Atlas 10K IV

ENTERPRISE

SCSI HARD DRIVE 36GB 73GB 147GB
10,000 RPM ENTERPRISECLASS HARD DRIVE EXCEPTIONAL CAPACITY AND PERFORMANCE
Industrys largest capacity 10K RPM drive Highest performance 4.3ms seek time Second-generation Ultra320 SCSI with MaxAdapt Maximum sustained data rate up to 72MB/sec 8MB cache
The Industrys Highest Performing 10K RPM Enterprise Class HDD with Leading Capacity for Demanding HighBandwidth Applications
The Workhorse Just Got Faster Introducing the Maxtor Atlas 10K IV drive, the industrys fastest and largest performing 10K RPM hard disk drive. Its 147GB capacity point and 4.3 ms seek time provide just the right combination of performance and capacity to meet mainstream enterprise hard disk drive market requirements. The Atlas 10K IV drive provides up to a 24% increase in sustained data transfer rates and delivers 5% faster seek times than prior 10K RPM hard disk drive generations. The drive is equipped with the Maxtor second-generation Ultra320 SCSI interface, which includes MaxAdapt, Maxtors implementation of Adaptive Active Filtration technology. MaxAdapt is a closed-loop method of improving signal quality by amplifying the fundamental frequency of the signal in the receiver while filtering noise and other undesirable components. MaxAdapt allows the drive to adapt to changing system conditions and components. This translates into lower error rates, easier integration, and increased bus efficiency for optimal system performance. MaxAdapt is only available on Maxtor SCSI hard disk drives. The Atlas 10K IV drive is designed to handle the most demanding high-bandwidth and high-capacity enterprise server applications.
Best-fit Enterprise Applications Maxtor Ultra320 SCSI
The Maxtor Ultra320 SCSI interface implementation has proven fully interoperable with all major SCSI and SCSI RAID controller manufacturers, and it is backwards compatible with prior SCSI interface standards.

EXTRAORDINARY VALUE

Lowest cost-per-gigabyte disk drive solution Double the capacity of 15K RPM drives SCSI investment protection

SUPERIOR RELIABILITY

MaxAdapt for better signal quality 24x7 dependability Proven Atlas drive architecture and firmware Shock Protection System Thermal sensor S.M.A.R.T. features
Enterprise computer users now have the highest capacity and performance 10K RPM drive for use in:
Multi-stream video and audio RAID applications Large file transfers Enterprise servers High-end graphics Video servers Imaging NAS environments Data warehousing SAN environments Email servers Supercomputing Electronic cinema Many others
Specifications Formatted Capacity (GB) Bytes per Sector Interface

36.7 36.7 512

73.5 73.5

147.1 147.1

Specifications Environmental Specifications Operating Temperature (C)
Ultra 320 SCSI (Backwards compatible with Ultra160, Ultra2, Ultra SCSI) 68-pin WIDE and 80-pin SCA-2

5 to 55

5 to to 95 63/30 1.5 3.2

5 to to 95 63/30 1.5 3.4

Non-Condensing Humidity (%) 8 to 95 Shock 2 ms (G) R/W Vibration 5-500 Hz (G) Acoustics, Idle (bels) Non-Operating 63/30 1.5 3.2

Interface Connectors

Disk Drive Configuration Disks Heads Performance Specifications Seek Time Average Read/Write (ms) 4.3/4.8 4.3/4.8 0.3/0.5 4.4/4.9 0.3/0.8

Temperature (C)

-40 to 70 -40 to 70 -40toto to 2
Non-Condensing Humidity (%) 5 to 95 Shock 2 msec (G) Vibration 5-500 Hz (G) Power Specifications Voltage Requirements Idle Power (W) Physical Dimensions Width max (inches/mm) 4/101.6 +5VDC +/- 5% 7.2
Track-to-Track Read/Write (ms) 0.3/0.5 Full stroke Read/Write (ms) Spindle Speed (RPM) Transfer Rate Internal (Mb/sec) To/From Media (MB/sec) 820 96
11.0/12.0 11.0/12.0 11.0/12.0 10,000 10,10,Order Information Model Number 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 8B036L0 8B036J0 <1 per 1011 <1 per 1011 <1 per 1011 <1 per 1015 <1 per 1015 <1 per 8B073L0 8B073J0 8B146L0 8B146J0 Capacity 36.7 36.7 73.5 73.5 147.1 147.1

+12VDC +10%/-7%

Average Rotational Latency (ms) 3

4/101.6

Length max (inches/mm) Height max (inches/mm) Weight max (lb/kg)
5.787/147 5.787/147 5.787/147 1.028/26.1 1.028/26.1 1.028/26.1 1.6/0.74 1.6/0.74 1.6/0.74
Maximum Sustained (MB/sec) 72 Cache (MBytes) Reliability Specifications AFR (Annualized Failure Rate) Data Error Rate per Bits Read Recoverable Nonrecoverable Warranty (years) 8
Interface Ultra 320 Ultra 320 Ultra 320 Ultra 320 Ultra 320 Ultra 320
Connector 68-pin Wide LVD 80-pin SCA-2 68-pin Wide LVD 80-pin SCA-2 68-pin Wide LVD 80-pin SCA-2
For support or information, call us at 1-800-2Maxtor or visit us at www.maxtor.com
All Maxtor products are backed by our leading service and support staff. Service includes: Advance replacement in 2 business days 24-hour on-line troubleshooting tools and e-mail Maxtors commitment to total customer satisfaction Product support representatives available Monday-Friday To speak with a Maxtor product support representative in the U.S. and Canada, call 1-800-2MAXTOR, Mon.-Fri. from 5 a.m. to 5 p.m (PST). In Europe, call +Mon.-Thur. from 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m (GMT) and Fri. 8:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. (GMT). In Australia, call +9369 3662. In Japan, call 00531653616, And in Singapore, call 65-6852-0220 or 1-800-481-6788.
A megabyte (MB) means 1,000,000 bytes. A gigabyte (GB) means 1,000,000,000 bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. Seek times are at nominal conditions and include settling. 1This warranty is standard when products are purchased directly through authorized Maxtor distributors/dealers. End-user warranties provided by computer manufacturers may vary. Specifications subject to change without notice. 2003 Maxtor Corporation. Maxtor is a registered trademark of Maxtor Corporation. Atlas , Shock Protection System and MaxAdapt are trademarks of Maxtor Corporation. Maxtor Corporation, 500 McCarthy Boulevard, Milpitas, CA, 95035. DS-Atlas10K4-5/03-CL.

Maxtor Atlas 10K IV

5.38 SEEK (10) Command (2Bh)... 5-129 5.39 SEND DIAGNOSTIC Command (1Dh).... 5-130 5.39.1 Supported Diagnostic Page List... 5-131 5.39.2 Translate Address Page.... 5-131 5.40 SET DEVICE IDENTIFIER Command (A4h).. 5-132 5.41 START STOP UNIT Command (1Bh)... 5-133 5.42 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE Command (35h)... 5-134 5.43 TEST UNIT READY Command (00h)... 5-135 5.44 VERIFY Command (2Fh).... 5-136 5.45 WRITE (6) Command (0Ah).... 5-137 5.46 WRITE (10) Command (2Ah)... 5-138 5.47 WRITE AND VERIFY Command (2Eh)... 5-139 5.48 WRITE BUFFER Command (3Bh)... 5-140 5.49 WRITE LONG Command (3Fh).... 5-142 Chapter 6 FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS 6.1 KEY FEATURES.... 6-1 6.2 PREFETCH..... 6-2 6.3 WRITE-BACK CACHING.... 6-3 6.4 ZERO LATENCY READ/WRITE... 6-3 6.5 DISCONNECT-RECONNECT.... 6-3 6.6 TRACK AND CYLINDER SKEWING... 6-3 6.7 AVERAGE ACCESS TIME.... 6-4 6.8 EMBEDDED SERVO SYSTEM.... 6-4 6.9 DATA INTEGRITY AND SECURITY.... 6-4 6.9.1 Media Error Protection... 6-4 6.9.2 Transfer Error Protection.... 6-4 6.9.3 Addressing Error Protection... 6-4 6.9.4 Data Sector Reallocation Error Protection... 6-5 6.9.5 Data Verification.... 6-5 6.10 TAGGED COMMAND QUEUING.... 6-5 6.11 COMMAND REORDERING.... 6-5 6.12 BANDED RECORDING.... 6-6 6.13 POWER MANAGEMENT.... 6-6 6.14 DIAGNOSTICS.... 6-6 6.14.1 Power On Self Test (POST).... 6-7 6.14.2 Periodic Self-Adjustments.... 6-7 6.14.3 Host Diagnostics.... 6-7 6.14.4 Log Sense.... 6-8 6.15 ERROR RECOVERY.... 6-8 6.15.1 Seek Error Recovery.... 6-8 6.15.2 Data Read Errors.... 6-8 6.15.3 Reallocation of Bad Blocks... 6-8 6.16 SCSI CONFIGURED AUTOMATICALLY (SCAM)... 6-9 6.17 THE ULTRA160 and ULTRA320 LOW VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (LVD) SCSI INTERFACE.... 6-9 x Maxtor Atlas 10K IV
6.17.1 DIFFSENS....6-10 6.17.2 DIFFSENS SWITCHING...6-10 6.17.3 DT AND ST CLOCKING...6-11 6.17.4 CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECKING...6-12 6.17.5 DOMAIN VALIDATION...6-12 6.17.6 Adaptive Active Filter (AAF)...6-12 6.17.7 Transmitter Pre-Compensation with Cutback...6-13 6.17.8 Free Running Clock (FRC)....6-13 6.17.9 Skew Compensation....6-13 6.17.10 Information Unit Transfers...6-13 6.18 HOT PLUGGING/REMOVAL AND INSERTION OF SCSI DEVICES.. 6-13 6.18.1 System Considerations...6-14 6.18.2 APPLICABLE SCSI PHYSICAL DOCUMENTS...6-15 Appendix A QUICK REFERENCE A.1 SCSI-2/SCSI-3 Equivalent Terminology... A.2 SCSI Commands and Messages.... A.3 SCSI Pages.... A.4 Sense Keys.... A.5 Status Codes....

1-2 Maxtor Atlas 10K IV

The typographical and naming conventions used in this manual are listed below. Conventions that are unique to a specific table appear in the notes that follow that table. Typographical Conventions: Names of Bits: Bit names are presented in initial capitals. An example is the Host Software Reset Bit. Commands: Firmware commands are listed as all capitals. An example is MODE SELECT. Parameters: Parameters are given as initial capitals when spelled out, and are given as all capitals when abbreviated. Examples are Prefetch Enable (PE) and Cache Enable (CE). Hexadecimal Notation: The hexadecimal notation is given in 9-point subscript form. An example is 30H. Signal Negation: A signal that is non-active or is in its non-asserted state. Messages: A message that is sent from the drive to the host is listed in all capitals. An example is BUS DEVICE RESET. Naming Conventions: Host: In general, the system in which the drive resides is referred to as the host. Computer Voice: This refers to items you type at the computer keyboard. These items are listed in 10-point, all capitals, Courier font. An example is FORMAT.

REFERENCES

For additional information about the SCSI interface, refer to: ANSI Small Computer System Interface-2 (SCSI-2) Specification, ANSI X3T9.2/86-109, Revision 10k. ANSI Small Computer System Interface-3 (SCSI-3) Specification, ANSI X3T10, August 1994. SPI-3 Specification Revision SPI-4 Spec Revision 10

1-4 Maxtor Atlas 10K IV

Chapter 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
This chapter summarizes the general functions and key features of the Maxtor Atlas 10K IV family of hard disk drives, as well as the applicable standards and regulations.

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drives are part of a family of high performance, 1-inch-high hard disk drives manufactured to meet the highest product quality standards. There are currently three models in the Maxtor Atlas 10K IV series, with capacities of 36.8, 73.6, and 147.1 gigabytes (GB). These hard disk drives use nonremovable, 3 1/2-inch diameter hard disks and are available with the following SCSI configurations: Ultra320 SCSI, Ultra2, Ultra SCSI 68-pin Wide (16-bit) Ultra320 SCSI, Ultra2, Ultra SCSI 80-pin SCA-2 (16-bit) The Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drives feature an embedded SCSI drive controller and use SCSI commands to optimize system performance. Because the drive manages media defects and error recovery internally, these operations are fully transparent to the user. The innovative design of the Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drives enables Maxtor to produce a family of low-cost, high-reliability drives.

KEY FEATURES

The Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drive includes the following key features: General Formatted storage capacity of 36.8 GB (1 disk, 2 heads), 73.6 GB (2 disks, 4 heads), and 147.1 GB (4 disks, 8 heads) Low profile, 1-inch height Industry standard 3 1/2-inch form factor Embedded SCSI controller

General Description

Performance Average seek time of 4.3 ms (1/2 D) and 4.4 (4D) for reads Average seek time of 4.8 ms (1/2 D) and 4.9 ms (4D) for writes 10,000 RPM rotational speed Average rotational latency of 3 ms 8 MB SDRAM buffer. Look-ahead DisCache feature with continuous prefetch and WriteCache write-buffering capabilities Read-on-arrival firmware Tagged Command Queuing with Reordering (ORCA) ECC on-the-fly Highly automated SCSI protocol (including Auto Read/Write) 1:1 interleave on read/write operations High performance Ultra320 SCSI interface SCSI-2, and SCSI-3 supported Ultra 160 SCSI Ultra-2 SCSI-3 LVDS transfer rates supported Fast Ultra and Ultra-2 SCSI transfer rates supported (SCSI-3 compliant) S.M.A.R.T. 2 (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) SCSI bus active negation drivers SCAM Level 2 Burst data transfer rate of up to 6.0 MB/s asynchronous, 40 MB/s Ultra SCSI, 80 MB/s Ultra2 SCSI, 160 MB/s Ultra160 SCSI, and 320 MB/s Ultra320 SCSI. SCSI bus fairness Ultra 320 Performance Enhancements
~ Maxadapt: Adaptive Active Filter (AAF) ~ Double Transition (DT) Data Transfers ~ Free Running Clock (FRC) ~ Skew Compensation ~ Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) ~ Domain Validation ~ Information Unit (IU) Transfers ~ Transmitter Pre-Compensation with Cutback (as option)
Reliability Automatic retry on read errors 360-bit, interleaved Reed-Solomon Error Correcting Code (ECC), with cross checking correction up to three separate bursts of 32 bits each totalling up to 96 bits in length Self-diagnostic firmware Patented Airlock automatic shipping lock and dedicated landing zone Transparent media defect mapping High performance, in-line defective sector skipping Reassignment of defective sectors discovered in the field, without reformatting Thermal Sensing monitors the drive temperature to ensure on-going drive reliability Shock Protection System II (SPS II) protects the drive against specific types of handling events that could cause damage to the drive. Versatility Downloadable firmware Plug-and-Play SCSI SCSI-2, Ultra160 SCSI, and Ultra320 SCSI compatibility
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STANDARDS (Final Certs in Process)
Maxtor Corporations disk drive products meet all domestic and international product safety regulatory compliance requirements. Maxtors disk drive products conform to the following specifically marked Product Safety Standards: Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Standard 1950 3rd Edition. This certificate is category UL recognized pertaining to all 3.5 inch series drives. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Standard C.22.2 No. 950. This certificate is category c-UL recognized pertaining to all 3.5 inch series drives. TUV Rheinland Standard EN60950. This certificate is a category certification pertaining to all 3.5 inch series drives.
Product EMI/EMC Qualifications: Maxtor Corporations disk drive products meet all domestic and international electro-magnetic emissions and immunity requirements. Maxtors disk drive products conform to the following EMI/EMC Standards CE Mark (Europe) is a Self Declaration as per Directive 89/336, EN55022: 1998 (Emissions) and EN55024: 1998 (Immunity). C-Tick Mark (Australia/New Zealand) is a Self Declaration as per AS/NZS3548: 1998. BSMI Mark (Taiwan) is a Self Declaration as per CNS 13438:1998. MIC Mark (Korea) is a Certificate of registration for SCSI disk drives. Maxtors disk drives are designed as a separate subassembly that conforms to the FCC Rules for Radiated and Conducted emissions, Part 15 Subpart J; Class B when installed in a given computer system. Maxtor drives conform to Canadian EMC Standard ICES-003.

3-20 Maxtor Atlas 10K IV

4-PIN DC POWER CONNECTOR (68-PIN CONNECTOR)
The recommended mating connectors for the +5 VDC and +12 VDC input power connector are listed in Table 3-8.
Table 3-8 Power Connector (J1, Section A)
J1, SECTION A (4-PIN) PIN NUMBER VOLTAGE LEVEL
MATING CONNECTOR TYPE AND PART NUMBER (OR EQUIVALENT)
+12 VDC Ground Return for +12 VDC Ground Return for +5 VDC +5 VDC
4-Pin Connector: AMP P/N 1-480424-0 Loose piece contacts: AMP P/N VS 60619-4 Strip contacts: AMP P/N VS 61117-4
J1, Section A, pins 2 and 3 are the +5 and +12 volt returns and are connected together on the drive.

4-PIN MATING CONNECTOR

Maxtor Atlas 10K IV 3-21
J1 12-PIN AUXILIARY CONNECTOR (68-PIN CONNECTOR)
J1 on the 68-pin SCSI PCB contains a 12-pin auxiliary connector. The pin assignments for this connector are shown in Table 3-9.
Table 3-9 J1 Auxiliary 12-Pin Connector
J1 Auxiliary Connector Pins PIN NUMBER FUNCTION
SCSI Addr - A0 XTFAULT SCSI Addr - A1 GND SCSI Addr - A2 GND SCSI Addr - A3 Busy Out NC GND LED Pwr (+5 V) NC
12-pin connector: Hirose Electric Co. Dual-row crimp socket: A3B-12D2C Crimp terminals: A3B-26305CC (or equivalent)
DRIVE MOUNTING AND INSTALLATION
Drive mounting orientation, clearance, and ventilation requirements are described in the following subsections.

Orientation

The mounting holes on the Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drive allow the drive to be mounted in any orientation. Figure 3-7 shows the location of the three mounting holes on each side of the drive. The drives also can be mounted using the four mounting hole locations on the PCB side. All dimensions are in millimeters. For mounting, #6-32 UNC screws are recommended.
Figure 3-7 Mounting Dimensions Maxtor Atlas 10K IV Drives

Maxtor Atlas 10K IV 3-23

Mounting Screw Clearance
The printed-circuit board assembly (PCBA) is very close to the mounting holes. Figure 3-8 specifies the clearance between the screws in the mounting holes and the PCBA. Do not use mounting screws longer than the maximum lengths specified in Figure 3-8. The specified screw length allows full use of the mountinghole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCBA. Clearance from the drive to any other surface (except mounting surfaces) must be a minimum of 1.25 mm (0.05 inches).
Figure 3-8 Mounting Screw Clearance for Maxtor Atlas 10K IV Drive

CAUTION: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified length for the mounting screws. The specified screw length allows full use of the mounting-hole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. Figure 3-8 specifies the minimum clearance between the PCB and the screws in the mounting holes. The maximum torque applied to the screws must not exceed 8.7 inch-pounds.

Mounting

For the best results during performance benchmark testing, it is highly recommended that the drive be mounted firmly in a system or fixture, rather than sitting unconstrained on a tabletop. If it is necessary to do early testing of the drive while it is unconstrained, the drive should rest on a flat, smooth, semi-cushioned surface (similar to a mousepad). The drive should not be operated on a hard surfacethis avoids performance degradations due to the higher incidence of recovered errors.

Ventilation

The Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drive may operate with or without a cooling fan provided that the maximum HDA temperature as measured on the drivess top cover does not exceed 131F (60C). Drive reliability and warranty wil be limited if the drive is exposed to temperatures greater than 55C. Figures 3-9 and 3-10 show airflow recommended for adequate cooling. Clearance from the drive to any other surface above and below the drive must be a minimum of 1.25mm (1/16 inch). Maxtor leaves the design and application of cooling and clearance for the disk drive to the User, but the drive must maintain a case temperature at or below 60C.
Figure 3-9 Lengthwise Airflow Cooling

Maxtor Atlas 10K IV 3-25

Figure 3-10 Crosswise Airflow Cooling

Chapter 4 SPECIFICATIONS

This chapter gives a detailed description of the physical, electrical, and environmental characteristics of the Maxtor Atlas 10K IV hard disk drives.

SPECIFICATION SUMMARY

Table 4-1 Specifications MAXTOR ATLAS 10K IV 36.8 GB 36.8 GB 10,2 585K 24 61,000 tpi 49,070 98,883 71,833,PRML 50/52 encoding 676K fci MAXTOR ATLAS 10K IV 73.6 GB 73.6 GB 10,4 585K 24 61,000 tpi 49,070 196,883 143,666,PRML 50/52 encoding 676K fci MAXTOR ATLAS 10K III 147.1 GB 147.1 GB 10,8 585K 24 61,000 tpi 49,070 392,883 287,332,PRML 50/52 encoding 676K fci
DESCRIPTION Formatted Capacity Nominal rotational speed (rpm) Number of Disks Number of R/W heads Data Organization: BPI Zones per surface Track density User Data Cylinders Total tracks Sectors per track: Inside zone Outside zone Total User Sectors Bytes per sector Recording technology Maximum linear density

Specifications

DESCRIPTION Encoding method Maximum effective areal density Servo Mechanical Timing Specifications: Sequential Head Switch Time2 Sequential Cylinder Switch Time3 Random4 Average Seek (Read) Random4 Average Seek (Write) Full Stroke5 Seek (Read) SCSI Hard Reset Time6

5.10.2

FORMAT UNIT Parameter List
The FORMAT UNIT Parameter List (Table 5-14) consists of a Defect List Header (Table 5-15) followed by one or more Defect Descriptors. Descriptors are either four bytes or eight bytes in length.
Table 5-14 FORMAT UNIT Parameter List-Data Format Bit Byte
Defect List Header Initialization Pattern Descriptor (if any) Defect Descriptors (if any)

5.10.2.1

FORMAT UNIT Defect List Header
The FORMAT UNIT Defect List Header (Table 5-15) provides several optional format control bits to give the initiator more control over the defect lists. Table 5-16 provides descriptions of the data fields in the Defect List Header
Table 5-15.FORMAT UNIT Defect List Header-Data Format Bit Byte

2-3 FOV DPRY DCRT

Reserved STPF
Table 5-16 FORMAT UNIT Defect List Header-Field Descriptions Name

FOV DPRY DCRT

The Format Options Valid bit indicates that the remaining option bits in this byte are valid. If this bit is not set, the remaining bits, except Immed, are ignored. The Disable Primary bit specifies whether the drive should ignore the Primary Defect List during the format to identify defective areas on the media. The drive's default is 0, indicating that the drive should replace sectors found in the Primary Defect List during the format. The Disable Certification bit specifies whether the drive should certify the media during the format. The drives default is 0, indicating that the drive should certify the media. The Stop Format bit specifies the error conditions under which the drive is to terminate the format. The state of the bit is ignored and the drive acts as if this bit is set. If either the Grown Defect List or the Primary Defect List is not found, the format operation terminates with a CHECK CONDITION status and a sense key of MEDIUM ERROR The Initialization Pattern bit signals the drive that the FORMAT UNIT Parameter List contains initialization pattern information. An Initialization Pattern bit of 1 indicates that an initialization pattern descriptor (Table 517) is included in the FORMAT UNIT parameter list immediately following the Defect List Header. An Initialization Pattern bit of 0 indicates that an initialization pattern descriptor (Table 517) is not included in the FORMAT UNIT parameter list, and the drive will use its default initialization pattern of all zeros. The Disable Saving Parameter prohibits the drive from preserving MODE SELECT parameters received while the Format is in progress. This bit is ignored, and the drive acts as if it were set. When the Immediate bit is 0, the drive returns a status after the format operation completes. If the disconnect privilege is granted in the accompanying IDENTIFY message, the drive disconnects from the bus after fetching and validating the Command Descriptor Block and the FORMAT UNIT Parameter List. If the disconnect privilege is not granted, the drive stays connected to the bus during the entire FORMAT UNIT command. When the Immediate bit is set to 1, the drive returns a status after the Command Descriptor Block and FORMAT UNIT Parameter List have been fetched and validated. In this case, the drive ignores the IDENTIFY message's disconnect privilege bit and remains connected to the bus while it validates the Command Descriptor Block and Parameter List. It returns the completion status before it disconnects. The drive then proceeds with the format. Vendor-specific. Must be 0. Gives the length in bytes of the Defect Descriptors that follow. A value of 0 is valid and means that no Defect Descriptors follow. A CHECK CONDITION status is returned if this value is not a multiple of the defect descriptor size. The Defect List Length is equal to four times the number of defect descriptors if Block format is used, or eight times if Bytes From Index format or Physical Sector format is used.

Table 5-52 Mode Page Types

Page Type

The current mode page set applies to all initiators and defines the drives mode. The SCSI-2 specification states that a drive can maintain Mode parameters on a per-initiator basis if it so chooses. The Drives do not support this option. The current mode page set contains the values supplied in the last MODE SELECT command received from an initiator. If no initiator has sent a MODE SELECT command since the drive was last reset or powered up, the current pages contain Saved values if saved pages exist (from a previous MODE SELECT command SP parameter). Default values if pages have never been saved. The drives generate a Unit Attention condition for all initiators (except for the one that was the source of the MODE SELECT command) whenever one initiator modifies the Mode parameters.

Current

Default Saved Changeable
The default mode page set contains the factory default values that are listed in each pages description. The saved mode page set contains values preserved in the drives non-volatile memory by a previous SP-modified MODE SELECT command. The changeable mode page set provides a means for an initiator to determine which pages it is allowed to change and the specific bits within those pages that it is allowed to change. This page set is read-only and is fetched with a MODE SENSE command.

5.14.3

Mode Parameter List
Table 5-53 shows the format of the Mode Parameter List that is passed by the initiator to the drive during the commands data-out buffer transfer. Table 5-54 describes the fields. Table 5-55 and Table 5-56 provides a description of the data format and fields of the Mode Parameter Header. Table 5-57 and Table 5-58 describe the format and field descriptions for the Mode Parameter Block Descriptor.
Table 5-53 Mode Parameter List-Data Format Bit Byte

11 4n or 12 n

Mode Parameter Header Block Descriptor (optional) Page(s) (optional)
Table 5-54 Mode Parameter List-Field Descriptions Field

Mode Parameter Header

Contains information about the remainder of the parameter list and is always present (see Table 5-55 and Table 5-56). Allows the initiator to set the drives Logical Block Size and number of Logical Block Addresses (see Table 5-57 and Table 5-58). The page code(s) of the pages that are a part of this command.

Table 5-92 MODE SENSE Command-Field Descriptions Data Field
Disable Block Descriptor. When the value is 0, the drive returns its Block Descriptor followed by the requested page(s). When the value is 1, the drive returns only the requested pages. Page Control. Determines which type of page values are returned. These values are:
00b Current 01b Changeable 10b Default 11b Saved The Page Code field determines the pages to be returned to the initiator in the command's data-in buffer transfer. Refer to Table 5-51 and Table 5-95 for a complete list of the Mode Pages (changeable and read-only). A Page Code of 3Fh causes all supported pages to be returned. The Sub Page Code field determines the sub pages to be returned to the initiator in the command's data-in buffer transfer. A Sub Page Code of 0xFF causes all supported sub pages to be returned.

Page Code

Sub Page Code
Table 5-93 Mode Parameter Header (6 Byte)-Data Format Bit Byte
SCSI Description Table 5-94 Mode Parameter Header and Block Descriptor-Field Descriptions Data Field
Mode Data Length Medium Type Device-Specific Parameter Block Descriptor If DBD is 1, then the Block Descriptor Length is eight (8). Number of Blocks The value in this field specifies the number of logical blocks on the unit that are affected by the current MODE SELECT command. When this field = 0, the MODE SELECT parameters are put into effect for all logical blocks on the unit. The maximum value allowed is the total number of initiator-addressable logical blocks for the value specified in the Block Length field. A value that is less than the maximum value will decrease the number of initiator-accessible logical blocks to the amount specified. The value in this field specifies the length, in bytes, of each block. Length of the returned data Always zero (0) Bit 7 - This bit is set if the drive is write protected Bit 4 - This bit is always set to indicate that the drive supports cache memory. Zero (0) if Block Descriptor (DBD) in MODE SENSE Command Descriptor Length sector is 0.

Block Length

5.16.1

Read-Only Mode Pages

Table 5-95 lists read-only mode pages. Table 5-51 lists initiator-changeable mode pages. Table 5-95 Read-Only Mode Pages

Table 5-117 Persistent Reservation Type Codes and Their Meanings Code Name Description
READS: Shared; any application client on any initiator may execute commands that perform transfers from the disk to the initiator. 0h READ Shared WRITES: Prohibited; any command from any initiator that performs a transfer from the initiator to the disk results in a reservation conflict. ADDITIONAL RESERVATIONS: Allowed; any initiator may reserve the logical unit, extents, or elements as long as the persistent reservations do not conflict with any reservations already known to the device server. READS: Shared; any application client on any initiator may execute commands that perform transfers from the disk to the initiator. WRITE Exclusive WRITES: Exclusive; any command from any initiator other than the initiator that holds the persistent reservation that attempts a transfer to the disk results in a reservation conflict ADDITIONAL RESERVATIONS: Allowed; any initiator may reserve the logical unit, extents, or elements as long as the persistent reservations do not conflict with any reservations already known to the device server. READS: Exclusive; any command from any initiator other than the initiator that holds the persistent reservation that attempts a transfer from the disk results in a reservation conflict 2h READ Exclusive WRITES: Shared; any application client on any initiator may execute commands that perform transfers to the disk from the initiator. ADDITIONAL RESERVATIONS: Allowed; any initiator may reserve the logical unit, extents, or elements as long as the persistent reservations do not conflict with any reservations already known to the device server. READS: Exclusive; any command from any initiator other than the initiator holding the persistent reservation that attempts a transfer from the disk results in a reservation conflict. WRITES: Exclusive; any command from any initiator other than the initiator holding the persistent reservation that attempts a transfer to the disk results in a reservation conflict. ADDITIONAL RESERVATIONS: Restricted; any PERSISTENT RESERVATION OUT command with the Reserve service action from any initiator other than the initiator holding the persistent reservation results in a reservation conflict. The initiator that holds the persistent reservation can reserve the logical unit, extents, or elements as long as the persistent reservations do not conflict with any reservations already known to the device server.

Service Action Reservation Key
Table 5-120 illustrates which fields are set by the application client and interpreted by the device server for each Service and Scope value.
Table 5-120 Device Server Interpretation of Service and Scope Value Parameters Service Action
Register Reserve Reserve Reserved Release Release Release Clear Clear Pre-empt Pre-empt Pre-empt Pre-empt & Clear Pre-empt & Clear Pre-empt & Clear

Allowed Scope

Ignored LU Extent Element LU Extent Element Ignored Ignored LU Extent Element LU Extent Element
Ignored Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Ignored Ignored Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid
Valid Ignored Ignored Ignored Ignored Ignored Ignored Ignored Ignored Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid
Element or Element Parameters
Ignored Ignored Extent Valid Ignored Ignored Extent Valid Element Valid Ignored Ignored Ignored Extent Valid Element Valid Ignored Extent Valid Element Valid

READ (6) Command (08h)

The READ (6) command requests that data be transferred from the drive to the initiator. The amount of data transferred is specified by the transfer length field. The starting point is specified by the logical sector address. The data format and field descriptions are shown in Table 5-121 and Table 5-122 respectively.
Table 5-121 READ (6) Command-Data Format Bit Byte
Operation Code (08h) Logical Block Address Logical Block Address (continued) Transfer Length Control
Table 5-122 READ (6) Command-Field Descriptions Field
Specifies the logical block address where the read operation will begin. Specifies the number of contiguous logical blocks of data to transfer. A transfer length of 0 indicates that 256 logical blocks will be transferred. Any other value indicates the number of logical blocks that will be transferred.

READ (10) Command (28h)

The READ (10) command requests that data be transferred from the drive to the initiator. The amount of data transferred is specified by the transfer length field. The starting point is specified by the logical sector address. The data format and field descriptions are shown in Table 5-123 and Table 5-124 respectively.
Table 5-123 READ (10) Command-Data Format Bit Byte

SYNCHRONIZE CACHE Command (35h)
The SYNCHRONIZE CACHE command ensures that all logical blocks, within the specified range in the drive's cache memory, have their most recent data value recorded on the physical medium. If more recent data for a logical block, within the specified range, exists in the cache memory than on the physical medium, then the logical blocks from the cache memory is written to the physical medium. Logical blocks are not necessarily removed from the cache as a result of the Synchronize Cache operation. The data format and field descriptions are shown in Table 5-201 and Table 5-202 respectively.
Table 5-201 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE Command Descriptor Block-Data Format Bit Byte
Operation Code (35h) Reserved Logical Block Address Reserved Number of Blocks Control Immed =0 RelAdr
Table 5-202 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE Command-Field Descriptions Field
Immed RelAdr Logical Block Address
Immediate. Must be 0. The drive returns status after the synchronize cache operation has been completed. Relative Address. Must be 0. Relative addressing is not supported. The address of the first logical sector of the range to be operated upon by this command. Specifies the total number of contiguous logical blocks within the range. When set to 0, the drive removes all sectors from the given Logical Block Address on.
When Number of Blocks and Logical Block Address are both 0, the drive removes all unwritten cache sectors to the medium. It is not considered an error when no sectors within the specified range are in the cache memory.
TEST UNIT READY Command (00h)
The TEST UNIT READY command returns GOOD status if the drive is ready to receive medium access commands (that is, READ, WRITE, VERIFY, etc.). If the drive is not ready to receive medium access commands, it returns CHECK CONDITION status with the appropriate sense keys and qualifiers. The data format is described in Table 5-203.
Table 5-203 TEST UNIT READY Command Descriptor Block-Data Format Bit Byte
Operation Code (00h) Reserved Control

VERIFY Command (2Fh)

The VERIFY command verifies the data on the medium for the Logical Block Address range specified. The data format and field descriptions are shown in Table 5-204 and Table 5-205 respectively.
Table 5-204 VERIFY Command Descriptor Block-Data Format Bit Byte
Operation Code (2Fh) DPO Reserved Verification Length Control Reserved BytChk RelAdr Logical Block Address
Table 5-205 VERIFY Command-Field Descriptions Field
Disable Page Out. When the value of the field = 1, the device server will assign the logical blocks accessed by this command the lowest priority for being fetched into or retained by the cache. When DPO = 0, the priority will be determined by fields in the Caching page. Byte Check. When the value is 1, the drive performs a byte-by-byte comparison of the data on the medium with the data sent by the initiator in the data-out buffer transfer.

Table 5-212 WRITE BUFFER Command Descriptor Block-Data Format Bit Byte
2 3-5 6-Reserved Buffer ID Buffer Offset Parameter List Length Control
Operation Code (3Bh) Mode
Table 5-213 WRITE BUFFER Command-Field Descriptions Field
Five modes are supported by the drive; Combined Header and Data, Data Only, Download Microcode and Save, and Write Data from Echo Buffer. The permissible values for Buffer ID, Buffer Offset are as follows: Combined Header and Data In this mode, the data to be transferred is preceded by a 4-byte header that contains reserved bytes that must be set to 0. The resulting descriptor and data are fetched from the initiator during the command's data-out buffer transfer and, after the descriptor has been validated, only the data is written to the controller's memory.
Buffer ID must be 0 Buffer Offset must be 0 Parameter List Length must be set to between 0 and 516 (4 bytes of header and up to 512 bytes of data). Data Only In this mode, the data-out buffer transfer contains buffer data. Data is written to the drive's buffer starting at the location specified by the Buffer ID and Buffer Offset. Buffer ID. When non-zero, the value specifies a specific track line in the controllers cache. If Buffer ID of zero is specified, the buffer referenced is the same as if Buffer ID of one were specified.
0010b Buffer Offset. When non-zero, the value can range from 0 to one less than the number of sectors/track multiplied by 512. This value must be either a zero or a multiple of 512. Parameter List Length. This value must be a multiple of 512. The maximum value for this field is one more than the number of sectors/track times 512. The minimum value is 0. Download Microcode and Save. In this mode, a microcode image is transferred to the drive, and if valid, is saved in the controller's non-volatile memory. This image must be transferred with all buffers of the same size (the last buffer of the transfer cannot be of a different size) and the buffer size must be a multiple of 512. Most images are multiples of 512 and 1K. In that case, it is safe to have 512 byte transfers or 1K transfers. For example, if the image size is 369K, then 738 512-byte buffers can be transferred or 369 1K byte buffers can be transferred. It is also possible to transfer the image in one large buffer. 0101b The controller does a hard reset on command completion. In Download Microcode and Save mode, the other Command Descriptor Blocks are supported as follows: Buffer ID Undefined and ignored. Buffer Offset The offset of the buffer being transferred. For example: for 512 byte transfers use 0, 512, 1024, 1536,. For 1K byte transfers use 0, 1024, 2048, 3072. Parameter List Length Must be the size of the buffer being transferred. 7 (0111b) Download Microcode and Save with Offset. This mode acts the same as mode 0101b but is restricted to sending the bytes in sequential order. Write Data from Echo Buffer In this mode, the host transfers data and stores it in an echo buffer. The data will be preserved in the echo buffer unless there is an intervening command. Buffer ID Ignored. Buffer Offset Ignored.

QUEUE A prioritized list or set of processes. A queue may be a FIFO (first-in, first-out), LIFO (last-in, first -out) or a random-access entity. QUEUE TAG The value associated with an I/ O process that uniquely identifies it from other queued I/O processes in the logical unit from the same initiator. QUEUED I/O PROCESS An I/O process that is in the command queue.
REMOVABLE DISK Generally said of disk drives where the disk itself is meant to be removed, and in particular of hard disks using disks mounted in cartridges. Their advantage is that multiple disks can be used to increase the amount of stored material, and that once removed, the disk can be stored away to prevent unauthorized use. RLL Abbreviation for Run Length Limited. An advanced method used to encode (or compress) data for storage on a disk. RLL encoding stores almost 50 percent more data than MFM (Modified Frequency Modulation). RLL code improves MFM code by encoding data bits in groups rather than singly. Many encoding schemes are possible. The best achieve optimum values of code rates, clocking, power spectrum, error propagation and encoding complexity. A number pair (e.g., 1,7) is usually stated with RLL references. It refers to the minimum number of 0;s(1) and the maximum number of 0's (7) that can separate data 1's stored on the disk. ROM Read-Only Memory. Integrated circuit memory chip containing programs that can be accessed and read but can not be modified. ROTARY ACTUATOR The rotary actuator replaces the stepper motor used in the past by many hard disk manufacturers. The rotary actuator is perfectly balanced and rotates around a single pivot point. It allows closedloop feedback positioning of the heads, which is more accurate than stepper motors. ROTATIONAL LATENCY The delay between when the controller starts looking for a specific block of data on a track and when that block rotates around to where it can be read by the read/write head. On average, it is half of the time needed for a full rotation (about 8 ms.).
SCA-2 An improved Single Connector Attachment that incorporates two electrostatic discharge (ESD) pins on either end of the connector to improve safety when making a connection. SCAM-1 SCSI Configured Automatically. A plug-and-play method used in some drives. SCSI Small Computer System Interface. An interface designed for Apple Macintosh systems and UNIX workstations. SCSI-1 The first small computer system interface standard. SCSI-2 An enhanced small computer system interface as defined and published by ANSI in standard X3.131-1994. One of the major features of SCSI-2 is integrating the controller into the peripheral device, making the device independent of the initiator. SCSI-3 A new set of related ANSI standards are currently under development by the X3T10 committee. The old SCSI-2 standard has been divided into a new set of standards for SCSI-3. Some of these [working draft] standards are: SAM (SCSI Architecture Model) for the architecture; SBC (SCSI Block Commands) for the disk drive specific command set. SPC (SCSI Primary Commands) for the primary command set; and SIP (SCSI Interlocked Protocol) for the protocol layer; SPI (SCSI Parallel Interface) for the physical layer; Layering the standards documents in this manner allows substitution of parts of the structure as new technology arrives. SCSI ADDRESS The unique address assigned to a SCSI bus device. Normally, the address is assigned and set during system installation with priority being a consideration. A SCSI address is a value of 0 to 7 (or 0 to 15 for wide SCSI).