For further details on camera operation, read the instruction manual provided with each camera before use.
Take special care when detaching the SB-27 from your camera. For cameras with a safety lock system: loosen the mounting foot locking wheel all the way in the direction of arrow , and slowly detach the SB-27. If the mounting foot locking wheel doesnt loosen easily, do not force it. Push the foot forward gently once in the direction of arrow and try loosening the wheel again.

Contents

Foreword. 2 Camera groups. 3 About this manual. 4 Tips on using the Speedlight. 5 Contents. 6-7 Speedlight parts. 8 LCD panel indications. 9 Preparations for taking flash photographs. 10 Installing batteries. 11 Standby function. 12-13 Attaching the SB-27 to the camera. 14 Adjusting the flash head. 15 Selecting a measurement system (meters/feet). 16 The ready-light. 17 Test firing with the open-flash button. 18 Setting ISO film speed. 19 Setting zoom-head position. 20-21 Basic flash operation. 22 Selecting a flash mode. 23 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group I: F5, F100, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F80-Series/N80-Series, F70-Series/N70). 24-25 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group II: F4-Series, F65-Series/N65-Series, F-801s/N8008s, F-801/N8008, Pronea 600i/6i). 26-27 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group III: F-601/N6006, F-601M/N6000). 28-29 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group IV: F60-Series/N60, F50-Series/N50, F-401x/N5005). 30-31 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group V: F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000). 32-33 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group V: F-401s/N4004s, F-401/N4004). 34-35 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group VI: FM3A, FA, FE2, FG, Nikonos V). 36-37 Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group VII: F3-Series, F55-Series/N55-Series, New FM2, FM10, FE10). 38-39 If the ready-light blinks after shooting. 40 Advanced flash operation. 41 Flash operation in Manual (M) mode (For cameras in all groups). 42-45
Guide numbers for determining correct aperture. 46 Autofocus flash operation in dim light (For AF SLR cameras only). 47-48 Bounce flash operation (For cameras in all Groups). 49-53 Procedures for bounce flash operation. 51-52 Highlight your subjects eyes with bounced flash. 53 Close-up flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Groups I thru VI). 54-59 Procedures. 54 Close-up flash operation using an TTL Remote Cord. 59 Exposure compensation for flash photography (Cameras in Groups I thru III). 60-62 Cameras in Groups I and II. 61 Setting exposure compensation on the SB-27. 61 Canceling exposure compensation. 62 Cameras in Group III. 62 Multiple flash operationusing more than one Speedlight (Applicable to all camera groups). 63-68 TTL multiple flash operation procedures. 64 System chart for TTL multiple flash. 66-67 Manual multiple flash operation procedures. 68 Setting Forced TTL and Forced A modes (Applicable to all camera groups). 69-70 Setting and canceling Forced TTL and Forced A modes. 69 Forced TTL mode. 69 Forced A mode. 70 Canceling Forced TTL and Forced A modes. 70 Red-eye reduction control (For cameras in Group I [except F5] and Pronea 600i/6i). 71

See page 81 for Notes on batteries.
Open the battery chamber lid, and set the camera setting switch.
With cameras in Groups I thru VI, be sure to set the camera setting switch to K, and set it to for cameras in Group VII. See pages 12, 69 on camera setting switch.
Install four penlight batteries and close the battery chamber lid.
Do not mix battery brands or types, or new and old batteries.
Replace the batteries within 30 seconds after turning OFF the power of the SB-27 to preserve data settings.

Standby function

(Applicable to all camera groups)
When both the SB-27 and the camera are not in use, the SB-27s power automatically shuts OFF after approx. 80 seconds in order to conserve battery power. (Standby function) Setting the standby function
Cameras in Groups I thru VI (featuring TTL Auto Flash)
Set the camera setting switch (inside the SB-27's battery chamber) to K. If it is set to , the standby function will not work. To turn the SB-27s power ON again Lightly press the shutter release button to turn the power ON.
Pressing the open-flash button also turns the SB-27s power ON. In this case, the flash does not fire. (See page 18.)
Standby function will not work when: Shutter speed is set at M250 or B (Bulb) (for FA and FE2) Shutter speed is set at M90 or B (Bulb) (for FG and Nikonos V). Shutter speed is set at B (bulb) (for FM3A). When your SB-27 is not in use or if you carry it in a bag, we recommend setting the flash mode selector to OFF to avoid turning the power ON accidentally.
Cameras in Group VII (without TTL Auto Flash)
As the standby function is not available, be sure to set the camera setting switch (inside the SB-27's battery chamber) to.
If you use the SB-27 with two cameras (one featuring TTL Auto Flash and the other without TTL Auto Flash), we recommend setting the camera setting switch to so that the flash mode automatically switches to t mode with the camera featuring TTL Auto Flash, and to mode with the camera without TTL Auto Flash capability.
Be sure to turn the SB-27's power OFF when the camera setting switch is set to as the standby function will not work.
For F50-Series/N50, F-601/N6006, and F-601M/N6000 If camera power shuts OFF with the camera setting switch (inside the SB-27's battery chamber) set to , the t indicator in the LCD panel changes to. This is no cause for concern. If the SB-27's flash mode selector is set to "AUTO", the indicator in the LCD panel changes to t enabling TTL Auto Flash operation.

Attaching the SB-27 to the camera
When attaching the SB-27, make sure both the Speedlight and the camera are turned OFF to avoid accidental firing.
Loosen the SB-27's mounting foot locking wheel.
A squeaky sound can be heard when loosening the mounting foot locking wheel. This is no cause for concern.
Attach the SB-27 to the camera accessory shoe and tighten the locking wheel.
Loosen the mounting foot locking wheel all the way to detach the SB-27. With cameras equipped with a safety lock system, the mount pin is automatically inserted into the locking hole in the camera's accessory shoe to secure the SB-27. To detach the SB-27, loosen the mounting foot locking wheel all the way. (See page 9.)

Adjusting the flash head

The flash head rotates from the horizontal to the vertical position along a 180 arc. From the horizontal position, simply tilt the flash head up 90 until it clicks into position.
Keep the flash head in the horizontal position for normal flash shooting. When the flash head is set to the left as viewed by the photographer, a shadow falls to the right of the subject, and if the flash head is set to the right, the shadow falls to the left. When the flash head is set in the vertical position, the shadow appears under the subject's chin or just behind the subject, as the flash illuminates the subject from the top.
This flash-head adjustment capability makes multi-directional bounce flash operation possible. (See page 49.)
Selecting a measurement system (meters/feet)
Set the flash shooting distance measurement system in the LCD panel to either meters (m) or feet (ft).
The system is preset to meters (m) when shipped from the factory.
Set the flash mode selector from OFF to M or AUTO while holding down the F button and select the desired indication (m or ft).
If you replace the batteries with the SB-27's power ON, the measurement system returns to the default meters (m) system, even if feet (ft) had been previously set.

The ready-light

The ready-light comes ON when charging is completed.

ft mm m

When the SB-27 is fully charged and ready to fire, the ready-light comes ON. Be sure to check that the ready-light is ON when releasing the shutter.
The ready-light blinks when flash fires at its maximum output.
In AUTO mode, if the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, it means that the flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been insufficient. (See page 40.)
In that case, reconfirm the flash shooting distance range, aperture and flash-to-subject distance, and if necessary, use a wider aperture or move closer to the subject and then reshoot.
Replace batteries with a fresh set. Replace alkaline-manganese batteries (or lithium batteries) if the ready-light takes more than 30 seconds to light up. Recharge NiCd batteries if the ready-light takes more than 10 seconds to light up.

Lens in use

2 operation
Nikkor lenses with built-in CPU* Nikkor lenses for F3AF AI-S-type Nikkor lenses AI-type Nikkor lenses Nikon Series E lenses
Programmed TTL Auto Flash

Programmed auto (P)

Standard TTL Flash t
Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M)
*G-type Nikkor lenses cannot be used.

Other Nikkor lenses

Group V: F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000)
1) Set the lens to its minimum aperture (highest f-number). 2) Read the suggested aperture for the film in use in the table below, press the "F" button to set the corresponding aperture in the LCD panel, then confirm the flash shooting distance range.
ISO film speed Aperture 25 f/2.f/f/5.6

200 f/8

400 f/11

800 f/16

Programmed TTL Auto Flash t
Programmed auto (P) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperturepriority auto (A) Manual (M)
Group V: F-401s/N4004s, F-401/N4004)

5 Shooting

1) Set the lens to its minimum aperture (highest f-number) (except G-type Nikkor lenses). 2) Read the aperture in the table below, and press the F button to set the corresponding aperture in the LCD panel, then confirm the flash shooting distance range.
*In shutter-priority auto (S) mode, aperture is automatically selected by the camera.
1) Set the lens to its minimum aperture (highest f-number) (except G-type Nikkor lenses). 2) While looking at the indicator bars, press the F button to change the aperture and bring the subject within flash shooting distance range. Next, read the aperture value. 3) Set the corresponding aperture value on the camera aperture dial. 1) While looking at the indicator bars, press the F button to change the aperture and bring the subject within flash shooting distance range. Next, read the aperture value. 2) Set the corresponding aperture value on the lens aperture ring.
Nikkor lenses with built-in CPU* Nikkor lenses without built-in CPU
*G-type Nikkor lenses cannot be used. Do not use the SB-27 for underwater photography.
Group VI: FM3A, FA, FE2, FG, Nikonos V)
4 flash shooting distance range 1) While looking at the indicator bars, press the F button to change the aperture and bring the subject within flash shooting distance range. Next, read the aperture value.
Setting aperture and confirming
Aperture-priority auto (A) *1

Manual (M)*2

*1 In this exposure mode, shutter speed is automatically set to 1/250 sec. (for FM3A, FA, FE2), and 1/90 sec. (for FG, Nikonos V). *2 Standard TTL Flash is not possible if the shutter speed is set to M250 or B (bulb) (for FA, FE2), and M90 or B (Bulb) (for FG, Nikonos V).

Flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Group VII:
With cameras in Group VII, be sure to set the camera setting switch (inside the SB-27's battery chamber) to , and choose AUTO (in the flash mode selector); the flash mode is automatically set to Non-TTL Auto Flash.
In non-TTL Auto Flash mode, flash mode indicator appears in the SB-27's LCD panel.

operation

Non-TTL Auto Flash
Set the lens to the same aperture value as in the SB-27 to obtain a correct exposure. A usable aperture value appears in the SB-27's LCD panel whenever you press the F button.
F3-Series, F55-Series/N55-Series, New FM2, FM10, FE10)

Camera's exposure mode

Setting aperture and confirming flash shooting distance range
If the ready-light blinks after shooting
The ready-lights in the SB-27 and the camera blink for approx. 3 seconds after shooting to signal that the flash has fired at full output but the light may have been insufficient.
When using the SB-27 with cameras in Group I, the underexposure indicator blinks in the SB-27's LCD panel and the amount of underexposure is indicated.
Reshooting Reconfirm flash-to-subject distance and flash shooting distance range when shooting in programmed auto (P) or shutter-priority auto (S) exposure mode, or choose aperture-priority auto (A) or manual (M) exposure mode. Select an aperture that will allow you to bring the subject within flash shooting distance range. Flash shooting distance range in 1/300 TTL High-Speed Sync Flash operation (F5 only) Flash shooting distance range (far side) cannot be read from the indicator bars on the SB-27 in AUTO flash mode. In such a case, use the following Guide number table and equation for calculating the shooting distance according to each zoom-head position. Guide number (at ISO 100 for m/ft)
Zoom head position Guide number 24mm 11/36 28mm 12/39 35mm 14/46 50mm 16/52
Guide number f/stop (aperture) For example, when shooting with ISO 100 film, at a 35mm zoom-head position and an aperture of f/5.6: D=14/5.6 = 2.5 (far side) [measured in meters] You can read a shooting distance (near side) of 0.6m from the SB-27s indicator bars. Therefore, the flash shooting distance ranges from 0.6m to 2.5m. D (flash shooting distance) = For films other than ISO 100, multiply the figures in the table above by the factors shown below. ISO film speed 800 Factor x0.5 x0.71 x1.4 x2 x2.8

Even when set as above, you cannot use Nikkor lenses wider than 24mm. (See the illustration [bottom] on the seal affixed to the bounce flash adapter.)
Always set the diffuser card whether you wish to create a "catchlight" or not. (See page 53.)
Notes on taking pictures with flash in vertical position
With the built-in bounce flash adapter mounted, use Nikkor lenses 50mm or longer. With both the built-in bounce flash adapter and the diffuser card mounted, use Nikkor lenses 35mm or longer.
Procedures for bounce flash operation
With bounce flash operation, there is 2 to 3 f/stops less light available than in normal flash operation. We recommend that you select wider aperture (lowest possible f-number) and bracket to ensure correct exposure.
Set the SB-27's flash mode selector to "AUTO".
Make sure you set the camera setting switch to K with cameras in Groups I thru VI, and to with cameras in Group VII. (Do not select the K setting with cameras in Group VII.)
Check the reflective surface and adjust flash head direction.
Choose a reflective surface with a high reflection factor such as a white wall for bouncing the light off. In color photography, only use bounce against white reflective surfaces. Otherwise, color photographs will come out with an unnatural color cast similar to that of the reflective surface.
Set up the built-in bounce flash adapter.
Pull out the bounce flash adapter , then raise it approx. 45. (The bounce flash indicator appears in the LCD panel.)
Do not force the bounce flash adapter.
Confirm that the ready-light is ON, then release the shutter to fire the flash.

TTL A M ISO

If the ready-light blinks for 3 seconds after shooting, reconfirm the flash shooting distance range or select a wider aperture, and then reshoot.
In bounce flash operation, no indicator bars appear in the LCD panel. (The SB-27 no longer indicates the correct relationship between aperture and flash shooting distance range.)
Highlight your subjects eyes using bounced flash
The SB-27 comes with a built-in bounce flash adapter for bouncing diffused light off the ceiling. The diffuser card brightens shadows caused by top-lighting or bouncing flash, making your subjects eyes appear more vibrant.
To set up the diffuser card:
Set the built-in bounce flash adapter.
Unfold the built-in diffuser card.
Close-up flash operation in AUTO mode
(Cameras in Groups I thru VI)
The SB-27 incorporates a built-in diffuser card which diffuses light, enabling you to take close-up flash pictures from 0.3m (1 ft.), softening harsh shadows and producing natural-looking results with the SB-27 mounted on the camera.

Two methods are possible: (1) Mounting the SB-27 on the camera (See page 56.) (2) Connecting the SB-27 to the camera using an optional TTL Remote Cord (See page 59.)
With a very light or dark-toned subject, you may not get a correct exposure due to the subject's reflection factor. See page 60 on "Exposure compensation for flash photography" and page 69 on "Setting Forced TTL and Forced A modes" to ensure correct exposure.
Notes on close-up flash operation
Take note of the following points when shooting close-ups with the SB-27 mounted on the camera. Usable lenses are limited.
Avoid using any Nikkor lens whose actual length is shorter than that of the built-in bounce flash adapter ( line in the illustration). If the lens is too short, the incident light falling on the lens reflects on the built-in bounce flash adapter causing a flare effect on the film. (See the illustration [top] on the seal affixed to the bounce flash adapter. Other notes In close-up flash operation, we recommend taking trial shots first because pictures may be slightly dim or a shadow may appear around the edge of the frame depending on the lens in use or the flash-to-subject distance.
Close-up flash operation in AUTO mode (Cameras in Groups I
Procedures (with the SB-27 mounted on the camera)
For cameras in Group I to VI, in addition to selecting Aperture Priority or Manual, the Close Up Program within the Vari-Programs can also be used.
Set the SB-27's flash mode selector to AUTO.
Pull out the built-in bounce flash adapter.
Pull out the bounce flash adapter all the way and tilt it downward approx. 45. (The bounce flash indicator in the LCD panel.)

appears

If the bounce flash adapter comes off and you cannot set the zoom-head position corresponding to the lens in use. Simultaneously press the "ZOOM" and "F" buttons for approx. 4 seconds. The zoom-head position indicator then blinks, and you can proceed with automatic or manual zoom-head setting. Four stops (24mm, 28mm, 35mm and 50mm) are available with the flash-head in the horizontal position, and 3 stops (35mm, 50mm and 70mm) with the flash-head in the vertical position, depending on the camera/lens combination. (See page 20.)

* An aperture of f/8 is suggested. We recommend using the smallest possible aperture ( f/11 or f/16).
With a very light or dark-toned subject, you may not obtain a correct exposure due to the subject's reflection factor. Use exposure compensation to ensure correct exposure. (See pages 60, 69.)
Exposure compensation for flash photography
"Plus" compensation "Minus" compensation
In AUTO (TTL Auto Flash) mode, difficult scenes, such as bright objects in the background, or a main subject at the edge of the frame, may cause overexposure or underexposure. You can manually adjust the exposure (compensate the Speedlight's light output level in TTL Auto Flash mode) to make the picture lighter or darker. When the background is extremely bright, use + compensation and when the background is very dark, use compensation.
In Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash with TTL Multi Sensor operation using cameras in Group I, the camera automatically compensates exposure according to the shooting conditions. Flash light output level compensation is not necessary inside the normal flash shooting distance range. Make sure that the flash shooting distance range shifts when the exposure is compensated. Check that the subject is within flash shooting distance range after compensation.
(Cameras in Groups I thru III)
Setting exposure compensation for flash
The setting method varies depending on the camera.
Cameras in Groups I and II
Cameras with EV compensation control capability allow you to compensate flash exposure on either the SB-27 or the camera (or both.) If you use both controls, exposure is modified by the sum total of both exposure compensation values. For example, with a compensation of +1EV on the SB-27 and +1EV on the camera, the background will be +1EV and the flash output will be +2EV. Keep in mind that the SB-27's exposure compensation value indicator will not display the sum total of both compensation values. Only the compensation value set on the SB-27 is displayed.
Setting exposure compensation on the SB-27
1) Simultaneously press the F and M buttons. 2) Confirm the exposure compensation value indicator in the LCD panel appears after blinking for approx. 4 sec. 3) To set the desired exposure compensation, press the F button to increase the compensation value and press the M button to decrease the compensation value. 4) The exposure compensation indicators and exposure compensation value come on. Exposure compensation is possible in 1/3 EV steps. ( side: from 0.3 to 3.0 EV, and + side: from +0.3 to +1.0 EV).
Canceling exposure compensation
Flash exposure compensation cannot be canceled by turning the power OFF. To cancel, reset the exposure compensation amount to 0.0 following the same steps outlined on page 61.

Cameras in Group III

Use the camera's EV compensation control function to make exposure compensation.

For further details, refer to the camera's Instruction Manual.
With Group III cameras, the SB-27's LCD panel does not show the correct flash shooting distance range or the correct compensation amount. Use the following chart as a guide for obtaining the correct flash shooting distance range.
For example, with ISO 100 film, if you want to compensate by +1EV on the camera, set the ISO film speed to 50 on the SB-27s LCD panel; if you want to compensate by 2EV, set the ISO film speed to 400.
With exposure compensation set on the camera, the SB-27s light output is automatically controlled for correct background illumination.
Multiple flash operationusing more than one Speedlight
Flash shooting with one flash unit Flash shooting with more than one unit
When you wish to eliminate harsh shadows produced by a single flash unit or if you want to extend light up into the background, use more than one flash unit. For multiple flash operation with the SB-27, both TTL Auto and Manual (M) Flash modes are available.
Multiple flash operation in TTL Auto Flash mode is possible with cameras in Groups I thru VI and F3-Series cameras. Multiple flash operation in Manual (M) Flash mode is possible with cameras in all groups. In multiple flash operation in either TTL or manual mode, first decide which will be the main (Master) unit and which the secondary (Slave) unit(s). For example, to eliminate shadows, adjust the lighting ratio so that master unit illumination is greater than secondary unit illumination.

Cameras in Group I

With the SB-27 as the master flash set to 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced FillFlash, you may not be able to obtain correct exposure because of a change in lighting conditions between initial Monitor Preflash* and actual flash firings. First cancel Monitor Preflash using one of the following methods: Set the built-in wide flash adapter to the upper or left direction. Set the SB-27's flash operation to Standard TTL Flash (not Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash.) Mount a Nikkor lens without built-in CPU. Set the camera's metering system to Spot (except F90X/N90s, F90Series/N90, F70-Series/N70 cameras). *See page 86 on Monitor Preflash.
Multiple flash operation (Cameras in Groups I thru
TTL multiple flash operation procedures
See page 66 on usable flash units and accessories for multiple flash operation.
Mount the SB-27 as a master flash unit on the camera. Connect the master flash unit to the slave flash unit(s).
Turn OFF all flash units when connecting.
Set the flash mode selector of all the flash units to TTL.
Do not set the power switch to the STBY position.

With cameras in Group I (except F5), F65-Series/N65-Series and Pronea 600i/6i, the SB-27's red-eye reduction lamp lights up for approx. 1 sec. before the flash fires and the picture is taken.
When red-eye reduction or red-eye reduction in slow-sync is set oncamera, the red-eye reduction control indicator appears in the SB-27's LCD panel. You cannot set the red-eye reduction function from the SB-27. Refer to your camera's Instruction Manual for details on setting the red-eye reduction function.

Other information

This section covers troubleshooting procedures, optional accessories, tips on Speedlight care, and contains a glossary of terms.
Using an external power source
Nikon DC Unit SD-7 or SD-8/8A can be used as an optional external power source supplying long and stable power, increasing the number of flash firings, and providing faster recycling time. To use a DC Unit, connect its power cord to the SB-27's external power source terminal.
Even when powered with a DC Unit, the SB-27 still requires batteries inside the flash unit. Do not remove the batteries.
Available external power source (optional) See page 78.
Batteries External power C-type alkalinesource SD-7 manganese (x 6) External power AA-type alkalinesource manganese (x 6) SD-8/8A** AA-type NiCd (x 6) Min. recycling time* (approx.) 2.5 sec. 2.5 sec. 1.8 sec. No. of flash/ recycling time (approx.) 500 times/2.530 sec. 350 times/2.530 sec. 150 times/1.830 sec.
*Data measured with fresh batteries. **Install the same type of batteries in the SB-27 and SD-8/SD-8A.
Use only Nikon-approved external power source units. Using external power sources other than those specified by Nikon may cause unexpected damage to the Speedlight.
Connecting the SB-27 to a camera with a sync cord
To connect the SB-27 to a camera with a sync cord, connect the sync cord to the SB-27's sync terminal. Usable sync cords SC-11, SC-15 (optional) See page 77. To connect the SB-27 to a camera without a sync terminal, use Sync Terminal Adapter AS-15 (optional).
When connected by a sync cord, the SB-27's normal functions are inoperative, except for flash firing. The SB-27 provides neither automatic sync speed setting nor readylight viewfinder indication.
Use optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24 when using the SB-27 off the camera in order to maintain all functions. (See page 77.)
Warning indications on the camera
The flash ready-light in the camera's viewfinder blinks in the following cases. (No indication appears in the SB-27's LCD panel.)
F90X/N90s viewfinder display shown

Notes on cleaning

Use a blower brush to remove dirt and dust from the SB-27 and clean lightly with a soft, clean cloth.
Do not use commercial cleaners containing active agents such as paint thinner or benzene.

Maintenance

When not using the SB-27 for prolonged period of time (more than two weeks), be sure to remove the batteries before storage. Take the SB-27 out about once a month, insert the batteries and fire the unit several times to prevent the condenser from deteriorating. Finally make sure the ready-light is on, before turning the power off and removing the batteries.

Storage

Store the SB-27 in a cool, dry place to prevent mold. Also keep it away from chemicals such as camphor or naphthalene. Avoid exposing the SB-27 to magnetic waves (TV or radio) and high temperatures (e.g. car interiors or heaters.)

Notes on batteries

Battery power tends to weaken as the temperature drops; it also drains off slowly when not in use for a long period of time, and recovers after a short break following intensive use. Be sure to replace the batteries with a fresh set if you notice any delays in recycling.
Do not mix battery brands or types, as battery performance differs with each brand. When installing the battery, turn the SB-27's power OFF and make sure that the battery terminals + are correctly oriented. When replacing batteries, be sure to replace all the batteries at the same time. Always use fresh batteries of the same brand and type.
Wrong battery usage may shorten battery life or cause malfunction.
Do not disassemble, short-circuit or heat batteries. Do not dispose of batteries by burning, as explosions may result. If the SB-27 is not in use for more than two weeks, remove the batteries from the flash unit and keep them in a cool, dry place below 20C (68F).

Warning:

Batteries shall not be exposed to excessive heat such as sunshine, fire or the like. Dry batteries shall not be subjected to charging.

About NiCd batteries

Please note the following points when using NiCd batteries. NiCd batteries feature a faster recycling time and greater efficiency at low temperatures than alkaline-manganese batteries.
Other performance data differs depending on battery conditions, and whether or not batteries are fresh or fully charged.

(Applicable to F5, F100, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F80-Series/N80-Series, F70-Series/N70)
Autofocus assist illumination
Allows you to autofocus in dim light or in the dark with Nikon AF cameras. When you press the shutter release button halfway, the AF illuminator automatically turns ON to give contrast to a dark subject, thus enabling the cameras autofocus system to function.
(Applicable to all Nikon AF cameras)
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash with TTL Multi Sensor (3D multisensor balanced fill-flash and multi-sensor balanced fill-flash)
With D-type AF Nikkor lenses, 3D multi-sensor balanced fill-flash is performed, whereby the SB-27 fires a series of weak preflashes (Monitor Preflash) that are detected by the cameras TTL Multi Sensor, then analyzed for brightness and contrast along with Distance Information from the D-type AF Nikkor lens. The flash output level is automatically compensated so that both flash output and ambient light are perfectly balanced. With non-D-type AF Nikkor lenses, Multi-Sensor balanced Fill-Flash, which offers the same output control system minus Distance Information, is performed. These flash modes are effective in scenes with highly reflective objects such as a mirror or a white wall, and scenes with very dark backgrounds.
Bounce the light off the ceiling or walls to illuminate the subject indirectly, softening shadows and producing more natural portraits. The SB-27 comes with a built-in wide flash adapter for this purpose.

Catchlight

By using the SB-27s built-in diffuser and bouncing the light off the ceiling, you can create a catchlight which softens harsh shadows caused by bounced light, resulting in more natural portraits.
Center-Weighted/Spot Fill-Flash
This mode operates with Center-Weighted or Spot metering. These metering systems measure the background brightness and control the flash, providing less light than with Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash. Recommended with non-AF Nikkor lenses in place of Matrix Balance Fill-Flash, which cannot be used.
(Applicable to F5, F4-Series, F100, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F60-Series/N60, F50-Series/N50, F-801s/N8008s, F-801/N8008, F-601/N6006, F-601M/ N6000, F-401x/ N5005)
Flash exposure compensation
In combination with on-camera exposure compensation, you can manually adjust the amount of flash output when using a Speedlight in AUTO flash mode. To achieve correct exposure with a large white background, a small subject in the center of the viewfinder, or a subject close to the edge of the frame, underexpose; overexpose if your subject is positioned against an infinity background.

Flash mode selector AUTO mode: TTL Auto Flash operation possible with cameras in Groups I thru VI (Monitor Preflash is available exclusively with cameras in Group I using a Nikkor lens with built-in CPU). Non-TTL Auto Flash operation possible with cameras in Groups I thru VII when camera setting switch is set to (usable apertures f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, and f/8 at ISO 100.) M mode: Manual flash operation possible with cameras in all groups. Light output amount variable from 1/1(full), 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 to 1/16 output. Four AA-type alkaline-manganese (1.5V), lithium (1.5V), NiCd (rechargeable) (1.2V), or Ni-MH (rechargeable) (1.2V) penlight batteries

Power source

External power source DC Unit SD-7: C-type alkaline-manganese (x 6) (optional) DC Unit SD-8/8A: AA-type alkaline-manganese (x 6) or AA-type NiCd batteries (x 6) Number of flashes and recycling time Batteries installed in the SB-27 Batteries AA-type alkaline manganese AA-type NiCd Min. recycling time (approx.) 5 sec. (using fresh battery) 3.5 sec. (using fresh battery) No. of flash/recycling time (approx.) 140 times/530 sec. 60 times/3.530 sec.
Manual full output without use of AF assist illuminator LED, and zoom operation. Above data may vary according to battery brands or performance. Red-eye reduction A red-eye reduction lamp lights up for approx. 1 sec. before the flash fires. (Setting is only possible on the cameras in Group I (except F5) and Pronea 600i/6i) Possible with cameras featuring rear-curtain flash sync mode set on the camera. Automatically lights up to emit LED beam toward subject when performing autofocus in dim light or in the dark with Nikon AF cameras.
Rear-curtain sync flash AF assist illumination

Ready-light

Lights up when recharging is completed. AUTO mode: Blinks for approx. 3 seconds when flash fires at its maximum output but the light may have been insufficient. Performs test firing. Turns the SB-27 ON again after it has been turned OFF by the standby function. Used in bounce flash operation to create catchlight in subjects eyes. Automatically inserts the mount pin into the locking hole in the camera's accessory shoe to prevent the SB-27 from detaching. (Not provided with all cameras). Interchangeable meters (m) or feet (ft) measurement system by pressing the "F" button and flash mode selector simultaneously. 1/1000 sec. at 1/1 (full) output 1/1100 sec. at 1/2 output 1/2500 sec. at 1/4 output 1/4200 sec. at 1/8 output 1/6700 sec. at 1/16 output External power source terminal / sync terminal provided Approx. 107 x 70 x 97mm (4.2 x 2.8 x 3.8 in.) (horizontal position) Approx. 340g (12 oz)

Preparation

TTL Auto Flash t Mode
The built-in TTL auto flash sensor in cameras so equipped measures the illumination provided by the SB-22s that is reflected back from the subject. This measurement is made through-the-lens and when the light is sufficient to ensure proper exposure, the camera sends a signal to the SB-22s to stop firing. TTL Auto Flash TTL mode* provides simple and effective flash operation, recommended for users with little experience with flash. Cameras usable in the TTL Auto Flash mode
F5 F70-Series/N70*1 F-601/N6006*1 F-301/N2000*2 F4-Series F65-Series/N65-Series*1 F-601M/N6000*1 FM3A F100 F60-Series/N60*1 F-501/N2020*2 FA F90X/N90s*1 F50-Series/N50*1 F-401x/N5005*1 FE2 F90-Series/N90*1 F-801s/N8008s*1 F-401s/N4004s*1 FG F80-Series/N80-Series*1 F-801/N8008*1 F-401/N4004*1 Pronea 600i/6i*1 Nikonos V

Non-TTL Auto Flash Mode

The SB-22ss built-in sensor measures the flash illumination reflected back from the subject, automatically controlling the flash output to give you the correct exposure. This is called the Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode. A choice of four shooting apertures at A1 to A4 are available, covering a variety of shooting distances.

Manual Flash Mode

In this mode, the flash always fires at full output. Manual flash photography is recommended when shooting subjects in which the correct exposure is difficult to obtain in the TTL or Non-TTL Auto Flash mode or when you want to exercise your creative preferences.
Set the SB-22ss POWER switch to OFF, then slide down the battery chamber lid in the direction of the arrow and lift it off.
10 m 0.6 0.9 1.3 ft N 35 mm

READY JAPAN

SB-22s

Instruction Manual

BOUNCE

OFF ON STBY

mode 1 Set your cameras exposuresystem to Aperture-priority auto (A) or Manual (M). Set your cameras metering to any setting.
For Nikon FM3A, New FM2 and FM10 cameras, manually set the shutter speed to the flash sync shutter speed or slower. For other cameras, the shutter speed is automatically set to the flash sync speed. (You can intentionally set the shutter speed to one slower than the flash sync speed.) Refer to your cameras instruction manual for details.

GN(ISO100) 28(m) 92(ft)

Install four penlight batteries following the + and symbols inside the chamber. Reattach the battery chamber lid by aligning the indices on the lid and flash unit and sliding it up as far as it will go.

T1F1000601(S855)11

*1 Sold exclusively in the USA. *2 Sold exclusively in the USA and Canada. TTL Auto Flash TTL mode is not possible with Nikon F3-Series except with the AS-17 attached, New FM2, FM10, FE10 and D1 Series cameras. Use the Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode or Manual M Flash mode instead. If cameras ready-light LED keeps blinking, the camera is not ready for TTL Auto Flash mode. Confirm that the shutter speed is not set to M250, M90, or B). * Depending on the Nikon camera and lens, or finder in use, either one of the following TTL flash operations is possible: Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash, Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash, Center-Weighted FillFlash/Spot Fill-Flash, Programmed TTL Auto Flash, or Standard TTL Flash. For more details on TTL flash operation, refer to your cameras instruction manual. 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash is not possible, because the SB-22s has no Monitor Preflash function.
Set the SB-22ss mode selector to either A1, A2, A3 or A4 depending on the aperture selected that brings the subject within the flash shooting distance range. The illuminated f-number shown in the window at left is the aperture you should use.

SPEEDLIGHT SB-22s

A M TTL A A A A
2 Set the flash mode selector to M. shooting distance and 3 Determine thethe shooting distance onfollow the appropriate vertical lineone upward from the distance scale until it meets
of the distance range indicators. Then follow the flash shooting distance range indicator horizontally and you will find the appropriate apertures. Set the appropriate aperture on the camera or lens aperture ring.

A M TTL

Set your camera. (Refer to your camera instruction manual for details.)

Four penlight batteries of any of the following types may be used: AA-type zinc-carbon AA-type alkaline-manganese AA-type NiCd (rechargeable) AA-type Ni-MH (Nickel-Metal Hydride) (rechargeable) AA-type (1.5V) lithium For more information on batteries, refer to Notes on Batteries.
Set the flash mode selector on the SB-22s to TTL.

Foreword

Congratulations. You are now the proud owner of the Nikon Autofocus Speedlight SB-22s, a flash unit offering compact design and easy operation. With a powerful flash output (GN 28 at ISO 100, m), the SB-22s can be used not only for shooting in dimly lit interiors or outside at night, but for daylight fill-in flash. The SB-22s features three flash modes: TTL Auto, Non-TTL Auto, and Manual. In the Non-TTL Auto mode, you have a choice of four shooting apertures at A1, A2, A3 and A4. Other advanced flash capabilities include Bounce, Close-up, and Multiple Flash. To get the most out of your new flash unit, please read this manual before use. Make some test shots Before taking important flash photographs, make some test shots to ascertain the SB-22s is working properly. Use only Nikon-approved equipment The SB-22s is designed for use with Nikon cameras, lenses, and accessories. Using cameras or accessories other than those specified by Nikon may damage the SB-22s. Nikon cannot be held responsible for malfunctions caused by using the SB-22s in ways not specified in this manual, or using the SB-22s with a camera made by another manufacturer.

CAUTION

When replacing batteries, replace all four batteries at the same time, do not mix battery types or brands, do not use old with new batteries, and never reverse the polarity of the batteries when installing. Otherwise, the batteries may catch on fire or explode, due to the possible leakage of corrosive liquids. In the event that corrosive liquids do seep from the batteries, avoid touching the liquids. Certain types of batteries contain strong alkaline liquids. If the alkaline liquids stick to your skin or clothes, wash immediately with running water.

Set your cameras exposure mode to Programmed auto (P), Aperture-priority auto (A), or Manual (M) mode. 200 (Shutter-priority auto (S) mode is not recommended, because setting an appropriate aperture to match the shooting distance is difficult.) Set your cameras metering system to Matrix Metering, N 35 mm Center-Weighted Metering, or Spot Metering. OFF ON STBY FLASH READY BOUNCE The shutter speed is automatically set to the flash sync speed. (Or you can intentionally set the shutter JAPAN speed to one slower than the flash sync speed.) Because the SB-22s features the same TTL flash operations as those of the SB-15 and SB-22, refer to those items corresponding to SB-15 or SB-22 in the flash photography section of your cameras instruction manual, if the SB-22s is not listed.
2 2.5.m 0.6 0.9 1.3 ft 30 40

N 35 mm

2 2.5.22
Loosen the SB-22ss mounting foot lock nut. Slide the SB-22s into the cameras accessory shoe and tighten the lock nut.
the 3 Wait fortakingready-light to come on and make sure the subject is in focus before the picture.
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates the light may have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a wider aperture (smaller f-number) or move closer to the subject. You can also check if the subject will receive the correct exposure by test firing the SB-22s. Refer to Checking the Correct Exposure.
For example, if the flash-to-subject distance is 5m (16.4 ft.), set the flash mode selector to A4 (f/2.8), A3 (f/4) or A2 (f/5.6) when using ISO 100 film with the angle of coverage adjusted to N-35mm. Underexposure may occur if A1 (f/8) is selected. Using an aperture wider than the maximum aperture of the lens in use is not recommended. To determine the correct flash shooting distance range and aperture, refer to Checking the Correct Exposure.
same aperture as indicated 3 Set thepanel on your camera or lenson the aperture/shooting distance range aperture ring.
To set the aperture on Zoom-Nikkor lenses having variable maximum apertures, refer to Setting Apertures on Zoom-Nikkor Lenses having Variable Maximum Apertures.

For example, selecting f/4 lets you get the flash shooting distance range from 0.9m to N 35 mm 7.0m (3 ft. to 23 ft.) with angle of coverage at OFF ON STBY FLASH READY BOUNCE N-35mm and a film speed of ISO 100. JAPAN In this case, underexposure may occur when the subject is more than 7.0 m (23 ft.) away. For other shooting distance ranges, apertures, and ISO film speeds, refer to the table below.
the 4 Wait fortakingready-light to come on and make sure the subject is in focus before the picture.
Setting Apertures on Zoom-Nikkor Lenses having Variable Maximum Apertures
Setting the aperture using the camera aperture dial:
For example, F5, F100, F80-Series/N80-Series, F65-Series/N65-Series, F60-Series/N60, F50-Series/N50, F-401x/N5005, F-401s/N4004s, F-401/N4004, Pronea 600i/6i, D1 Series cameras with Nikkor lenses with a built-in CPU*: First set the lens to its minimum aperture (largest f-number) (except G-type Nikkor lenses**), then set the aperture on the camera using the aperture dial or button after zooming in or out to determine the focal length setting. In this way, the variable aperture will be automatically compensated by the camera.
For other camera/lens combination:
For example, F-501/ N2020, F-301/N2000, FM3A, FA, FE2, FG, Nikonos V, F3-Series, New FM2, FM10, FE10 with all other Nikkor and Nikon lenses except G-type Nikkor lenses.
(Use the following method for cameras listed on the left when combined with Nikkor lenses without a built-in CPU.)
Determining an appropriate flash shooting distance range and apertures in the Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode
1 line upward 2 Follow the appropriate vertical the distance from the shooting distance on
Determine the shooting distance. scale until it meets one of the flash shooting distance range indicators. Then follow the flash shooting distance range indicator horizontally and you will find the appropriate apertures.
Setting the aperture on the cameras LCD panel using the lens aperture ring:
5 Adjust the flash head to the front position.

4 5.22 32

The BOUNCE indicator LED blinks when the flash head is tilted down to the 7 or tilted up. Make sure the LED is not blinking. For more details, refer to Bounce Flash. The SB-22s comes with a wide flash adapter to increase the angle of coverage to match a 28mm focal length lens. Refer to Setting the Built-In Wide Flash Adapter. When no wide flash adapter is set, the SB-22s provides an angle of coverage to match a 35mm or longer focal length lens.
the 6 Slidespeedfilm speed (ISO) selector to align film speed (ISO) in use with the film (ISO) index.
For example, if youre using ISO 100 film, align 100 with the film speed (ISO) index. Operations explained in this manual are based I SO 2 on the assumption that the correct film speed is 50 2.4 set on the SB-22s, which is necessary for 200 5.checking the flash shooting distance range and aperture values on the aperture/shooting 22 distance range panel. However, because there 10 m 0.6 0.9 1.3 ft is no electrical connection between the ISO N 35 mm OFF ON STBY selector and the flash unit circuitry, flash firing and flash output will not be affected, even if the ISO scale is accidentally changed by moving the film speed (ISO) selector.

Determining whether the subject will receive the correct exposure in TTL and Non-TTL Auto Flash modes by test firing the SB-22s.
1 Follow the same procedures as in TTL Auto Flash TTL or Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode.
In TTL mode, set the flash mode selector to either A1, A2, A3 or A4 to line up the same aperture set on the camera or lens aperture ring with that indicated on the aperture/shooting distance range panel. If the apertures are out of the range of available apertures possible at A1 to A4, the correct exposure cannot be determined before shooting.
Conditions necessary to activate the AF assist illuminator LED:
The subject must be sufficiently dark. AF Nikkor lenses must be used. Lenses from 24mm (35mm for F-501/N2020**) to 105mm are recommended. The cameras autofocus mode is set to Single Servo Autofocus (Set cameras focus mode selector to AF for F50-series/N50*, and A for F-401x/N5005*, F-401s/N4004s* and F-401/N4004*). Focus lock is not employed. The SB-22ss ready-light is on.
*Sold exclusively in the USA **Sold exclusively in the USA and Canada
Refer to the following table to determine if your batteries should be replaced or recharged. (For more information, see Notes on Batteries.)
Type of batteries installed Zinc-carbon Alkaline-manganese Lithium NiCd (rechargeable) Ni-MH (rechargeable) Ready-light takes More than 30 seconds to light up. More than 10 seconds to light up. Recharge batteries. Remedy Replace batteries.
Exposure compensation in Non-TTL Auto Flash A mode
Set a different aperture on the camera or lens aperture ring without changing the flash mode selector. When shooting a subject containing highly reflective surfaces, set a larger aperture (smaller f-number). When the background is very dark, or the subject is in deep shadows, set a smaller aperture (larger f-number).
No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical articles or reviews), may be made without written authorization from NIKON CORPORATION.
2 Wait fortothe ready-light to come on and press the SB-22ss FLASH button fire the flash.
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates the light may have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a wider aperture (smaller f-number) or move close to the subject.
Exposure compensation in Manual M mode

Intentionally change the aperture set on the camera or lens aperture ring. When you want an overexposed picture, set a wider aperture (smaller f-number) than the one calculated. For an underexposed picture, use a smaller aperture (larger f-number).

NIKON CORPORATION

FUJI BLDG., 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100-8331, JAPAN Printed in Japan

Bounce Flash

When taking pictures indoors, direct flash often causes harsh, unattractive shadows on the subject or background. By bouncing the light off the ceiling or walls, you can soften the shadows and produce more natural-looking portraits.
Bounce flash using diffused light Normal flash using direct flash

Close-Up Flash

In TTL Auto Flash TTL mode, when shooting subjects such as flowers or insects closer than 0.6m (2 ft), use your SB-22s off camera and utilize its built-in wide flash adapter to take close-up pictures with flash.
Setting the Built-In Wide Flash Adapter
The SB-22s comes with a wide flash adapter to increase the angle of coverage to match a 28mm lens. The guide number is reduced from 28 to 20 (ISO 100, meters) when the built-in wide flash adapter is used.

Troubleshooting

Warning indicator Cause POWER switch is turned OFF. Batteries are not installed correctly. Ready-light does not come on. Battery power is weak. Standby function is in operation. Contacts in the battery chamber (SB-22s) or battery electrodes are corroded. Ready-light blinks for approx. 3 sec. after shooting. Subject is out of the flash shooting distance range. Batteries are exhausted. Reference/remedy Preparation (4) Preparation (2) The Ready-Light Preparation (4) Clean the contacts or electrodes.

WARNING

Never attempt to disassemble or repair the SB-22s yourself as this may cause electric shock or cause the unit to malfunction, leading to possible injury. Do not drop the SB-22s or hit it against a hard surface. If dropped, do not touch the metal portions inside the flash, because they could cause electric shock or injury. Remove the batteries and take the unit to your local Nikon dealer for repair. If you detect heat, smoke, or the smell of burning, stop operation immediately and remove the batteries to prevent the unit from catching on fire or burning. Let the SB-22s cool down sufficiently before removing batteries. Then take the unit to your local Nikon dealer for repair. The SB-22s should not be exposed to rain or saltwater. If water gets inside the SB-22s, this can cause electric shock or cause the unit to catch on fire. Also never touch the flash unit with wet hands. Do not operate the SB-22s in an environment containing a combustible gas, as this may cause the unit to catch on fire or result in an explosion. Keep batteries out of the reach of children. If a battery is accidentally swallowed, call a doctor immediately. When replacing batteries, replace all four batteries at the same time, do not mix battery types or brands, do not use old with new batteries, and never reverse the polarity of the batteries when installing. Otherwise, the batteries may catch on fire or explode, due the possible leakage of corrosive liquids. In the event that corrosive liquids do seep from the batteries, avoid touching the liquids. Certain types of batteries contain strong alkaline liquids which can cause chemical burns. If the alkaline liquids stick to your skin or clothes, wash immediately with running water.

Setting the wide flash adapter
1 Tilt the flash head to the 90 position. 2 Slide out.the wide flash adapter in the direction of the arrow as far as it will go
In color photography, select white or highly reflective surfaces to bounce the light off of. Otherwise, your pictures will come out with an unnatural color cast similar to that of the reflecting surface.
Checking the Correct Exposure The Ready-Light Allow longer recycling time between flashes or wait until they cool off. Notes on Batteries Bounce Flash Operation Non-TTL Auto Flash A Mode (1) Manual Flash M Mode (1)
the SB-22s to your camera using an optional 1 Connect optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 (or SC-24 for F4 TTL Remote aCord. Use an cameras with HighMagnification Finder DW-20 or DW-21, and F5 cameras with a HighMagnification Finder DW-30 or DW-31) for connecting the SB-22s to your camera. The subject cannot be sufficiently illuminated if the flash unit is attached to the cameras accessory shoe. For details on connections, refer to the SC-17 or SC-24s instruction manual.
Ready-light takes longer to light up.
Lithium batteries become hot by repeated use which activate their safety circuit, thus cutting off power. SB-22ss flash head is tilted from the front position. Flash mode selector is set to A1, A2, A3, A4 or M, and cameras exposure mode is set to Programmed auto or Shutter-priority auto mode.
Tilt up the SB-22ss flash head to 60 or more.
BOUNCE indicator LED lights up.
Set the cameras exposure mode to Aperture-priority auto (A) or Manual (M).
Set your cameras metering system to any setting. The shutter speed is automatically set to the flash sync speed when the SB-22ss POWER is turned on. (Or you can intentionally set the shutter speed to one slower than the flash sync speed.) For the FM3A camera, set a shutter speed slower than 1/250 sec., the flash sync speed.
Do not tilt down the flash head from 90 position when the wide flash adapter is extended midway.
Shutter cannot be released even when the ready-light lights up.
Return the flash head to its original position
The BOUNCE indicator LED blinks when the flash head is tilted. The flash head can be tilted up to 90. Intermediate settings can also be used.
3 Set the flash mode selector to TTL.

A M TTL I SO

Tips on Speedlight Care
When the wide flash adapter is set, the angle of coverage changes from N-35mm to W-28mm, and the distance scale also moves. Use a blower brush to remove dirt and dust from the SB-22s and clean it with a soft, clean cloth. Never use commercial cleaners containing thinner, benzene, or alcohol as they could damage its plastic parts. When storing the SB-22s for two weeks or longer, remove the batteries to prevent battery leakage. Also once a month, insert fresh batteries and fire the unit several times to reform its capacitor and keep the SB-22s in top working order. Finally make sure the ready-light is on, before turning the power off and removing the batteries. Keep the SB-22s away from chemicals such as camphor or naphthalene. Also avoid exposing it to magnetic waves from TVs or radios. Never store the SB-22s in the truck or glove compartment of a vehicle during the summer nor place it in front of a heater.

If the angle of the flash head is not far enough off axis from the subject, uneven illumination will result from a combination of direct and bounced flash.

2 2.5.11 16

Do not fire the flash directly into a persons eyes at close range as this may damage the retina, leading to partial or complete blindness. Keep the SB-22s out of the reach of children. This will prevent them from swallowing batteries or getting an electric shock. Do not throw used batteries into a fire. Do not short circuit, disassemble, or heat a battery; this may cause it to explode or catch on fire.
Any metering system is acceptable. For Nikon FM3A, New FM2 and FM10 cameras, manually set the shutter speed to the flash sync shutter speed or slower. For other cameras, the shutter speed is automatically set to the flash sync speed. (Or you can intentionally set the shutter speed to one slower than the flash sync speed.) Refer to your cameras instruction manual for details.
Detaching the wide flash adapter
Correct exposure cannot be obtained in non-TTL auto flash A mode.
the built-in 4 Set subject. wide flash adapter. Then adjust the flash head toward the
Refer to Setting the Built-In Wide Flash Adapter. The angle of coverage changes from N-35mm to W-28mm.
the SB-22ss flash mode A1, 3 Set aperture on the camera orselector to TTL,ring. A2, A3 or A4, then set the lens aperture
1 Tilt the flash head to the 90 position. the wide 2 While pushinginside the flash adapter.lock button adapter back flash head

, slide the wide flash

I SO 2.5.11 16
With bounce flash, there is a 2 to 3 stop light loss when compared with normal TTL or nonTTL auto flash modes. Therefore, you should open up the lens by 2 to 3 stops (use smaller f-numbers) and bracket your exposures, whenever possible. For details on the flash mode selector (TTL, A1-A4) and aperture values, refer to TTL Auto Flash TTL Mode, Non-TTL Auto Flash A Mode, or Checking the Correct Exposure.
the aperture on the lens 5 Set f/stop using the equationaperture ring or on the camera by calculating the and table below.
coefficient f/stop (aperture) flash-to-subject distance (m/ft) ISO film speed and coefficient (m/ft)
ISO film speed Coefficient 25 1.5 (4.9) 50 2.2 (7.2) (9.8) 200 4.3 (14) (20) 800 8.5 (27.9) 1000 9.6 (31.5)

Notes on Batteries

Handling batteries Battery power tends to weaken as the temperature drops. At low temperatures, the number of flashes decrease and recycling time is longer. NiCd, Ni-MH and lithium batteries feature greater efficiency at low temperatures, usable as low as 20C (4F). Alkaline-manganese and zinc-carbon batteries are not recommended as their performance become noticeably degraded at 10C (14 F) for alkalinemanganese and 0C (32F) for zinc-carbon batteries. In either case, battery performance may differ with each brand, due to modification in specifications or improvement in performance. Using lithium batteries Lithium batteries incorporate internal safety switches. When they become hot, their safety circuits are activated, cutting off power. Battery power will recover if you stop using them, allowing their temperature to return to normal. Using rechargeable NiCd and Ni-MH batteries Overcharging and excessive use may shorten battery life. Always make certain to turn the SB-22s off when not in use. Because flash consumes a large amount of battery power, rechargeable batteries may not operate properly before reaching the end of their stated life-span or the number of charging/discharging as specified by the battery manufacturer.

Always follow the warning instructions printed on batteries to prevent them from becoming hot, leaking corrosive liquids, catching on fire, or exploding. When recharging NiCd or Ni-MH batteries, be sure to use the battery charger specified by the battery maker and read the instructions thoroughly. Do not recharge NiCd or Ni-MH batteries with their terminals reversed in the charger or before the batteries have cooled off sufficiently, as this may cause them to leak corrosive liquids, become hot, catch on fire, or explode. Non-rechargeable batteries such as zinc-carbon, alkaline-manganese and lithium batteries should not be charged in a battery charger as they may become hot, catch on fire, explode, or leak corrosive liquids.
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates the light may have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a wider aperture or reduce the distance between the subject and the SB-22s, where the distance is measured from the flash to the bounce surface and back again to the subject. You can also check if the subject will receive the correct exposure by test firing the SB-22s. Refer to Checking the Correct Exposure.
For example, with a subject 0.5m (1.6 ft.) away from the SB-22ss flash head using ISO 100 film and the wide flash adapter in place, the suggested aperture is: 3 0.5 9.8 f/stop 1.6 f/stop (in meters) = 6 (in feet) = approx. 6
3 Return the flash head to its original position
Therefore, you should use f/6 or smaller (larger f-number), such as f/8, f/11 or f/16.
When shooting subjects closer than 1 m (3.3 ft.)
Tilt the flash head down to the -7 position when shooting subjects 1 m (approx. 3.3 ft.) or closer to give sufficient light to the subject with the SB-22s mounted on camera. The BOUNCE indicator LED blinks when the flash head is tilted down to -7. Use of the wide flash adapter is recommended.
the 6 Wait fortakingready-light to come on and make sure the subject is in focus before the picture.
If the ready-light blinks for approx. 3 seconds after shooting, this indicates the light may have been insufficient for correct exposure. In this case, use a wider aperture (smaller f-number) or move closer to the subject.

Specifications

Electronic construction Automatic Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and series circuitry. Power source Four AA-type zinc-carbon, alkaline-manganese, lithium (1.5V), NiCd (rechargeable) or Ni-MH (rechargeable) penlight batteries. Guide number (at ISO 100, m) 28 at N-35mm; 20 at W-28mm (with wide flash adapter) Angle of coverage

Horizontal Vertical Usable lens 35mm or longer 28mm or longer

ISO 5.32

m 0.ft 2

Multiple Flash Operation

To eliminate harsh shadows produced by a single flash unit, add additional illumination to the background, or create special lighting effects not possible with a single flash unit, you can attach Nikon Speedlights in series.
Flash shooting with more than one unit Flash shooting with one flash unit

Optional Accessories

TTL multiple flash operation NOTE
TTL multiple flash operation is not possible with Nikon New FM2, FM10, FE10 and D1 Series cameras. In this case, perform non-TTL or manual multiple flash operation using the SU-4.
The SB-22ss sync/multiple flash terminal
This terminal is provided for connecting the SB-22s to your camera using Sync Cord SC-11 or SC-15 (for instance, if your camera does not have an accessory shoe) or when you want to perform Multiple Flash photography in Manual M mode with the SB-22s.

N-35mm W-28mm

ON ST OFF

BOUN CE

(ft) ) 92 28(m 100) GN(ISO
1 Or use the TTL Remote Cord SC-17/SC-24 or Power Bracket Unit SK-6 instead. main flash unit the unit(s) 2 Connect themore TTL RemotetoCordssecondary flashthe TTL Multi-Flash Use one or SC-18/SC-19 or
Connect the main flash unit to the camera directly.
Multiple flash operation can be accomplished in two ways: (1) by connecting a Speedlight to the camera using a sync or remote cord such as TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or (2) by mounting a Speedlight on the Wireless Slave Flash Controller SU-4 (optional). In both cases, TTL multiple flash operation is possible with Nikon cameras in the TTL Auto Flash mode. Adapter AS-10. Use the Wireless Slave Flash Controller SU-4 to control remotely one or more slave flash units in the TTL flash mode. For other optional remote cords, refer to Optional Accessories.
When the SB-22ss sync terminal is connected to your camera via the Sync Cord SC-11 or SC-15, automatic flash sync speed setting and viewfinder ready-light no longer function. To retain these features, use optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24 which attach directly to your cameras accessory shoe. Sync Cord SC-11 and SC-15 Sync Cords SC-11 and SC-15 are handy when you want to use the SB-22s off-camera or for use with cameras without accessory shoes. The SC-11 is approx. 25 cm (9.8 in.) long and the SC-15 is approx. 1m (3.2 ft) long. Use Sync Terminal Adapter AS-15 when connecting the SB-22s to cameras not having a sync terminal. TTL Remote Cord SC-17 and SC-24 The TTL Remote Cords SC-17/24 provide TTL Auto Flash operation when the SB-22s is used off-camera. It comes with one tripod socket and two TTL multiple flash terminals. Both the SC-17 and SC-24 are approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft) long. TTL Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-18 and SC-19 Multi-Flash Sync Cords SC-18 or SC-19 are useful for connecting the SB-22s to the multiple flash terminal of the SC-17 (SC-24) or AS-10 for TTL multiple flash operation. The SC-18 is approx. 1.5 m (4.9 ft) long, and the SC-19 is approx. 3 m (9.8 ft) long. TTL Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 Use Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 when connecting more than three flash units together for TTL multiple flash operation, or if the secondary flash units are not equipped with multiple flash terminals. The AS-10 comes with one tripod socket and three TTL multiple flash terminals. Sync Terminal Adapter AS-15 The Sync Terminal Adapter AS-15 is necessary when using Sync Cords SC-11/SC-15 to connect the flash unit to cameras not having a sync terminal. Flash Unit Coupler AS-4 and AS-7 Necessary when mounting the SB-22s on F3-series cameras. In this case, TTL auto flash is not possible. Wireless Slave Flash Controller SU-4 Useful for multiple flash photography, the SU-4 features a built-in, movable light sensor and an accessory shoe for attachment of a slave Speedlight. The SU-4s light sensor not only triggers the slave unit to fire in unison with the master flash, but controls the flash duration of the slave unit in sync with the master unit to provide TTL, non-TTL, or Manual operation. TTL Flash Unit Coupler AS-17 for F3-Series cameras Dedicated adapter for F3-Series cameras providing TTL flash operation with Nikon Speedlights such as SB-29 and SB-28 featuring ISO-type mounting foot (not designed for F3).

Bounce capability Flash head can be tilted down to -7 or up to 90. The BOUNCE indicator LED blinks whenever the flash head is tilted. POWER switch Three positions are provided: OFF, ON and STBY (standby). At STBY position: the SB-22s automatically turns itself off to conserve battery when the flash is not used for approx. 80 seconds. Number of flashes and recycling times
Batteries*1 AA-type zinc-carbon AA-type alkaline-manganese AA-type NiCd (700mAh)*4 AA-type Ni-MH (1200mAh) AA-type lithium (1.5V)
Min. recycling time (approx.)*2 No. of flashes (approx.)*3
Set each flash unit by considering its direction and distance.
Please note that the brightness of flash illumination is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the flash unit and the subject when the same Speedlight models are used for both the master and slave Speedlights. For example, if the flash-to-subject distance is a reference unit of 1 (e.g., 1m), the brightness will be one-half that when the subject is 1.4 times away, and onequarter when the subject is twice as far away. For details on connections, refer to the SC-17, SC-18, SC-19, or SC-24s instruction manual.
10 sec. 5 sec. 3.6 sec. 4.5 sec. 5.5 sec.
Notes on multiple flash operation using a sync or remote cord:
SB-11, SB-14, SB-140 and SB-21B Speedlights cannot be used with Nikon F-401/N4004 or F-401s/N4004s as either main or secondary units. In multiple flash operation, if the electric current in the synchro circuit exceeds a certain level, you may not be able to take a second shot after the first. In this case, disconnect the main flash unit from the camera. This resets the circuits so you can resume shooting. In multiple flash operation, take care that the combined total of the coefficients in the table below for all flash units used together does not exceed 20 at 20C (68F), or 13 at 40C (104F). Speedlight coefficient per each unit
Speedlight SB-50DX, SB-29, SB-28/28DX, SB-27, SB-26, SB-25, SB-24, SB-22s, SB-14, SB-11, SB-140 SB-23, SB-21, SB-17, SB-16, SB-15 SB-22 SB-20
Coefficient numbers are in units of 70A.
4 Turn on all flash units and make sure their standby functions are not activated. Set the flash mode on all flash units to TTL. Follow the same procedures as in normal TTL Auto Flash TTL mode.
Manual multiple flash operation
*1 With fresh batteries *2 Duration until the ready-light comes on after firing at full manual output. *3 Total number of flashes when fired at full manual output at an interval of 30 seconds without using the AF assist illuminator LED. *mAh NiCd batteries provide approx. 1.4 times the number of flashes of 700 mAh NiCd batteries with the same recycling time.

4 Turn on all flash units and make sure their standby functions are not activated. 5 Set the flash mode of all the flash units to Manual M. 6 Follow the same procedures as in normal Manual flash M mode.