The technotes are also available on the reference library issues of the developer CD.

USB Devices

For more information about USB on Macintosh computers, developers should refer to Apple Computers Mac OS USB DDK API Reference. Information is also available on the World Wide Web, at http://developer.apple.com/techpubs/hardware/DeviceManagers/usb/ usb.html The Mac OS USB DDK is available from the Apple Developer Development Kits page at http://developer.apple.com/sdk/ For full specications of the Universal Serial Bus, developers should refer to the USB Implementation Forum on the World Wide Web, at: http://www.usb.org/developers/index.html

Open Firmware

Three Technotes provide an introduction to Open Firmware on the Macintosh platform. They are: TN 1061: Open Firmware, Part I, available on the Technote web site at http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1061.html TN 1062: Open Firmware, Part II, available on the Technote web site at http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1062.html TN 1044: Open Firmware, Part III, available on the Technote web site at http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1044.html The NewWorld software architecture embodied in the new Mac OS software follows some of the standards dened by the Open Firmware IEEE 1274-1995 specication and the CHRP binding.
The basis for the bootinfo le format and use is the document PowerPC Microprocessor Common Hardware Reference Platform (CHRP) System binding to: IEEE Std 1275-1994 Standard for Boot (Initialization, Conguration) Firmware. A bootinfo le contains Open Firmware script, a description, information for individual operating systems, icons, and other information. A bootinfo le can be extended to contain non-Open Firmware information, such as Trampoline code and the ToolBox ROM Image.
Other Open Firmware references of possible interest include: IEEE 1275-1994 Standard for Boot (Initialization, Conguration) Firmware: Core Requirements and Practices IEEE Std 1275-1994 Standard for Boot (Initialization, Conguration) Firmware (Version 1.7) Open Firmware Recommended Practice: Device Support Extensions (Version 1.0) Open Firmware Recommended Practice: Interrupt Mapping (Version 0.9)

The Ethernet link layer is built into the Uni-N IC. The physical layer is a 5201 IC made by Broadcom. The 5201 IC contains both the physical layer and the transceiver and lter circuits. The IC provides a dual-speed Ethernet controller, supporting both 10Base-T and 100Base-TX protocols.

Graphics IC

The graphics IC is a variation of the RAGE Mobility IC made by ATI. Certain features of the Mobility IC are not supported in this variation.
The graphics IC includes 4 MB of VRAM, which enables it to provide a display size of 800 by 600 at pixel depths of 8, 16, and 24 bits per pixel. The graphics IC also has a scaling mode that displays a 640-by-480 pixel image on the full screen. Because it uses the AGP bus, the graphics IC can use part of main memory as additional graphics storage. The computers virtual memory system organizes main memory as randomly-distributed 4 KB pages, so DMA transactions for more than 4 KB of data would have to perform scatter-gather operations. To avoid this necessity for graphics storage, the AGP logic in the Uni-N IC uses a graphics address remapping table (GART) to translate a linear address space for AGP transactions into physical addresses in main memory.

I/O Device Controller

The I/O controller IC in the iBook is a custom IC called KeyLargo. It is an integrated I/O controller and DMA engine for use in Power Macintosh computers with a PCI bus.
The KeyLargo IC contains a PCI bus arbiter and an interrupt controller. It also provides the interface and control signals for the following devices:

Ultra ATA Hard Drive

The interface to the internal hard drive is an Ultra ATA bus on the KeyLargo IC.

ATA CD-ROM Drive

The interface to the CD-ROM drive is an E-IDE interface (ATA bus) on the KeyLargo IC. Digital audio from the CD-ROM drive goes through the KeyLargo IC and is sent to the sound IC.

USB Port

The KeyLargo IC provides a USB controller for the USB port. The external USB connector supports USB devices with data transfer rates of 1.5 Mps or 12 Mps. For more information, see USB Port (page 28). The USB ports comply with the Universal Serial Bus Specication 1.1 Final Draft Revision. The USB register set complies with the Open Host Controller Interface (OHCI) specication.

Built-In Modem

The KeyLargo IC provides an SCC (Serial Communications Controller) that communicates with the built-in hardware modem. The modem hardware is a set of ICs including a modem controller, data pump, and DAA.

DD(015)

/CS1 CSEL /DASP IORDY /IOCS16 /DIOR /DIOW /DMACK DMARQ
Signals on the ATA hard disk connector (continued)
Interrupt request. This active high signal is used to inform the computer that a data transfer is requested or that a command has terminated. Asserted by device 1 to indicate to device 0 that it has completed the power-on diagnostics; not available on this computer (n.c.). Hardware reset to the drive; an active low signal. This pin is the key for the connector.

/PDIAG

/RESET Key
The built-in ATA devices are connected to the I/O bus through bidirectional bus buffers.

CD-ROM Drive

The iBook has an internal CD-ROM drive with a sliding tray to hold the disc. The drive features a mechanism that supports 4x, 8x, 12x, and 24x data transfer rates and a data buffer that further enhances performance. The CD-ROM drive supports the worldwide standards and specications for CD-ROM and CD-digital audio discs described in the Sony/Philips Yellow Book and Red Book. The drive can read CD-ROM, CD-ROM XA, CD-I, and PhotoCD discs as well as play standard audio discs. Digital audio from the CD-ROM drive can be played through the sound outputs under the control of the Sound Manager.
The pointing device in iBook is a trackpad. The trackpad is a solid-state device that emulates a mouse by sensing the motions of the users nger over its surface and translating those motions into digital signals.
A single button below the trackpad is used to make selections. Alternatively, the user can tap and double tap on the pad itself. As described in the users manual, the trackpad responds to one or two taps on the pad itself as one or two clicks of the button. The user can tap and drag on the trackpad in much the same manner as clicking and dragging with the mouse.
The keyboard is a compact, low-prole design with a row of function keys and inverted-T cursor motion keys.

Removing the Keyboard

The keyboard is removable to allow access to the internal components and expansion connectors inside the computer. The keyboard is held in place by a locking screw and two latches. To unlock the keyboard, the user turns a slotted screw that is part of the Num Lock LED, which is between the F4 and F5 function keys. Turning the screw 180 locks or unlocks the keyboard.

The iBook leaves the factory with keyboard locking screw in the unlocked position. N The two latches are between the ESC key and the F1 key and between the F8 and F9 keys. The user can release the latches by pulling them toward the front of the computer.
Changing the Operation of the Keyboard
Several of the keys on the keyboard have more than one mode of operation.
Function keys F1F6 can also control the display brightness, speaker volume, and the Num Lock function. The other function keys can be set by the user to open applications, documents, or Applescripts. Certain control keys can be used as page-control keys. The keys on the right side of the keyboard can be used as a numeric keypad.
The next sections describe these groups of keys and the way their alternate modes of operation are selected by using the Fn key, the Num Lock key, and the Function Keys checkbox in the Keyboard control panel.

Keyboard Illustrations

Figure 3-4 shows the actual appearance of the keyboard. Figure 3-5 shows the alternate modes of operation of the function and control keys. Figure 3-6 shows the embedded numeric keypad.

Figure 3-4

Keyboard layout
Figure 3-5 and Figure 3-6 include duplicate versions of some keys in order to show their alternate modes of operation. In some cases, the alternate key captions shown in the gures do not appear on the keyboard. For the actual appearance of the keyboard, refer to Figure 3-4.

Figure 3-5

Alternate operations of function and control keys
fn key is down and checkbox is unchecked, or fn key is up and checkbox is checked.
fn key is up and checkbox is unchecked, or fn key is down and checkbox is checked.

fn key is up.

fn key is down.

Figure 3-6

Embedded numeric keypad operation
num lock is off and fn key is down.
num lock is off and fn key is up.

num lock is on.

Using the Fn Key
Pressing the Fn key affects three sets of keys: the function keys F1F12, the embedded numeric keypad, and certain modier keys.
It toggles the function keys between their control-button operation and their F1F12 functions, as shown in Table 3-6 and Figure 3-5. The user selects the default modes of operation of those keys as described in the section The Function-Keys Checkbox. It selects the embedded numeric keypad on the right portion of the alphanumeric keys, as shown in Table 3-7 and Figure 3-6. It changes certain control keys, including the cursor control keys, to page control keys, as shown in Table 3-8 and Figure 3-6.

Using the Num Lock Key

Pressing the Num Lock key affects two sets of keys: the embedded keypad and the rest of the alphanumeric keys.
It selects the embedded numeric keypad, as shown in Table 3-7 and Figure 3-6. It makes the rest of the alphanumeric keys functionless (NOPs), as shown in Figure 3-6.
The Function-Keys Checkbox
The Fn key lets the user switch the mode of operation of the function keys at any time. The user selects the default mode of the function keys by means of the Function-keys checkbox in the Keyboard Control Panel. The Function-keys checkbox lets the user choose whether the function key operations are primary or secondary. Function keys primary means the function keys are normally in their F1F12 mode of operation and pressing the Fn key selects their control-button mode. Function keys secondary means the function keys are normally in their control-button mode and pressing the Fn key selects their function-key mode. In other words, pressing the Fn key reverses the mode of operation of the function keys from the default mode set by the checkbox. Table 3-5 summarizes the checkbox settings and the operation of the Fn key. The operations of the individual function keys are shown in Table 3-6 and Figure 3-5.

Table 3-5

Setting the default behavior of the function keys
Make Function Keys Primary checkbox
Operations of function keys Fn key up Fn key down

Checked Not checked

F1F12 functions Control buttons
Control buttons F1F12 functions

Table 3-6 Key name

The function keys as control buttons Control button
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12
Decrease display brightness Increase display brightness Decrease speaker volume Increase speaker volume Num Lock Mute the speaker User denable User denable User denable User denable User denable User denable
Operations of the Function Keys
Function keys F1 through F6 are used as control buttons for the display and sound; function keys F7 through F12 are open for the user to dene. The operations of the function keys are controlled by the Function keys checkbox and the Fn key. Table 3-6 is a list of the function keys and their operations as control buttons. The Keyboard Control Panel allows the user to assign operations to function keys F7 through F12. Operations that can be assigned include

The iBook computer has one RAM expansion slot. To get access to the RAM expansion slot, the user must open up the computer by performing the following operations.
The user should be reminded to observe the usual precautions to avoid damage to the electronic components due to static electricity. L 1. Unplug the AC adapter from the computer. 2. Remove the battery from the computer. 3. Unlock the keyboard by turning the slotted screw that is part of the Num Lock LED, which is between the F4 and F5 function keys. Turning the screw 180 locks or unlocks the keyboard.
The locking screw may already be in the unlocked position. N 4. Release the two latches located at the top of the keyboard. One latch is between the ESC key and the F1 key; the other is between the F8 and F9 keys. The user can release the latches by sliding them toward the front of the computer. 5. Lift the keyboard up and turn it over, without disconnecting the keyboards membrane cable. 6. Remove the wireless LAN module, if present, by unlatching the formed wire holder on the module, then pulling the ex tab to remove the module. The antenna cable should remain attached to the module. 7. Using a Phillips head screwdriver, remove the two screws that secure the perforated metal RAM door. The screws are to the right of the wireless LAN module.
8. Slide the perforated metal RAM door toward the rear of the computer, then lift it up and out of the computer. Once the RAM expansion module has been installed in the slot, the user must close up the computer by performing these steps in reverse order.

The RAM Expansion Module

The RAM expansion slot accommodates a standard SO-DIMM (small outline, dual inline memory module) that uses SDRAM devices.
A RAM expansion SO-DIMM for the iBook must use SDRAM devices. If the user installs an SO-DIMM that uses EDO or SGRAM devices, the computer will beep several times when the user attempts to restart the computer. L An SO-DIMM for the iBook can contain either 32, 64, or 128 MB of memory. Total RAM capacity using devices currently available is 160 MB and is limited by the space available for the SO-DIMM. The slot can accommodate a 1.25-inch SO-DIMM.
Mechanical Design of the RAM SO-DIMM
The mechanical characteristics of the RAM expansion module are given in the JEDEC specication for the 144-pin 8-byte DRAM SO-DIMM. The specication number is JEDEC MO-190-C; it is available from the Electronics Industry Associations web site, at http://www.jedec.org/download/default.htm The specication denes SO-DIMMs with nominal heights of 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, or 2.0 inches. The iBook can accommodate an SO-DIMM with a height of up to 1.25 inches.

The JEDEC specications for the heights of the SO-DIMM gives a plus-or-minus 0.15 mm tolerance. In the iBook, the specied height for the SO-DIMM is the maximum height. L
The JEDEC specication denes the maximum depth or thickness of an SO-DIMM as 3.8 mm. That specication is also a maximum: Modules that exceed the specied thickness can cause reliability problems.
Electrical Design of the RAM SO-DIMM
The electrical characteristics of the RAM SO-DIMM are given in section 4.5.6 of the JEDEC Standard 21-C, release 7. The specication is available from the Electronics Industry Associations web site, at http://www.jedec.org/download/default.htm The specication denes several attributes of the DIMM, including storage capacity and conguration, connector pin assignments, and electrical loading. The specication supports SO-DIMMs with either one or two banks of memory. The JEDEC specication for the SO-DIMM denes a Serial Presence Detect (SPD) feature that contains the attributes of the module. SO-DIMMs for use in the iBook are required to have the SPD feature. Information about the required values to be stored in the presence detect EEPROM is in section 4.1.2.5 and Figure 4.5.6C (144 Pin SDRAM SODIMM, PD INFORMATION) of the JEDEC standard 21-C specication, release 7. Because the SO-DIMM connector has only two clock lines, and each clock line is limited to only 4 loads, an SO-DIMM with more than 8 SDRAM devices must have buffers on the clock lines. The buffers must be zero-delay type, such as phase-lock loop (PLL), which regenerates the clock signals. For example, the computer can support a 128-MB SO-DIMM using 16 devices and a PLL clock buffer.

SDRAM Devices

The SDRAM devices used in the RAM expansion modules must be self-refresh type devices for operation from a 3.3-V power supply. The speed of the SDRAM devices must be 66 MHz or greater, corresponding to a cycle time of 15 ns or less.
The computer may have 100-Mhz parts installed. This is normal, and does not indicate that the memory bus is running faster than the specied 66 MHz. N
The devices are programmed to operate with a CAS latency of 3. At that CAS latency, the access time from the clock transition must be 7 ns or less. The burst length must be at least 4 and the minimum clock delay for back-to-back random column access cycles must be a latency of 1 clock cycle.

ROM in RAM

The system software in the iBook uses the ROM-in-RAM approach also used in the iMac and the 1999 Power Macintosh G3 computer. With the ROM-in-RAM approach, also called the NewWorld design, a small ROM contains the code needed to initialize the hardware and load an operating system. The rest of the system code that formerly resided in ROM is loaded into RAM from disk or from the network. The small ROM that is needed for the computers start-up activities, called the boot ROM, is only 1 MB in size. It includes the hardware specic code and tables needed to start up the computer, to run Open Firmware, to provide common hardware access services, and to load the Mac OS ROM image. High level software resides in an image called the Mac OS ROM that is read into RAM before the Mac OS begins operation. Once the Mac OS begins operation, the Mac OS ROM image in RAM behaves in the same way that the corresponding code in ROM formerly did. Most of the changes are completely transparent to the Mac OS.
Aspects of the New Approach
Some aspects of the ROM-in-RAM approach are apparent in the operation of the system.

RAM Footprint

The iBook computer has its Mac OS ROM image stored in RAM. The area of RAM that contains the Mac OS ROM image is excluded from the available memory space and is marked as read-only. This removes approximately 3 megabytes of RAM from availability for other uses. In effect, a system with 32 megabytes of RAM appears to have only 29 megabytes available.
Startup Disk Control Panel
Setting the startup device from the Startup Disk control panel makes the changes to the boot process that are needed for the ROM-in-RAM approach. The Startup Disk control panel modies the Open Firmware NV-RAM partition that contains the Open Firmwares conguration variables.
The previous API for controlling the startup device selection, using _GetDefaultStartup and _SetDefaultStartup, is not effective on computers that use the ROM-in-RAM approach. L
Data Structures and Files
The Mac OS ROM image is contained in a new le, named Mac OS ROM, that is kept in the System Folder. The Mac OS ROM image is the same as it would be if it were an actual Mac OS ROM, containing the high-level software, the kernel software, and the 68K emulator.

Memory Mapping

With the ROM-in-RAM approach, memory is not mapped one-to-one as it has been for previous PCI-based Macs. This could be a compatibility issue with some software. Software that assumes the logical and physical addresses are the same will fail, even when virtual memory is not on. Well-behaved software that is, software that always calls the LogicalToPhysical or PrepareMemoryForIO functions when it needs a physical memory addresswill continue to work.

Designers of DMA device drivers should refer to Designing PCI Cards and Drivers for Power Macintosh Computers for information about using the PrepareMemoryForIO function to set up mapping for physical and logical addresses. The relevant section is on pages 219229. For device drivers running with the NewWorld software, the sentence on page 227 that says Certain DMA transactions require both mapping tables should be interpreted to mean All DMA transactions require both mapping tables. L

Boot Process

The boot process for the iBook is similar to that for other Macintosh computers that use the ROM-in-RAM approach.
The iBook does not have the ability to start up in response to the power key on an external Apple USB keyboard. N The PowerPC processor executes its reset vector as dened by the Hardware Initialization code. This code runs diagnostics tests, and when enough hardware initialization has been performed to run Open Firmware, the boot beep sound is played and Open Firmware begins executing. The Open Firmware module probes the systems I/O buses to determine the device conguration and builds a device tree describing the hardware it nds. The boot device, selected by the user with the Startup Disk control panel, is stored in Open Firmwares NVRAM. Open Firmware attempts to locate that boot device (which may be a hard disk, CD, or network connection); if it is not found, Open Firmware searches for a suitable boot device according to a predetermined search order. Once the boot device has been found, the Mac OS ROM image is loaded into memory, decompressed, and write-protected so that it behaves just like a ROM. The user may interrupt Open Firmwares boot device selection by holding down the option key while booting. This invokes the OS Picker, an Open Firmware application that lets the user select an alternate operating system or boot device. The default OS is the Mac OS ROM image, loaded from the current startup device.
Some of the Mac OS ROM boot code is written in 68K code. In order to run the 68K ROM, the PowerPC Nanokernel is loaded, and the emulator task is started. The emulator begins executing code in the 68K ROM. This code uses the device tree provided by Open Firmware to install device drivers, Macintosh OS Services (referred to as Toolbox Managers), and nally the ROM loads the rest of the operating system from the startup device.

Power Saving Modes

The iBook meets the following energy saving standards:
Energy Saver Energy Star (US)
To meet those standards, the default conguration of the computer must draw less than 7 watts in Sleep mode and less than 5 watts in off mode, while plugged into the AC adapter and with the battery removed. The power manager has been redesigned to reduce power consumption in Sleep mode. The new version, Power Manager 2.0, is a native Mac OS manager designed to implement common power management policy across all Macintosh models by means of the new Power Plugin component. With the new power management architecture, the following operating modes are dened:
Run Single: One processor is running at maximum processing capacity. Idle One: The system is idling. All clocks are running and the system can return to running code within a few nanoseconds. In a single processor system, the main processor is stopped in DOZE mode. Cache coherency is maintained in this level of idle.
Idle Two: The system is in power saving mode. This mode is entered only when a system has been in Idle one state for a substantial period of time (a half second or so) with no activity. In a single processor system, the main processor cache is ushed, and the processor is put into sleep modethe external processor bus clock is stopped. The delay in coming out of this state is on the order of a millisecond. Cache coherency is maintained by the ush on entry. Sleep: The system is completely shut down, with only the DRAM state preserved for quick recovery. All processors are powered off with their state preserved in DRAM. All clocks in the system are suspended except for the 32.768Khz timebase crystal on the PMU99 IC.
The computer automatically enters Idle mode after several seconds of inactivity. This mode easily meets the requirement of less than 7 watts of power consumption. While the computer is in Idle mode, if it is attached to a network, it is able to respond to service requests and other events directed to the computer. Idle mode is not the same as Sleep mode. The computer cannot respond to network activity when it is in Sleep mode. To prevent the computer from going into Sleep mode, the Sleep setting in the Energy Saver control panel must be set to Never. Although the current public Power Manager interfaces will be maintained for application compatibility, this is a major revision that may affect developers. Information about the API changes for Power Manager 2.0 is available in a technote, which can be obtained from the web site at http://developer.apple.com/technotes/

Suspend and Resume

Suspend and resume provides a way for the computer to shut off or lose power and then, once power returns, restore the system to the state before the power loss. The Suspend feature saves the computers RAM contents on the hard disk before turning off the power. The difference between the Suspend state and normal power off is the presence of the saved RAM contents, along with some other hardware information, on the hard disk.
Drivers are required to save whatever is necessary to restore state after a loss of power. L
The Energy Saver control panel has a checkbox that lets the user specify whether or not to save memory before the system goes into Sleep mode. The default is yes. The Energy Setting control strip has two new items: one saves memory to disk and goes to Sleep; the second saves memory and shuts off. When the user presses the power key, the computer starts up and automatically reloads the RAM contents from the hard disk. The computer goes through a process similar to a normal boot, but it does not display the startup screen or the extension icons. It restores the prior state and resumes execution of whatever application was active at the time the system shut down. Sleep and wake queues are executed for Suspend and Resume.

ATA Manager 4.0

Mac OS 8.6 includes ATA Manager 4.0, which has a modular design similar to that of SCSI Manager 4.3. This modularity provides the exibility to have multiple ATA controllers working at the same timefor example, those for the Ultra ATA and ATA interfaces. ATA Manager 4.0 supports both controllers together by including ATA Interface Modules (AIMs) for both.
With this new modular design, the ATA Manager and the ATA Interface Modules (AIMs) divide the responsibilities. The ATA Manager is responsible for
registering ATA plug-ins routing each request to the appropriate plug-in calling completion routines for asynchronous calls
ATA Interface Modules are responsible for
handling each request error handling returning errors

USB Drivers

A USB Services Library layer provides hardware abstraction. Below it is the UIM (USB Interface Module) that communicates with the USB hardware in the KeyLargo IC. Above it are the device drivers that are loaded dynamically when new devices are plugged onto the bus.

The system software in the iBook has an ADB shim layer to allow USB keyboards and mice to appear as legacy ADB devices. The PMU99 provides the interfaces to the keyboard and mouse and communicates with the system by simulating ADB packets that are interpreted by the ADB Manager. For external USB mice and keyboards to be fully compatible and interoperate seamlessly with the built-in keyboard and trackpad, an ADB shim is used to convert USB mouse and keyboard events into ADB packets.
The built-in trackpad and keyboard also appear to the system as ADB devices, as described in the section Power Controller IC (page 26). N

SCSI Legacy

Although there is no SCSI connector on the iBook, the high-level SCSI interfaces will remain in the system. That allows for possible future support for SCSI devices using a USB to SCSI adapter. Such an adapter would take the USB commands coming from the USB port and convert them into SCSI commands to
send to the drive. A SCSI driver would also need to be written that would take the SCSI commands coming from the system and embed them in USB commands that would be sent to the device through the adapter.
The iBook doesnt have SCSI disk mode. To transfer les to and from another computer, the user should connect the machines using Ethernet. N

Other New Features

The system software for the iBook supports several other new features.
Sound Software Components
The sound system in the iBook is the rst such implementation on any Macintosh computer. To support this new hardware, a Sound HAL (hardware abstraction layer) has been written. In addition to the HAL, a port handler has been written to describe the hardware capabilities.

I2S-based

The Sound Manager API has not been changed. N

Keyboard and Key Caps

The built-in keyboard has several new features. Several of the keys on the keyboard have more than one mode of operation. The function keys can also control the display and speakers; the keys on the right side of the keyboard can also be used as a numeric keypad; and certain control keys can also be used as page-control keys. The Keyboard Control Panel has been changed to support these new features, as described in the section Keyboard (page 41). External keyboards connected using USB will work. The image displayed by Key Caps toggles when input from a new keyboard is detected.

Onscreen Display

The iBook uses on-screen display meters for its sound and display control buttons. There are separate on-screen display meters for display brightness, sound volume, and mute.

VIA WEP WLAN

versatile interface adapter Wired Equivalent Privacy wireless LAN
abbreviations 73 access point. See base station access to internal components 41, 55 ADB shim layer, for USB compatibility 70 AirPort Application 34 AirPort Base Station 33 AirPort Card 26, 3234 hardware components 33 security features 33 software base station 33 software components 34 AirPort Control Strip Module 34 AirPort Setup Assistant 34 AirPort Utility 34 ATA devices, TechNote for 10 ATA Device Software Guide 10, 35 ATA disk interface 35 ATA hard disk 35 See also hard disk drive ATA Manager 4.0 68
cache. See backside cache CD-ROM drive 40 class drivers 69 clock speeds 22 compatibility issues 1617, 70 I/O devices not present 16, 70 legacy drivers 70 machine identication 17 no expansion bay 16 RAM expansion 16 system software 17 USB devices 16 computer identication 65 connectors Ethernet 31 hard disk drive 37 headphone jack 50 modem 32 USB 28 custom ICs KeyLargo I/O controller 24 Uni-N memory controller and bridge IC 23
backside cache 22 block diagram 21 boot ROM 24, 60 contents of 6364 hardware initialization code in 63 box ag 65 buses 20, 23
DACA IC 25, 50 device drivers 64 device tree 64 displays at panel 49 driver software 69

I N D E X

Ethernet controller IC 24 Ethernet driver 69 ethernet port 31
IDE disk interface. See ATA disk interface IDE hard disk 35 See also hard disk drive internal modem 32 interrupts 64 interrupt tree 64
features 14 at panel display 49 oppy driver, disabled 70 function keys, alternate functions of 47 Function-keys checkbox, in Keyboard control panel 45
JEDEC specications for RAM SO-DIMMs 55
G3 microprocessor 22 reference information 10 gestaltMachineType call 65 graphics address remapping table (GART) 24 graphics controller IC 49 graphics IC 24 keyboard 4148 control keys with alternate functions 48 effect of Function-keys checkbox 45 Fn key 45 function keys, user assignable 47 keys with multiple functions 42 Num Lock key 45 PMU99 interface for 26 removing 41, 55 Keyboard Control Panel assignable key functions 47 Keyboard control panel 45 keyboards, USB 72 Key Caps 72 KeyLargo I/O controller IC 24
hard disk connector 37 pin assignments on 37 signals on 39 hard disk drive 3540 connector ATA signals on 39 pin assignments on 37 dimensions and mounting holes 35 hardware initialization code 63
L2 cache 22 legacy drivers 70 low-energy mode 67
Mac OS 8.6, TechNote for 10 Mac OS ROM image le 61 ATA Manager in 68 computer identication mechanism of 65 Ethernet driver 69 power saving modes 66 idle one 66 idle two 67 run single 66 sleep 67 SCSI interfaces in 70 suspend and resume 67 USB drivers in 68 Mac OS ROM Image le, changes to 6471 Mac OS software 60 Max bus 20 memory sizing 63 Micronas sound IC 25, 50 microprocessor 22 modem, internal 32

Power button Turn your iBook G4 on and off or put it to sleep. Power adapter port Plug in the included Apple Portable Power Adapter to recharge your iBook G4 battery. AirPort Extreme antenna With an optional AirPort Extreme Card and an AirPort Extreme Base Station or other wireless hub, connect to the Internet wirelessly. For additional information about AirPort Extreme or your optical drive, see Chapter 3, Using Your Computer, on page 31.
LL2541Q7X.book Page 8 Wednesday, March 3, 2004 2:52 PM
Additional Features of Your iBook G4

Battery

G Ethernet port

(10/100Base-T)

FireWire 400 port

Security slot

f Headphone

W Internal

modem port

USB 2.0 ports

Video out port
LL2541Q7X.book Page 9 Wednesday, March 3, 2004 2:52 PM
Internal modem port Connect a standard phone line directly to the internal modem. Ethernet port (10/100Base-T) Connect to a high-speed 10/100Base-T Ethernet network or connect to another computer and transfer files. The Ethernet port auto-sensing feature detects other Ethernet devices. You dont need an Ethernet crossover cable to connect to other Ethernet devices. FireWire 400 port Connect high-speed external devices, such as digital videocameras and external storage devices. For more information, see page 34. Two USB 2.0 (Universal Serial Bus) ports Connect additional equipment to your iBook G4, such as printers, external storage devices, digital cameras, modems, keyboards, and joysticks. Video out (external monitor) port Connect to an external monitor or projection device that uses a VGA connector with the included Apple VGA Display Adapter. You can also use an Apple Video Adapter (sold separately) to connect to a television, VCR, or another video device.
Headphone (audio line out) port Connect external speakers, headphones, or other sound output devices. Security slot Protect your iBook G4 by connecting a security cable. For additional information about these features, see Chapter 3, Using Your Computer, on page 31.
LL2541Q7X.book Page 10 Wednesday, March 3, 2004 2:52 PM

Setting Up

Your iBook G4 is designed so that you can set it up quickly and start using it right away.
Step 1: Plug In the Power Adapter Plug the AC plug of your power adapter into an outlet and the power adapter plug into the iBook G4 power adapter port.

AC plug

Important: Be sure to snap the electrical prongs on your AC plug into their completely extended position before you plug the adapter into the outlet.

Power adapter port

Power adapter plug
To extend the reach of your power adapter, you can attach the AC cord if desired. See Using Your Power Adapter on page 21.

If you will be away from your iBook G4 for only a short time, put the computer to sleep. When the computer is in sleep, you can quickly wake it and bypass the startup process. To put the computer to sleep, do one of the following: Close the display. Choose Apple (K) > Sleep from the menu bar. Press the Power button () and click Sleep in the dialog that appears.
Warning: Wait a few seconds until the white sleep light next to the display latch starts pulsating (indicating that the computer is in sleep and the hard disk has stopped spinning) before you move your iBook G4. Moving your computer while the hard disk is spinning can damage the hard disk, causing loss of data or the inability to start up from the hard disk. To wake the computer: If the display is closed, open it. Your iBook G4 automatically wakes from sleep when you open the display. If the display is already open, press the Power button () or any key on the keyboard.
Shutting Down Your iBook G4
If you arent going to use your iBook G4 for a day or two, shut it down. To shut down your computer, do one of the following: Choose Apple (K) > Shut Down from the menu bar. Press the Power button () and click Shut Down in the dialog that appears.
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If you plan to store your iBook G4 for an extended period of time, see Storing Your iBook G4 on page 69 for information on how to prevent your battery from draining completely.
Calibrating Your New Battery
To get the longest running time from your battery, complete the following steps sometime during the first week you have your iBook G4. To initially calibrate your battery, follow these steps: 1 Plug in the power adapter and fully charge your iBook G4 battery until the light on the power adapter plug changes to green and the onscreen meter in the menu bar indicates that the battery is fully charged. 2 Disconnect the power adapter and use your iBook G4. When your battery gets low, you will see the first low-battery warning dialog on the screen. Continue to use your iBook G4 until it automatically goes to sleep; at that point the battery has been sufficiently drained for calibration. 3 Connect the power adapter and leave it connected until the battery is fully charged again. Important: You only have to fully discharge and then charge your battery once to calibrate it. After that, you can connect and disconnect the power adapter when the battery is at any charge level. If you purchased additional batteries, repeat the calibration procedure with the additional batteries as well. For more information about your power adapter and battery, see Using Your Power Adapter on page 21 and Battery on page 45.

To add a USB printer connected to an AirPort Extreme Base Station, choose Rendezvous from the pop-up menu. 5 Select or enter your printer information and click Add.
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Monitoring Printing

Once youve sent a document to a printer, you can monitor printing and halt or put it temporarily on hold.
To monitor printing: Click the Printer icon in the Dock to open the Printer window. You can now see the print jobs in the print queue and work with them. For more information, open Mac OS Help and search for printing.
Playing a CD and Connecting Headphones
If youd like to listen to music while you work, insert a music CD in your optical drive. iTunes, an easy-to-use music player, will appear automatically on the screen. You can also connect headphones with a minijack to the headphone port of your iBook G4 for private listening right away. To learn more about iTunes, open Mac OS Help and choose Library > iTunes Help. To learn more about your optical drive, see Using Your Optical Drive on page 41. Warning: Listening to music at high volume over extended periods of time can damage your hearing.
Keeping Your Software Up to Date
You can connect to the Internet and automatically download and install the latest free software versions, drivers, and other enhancements from Apple. When you are connected to the Internet, Software Update checks Apples Internet servers to see if any updates are available for your computer. You can set your Mac to check the Apple server periodically and download and install updated software.
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To check for updated software: 1 Open System Preferences. 2 Click the Software Update icon and follow the directions on the screen.
For more information, search for Software Update in Mac OS Help. For the latest information on the Mac OS, go to the Mac OS website at

www.apple.com/macos.

Connecting a Camera or Other FireWire or USB Device
If you have a digital camera, videocamera, scanner, or other device that has a FireWire or USB connector, you can connect it to your iBook G4. Follow the installation instructions that came with your device. For more information about FireWire, see FireWire on page 34. For more information about USB, see Universal Serial Bus (USB) on page 32.

Connecting to a Network

If you want to connect your iBook G4 to an Ethernet network or a wireless network, see Ethernet (10/100Base-T) on page 38 and AirPort Extreme Wireless Networking and Internet Access on page 36 for more information about setting up an Ethernet or AirPort connection. Also open Mac OS Help and search for Ethernet or AirPort for further help.
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Using the Internet

During the initial setup, you were instructed on how to connect to the Internet. If you need to change to a different type of connection, such as DSL, cable modem, Ethernet local area network (LAN), or AirPort Extreme network, you can find more information in Appendix C, Connecting to the Internet, on page 75.

Using USB Devices

To use a USB device with your computer, simply connect the device to the computer. Apple has already included software to work with many USB devices. Your computer automatically detects newly connected devices. Note: If your iBook G4 cannot find the correct software when you connect a USB device, you can either install the software that came with the device or follow the onscreen prompts to use the Internet to locate, download, and install the correct software.
Chapter 3 Using Your Computer
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USB Devices and Battery Power
You can use USB devices, such as joysticks and keyboards, that get power from the USB connection instead of a separate power adapter with your iBook G4. However, these types of USB devices can cause your iBook G4 battery to become depleted faster. If you are using the device for an extended period, it is a good idea to connect the iBook G4 power adapter.
Using Multiple USB Devices at the Same Time
You can purchase a USB hub to connect multiple USB devices to your computer. The USB hub connects to an open USB port on your computer and provides additional USB ports (usually four or seven). Hi-Speed hubs can support USB 2.0 Hi-Speed devices as well as USB 1.1 compatible devices. USB 1.1 hubs dont allow Hi-Speed USB devices to operate at their maximum data speed. Most USB hubs have a power adapter and should be plugged into an outlet.

USB hub

For More Information on USB
Additional information on USB is available in Mac OS Help. Choose Help > Mac Help in the menu bar and search for USB. You can also find information on the Apple USB website at www.apple.com/usb. For information on USB devices available for your computer, check the Macintosh Products Guide at www.apple.com/guide.
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FireWire

Your computer has one FireWire 400 port ( ). With FireWire, you can easily connect and disconnect external high-speed devicessuch as DV cameras, printers, scanners, and hard diskswithout restarting your computer.
These are some of the things you can do with FireWire: Connect a digital videocamera and capture, transfer, and edit high-quality video directly on your computer using video-editing software such as iMovie or Final Cut Pro. Connect an external FireWire hard disk drive and use it to back up data or transfer files. Start up from an external FireWire hard disk. Connect an external FireWire hard disk (with a valid operating system installed on it), open the Startup Disk pane of System Preferences, and click the FireWire hard disk. Restart your computer. Transfer files between your iBook G4 and another FireWire-equipped computer using FireWire Target Disk Mode.

For More Information on FireWire
Additional information on FireWire is available in Mac OS Help. Choose Help > Mac Help in the Finder menu bar and search for FireWire. You can also find information on the Apple FireWire website at www.apple.com/firewire.
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AirPort Extreme Wireless Networking and Internet Access
Your iBook G4 is AirPort-ready. AirPort Extreme offers an easy and affordable way to provide wireless Internet access anywhere in the home, at work, or in the classroom. Instead of using traditional cables, AirPort Extreme uses wireless local area network (LAN) technology to provide wireless communication between multiple computers. Through a wireless network you can set up access to the Internet, transfer files, play multiplayer games, and more. If you ordered an AirPort Extreme Card when you purchased your iBook G4, a card is already installed. If you do not have an AirPort Extreme Card installed and would like to install one, see Installing an AirPort Extreme Card or Additional Memory on page 51. The AirPort Extreme Card is compatible with both the Apple AirPort Extreme Base Station and the original Apple AirPort Base Station and any 802.11b or 802.11g compliant products. Note: Wireless Internet access requires an AirPort Extreme Card, AirPort Extreme Base Station or AirPort Base Station, and Internet access (fees may apply). Some Internet service providers are not currently compatible with AirPort. Range may vary with site conditions.
How AirPort Extreme Provides Wireless Internet Access
With AirPort Extreme, you set up a wireless connection to a device known as a base station, which has a physical connection to the Internet. AirPort Extreme technology works like a cordless telephone. The AirPort Extreme Card in the computer makes a wireless connection to the base station, which is connected to the telephone line or a DSL or cable modem.
Connection to the Internet AC outlet AirPort Extreme Base Station
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For More Information on AirPort Extreme
To purchase an AirPort Extreme Base Station, contact your Apple Authorized Reseller or go to the Apple Store at www.apple.com/store. Additional information on AirPort Extreme is available in AirPort Help. Choose Help > Mac Help, then choose Library > AirPort Help from the Help Viewer menu bar. You can also find information on the Apple AirPort website at www.apple.com/airport or at www.apple.com/support.

Using Bluetooth Devices

If you purchased a Bluetooth module, your iBook G4 can connect to and transfer information wirelessly to devices that use Bluetooth wireless technology, such as cell phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Bluetooth wireless technology can help eliminate the need for the cables that traditionally connect devices together. Devices with Bluetooth wireless technology can connect to each other wirelessly within a 10-meter (33-foot) range. Bluetooth wireless technology devices include: Computers Cell phones Peripherals (keyboard, mouse, and so on) PDAs With Bluetooth wireless technology, you can do the following: Use your iBook G4 to communicate with a mobile phone equipped with Bluetooth wireless technology. Your phone can act as a modem to connect you to a wireless service provider, at speeds of up to 56 kilobits per second (kbit/s), so you can use your mobile phone to access the Internet. Communicate with your handheld PDA. Using iSync, you can perform a hot sync operation without cables or send your business card or calendar events directly to a colleagues PDA. Transfer small files between computers, even Mac to PC, using the transfer utility. Apple still recommends the use of AirPort Extreme wireless networking, however, for anything but the smallest files.

For More Information on Using an External Monitor or TV
Additional information on using and configuring an external monitor is available in Mac OS Help. Choose Help > Mac Help from the menu bar and search for monitor.

Using Your Optical Drive

You can install or use software from CDs using your optical drive and from DVD discs if your computer has a Combo drive. You can play multimedia on CD discs and music from audio CDs. If your iBook G4 has a Combo drive, your optical drive can also write music, documents, and other digital files onto CD-R and CD-RW discs, and play DVD movies and use most DVD discs. If you have an optional SuperDrive, you can record DVD movies and other information on DVD-R discs. Important: The optical drive on your iBook G4 supports standard circular 12 cm discs. Irregularly shaped discs or discs smaller than 12 cm are not supported. Noncircular discs may become lodged in the drive.
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Inserting a CD or DVD Disc
To install or use programs from a CD or DVD disc: 1 With the computer turned on, insert the disc (with the label facing up) into the drive slot until you feel the drive catch the disc and take it the rest of the way in. The disc may need to be inserted nearly all the way in before the drive takes it in the rest of the way. This is normal. Note: Some DVD discs are two-sided. To use the second side, you need to flip the disc over.
2 When the icon for the disc appears on the desktop, the disc is ready to use.

Ejecting a Disc

To eject a disc, do one of the following: Drag the disc icon to the Trash. Press and hold the Media Eject ( ) key on the keyboard until the disc ejects. Allow the disc to fully eject before removing or reinserting it. If you cant eject the disc, quit any applications that may be using the disc and try again. If that doesnt work, restart the computer while holding down the trackpad button.
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Playing DVD-Video Discs

If your iBook G4 has a Combo drive or optional SuperDrive, you can play a DVD-Video disc. Insert the DVD-Video disc in the drive and open DVD Player. Youll find DVD Player provides easy-to-use controls for starting, stopping, and viewing DVDs.
If your iBook G4 is connected to a TV, you can watch a DVD-Video on the TV screen. You can also connect your iBook G4 to your stereo system. Use a miniplug-to-RCA cable (not included) to connect the headphone (f ) port on your iBook G4 to the audio input ports on your stereo.
Recording CD-R and CD-RW Discs
If your iBook G4 has a Combo drive, you can record data on CD-R and CD-RW discs. To record data on a CD-R or CD-RW disc: 1 Insert a blank disc into the optical drive. 2 In the dialog that appears, enter a name for the disc. An icon for the disc appears on the desktop. 3 Drag files and folders to the disc icon. 4 Click the Burn Disc icon beside the disc name in the Finder Sidebar. You can also record music on CD-R or CD-RW discs right from your iTunes library. To record music from your iTunes library: 1 Click the iTunes icon in the Dock. 2 Select the playlist you want to record. 3 Insert a blank CD-R or CD-RW disc. 4 At the top of the iTunes window, click Burn CD.

Chapter 5 Troubleshooting
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If you recently installed additional memory, make sure that it is correctly installed
and that it is compatible with your computer. See whether removing it allows the computer to start up (see page 51). If you are still unable to start up your computer, see the service and support information that came with your iBook G4 for information on contacting Apple for service. If the display suddenly goes black or your system freezes Try restarting your system. 1 Unplug any devices that are connected to your iBook G4 except the power adapter. 2 Hold down the Command (x) and Control keys and press the Power button () to restart the system. 3 Let the battery charge to at least 10 percent before plugging in any external devices and resuming your work. To see how much the battery has recharged, look at the Battery status icon in the menu bar.

Other Problems

If you forgot your password You can reset your administrator password. 1 Insert your Install disc.
restart your computer and hold down the C key as it starts up. If you have two iBook G4 Software Install and Restore DVDs, insert the first disc into your computer. Then restart your computer and hold down the C key as it starts up. 2 Choose Installer > Reset Password from the menu bar. Follow the instructions on the screen. If you have a problem with an application For problems with software from a manufacturer other than Apple, contact the manufacturer. Software manufacturers often provide software updates on their websites.
You can configure your iBook G4 to automatically check for and install the latest
Apple software using the Software Update pane of System Preferences. For more information, choose Help > Mac Help from the menu bar and search for Software Update.
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If you have trouble using AirPort Extreme wireless communication Make sure you have properly configured the software according to the instructions that came with your AirPort Extreme Card or base station. Make sure the computer or network you are trying to connect to is running and has a wireless access point. Make sure you are within antenna range of the other computer or the networks access point. Nearby electronic devices or metal structures can interfere with wireless communication and reduce this range. Repositioning or rotating the computer may improve reception.

Check the AirPort Extreme signal level.
Check the AirPort status icon in the menu bar. Up to four bars appear to show signal strength.
See AirPort Help (choose Help > Mac Help, then choose Library > AirPort Help from
the menu bar) and the instructions that came with the wireless device for more information.
If you have trouble ejecting a disc Quit any applications that may be using the disc and try again. If that doesnt work, restart the computer while holding down the trackpad button. If you suspect a problem with your computer hardware You can use the Apple Hardware Test application to help determine if there is a problem with one of your computers components, such as the memory or processor. If your iBook G4 came with two Software Install and Restore DVDs, Apple Hardware Test is on the first Software Install and Restore DVD. If your iBook G4 came with a series of Software Install CDs and another series of Software Restore CDs, Apple Hardware Test is on a separate Apple Hardware Test CD.
To use Apple Hardware Test: 1 Disconnect all external devices from your computer except the keyboard and mouse. If you have an Ethnernet cable connected, disconnect it. 2 Start up your computer using Apple Hardware Test:
If you have the Apple Hardware Test CD, insert it into your computer. Then restart your
computer and hold down the C key as it starts up.
If you have two iBook G4 Software Install and Restore DVDs, insert the first disc into
your computer. Then restart your computer and hold down the Option key as it starts up. A list of available startup volumes appears. Click Apple Hardware Test and click the right arrow. 3 When the Apple Hardware Test main screen appears, follow the onscreen instructions.
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4 If Apple Hardware Test detects a problem, it displays an error code. Make a note of the error code before pursuing support options. If Apple Hardware Test does not detect a hardware failure, the problem may be software-related. For more information about Apple Hardware Test, see the Apple Hardware Test Read Me file on the Apple Hardware Test CD or on the first Software Install and Restore DVD. If you have problems with your Internet connection Make sure your telephone line or network cable is connected and functioning properly. If you are using a dial-up Internet connection, make sure that your telephone cord is plugged into the modem port (marked with the W icon) and not the Ethernet port (marked with the G icon) on the computer. Open the Network pane of System Preferences and verify the information entered there with your Internet service provider (ISP) or network administrator. If you have a problem using your computer or working with the Mac OS If the answers to your questions are not in this manual, look in Mac OS Help for instructions and troubleshooting information. Check the Apple Support website at www.apple.com/support for the latest troubleshooting information and software updates.

3 Type the information into the corresponding fields. If you want all users of your computer to use the same connection method, select Save password. Note: To connect automatically when you start a TCP/IP application, such as a web browser or email, click PPPoE Options, then select Connect automatically when needed.
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4 Click TCP/IP and choose either Using PPP or Manually from the Configure IPv4 pop-up menu, as instructed by your ISP. If you have a static IP address from your ISP, choose Manually and type the address in the IP Address field. 5 Type the domain name server (DNS) addresses in the DNS Servers field.
6 Click Apply Now. Once you configure your network, your Internet connection is ready. You can open your web browser or other TCP/IP application to test your connection. Important: If you did not select the option to connect automatically, you will need to open the Internet Connect application, choose the correct configuration, and then click Connect. For more information, choose Help > Internet Connect Help from the menu bar at the top of the display.
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AirPort Extreme Wireless Connection
You can configure your AirPort Extreme network and Internet connection using AirPort Setup Assistant, located in the Utilities folder within your Applications folder. The assistant helps you configure the AirPort Extreme Base Station and set up your computer to use AirPort Extreme. For more information about your AirPort Extreme Base Station, see the AirPort Extreme Base Station Setup Guide that came with your base station. If your AirPort Extreme Base Station is already configured, in most cases your AirPort Extreme Card is ready to access it immediately.
To check if you have access to an AirPort Extreme network: Click the AirPort status icon in the menu bar and choose an AirPort network listed there.
If you dont see an AirPort network listed, you can use AirPort Setup Assistant to check or change your settings, or you can change them using the Network pane of System Preferences.
Setting Up an AirPort Extreme Connection Manually
Gather the following information from your system administrator if youll be setting up a manual connection, which uses specific preassigned addresses for your servers and computer. If youll be connecting using DHCP, most of this information is provided to your computer automatically by the network, so ask your system administrator what is required. Domain name server (DNS) addresses, if necessary DHCP or manual IP address configuration IP address Router address Subnet mask Password, if required

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How does the Mac OS X interface work? Users new to Mac OS X often have questions about how to carry out certain tasks. Your best source for Mac OS X information is Mac OS Help. Youll find introductory explanations for new users, users switching from Windows computers, and users upgrading from Mac OS 9. Open Mac OS Help by choosing Mac Help from the Help menu in the Finder menu bar at the top of your screen. Browse the new user information listed there. Many of the basic tasks users are interested in involve the Finder, so try searching for Finder, too. How do I make my iBook G4 battery last longer? Remember to calibrate your battery when you first use it (see page 16). You can conserve battery power by using the Energy Saver preference pane to specify how quickly the computer should go to sleep or dim the display. Open System Preferences and click the Energy Saver icon. Choose settings that are optimized for your type of usage. Using peripheral devices, such as hard disk drives, that get power from your computer can also shorten the amount of time your battery lasts. You can conserve battery power by disconnecting such devices. You can also purchase an additional battery that you can switch into your computer when power gets low. For more information about conserving battery power, see Battery-Conservation Tips on page 48. I put a disc in my optical drive, but nothing happened. How do I know if the disc is compatible with my optical drive? Press the Media Eject ( ) key to eject the disc. Apple slot-loading optical drives support only round 12 cm discs. Nonstandard discs with noncircular shapes do not work in the optical drive. For more information about nonstandard discs, check the AppleCare Knowledge Base at www.apple.com/support. Warning: Inserting a nonstandard disc into the optical drive may damage the drive. How do I connect a monitor or TV to my iBook G4? Your iBook G4 comes with an external monitor port and an adapter for connecting devices with VGA connectors. You can also purchase an Apple Video Adapter and use it to connect many commonly used monitors, TVs, and video displays. If your device has a connector that is different from the adapter included with your iBook G4, you need to purchase a different adapter to connect it to the iBook G4. To see the adapter included with your iBook G4, see page 5. For more information about connecting displays and other devices, see External Video Support (VGA, Composite, and S-Video) on page 39.
Appendix D Top Ten Questions
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Class 1 label

Service warning label
Laser Specifications for Combo Drive Laser on pickup unit when reading a DVD: Type: Semiconductor laser GaAs/In(GaAI)P/InGaP Wavelength: nm Power out of objective lens: 0.33 mW Beam divergence: 20 ~ 35 (Typical 27) Laser on pickup unit when reading a CD: Type: Semiconductor laser AIGaAs/GaAs Wavelength: nm Power out of objective lens: Read = 1.0 mW, Write = 80.0 mW Beam divergence: 14.5 ~ 17.5 (Typical 16) Laser Specifications for CD Laser on pickup unit when reading a CD: Type: Semiconductor laser AIGaAs Wavelength: 78 ~ 800 nm (Typical 790 nm) Power out of objective lens: Read =.11 mW, Beam divergence: 14 ~ 20 (Typical 17)

ENERGY STAR Compliance

As an ENERGY STAR partner, Apple has determined that standard configurations of this product meet the ENERGY STAR guidelines for energy efficiency. The ENERGY STAR program is a partnership with office product equipment manufacturers to promote energy-efficiency. Reducing energy consumption of office products saves money and reduces pollution by eliminating wasted energy.
Battery Disposal Information
Dispose of batteries according to your local environmental laws and guidelines. Nederlands: Gebruikte batterijen kunnen worden ingeleverd bij de chemokar of in een speciale batterijcontainer voor klein chemisch afval (kca) worden gedeponeerd.
Telephone and Apple 56K Modem Information
Notify Your Telephone Company Some telephone companies require that you notify the local business office when you hook up a modem to their lines.
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Information You Need in the United States The internal modem complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. On the back of this equipment is a label that contains, among other information, the FCC registration number and ringer equivalence number (REN). If requested, provide this information to your telephone company. Ringer equivalence number (REN): 0.1B The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone lines and still have all those devices ring when your telephone number is called. In most, but not all areas, the sum of the RENs of all devices connected to one line should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the number of devices you may connect to your line, as determined by the REN, you should contact your local telephone company to determine the maximum REN for your calling area. Telephone jack type: USOC, RJ-11 An FCC-compliant telephone cord and modular plug are provided with this equipment. This equipment is designed to be connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using a compatible modular jack that complies with Part 68 rules. See the installation instructions for details. Telephone Line Problems If your telephone doesnt work, there may be a problem with your telephone line. Disconnect the modem to see if the problem goes away. If it doesnt, report the problem either to your local telephone company or to your companys telecommunications people. If disconnecting the modem eliminates the problem, the modem itself may need service. See the service and support information that came with your Apple product for instructions on how to contact Apple or an Apple-authorized service provider for assistance. If you do not disconnect your modem when it is adversely affecting the telephone line, the telephone company has the right to disconnect your service temporarily until you correct the problem. The telephone company will notify you as soon as possible. Also, you will be informed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC. The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that could affect the operation of your equipment. If this happens, the telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make the necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted service.

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controls brightness 7 volume 7
hand positions 73 headphone port 9
DHCP 78 configuration 84 dial-up connection 79 modem 78 dialup connection 75 discs compatible 94 display cleaning 69 goes black 63 mirroring 40 release button 7 disposing of batteries 47, 98 downloading software 26 DSL 78, 81 modem 77 DVD burning 44 DVD discs 43 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 81
image size 20 inserting a disc 42 installation instructions 5 installing AirPort Extreme Card 51 memory 55 internal modem 39 port 9 Internet configuration 80 connection 65, 93 using Setup Assistant 87 Internet service provider 75 inventory of items 5 ISP 75
LAN 81 connection 77, 78 locating your serial number 66
ejecting a disc 42 ergonomics 73 Ethernet networking capability 38 port 9, 38 external microphones 45 monitor 40 monitor port 9
Mac OS Mac OS X 24 interface 94 manual Internet configuration 83 manually using DHCP router option 77 Media Eject key 7 memory checking 59 microphone 7, 45 modem 11, 39 cable 75 DSL 75 monitoring a printer 25 mouse 23 multiple USB devices 33
fan noise 95 finding your serial number 66 FireWire cable 34, 35 devices and battery power 35 port 9, 34 Target Disk Mode 34, 35 Force Quit 29 frozen application 29 function key 7
Network Connections 91 networking two computers 34, 35 wireless 36 Network Setup Assistant 75, 93 numeric keypad 23 Num Lock key 7
general safety 71 green light 21
optical drive 7, 41 compatible discs 94
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disc sizes supported 41

password 95 resetting 95 playing a video 43 CDs 41 DVD-Video discs 43 plug AC 10 Point-to-Point Protocol 78, 81, 85 port Ethernet 9 external monitor 9 FireWire 9 headphone 9 internal modem 9 power adapter 7 USB 9 video out 9 power adapter 21, 70 port 7 Power button 7, 13 PPPoE 78 configuration 85 connections 78, 90 presentation mode (see display mirroring) 40 Print & Fax preferences 25 printing 25 setup 25 problems computer freezes 62 computer wont respond 61 computer wont turn on 62 display goes black 63 Internet connection 65, 90 pointer wont move 61 PPPoE connections 90 restoring your software 65 trouble ejecting a disc 64 trouble using AirPort 64 turning the computer on 14 with an application 63 putting your iBook G4 to sleep 15
reinstalling software 65, 95 removing the battery 46 replacing the battery 46 resetting your password 63 restoring software 65 RJ-11 cable 39
safety 71 power adapter 70 using your iBook GSDRAM specifications 51 security slot 9, 49 serial number 66 setting up 77 a printer 25, 93 to connect manually 78 setup assistant 12 shutting down 15 sleep 15 sleep indicator light 7 software installer 65 Software Update 26 speakers 7, 45 specifications SDRAM 51 static IP address 83 stopping an application 29 the computer 15 storing your iBook GSystem Preferences 24