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[GUIDE LINE]
Set the pattern of the guide lines displayed when taking pictures. You can also set whether or not to have the recording information displayed when the guide lines are displayed. (P62) [REC. INFO.]: [OFF]/[ON] [PATTERN]: [ ]/[ ]
The [PATTERN] setting is fixed to [
] in the Intelligent auto mode.

[HISTOGRAM]

This allows you to set either to display or not display the histogram. (P64) [OFF]/[ON] When the auto review or the review function is activated, white saturated areas blink in black and white. [OFF]/[ON]

[HIGHLIGHT]

If there are any white saturated areas, we recommend
compensating the exposure towards negative (P76) referring to the histogram (P64) and then taking the picture again. It may result in a better quality picture. There may be white saturated areas if the distance between the camera and the subject is too close when taking pictures with the flash. If [HIGHLIGHT] is set to [ON] in this case, the area directly illuminated by the photo flash will become white saturated and appear blinking in black and white.

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In manual focus, the assistance screen appears on the centre of the screen to facilitate focusing on the subject. [OFF]:

[MF ASSIST]

[MF1]: The centre of the screen is enlarged. [MF2]: The centre of the screen is enlarged over the whole screen.
Refer to P86 for details. You can conserve the battery life by setting these menus. Also, it will turn off the LCD monitor automatically when not in use to prevent discharge of the battery.
p [POWER SAVE]: The camera is automatically turned off if the camera has not been used for the time selected on the setting. [OFF]/[2MIN.]/[5MIN.]/[10MIN.]

q [ECONOMY]

[AUTO LCD OFF]: The LCD monitor is automatically turned off if the camera has not been used for the time selected on the setting. [OFF]/[15SEC.]/[30SEC.] Press the shutter button halfway or turn the camera off and on to cancel [POWER SAVE]. [POWER SAVE] is set to [5MIN.] in the Intelligent auto mode. [POWER SAVE] is fixed to [2MIN.] when [AUTO LCD OFF] is set to [15SEC.] or [30SEC.]. Press any button to turn on the LCD monitor again. [AUTO LCD OFF] does not work while operating menu or playback zoom. AV and HD output is turned off while LCD monitor is turned off. If you selected the Viewfinder in a recording mode, the display will automatically switch to the LCD monitor when reviewing or [PLAY ON LCD] playing back the pictures. [OFF]/[ON] Refer to P64 for details.

10 seconds A (Set to [] when picture size is [ ] (0.3M )) [ON] (The maximum ISO sensitivity: [ISO800]) 800 [AWB]
(Set to [ [STANDARD] AUTO [1ST]
] when a face cannot be detected)
[AF ASSIST LAMP] (P135) [ON]

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The following functions cannot be used. Flash output adjustment/Auto bracket/Colour bracket/White balance fine adjustment/[AF/
AE LOCK]/[DIGITAL ZOOM]/[AUDIO REC.]/[MIN. SHTR SPEED]/[HISTOGRAM]/ [PICT. ADJ.]/Out of frame display The following functions are fixed to the ones set in other modes. [ZOOM RESUME]/[CONVERSION] The other items on the [SETUP] menu can be set in a mode such as the programme AE mode. What is set will be reflected in the Intelligent auto mode.

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Taking pictures with your favourite settings

(Programme AE mode)

Many more menu items can be set and you can take pictures with greater freedom than when you take pictures in the Intelligent auto mode (P43).
A Mode dial B [REC]/[PLAYBACK] selector switch

(P116).

To change the setting while taking pictures, refer to Using the [REC] Mode Menu
Aim the AF area at the point you want to focus on. Press the shutter button halfway to focus.
The focus range is 30 cm (Wide)/2 m (Tele) to. If pictures are to be taken at an even closer range, refer to Taking Close-up Pictures (P72).
Press the halfway pressed shutter button fully to take a picture.
The access indication lights (P24) red when pictures
are being recorded on the built-in memory (or the card).
To adjust the colours and take pictures at times when the image appears too red (P121)

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Focusing
Aim the AF area at the subject, and then press the shutter button halfway.
Focus Focus indication AF area Sound When the subject is When the subject focused is not focused On White>Green Beeps 2 times Blinks White>Red Beeps 4 times

A B C D E F G

Focus indication AF area (normal) AF area (when using the digital zoom or when it is dark) Recording distance range display (when zooming) Aperture value Shutter speed ISO sensitivity If correct exposure cannot be achieved, it will be displayed in red. (However, it will not be displayed in red when the flash is used.)

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Note Do not bring the flash too close to objects or close the flash while it is activated. The Do not close the flash soon after the flash is activated prior to taking pictures due to AUTO/ When you take a picture beyond the available flash range, the exposure may not be adjusted When the flash is being charged, the flash icon blinks red, and you cannot take a picture even
properly and the picture may become bright or dark. when you press the shutter button fully. When [AUTO LCD OFF] is set, the LCD monitor turns off and the power lamp lights. The white balance may not be properly adjusted if the flash level is insufficient for the subject. When the shutter speed is fast, the flash effect may not be sufficient. When taking a picture with the flash, we recommend removing the lens hood. In some cases it may not allow the scene to be illuminated properly. It may take time to charge the flash if you repeat taking a picture. Take a picture after the access indication disappears. The red-eye reduction effect differs between people. Also, if the subject was far away from the camera or was not looking at the first flash, the effect may not be evident. Flash is fixed to [] when the [CONVERSION] (P138) is set to [ ] or [ C ]. Red-eye reduction etc. It causes a malfunction. objects may be discoloured by its heat or lighting.

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Taking Close-up Pictures
This mode allows you to take close-up pictures of a subject, e.g. when taking pictures of flowers. You can take pictures of a subject as close as 1 cm from the lens by rotating the zoom lever upmost to Wide (1k). As you rotate the zoom lever towards Tele, the distance at which you can take close-up pictures changes in steps. The maximum distance for close-up pictures is 2 m (6k-10k).

Press [AF#/FOCUS].

In AF macro mode, [
] is displayed. To cancel, press [AF#/FOCUS] again.

Take the pictures.

Focus range
The focus range changes in steps.
Tele-macro function You can take a picture as close as 1 m when the zoom is set to 11k-18k (close to fully tele) ([ ] is displayed on the screen). It is convenient to take pictures of flowers on the ground standing, or take close-up pictures of insects that may run away when you get too close. Jitter may occur when using the tele-macro function. If you cannot use a tripod, it is
recommended to take a picture in the light condition that will allow aperture setting of F4.0 or above and shutter speed of 1/125 or higher to maintain the jitter compensation function. If you focus on the subject at 2 m or less distant position with tele-macro function when setting the optical zoom magnification in 18k and then rotate the zoom lever for setting the optical zoom magnification to 11k or less, the subject becomes unfocused.

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Note We recommend using a tripod and the self-timer. We recommend setting the flash to [] when you take pictures at close range. If the distance between the camera and the subject is beyond the focus range of the camera, When a subject is close to the camera, the effective focus range is significantly narrowed.

Determine the exposure by manually setting the aperture value and the shutter speed.
Set the [REC]/[PLAYBACK] selector switch to [!], and then set the mode dial to []. Tilt the joystick towards 3/4/2/1 to set the aperture value and the shutter speed.
Focus can be set manually when [

(P86) ] is displaying.

Press the shutter button halfway.
The manual exposure assistance A appears for Set the aperture value and the shutter speed again
when the exposure is not adequate. about 10 seconds to indicate the exposure.

Take the picture.

Manual Exposure Assistance The exposure is adequate. Set to faster shutter speed or larger aperture value.
Set to slower shutter speed or smaller aperture value.
The manual exposure assistance is an approximation. We recommend checking the pictures
after taking them using the review function.

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Note Refer to P85 for the available aperture values and the shutter speed. The brightness of the LCD monitor/Viewfinder may differ from the brightness of the actual If the exposure is not adequate, the aperture value and the shutter speed turn red when the [ ] for flash cannot be set. The [SENSITIVITY] is automatically set to [ISO100] when you switch the recording mode to
Manual exposure while the [SENSITIVITY] is set to [AUTO]. shutter button is pressed halfway. pictures. Check the pictures using the review function or playback mode.

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Aperture Value and Shutter Speed
Aperture-priority AE Available Aperture Value (Per 1/3 EV) F8.0 F7.1 F5.0 F3.6 Shutter-priority AE Available Shutter Speed (Sec) (Per 1/3 EV) 8 2.5 1/1.3 1/4 1/13 1/40 1/125 1/2 1/1.6 1/5 1/15 1/50 1/160 1/1.6 1/2 1/6 1/20 1/60 1/200 1/640 1/1300 1/1600 1/2000 Manual exposure Available Aperture Value (Per 1/3 EV) F2.8 to F3.6 F4.0 to F5.0 F5.6 to F7.1 F8.0 Available Shutter Speed (Sec) (Per 1/3 EV) 60 to 1/to 1/to 1/to 1/1.3 1/2.5 1/8 1/25 1/80 1/250 1/800 3.1/3.2 1/10 1/30 1/100 1/320 1/1000 F4.0 to F8.0 F5.6 to F8.0 F8.0 F2.8 to F8.0 Aperture Value F6.3 F4.5 F3.2 F5.6 F4.0 F2.8 Shutter Speed (Sec) 8 to 1/to 1/to 1/to 1/1000
Note The aperture values given in the table above are values when the zoom lever is rotated to Depending on the zoom magnification, some of the aperture values cannot be selected.

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Taking Pictures with Manual Focus
Use this function when you want to fix the focus or when the distance between the lens and the subject is determined and you do not want to activate auto focus.
Press and hold [AF/MF] until the focus range is displayed
] is displayed while in manual focus mode. Press and hold [AF/MF] again to cancel the manual focus mode.
Tilt the joystick towards 3/4 to focus on the subject.
A Focus range B MF assistance MF assistance disappears about 2 seconds after Focus range disappears about 5 seconds after you

stop operating the joystick. you stop operating the joystick.

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MF ASSIST
If you tilt the joystick towards 3/4 when [MF ASSIST] is set to [MF1] or [MF2], MF assistance is activated and the screen is enlarged. This allows you to focus on the subject more easily.
Select [MF ASSIST] on the [SETUP] menu. (P29) Press 3/4 to select [MF1] or [MF2] and then press [MENU/SET].
[MF1] The centre of the screen is enlarged. You can adjust the focus while determining the composition of the whole of the screen. [MF2] The centre of the screen is enlarged over the whole screen. This is convenient for adjusting the focus in wide angle shots for which changes in focus are difficult to grasp. [OFF] The screen is not enlarged.
You can also press the shutter button halfway to finish. Changing the zoom area The magnified area can be changed while the screen is expanded using MF Assist. This is convenient when you want to change the focus position to take pictures. 1 Display MF Assist with 3/4 on the joystick. 2 Change the area to be expanded with the cursor buttons 3/4/2/1. 3 Press [MENU/SET] to set. The following will return the MF assistance to
the original position. Changing the picture size or aspect. Turning the camera off.

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Technique for Manual focus 1 Focus by tilting the joystick toward 3/4. 2 Tilt it a little more in the same direction. 3 Tilt the joystick in the opposite direction to finely focus on the subject.
Prefocus This is a technique for focusing in advance on the point the pictures will be taken when it is difficult to focus on the subject with auto focus due to its quick motion. (e.g. [PANNING] (P102) in scene mode) This function is suitable when the distance between the camera and the subject is certain. One shot AF You can focus on the subject with auto focus by selecting [MF] with [AF/MF] button and then pressing [AF#/FOCUS] switch button. This is convenient for prefocus. Note You can also use manual focus while in motion picture mode, but the focus cannot be adjusted If you focus on the subject in Wide and then rotate the zoom lever to Tele, the focus may not be The MF assistance does not appear when using the digital zoom. The distance to the subject displayed on the screen in manual focus is an approximation of the After cancelling power save mode, focus on the subject again.

(7.5M) (5.5M (3.5M (2M ) ) ) 3648k2056 pixels 3072k1728 pixels 2560k1440 pixels 1920k1080 pixels

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Note EZ is an abbreviation of Extra optical Zoom. A digital picture is made of numerous dots called pixels. The
higher the numbers of pixels, the finer the picture will be when it is printed on a large piece of paper or displayed on a PC monitor. A Many pixels (Fine) B Few pixels (Rough) These pictures are examples to show the effect. If you change the aspect ratio, set the picture size again. The extra optical zoom does not work in [HIGH SENS.], [HI-SPEED BURST], [FLASH BURST], [PIN HOLE], or [FILM GRAIN] in scene mode so the picture size for [ ] is not displayed. Pictures may appear mosaic depending on the subject and the recording conditions. Refer to P206 for information about the number of recordable pictures.

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[QUALITY]
For details on [REC] mode menu settings, refer to P29. Set the compression rate at which the pictures are to be stored. Applicable modes: [A]: []: [ [ Fine (when giving priority to the picture quality) Standard (when using the standard picture quality and increasing the number of pictures to be recorded without changing the number of pixels)
]: RAW file (When the image is to be edited with a PC in high quality)1 ]: RAWiJPEG file: (In addition to the [RAW] settings, a standard-equivalent JPEG image is simultaneously created.)2
1 It is fixed to maximum recordable pixels of each aspect ratio ( , , ). 2 If you delete a RAW file from the camera, the corresponding JPEG image will also be deleted.
Note If a RAW picture is recorded with the built-in memory, it will take time to write the picture data. Refer to P206 for information about the number of recordable pictures. You can enjoy more advanced picture editing if you use RAW files. You can save RAW files in a
file format (JPEG, TIFF etc.) that can be displayed on your PC etc., develop them and edit them using the software SILKYPIX Developer Studio by Ichikawa Soft Laboratory on the CD-ROM (supplied). [ ] images are recorded with a smaller data volume than [ ]. The following [PLAYBACK] mode menu can be used for [ ] or [ ]. [CALENDAR] [ROTATE] [PROTECT]

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[ASPECT RATIO]
For details on [REC] mode menu settings, refer to P29. This allows you to select the aspect ratio of the pictures to suit printing or the playback method. Applicable modes: [X]: [ASPECT RATIO] of a 4:3 TV [Y]: [ASPECT RATIO] of a 35 mm film camera [W]: [ASPECT RATIO] of a high-definition TV, etc.

[X] [Y] [W]

Note The ends of the recorded pictures may be cut at printing so check before printing. (P203)

[INTELLIGENT ISO]

For details on [REC] mode menu settings, refer to P29. The camera automatically sets the optimum ISO sensitivity and shutter speed to suit the movement of the subject and brightness of the scene to minimize the jitter of the subject. Applicable modes: [OFF]/[ON] Note Refer to P69 for the flash range. Depending on the brightness and how fast the subject is moving, jitter may not be avoided. Movements may not be detected when a moving subject is small, when a moving subject is at
the edge of the screen or when a subject has moved at the very moment when the shutter button was pressed fully. The maximum ISO sensitivity will be set to the value set in [ISO LIMIT SET] when set to [ON]. When the [ISO LIMIT SET] is set to [AUTO], it will be set automatically within the range up to [ISO800] depending on the brightness.

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[SENSITIVITY]
For details on [REC] mode menu settings, refer to P29. This allows the sensitivity to light (ISO sensitivity) to be set. Setting to a higher figure enables pictures to be taken even in dark places without the resulting pictures coming out dark. Applicable modes: [AUTO]/[100]/[200]/[400]/[800]/[1600]
ISO sensitivity Recording location (recommended) Shutter speed Noise 100 When it is light (outdoors) Slow Less 1600 When it is dark Fast Increased
Note When setting to [AUTO], the ISO sensitivity is automatically adjusted to a maximum of value set ISO sensitivity will adjust automatically depending on brightness within the maximum setting of The setting is not available when [INTELLIGENT ISO] is being used. ([ ] is displayed.) If picture noise becomes a problem, we recommend that you take pictures after lowering the
maximum ISO sensitivity level, increasing the setting for [NOISE REDUCTION] under [PICT.ADJ.], or lowering the setting for each of the items other than [NOISE REDUCTION]. (P132) [ISO400] ([ISO800] when the flash is used) when [AUTO] is selected for [ISO LIMIT SET]. with [ISO LIMIT SET].

[ISO LIMIT SET]

For details on [REC] mode menu settings, refer to P29. It will select optimal ISO sensitivity with set value as limit depending on the brightness of the subject. Applicable modes: [AUTO]/[200]/[400]/[800]/[1600] Note The upper limit of the ISO sensitivity can be set. The higher the value set for the ISO sensitivity, the more the jitter is reduced but the greater the It will work when the [SENSITIVITY] is set to [AUTO] or [INTELLIGENT ISO] is set to [ON].

Motion pictures Press 2/1 to select a picture with a motion picture icon (such as [ ]), and then press 3 to play back.
A The motion picture recording time B Motion picture icon C Motion picture playback icon After playback starts, the elapsed playback time is displayed on the upper right of the screen. For example, 8 minutes and 30 seconds is displayed as [8m30s].
Operations performed during motion picture playback The cursor displayed during playback is the same as 3/4/2/1.
A B C D Play/Pause Stop Fast rewind, Frame-by-frame rewind Fast forward, Frame-by-frame forward These operations can be performed only in the pause mode.
Pictures with audio Press 2/1 to select a picture with the audio icon [ and then press 3 to play back.
A Audio icon Refer to [AUDIO REC.] (P134) and [AUDIO DUB.] (P161) for information about how to create still pictures with audio.
Note Sound can be heard through the speaker. Refer to [VOLUME] (P33) for information about how The file format that can be played back with this camera is QuickTime Motion JPEG. Please note that the bundled software includes QuickTime to play back motion picture files Some QuickTime Motion JPEG files recorded by a PC or other equipment may not play back If you play back motion pictures that have been recorded with other equipment, the picture Motion picture with audio recorded on other cameras might not play on this unit. When using a high capacity card, it is possible that fast rewinding may be slower than usual.
quality may deteriorate or the pictures may not play back. on the camera. created with the camera on the PC. to adjust the volume in the [SETUP] menu.

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Creating still pictures from a motion picture
You can create a single still picture (with 1 screen or 9 screens) from a recorded motion picture. This is effective in moving scenes when you want to look carefully at the movement of a sportsperson etc.
Press 3 to pause motion picture playback.
To save the displayed image as 1 picture > go to step 3 To save the motion picture as 1 picture with 9 screens > go to

[SINGLE]

[MULTI]
Press 2/1 to [MULTI] setting select the picture. Press [DISPLAY] to set (repeat), and then press [MENU/SET] to set. The setting is cancelled when [DISPLAY] is pressed again.
Press 3/4/2/1 to select the pictures.
Press 3/4/2/1 to select text and then press [MENU/SET] to register.
Press [DISPLAY] to switch text between [A] (capitals), [a] (small The cursor at the entry position can be moved to the left with To enter a blank, move the cursor to [SPACE] or to delete an entered character, move To stop editing at any time during text entry, press []. A maximum of 30 characters can be entered.
the cursor to [DELETE], and press [MENU/SET]. [L], and to the right with [Z]. case) and [&/1] (special characters and numbers).
Press 3/4/2/1 to move the cursor to [EXIT] and then press [MENU/ SET] to end text input. Press [] to return to the menu screen.
The menu screen is automatically restored when [MULTI] is selected. Press [MENU/SET] to close the menu.

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Delete the title [SINGLE] setting 1 In step 4 when [SINGLE] (P148) is selected, delete all the texts, select [EXIT], and press [MENU/SET]. 2 Press []. 3 Press [MENU/SET] to close the menu. [MULTI] setting 1 In step 4, delete all the texts, select [EXIT], and press [MENU/SET]. 2 Press [MENU/SET] to close the menu. Note Text can be scrolled if all of the registered text does not fit on the screen. The name setting of [BABY1]/[BABY2] or [PET] in scene mode or [LOCATION] in travel date The name setting of [BABY1]/[BABY2] or [PET] in scene mode, [LOCATION] in travel date and You can print out texts (comments) using the PHOTOfunSTUDIO-viewer- bundled software You can set up to 50 pictures at one time with [MULTI]. You cannot use titles edit for pictures taken with other equipment.
on the CD-ROM (supplied). [TITLE EDIT] cannot be registered at the same time. can also be registered by using the operation in steps 4 and following.

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[TEXT STAMP]
You can stamp the recording date/time, age, travel date or title onto the recorded pictures. It is suitable for regular size printing. (Pictures with a picture size larger than [ ] will be resized when stamping the date etc. on them.)
Select [TEXT STAMP] on the [PLAYBACK] mode menu. (P29) Press 3/4 to select [SINGLE] or [MULTI] and then press [MENU/SET].
[] appears on screen if the picture is

stamped with text.

[MULTI] setting Press [DISPLAY] to set (repeat), and then press [MENU/SET] to set. Press 2/1 to select the picture. The setting is cancelled when
[DISPLAY] is pressed again.
Press 3/4/2/1 to select [SHOOTING DATE], [AGE], [TRAVEL DATE] or [TITLE] and then press [MENU/SET] to set each item.
[SHOOTING DATE] [W/OTIME]: [WITHTIME]: Stamp the year, month and date. Stamp the year, month, day, hour and minutes.

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Troubleshooting
First, try out the following procedures (P195205). If the problem is not resolved, it may be improved by selecting [RESET] (P37) on the [SETUP] menu when taking pictures.

Battery and power source

The camera cannot be operated even when it is turned on. The battery is not inserted correctly. (P22) The battery is exhausted. Charge the battery. The LCD monitor turns off while the camera is turned on. Is the display set to Viewfinder?
> Press [EVF/LCD] to switch to the LCD monitor.
Is [AUTO LCD OFF] (P35) of the [ECONOMY] mode active? The battery is exhausted. Charge the battery.
> Press the shutter button halfway to cancel these modes.
The camera turns off immediately after it is turned on. The battery is exhausted. Charge the battery. If you leave the camera on, the battery will be exhausted. The [CHARGE] lamp flashes. Is the temperature of the battery excessively high or low? If it is, it will take longer than usual to Are the terminals of the charger or battery dirty?
> Wipe off the dirt using a dry cloth. charge the battery or charging may remain incomplete.
> Turn the camera off frequently by using the [ECONOMY] mode etc. (P35)

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Recording
The picture cannot be recorded. Is the [REC]/[PLAYBACK] selector switch at the [!] setting? (P28) Is the mode dial correctly set? Is there any memory remaining on the built-in memory or the card? The recorded picture is whitish. The picture can become whitish if there is dirt e.g. fingerprints on the lens.
> If the lens is dirty, turn the camera off, retract the lens barrel (P12) and gently wipe the lens surface with a soft dry cloth.
> Delete the pictures which are not necessary to increase the available memory. (P60)
The area around where the pictures were taken becomes dark. Was this picture taken with the flash at the close range when the zoom is near [W] (1k)?
> Zoom in a little, and then take the pictures. (P53) > Is this a picture taken in [PIN HOLE] in scene mode?
The recorded picture is too bright or dark. Setting the [MIN. SHTR SPEED] to faster speed might make the picture darker.
> Set the [MIN. SHTR SPEED] to slower speed. > Check that the exposure is correctly compensated. (P76)
2 or 3 pictures are taken at one time.
> Set auto bracket (P77), colour bracket (P78), [HI-SPEED BURST], [FLASH BURST] in scene mode (P100, 101), or the burst mode (P79) to [OFF]. Is the self-timer (P74) set to [10S/3PICTURES]?

The recorded pictures are not displayed. Has [CATEGORY PLAY] or [FAVORITE PLAY] been set for playback?
> Change to [NORMAL PLAY]. (P56)
The folder number and the file number are displayed as [] and the screen turns black. Is this a non-standard picture, a picture which has been edited using a PC or a picture which Did you remove the battery immediately after picture-taking or did you take the picture using a
battery with a low remaining charge? > Format the data to delete the pictures mentioned above. (P38) was taken by another make of digital camera?
(Other pictures will be deleted as well and it will not be possible to restore them. Therefore, check well before formatting.)
With a calendar search, pictures are displayed on dates differing from the actual dates on which the pictures were taken. Is the clock in the camera set properly? (P26) When pictures edited using a PC or pictures taken by other equipment are searched, they may
be displayed on dates differing from the actual dates on which the pictures were taken.

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White round spots like soap bubbles appear on the recorded picture. If you take a picture with the flash in a dark place or indoors, white
round spots may appear on the picture caused by the flash reflecting of particles of dust in the air. This is not a malfunction. A characteristic of this is that the number of round spots and their position differ in every picture.
[THUMBNAIL IS DISPLAYED] appears on the screen. Is it a picture that has been recorded with other equipment? In such cases, these pictures may
be displayed with a deteriorated picture quality.
A clicking sound is recorded in the motion pictures. This unit automatically adjusts the aperture during motion picture recording. At such times, a
clicking sound is heard, and this sound may be recorded on the motion pictures. This is not a malfunction.

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TV, PC and printer
The picture does not appear on the television. Is the camera connected to the TV correctly? Output from the [COMPONENT OUT] socket is not possible when it is connected to the PC or

the printer. > Connect it only to the TV. > Set the TV input to external input mode.
The display areas on the TV screen and the cameras LCD monitor are different. Depending on the TV model, the pictures may be extended horizontally or vertically or they
may be displayed with their edges cut off.
The motion pictures cannot be played back on a TV. Are you trying to play back the motion pictures by directly inserting the card in the card slot of
the TV? > Connect the camera to the TV with the AV cable (supplied), or with the component cable (DMW-HDC2; optional), and then play back the motion pictures on the camera. (P172, 174)
The picture is not displayed fully on the TV.
> Check [TV ASPECT] setting. (P38)
The picture cannot be transferred when the camera is connected to a PC. Is the camera connected to the PC correctly? Is the camera recognised by the PC correctly?
> Set to [PC] in [USB MODE]. (P37, 163)
The card is not recognised by the PC. (The built-in memory is recognised.)
> Disconnect the USB connection cable. Connect it again while the card is inserted in the camera.
The picture cannot be printed when the camera is connected to a printer. Pictures cannot be printed using a printer which does not support PictBridge.
> Set to [PictBridge(PTP)] in [USB MODE]. (P37, 166)
The ends of the pictures are cut at printing.
> When using a printer with a trimming or borderless printing function, cancel this function before printing. (For details, refer to the operating instructions for the printer.) > When you order photo studios to print pictures, ask the photo studio if the pictures can be printed with both ends.

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An unreadable language was selected by mistake.
> Press [MENU/SET], select the [SETUP] menu icon [ the desired language. (P39) ] and then select the [~] icon to set
A red lamp sometimes turns on when the shutter button is pressed halfway. In dark places, the AF assist lamp (P135) lights red to make it easier to focus on a subject. Part of the picture is flashing in black and white. This is a highlight function showing the white saturated area. (P34) Is the [HIGHLIGHT] set to [ON]? The AF assist lamp does not turn on. Is [AF ASSIST LAMP] on the [REC] mode menu set to [ON]? (P135) The AF assist lamp does not turn on in bright places. The camera becomes warm. The surface of the camera may become warm during use. This does not affect the performance

CIGemNewsFall2009ISSN08463611GEMMOLOGYCANADAWolfKuehn,F.G.G.,F.G.A.,Editor
TheQuarterlyNewsletteroftheCanadianInstituteofGemmology(C.I.G.)

MacroPhotography

OvertheyearsIhaveexperimentedwithvarioussetupstogetaquickimageofaninclusionoradecentcloseupofagemstone.AfterstudyingBob'sRockShopProduct ReviewontheRaynoxVideoMicroExplorerandreadingJameySwishersexcellentsuggestionsathisGemstonePhotography:FactandFictionandPhotographyHelpthe followingideaspresentalowcostportablesolutionfortopqualitymicrophotographyofgems. AsIhadalreadytheRaynoxVideoExplorerandthePanasonicDMCFZ28(uponJamey'srecommendations)IonlyneededtopurchaseanotherSuperMacro ConversionLensMSN202withadaptorprovidinganadditional4xmacrolens.ThismountseasilyontotheextensiontubeoftheDMCFZ28whichhasproducedthe bestimageryofgemstonesandinclusionsformesofar. ForilluminationIusethebuiltinfluorescentlightinthebaseoftheexplorerand/oraSchottflexiblefibreopticsringlightwhichisconnectedtoaMicroLightFL3000 with150Whalogenbulbanddirectlyattachedtothemacrolens.Onecanseethereflectionoftheringlightinthephotobelow.
ForimmersionphotographyItrytouseanimmersiondishwithaliquidclosetotheR.I.ofthestone.Thefollowingimagesofanemeraldweretaken(fromlefttoright) withbaselightonly,baselightandilluminationfromringlight.Afluxgrownsyntheticruby(Kashan)ina"dry"setupusingthebaselightonly(magnification40x).
Thesamesetupcanbeusedforcloseupphotographythemacroconversionlenshastobeexchangedforthe35xmicrolensfromtheoriginalvideoexplorer.Forthe followingshotsofvariousgemsIusedanOttLiteTrueColorfliplight.TheseimagesareshownasItookthemIdidnotenhancethemnorcropthem.
Thesamesetupcanbeusedforcloseupphotographythemacroconversionlenshastobeexchangedforthe35xmicrolensfromtheoriginalvideoexplorer.Forthe followingshotsofvariousgemsIusedanOttLiteTrueColorfliplight.TheseimagesareshownasItookthemIdidnotenhancethemnorcropthem.
ThePanasonicFZ28isaversatilecameraandthesuperioropticsoftheRaynormicro/macrolensesintheabovesetupproduceimageswhichmatchresultsfroma professionalgemmicroscopeittakesverylittletimetotakeapictureandthesystemisportable.
TablesofGemstoneIdentification
BirgitGuenther,F.G.G.,F.G.A.,G.G.hasannouncedthe3rdandupdatededition(firstpublished1981)ofherbilingualtext"TablesofGemstone Identification/BestimmungstabellenfuerEdelsteineSynthesenImitationen(inEnglishandGerman)". Thebookhas256pagesandcontains135colouredspectra.Price87.50Euros.Pleaseorderthebookdirectlyfromtheauthor. IhaveusedtheTablesofGemstoneIdentificationfrequentlyduringthelast35years.Thisneweditionishighlyrecommended.
UVLEDs,Lasersandothergadgets
Pricesforelectronicequipmentarefallingrapidlyandmanygemmologistsareconsideringthepurchaseofa greenorbluelaserpointertoconductgemtesting.ThesetoolsareindeedveryinterestingbutIhaveanumberof reservations.Inmyopinionalaserpointershouldbeusedforwhatitisdesignedfor:inanauditoriumduringa presentation.Thegreenlaserisfarmorepowerfulthantheredoneandwiththebluelaseronecanburnapiece ofpaperatadistance. Idonotrecommendthemforusebygemmologistsforthefollowingreasons:Greenandviolet/bluelaserpointers emitting5mWormorearedangerousfortheeye.Itisabsolutelynecessarytoweartheproperprotectivegear whenaimingalaserpointeratreflectivesurfacesusingitthroughamicroscopeincreasestheriskofpermanent eyedamage. Wearingtheprotectivegearitismoredifficulttoseesubtlefluorescencereactionsthoughthefilterwillremove thedangerousradiationoftheexcitationsource(that'swhatthegogglesaremadefor).However,togetuseful dataafiberopticspectrometerwillbenecessary.Digitalcamerasorinfraredwebcams,etc.canbedamaged bygreenandbluelasers(whatisthecriticalangleofsilicon?). Lasersarebestlefttoresearchlabswheretheyareusedforluminescencestudiesandtomographyprojects. AmuchbetteralternativearetheUVLEDswhicharenowavailableintheSWrangeatlowerprices(around$100)andwithhigheroutput.SWUVLEDsareusedwith increasingdemandinhealthcare(sanitationequipment),waterpurification,dentalapplications(orcuringwindshieldrepairresins)etc.Forworkwiththemicroscopeor spectroscopespecialfibersareneeded.Seeforrelatedproducts. AsanewLWstandardIrecommendtheNichia365nmUVLEDFlashlightitproducestheilineofthemercuryspectrumandsellsforaround$50.SeeNichiaPress Releaseorifyouwanttobuildyourownusingastronger365nmchipvisitcandlepowerforums.com The254nmUVLEDsareavailablebutnotinaflashlightorseparateprobeasyet. IhavetestedthecommonUVLEDswithaUVmeterandtheradiationlevelislowerthanthatofaSWmercurylampregularcoatedeyeglassesappeartooffer sufficientprotection.However,UVfilter(orangeeyetype)protectionglassesareneededforthestrongerNichias.
AsanewLWstandardIrecommendtheNichia365nmUVLEDFlashlightitproducestheilineofthemercuryspectrumandsellsforaround$50.SeeNichiaPress Releaseorifyouwanttobuildyourownusingastronger365nmchipvisitcandlepowerforums.com The254nmUVLEDsareavailablebutnotinaflashlightorseparateprobeasyet. IhavetestedthecommonUVLEDswithaUVmeterandtheradiationlevelislowerthanthatofaSWmercurylampregularcoatedeyeglassesappeartooffer sufficientprotection.However,UVfilter(orangeeyetype)protectionglassesareneededforthestrongerNichias. IhighlyrecommendtheuseofUVLEDsasanewexcitationsourceforluminescencestudies.SeeUVLEDsSettingaNewStandardforFluorescenceObservations (fromGIT2008,Bangkok,ThailandProceedings).Withinthenext6monthsweshouldhaveaprototypesetupforSWandLWLEDstestinginourGemlabResearch& Technologylab.

ImmersionSpectroscopy

Wehaveexperimentedusingvariousimmersionliquidstoimprovethequalityofspectras.Theopticalartifactscausedbythe cutofthestoneareeliminatedbysuspendingitinabathofliquidwitharefractiveindexthatmatchesthatofthestone. Ifollowedcloselythe"TechniqueforUVvisibleNIRMicrospectralAnalysisofGemsbyCRAICTechnologies".Thefull articlecanbereadhere. Thechoiceoftheimmersionliquidplaysanimportantroleintheresultsobtainedfromthespectrometer.Glycerinmaybean effectiveimmersionliquidforthispurposethoughitmaynotmatchtheRIofthestoneclosely.Asaconsequencethesignal tonoiseratiowaslowerandspectralartifactsmaystillappearhowever,glycerindoesnotdegradeovertimeandhasa spectralrangewhichextendsdeepintotheultravioletregion,itiswatersolubleandcaneasilyberemovedfromthe gemstone.
TheuseofanOceanOpticsNIR2562.5spectrometerforgemidentification.
WehavejuststartedsomeresearchintothefeasibilityofNIRspectrometersingemidentification.NearinfraredSpectroscopy(NIRS)ismolecularspectroscopyandhas beenneglectedinfavourofcolourimetry,midinfraredspectroscopyandtechniquesbasedonotherspecialregions.TheprimaryadvantageoftheNIRregionisthat absorbenciesarelowerthaninneighbouringregionsandgenerallyobeytheBeer/Lambertlaw,i.e.,absorbanceincreaseslinearlywithconcentration.ThisisbecauseNIR absorptionsaregenerally10100timesweakerinintensitythanthefundamentalmidIRabsorptionbands.Acrucialstepinachievingsuccessisensuringthatthesamples havebeenanalyzedasaccuratelyandpreciselyasconventionaltechniquesallowtheseanalysesaretermedreferenceanalyses.Forgemmaterialsthiswillrequire calibrationsforaselectgroupofspecimensuchasemeraldoncecalibrationsareobtainedunlikemostconventionalanalyticalmethods,NIRSisnondestructive,requires littleornosamplepreparation,doesnotusechemicalsandcanbeoperatedbynonchemists. Thefollowingabsorptionspectrumwasobtainedfromasyntheticfluxgrownemeraldinairandinanimmersionliquid(R=1.65).
CasebeforeHumanRightsTribunaldismissed
FormerC.I.G.studentAugustoDuminucofiledacomplaintagainsttheCanadianInstituteofGemmologybeforetheBritishColumbiaHumanRightsTribunal.An applicationtodismissthecomplaintwasnotgranted(seedecisiondatedOctober1,2008 ).However,thecomplaintwaswithdrawnafewweeksbeforethe scheduled2daypublichearinginSeptember. Thisactionhascostnotonlytheschoolbutalsothetaxpayerasubstantialamountofmoney.IamgladitisoverandIwanttothankallofyouwhohavesupportedme fromtheverybeginning.

OtherNews

IntheC.I.G.NewsBulletinIoftenlinktowebsiteswheredifferingviewsareofferedthisallowsreaderstoformtheirownopinions.Therearealwaysongoingreports abouttheAndesine/Lasazinesaga,theParaibaandtourmalinecontroversyandothertopics.Inoneofthemorerecentstudiesdoneonandesine(seeGIASpecialIssueon RedFeldspar),however,acommentbyoneoftheresearchersstruckme:"Anyreasonableperson,seeingonlytheevidencefromthemine,wouldconcludethesitemust

Thisactionhascostnotonlytheschoolbutalsothetaxpayerasubstantialamountofmoney.IamgladitisoverandIwanttothankallofyouwhohavesupportedme fromtheverybeginning.
IntheC.I.G.NewsBulletinIoftenlinktowebsiteswheredifferingviewsareofferedthisallowsreaderstoformtheirownopinions.Therearealwaysongoingreports abouttheAndesine/Lasazinesaga,theParaibaandtourmalinecontroversyandothertopics.Inoneofthemorerecentstudiesdoneonandesine(seeGIASpecialIssueon RedFeldspar),however,acommentbyoneoftheresearchersstruckme:"Anyreasonableperson,seeingonlytheevidencefromthemine,wouldconcludethesitemust bereal."IfI'dgivensimilaradvisetothenumerouscallerswhoinherited"Alexandrite"fromagreatgreatuncleinTsaristRussiaandclaim"itmustbegenuine"Icouldfilla museumdisplaybynow.Aprofessionalgemmologistshouldalwaysbelookingfordirectevidenceandnottrustcircumstantialevidenceprovidedbyathirdparty.Toget tothetruthintheandesine/lasazinecaseanindependentteamofgeologistswillhavetotraveltoTibetandinspecttheallegedminesource. ForcomprehensiveinformationabouttherealOregonSunstonegotoWelcometoPlushSunstone. JustforfunIusedtheFZ28toproduceashortYouTubemovieofasyntheticredspinelcrystal(1993,Russianproduction).
AccreditedGemmologist(C.I.G.) ProfessionalDevelopmentProgram VancouverC.I.G.coursesandworkshopsFall2009
IntroductiontoDiamondsPLEASEREGISTERBYOctober10Moreinfohere
Course1303(IntroductiontoDiamonds),Fri,October23,6:159:00p.m.,Sat/Sun,October24/25,10a.m4:30p.m.(weekendclass,Vancouver)$495 includestextbookandexamfee(noGST),studymaterialswithbinderwillbeshippeduponregistration
Inthiscourseyouwilllearneverythingyouneedtoknowaboutdiamonds.Sellmoreandanswercustomerquestionswithconfidence.Introductiontodiamondgradingand jewelleryfashion.
CourseContent:1.Diamonds.Howtheyarecreated.2.TheBeautyofDiamonds3.WeightandColourofDiamonds.4.JudgingtheClarityofDiamonds.5.JudgingtheCutofDiamonds.6. DiamondorImitation?Gold,Platinum.7.ChoosinganAppropriateStyle.8.ChoosingaDiamondRing,JudgingCraftmanship.
Pearls,OpalandJadePLEASEREGISTERBYOctober30Moreinfohere
Course1602Fri,November6,6:159:00p.m.,Sat/Sun,November7/8,10a.m4:30p.m.(weekendclass,Vancouver)$495includestextbookandexamfee (noGST),studymaterialswithbinderwillbeshippeduponregistration
Inthiscourseyouwilllearnaboutpearltypesandshapes,howtojudgeluster,thickness,colourandsizeofpearls.TheidentificationandevaluationofSouthSea,black andfreshwaterpearlsandotherorganicgemsarealsocovered.Therewillbeonesessiononopalanditsevaluation.Anothersessionwillcoverthejadesorientaljadeite andnephrite. FormoreinformationaboutVancouvercoursesgohere. Wehavereducedthepriceforseveralbookstoclearourinventory.GotoSpecialsorvisit PastissuesofC.I.GemNews:Clickontheeditionyouwanttoread: December21,2009. BooksandInstruments.

SpecialGIT2008editionSpring2009Summer2009.Thenextnewsletterwillbepublished
TosubscribeotherinterestedpeopletoCIGemNewssendanemailtoCIGemNews Wewillneveruseoursubscriberemailaddressesforanythingbutournewsletter.ToUNSUBSCRIBEtoournewsletter,clickHERE Unlessindicatedotherwiseimages2009J.WolfKuehnandCanadianInstituteofGemmology.Usersmaydownloadimagesfortheirownprivate,noncommercialuse. ThearticlesinCIGemNewsexpresstheopinionsoftheeditoranddonotnecessarilyreflectthoseoftheCanadianInstituteofGemmology(C.I.G.).The includedlinksareprovidedforeducationalpurposes.Copyrightandcontentresponsibilityremainswiththelinkedorganizationanddonotrepresentany endorsementbytheauthor. ThedesignationACCREDITEDGEMMOLOGIST(C.I.G.) isaregisteredcertificationmark (seeIndustryCanada,CanadianIntellectualPropertyOffice) andrequiresauserlicenceforbusinessuse.TheannualuserfeefordiplomaandC.I.G.Expertcertificateholdersispresently$100.Itincludesamembership intheGemConnoisseurClub