WARRANTY AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY
All Garmin avionics products are warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for: two years from the date of purchase for new Remote-Mount and Panel-Mount products; one year from the date of purchase for new portable products and any purchased newly-overhauled products; six months for newly-overhauled products exchanged through a Garmin Authorized Service Center; and 90 days for factory repaired or newly-overhauled products exchanged at Garmin in lieu of repair. Within the applicable period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost. This warranty does not apply to: (i) cosmetic damage, such as scratches, nicks and dents; (ii) consumable parts, such as batteries, unless product damage has occurred due to a defect in materials or workmanship; (iii) damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse, water, flood, fire, or other acts of nature or external causes; (iv) damage caused by service performed by anyone who is not an authorized service provider of Garmin; or (v) damage to a product that has been modified or altered without the written permission of Garmin. In addition, Garmin reserves the right to refuse warranty claims against products or services that are obtained and/or used in contravention of the laws of any country. THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace (with a new or newly-overhauled replacement product) the product or software or offer a full refund of the purchase price at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY. Online Auction Purchases: Products purchased through online auctions are not eligible for warranty coverage. Online auction conrmations are not accepted for warranty verication. To obtain warranty service, an original or copy of the sales receipt from the original retailer is required. Garmin will not replace missing components from any package purchased through an online auction. International Purchases: A separate warranty may be provided by international distributors for devices purchased outside the United States depending on the country. If applicable, this warranty is provided by the local in-country distributor and this distributor provides local service for your device. Distributor warranties are only valid in the area of intended distribution. Devices purchased in the United States or Canada must be returned to the Garmin service center in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, or Taiwan for service. To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locating a Service Center near you, visit the Garmin Website at http://www.garmin.com or contact Garmin Customer Service at 800-800-1020.

After becoming familiar with the basics, some suggested reading within this Pilots Guide includes: Flight plan features - Section 5 IFR procedures - Section 6 Waypoint information pages (database information) - Section 7 Unit settings (configuring the unit to the pilots preferences) - Section 10 If more information is needed, Garmins Customer Service staff is available during normal business hours (U.S. Central time zone) at the phone and fax numbers listed on page ii. Garmin can also be reached by mail (page ii) or at our website address, www.garmin.com.

Powering up the GNS 430

The GNS 430s power and COM volume are controlled using the COM Power/Volume Knob at the top left corner of the unit. Turning it clockwise turns unit power on and increases the COM radio volume. After turning the unit on, a welcome page appears briefly while the unit performs a self test, followed sequentially by the Unit Type Page (Figure 1-3) and the Software Version Page. Then (depending on configuration) the Weather Page, the Traffic Page, the Aviation Data Page, the Land/Terrain/ Obstacles Database Page, and the Situational Awareness Page are sequentially displayed.
Figure 1-3 Unit Type Page
The Database Versions Page (Figure 1-4) appears next, which shows the current database information on the NavData and Terrain Data cards. Database information highlighted in yellow indicates the database is not within its effective dates. The NavData database is updated every 28 days and must be current for approved instrument approach operations. Information on database subscriptions is available inside the GNS 430 package. To ensure that the GNS 430 and any connected instruments are working properly, check for the following indications on the CDI/HSI, RMI, external annunciators, and other connected instruments: Course deviation - Half left/no flag TO/FROM flag - TO Bearing to destination - 135 Distance to destination - 10.0 nm All external annunciators (if installed) - On Glideslope - Half up/no flag Time to destination - 4 minutes Desired track - 149.5 Ground speed - 150 knots

Since using flight plans is arguably one of the more complex features of the GNS 430, it will be discussed only briefly here, with focus on creating a new flight plan and activating it to use for navigation. Answers to additional questions about flight plans not found in this brief introduction can be found in Section 5, Flight Plans. To create a new flight plan: 1) 2) 3) Press the FPL Key. Turn the small right knob to select the Flight Plan Catalog Page. Press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure 1-32).
Figure 1-33 Enter Flight Plan Waypoints
Repeat steps 5 and 6, above, until all waypoints for the flight plan have been entered (Figure 1-33).
Once the flight plan is created, it may be activated from the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. Activating the flight plan places it into flight plan 00 (a copy of it still resides in the original catalog location) and replaces any flight plan which currently exists in flight plan 00. To activate the new flight plan: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. Turn the small right knob to select Activate Flight Plan? (Figure 1-34) and press the ENT Key
Figure 1-32 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu
Turn the large right knob to select Create New Flight Plan? and press the ENT Key. The cursor appears on the first waypoint identifier field (located directly below WAYPOINT). Use the large and small right knobs to enter the identifier of the first waypoint in the flight plan. (The small knob is used to select the desired letter or number and the large knob is used to move to the next character space.) Press the ENT Key once the identifier has been selected. The cursor moves to the next blank waypoint identifier field.
Figure 1-34 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

Blank Page

SECTION 2 COM

SECTION 2: COM

2.1 Communicating using the GNS 430
The GNS 430 features a digitally-tuned VHF COM radio that provides a seamless transition from communication to navigation, bringing the two most important functions in flying together in one panel-mounted unit. The GNS 430s COM radio operates in the aviation voice band, from 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, in 25 kHz steps (default). For European operations, a COM radio configuration to allow for 8.33 kHz steps is also provided (Section 10.5, Setup 2 Page: COM Configuration).

To select a COM frequency for a nearby flight service station (FSS) or center (ARTCC): 1) 2) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST Page Group. Turn the small right knob to select the Nearest Center or Nearest Flight Service Page (Figure 2-7). 2) To select a COM frequency for any airport in the flight plan: 1) Select the NAV/COM Page from the NAV Page Group. (Section 3.1, or press and hold the CLR Key, then turn the small right knob until the NAV/COM Page appears.) Press the small right knob to place the cursor on the airport identifier field. To the left of this field appears Departure, Enroute, or Arrival, depending on the placement of the displayed airport within the flight plan. Turn the small right knob to display a window (Figure 2-8) listing the airports in the flight plan. Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired airport.
Figure 2-7 Nearest ARTCC Page

3) 4) 5)

Press the small right knob momentarily to place the cursor on the page. Turn the large right knob to highlight the FSS/ARTCC frequency. Press the ENT Key to place the frequency in the standby field of the COM Window. 4)
Figure 2-8 NAV/COM Page Airport Window
Press the ENT Key to return to the NAV/COM Page with the frequencies for the selected airport. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired frequency. Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted frequency in the standby COM Window field.
To select a COM frequency for any airport in the database: 1) 2) Turn the large right knob to select the WPT Page Group. Turn the small right knob to select the Airport Frequencies Page (Figure 2-9).

Emergency Channel

The GNS 430s emergency channel select provides a quick method of selecting 121.500 MHz as the active frequency in the event of an in-flight emergency. Emergency channel select is available anytime the unit is on, regardless of GPS or cursor status, or loss of the display.
To quickly tune and activate 121.500: Press and hold the COM Flip-flop Key (or COM Remote Transfer Switch) for approximately two seconds (Figure 2-10).
Figure 2-9 Airport Frequencies Page
Press the small right knob to place the cursor on the airport identifier field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the desired airport. Press the ENT Key when finished. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired frequency. Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted frequency in the standby COM Window field.

Table 3-4

To change map orientation: 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right knob to highlight Setup Map? (Figure 3-16) and press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small right knob to select Map (Figure 3-17) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 3-17 Map Setup Window
Turn the large right knob to highlight the Orientation field. Turn the small right knob to select the desired option.
a) Select DTK up to fix the top of the Map Display to the desired course. b) Select North up to fix the top of the Map Display to a north heading. c) Select Track up (Figure 3-18) to adjust the top of the Map Display to the current track heading.
For most entries in Table 3-4, on, off, and range are the available selections for display of each information type.
NOTE: Large, medium, and small classifications are used on the GNS 430 for airports and cities. Large airports are those with a runway longer than 8100 feet. Medium airports include those with a runway longer than 5000 feet or with a control tower. Large cities are those with approximate populations greater than 200,000 and medium cities with greater than 50,000.
Figure 3-18 Orientation Window
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option (Figure 3-19). 3) 4) 5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the appropriate field. Turn the small right knob to select On or Off. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.
Figure 3-19 Map Setup Page
The automatic zoom feature automatically adjusts the map range from 2000 nm through each lower range, stopping at 1.0 nm when approaching the destination waypoint. To enable/disable automatic zoom: 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right knob to highlight Setup Map? and press the ENT Key. 2) 3) 4) 5) Turn the small right knob to select Map and press the ENT Key. Turn the large right knob to highlight the Auto Zoom field. Turn the small right knob to select On or Off. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.
To display airports, NAVAIDs, active flight plan waypoints, user-created waypoints, state/provincial boundaries, rivers/lakes, and cities: 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right knob to highlight Setup Map? and press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small right knob to select the appropriate group name (per the table on the preceding page) and press the ENT Key. Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom field for the desired feature. Turn the small right knob to select the maximum range at which the feature should appear on screen (or select Off to never display the selected feature). Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option. Turn the large right knob to highlight the text field for the desired feature. Turn the small right knob to select the desired text size, or select None to disable text descriptions. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.

Figure 5-30 Active Flight Plan Page Menu
A confirmation window appears listing the procedure to be removed. With Yes? highlighted, press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-32 Closest Point of Flight Plan Window
To determine the closest point, along the active flight plan, to a selected waypoint: 1) Select the Closest Point of FPL? option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-31) and press the ENT Key.
The GNS 430 displays the bearing (BRG) and distance (DIST) to the closest point along the flight plan, from the selected reference waypoint. To create a user waypoint at this location and add it to the flight plan, highlight Load? and press the ENT Key. The name for the new user waypoint is derived from the identifier of the reference waypoint.
Figure 5-31 Active Flight Plan Page Menu
A number of shortcuts are available to save time when using the Active Flight Plan Page. These shortcuts speed the process of removing approaches, departures, and arrivals, and aid in selecting a specific flight plan leg for navigation guidance. On the preceding page, options to remove approaches, departures, and arrivals were introduced. This process may also be completed using the CLR Key, as follows: To remove an approach, departure, or arrival using the CLR Key: 1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Turn the large right knob to highlight the title for the approach (Figure 5-33), departure, or arrival to be deleted. Titles appear in light blue directly above the procedures waypoints.
Press the CLR Key to display a confirmation window (Figure 5-34).
Figure 5-34 Remove Approach Window
With Yes? highlighted, press the ENT Key to remove the selected procedure.
This same process may also be used to remove individual waypoints from the active flight plan. To remove a waypoint using the CLR Key: 1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Turn the large right knob to highlight the identifier for the waypoint to be deleted. Identifiers appear in green text. Press the CLR Key to display a confirmation window (Figure 5-35).
Figure 5-33 Highlight Item To Be Deleted
Figure 5-35 Remove Waypoint Window

Upon reaching the desired altitude (5000), press the OBS Key to return to automatic leg sequencing. Confirm that SUSP no longer appears directly above the OBS Key. An alert (NEXT DTK 126) appears, providing guidance to the inbound course (Figure 6-67) The actual desired track (DTK) depends on ground speed and distance from PMD VOR. Intercept and fly the inbound course.
Figure 6-67 Waypoint Alert
6) When approaching PMD VOR (the missed approach holding point), an alert message in the lower right-hand corner of the screen recommends the holding pattern entry procedure (HOLD PARALLEL). When flying the holding pattern, a timer appears on the Default NAV Page. The timer automatically resets on each outbound and inbound portion of the holding pattern. Note that the GNS 430 again displays SUSP above the OBS Key. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended at the missed approach holding point. A waypoint alert (APPRCHING WPT) appears in the lower right corner of the screen each time the aircraft approaches PMD VOR in the holding pattern. When leaving the holding pattern, press the PROC Key to reactivate the approach, or select a different approach, or press the Direct-to Key to select another destination. Course from fix to manual sequence legs appear on the Active Flight Plan Page and the Map Page with man seq in place of a waypoint identifier. An example of this type of course leg appears in the COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE from Westfield, Massachusetts (Barnes Muni). The example leg corresponds to the departure leg from Barnes Municipal and appears (as in Figure 6-68) on the Active Flight Plan Page and the Default NAV Page:
COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE (CSTL1.CCC)

DEPARTING BARNES MUNI,

Fly assigned heading and altitude for radar vectors to HFD VOR. Expect clearance to requested flight level 10 minutes after departure. From over HFD VOR, proceed via the HFD R-143 to Thumb Int, then via the HTO R-010 to Yoder Int, then via the CCC R-057 to CCC VOR. Then via transition or assigned route.
Figure 6-68 Coastal One Departure
Refer to Figure 6-68 for the following steps. 1) Select the departure (CSTL1) from the Procedures Page, then select the departure runway, (RW02 in this example, see Figure 6-69) and transition (GEDIC). Refer to Section 6.1 for instructions on selecting departures. 3) Fly the outbound course. When cleared to sequence to the next leg, press the OBS Key. Confirm that SUSP no longer appears directly above the OBS Key. An alert (NEXT DTK 186) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-71) to provide guidance to the next waypoint (HFD VOR). The actual desired track (DTK) depends on ground speed and distance from HFD VOR.
Figure 6-69 Runway Window
When departing the airfield, NEXT DTK 026 appears in the lower right corner of the screen and SUSP appears directly above the OBS Key, which indicates the aircraft is now on the course-from-fix-to-manual-sequence leg. The distance displayed on the Active Flight Plan Page, the Default NAV Page (Figure 6-70), and the Map Page is FROM the waypoint fix (the departure runway in this example).

Figure 6-82 ILS Approach Course
Refer to Figure 6-82 for the following steps. 8) Initiate the procedure turn. The GNS 430 does not provide guidance through the turn. (The procedure turn is displayed on the Map Page and indicated as the active leg on the Default NAV Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.) After approximately one minute, make a turn to intercept the ILS. The GNS 430 sequences to the inbound leg and NEXT DTK 210 (Figure 6-83) appears in the lower right corner of the screen. CDI coupling automatically switches from the GPS receiver to the VLOC receiver as the pilot completes the inbound turn. (If the ILS frequency has not been activated, per step 4, this automatic CDI switching does not occur.)
11) When approaching the FAF (SHUTR), 0.30nm appears in the lower left corner of the screen indicating a CDI scale transition from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection (Figure 6-84). (This scale transition applies only to the Default NAV Pages on-screen CDI, since the external CDI or HSI is now coupled to the VLOC receiver. GPS approach mode is not activated for precision approaches, since the VLOC receiver must be used for primary navigation.)
Figure 6-84 Final Approach
Figure 6-86 Default NAV Page

Figure 6-87 Map Page

Figure 6-85 Final Approach, Flagstaff
Refer to Figure 6-85 for the following steps. 12) When approaching SHUTR, a waypoint alert (NEXT DTK 210) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-84). 13) After crossing SHUTR, the destination sequences to the MAP (RW21, the runway threshold, see Figure 6-86). Fly toward the MAP. (When viewing the Map Page as in Figure 6-87, note that the final course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the flight plan always appears in magenta), and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP.)
14) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert (APPRCHING WPT) appears in the lower right corner.
15) After crossing the MAP, SUSP appears above the OBS Key (Figure 6-88), indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended at the MAP. A FROM indication is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, but course guidance along the final approach course continues. Do not follow this extended course. Follow published missed approach procedures, using the OBS Key to initiate the missed approach sequence.

Figure 7-24 Transitions Window
Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the runway field.
7) Turn the small right knob to display a window of available runways (Figure 7-25). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired runway. (ALL may appear in the runway field, indicating the arrival procedure applies to all runways. For airports with parallel runways, B may appear at the end of the runway designation to indicate the arrival procedure applies to both runways.)
Airport Arrival Page Options
The following option is available for the Airport Arrival Page, by pressing the MENU Key: Load into Active FPL? allows the pilot to load the selected arrival into the active flight plan. This is identical to loading an arrival procedure from the Procedures Page, as described in Section 6.1. To load an arrival procedure from the Airport Arrival Page: 1) 2) 3) Select the desired arrival, transition, and runway using the steps above. Press the MENU Key to display the Airport Arrival Page Menu. Press the ENT Key to select the Load into Active FPL? option (Figure 7-26).
Figure 7-25 Runway Window
Figure 7-26 Airport Arrival Page Menu
The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press the FPL Key to return to the Airport Arrival Page.
7.7 Airport Departure Page
The Airport Departure Page (Figure 7-27) shows the available Airport Standard Instrument Departure (SID) procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple runways or transitions are associated with the departure procedure, that information may also be displayed. A map image provides a layout diagram for each departure, runway, and transition.
Airport Identifier, Symbol, and Type Map Image Departure Procedure Name
Figure 7-28 Departure Window
Runways associated with Departure
Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the runway field. Turn the small right knob to display a window of available runways (Figure 7-29). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired runway. ALL may appear in the runway field, indicating the departure procedure applies to all runways. For airports with parallel runways, B may appear at the end of the runway designation to indicate the departure procedure applies to both runways.

Figure 7-53 User Waypoint Name Selected Figure 7-52 User Waypoint List Page
Press the ENT Key to display the User Waypoint Page for the selected waypoint. From this page the pilot may review all information defining the waypoint and its position. To modify the waypoints position or reference waypoint information, follow the steps described in this section. To exit the User Waypoint Page, turn the large right knob to highlight Done? and press the ENT Key.
A rename waypoint confirmation window is displayed (Figure 7-54). With Yes? highlighted, press the ENT Key to rename the selected user waypoint.
Figure 7-54 Rename Waypoint Window
To delete a user waypoint from the User Waypoint List: 1) 2) 3) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired user waypoint. Press the CLR Key to display a delete waypoint confirmation window (Figure 7-55). To delete all user waypoints from memory: 1) 2) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section. Press the MENU Key to display a menu for the User Waypoint List (Figure 7-56).
Figure 7-56 User Waypoint List Page Menu
Figure 7-55 Delete Waypoint Window
With Delete All User Waypoints highlighted, press the ENT Key. A delete all waypoints confirmation window is displayed (Figure 7-57). With Yes? highlighted, press the ENT Key to delete all user waypoints from memory.
With Yes? highlighted, press the ENT Key to delete the selected user waypoint.
Figure 7-57 Delete All Waypoints Window

SECTION 8 NRST PAGES

SECTION 8: NRST PAGES

8.1 NRST Page Group

Section 3.1 introduced the GNS 430s main page groups (Table 8-1)NAV, WPT, AUX, NRSTand described each page in the NAV group. This fourth page group (NRST) provides detailed information for the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user waypoints within 200 nm of the current position. In addition, the NRST pages (Figure 8-1) include the five nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) and center (ARTCC/FIR) points of communication, plus alerts the pilot to any nearby Special Use (SUA) or Controlled Airspaces. Page Groups NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group see Section 3 see Section 7 see Section NRST pages

Table 8-1 Page Groups

To quickly select a NRST page: 1) From any page, press and hold the CLR Key to select the Default NAV Page (Figure 8-2). This step may be skipped if any of the main pages are already displayed.
Figure 8-2 Default NAV Page
Turn the large right knob to select the NRST Page Group (Figure 8-3). NRST appears in the lower right corner of the screen.

Utility Page: RAIM Prediction
To predict RAIM availability: 1) Select RAIM Prediction from the Utility Page (Figure 10-42), using the steps described at the beginning of this section.
Figure 10-40 Trip Statistics Highlighted
Figure 10-42 RAIM Prediction Highlighted
Press the MENU Key to display the Trip Statistics Page Menu with several reset options (Figure 10-41):
The flashing cursor highlights the waypoint field (Figure 10-43). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the waypoint at which the pilot wants to determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT Key when finished. (To determine RAIM availability for the present position, press the CLR Key, followed by the ENT Key.)
Figure 10-41 Trip Statistics Page Menu
Reset Trip? - Resets trip odometer and average ground speed readouts Reset Max Speed? - Resets maximum speed readout only Reset Odometer? - Resets odometer readout only Reset All? - Resets all trip statistics readouts 3) Turn the large right knob to select the desired reset option and press the ENT Key.
GNS 430(A) Pilots Guide and Reference Figure 10-43 RAIM Prediction Page
3) The flashing cursor moves to the arrival date field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the date for which the pilot wants to determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT Key when finished. The flashing cursor moves to the arrival time field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the time for which the pilot wants to determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT Key when finished. The flashing cursor moves to Compute RAIM? (Figure 10-44). Press the ENT Key to begin RAIM prediction. Once calculations are complete, the GNS 430 displays one of the following in the RAIM status field: 2)
Utility Page: Sunrise/Sunset
To calculate sunrise and sunset times at any waypoint or the present position: 1) Select Sunrise/Sunset from the Utility Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section (Figure 10-45).
Figure 10-45 Sunrise Sunset Highlighted
Figure 10-44 Compute RAIM? Highlighted
The flashing cursor highlights the waypoint field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the waypoint at which the pilot wants to determine sunrise and sunset times. Press the ENT Key when finished. To determine sunrise/sunset times for the present position, press the CLR Key, followed by the ENT Key. The flashing cursor moves to the date field (Figure 10-46). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the date for which the pilot wants to determine sunrise and sunset times.
RAIM Not Available - Satellite coverage is predicted to NOT be sufficient for reliable operation during non-precision approaches RAIM Available - Satellite coverage is predicted to be sufficient for reliable operation during all flight phases, including non-precision approaches

Figure 10-77 Minimum Runway Length Field Selected
Setup 2 Page: COM Configuration
To set the COM channel spacing: 1) Select COM Configuration from the Setup 2 Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. The flashing cursor highlights the channel spacing field (Figure 10-78). Turn the small right knob to select the desired channel spacing: 8.33 kHz or 25.0 kHz. Press the ENT Key when finished.
Figure 10-79 COM Setup Page Menu
Figure 10-78 Channel Spacing Window

SECTION 11 TERRAIN

SECTION 11: TERRAIN
NOTE: Not all GNS 430 units are equipped with or configured for TERRAIN. See the 400-series Installation Manual (190-00140-02) for TERRAIN configuration information.

Limitations

NOTE: The data contained in the TERRAIN databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.

11.1 INTRODUCTION

Garmin TERRAIN is a non-TSO-C151b-certified terrain awareness system incorporated into GNS 430 units to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TERRAIN functionality is a standard feature found in GNS 430 units with main software version 5.01 or above, along with appropriate hardware upgrades.

Operating Criteria

TERRAIN requires the following to operate properly: The system must have a valid 3-D GPS position solution. The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle/ airport terrain database.
TERRAIN displays terrain and obstructions relative to the altitude of the aircraft. The displayed alerts are advisory in nature only. Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database. However, all obstructions may not be available in the database and data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for navigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles. Terrain information is based on terrain elevation information in a database that may contain inaccuracies. Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational awareness. Never use it for navigation or to maneuver to avoid terrain. TERRAIN uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. The data undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information should never be understood as being all-inclusive.

TERRAIN Alerting

TERRAIN uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine TERRAIN alerts. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. TERRAIN utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, TERRAIN displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate and predict the aircrafts flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TERRAIN can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are described later in this section.

GDL 49 12-18 GDL 69/69A 12-18 Generic timer 10-15, 10-16 GPS receiver status 3-22, 3-23 GPS Window 1-9 Graphic track indicator 3-19
Magnetic variation 7-15, 10-21, 10-24 Main page groups 8-1, 10-1 Manual sequence 6-21, 6-24, 6-25 MAP 4-1, 6-3 Map datum 10-20 Map direct-to 3-7 Map orientation 3-9, 3-10 GNS 430(A) Pilots Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P
Map Page 1-11, 3-5, 3-6, 3-7, 3-9, 3-13, 4-5, 6-7, 6-8, 6-13, 6-17, 6-18, 6-23, 6-30, 7-17, 7-19, 10-20, 14-5 Map page options 3-9 Map panning 3-7 Map range 1-2, 1-3, 1-11, 3-6, 3-7, 3-11 Map setup 3-6 Max speed 10-17 Measurement units 1-5, 10-20, 10-21, 10-24, 10-25 MENU Key 1-3 Messages 1-4, 1-17, 1-18, 3-23, 3-26, 8-14, 10-3, 10-9, 10-10, 10-11, 10-22, 14-1 Message Page 1-8, 1-18, 2-6 METAR 12-18, 12-35 Missed approach 4-1, 6-3, 6-8, 6-9, 6-10, 6-11, 6-13, 6-17, 6-20, 6-22, 6-23, 6-24, 6-32, 14-6, C-1, C-4, C-5, C-6 Mode S 12-1 MSA (minimum safe altitude) 3-3, 3-19, 14-10, 14-13 MSG Key 1-4 NRST Page Group 1-16, 8-1
OBS Key 1-4, 6-8, 6-9, 6-11, 6-12, 6-13, 6-17, 6-20, 6-226-25, 6-32, 14-1, 14-6, C-2C-6 Odometer 10-17 Overzoom 3-6
Page groups 1-3, 3-1, 8-1, 10-1 PDA (premature descent alert) 11-5 Pointer, panning 3-7, 3-8, 3-12, 4-5, 7-19 Position format 1-5, 10-22, 10-25 Position Page 3-19, 3-20, 3-21, 14-1, 14-5 Power on 1-3, 1-5 Precipitation graphics 12-34 Procedures Page 1-14, 6-16-4, 6-18, 7-12, 7-14, 9-3, C-6 Procedure turn 5-15, 6-4, 6-7, 6-27, 6-29, 6-30, 6-33 PROC Key 1-4, 1-14, 5-9, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-5, 6-9, 6-10, 6-14, 6-17, 6-18, 6-24, 6-28, 9-3, C-6
NAVAID iv, 3-10, 3-20, 14-10 NAV/COM page 1-10, 1-13, 1-15, 2-4, 3-17, 3-18, 6-5 NavData card 1-6, 1-14, 3-25, A-1, A-2 Navigation terms 1-11, 1-12, 3-13, 14-12 NAV Page Group 1-5, 2-4, 3-1 NDB 1-11, 1-15, 3-5, 3-20, 3-25, 6-3, 7-2, 7-4, 7-15, 7-17, 7-18, 7-21, 8-1, 8-3, 8-6, 14-10 Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page 1-17 Nearest (NRST) pages 1-15 Nearest airport criteria 10-28, 10-29 Nearest Airport Page 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 2-3, 8-2, 8-4, 8-5, 10-28 Nearest airspace 1-15 Nearest ARTCC 1-15, 2-4, 8-9 Nearest FSS 1-15, 8-2, 8-10 Nearest Intersection Page 1-15 Nearest NDB Page 1-15 Nearest User Waypoints Page 1-15 Nearest VOR Page 1-15 NEXRAD 12-1812-21 NEXRAD Request Page 12-21 NOAA 12-20 Non-bearing traffic advisory 12-7 190-00140-00 Rev. P
Radar coverage 7-4 RAIM prediction 10-13, 10-17 RAIM protection limits 10-18 Reference waypoint 3-19, 3-20, 3-21, 3-25, 5-9, 5-13, 7-17, 7-18, 7-19, 7-21, 7-23 Remove the NavData Card A-2 Removing approaches 5-14 Rename a user waypoint 7-23 Requesting graphical METARS 12-27 Request METAR 12-25 Request NEXRAD 12-25 RNG Key 1-3, 3-6, 3-15, 7-5, 7-6 Roads 3-7, 3-12 RTC (required terrain clearance) 11-5 Runway information 1-15, 8-5