X/Y, T/q, and U/V/W variables ZX/ZY, ZT/Zq, and ZU variables
VARS Y-VARS 3: GDB. 4: Picture. 5: Statistics. 6: Table. 7: String.
Graph database variables Picture variables XY, G, EQ, TEST, and PTS variables TABLE variables String variables
Selecting a Variable from the VARS Menu or VARS Y-VARS Menu To display the VARS Y-VARS menu, press ~. 1:Function, 2:Parametric, and 3:Polar display secondary menus of the Y= function variables. VARS Y-VARS 1: Function. 2: Parametric. 3: Polar. 4: On/Off.
Yn functions XnT, YnT functions rn functions Lets you select/deselect functions
Note: The sequence variables (u, v, w) are located on the keyboard as the second functions of , , and.
To select a variable from the VARS or VARS Y-VARS menu, follow these steps. 1. Display the VARS or VARS Y-VARS menu. Press to display the VARS menu.
Press ~ to display the VARS Y-VARS menu.
2. Select the type of variable, such as 2:Zoom from the VARS menu or 3:Polar from the VARS Y-VARS menu. A secondary menu is displayed. 3. If you selected 1:Window, 2:Zoom, or 5:Statistics from the VARS menu, you can press ~ or | to display other secondary menus. 4. Select a variable name from the menu. It is pasted to the cursor location.
Equation Operating System (EOS)
Order of Evaluation The Equation Operating System (EOS) defines the order in which functions in expressions are entered and evaluated on the TI-84 Plus. EOS lets you enter numbers and functions in a simple, straightforward sequence. EOS evaluates the functions in an expression in this order.
Order Number Function Functions that precede the argument, such as (, sin(, or log( Functions that are entered after the argument, such as 2, M1, !, , r, and conversions Powers and roots, such as 2^5 or 5x32 Permutations (nPr) and combinations (nCr) Multiplication, implied multiplication, and division Addition and subtraction
Order Number Function 9 Relational functions, such as > or Logic operator and Logic operators or and xor
Note: Within a priority level, EOS evaluates functions from left to right. Calculations
within parentheses are evaluated first. Implied Multiplication The TI-84 Plus recognizes implied multiplication, so you need not press to express multiplication in all cases. For example, the TI-84 Plus interprets 2p, 4sin(46), 5(1+2), and (25)7 as implied multiplication.
Note: TI-84 Plus implied multiplication rules, although like the TI-83, differ from those of the TI-82. For example, the TI-84 Plus evaluates 12X as (12)X, while the TI-82 evaluates 12X as 1(2X) (Chapter 2).
Parentheses All calculations inside a pair of parentheses are completed first. For example, in the expression 4(1+2), EOS first evaluates the portion inside the parentheses, 1+2, and then multiplies the answer, 3, by 4.

the left and right sides of the equation. A solid square in the first column next to
leftNrt indicates that the equation has been evaluated at the new value of the
variable for which you solved. Editing an Equation Stored to eqn To edit or replace an equation stored to eqn when the interactive equation solver is displayed, press } until the equation editor is displayed. Then edit the equation. Equations with Multiple Roots Some equations have more than one solution. You can enter a new initial guess or new bounds to look for additional solutions. Further Solutions After you solve for a variable, you can continue to explore solutions from the interactive solver editor. Edit the values of one or more variables. When you edit any variable value, the solid squares next to the previous solution and leftNrt=diff disappear. Move the cursor to the variable for which you now want to solve and press \. Controlling the Solution for Solver or solve( The TI-84 Plus solves equations through an iterative process. To control that process, enter bounds that are relatively close to the solution and enter an initial guess within those bounds. This will help to find a solution more quickly. Also, it will define which solution you want for equations with multiple solutions.
Using solve( on the Home Screen or from a Program The function solve( is available only from CATALOG or from within a program. It returns a solution (root) of expression for variable, given an initial guess, and lower and upper bounds within which the solution is sought. The default for lower is L199. The default for upper is L199. solve( is valid only for real numbers.
solve(expression,variable,guess[,{lower,upper}]) expression is assumed equal to zero. The value of variable will not be updated in memory. guess may be a value or a list of two values. Values must be stored for every variable in expression, except variable, before expression is evaluated. lower and upper must be entered in

list format.

MATH NUM (Number) Operations
MATH NUM Menu To display the MATH NUM menu, press ~. MATH NUM CPX PRB 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: abs( round( iPart( fPart( int( min( max( lcm( gcd(
Absolute value Round Integer part Fractional part Greatest integer Minimum value Maximum value Least common multiple Greatest common divisor
abs( (absolute value) returns the absolute value of real or complex (modulus) numbers,
expressions, lists, and matrices.

abs(value)

Note: abs( is also available on the MATH CPX menu.

round(

round( returns a number, expression, list, or matrix rounded to #decimals (9). If #decimals is omitted, value is rounded to the digits that are displayed, up to 10 digits. round(value[,#decimals])

iPart(, fPart(

iPart( (integer part) returns the integer part or parts of real or complex numbers,
iPart(value) fPart( (fractional part) returns the fractional part or parts of real or complex numbers,

As you enter the expression, it is stored to the variable Yn as a user-defined function in the Y= editor. 4. Press or to move the cursor to the next function.
Defining a Function from the Home Screen or a Program To define a function from the home screen or a program, begin on a blank line and follow these steps. 1. Press [], enter the expression, and then press [] again. 2. Press. 3. Press ~ 1 to select 1:Function from the VARS Y-VARS menu. 4. Select the function name, which pastes the name to the cursor location on the home screen or program editor. 5. Press to complete the instruction.
"expression"!Yn
When the instruction is executed, the TI-84 Plus stores the expression to the designated variable Yn, selects the function, and displays the message Done. Evaluating Y= Functions in Expressions You can calculate the value of a Y= function Yn at a specified value of X. A list of values returns a list.
Yn(value) Yn({value1,value2,value3,.,value n})
Selecting and Deselecting Functions
Selecting and Deselecting a Function You can select and deselect (turn on and turn off) a function in the Y= editor. A function is selected when the = sign is highlighted. The TI-84 Plus graphs only the selected functions. You can select any or all functions Y1 through Y9, and Y0. To select or deselect a function in the Y= editor, follow these steps. 1. Press o to display the Y= editor. 2. Move the cursor to the function you want to select or deselect. 3. Press | to place the cursor on the functions = sign. 4. Press to change the selection status. When you enter or edit a function, it is selected automatically. When you clear a function, it is deselected.
Turning On or Turning Off a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor To view and change the on/off status of a stat plot in the Y= editor, use Plot1 Plot2 Plot3 (the top line of the Y= editor). When a plot is on, its name is highlighted on this line. To change the on/off status of a stat plot from the Y= editor, press } and ~ to place the cursor on Plot1, Plot2, or Plot3, and then press.
Plot1 is turned on. Plot2 and Plot3 are turned off.
Selecting and Deselecting Functions from the Home Screen or a Program To select or deselect a function from the home screen or a program, begin on a blank line and follow these steps. 1. Press ~ to display the VARS Y-VARS menu. 2. Select 4:On/Off to display the ON/OFF secondary menu. 3. Select 1:FnOn to turn on one or more functions or 2:FnOff to turn off one or more functions. The instruction you select is copied to the cursor location. 4. Enter the number (1 through 9, or 0; not the variable Yn) of each function you want to turn on or turn off. If you enter two or more numbers, separate them with commas.

Defining and Editing Polar Equations To define or edit a polar equation, follow the steps in Chapter 3 for defining a function or editing a function. The independent variable in a polar equation is q. In Pol graphing mode, you can enter the polar variable q in either of two ways. Press. Press [q].
Selecting and Deselecting Polar Equations The TI-84 Plus graphs only the selected polar equations. In the Y= editor, a polar equation is selected when the = sign is highlighted. You may select any or all of the equations. To change the selection status, move the cursor onto the = sign, and then press. Setting Window Variables To display the window variable values, press p. These variables define the viewing window. The values below are defaults for Pol graphing in Radian angle mode. qmin=0 qmax=6.2831853. qstep=.1308996. Xmin=L10
Smallest q value to evaluate Largest q value to evaluate (2p) Increment between q values (p24) Smallest X value to be displayed
Xmax=10 Xscl=1 Ymin=L10 Ymax=10 Yscl=1
Largest X value to be displayed Spacing between the X tick marks Smallest Y value to be displayed Largest Y value to be displayed Spacing between the Y tick marks
Note: To ensure that sufficient points are plotted, you may want to change the q window
variables. Setting the Graph Format To display the current graph format settings, press y. Chapter 3 describes the format settings in detail. The other graphing modes share these format settings. Displaying a Graph When you press s, the TI-84 Plus plots the selected polar equations. It evaluates R for each value of q (from qmin to qmax in intervals of qstep) and then plots each point. The window variables define the viewing window. As the graph is plotted, X, Y, R, and q are updated. Smart Graph applies to polar graphs.
Window Variables and Y.VARS Menus You can perform these actions from the home screen or a program. Access functions by using the name of the equation as a variable.

Store polar equations.

Note: You also can select a variable from the PICTURE secondary menu ( 4). The variable is pasted next to StorePic.
3. Press to display the current graph and store the picture.
Recalling Graph Pictures (Pic)
Recalling a Graph Picture To recall a graph picture, follow these steps.
Chapter 8: Draw Instructions 206
1. Select 2:RecallPic from the DRAW STO menu. RecallPic is pasted to the current cursor location. 2. Enter the number (from 1 to 9, or 0) of the picture variable from which you want to recall a picture. For example, if you enter 3, the TI-84 Plus will recall the picture stored to Pic3.
Note: You also can select a variable from the PICTURE secondary menu ( 4). The variable is pasted next to RecallPic.
3. Press to display the current graph with the picture superimposed on it.
Note: Pictures are drawings. You cannot trace a curve that is part of a picture.
Deleting a Graph Picture To delete graph pictures from memory, use the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE secondary menu (Chapter 18).
Storing Graph Databases (GDB)
What Is a Graph Database? A graph database (GDB) contains the set of elements that defines a particular graph. You can recreate the graph from these elements. You can store up to 10 GDBs in variables GDB1 through GDB9, or GDB0 and recall them to recreate graphs.
A GDB stores five elements of a graph. Graphing mode Window variables Format settings All functions in the Y= editor and the selection status of each Graph style for each Y= function
GDBs do not contain drawn items or stat plot definitions. Storing a Graph Database To store a graph database, follow these steps. 1. Select 3:StoreGDB from the DRAW STO menu. StoreGDB is pasted to the current cursor location. 2. Enter the number (from 1 to 9, or 0) of the GDB variable to which you want to store the graph database. For example, if you enter 7, the TI-84 Plus will store the GDB to GDB7.
Note: You also can select a variable from the GDB secondary menu ( 3). The variable is pasted next to StoreGDB.
3. Press to store the current database to the specified GDB variable.
Recalling Graph Databases (GDB)
Recalling a Graph Database

Note: You also can paste Horiz or G-T to the home screen or program editor from the

CATALOG (Chapter 15).

Chapter 10: Matrices
Getting Started: Systems of Linear Equations
Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Find the solution of X + 2Y + 3Z = 3 and 2X + 3Y + 4Z = 3. On the TI-84 Plus, you can solve a system of linear equations by entering the coefficients as elements in a matrix, and then using rref( to obtain the reduced row-echelon form. 1. Press y. Press ~ ~ to display the MATRX EDIT menu. Press 1 to select 1: [A]. 2. Press to define a 24 matrix. The rectangular cursor indicates the current element. Ellipses (.) indicate additional columns beyond the screen. 3. Press 1 to enter the first element. The rectangular cursor moves to the second column of the first row.
4. Press 3 to complete the first row for X + 2Y + 3Z = 3. 5. Press to enter the second row for 2X + 3Y + 4Z = 3. 6. Press y 5 to return to the home screen. If necessary, press to clear the home screen. Press y ~ to display the MATRX MATH menu. Press } to wrap to the end of the menu. Select B:rref( to copy rref( to the home screen. 7. Press y 1 to select 1: [A] from the MATRX NAMES menu. Press . The reduced row-echelon form of the matrix is displayed and stored in Ans. 1X N 1Z = L3 1Y + 2Z = 3 therefore therefore X = L3 + Z Y = 3 N 2Z

Defining a Matrix

What Is a Matrix? A matrix is a two-dimensional array. You can display, define, or edit a matrix in the matrix editor. The TI-84 Plus has 10 matrix variables, [A] through [J]. You can define a matrix directly in an expression. A matrix, depending on available memory, may have up to 99 rows or columns. You can store only real numbers in TI-84 Plus matrices.
Selecting a Matrix Before you can define or display a matrix in the editor, you first must select the matrix name. To do so, follow these steps. 1. Press y | to display the MATRX EDIT menu. The dimensions of any previously defined matrices are displayed.
2. Select the matrix you want to define. The MATRX EDIT screen is displayed.
Accepting or Changing Matrix Dimensions The dimensions of the matrix (row column) are displayed on the top line. The dimensions of a new matrix are 1 1. You must accept or change the dimensions each time you edit a matrix. When you select a matrix to define, the cursor highlights the row dimension. To accept the row dimension, press. To change the row dimension, enter the number of rows (up to 99), and then press.
The cursor moves to the column dimension, which you must accept or change the same way you accepted or changed the row dimension. When you press , the rectangular cursor moves to the first matrix element.

listname(element)

Deleting a List from Memory To delete lists from memory, including L1 through L6, use the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE secondary menu (Chapter 18). Resetting memory restores L1 through L6. Removing a list from the stat list editor does not delete it from memory. Using Lists in Graphing You can use lists to graph a family of curves (Chapter 3).

Entering List Names

Using the LIST NAMES Menu To display the LIST NAMES menu, press y 9. Each item is a user-created list name except for L1 through L6. LIST NAMES menu items are sorted automatically in alphanumerical order. Only the first 10 items are labeled, using 1 through 9, then 0. To jump to the first list name that begins with a particular alpha character or q, press [letter from A to Z or q].
Note: From the top of a menu, press } to move to the bottom. From the bottom, press
to move to the top. When you select a list name from the LIST NAMES menu, the list name is pasted to the current cursor location. The list name symbol precedes a list name when the name is pasted where nonlist name data also is valid, such as the home screen.
The symbol does not precede a list name when the name is pasted where a list name is the only valid input, such as the stat list editors Name= prompt or the stat plot editors XList: and YList: prompts.
Entering a User-Created List Name Directly To enter an existing list name directly, follow these steps. 1. Press y 9 ~ to display the LIST OPS menu.
2. Select B:, which pastes to the current cursor location. is not always necessary.
Note: You also can paste to the current cursor location from the CATALOG.
3. Enter the characters that comprise the list name.
Attaching Formulas to List Names
Attaching a Formula to a List Name You can attach a formula to a list name so that each list element is a result of the formula. When executed, the attached formula must resolve to a list. When anything in the attached formula changes, the list to which the formula is attached is updated automatically. When you edit an element of a list that is referenced in the formula, the corresponding element in the list to which the formula is attached is updated. When you edit the formula itself, all elements in the list to which the formula is attached are updated.

Editing an Element of a Formula-Generated List As described above, one way to detach a formula from a list name is to edit an element of the list to which the formula is attached. The TI-84 Plus protects against inadvertently detaching the formula from the list name by editing an element of the formula-generated list. Because of the protection feature, you must press before you can edit an element of a formula-generated list. The protection feature does not allow you to delete an element of a list to which a formula is attached. To delete an element of a list to which a formula is attached, you must first detach the formula in any of the ways described above.
Switching Stat List Editor Contexts
Stat List Editor Contexts The stat list editor has four contexts. View-elements context View-names context Edit-elements context Enter-name context
The stat list editor is first displayed in view-elements context. To switch through the four contexts, select 1:Edit from the STAT EDIT menu and follow these steps. 1. Press } to move the cursor onto a list name. You are now in view-names context. Press ~ and | to view list names stored in other stat list editor columns. 2. Press. You are now in edit-elements context. You may edit any element in a list. All elements of the current list are displayed in braces ( { } )in the entry line. Press ~ and | to view more list elements. 3. Press again. You are now in view-elements context. Press ~, |, , and } to view other list elements. The current elements full value is displayed in the entry line.
4. Press again. You are now in edit-elements context. You may edit the current element in the entry line. 5. Press } until the cursor is on a list name, then press y 6. You are now in enter-name context.
6. Press. You are now in view-names context.
7. Press. You are now back in view-elements context.
Stat List Editor Contexts
View-Elements Context In view-elements context, the entry line displays the list name, the current elements place in that list, and the full value of the current element, up to 12 characters at a time. An ellipsis (.) indicates that the element continues beyond 12 characters.
To page down the list six elements, press . To page up six elements, press }. To delete a list element, press {. Remaining elements shift up one row. To insert a new element, press y 6. 0 is the default value for a new element. Edit-Elements Context In edit-elements context, the data displayed in the entry line depends on the previous context. When you switch to edit-elements context from view-elements context, the full value of the current element is displayed. You can edit the value of this element, and then press and } to edit other list elements.

Expected: prompt, enter the matrix variable name to which you want the computed expected counts to be stored; default=[B]. Matrix editor: Note: Press y ~ ~ 1 to select 1:[A] from the MATRX EDIT menu.
Note: Press y ] to display matrix [B]. Calculated results:
c2GOF-Test c2GOF-Test (Chi Square Goodness of Fit; item D) performs a test to confirm that sample data is from a population that conforms to a specified distribution. For example, c2 GOF can confirm that the sample data came from a normal distribution. In the example:
list 1={16,25,22,8,10} list 2={16.2,21.6,16.2,14.4,12.6} The Chi-square Goodness of Fit input screen: Note: Press ~ ~ to select TESTS. Press several times to select D:X2GOF-Test. Press. To enter data for
df (degree of freedom), press . Type 4.

2-SampFTest

2-SampTest (two-sample -test; item E) computes an -test to compare two normal population standard deviations (s1 and s2). The population means and standard deviations are all unknown. 2-SampTest, which uses the ratio of sample variances Sx12/Sx22, tests the null hypothesis H0: s1=s2 against one of the alternatives below.
Ha: s1s2 (s1:s2) Ha: s1<s2 (s1:<s2) Ha: s1>s2 (s1:>s2)

SAMP4={ SAMP5={ 7

18 L1 Data

L2} L1

LinRegTTest
LinRegTTest (linear regression t test; item F) computes a linear regression on the given data and a t test on the value of slope b and the correlation coefficient r for the equation y=a+bx. It tests the null hypothesis H0: b=0 (equivalently, r=0) against one of the
alternatives below. Ha: b0 and r0 (b & r:0) Ha: b<0 and r<0 (b & r:<0) Ha: b>0 and r>0 (b & r:>0)
The regression equation is automatically stored to RegEQ (VARS Statistics EQ secondary menu). If you enter a Y= variable name at the RegEQ: prompt, the calculated regression equation is automatically stored to the specified Y= equation. In the example below, the regression equation is stored to Y1, which is then selected (turned on). In the example:

L3={ L4={ 74} 84}

When LinRegTTest is executed, the list of residuals is created and stored to the list name RESID automatically. RESID is placed on the LIST NAMES menu.
Note: For the regression equation, you can use the fix-decimal mode setting to control
the number of digits stored after the decimal point (Chapter 1). However, limiting the number of digits to a small number could affect the accuracy of the fit.

normalpdf(x[,m,s]) Note: For this example, Xmin = 28 Xmax = 42 Ymin = 0 Ymax =.2 Xscl = 1 Yscl =.1
Note: For plotting the normal distribution, you can set window variables Xmin and Xmax so that the mean m falls between them, and then select 0:ZoomFit from the ZOOM menu.

normalcdf(

normalcdf( computes the normal distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified mean m and standard deviation s. The defaults are m=0 and
normalcdf(lowerbound,upperbound[,m,s])

invNorm(

invNorm( computes the inverse cumulative normal distribution function for a given area
under the normal distribution curve specified by mean m and standard deviation s. It calculates the x value associated with an area to the left of the x value. 0 area 1 must be true. The defaults are m=0 and s=1.

invNorm(area[,m,s])

invT( computes the inverse cumulative Student-t probability function specified by Degree
of Freedom, df for a given Area under the curve.

invT(area,df)

tpdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the Student-t distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be > 0. To plot the Student-t distribution, paste tpdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is:
[ ( df + 1 )/2 ] f ( x ) = ------------------------------- ( df 2 )

tpdf(x,df)

( 1 + x /df ) -----------------------------------------------df

( df + 1 )/2

Note: For this example, Xmin = L4.5 Xmax = 4.5 Ymin = 0 Ymax =.4
tcdf( computes the Student-t distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified df (degrees of freedom), which must be > 0. tcdf(lowerbound,upperbound,df)
c2pdf( c2pdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the c2 (chi-square) distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be an integer > 0. To plot the c2 distribution, paste c2pdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is:
df/2 df x/f ( x ) = -------------------- ( 1/2 ) x e ,x 0 ( df 2 )

c2pdf(x,df)

Note: For this example, Xmin = 0 Xmax = 30 Ymin = L.02 Ymax =.132
c2cdf( c2cdf( computes the c2 (chi-square) distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified df (degrees of freedom), which must be an integer > 0. c2cdf(lowerbound,upperbound,df)
Fpdf( pdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the distribution at a specified x value. numerator df (degrees of freedom) and denominator df must be integers > 0. To plot the distribution, paste pdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is:
( n + d )/2 [ ( n + d )/2 ] n n/2 n/- f ( x ) = --------------------------------- -- x ( 1 + nx/d ) ,x 0 ( n/2 ) ( d/2 ) d

DISTR 1:normalpdf(

not(value)
Returns 0 if value is 0. y: value can be a real number, LOGIC expression, or list. 4:not( Returns the number of permutations of valueA taken valueB at a time.

valueA nPr valueB

PRB 2:nPr

value nPr list

Returns a list of the permutations of value taken PRB each element in list at a 2:nPr time. Returns a list of the permutations of each element in list taken value at a time.

list nPr value

listA nPr listB
Returns a list of the permutations of each PRB element in listA taken each 2:nPr element in listB at a time. Computes the sum of the present values for cash inflows and outflows.
npv(interest rate,CF0, CFList[,CFFreq])

CALC 7:npv(

Function or Instruction/Arguments valueA or valueB
Result Returns 1 if valueA or valueB is 0. valueA and valueB can be real numbers, expressions, or lists. Displays text beginning at specified row and column.

LOGIC 2:or

Output(row,column, "text") Output(row,column, value) Param Pause

I/O 6:Output(

Displays value beginning at specified row and column. I/O 6:Output( Sets parametric graphing mode. Suspends program execution until you press. Displays value; suspends program execution until you press. Defines Plot# (1, 2, or 3) of type Scatter or xyLine for Xlistname and Ylistname using mark. z Par CTL 8:Pause CTL 8:Pause y, STAT PLOTS 1:Plot12:Plot23:Plot3-

Pause [value]

Plot#(type,Xlistname, Ylistname,mark)
Function or Instruction/Arguments Plot#(type,Xlistname, freqlist)
Result Defines Plot# (1, 2, or 3) of type Histogram or Boxplot for Xlistname with frequency freqlist. Defines Plot# (1, 2, or 3) of type ModBoxplot for Xlistname with frequency freqlist using mark. Defines Plot# (1, 2, or 3) of type NormProbPlot for datalistname on data axis using mark. data axis can be X or Y. Deselects all stat plots or one or more specified stat plots (1, 2, or 3).
Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y, STAT PLOTS 1:Plot12:Plot23:Plot3y, STAT PLOTS 1:Plot12:Plot23:Plot3y, STAT PLOTS 1:Plot12:Plot23:Plot3-
Plot#(type,Xlistname, freqlist,mark)
Plot#(type,datalistname, data axis,mark)

PlotsOff [1,2,3]

STAT PLOTS 4:PlotsOff

PlotsOn [1,2,3]

Selects all stat plots or one y , or more specified stat plots STAT PLOTS (1, 2, or 3). 5:PlotsOn Specifies an annuity due, where payments occur at the beginning of each payment period.

CALC F:Pmt_Bgn

Function or Instruction/Arguments Pmt_End
Result Specifies an ordinary annuity, where payments occur at the end of each payment period. Computes a cumulative probability at x for the discrete Poisson distribution with specified mean m. Computes a probability at x for the discrete Poisson distribution with the specified mean m. Sets polar graphing mode. Displays complex value in polar format. Sets polar graphing coordinates format. Executes the program name.

All Other Customers

For information about the length and terms of the warranty, refer to your package and/or to the warranty statement enclosed with this product, or contact your local Texas Instruments retailer/distributor.

Battery Information

When to Replace the Batteries The TI-84 Plus uses five batteries: four AAA alkaline batteries and one SR44SW or 303 silver oxide backup battery. The silver oxide battery provides auxiliary power to retain memory while you replace the AAA batteries. When the battery voltage level drops below a usable level, the TI-84 Plus:
Displays this message when you turn on the unit. Displays this message when you attempt to download an application.

Message A

Message B
After Message A is first displayed, you can expect the batteries to function for about one or two weeks, depending on usage. (This one-week to two-week period is based on tests with alkaline batteries; the performance of other types of batteries may vary.) If Message B is displayed, you must replace the batteries immediately to successfully download an application. Replace the silver oxide battery every three or four years.
Effects of Replacing the Batteries
Do not remove both types of batteries (AAA and silver oxide) at the same time. Do not
allow the batteries to lose power completely. If you follow these guidelines and the steps for replacing batteries, you can replace either type of battery without losing any information in memory. Battery Precautions Take these precautions when replacing batteries. Do not leave batteries within reach of children Do not mix new and used batteries. Do not mix brands (or types within brands) of batteries. Do not mix rechargeable and nonrechargeable batteries. Install batteries according to polarity (+ and N) diagrams. Do not place nonrechargeable batteries in a battery recharger. Properly dispose of used batteries immediately. Do not leave them within the reach of children. Do not incinerate or dismantle batteries.
Replacing the Batteries To replace the batteries, follow these steps.
1. Turn off the graphing calculator. Replace the slide cover over the keyboard to avoid inadvertently turning on the graphing calculator. Turn the back of the unit toward you. 2. Hold the graphing calculator upright, push downward on the latch on the top of the battery cover, and then pull the cover toward you.
Note: To avoid loss of information stored in memory, you must turn off the graphing
calculator. Do not remove the AAA batteries and the silver oxide battery simultaneously. 3. Replace all four AAA alkaline batteries simultaneously. Or, replace the silver oxide battery. To replace the AAA alkaline batteries, remove all four discharged AAA batteries and install new ones according to the polarity (+ and N) diagram in the battery compartment.

To replace the silver oxide battery, remove the screw from the silver oxide battery cover, and then remove the cover. Install the new battery, + side up. Replace the cover and secure it with the screw. Use a SR44SW or 303 (or equivalent) silver oxide battery.
4. Replace the battery compartment cover. Turn the graphing calculator on and adjust the display contrast, if necessary, by pressing y } or.

In Case of Difficulty

Handling a Difficulty To handle a difficulty, follow these steps. 1. If you cannot see anything on the screen, you may need to adjust the graphing calculator contrast. To darken the screen, press and release y, and then press and hold } until the display is sufficiently dark. To lighten the screen, press and release y, and then press and hold until the display is sufficiently light. 2. If an error menu is displayed, follow these steps: Note the error type (ERR:error type). Select 2:GOTO, if it is available. The previous screen is displayed with the cursor at or near the error location. Deteremine the error. Correct the expression.
Refer to the Error Conditions table for details about specific errors, if necessary. 3. If the busy indicator (dotted line) is displayed, a graph or program has been paused; the TI-84 Plus is waiting for input. Press to continue or press to break. 4. If a checkerboard cursor ( # ) is displayed, then either you have entered the maximum number of characters in a prompt, or memory is full. If memory is full: Press y L 2 to display the MEMORY MANAGEMENT / DELETE menu.
Select the type of data you want to delete, or select 1:All for a list of all variables of all types. A screen is displayed listing each variable of the type you selected and the number of bytes each variable is using. Press } and to move the selection cursor (4) next to the item you want to delete, and then press {.
5. If the graphing calculator does not seem to work at all, be sure the alkaline batteries are fresh and that they are installed properly. 6. If the TI-84 Plus does not function even though you are sure that the batteries are fresh, you can try manually resetting it. Remove all of the AAA batteries from the graphing calculator. Press and hold the key for ten seconds. Replace the batteries. Turn on the unit.

Normal, Sci, Eng Notation modes only affect the way an answer is displayed on the home screen. Numeric answers can be displayed with up to 10 digits and a two-digit exponent and as fractions. You can enter a number in any format.
Normal notation mode is the usual way we express numbers, with digits to the left and right of the decimal, as in 12345.67. Sci (scientific) notation mode expresses numbers in two parts. The significant digits display with 1.2345674.
one digit to the left of the decimal. The appropriate power of 10 displays to the right of , as in
Eng (engineering) notation mode is similar to scientific notation. However, the number can have
one, two, or three digits before the decimal; and the power-of-10 exponent is a multiple of three, as in 12.345673.
Note: If you select Normal notation, but the answer cannot display in 10 digits (or the absolute
value is less than.001), the TI-84 Plus expresses the answer in scientific notation. Float, 0123456789
Float (floating) decimal mode displays up to 10 digits, plus the sign and decimal.
0123456789 (fixed) decimal mode specifies the number of digits (0 through 9) to display to the right of the decimal for decimal answers.
The decimal setting applies to Normal, Sci, and Eng notation modes. The decimal setting applies to these numbers, with respect to the Answer mode setting: An answer displayed on the home screen Coordinates on a graph (Chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6) The Tangent( DRAW instruction equation of the line, x, and dy/dx values (Chapter 8) Results of CALCULATE operations (Chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6) The regression equation stored after the execution of a regression model (Chapter 12)
Radian, Degree Angle modes control how the TI-84 Plus interprets angle values in trigonometric functions and polar/rectangular conversions.
Radian mode interprets angle values as radians. Answers display in radians. Degree mode interprets angle values as degrees. Answers display in degrees.
Func, Par, Pol, Seq Graphing modes define the graphing parameters. Chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6 describe these modes in detail.

4. Press | or ~ (or enter a value) to select a point near the zero of the function, between the bounds, and then press.
The cursor is on the solution and the coordinates are displayed, even if CoordOff format is selected. To move to the same x-value for other selected functions, press } or. To restore the free-moving cursor, press | or ~. minimum, maximum
minimum and maximum find a minimum or maximum of a function within a specified interval to a
tolerance of 1L5. To find a minimum or maximum, follow these steps. 1. Select 3:minimum or 4:maximum from the CALCULATE menu. The current graph is displayed. 2. Select the function and set left bound, right bound, and guess as described for zero.
The cursor is on the solution, and the coordinates are displayed, even if you have selected CoordOff format; Minimum or Maximum is displayed in the bottom-left corner. To move to the same x-value for other selected functions, press } or. To restore the freemoving cursor, press | or ~. intersect
intersect finds the coordinates of a point at which two or more functions intersect using solve(. The intersection must appear on the display to use intersect.
To find an intersection, follow these steps. 1. Select 5:intersect from the CALCULATE menu. The current graph is displayed with First curve? in the bottom-left corner.
2. Press or }, if necessary, to move the cursor to the first function, and then press. Second curve? is displayed in the bottom-left corner. 3. Press or }, if necessary, to move the cursor to the second function, and then press. 4. Press ~ or | to move the cursor to the point that is your guess as to location of the intersection, and then press. The cursor is on the solution and the coordinates are displayed, even if CoordOff format is selected. Intersection is displayed in the bottom-left corner. To restore the free-moving cursor, press |, }, ~, or. dy/dx
dy/dx (numerical derivative) finds the numerical derivative (slope) of a function at a point, with H=1L3.
To find a functions slope at a point, follow these steps. 1. Select 6:dy/dx from the CALCULATE menu. The current graph is displayed. 2. Press } or to select the function for which you want to find the numerical derivative. 3. Press | or ~ (or enter a value) to select the X value at which to calculate the derivative, and then press. The cursor is on the solution and the numerical derivative is displayed. To move to the same x-value for other selected functions, press } or. To restore the freemoving cursor, press | or ~.
f(x)dx f(x)dx (numerical integral) finds the numerical integral of a function in a specified interval. It uses the fnInt( function, with a tolerance of H=1L3. To find the numerical integral of a function, follow these steps. 1. Select 7:f(x)dx from the CALCULATE menu. The current graph is displayed with Lower Limit? in the bottom-left corner. 2. Press } or to move the cursor to the function for which you want to calculate the integral. 3. Set lower and upper limits as you would set left and right bounds for zero. The integral value is displayed, and the integrated area is shaded.

2. Press y. and select Time axes format and ExprOn format if necessary.
3. Press o. If the graph-style icon is not (dot), press | |, press until is displayed, and then press ~ ~. 4. Press ~ 3 to select iPart( (integer part) because only whole trees are harvested. After each annual harvest, 80 percent (.80) of the trees remain. Press 8 y [u] 1 to define the number of trees after each harvest. Press 1000 to define the new trees. Press 4000 to define the number of trees at the beginning of the program.
Note: Be sure to press y [u], not t [U]. [u] is
the second function of the key.
5. Press p 0 to set nMin=0. Press 50 to set nMax=50. nMin and nMax evaluate forest size over 50 years. Set the other window variables.
PlotStart=1 Xmin=0 Ymin=0 PlotStep=1 Xmax=50 Ymax=6000 Xscl=10 Yscl=1000
6. Press r. Tracing begins at nMin (the start of the forestry plan). Press ~ to trace the sequence year by year. The sequence is displayed at the top of the screen. The values for n (number of years), X (X=n, because n is plotted on the x-axis), and Y (tree count) are displayed at the bottom. When will the forest stabilize? With how many trees?
Defining and Displaying Sequence Graphs
TI-84 Plus Graphing Mode Similarities The steps for defining a sequence graph are similar to the steps for defining a function graph. Chapter 6 assumes that you are familiar with Chapter 3: Function Graphing. Chapter 6 details aspects of sequence graphing that differ from function graphing. Setting Sequence Graphing Mode To display the mode screen, press z. To graph sequence functions, you must select Seq graphing mode before you enter window variables and before you enter sequence functions. Sequence graphs automatically plot in Simul mode, regardless of the current plotting-order mode setting. TI-84 Plus Sequence Functions u, v, and w The TI-84 Plus has three sequence functions that you can enter from the keyboard: u, v, and w. They are second functions of the , , and keys. Press y [u] to enter u, for example. You can define sequence functions in terms of: The independent variable n The previous term in the sequence function, such as u(nN1) The term that precedes the previous term in the sequence function, such as u(nN2) The previous term or the term that precedes the previous term in another sequence function, such as u(nN1) or u(nN2) referenced in the sequence v(n).

Horizontal (horizontal line) draws a horizontal line at Y=y. y, which can be an expression but not a
Horizontal y Vertical (vertical line) draws a vertical line at X=x. x, which can be an expression but not a list. Vertical x
To instruct the TI-84 Plus to draw more than one horizontal or vertical line, separate each instruction with a colon ( : ).

MathPrint Classic

Drawing Tangent Lines
Drawing a Tangent Line Directly on a Graph To draw a tangent line when a graph is displayed, follow these steps. 1. Select 5:Tangent( from the DRAW menu. 2. Press and } to move the cursor to the function for which you want to draw the tangent line. The current graphs Y= function is displayed in the top-left corner, if ExprOn is selected. 3. Press ~ and | or enter a number to select the point on the function at which you want to draw the tangent line. 4. Press. In Func mode, the X value at which the tangent line was drawn is displayed on the bottom of the screen, along with the equation of the tangent line. In all other modes, the dy/dx value is displayed.
5. Change the fixed decimal setting on the mode screen if you want to see fewer digits displayed for X and the equation for Y.
Drawing a Tangent Line from the Home Screen or a Program
Tangent( (tangent line) draws a line tangent to expression in terms of X, such as Y1 or X2, at point X=value. X can be an expression. expression is interpreted as being in Func mode.
Tangent(expression,value)
Drawing Functions and Inverses

Drawing a Function

DrawF (draw function) draws expression as a function in terms of X on the current graph. When you select 6:DrawF from the DRAW menu, the TI-84 Plus returns to the home screen or the program editor. DrawF is not interactive. DrawF expression
Note: You cannot use a list in expression to draw a family of curves.
Drawing an Inverse of a Function
DrawInv (draw inverse) draws the inverse of expression by plotting X values on the y-axis and Y values on the x-axis. When you select 8:DrawInv from the DRAW menu, the TI-84 Plus returns to the home screen or the program editor. DrawInv is not interactive. DrawInv works in Func mode

DrawInv expression

Note: You cannot use a list of expressions with DrawInv.

Shading Areas on a Graph

Shading a Graph To shade an area on a graph, select 7:Shade( from the DRAW menu. The instruction is pasted to the home screen or to the program editor.
Shade(lowerfunc,upperfunc[,Xleft,Xright,pattern,patres])
Shade( draws lowerfunc and upperfunc in terms of X on the current graph and shades the area that is specifically above lowerfunc and below upperfunc. Only the areas where lowerfunc < upperfunc are

shaded.

Xleft and Xright, if included, specify left and right boundaries for the shading. Xleft and Xright must be numbers between Xmin and Xmax, which are the defaults. pattern specifies one of four shading patterns. pattern=1 pattern=2 pattern=3 pattern=4 vertical (default) horizontal negativeslope 45 positiveslope 45

Sorts lists in ascending order. Sorts lists in descending order. Sets the list dimension. Fills all elements with a constant. Creates a sequence. Returns a list of cumulative sums. Returns difference of successive elements. Selects specific data points. Concatenates two lists.
List4matr( Stores a list to a matrix. Matr4list( Stores a matrix to a list.
Designates the list-name data type.

SortA(, SortD(

SortA( (sort ascending) sorts list elements from low to high values. SortD( (sort descending) sorts list elements from high to low values. Complex lists are sorted based on magnitude (modulus).
With one list, SortA( and SortD( sort the elements of listname and update the list in memory.
SortA(listname) SortD(listname)
With two or more lists, SortA( and SortD( sort keylistname, and then sort each dependlist by placing its elements in the same order as the corresponding elements in keylistname. All lists must have the same dimension.
SortA(keylistname,dependlist1[,dependlist2,.,dependlist n]) SortD(keylistname,dependlist1[,dependlist2,.,dependlist n])
In the example, 5 is the first element in L4, and 1 is the first element in L5. After SortA(L4,L5), 5 becomes the second element of L4, and likewise, 1 becomes the second element of L5.
SortA( and SortD( are the same as SortA( and SortD( on the STAT EDIT menu (Chapter 12).
You cannot sort a locked list.
Using dim( to Find List Dimensions
dim( (dimension) returns the length (number of elements) of list. dim(list)
Using dim( to Create a List You can use dim( with to create a new listname with dimension length from 1 to 999. The elements are zeros.

length!dim(listname)

Using dim( to Redimension a List You can use dim with to redimension an existing listname to dimension length from 1 to 999. The elements in the old listname that are within the new dimension are not changed. Extra list elements are filled by 0. Elements in the old list that are outside the new dimension are deleted.
Fill( replaces each element in listname with value. Fill(value,listname)
Note: dim( and Fill( are the same as dim( and Fill( on the MATRX MATH menu (Chapter 10).
seq( (sequence) returns a list in which each element is the result of the evaluation of expression with regard to variable for the values ranging from begin to end at steps of increment. variable need not be defined in memory. increment can be negative; the default value for increment is 1. seq( is not valid within expression. Complex lists are not valid. seq(expression,variable,begin,end[,increment])
cumSum( (cumulative sum) returns the cumulative sums of the elements in list, starting with the first element. list elements can be real or complex numbers. cumSum(list)
@List( @List( returns a list containing the differences between consecutive elements in list. @List subtracts the first element in list from the second element, subtracts the second element from the third, and

Tests p z, t, c2, df

Intervals

v1, v2

Sx1, Sx2 n1, n2 SxP

lower, upper

Note: The variables listed above cannot be archived.

Distribution Functions

DISTR menu To display the DISTR menu, press y =. DISTR DRAW 1: normalpdf( 2: normalcdf( 3: invNorm( 4: invT( 5: tpdf( 6: tcdf( 7: c2pdf( 8: c2cdf 9: pdf( 0: cdf( A: binompdf( B: binomcdf( C: poissonpdf( D: poissoncdf( E: geometpdf( F: geometcdf(
nn probability density function nn cumulative distribution function Inverse cumulative normal distribution Inverse cumulative Student-t distribution Student-t probability density Student-t distribution probability Chi-square probability density Chi-square distribution probability
wprobability density wdistribution probability
Binomial probability Binomial cumulative density Poisson probability Poisson cumulative density Geometric probability Geometric cumulative density
Note: L199 and 199 specify infinity. If you want to view the area left of upperbound, for example, specify lowerbound= L199.

normalpdf(

normalpdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the normal distribution at a specified x value. The defaults are mean m=0 and standard deviation s=1. To plot the normal distribution, paste normalpdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is:
x -----------------2 , 0 f x = -------------- e 2
normalpdf(x[,m,s]) Note: For this example, Xmin = 28 Xmax = 42 Xscl = 1 Ymin = 0 Ymax =.2 Yscl =.1
Note: For plotting the normal distribution, you can set window variables Xmin and Xmax so that the mean m falls between them, and then select 0:ZoomFit from the ZOOM menu.

normalcdf(

normalcdf( computes the normal distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified mean m and standard deviation s. The defaults are m=0 and s=1. normalcdf(lowerbound,upperbound[,m,s])

invNorm(

invNorm( computes the inverse cumulative normal distribution function for a given area under the normal distribution curve specified by mean m and standard deviation s. It calculates the x value associated with an area to the left of the x value. 0 area 1 must be true. The defaults are m=0 and

invNorm(area[,m,s])

invT( computes the inverse cumulative Student-t probability function specified by Degree of
Freedom, df for a given Area under the curve.

invT(area,df)

tpdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the Student-t distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be > 0. To plot the Student-t distribution, paste tpdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is:
df + 1 /2 f x = ------------------------------- df 2

tpdf(x,df)

1 + x /df -----------------------------------------------df

The Vernier EasyData application by Vernier Software & Technology allows you to view and analyze real-world data when the TI-84 Plus is connected to data collection devices such as Texas Instruments CBR 2, CBL 2, Vernier LabPro, Vernier USB sensors, Vernier Go!Motion, or Vernier Motion Detector Unit. The TI-84 Plus comes with the EasyData App already installed.
Note: The application will only work with Vernier auto-ID sensors when using CBL 2 and
Vernier LabPro. The EasyData App will autolaunch on your TI-84 Plus if you plug in a USB sensor such as the CBR 2 or Vernier USB Temperature sensor. Steps for Running the EasyData App Follow these basic steps when using the EasyData App.
Starting the EasyData App
1. Attach your data collection device to your TI-84 Plus. Make sure the cables are firmly connected. 2. If the EasyData App has not auto-launched, press and the } or to select the EasyData App. 3. Press. The EasyData information screen is displayed for about three seconds followed by the main screen.
Quitting the EasyData App
1. To quit the EasyData App, select Quit (press s). The Ready to quit? screen is displayed, which indicates that the collected data has been transferred to lists L1 through L4 on the TI-84 Plus. 2. Press OK (press s) to quit. EasyData Settings
Changing EasyData settings
The EasyData App displays the most commonly used settings before data collection begins. To change a predefined setting: 1. From the main screen in the EasyData App, choose Setup and select 2: Time Graph. The current settings are displayed on the calculator.
Note: If using a motion detector, settings for 3: Distance Match and 4: Ball Bounce in the Setup menu are preset and cannot be changed.
2. Select Next (press q) to move to the setting you want to change. Press to clear a setting. 3. Repeat to cycle through the available options. When the option is correct, select Next to move to the next option. 4. To change a setting, enter 1 or 2 digits, and then select Next (press q). 5. When all the settings are correct, select OK (press s) to return to the main menu. 6. Select Start (press q) to begin collecting data.

2. Select 1:All Memory to display the RESET MEMORY menu.
3. Read the message below the RESET MEMORY menu. To cancel the reset and return to the HOME screen, press. To continue with the reset, select 2:Reset. The message MEM cleared is displayed on the HOME screen.
When you clear memory, the contrast sometimes changes. If the screen is faded or blank, adjust the contrast by pressing y } or.
Grouping and Ungrouping Variables
Grouping Variables Grouping allows you to make a copy of two or more variables residing in RAM and then store them as a group in user data archive. The variables in RAM are not erased. The variables must exist in RAM before they can be grouped. In other words, archived data cannot be included in a group. Once grouped, the variables can be deleted from RAM to open memory. When the variables are needed later, they can be ungrouped for use. To create a group of variables: 1. Press y L to display the MEMORY menu.
2. Select 8:Group to display GROUP UNGROUP menu.
3. Press to display the GROUP menu.
4. Enter a name for the new group and press.
Note: A group name can be one to eight characters long. The first character must be a letter
from A to Z or q. The second through eighth characters can be letters, numbers, or q.
5. Select the type of data you want to group. You can select 1:All+ which shows all variables of all types available and selected. You can also select 2:All- which shows all variables of all types available but not selected. A screen is displayed listing each variable of the type you selected.
For example, suppose some variables have been created in RAM, and selecting 2:Alldisplays the following screen.
6. Press } and to move the selection cursor (4) next to the first item you want to copy into a group, and then press. A small square will remain to the left of all variables selected for grouping.
Repeat the selection process until all variables for the new group are selected and then press ~ to display the DONE menu.
7. Press to complete the grouping process.
Note: You can only group variables in RAM. You cannot group some system variables, such as the last-answer variable Ans and the statistical variable RegEQ.
Ungrouping Variables Ungrouping allows you to make a copy of variables in a group stored in user data archive and place them ungrouped in RAM.
DuplicateName Menu During the ungrouping action, if a duplicate variable name is detected in RAM, the DUPLICATE NAME menu is displayed. DuplicateName 1: Rename 2: Overwrite
Prompts to rename receiving variable. Overwrites data in receiving duplicate variable. variables.
3: Overwrite All Overwrites data in all receiving duplicate 4: Omit 5: Quit
Skips ungrouping of sending variable. Stops ungrouping at duplicate variable.

USB Unit-to-Unit Cable

The TI-84 Plus USB link port is located at the top right edge of the graphing calculator. 1. Firmly insert either end of the USB unit-to-unit cable into the USB port. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the other graphing calculators USB port.

I/O Unit-to-Unit Cable

The TI-84 Plus I/O link port is located at the top left edge of the graphing calculator. 1. Firmly insert either end of the I/O unit-to-unit cable into the port. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the other graphing calculators I/O port.
TI-84 Plus to a TI-83 Plus using I/O Unit-to-Unit Cable
The TI-84 Plus I/O link port is located at the top left edge of the graphing calculator. The TI-83 Plus I/O link port is located at the bottom edge of the graphing calculator. 3. Firmly insert either end of the I/O unit-to-unit cable into the port. 4. Insert the other end of the cable into the other graphing calculators I/O port.
Linking to the CBL/CBR System The CBL 2 system and the CBR system are optional accessories that also connect to a TI-84 Plus with the I/O unit-to-unit cable. With a CBL 2 system or CBR system and a TI-84 Plus, you can collect and analyze real-world data. Linking to a Computer With TI Connect software and the USB computer cable that is included with your TI-84 Plus, you can link the graphing calculator to a personal computer.

Selecting Items to Send

LINK SEND Menu To display the LINK SEND menu, press y 8. SEND RECEIVE
Displays all items as selected, including RAM and Flash applications. Displays all items as deselected. Displays all program names. Displays all list names. Displays list names L1 through L6. Displays all graph databases. Displays all picture data types. Displays all matrix data types. Displays all real variables. Displays all complex variables. Displays all Y= variables. Displays all string variables. Displays all software applications. Displays all software application variables. Displays all grouped variables. Sends the Calculator ID number immediately. (You do not need to select SEND.) Sends operating system updates to another TI-84 Plus Silver Edition or TI-84 Plus. You can not send the operating system to the TI-83 Plus product family. Selects all RAM and mode settings (no Flash applications or archived items) for backup to another TI-84 Plus, TI-84 Plus Silver Edition, TI-83 Plus Silver Edition, or to a TI-83 Plus.
1: All+. 2: AllN. 3: Prgm. 4: List. 5: Lists to TI82. 6: GDB. 7: Pic. 8: Matrix. 9: Real. 0: Complex. A: Y-Vars. B: String. C: Apps. D: AppVars. E: Group. F: SendId G: SendOS

H: Back Up.

When you select an item on the LINK SEND menu, the corresponding SELECT screen is displayed.
Note: Each SELECT screen, except All+, is initially displayed with nothing pre-selected. All+ is displayed with everything pre-selected.

:DS<(variable,value) :commandA :commands e e^(power) e^(list) Exponent: valueexponent Exponent: listexponent Exponent: matrixexponent

y [e] yJ yJ yD yD yD

Function or Instruction/Arguments
Result Computes the effective interest rate.
4Eff(nominal rate, compounding periods)
Else See If:Then:Else End

CALC C:4Eff(

Identifies end of For(, If-Then-Else, Repeat, or While loop. Sets engineering display mode.

CTL 7:End z Eng

Eng Equ4String(Y= var,Strn) expr(string) ExpReg [Xlistname, Ylistname,freqlist,regequ] ExprOff ExprOn
Converts the contents of a Y= var to a string and stores it in y N Strn. Equ4String( Converts string to an expression and executes it.
Fits an exponential regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency freqlist, and stores the regression CALC equation to regequ. 0:ExpReg Turns off the expression display during TRACE. Turns on the expression display during TRACE. Computes the distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified numerator df (degrees of freedom) and denominator df. Converts an answer from a fraction to a decimal or from a decimal to a fraction. y. ExprOff y. ExprOn
cdf(lowerbound, upperbound, numerator df, denominator df)

DISTR 0:cdf(

4: 4 F D or
NUM 8: 4 F D Fill(value,matrixname) Stores value to each element in matrixname.

MATH 4:Fill(

Fill(value,listname)
Stores value to each element in listname.

OPS 4:Fill(

Sets fixed-decimal mode for # of decimal places.
z 0123456789 (select one) z Float
Sets floating decimal mode.
Function or Instruction/Arguments fMax(expression, variable,lower,upper [,tolerance]) fMin(expression,variable, lower,upper[,tolerance]) fnInt(expression,variable, lower,upper[,tolerance]) FnOff [function#, function#,.,function n]
Result Returns the value of variable where the local maximum of expression occurs, between lower and upper, with specified tolerance. Returns the value of variable where the local minimum of expression occurs, between lower and upper, with specified tolerance.

yA y<

DRAW 5:Tangent(
Returns hyperbolic tangent of a real number, expression, or y N list. tanh( Returns the hyperbolic arctangent of a real number, expression, or list.

tanhL1(

Function or Instruction/Arguments tcdf(lowerbound, upperbound,df) Text(row,column,text1, text2,.,text n) Then See If:Then Time timeCnv(seconds)
Result Computes the Student-t distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified degrees of freedom df.

DISTR 6:tcdf(

Writes text on graph beginning at pixel (row,column), where y < 0 row 57 and 0 column 94. DRAW 0:Text(
Sets sequence graphs to plot with respect to time. Converts seconds to units of time that can be more easily understood for evaluation. The list is in {days,hours,minutes,seconds} format. Computes a t confidence interval.

y. Time

timeCnv TESTS 8:TInterval TESTS 8:TInterval
TInterval [listname, freqlist,confidence level] (Data list input) TInterval v,Sx,n [,confidence level] (Summary stats input) tpdf(x,df)
Computes a t confidence interval.
Computes the probability density function (pdf) for the Student-t distribution at a specified x value with specified degrees of freedom df. Displays the graph and enters TRACE mode.

DISTR 5:tpdf(

Trace T-Test m0[,listname, freqlist,alternative, drawflag] (Data list input) T-Test m0, v,Sx,n [,alternative,drawflag] (Summary stats input) tvm_FV[(,,PV,PMT, P/Y,C/Y)] tvm_[(,PV,PMT,FV, P/Y,C/Y)] tvm_[(,PV,PMT,FV, P/Y,C/Y)] tvm_Pmt[(,,PV,FV, P/Y,C/Y)]
Performs a t test with frequency freqlist. alternative=L1 is <; TESTS alternative=0 is ; alternative=1 is >. drawflag=1 draws 2:T-Test results; drawflag=0 calculates results. Performs a t test with frequency freqlist. alternative=L1 is < ; TESTS alternative=0 is ; alternative=1 is >. drawflag=1 draws 2:T-Test results; drawflag=0 calculates results. Computes the future value.

CALC 6:tvm_FV

Computes the annual interest rate.

CALC 3:tvm_

Computes the number of payment periods.

CALC 5:tvm_

Computes the amount of each payment.

CALC 2:tvm_Pmt

Function or Instruction/Arguments tvm_PV[(,,PMT,FV, P/Y,C/Y)] UnArchive

Accuracy Information

Computational Accuracy To maximize accuracy, the TI-84 Plus carries more digits internally than it displays. Values are stored in memory using up to 14 digits with a two-digit exponent. You can store a value in the window variables using up to 10 digits (12 for Xscl, Yscl, Tstep, and qstep). Displayed values are rounded as specified by the mode setting with a maximum of 10 digits and a two-digit exponent.
RegEQ displays up to 14 digits in Float mode. Using a fixed-decimal setting other than Float causes RegEQ results to be rounded and stored with the specified number of decimal places.
Xmin is the center of the leftmost pixel, Xmax is the center of the next-to-the-rightmost pixel. (The rightmost pixel is reserved for the busy indicator.) @X is the distance between the centers of two
adjacent pixels. In Full screen mode, @X is calculated as (Xmax N Xmin) 94. In G-T split-screen mode, @X is calculated as (Xmax N Xmin) 46. If you enter a value for @X from the home screen or a program in Full screen mode, Xmax is calculated as Xmin + @X 94. In G-T split-screen mode, Xmax is calculated as Xmin + @X 46.
Ymin is the center of the next-to-the-bottom pixel; Ymax is the center of the top pixel. @Y is the distance between the centers of two adjacent pixels.
In Full screen mode, @Y is calculated as (Ymax N Ymin) 62. In Horiz split-screen mode, @Y is calculated as (Ymax N Ymin) 30. In G-T split-screen mode, @Y is calculated as (Ymax N Ymin) 50. If you enter a value for @Y from the home screen or a program in Full screen mode, Ymax is calculated as Ymin + @Y 62. In Horiz split-screen mode, Ymax is calculated as Ymin + @Y 30. In G-T split-screen mode, Ymax is calculated as Ymin + @Y 50.
Cursor coordinates are displayed as eight-character numbers (which may include a negative sign, decimal point, and exponent) when Float mode is selected. X and Y are updated with a maximum accuracy of eight digits.
minimum and maximum on the CALCULATE menu are calculated with a tolerance of 1L5; f(x)dx is calculated at 1L3. Therefore, the result displayed may not be accurate to all eight displayed digits. For most functions, at least five accurate digits exist. For fMin(, fMax(, and fnInt( on the MATH menu and solve( in the CATALOG, the tolerance can be specified.

Function Limits

Function sin x, cos x, tan x Range of Input Values
0 |x| < (radian or degree)
Function sinL1 x, cosL1 x ln x, log x ex 10x sinh x, cosh x tanh x sinhL1 x coshL1 x tanhL1 x

axes 74 calculator 3 coordinates 74 expressions 75 functions 69 grid 74 labels 75 points 130 stat plots 69, 208 tvm_FV (future value) 250, 379 tvm_I% (interest rate) 379 tvm_I% (interest rate) 249 tvm_N (# payment periods) 249, 379 tvm_Pmt (payment amount) 249, 379 tvm_PV (present value) 249, 380 two-proportion z confidence interval (2-PropZInt) 226, 372 two-proportion z test (2-PropZTest) 222, 372 two-sample F-Test formula 389 two-sample t test formula 390 two-variable statistics (2-Var Stats) 198, 380
Table 27 Window 27 Zoom 27 Vertical (draw line) 124, 380 viewing window 72 vw/uvAxes (axes format) 106, 380
w sequence function 102 Web (axes format) 106, 380 web plots 108 While 276, 380 window variables function graphing 72 parametric graphing 94 polar graphing 98

x$ (root) 382

XFact zoom factor 85 x-intercept of a root 87 xor (Boolean) exclusive or operator 62, 380 xth root (x$) 39 xyLine (() plot type 205
u sequence function 102 Un/d 18, 49 UnArchive 20, 330, 380 ungrouping 337 user variables 386 uv/uvAxes (axes format) 106, 380 uw/uwAxes (axes format) 106, 380
Y= editor function graphing 67 parametric graphing 92 polar graphing 97 sequence graphing 102 YFact zoom factor 85 Y-VARS menu Function 27 On/Off 27 Parametric 27 Polar 27
v sequence function 102 value operation on a graph 86 variables complex 19 displaying and storing values 20 equation solver 42 graph databases 19 graph pictures 19 independent/dependent 117 list 19, 161 matrix 19, 144 real 19 recalling values 21 solver editor 42 statistical 202 string 261 test and interval output 234 types 19 user and system 19, 386 VARS and Y-VARS menus 27 variance of a list (variance( ) 175 variance of a list (variance( ) 380 variance( (variance of a list) 175, 380 VARS menu GDB 27 Picture 27 Statistics 27 String 27
ZBox 80, 380 ZDecimal 81, 380 zero operation on a graph 87 ZInteger 82, 381 ZInterval (one-sample z confidence interval) 223, 381 zoom 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85 cursor 80 factors 85 function graphing 79 parametric graphing 95 polar graphing 100 sequence graphing 107 Zoom In (zoom in) 81, 381 ZOOM MEMORY menu 84 ZOOM menu 79 Zoom Out (zoom out) 81, 381 ZoomFit (zoom to fit function) 82, 381 ZoomRcl (recall stored window) 85, 381 ZoomStat (statistics zoom) 82, 381 ZoomSto (store zoom window) 84, 382 Index 422