Product Review and Short Takes from QST Magazine
February 2008 Product Reviews: Kenwood TM-D710A Dual Band Mobile Transceiver AVMap G5 Personal Navigator Yaesu VX-3R Miniature Dual-Band Handheld Transceiver
Short Takes: MFJ-868 HF Wattmeter
Copyright 2006 by the American Radio Relay League Inc. All rights reserved.

product review

Kenwood TM-D710A Dual Band Mobile Key Measurements Transceiver Summary

0.15 0.14 69@10 MHz

SINAD 0.25
Receiver Sensitivity (12dB SINAD, V)

I3 Rx 60

77@10 MHz 90
Receiver 3rd-Order Dynamic Range (dB)

68@20 kHz*

Reviewed by Howard Robins, W1HSR ARRL Contributing Editor How do you improve on perfection? That was the question I asked myself when Kenwood introduced the TM-D710A. I have been using its predecessor, the TM-D700A, for nearly five years, and considered it the finest, most feature-rich dual band mobile I had ever used.1 So, when tasked with checking out the TM-D710A, I saw it as a great opportunity to answer my question.

Overview

The TM-D710A has the same core features and functions as Kenwoods TMV71A.2 The list is extensive, including a dual band receiver, 1000 memory channels, flexible scanning, tone squelch encode and decode and so on. As shown in Table 1, the D710As performance is nearly identical to the V71A. The wide coverage receiver is best on the 2 meter and 70 cm bands, but sensitivity is good over much of its range. As with the V71A, you can listen to both receivers at the same time (both tuned to VHF, both UHF or one of each). Transmitter power is 50 W on both bands. Much of this review will focus on the data communication features not found in the V71A and significant changes from the D700A. The D710A includes EchoLink sysop
capability described in detail in the TMV71A review, as well as an internal TNC with Automatic Packet Position Reporting System (APRS) and AX.25 packet functionality.3,4 Its the APRS capability that the TM-D700A is best known for. With my D700A, I started with a Magellan GPS receiver and later upgraded to an AvMap G4T. Both GPS receivers worked well, but the G4T provides a large, brilliant color map that shows the full call sign and subsystem ID along with the location of received position beacons. We ordered the new AvMap G5 GPS receiver to use with the D710A. Its shown in the title photo and described in an accompanying review. My TM-V71A review discussed Kenwoods MCP-2A memory programming software. MCP-2A works with the D710A too, requiring the same optional PC interface cable set. As with the TM-V71A, you can import repeater lists created with ARRLs TravelPlus for Repeaters and download them to the TM-D710As memories.5

3EchoLink

74@20 kHz* 70 68

ChRej 50

Adjacent Channel Rejection (dB)

129 135

IF Rejection (dB)

Img 60

Image Rejection (dB)

Audio Output (W)

162 106
Tx-Rx Turnaround Time (ms)

T-R 250

Horzepa, WA1LOU, Kenwood TM-D700A Dual-Band FM Mobile Transceiver, Product Review, QST, May 2000, pp 60-64. QST Product Reviews are available on the Web at www.arrl.org/members-only/prodrev/. 2H. Robins, W1HSR, Kenwood TM-V71A DualBand Mobile Radio, Product Review, QST, Nov 2007, pp 71-74.
software allows licensed amateurs to communicate with one another over the Internet, using voice-over-IP (VoIP) technology. Connections may be made from station to station or from computer to station. For detailed information, software and registration, visit www.echolink.org. 4 APRS was developed by Bob Bruninga, WB4APR, to support rapid reliable exchange of information among amateurs connected to a network via packet radio. For more information on the technology and many useful links, see www.aprs.org. 5TravelPlus for Repeaters CD-ROM, 2007-2008 edition. Available from your ARRL dealer or the ARRL Bookstore, ARRL order no. 9930. Price, $39.95 plus shipping.Telephone 860-594-0355, or toll-free in the US 888-277-5289; www.arrl. org/shop/; pubsales@arrl.org.

70 cm 2M

* Noise limited at value shown.

Off Scale

Bottom Line
Kenwoods TM-D710A refines and enhances the capabilities found in the venerable TM-D700A. The D710A has all the features you expect for FM voice operation, plus a built-in TNC for APRS and packet as well as support for Kenwoods SkyCommand II remote control system.

Mark J. Wilson, K1RO

Product Review Editor

k1ro@arrl.org

From February 2008 QST ARRL
In addition to a very basic printed book, a lengthy TM-D710A Owners Manual is provided on a CD-ROM in multiple PDF files. Kenwood did a great job on much of this document. There is a lot to know about this radio, and the organization and detailed content mitigate much of the complexity. The radios menus are also very well organized and leave little to the imagination. I strongly recommend participation in the Yahoo Groups that have been established for APRS, the TM-D710A and the AvMap G5. As good as they are, the manuals only scratch the surface, and interaction with other users will help you get the most out of your investment.
Table 1 Kenwood TM-D710A, serial number 90600349
Manufacturers Specifications
Frequency coverage: Receive, 118-524, 800-1300 MHz (cell blocked); transmit, 144-148, 438-450 MHz. Power requirement: Receive, 1.2 A (2 W audio); transmit, 13 A (max). Modes of operation: FM. Receiver AM sensitivity: 10 dB S/N: 118-174 MHz, 0.4 V; 174-230 MHz, 0.5 V; 230-300 MHz, 5.6 V; 300-350 MHz, 1.0 V; 350-400 MHz, 0.56 V; 400-500 MHz, 0.36 V; 500-524 MHz, 0.71 V. FM sensitivity, 12 dB SINAD: 118-174 MHz, 0.32 V; 174-230 MHz, 0.4 V; 230-300 MHz, 5.6 V; 300-350 MHz, 1.0 V; 350-400 MHz, 0.56 V; 400-500 MHz, 0.28 V; 500-524 MHz, 0.56 V; 800-1240 MHz, 7.1 V; 1240-1300 MHz, 2.2 V. FM two-tone, third-order IMD dynamic range: Not specified. FM two-tone, second-order IMD dynamic range: Not specified. FM adjacent channel rejection: Not specified. Spurious and image rejection: Not specified. S-meter sensitivity: Not specified. Squelch sensitivity: 0.1 V. Receiver audio output: 2 W at 5% THD into 8. Transmitter Power output (H/M/L): 50/10/5 W. Spurious-signal and harmonic suppression: 60 dB. Transmit-receive turnaround time (PTT release to 50% audio output): Not specified. Receive-transmit turnaround time (tx delay): Not specified. Bit-error rate (BER), 9600-baud: Not specified.

Measured in the ARRL Lab

Receive, as specified; transmit, 144-148, 430-450 MHz. Receive, 1.4 A; transmit, 9.6 A. Tested at 13.8 V. FM, AM (receive only). Receiver Dynamic Testing For 10 dB S+N/N: 120 MHz, 0.55 V.

Little Black Box

The TM-D710A main unit can be mounted in any convenient location. A recessed RJ-45 modular jack on the front panel is for the umbilical cable from the control head. Another RJ-45 jack, on a side panel, is for the microphone. Your antenna connects to a single SO-239 jack on the rear panel. A 6-pin mini-DIN data port is typically used to connect to an external TNC or PC sound card, while an 8-pin mini-DIN PC port connects to your computers RS-232 serial port via an optional cable. The internal speaker provides superb audio quality, but you can connect external speakers for each of the receivers.

Size (height, width, depth): Main unit, 1.7 5.6 5.7 inches; control head, 2.8 6.2 1.5 inches; weight: main unit, 2.6 pounds; control head, 0.66 pound. Price: TM-D710A, $600; VGS-1 voice unit, $70; PG-5H PC interface cable, $60.
Note: Unless otherwise noted, all dynamic range measurements are taken at the ARRL Lab standard spacing of 20 kHz. *Measurement was noise limited at the value indicated.
(PC port on the main unit. So, if minutes, and so on). You can your main unit is in the trunk also set the radio to use a decay as mine is, and you frequently algorithm for transmitting, if the change programming, consider speed is 1 knot or slower, and running a data cable to the passwitch to proportional pathing senger compartment. You will when the speed picks up. also need a shielded Ethernet Weather station support intype cable and coupler for the cludes wind direction and speed, mic. (Sure would be convenient temperature and rainfall in last if the mic connected to the conhour. Connect your compattrol head.) ible weather station to the GPS There are seven buttons below port on the D710A, set some the LCD screen, one more than the Figure 1 Here, the TM-D710As control head is set up for D700A. The new button is called APRS operation on the left side and voice operation on the right. options, and you are an APRS weather station. KEY. The KEY button switches the A Kenwood proprietary data sentence functions of the other six buttons from radio clatter when within range of one another, functions (F, TONE, REV, LOW, PF1, PF2) indicating that we are close enough for is available for output to the AvMap G5 with to a new set of APRS specific functions (F, simplex voice communication. Theres now target speed, course and altitude in addition a settable menu option called Voice Alert on to target ID and position. The D700A only MSG, LIST, BCON, POS, P.MON). The change outputs ID and position data. makes accessing APRS functions a lot more the D710A for this function. You can set one of the D710As bands convenient. The layout of the other buttons and controls are similar to the D700A for APRS data operation and the other band AX.25 Packet for voice operation. Using the settable QSY The COM port on the back of the conCALL, VFO, MR on the left, and PWR, PM, TNC on the right. Press F, followed by the tuning function, the D710A can embed your voice trol head connects the internal TNC to a (QSY) frequency into a status text. When computer. Using Windows HyperTerminal control, to get into menu mode. While the control head is only slightly this voice frequency information is received software, I was able to connect to packet larger than the D700As, the display area by another D710A, it is displayed on the nodes and even leave a message in a friends and fonts are larger and easier on the eyes. station list. Pressing the TUNE button sets personal mailbox. When I tried to use Airmail software A vertical bar in the center helps segregate the voice band of your radio to the QSY to connect to a local Telpac gateway (the information for the two bands. Above the frequency of the selected station. You can select the packet path type interface between local VHF packet radio frequency display, a new information line displays the current time, along with call from N (new) PARADIGM, RELAY PARADIGM, activity and the Winlink 2000 network), signs of received duplicated APRS packets STATE/SECTION/REGION or OTHERS. Each I discovered that Airmail didnt have any and an indicator of what sort of packet it of these selections brings up an appropriate Kenwood models in its list of compatible TNCs. I tried a few of the other TNC setups was. When your beacon or sent message is set of parameters. Several selectable beaconing strategies but none worked correctly. Even though received (from a digipeater) MY POSITION or MY MESSAGE is displayed in this screen are available to help you control how much Kenwood indicates its TNC is Winlink composition. Only new packets interrupt the fre- traffic you add to the APRS frequency data. pliant, there are no indications that Airmail Manual Pressing KEY then BCON will support Kenwood built-in TNCs in the quency display and are displayed across the future, so I looked for other options. full width of the screen (a settable option). sends a beacon. PTT Pressing and releasing the mic Someone suggested that I try Paclink to APRS Features push-to-talk (PTT) button sends a beacon. see if it would work with the TM-D710A Beaconing, messaging and routing func- One interesting application: During a public to interact with Telpac gateways. I did and tions have been enhanced, full digipeater service operation you make a report from it does. Paclink allows you to use common capabilities added and menus streamlined. the field by voice, and your position is sent email applications to send and receive mail The control head display and dedicated to the command center when you release via your radio link. This is a fairly complex implementation involving several programs. APRS buttons make accessing these func- your PTT button. Auto Beacons are sent based on a In addition to your e-mail software, you tions more straightforward. need Microsoft.NET Framework, Paclink The received station list can be sorted settable time interval. Proportional Pathing This function AGW Packet Client, Paclink Post Office and by call sign, date/time or distance. The list can be filtered to create lists of digipeaters, allows you to give local stations frequent up- AGWPE Pro. For details, see www.winlink. mobile stations, weather reports and so on. dates while reducing the number of updates org/Client.htm. AWGPE Pro has a long list Packet filtering allows you to select a sent to distant parts of the network to help of compatible TNCs. The TM-D700A selecposition distance limit and to choose the types reduce network congestion. Proportional tion worked fine with the D710A. Kenwood cautions that the built-in TNC of packets you want to receive (weather, di- pathing automatically cycles your packets gipeater, mobile and so on). This is useful to through different transmit paths so that does not offer all functions that might be keep the amount of information manageable direct (local) paths are used more often and supported by external TNCs. The parameter multihop paths less often. For example, your and command sets seem to be as complete as in areas with lots of APRS activity. The D710A supports 29 station icons; data transmits direct path every minute, via a my Kantronics KPC-3+ standalone TNC. one-hop path every three minutes, via a twothe D700A supports 19. Other Features Many D700A users send a 100 Hz tone hop path every nine minutes, and so on. Decay Algorithm If position data does Different operators will make frequent with beacons and set the receiver subaudible tone to 100 Hz on the APRS channel. This not change, the time between transmissions use of different functions, so Kenwood proopens the squelch so we hear beacon packet lengthens according to a decay algorithm vides some pushbuttons (PF keys) that can

be programmed with features that you use most often. There are two PF keys on the control head and four on the mic. In addition to receiving the NOAA weather channels, the D710A includes weather alert. You can program a PF key for quick access to the weather band. The review radio included the optional VGS-1 voice guide and storage unit. The voice guide function announces changes in mode, frequency and other settings. It tells you just what you want to know, and at the right time. The announcement vocabulary seems to cover every detail. Storage unit refers to three voice recorder channels for storing voice memos, and a single channel for recording conversations. SkyCommand II uses two compatible Kenwood dual band radios to remotely control specific Kenwood HF radios, or one V/UHF radio with the TS-2000. One of the dual band radios is connected to the mic and external speaker jack on the HF radio. Control signals are sent on the 70 cm band using the built-in TNC, with audio signals sent on 2 meters.
Wireless remote control enables you to use a dual band handheld radio to control the D710A. In this case, control tones are transmitted on a frequency in the 70 cm band. I was able to activate and deactivate crossband repeat with this feature.

Final Analysis

If you are new to the world of mobile APRS, the TM-D710A and AvMap G5 or other GPS receiver will launch you into the mainstream without too much effort. If you are not interested in APRS or SkyCommand, then the TM-V71A might be a better choice. The APRS community is growing rapidly as more equipment like this comes to market. Consequently, the volume of traffic on the APRS frequency is also growing. Strategies that allow you to control how much traffic you contribute to the mix is a valuable addition to Kenwood line. The TM-D710A offers some new and updated capabilities. Programming enhancements simplify the use of the many features and functions. It plays well with AvMap G5, and both products offer great value for their respective prices. Manufacturer: Kenwood USA Corp, 3975 Johns Creek Ct, Suite 300, Suwanee, GA 30024; tel 310-639-4200, fax 310-537-8235; www.kenwoodusa.com.

Limitations and Restrictions
Although the TM-D710A does a lot, it cant do everything at the same time. For example, when the TNC is on for APRS or packet communications, weather alert cannot be turned on. You can manually tune to weather frequencies on the non-data band, but the PF key for this will not work with the TNC on. Likewise, Echolink sysop mode doesnt work with the TNC on, precluding the possibility of using the TM-D710A simultaneously as an APRS digipeater and EchoLink node. Use of the repeater mode (crossband, locked band), wireless remote control or SkyCommand II features prohibit the use of the TNC. A new firmware release, V1.11, available at no cost on the Kenwood Web site, reportedly resolves some of these problems. It was not available during our testing.
AvMap G5 Personal Navigator
Reviewed by Howard Robins, W1HSR ARRL Contributing Editor At first glance, the AvMap Geosat5 (G5) looks like the other GPS navigators that you see advertised everywhere. What makes the AvMap G5 special is that its designed to work with Kenwoods APRS-ready radios, including the TM-D710A also reviewed this month. It provides GPS location information for your transmitted APRS beacons, and it shows received APRS information on its map display. The G5 replaces and improves upon AvMaps G4T. It uses a colorful 5 inch LCD touch screen. The built-in SiRF III GPS receiver has 20 channels. Tele Atlas street maps for North America are included on a 2 GB SD memory card. Connection to the TM-D710A is through a serial port normally used for an external TMC receiver (Traffic Message Channel, for traffic and weather data from consumer FM radios). Other connections include an audio/video input, an audio output (there is an internal speaker), an infrared sensor and a USB port. Theres also a port for their external hockey puck type GPS antenna, but I found that the internal antenna worked just fine under the windshield. The G5 is about the same size as the earlier G4T and the connections on the rear panel are the same, so I was able to unhook the G4T and
attach the G5 in its place. The package comes with a healthy, adjustable on-glass mount and a cigarette lighter plug for power and charging the internal battery. The supplied interface cable plugs into the TM-D710A control head. Perform a little menu-driven setup on both units and youre ready to go.
estimated time of arrival and other parameters float along the maps left side and can be hidden in an instant by touching an onscreen button near them. The G4T has five such boxes, but the G5 has only three (you pick the parameters you want to see).

Using the G5

Ive used a G4T for a while and find the G5s controls to be a distinct improvement. The G4T comes with an infrared remote control for navigating the menus. Thats been replaced by touch screen controls in the G5, which I find easier to use. The G5s display is bright, crisp and easy to read, and brightness adjusts automatically depending on lighting conditions. You can switch between 2D and 3D display modes. In addition to the map, an information line shows your location in words down to the number on the street. As you drive by houses, you can see the numbers change. Zoom controls are on screen touch buttons. Boxes showing time, date, speed, altitude,

APRS with the G5

The G5 sends your position data to the radio over the interface cable, and the radio uses that information in your position beacons. On receive, the D710A sends APRS data to the G5. The unit can store up to 1000 APRS Contacts and display them on the map. Static positions are represented by blue bulls-eye icons along with the associated call sign. Moving positions are represented by red triangles and associated call sign. While this is fine for a standalone mobile APRS display, it is not as robust as some of the APRS applications designed for personal computers and larger screens. Position icons remain on the display until the contact list overflows or you manually remove them. So, while moving positions are identified and refreshed, there is no way to automatically drop aged positions. A tactical mode uses the D710As proprietary data feed and the latest G5 software. Tactical mode allows you to select an APRS contact to see its speed, course and altitude in addition to its call sign and
The AvMap G5 is an attractive, feature-rich personal navigator thats customized with Amateur Radio features. Integration with Kenwoods APRS transceivers is quick and easy.
position. You can also acquire a route from your position to the target APRS contact. My G5 came with an older version of software, so I performed an update using drivers and the latest software from AvMaps Web site. The drivers allow Windows to recognize the G5 when it is plugged into a USB port. The entire process took just a few minutes and went smoothly. User settings are lost during the update and need to be re-entered no big deal, but I didnt see it mentioned.
that show up as icons on the map. For APRS, the only icons I want to see on the map are received APRS station positions, so I turn off all of the POIs. A problem I experienced with the G4T hasnt been cured with the G5. Some travel layer POIs remain after they are turned off. According to AvMap, this problem is being addressed by the designers and will be resolved in a future downloadable firmware release to be available at no cost. I found the G5 to be a worthy successor to the G4T, with noticeable refinements in operaFigure 2 The G5s map shows APRS station data received tion. If youre looking for a plugfrom the Kenwood TM-D710A near the center of the display. Its a great standalone and-play mobile APRS solution, The blue area near the bottom of the screen is for location and driving directions when the vehicle is in motion. Navigator first. give the G5 and a compatible While hams naturally focus Kenwood radio a close look. on the APRS features, the G5 was designed with arrows and shows the distance to that Manufacturer: AvMap s.r.i. Carrara, for the personal navigation marketplace. It maneuver. Voice prompts are available in 14 Italy, www.avmap.it. US distributor, Avoffers turn-by-turn driving directions and languages. While the information lines take Map/USA, 133 Falmouth Rd, Mashpee, options such as fastest or shortest route. real estate from the map display, they pro- MA 02649. Amateur Radio contact: Don A line at the bottom of the display spells vide precise information that is less discern- Arnold, W6GPS, 410 Cyndica Dr, Chatout your current location, and another tells able from the map in many instances. This is tanooga, TN 37441; e-mail info@geosat. you the street to take at the next maneuver. a valuable improvement over the G4T. us; www.geosat.us. Price: $650, external The G5 includes points of interest (POIs) antenna, $149. Next to that, a graphic depicts the maneuver

Yaesu VX-3R Miniature Dual-Band Handheld Transceiver
Reviewed by Dan Henderson, N1ND ARRL Regulatory Information Specialist I first saw the VX-3R at a hamfest before knowing I would do this review. When someone handed it to me, my immediate impression was I dont need your cell phone. Only then did I realize I was holding a dual-band amateur transceiver. This radio fits in the palm of your hand and is a follow-on to the popular VX-2R reviewed in October 2003 QST.6 managed by someone like me with larger fingers. At first you may want to keep the manual close at hand, as well as a pencil with a small eraser to assist with pushing buttons. I made my first QSO after reviewing the manual and a couple of trial-and-error attempts. The receive audio quality was surprisingly good considering the miniature size and lower than usual audio output power. The reports back to me were of good transmitted audio. functions for that button. Unlike the VX-2R, which has a dedicated VOL control concentric with the DIAL knob, you adjust the VX-3Rs volume by pressing and holding VOL while turning DIAL. Pressing F/W and then VOL dedicates the DIAL knob to volume control use. This is useful for extended operating periods on
Out of the Box Experience
After spending a few minutes reviewing an extensive instruction manual, I pressed the orange button on the side of the radio and it switched on. At power up the VX-3R reports battery voltage a good initial check of your radios readiness to operate. The VX-3Rs small size dictates that the function buttons are small and not easily

Controls and Functions

You will quickly become familiar with the large DIAL knob on top thats used for frequency changes and for menu selections. A new and very useful feature is that the VX-3R tuning knob locks when pressed down, making accidental changes in the various settings less likely. Eight of the nine buttons on the front of the radio have three functions. A single press of a button performs one function. Pressing and holding the same button takes you to a second function. By pressing the F/W switch simultaneously, you enter the third set of
Price, Yaesu VX-2R Miniature Dual-Band Handheld Transceiver, Product Review, QST, Oct 2003, pp 69-71. QST Product Reviews are available on the Web at www.arrl.org/ members-only/prodrev/.

Key Measurements Summary

one frequency, after youve set up the other DIAL related functions. The LCD display screen can be used either with a standard black letters on gray background or on an illuminated orange background for easy nighttime viewing. Frequency display digits were legible, but I needed my reading glasses to decipher indicators for the various operating settings. The VX-3R puts out a very usable 1.5 W on 2 meters and 1 W on 70 cm. Using the radio with an external dc power supply (up
to 7 V) doubles those power levels. Selecting LOW power for either band results in 100 mW with the battery pack or 300 mW with an external dc supply. The lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack supplied with the radio allowed me to use the receiver for approximately 20 hours. After recharging for about three hours with the supplied wall charger, I was able to use the radio in normal operating for about six hours. Thats highly dependent on how much transmitting you do, of course. Replacement Li-ion batteries

62@10 MHz

75@10 MHz 90
Table 2 Yaesu VX-3R, serial number 7G020254
Frequency coverage: Receive, 0.5-729, 757-774, 800-999 MHz, (cell blocked); transmit, 144-148, 430-450 MHz. Power requirements: 3.7-7 V dc; receive, 0.12 A; transmit, 1.8 A (max, high power).

Measured in ARRL Lab

Receive, 0.51-729, 758-774, 803999 MHz (cell and cell image blocked); transmit, as specified. Receive (max volume, no signal), 0.3 A dc or battery; transmit, 1.3 A dc, 0.9 A battery.

39@20 kHz *

39@20 kHz * Rx 39 ChRej 50 70

Receiver

Receiver Dynamic Testing
Sensitivity: AM, 10 dB S/N, 0.5-30 MHz, 3.0 V; AM, 10 dB S+N/N, 1.0 MHz, 12 V; 108-137 MHz, 1.5 V; WFM, 12 dB SINAD, 120 MHz, 0.78 V; 76-108, 540-800 MHz, 3.0 V; 470-540 MHz, WFM, 12 dB SINAD, 100 MHz, 7.9 V; 1.5 V; NFM, 12 dB SINAD, 30-54 MHz, 0.35 V; NFM, 12 dB SINAD, 50 MHz, 0.33 V; 54-76, 174-225 MHz, 1 V; 137-140, 150-174, 144 MHz, 0.14 V; 222 MHz, 3.5 V; 350-400 MHz, 0.2 V; 140-150 MHz, 0.16 V; 430 MHz, 0.16 V. 300-350 MHz, 0.5 V; 400-470 MHz, 0.18 V; 800-999 MHz (cell blocked), 1.5 V. Two-tone, third-order IMD dynamic range: Not specified. FM two-tone, second-order IMD dynamic range: Not specified. 20 kHz offset: 52 MHz, 33 dB,* 146 MHz, 39 dB,* 222 MHz, 37 dB,* 440 MHz, 39 dB,* 10 MHz offset: 146 MHz, 75 dB, 440 MHz, 62 dB. 146 MHz, 71 dB. 20 kHz offset: 52 MHz, 33 dB, 146 MHz, 39 dB,** 222 MHz, 37 dB, 440 MHz, 39 dB. IF rejection, 52 MHz, 2 dB***; 146 MHz, 96 dB; 222 MHz, 75 dB; 440 MHz, 84 dB. Image rejection, 52 MHz, 75 dB; 146 MHz, 79 dB; 222 MHz, 32 dB; 440 MHz, 53. At threshold, 146 MHz, 0.11 V; 440 MHz, 0.1 V. 150 mW at 12% THD into 8 (dc); 48 mW at 9% THD into 8 (battery). (Closest VOL step to 10% THD.)
Adjacent-channel rejection: Not specified. Spurious response: Not specified. Squelch sensitivity: Not specified. Audio output: 100 mW at 10% THD into 8 (dc); 50 mW at 10% THD into 8 (battery).

Snd 100

Audio Output (Internal Battery) (mW)

Transmitter

Power output: High, 144 MHz, 3.0 W (dc), 1.5 W (battery); 430 MHz, 2.0 W (dc), 1.0 W (battery); Low: 144/430 MHz, 0.3 W (dc); 0.1 W (battery). Spurious signal and harmonic suppression: 60 dB. Transmit-receive turnaround time (PTT release to 50% of full audio output): Not specified.
Transmitter Dynamic Testing
146 MHz, 3.1 W (dc), 1.5 W (batt) high; 0.1 W low (dc and batt); 440 MHz, 1.9 W (dc), 1.1 W (batt) high; 0.1 W low (dc and battery). VHF, 60 dB; UHF, 70 dB. Meets FCC requirements. S9 signal, VHF and UHF, 56 ms. 146 MHz, 23 ms; 440 MHz, 27 ms.

Yaesus VX-3R adds a few new features to the popular VX-2R while retaining compact size, good battery life and useful transmit power.
Receive-transmit turnaround time (tx delay): Not specified.
Size (height, width, depth): 3.2 1.9 0.9 inches; weight, 4.6 ounces. Price: VX-3R, $180; EDC-21 cigarette lighter cable, $40; FBA-37 AA cell holder, $20. *Measurement was noise limited at the value indicated. **Other samples tested significantly better. ***The IF frequency is close to 6 meters, so this level of performance is to be expected.
are available, as is an optional battery case for three AA cells. The radio is supplied with a small flexible antenna with an SMA connector. This provided average access to several local repeaters, with a bit better performance on 2 meters than 70 cm. If you are using the VX-3R from a fixed location (such as your home or vehicle), consider using a more substantial antenna.

Memories Galore

The VX-2R review commented on the radios ability to store a huge number of frequencies in memory, calling it much more than enough. The VX-3R follows in that tradition and stands ready to remember anything from a few favorite 2 meter and 70 cm machines to multiple sets of repeaters to have at your fingertips on an extended trip. There 900 standard memory channels, 100 memories for frequencies to skip during scanning, 11 home channels (a primary frequency for each band), and 50 sets of band edge memories. Add to that the ability to set up various scanning options and your biggest concern wont be trying to remember how to program this radio; it will be trying to remember into which memory that special repeater was stored. Fortunately the VX-3R includes 24 memory banks to help you organize everything.
FCC rules. In addition to the amateur bands, coverage includes shortwave bands, public safety frequencies, the VHF and UHF TV bands, the AM and FM broadcast bands and the aeronautical band. Bands are selected by stepping through them with the BAND key, while RADIO switches in the AM/FM broadcast bands. You can use the My Bands menu feature to omit bands you dont use from the selection loop. Note that the general coverage receiver can only receive AM and FM signals, not SSB or CW. The radio has an internal bar antenna to help with AM broadcast reception. It also includes a separate stereo earphone jack for FM broadcasts, and you can listen to broadcast stations while monitoring amateur bands. Dont expect living room quality reception from the general coverage receiver functions, especially with the standard antenna. And your AM/FM car radio will provides better results especially in rural areas.

Other Features

The VX-3R has all of the expected features common to the current crop of handheld radios CTCSS decode/encode, paging functions, memory scanning and repeater options. Dialing phone or access numbers is cumbersome without a standard DTMF (dual-tone, multi-frequency) keypad, but the radio has 10 autodial memories for storing DTMF strings. The manual is extremely detailed and can be a bit daunting, but stick with it and you will be rewarded with a transceiver customized for your operating habits. For most users, once you get the initial programming done you

Wide Receiver Coverage

One of the highlighted features is a very wide-ranging receiver. The VX-3R has frequency coverage from 500 kHz to 999 MHz, with certain frequency ranges blocked per
wont have a frequent need for the manual. Just be sure to remember where you put it. To facilitate ease of operation within clubs and public service groups, the VX3R has an easy to use clone function. It allows programmed memories and settings from one radio to be transferred to other VX-3Rs through use of an optional CT-27A cloning cable. Like some other Yaesu transceivers, the VX-3R has features for learning Morse code and improving your speed. You can set the speed and tone, learn the characters, and then improve proficiency by copying five-letter random code groups from the speaker. Whether youre just learning or in need of some practice before a contest, this is a handy feature. The Yaesu VX-3R is versatile, compact Amateur Radio dual-band transceiver that includes functions expected in todays market as well as some bells and whistles. Its small enough to throw in your pocket when you might otherwise not bring a radio along, and the transmitter puts out a useful level. Just dont expect too much from the receiver in RF-crowded environments; as you would expect, the VX-3R doesnt measure up to the usual mobile rig, or even Yaesus bigger handheld radios. You may want to think about another antenna for better reception outside the ham bands. While you probably wouldnt make the VX-3R (or any of the miniature handhelds) your primary radio, it definitely has a place in your transceiver lineup. Manufacturer: Vertex Standard, 10900 Walker St, Cypress, CA 90630; tel 714-827-7600; www.yaesu.com.

New Products

THE AM RADIO LOG
AM Radio Log, edited by Wayne Heinen, NPOH, and published The by the National Radio Club, is a comprehensive source of information on AM broadcast stations in the US and Canada. The 28th edition is said to have nearly 7000 updates since the last edition and consists of 281 pages of data and 18 pages of instructions. The publication is printed on loose-leaf pages in 8.inch format. The pages are punched for a three-ring binder (not included). Listings are organized by frequency and include call sign, location, transmit power and antenna configuration, operating hours, format, network affiliation and other information. The data is cross referenced by city and call sign, and there is a separate list of AM stereo stations. Recent additions to the AM Radio Log include call letters of FM simulcasts, listings of regional groups of stations, and a cross reference of those stations
licensed to use IBOC (in band on channel) digital audio. Price: $25.95 postpaid for nonmembers in the US (add $3 for Priority Mail). See the Web site for pricing for NRC members and for shipping outside the US. For more information or to order, see www.nrcdxas.org or contact NRC Publications, PO Box 473251, Aurora, CO 80047-3251.

MICROKEYER II RADIO CONTROL INTERFACE
microKEYER II radio control interface from microHAM The includes a built-in USB sound device and supports voice, CW, FSK and any sound card digital mode. The sound device supports two channels, with separate volume controls for main and sub receiver. The unit includes rig control for a variety of CAT/CI-V interfaces, as well as microphone interfacing and switching. The built-in CW memory keyer includes a front-panel speed control, paddle-only sidetone and speed readout. Radio keying features include support for power amplifier, receive preamp and receive antenna switching, support for QSK and VOX amplifier keying, and VOX control for digital modes. For more information, visit www.microham-usa.com.

short takes

MFJ-868 HF Wattmeter
With the age of the average ham hovering near 60, were starting to see more products designed for those of us with deteriorating senses hearing and vision specifically. I just celebrated 53 years on the planet and I have to confess that I now need to wear my eyeglasses most of the time. I grudgingly use my optical enhancements to read newspapers, books and, yes, SWR/ Power meters. If youre as weary as I am of squinting and muttering each time you need to check your antenna system, or monitor your radios output, you may want to consider the MFJ-868.
The Proof is in the Measurement
The worlds largest meter isnt of much use if the information it provides is limited or inaccurate. Thats not the case for the MFJ-868. This is an HF meter (1.8 to 30 MHz) that can serve as a reliable piece of test equipment for both high and low power operators. During this review, I used the 868 while testing a 5 W QRP transceiver. On the 20 W scale, the 5 W mark is a bit to the left of the midpoint. Sure enough, the little rig was delivering full output and that fact was quite easy to see with the 868. My Bird wattmeter reference agreed. The meter can measure both peak and average power, and that came in handy since the QRP rig in question functioned in SSB mode as well. The instruction manual includes instructions on how to tweak the internal calibration, but my meter seemed to be accurate give or take 5% at full scale, so I didnt bother.

Worlds Largest?

MFJ bills the 868 as the worlds largest wattmeter, and that may be true. The meter face measures more than 6 inches diagonally. It offers three power scales (2000, 200 and 20 watts) and an SWR scale, all printed in large, dark type. There is a single meter movement, not two crossing needles and an SWR nomograph. So, to read the SWR you must first calibrate the device. This entails switching the meter to the SWR mode and making sure that the FWD/SET button is disengaged. You apply power and turn the front-panel SWR SET knob until the meter goes full scale. When you press the FWD/SET button (switching to REF/SWR), youll see the SWR reading. If you change the output power, youll need to calibrate again. This can be a bit of a pain, but it is a quick procedure and you wont be doing it often unless you are engaged in some serious troubleshooting. I can easily read the meter from across a 12 foot room. I could robably double that disp tance and still be able to read it. Readability is assisted by two lights ensconced above the meter face. You can turn these on and off with the POWER button. If your radio gear is in a bedroom (my station is in a guest bedroom), the illumination doubles as a pleasant nightlight. I suppose you could call it an undocumented feature.

An internal view of the MFJ-868. The end of the 9V battery is visible at the upper left.

Simple Installation

As youd expect, hooking up the MFJ-868 takes mere minutes. The meter features two SO-239 coaxial jacks on the back, plus a coaxial dc power jack. The MFJ-868 must be connected to a dc power source to function. If you dont want to use external dc power, you can install an internal 9 V battery. The meter has a power-saving function that automatically switches it off when you are not making a measurement, which greatly extends the battery life. However, if you want to use the lights, youll definitely have to connect external power. The MFJ-868 is attractive and accurate. Moreover, it is simple to use and very easy on aging eyes. Just a glance is all you need to monitor your output or antenna system SWReven if that glance comes from across the room! Manufacturer: MFJ Enterprises, PO Box 494, Mississippi State, MS 39762; tel 800-6471800; www.mfjenterprises.com. $139.95.

Steve Ford, WB8IMY

QST Editor

sford@arrl.org