Instant WirelessTM Series
Wireless USB Network Adapter
Use this Guide to install WUSB11

User Guide

COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Copyright 2001 Linksys, All Rights Reserved. Instant Wireless is a registered trademark of Linksys. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand names are the property of their respective proprietors. LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter is free from physical defects in material and workmanship under normal use for one year from the date of purchase. If these products prove defective during this warranty period, call Linksys Customer Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization Number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. When returning a product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include your original proof of purchase. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT. Linksys makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Linksys reserves the right to revise or update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623. Instruction Manual Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and use in accordance with instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures: -Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna -Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver -Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. -Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help FCC Caution: To Assure continued compliance, (Example-use only shielded interface cables when connecting to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications nor expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement This device and its antenna(s) must operate with a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. End-Users must be provided with specific operations for satisfying RF exposure compliance.

Network Topology A wireless LAN is exactly like a regular LAN, except that each computer in the LAN uses a wireless device to connect to the network. Computers in a wireless LAN must be configured to share the same frequency channel. The Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter provides access to a wired LAN for wireless workstations. An integrated wireless and wired LAN is called an Infrastructure configuration. A group of Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter users and an Access Point compose a Basic Service Set (BSS). Each PC equipped with an Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter in a BSS can talk to any computer in a wired LAN infrastructure via the Access Point. An infrastructure configuration extends the accessibility of an Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter PC to a wired LAN, and doubles the effective wireless transmission range for two Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter PCs. Since the Access Point is able to forward data within its BSS, the effective transmission range in an infrastructure LAN is doubled. The use of a unique ID in a BSS is essential. All computers that have Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter configured without roaming options in an independent BSS must be configured with a BSS ID (that is used in the BSS). The Wireless LAN Infrastructure configuration is appropriate for enterprisescale wireless access to a central database, or as a wireless application for mobile users. Roaming Infrastructure mode also supports roaming capabilities for mobile users. More than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Service Set (ESS). This continuous network allows users to roam freely within an ESS. All Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter PCs within one ESS must be configured with the same ESS ID and use the same radio channel. Before enabling an ESS with roaming capability, selecting a feasible radio channel and optimum Access Point position is recommended. Proper Access Point positioning combined with a clear radio signal will greatly enhance performance.
Package Contents for the USB Network Adapter One Instant WirelessTM USB Network Adapter One USB Cable One Driver Utility CD-ROM One Quick Installation Guide and Registration Card (not shown) System Requirements for the USB Network Adapter USB-Ready PC One free USB port Desktop or Notebook PC with CD-ROM Drive Microsoft Windows 98, 2000, or Millennium Pentium-Class 90MHz or higher Minimum 32MB RAM
Getting to Know the Wireless USB Adapter
The Wireless USB Adapters Port and LEDs The Wireless USB Adapters USB port is located on the back of the Adapter.
The Wireless USB Adapters USB port USB Port The USB Port is a port installed in your PC, enabling you to connect to USB peripherals. To work with USB ports, your PC must be running Windows 98, 2000, or Millennium. The LED Indicators Your Wireless USB Adapter comes with a USB cable that has two different types of connectors. Type A, the master connector, is shaped like a rectangle and plugs into your PCs USB port. Type B, the slave connector, resembles a square and connects to the USB port on the rear panel of your Wireless USB Network Adapter. Power Green. The Power LED lights up when the Wireless USB Network Adapter is powered on. Red. The Link LED lights up when the Adapter has an active connection. If the LED is not on, the Adapter is not interfacing with the network.

USB Type A

USB Type B
Windows 95 and NT do not support the USB Adapter.
Software and Driver Installation 1. To install your Wireless USB Network Adapter, click on the Install tab. 2. Once you see the following screen, click Next to continue.
Installation and Configuration of the USB Adapter for Windows
This Wireless USB Network Adapter Setup Utility will guide you through the Install and Uninstall Procedure for Windows 98, Millennium, and 2000.
Note: You must install this software before installation of the hardware.
Insert the Setup Utility CD into your CD-ROM Drive. The Setup Utility should run automatically and the screen shown below should appear. If it does not, click the Start button and choose Run. In the box that appears, enter D:\setup.exe (where D is the letter of your CD-ROM drive).
3. After reading to the Warranty Policy, click Yes if you agree, or No to end the installation.
The Install tab begins the software installation process, as shown on the next page. The Uninstall tab shows you how to uninstall the adapter (please see the section titled Uninstall Procedures for more information). The User Guide tab shows you a PDF file of the User Guide. The Contact Us tab links you to the Linksys website. The Exit tab allows you to the exit the Setup Utility.
4. The InstallShield Wizard will automatically choose a folder where Setup will install files. Click Next.
6. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, go on to Step 7 now. If you chose AdHoc Mode, choose the correct operating channel that applies to your network. The channel you choose should be set as the same as the other points in your wireless network. The default channel is set to Channel 6. Click Next.
5. The InstallShield Wizard will ask you to choose a wireless mode. Choose the mode that applies to your network. Ad-Hoc Mode is used for simple peer-to-peer networking or sharing of local resources between wireless Networked PCs, and Infrastructure Mode allows a wireless network to be integrated into an existing, wired network through an access point, permitting roaming between access points while maintaining a connection to all network resources. Click Next.
7. Enter in the name of your SSID for your Ad-Hoc or Infrastructure setting. The SSID must be identical for all points in the network. To join any available SSID, type ANY. The default setting is linksys (all lowercase). Click Next.

8. The Wizard will ask you to review your settings before starting to copy files. Select Back to review or change any settings, or select Next if you are satisfied with your settings.
10. Once the Wireless USB Network Adapter Configuration Utility has been successfully installed, the Wizard will ask you to restart your computer. Select Yes, I want to restart my computer now, and then click Finish to restart.
9. The InstallShield Wizard will begin copying the files. The bar in the middle of the screen below shows the percentage of files copied.
You have now completed the installation of your Wireless USB Network Adapter Configuration Utility. Please go on to the next page for information on Connecting the Wireless USB Network Adapter.

The USB Icon

Connecting Your Wireless USB Network Adapter
Note: You must install the adapters software before installation of the hardware.
The USB icon shown below marks a USB port on a PC or device.
A To install your Wireless USB Adapter, first connect one end of the USB cable to the Adapter. Then, connect the other end of the USB cable to the USB port on your desktop or notebook PC. Since the Adapter gets its power from the PCs USB port, there is no external power adapter. The Power LED should light up green when the Adapter is attached and the PC is on.
USB Cabling The Wireless USB Network Adapter comes with one USB cable. One end of the USB cable has a rectangular connector called a Type A connector. The other end of the cable has a square Type B connector. The USB cables Type B tip connects to the USB device, that is, your USB Network Adapter. The Type A end connects to a computers USB port. The picture shows two USB ports as they might appear on your computer. Note the two USB icons marking the ports. Removing the Wireless USB Network Adapter
Hardware Detection After the Wireless USB Network Adapter has been physically connected to your computer, Windows will detect the new hardware. In most cases, Windows will then automatically copy all of the files needed for networking. If Windows asks you for the files, and D is your computers CD-ROM drive, they may be located at: D:\win98 for Windows 98 D:\Win9x for Windows ME, or D:\I386 for Windows 2000. These files may also be located at C:\windows\options\cabs. Please check with your operating systems user guide for the exact location.
Note to Windows 2000 Users: You may be prompted at this time that a digital signature has not been found. Click Yes to continue, then click Finish to end the hardware detection process.

This adapter is Hot Swappable, which means that you can remove or reconnect the adapter whenever you want.
Note: If you have multiple USB ports on your PC, plug the adapter into the same port; otherwise, the adapter will be detected as a new device.
Uninstall Procedures 1. To uninstall the device driver and the Configuration Utility of the Wireless USB Network Adapter, insert the Setup Utility CD into your CD-ROM Drive. The Setup Utility should run automatically and the screen shown below should appear. If it does not, click the Start button and choose Run. In the box that appears, enter D:\setup.exe (where D is the letter of your CD-ROM drive).
3. A window will appear asking you to confirm uninstallation. Click OK to confirm.
4. Any shared files that may no longer be needed by any application will be detected. Click Yes to delete these files. The example below applies specifically to Windows 2000; each operating system may vary slightly.
5. The InstallShield Wizard will tell you that uninstallation has been completed. Click Finish to get out of the InstallShield Wizard.
2. Select the Uninstall tab in the Setup Utility. For more information on the Setup Utility, please refer to the earlier section titled Installation and Configuration of the USB Adapter for Windows.
The Wireless USB Network Adapter device driver, application, and its components have all been uninstalled.
2. Select Network USB Card from the list and click the Add button.
Installing Network Protocols
Protocols are necessary for computers to be recognized on your network. Windows 2000 users need to check their Windows User Guides for protocol installation. Installing the Network Protocols for Windows 98 and Millennium
1. From the Start Menu, select Settings and bring up the Control Panel. From the Control Panel, double-click on the Network icon.
3. Highlight Protocol and click the Add button.
Note: Before adding any network protocols, verify that the protocol is not already installed. Never install duplicate protocols.
4. Select Microsoft from the list of Manuf acturers and TCP/IP from the list of Network Protocols and click the OK button to close the Network window. Windows may start copying some files or ask you for your Windows installation files at this time. After the files are copied, Windows may ask you to restart. Click Yes to restart and complete the install process.
2. Select the Configuration tab. In the Profile box, you can enter a name for a profile, or group of settings, and change any of the settings on this page. Then, multiple profiles can be saved with different settings. These profiles allow multiple configurations for quick switching between networks, etc. Under the Wireless Mode dropbox, you may choose either Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc. Infrastructure Mode allows a wireless adapter to communicate with a wired network employing an Access Point, while the AdHoc mode allows wireless-towireless, peer-to-peer communication. If you choose Infrastructure, the SSID should have the same name as the Access Point. If you choose Ad-Hoc, all clients should share the same SSID name. You may also select which Transfer Rate you wish to use: Auto Rate or 1, 2, 5.5, or 11Mbps. Under Power Saving Mode, select Disabled for uninterrupted data communication, or Enabled to allow your PC to enter sleep mode, during which data communication could be interrupted. Click Apply Changes to save the settings.

Configuring the USB Network Adapter
After installing the Network Adapter, Windows 98, Millennium, and 2000 will automatically identify the adapter. Next, you may need to configure the adapters driver software. 1. After installing the Network USB Adapter, the Wireless USB Network Adapter Configuration Utility icon will appear on your system tray. Double-click on the icon of the green monitor in the diagram below, and the following screen will appear:
3. Select the Site Survey tab. The list on the adjacent screen shows you available Access Points and their features. Click on the desired Access Point, then click Connect to connect or Search to search for more Access Points. Click OK when you are finished.
This screen shows you the status of your current connection. Click OK to close the Configuration Utility.
4. Click on the Encryption tab. Under the drop-box, you can choose to have WEP encryption Disabled, 64- or 128- Bit. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is an encryption scheme used to protect wireless data communication. The Disabled setting prevents the sharing of data with other computers on the WEP network. When selecting Manual Entry for the WEP Key Entry, enter the hexadecimal number set by other wireless WEP settings; these settings have to be identical to the WEP encryption in order to network to your Wireless USB Network Adapter.
In order to enable 128-Bit WEP encryption, choose 128-Bits in the drop-down box. In the drop-down box near the bottom right-hand corner of the page, choose which Default Tx Key will be used for the encryption. By default, Key 1 will be used. In the box corresponding to the default you chose, enter a hexadecimal number* that the encryption algorithm will be based on. Click Apply Changes when you are done.
In order to find out the WEP encryption set by other wireless products in your network, such as the WAP11, you may run the USB utility or SNMP configuration program to check the encryption tab for the correct key entries. If you are using other access points, please check their respective user guides for more information on WEP encryption configuration. Note: In order to enable WEP encryption, hexadecimal values must be entered.
*Note: This number must match the Key on all other devices on the wireless network, or else this device will be unable to transmit or receive data.
Open System, the default setting, is when the sender and the recipi ent do not share a secret key. Each party generates its own key-pair and asks the receiver to accept the (usually randomly) generated key. Once accepted, this key is used for a short time only, then a new key is generated and agreed upon. Even if the secret key is discovered, only a small amount of data may be decrypted. The Preamble Mode should be set to Long (if in a noisy network environment), Short (if the environment is clear), or click OK to complete the configuration.

Note: In most cases, you will not need to change these settings.
5. The Advanced tab allows you to set the Fragmentation Threshold, the RTS/CTS Threshold, and the Preamble Type. The Fragmentation Threshold Value indicates how much of the network resources are devoted to recovering packet errors. The value should remain at its default setting of 2,436. If you experience high packet error rates, you can decrease this value, but it will likely decrease overall network performance. Only minor modifications of this value are recommended. The RTS Threshold Value should remain at its default setting of 2,437. A preamble is a signal used to synchronize the transmission timing between two or more systems. A series of transmission pulses is sent before the data to indicate that "someone is about to transmit data". This ensures that systems receiving the information correctly interpret when the data transmission starts. Security is used for WEP only. By selecting Deny Unencrypted Data Frames, all unencrypted data will not be seen. For Authentication Type, you may choose between Open System or Shared Key. Shared Key is when both the sender and recipient share a secret key. Both units use this key for an extended length of time, sometimes indefinitely. Any eavesdropper that discovers the key may decipher all packets until the key is changed.
6. The About tab shows you copyright and version information about the driver, the configuration utility, and the firmware. The version number of the driver may vary from this screen, depending on which version was shipped with your Adapter. You can always visit www.linksys.com for the latest version of the driver. Click OK to complete the configuration.
Can I play computer games with other members of the wireless network? Yes, as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN (local area network). Refer to the game's user guide for more information. What is IEEE 802.11b standard? The IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN standards subcommittee, which is formulating a standard for the industry. The objective is to enable wireless LAN hardware from different manufacturers to communicate. What IEEE 802.11 features are supported? The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions: CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol Multi-Channel Roaming Automatic Rate Selection RTS/CTS feature Fragmentation Power Management What is Ad-hoc? An Ad-hoc wireless LAN is a group of computers, each with a WLAN adapter, connected as an independent wireless LAN. Ad hoc wireless LAN is applicable at a departmental scale for a branch or SOHO operation. What is Infrastructure? An integrated wireless and wired LAN is called an Infrastructure configuration. Infrastructure is applicable to enterprise scale for wireless access to central database, or wireless application for mobile workers. What is Roaming? Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continuously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a single Access Point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the Access Point of dedicated coverage area. To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each node and Access Point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links Access Points and nodes. In such a system, the users end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently

Troubleshooting

Common Problems and Solutions This chapter provides solutions to problems usually occurring during the installation and operation of the USB Network Adapter. Read the description below to solve your problems. If you cant find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com. 1. My computer does not recognize the Wireless USB Network Adapter. Make sure that the Wireless USB Network Adapter is properly inserted into the USB port. Also, make sure that the USB Controller is enabled in the bios. Check with your motherboard User Guide for more information. 2. The Wireless USB Network Adapter does not work properly. Reinsert the Wireless USB Network Adapter into the notebook or desktops USB port. For Windows 98 or ME, right click on My Computer and select Properties. Select the Device Manager tab and click on the Network Adapter. You will find the Wireless USB Network Adapter if it is installed successfully. If you see a yellow exclamation mark, the resources may be conflicting and you must follow the steps below: Uninstall the driver software from your PC. Restart your PC and repeat the hardware and software installation as specified in this User Guide. 3. I cannot communicate with the other computers linked via Ethernet in the Infrastructure configuration. Make sure that the notebook or desktop is powered on. Make sure that your Wireless USB Network Adapter is configured on the same channel, SSID, and WEP as the other computers in the Infrastructure configuration. Frequently Asked Questions Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the application's user guide to determine if it supports operation over a network.
being carried by each Access Point and the distance of each Access Point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the right Access Point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone. As the user moves on, the end nodes RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in touch with the original Access Point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowledgment from its original Access Point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new Access Point, it then reregisters, and the communication process continues. What is BSS ID? A specific Ad hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). Computers in a BSS must be configured with the same BSS ID. What is ESS ID? An Infrastructure configuration could also support roaming capability for mobile workers. More than one BSS can be configured as an Extended Service Set (ESS). Users within an ESS could Roam freely between BSSs while served as a continuous connection to the network wireless stations and Access Points within an ESS must be configured with the same ESS ID and the same radio channel. What is ISM band? The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. What is Spread Spectrum? Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).

What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences? Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without -the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers. Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air? WLAN features two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of scrambling. On the software side, WLAN series offer the encryption function (WEP) to enhance security and Access Control. Users can set it up depending upon their needs. Can Instant WirelessTM products support printer sharing? Instant WirelessTM products perform the same function as LAN products. Therefore, Instant WirelessTM products can work with NetWare, Windows NT/2000, or other network operating systems to support printer or file sharing. What is WEP? WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 40 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11b standard.
ESS - More than one BSS in a network. Firmware - Programming that is inserted into programmable read-only memory (programmable read-only memory), thus becoming a permanent part of a computing device. IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE describes itself as "the world's largest technical professional society -- promoting the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the wellbeing of our members." The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has many local chapters, and several large societies in special areas, such as the IEEE Computer Society. Infrastructure - An infrastructure network is a wireless network or other small network in which the wireless network devices are made a part of the network through the Access Point which connects them to the rest of the network. IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol) today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packet across the Internet. When you request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see the IP address of the Web page requester or the e-mail sender and can respond by sending another message using the IP address it received. IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, defining and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and 2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses. ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as Web site building and virtual hosting.

Glossary

Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a wireless network or other small network in which some of the network devices are part of the network only for the duration of a communications session while in some close proximity to the rest of the network. Default Gateway - The router used to forward all traffic that is not addressed to a station within the local subnet. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet's set of protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a connection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and, if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network. DHCP uses the concept of a "lease" or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It's especially useful in education and other environments where users change frequently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses. DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that need a permanent IP address. DNS - The domain name system (DNS) is the way that Internet domain name are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember "handle" for an Internet address. Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP addresses.
LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building). MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is your computer's unique hardware number. mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for logging onto IRC servers and listing, joining and leaving channels. Network Mask - also known as the Subnet Mask. Ping - (Packet INternet Groper) An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by sending out a packet and waiting for a response. Roaming - The ability to use a wireless device and be able to move from one access points range to another without losing the connection. Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a TCP/IP network. Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of subgroups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packet) that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet. TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet). When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A communications method (protocol) that offers a limited amount of service when messages are exchanged between computers in a network that uses the Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is an alternative to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and, together with IP, is sometimes referred to as UDP/IP. Like the Transmission Control Protocol, UDP uses the Internet Protocol to actually get a data unit (called a datagram) from one computer to another. Unlike TCP, however, UDP does not provide the service of dividing a message into packets (datagrams) and reassembling it at the other end. Specifically, UDP doesn't provide sequencing of the packets that the data arrives in. This means that the application program that uses UDP must be able to make sure that the entire message has arrived and is in the right order. Network applications that want to save processing time because they have very small data units to exchange (and therefore very little message reassembling to do) may prefer UDP to TCP. USB (Universal Serial Bus) - A "plug and play" interface between a computer and add-on devices (such as audio players, joysticks, keyboards, telephones, scanners, and printers). With USB, a new device can be added to your computer without having to add an adapter card or even having to turn the computer off. The USB peripheral bus standard was developed by Compaq, IBM, DEC, Intel, Microsoft, NEC, and Northern Telecom and the technology is available without charge for all computer and device vendors. USB supports a data speed of 12 megabit per second. This speed will accommodate a wide range of devices, including MPEG video devices, data gloves, and digitizers. It is anticipated that USB will easily accommodate plug-in telephones that use Integrated Services Digital Network and digital private branch exchange. Since October, 1996, the Windows operating systems have been equipped with USB driver or special software designed to work with specific I/O device types. USB is integrated into Windows 98. Today, most new computers and peripheral devices are equipped with USB. A different "plug-and-play" standard, Firewire/IEEE 1394, is designed to support much higher data rates and devices such as video camcorders and digital video disk (digital versatile disk) players. Both standards are expected to exist together, serving different device types. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11b standard.
WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying, defining and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows 95, 98, and Millennium, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.

Appendix

Specifications for the USB Network Adapter Standards: IEEE 802.11b, USB 1.0, 1.Channels (US, Canada) 13 Channels (Europe) 14 Channels (Japan)

Channels:

Operating Range: Indoor:
up to 30M (100 ft.) @ up to 11 Mbps up to 50M (165 ft.) @ up to 5.5 Mbps up to 70M (230 ft.) @ up to 2 Mbps up to 91M (300 ft.) @ up to 1 Mbps up to 152M (500 ft.) @ up to 11 Mbps up to 270M (885 ft.) @ up to 5.5 Mbps up to 396M (1300 ft.) @ up to 2 Mbps up to 475M (1500 ft.) @ up to 1 Mbps up to 11Mbps (with automatic scale back) Power, Link

Outdoor:

Data Rate (Mbps): LEDs:
Environmental Information for the USB Network Adapter Dimensions: Unit Weight: Power: 4.84 x 3.38 x 1.10 (123mm x 86mm x 28mm) 4.8 oz. (0.14 kg) 5V DC, 250mA Tx, 100mA Rx, 30mA Standby FCC Class B, CE Mark Commercial 0C to 40C (32F to 104F) -25C to 70C (-13F to 158F) 0% to 70% Non-Condensing 10% to 90% Non-Condensing

Warranty Information

BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT. LINKSYS OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER PROCESS FOR PROCESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT. LINKSYS PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE CALL LINKSYS FOR MORE DETAILS.
Certifications: Operating Temp.: Storage Temp.: Operating Hum.: Storage Hum.:

Contact Information

For help with the installation or operation of this product, contact Linksys Customer Support at one of the phone numbers or Internet addresses below. Sales Information Tech Support RMA Issues Fax Email Web FTP Site 800-546-5797 (LINKSYS) 866-242-8558 949-261-1288 949-261-8868 support@linksys.com http://www.linksys.com ftp.linksys.com
http://www.linksys.com Copyright 2001 Linksys, All Rights Reserved.

Instant Wireless Series

Wireless USB Network Adapter
Use this guide to install: WUSB11 ver. 2.6

User Guide

COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Specifications are subject to change without notice. Copyright 2003 Linksys, All Rights Reserved. Instant Wireless, Linksys, and the Linksys logo are registered trademarks of Linksys Group, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand names are the property of their respective proprietors. LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Wireless USB Network Adapter will be free from physical defects in material and workmanship under normal use for one year from the date of purchase, when used within the limits set forth in the Specifications chapter of this User Guide.
This Warranty is valid and may be processed only in the country of purchase. If the product proves defective during this warranty period, go to the Linksys website at www.linksys.com for complete RMA (Return Merchandise Authorization) assistance. You can also call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a RMA Number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCTS PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. When returning a product, mark the RMA Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges.
IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYSS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT. Linksys makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Linksys reserves the right to revise or update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623. FCC STATEMENT This Instant Wireless Wireless USB Network Adapter has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment or devices Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receivers Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications nor expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement This device and its antenna(s) must operate with a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. End-users must be provided with specific operations for satisfying RF exposure compliance.
INDUSTRY CANADA (CANADA) This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian IC-03. Cet appareil numrique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB-003 du Canada. The use of this device in a system operating either partially or completely outdoors may require the user to obtain a license for the system according to the Canadian regulations. EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY (EUROPE) Linksys Group declares that the Instant Wireless Series products included in the Instant Wireless Series conform to the specifications listed below, following the provisions of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC and Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC: ETS 301489-17, 301 489-1 General EMC requirements for Radio equipment. EN Safety ETS 300-328-2 Technical requirements for Radio equipment. Note: This equipment is intended to be used in all EU and EFTA countries. Outdoor use may be restricted to certain frequencies and/or may require a license for operation. For more details, contact Linksys Corporate Compliance. Note: Combinations of power levels and antennas resulting in a radiated power level of above 100 mW are considered as not compliant with the above mentioned directive and are not allowed for use within the European community and countries that have adopted the European R&TTE directive 1999/5/EC and/or the CEPT recommendation Rec 70.03. For more details on legal combinations of power levels and antennas, contact Linksys Corporate Compliance. Linksys Group vakuuttaa tten ett Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY, direktiivin 89/336/EEC ja direktiivin 73/23/EEC oleellisten vaatimusten ja sit koskevien niden direktiivien muiden ehtojen mukainen. Linksys Group dclare que ladaptateur rseau USB sans fil Instant Wireless est conforme aux conditions essentielles et aux dispositions relatives la directive 1999/5/EC, la directive 89/336/EEC, et la directive 73/23/EEC. Belgique B Lutilisation en extrieur est autoris sur le canal 11 (2462 MHz), 12 (2467 MHz), et 13 (2472 MHz). Dans le cas dune utilisation prive, lextrieur dun btiment, au-dessus dun espace public, aucun enregistrement nest ncessaire pour une distance de moins de 300m. Pour une distance suprieure 300m un enregistrement auprs de lIBPT est requise. Pour une utilisation publique lextrieur de btiments, une licence de lIBPT est requise. Pour les enregistrements et licences, veuillez contacter lIBPT. France F: Bande de frquence restreinte: seuls les canaux 10, 11, 12, 13 (2457, 2462, 2467, et 2472 MHz respectivement) doivent tre utiliss en France. Toute utilisation, qu'elle soit intrieure ou extrieure, est soumise autorisation. Vous pouvez contacter l'Autorit de Rgulation des Tlcommuniations (http://www.art-telecom.fr) pour la procdure suivre. France F: Restricted frequency band: only channels 10, 11, 12, 13 (2457, 2462, 2467, and 2472 MHz respectively) may be used in France. License required for every indoor and outdoor installations. Please contact ART for procedure to follow. Deutschland D: Anmeldung im Outdoor-Bereich notwending, aber nicht genehmigungspflichtig. Bitte mit Hndler die Vorgehensweise abstimmen. Germany D: License required for outdoor installations. Check with reseller for procedure to follow. Italia I: E' necessaria la concessione ministeriale anche per l'uso interno. Verificare con i rivenditori la procedura da seguire. L'uso per installazione in esterni non e' permessa. Italy I: License required for indoor use. Use with outdoor installations not allowed. the Netherlands NL License required for outdoor installations. Check with reseller for procedure to follow. Nederlands NL Licentie verplicht voor gebruik met buitenantennes. Neem contact op met verkoper voor juiste procedure.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction The Wireless USB Network Adapter Features Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network Network Topology Ad-Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless USB Network Adapter The Wireless USB Network Adapters Port and LEDs Chapter 4: Software Installation and Configuration for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000 Overview Instructions for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000 Chapter 5: Hardware Installation Connecting the Adapter Using the Adapters Wall Mount Chapter 6: Driver Installation and Configuration for Windows XP Overview Driver Installation for Windows XP Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Chapter 7: Using the WLAN Monitor for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000 Overview Starting the WLAN Monitor Link Information Site Survey Profiles Creating a New Profile 2 2
UG-WUSB11ver. 2.6-012203B JL

Chapter 1: Introduction

Appendix A: Troubleshooting Common Problems and Solutions Frequently Asked Questions Appendix B: Glossary Appendix C: Specifications Environmental Appendix D: Warranty Information Appendix E: Contact Information The Wireless USB Network Adapter Put the mobile back into mobile computing with the Linksys Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter! The Linksys Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter operates in the ISM band, using Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) transmission to implement the 802.11b standard. Users can now move easily between Access Points without the hassle of reconfiguring their connection. The Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter also gives you the freedom to work your way, from where you want, letting you take full advantage of your PC and providing you with access to all your networked resources from beyond your desktop, and a high-powered built-in antenna with LEDs that indicate power and linkage. Compatible with Windows 98SE, 2000, Me, and XP, the Instant Wireless USB Network Adapter from Linksys is a true necessity for all your wireless PC applications. Features Up to 11Mbps, High-Speed Data Transfer Rate Integrated Equalizer Recovers Weak Signals and Enhances Sensitivity Movable External Antenna Improves Signal Quality USB Port Powers Your AdapterNo Power Supply Needed! Compatible with Windows 98SE, Me, 2000, and XP User-Friendly Setup Software Provides Hassle-Free Configuration Plug-and-Play Operation Provides Easy Setup Works with All Standard Internet Applications Interoperable with 802.11b (DSSS) 2.4GHz-Compliant Equipment Capable of up to 128-bit WEP Encryption Free Software Driver Upgrades Free Technical Support24 Hours a Day, 7 Days a Week, Toll-Free US Calls 1-Year Limited Warranty
If the wireless network is relatively small and needs to share resources only with the other computers on the wireless network, then the ad-hoc mode can be used. (See Figure 2-2.) Ad-hoc mode allows computers equipped with wireless transmitters and receivers to communicate directly with each other, eliminating the need for an access point. The drawback of this mode is that, in AdHoc mode, wireless-equipped computers are not able to communicate with computers on a wired network. And, of course, communication between the wireless-equipped computers is limited by the distance and interference directly between them.

Figure 3-1 Port USB The Adapters USB port is located on the side of the Adapter. You will attach the included USB cable to this port. The other end of the cable will connect to your PCs USB port.
Figure 3-2 LED Indicators Power Green. The Power LED lights up when the Adapter is powered on. Green. The Link LED lights up when the Adapter has an active connection.

Figure 4-1

On the Welcome screen, you have the following choices: Install - Click the Install button to begin the software installation process. User Guide - Click the User Guide button to open the PDF file of this User Guide. Exit - Click the Exit button to exit the Setup Wizard. Instructions for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000 1. To install the Adapter, click the Install button on the Welcome screen. 2. After reading the License Agreement, click the Next button if you agree, or click the Cancel button to end the installation.
3. The Setup Wizard will ask you to choose a network mode. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio button if you want your wireless computers to network with computers on your wired network using a wireless access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you want multiple wireless computers to network directly with each other. In the SSID field, enter the SSID of your wireless network. The SSID must be identical for all devices in the network. The default setting is linksys (all lowercase). Click the Next button.

Figure 4-3 Figure 4-2

4. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, go to Step 5 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, select the correct operating channel for your network. The channel you choose should match the channel set on the other devices in your wireless network. Then click the Next button.
6. After the software has been successfully installed, the screen in Figure 4-6 will appear. Click the Exit button.
Figure 4-6 Figure 4-4 5. The Setup Wizard will ask you to review your settings before it starts to copy files. Click the Next button to save these settings, or click the Back button to change any settings. Proceed to Chapter 5: Hardware Installation.

Figure 4-5

2. The Power LED should light up when the Adapter is plugged in. (Make sure your PC is powered on.)
Chapter 5: Hardware Installation
Important for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000 users: You must run the Setup Wizard to install the software before installing the hardware. Important for Windows XP users: You must install the Adapters hardware before installing the software. Connecting the Adapter 1. The Adapter comes with the USB cable you will use to connect the Adapter to your PC. (See Figure 5-1.)
Figure 5-4 3. Raise the antenna. Make sure the antenna is positioned straight up into the air, at a 90 angle from the Adapter (see Figure 5-5). This will ensure optimum wireless operating range and performance.
Figure 5-5 Note: If you want to attach the Adapter onto your wall, go to the next section, Using the Adapters Wall Mount, before proceeding to the appropriate chapter for your PCs operating system. Figure 5-1 Connect one end of the USB cable to the USB port of the Adapter (see Figure 5-2). Connect the other end of the USB cable to one of the USB ports on your computer (see Figure 5-3). If your PC is running Windows XP, proceed to Chapter 6: Driver Installation and Configuration for Windows XP. If your PC is running Windows 98SE, Me, or 2000, the installation of the Wireless USB Network Adapter is complete. If you want to check the link information, search for available wireless networks, or make additional configuration changes, proceed to Chapter 7: Using the WLAN Monitor for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000. Using the Adapters Wall Mount The Adapters Wall Mount (see Figure 5-6) allows you to easily attach the Adapter onto your wall for better reception and more convenient placement.

Figure 5-2

Figure 5-3
1. Attach the separate adhesive strip of velcro to the wall that you will be mounting the Adapter. 2. To attach the Wall Mount to the Adapter, slide the Wall Mount into the grooves on the back panel of the Adapter, as shown in Steps A, B, and C. STEP A

STEP C

Figure 5-6

Figure 5-9

3. Using the velcro strip on the Adapters Wall Mount, attach the Adapter to the velcro strip on your wall.
If your PC is running Windows XP, proceed to Chapter 6: Driver Installation and Configuration for Windows XP. If your PC is running Windows 98SE, Me, or 2000, the installation of the Wireless USB Network Adapter is complete. If you want to check the link information, search for available wireless networks, or make additional configuration changes, proceed to Chapter 7: Using the WLAN Monitor for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000.

Figure 5-7 STEP B

Figure 5-8
2. Click the radio button next to Search for the best driver in these locations. Select Include this location in the search:, and enter D:\Drivers in the location field (if D is the letter of your CD-ROM drive. Then click the Next button.
Chapter 6: Driver Installation and Configuration for Windows XP
Overview After connecting the Adapter to your computer, you will install the driver and configure the Adapter. Important for Windows XP users: Do NOT run the Wireless USB Network Adapter Setup Wizard. If the Setup Wizard runs automatically after the Setup CD-ROM has been inserted, click the Exit button. Driver Installation for Windows XP 1. Windows XP will automatically detect the Adapter. Insert the Setup CDROM into your CD-ROM drive. Click the radio button next to Install from a list or specific location (Advanced). Then click the Next button.
Figure 6-2 3. When Windows has finished installing the driver, click the Finish button.
Figure 6-3 Figure 6-1 You have now completed the driver installation for the Wireless USB Network Adapter. To configure the Adapter, proceed to the next section, Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration.
Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Note for Windows XP users: Windows XP has a built-in configuration tool. Use Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration (in the system tray at the bottom of your screen) to configure the Adapter. 1. After installing the Adapter, the Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration icon will appear in your computers system tray (see Figure 6-4). Double-click the icon. Figure 6-4 Note: Steps 2 and 3 are the instructions and screenshots for Windows XP with Service Pack 1 installed. If you have not installed Service Pack 1, select the network you want, and click the Connect button. If the network has WEP encryption enabled, enter the WEP key in the Network key field, and then click the Connect button. 2. The screen that appears will show any available wireless network. Select the network you want. If this network has WEP encryption enabled, go to step 3. If this network does not have WEP encryption enabled, then Figure 6-5 will appear. Make sure the box next to Allow me to connect to the selected wireless network, even though it is not secure is checked. Then click the Connect button, and go to step 4. Figure 6-5
3. If WEP is enabled, the screen in Figure 6-6 will appear. Enter the WEP key of your wireless network in the Network key field, and re-enter it in the Confirm network key field. Then click the Connect button, and go to step 4.

Figure 6-6 Note: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration does not support the use of a passphrase. Enter the exact WEP key used by your access point. 4. The screen in Figure 6-7 will appear if your connection is active.
Figure 6-7 For more information about wireless networking on a Windows XP computer, click Start and then Help and Support. Enter the keyword wireless in the field provided, and press the Enter key. Congratulations! The installation of the Wireless USB Network Adapter is complete.
Link Information The Link Information screen displays network mode, signal strength, and link quality information about the current connection. It also provides a button to click for additional status information.
Chapter 7: Using the WLA N Monitor for Windows 98SE, Me, and 2000
Overview Use the WLAN Monitor to check the link information, search for available wireless networks, or create profiles that hold different configuration settings. Important for Windows XP users: Windows XP has a built-in configuration tool. Use the Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration (in the system tray at the bottom of your screen) to configure the Adapter. See Chapter 6: Driver Installation and Configuration for Windows XP. Accessing the WLAN Monitor After installing the Adapter, the Wireless USB Network Adapter WLAN Monitor icon will appear in your system tray. Doubleclick the icon (see Figure 7-1).
Figure 7-1 Figure 7-3 Ad-Hoc Mode or Infrastructure Mode - The screen indicates whether the Adapter is currently working in ad-hoc or infrastructure mode. Signal Strength - The Signal Strength bar indicates signal strength, from 0 to 100%. Link Quality - The Link Quality bar indicates the quality of the wireless network connection, from 0 to 100%. Click the More Information button to view additional information about the wireless network connection. Click the X (Close) button in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor.
The Link Information screen will appear. From this screen, you can find out how strong the current wireless signal is and how good the connections quality is. You can also click the More Information button to view additional status information about the current wireless connection. To search for available wireless networks, click the Site Survey tab. To perform configuration changes, click the Profiles tab.

Import - Click the Import button to import a profile that has been saved in another location. Select the appropriate file, and click the Open button.
Creating a New Profile 1. On the Profiles screen, click the New button to create a new profile.
Figure 7-8 Export - Select the profile you want to save in a different location, and click the Export button. Direct Windows to the appropriate folder, and click the OK button.
Figure 7-10 2. Enter a name for the new profile, and click the OK button. Click the Cancel button to return to the Profiles screen.

Figure 7-11

Figure 7-9 Note: If you want to export more than one profile, you have to export them one at a time. Delete - Click the Delete button to delete a profile. Click the X (Close) button in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor.
3. The Network Setting screen will appear next. If your network has a DHCP server, click the radio button next to Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP). Click the Next button to continue, or click the Cancel button to return to the Profiles screen. If your network does not have a DHCP server, click the radio button next to Specify the IP Address. Enter an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS appropriate for your network. You must specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask on this screen. If you are unsure about the Default Gateway and DNS address, then leave these fields alone. Click the Next button to continue, or click the Cancel button to return to the Profiles screen.
4. The Network Mode screen shows a choice of two network modes. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio button if you want your wireless computers to communicate with computers on your wired network via a wireless access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you want multiple wireless computers to communicate directly with each other. Then complete the SSID field. Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 7-12 IP Address - This IP Address must be unique to your network. Subnet Mask - The Adapters Subnet Mask must be the same as your wired networks Subnet Mask. Default Gateway - Enter the IP address of your networks Gateway here. DNS 1 and DNS 2 - Enter the DNS address of your Ethernet (wired) network here.
Figure 7-13 Infrastructure Mode - This mode allows wireless and wired networks to communicate through an access point. Ad-Hoc Mode - This mode allows wireless-equipped computers to communicate directly with each other. No access point is used. SSID - The SSID is the unique name shared by all devices in a wireless network. The SSID must be identical for all devices in the wireless network. It is case-sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters (use any of the characters on the keyboard). Make sure this setting is the same for all devices in your wireless network.

5. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, then proceed to step 6. If you chose AdHoc Mode, then the Wireless Channels screen will now appear. Select the channel at which the network broadcasts its wireless signal. Then click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 7-15 Passphrase - Instead of manually entering a WEP key, you can enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. It is case-sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. This passphrase must match the passphrase of your other wireless network devices and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.) WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. If you are using 64-bit WEP encryption, then the key must consist of exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. If you are using 128-bit WEP encryption, then the key must consist of exactly 26 hexadecimal characters. Valid hexadecimal characters are 0 to 9 and A to F. Key Index - The default transmit key number is 1. If your networks access point or wireless router uses transmit key number 2, 3, or 4, then select the appropriate number in the Key Index drop-down box.
Figure 7-14 Channel - From the drop-down box, select the appropriate channel that corresponds with your network settings. All devices in your wireless network must use the same channel in order to communicate. 6. The Security Settings screen will appear (see Figure 7-15). Choose the Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption settings for your wireless network. If you enable WEP, enter a passphrase or WEP key. Then click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen. WEP - If you do not want to use WEP encryption, keep the default setting, Disable. To use WEP encryption (recommended to increase wireless network security), select 64-bit / 10 hex. characters or 128-bit / 26 hex. characters from the drop-down menu, and enter a passphrase or WEP key.
7. The Confirm New Settings screen will appear next shown the new settings. To save the new settings, click the Yes button. To edit the new settings, click the Back button.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions This chapter provides solutions to problems usually occurring during the installation and operation of the Wireless USB Network Adapter. Read the description below to solve your problems. If you cant find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com. 1. My computer does not recognize the Wireless USB Network Adapter. Make sure that the Wireless USB Network Adapter is properly inserted into the USB port. Also, make sure that the USB Controller is enabled in the BIOS. Check with your motherboards user guide for more information. 2. The Wireless USB Network Adapter does not work properly. Reinsert the Wireless USB Network Adapter into the notebook or desktops USB port. For Windows 98SE or Me, right-click on My Computer, and select Properties. Select the Device Manager tab, and click on the Network Adapter. You will find the Wireless USB Network Adapter if it is installed successfully. If you see a yellow exclamation mark, the resources may be conflicting and you must follow the steps below: Uninstall the driver software from your PC. Restart your PC and repeat the hardware and software installation as specified in this User Guide. 3. I cannot communicate with the other computers linked via Ethernet in the Infrastructure configuration. Make sure that the notebook or desktop is powered on. Make sure that the Wireless USB Network Adapter is configured with the same SSID and WEP settings as the other computers in the Infrastructure configuration. Frequently Asked Questions

Figure 7-16 8. The Congratulations screen will appear next. Click Activate new settings now to implement the new settings immediately and return to the Link Information screen. Click Activate new settings later to keep the current settings active and return to the Profiles screen.
Figure 7-17 You have successfully created a connection profile. Click the X (Close) button in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor.
Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the applications user guide to determine if it supports operation over a network.
Can I play computer games with other members of the wireless network? Yes, as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN (local area network). Refer to the games user guide for more information. What is the IEEE 802.11b standard? It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard. The 802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz. What IEEE 802.11b features are supported? The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions: CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol Multi-Channel Roaming Automatic Rate Selection RTS/CTS feature Fragmentation Power Management What is ad-hoc mode? When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to communicate directly with each other. The ad-hoc wireless network will not communicate with any wired network. What is infrastructure mode? When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with a wired network through a wireless access point. What is roaming? Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continuously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage area. To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology
that links access points and nodes. In such a system, the users end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone. As the user moves on, the end nodes RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it then re-registers, and the communication process continues. What is ISM band? The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. What is Spread Spectrum? Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS). What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences? Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during trans33

mission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers. Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air? WLAN features two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of scrambling. On the software side, WLAN offers the encryption function (WEP) to enhance security and access control. Can Instant Wireless products support printer sharing? Instant Wireless products perform the same function as LAN products. Therefore, Instant Wireless products can work with NetWare, Windows NT/2000, or other network operating systems to support printer or file sharing. What is WEP? WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 40/64 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.

Appendix B: Glossary

802.11b - One of the IEEE standards for wireless networking hardware. Products that adhere to a specific IEEE standard will work with each other, even if they are manufactured by different companies. The 802.11b standard specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps, an operating frequency of 2.4GHz, and WEP encryption for security. 802.11b networks are also referred to as Wi-Fi networks. Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a group of computers, each with a wireless adapter, connected as an independent 802.11 wireless LAN. Ad-hoc wireless computers operate on a peer-to-peer basis, communicating directly with each other without the use of an access point. Ad-hoc mode is also referred to as an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) or as peer-to-peer mode, and is useful at a departmental scale or SOHO operation. CTS (Clear To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the receiving station to the transmitting station that indicates it is ready to accept data. Default Gateway - The router used to forward all traffic that is not addressed to a station within the local subnet. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in an organizations network. Using the Internets set of protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a connection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and, if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network. DHCP uses the concept of a lease or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. Its especially useful in education and other environments where users change frequently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.

DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that need a permanent IP address. DNS - The domain name system (DNS) is the way that Internet domain name are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember handle for an Internet address. DSSS (Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bit pattern for all transmitted data. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the receiver can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers. However, to an intended receiver (i.e. another wireless LAN endpoint), the DSSS signal is recognized as the only valid signal, and interference is inherently rejected (ignored). Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP addresses. ESS (Extended Service Set) - A set of more than two or more BSSs (multiple access points) forming a single network. Firmware - Code that is written onto read-only memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM). Once firmware has been written onto the ROM or PROM, it is retained even when the device is turned off. IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE describes itself as the worlds largest technical professional societypromoting the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the wellbeing of our members. The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has many local chapters, and several large societies in special areas, such as the IEEE Computer Society. Infrastructure Network - An infrastructure network is a group of computers or other devices, each with a wireless adapter, connected as an 802.11 wireless
LAN. In infrastructure mode, the wireless devices communicate with each other and to a wired network by first going through an access point. An infrastructure wireless network connected to a wired network is referred to as a Basic Service Set (BSS). A set of two or more BSS in a single network is referred to as an Extended Service Set (ESS). Infrastructure mode is useful at a corporation scale, or when it is necessary to connect the wired and wireless networks. IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP) today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packet across the Internet. When you request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see the IP address of the Web page requester or the e-mail sender and can respond by sending another message using the IP address it received. IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, defining and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and 2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses. ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as Web site building and virtual hosting. LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building). MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is your computers unique hardware number. mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for logging onto IRC servers and listing, joining and leaving channels. Network Mask - also known as the Subnet Mask. Plug-and-Play - The ability of a computer system to configure expansion boards and other devices automatically without requiring the user to turn off the system during installation.

Roaming - In an infrastructure mode wireless network, this refers to the ability to move out of one access point's range and into another and transparently reassociate and reauthenticate to the new access point. This reassociation and reauthentication should occur without user intervention and ideally without interruption to network connectivity. A typical scenario would be a location with multiple access points, where users can physically relocate from one area to another and easily maintain connectivity. SSID (Service Set Identifier) - An identification name that wireless devices use to make connections. In order for wireless devices to communicate, they must all be set to the same channel and they all must use the same SSID. For instance, if you are using an access point to connect two computers using wireless devices, the access point and each of the wireless devices must use the same SSID. Even if they are set to the same channel, they cannot communicate unless the SSID is the same. Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a TCP/IP network. Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of subgroups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram) between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a "connection oriented" protocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic communication language or set of protocols for communications over a network (developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group of protocols and not only TCP and IP. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram) between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data (routing), UDP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for effi38
cient delivery over the network. UDP is known as a connection-less protocol due to NOT requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of receipt to the sender of the packet (as opposed to TCP). USB (Universal Serial Bus) - A plug-and-play interface between a computer and peripherals, such as digital cameras, scanners, game controllers, speakers, keyboards, portable data storage, or printers. With USB, you can add a new peripheral to your computer without having to add an adapter card or powering down the computer. USB also supports hot-swapping, the addition or removal of devices while the computer is running. USB 1.1-compliant devices support data rates of 1.5Mbps (low-speed) and up to 12Mbps (full-speed). WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11b standard. WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying, defining and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility under Windows 95, 98, and Me. WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices that communicate with each other wirelessly.

Environmental

Appendix C: Specifications

Standards Channels

IEEE 802.11b, USB 1.Channels (USA, Canada) 13 Channels (Europe) 14 Channels (Japan) One USB Type B 19 dBm (typical) -85 dBm (typical) CCK, DQPSK, DBPSK TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, NetBEUI Power, Link

Dimensions

3.58" x 2.8" x 0.9" (91 mm x 71 mm x 23 mm) 2.12 oz. (0.06 kg) 260 mA (typical) FCC Class B, Wi-Fi, CE 32F to 131F (0C to 55C) -13F to 140F (-25C to 60C)
Unit Weight Power Certifications Operating Temp. Storage Temp.
Port Transmit Power Receive Sensitivity Modulation Network Protocols LEDs
Operating Humidity 0% to 70%, Non-Condensing Storage Humidity
10% to 90%, Non-Condensing
Appendix D: Warranty Information
BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCTS PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT. LINKSYS OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER PROCESS FOR PROCESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT. LINKSYS PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE CALL LINKSYS FOR MORE DETAILS.
Appendix E: Contact Information
For help with the installation or operation of the Wireless USB Network Adapter, contact Linksys Technical Support at one of the phone numbers or Internet addresses below. Sales Information Technical Support RMA (Return Merchandise Authorization) Issues Fax E-mail Web site FTP site 800-546-5797 (1-800-LINKSYS) 800-326-7114 www.linksys.com (or call 949-271-5461) 949-265-6655 support@linksys.com http://www.linksys.com ftp://ftp.linksys.com
http://www.linksys.com Copyright 2003 Linksys, All Rights Reserved.