G7 Hints & Tips Inputting Notes
Inputting Notes, Notation Staff Click the Tab key at the very start, which automatically selects the first rest of the first bar, or you can select the rest with the mouse. Then choose a note value from the G7 Keypad (youll see that the rest changes its duration to reflect your choice). Start entering notes with the mouse directly or by using the Fretboard. Alternatively, you can enter notes using a MIDI instrument or with the computer keyboard. When using the computer keyboard, type A, B, C, D, E, F or G to input the corresponding pitches. A blue cursor will show you where youre entering notes. Dont forget to hit the Esc key before and after performing these functions. Inputting Tab: Computer Keyboard Tab can be inputted using the mouse directly or the mouse using the Fretboard, the computer keyboard, or a MIDI instrument. First select the first bar or the bar rest in the first bar of the tab staff, then type N (for note). A small blue cursor will appear in the tab staff. You can move the cursor from string to string by using the / keys. To input the fret numbers, first select a rhythmic value from the G7 keypad, and then simply type the number from the number keys across the top of the computer keyboard (not the numeric keypad). Advance by using clicking the key. Pressing the space bar will input a rest of equal value to the rhythmic value selected in the Keypad. Note that if your tab staff is set to not show rhythms, rests will be hidden. If you want to input chords, then move up or down to the desired string(s) and type the fret number(s) before advancing with the right arrow key. If you want to change rhythmic values, do so by selecting the new value from the Keypad before typing the fret number. Recording See Flexi-time Input and Flexi-time Options. Flexi-time Input and Flexi-time Options Flexi-time is the name given for real-time recording in G7. Both Flexi-time Input and Flexi-time Options are found in the Notes menu and have keyboard shortcuts. Flexi-time Input (Ctrl+Shift+F or X+Shift+F) starts real-time recording. To stop recording, type O (for off), press the Esc key, or click the stop button in the toolbar. Flexi-time Options (Ctrl+Shift+O or X+Shift+O ) is where you can adjust settings to increase the accuracy of results when recording in real-time. It is highly recommended that you check out these options before recording. You can record into a notation staff, tab staff or percussion staff. Note Input Options Note Input Options gives you control over how notes are inputted using the mouse or using a MIDI instrument in step-time or real-time. To access Note Input Options, select Note Input Options from the Notes menu. Significantly, the section labeled MIDI Input Filtering gives you
G7 Hints and Tips, Sibelius USA Inc. 1407 Oakland Blvd Suite 103, Walnut Creek CA 94596 888-4-SIBELIUS (888-474-2354 or 415-438-5160) Email: helpUSA@sibelius.com
the ability to improve note-inputting accuracy when inputting in real-time based on your playing style. Note the option Use one MIDI channel per guitar string in the MIDI Guitar Channels section. Also note the Step-time Input option that allows you to correctly input loosely strummed chords. See the G7 User Guide for more details. Triplets/Tuplets To input a triplet, quintuplet, etc. first enter the base value of the tuplet. For example, if you are entering an eighth-note triplet, enter an eighth-note first and then use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+3 (X+ 3 ) (3 from the numbers across the top of the computer keyboard) to create the triplet. Choosing 5 will give you a quadruplet. You can choose numbers 2 through 9 to create the various tuplets. Drum Notation You can have G7 quickly create a drum part for you by choosing Add Drum Pattern from the Notes menu. Click on Yes in the Cannot Undo window to bring up the Add Drum Pattern options. Note that you can choose from twenty different drum styles. If you do not like the result, simply select and delete the part and then try another drum style. Note that you can edit the auto-created drum part after creating it. You can also input drum notation as you would regular notes. Voices You can easily change the voice of a selected note or selected notes (including notes in a chord) by clicking on the number buttons on the bottom of the G7 Keypad, or using the keyboard shortcuts Alt +1,2,3 or 4 (Option 1,2,3 or 4). Use the Filter menu to pre-select lots of notes before performing this function. Note that the voices are color-coded for identification: voice 1 is blue, voice 2 is green, voice 3 is orange, and voice 4 is purple.

Additional Markings and Text Create Menu This menu is where you will find a good many of the markings, etc. that are used when writing music: things like adding bars, repeat barlines, chord diagrams or guitar frames, first and second endings (Lines), chord symbols and lyrics (Text), key signatures, and time signatures. The keyboard shortcut for bringing up the Create menu is Control-clicking or Right-clicking on a blank portion (not in a bar or on a note, rest or piece of text) of your manuscript paper. Note that keyboard shortcuts are listed to the right of each item in the menu. Slurs To input a slur, first select the note you want the slur to start from and then type S (for slur). You can then extend the slur by pressing the spacebar. Shift + spacebar will contract the slur. Lines
The Lines window includes slurs, crescendo and decrescendo lines, guitar bends, endings and many other lines, most of which play back. Type the keyboard shortcut L (for lines) or choose Lines from the Create menu. Scroll through the various lines available. Select a line, click OK and then click in the bar where you want the line to start. In most cases, you can extend the line further by pressing the Space Bar. In all cases, you can extend the line using the mouse. If you want to input a slur, it is recommended that you use the keyboard shortcut S rather than selecting it off the Lines window. Text G7 comes with many text styles that automatically give you the correct type face, font size and position for that particular text. For example, when using the text style for Title, the text is automatically placed in the center of the page where the title belongs. Text styles can be selected from the Text menu within the Create menu. Many of the common text styles like Tempo, Chord Symbols and Lyrics can be accessed by using keyboard shortcuts. Dynamics First select the note where you want the dynamic, and then use the keyboard shortcut Command E or Ctrl+E to select Expression text, which is the text style for dynamics in G7.Then Control-click or Right-click to bring up a list of dynamic markings and other useful markings that you can select. Once selected, the marking will appear under the note. Chord Symbols To input chord symbols in your music, first select the note that you would like your first chord symbol to appear above. Then use the keyboard shortcut X+ K or Ctrl+K to access the Chord symbol text style. You can also choose Chord symbol from the Text menu within the Create menu. When you select Chord symbol text, a flashing caret will appear above the selected note. You can then type your chord symbols or you can Ctrl-click or Right-click to bring up a list from which you can select your chord symbols. Press the Space Bar to advance to the next note or beat. Chord Symbols from Notes G7 will analyze your music and input chord symbols automatically. Select Make Chord Symbols from Notes from the Notes menu. Click on Yes in the Cannot Undo window to bring up the Add Chord Symbols options and choose the appropriate options. Lyrics Select the note where you want the lyrics to start, then use the keyboard shortcut X+ L or Ctrl + L, to access the Lyrics text style. A flashing caret will appear and you can begin typing your lyrics. Pressing the Space Bar once in between syllables or words will advance you to the next note. Pressing the Space Bar twice will automatically start a word extension line. For hyphens, type the (hyphen) key. You can also type all of your lyrics in a word processing program like Microsoft Word and then import them into G7. See the G7 User Guide for details. Guitar Chord Diagrams/ Frames

In G7, guitar frames are called chord diagrams. You can create custom chord diagrams and libraries of chord diagrams in G7. To input a chord diagram, first select the note you would like the chord diagram to appear above, and then use the keyboard shortcut Shift + K, or select Chord Diagram from the Create menu. Once in the Chord Diagram window you can select edit or create chord diagrams. Once in the music, the chord diagram can be moved with the mouse or with the Arrow keys

g7_download.book Page 14 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Reference gerings are provided for each chord type: one at (or close to) the nut, one at around the fifth fret, and one at around the ninth fret. % All chords tells Sibelius to automatically calculate all the possible fingerings for a given chord. Note that the shapes generated will be governed by the Max. stretch setting (see below). If you are using a special guitar tuning, switching on this option will provide you with a wide selection of playable shapes for a particular chord, which you can then add to a library. % Max. stretch n frets determines the maximum distance between the lowest and highest frets that can be fingered for automatically generated chord diagrams. See Maximum stretch below for more details. % The Chords in library options determine whether Sibelius should display chords from a custom chord diagram library. See Chord diagram libraries below for more details. You can switch on several of the checkboxes at once to list all of their chords together at the lefthand side of the dialog. When you select one of the chord diagrams at the left-hand side and click OK, the diagram will be created above the selected note. If you didnt have a note selected before you opened the dialog, the mouse pointer will change color to denote that its loaded with a chord diagram just click on the page where you want it to go. Maximum stretch For the automatically generated chord shapes, you can specify the maximum distance that your fingers can stretch by setting the Max. stretch option to the desired number of frets. Editing and saving chord diagrams If you want to edit a chord diagram shown in the Chord Diagram dialog, select it with the mouse and click the Edit button. If you want to create a new chord diagram from scratch, click the New button. In both cases, youll see the dialog shown on the left.
* To place a dot on a string, simply click where you want the
dot to appear * To specify that the string should be open or unplayed, click above the top line of the frame to toggle between the O and X symbols * To draw a barr, click and drag across the strings you want to be barrd * To set the fret number at the top right of the diagram, click the arrows to the right of the window. *To set a different chord symbol than the provided default, switch on Use custom chord symbol and type the desired chord symbol; see Chord symbols below for more details. When you are happy with the chord diagram, click OK to return to the Chord Diagram dialog.

g7_download.book Page 15 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Chord diagrams If you want to use your edited or new diagram in other scores in future, you should save it into a chord diagram library, which happens automatically when you click OK (as long as you have a suitable library chosen in the drop-down next to the Add to library checkbox). Chord diagram libraries Libraries make working with chord diagrams very simple. For example, if you always use a specific set of fingerings for your chords (e.g. jazz voicings, or very simple fingerings for your guitar students), you can set up a library containing just those chords. This makes it much quicker to find the diagrams you want, and once youve set up a library, you can use it in every score you write. You can even send your library to a friend, or add libraries that others have created. To create a library, choose New Chord Diagram Library. from the drop-down menu in the main Create > Chord Diagram dialog or the Edit Chord Diagram dialog. You will be prompted to type in a name make it something memorable like Jazz chords or Easy voicings then click OK. To add a chord to your library, simply select it in the white rectangle at the left of the dialog, and click Add to Library. (If no library is chosen next to the Chords in library option on the right of the dialog, youll be prompted to choose or create one.) To use a chord from a library, switch on Chords in library, choose the appropriate library from the drop-down, and the chords will be listed at the left-hand side of the dialog. To remove a chord from your library, make sure Chords in library is switched on (its probably a good idea to switch off the other three options so only the chords in your library are shown), then choose the chord you want to remove and click Delete from library. If you want to share your chord diagram library with somebody, or want to install a library sent to you by another user, libraries are stored in the Chord Shapes folder inside the Resources folder in your main Sibelius 3 program folder. Chord library files have the extension.scl. Fingering For some guitar scores and educational materials it is conventional to show the fingerings required to play a particular chord, either above or below (but typically below) each string in a chord diagram. This fingering is represented as a number (1, 2, 3, 4) or in some cases text (e.g. T may be used to represent the thumb). G7 allows you to add fingering text to any chord diagram, and you can save fingering in the chord diagram library for re-use in other scores. Adding fingering text To add fingering text to a chord diagram, use the Edit Chord Diagram dialog. Either:
* Choose Create > Chord Diagram and click New to create a new chord diagram; or * Double-click an existing chord diagram in your score to open the Chord Diagram dialog, and click Edit.

* In the Create > Chord Diagram dialog, select the chord diagram whose chord symbol you want to change, and click Edit (or click New to create a new chord diagram based on the selected one) * Switch on Use custom chord symbol and type the desired new name, then click OK.
Be aware that chord symbols above chord diagrams are drawn using the Chord symbols text style, so characters such as b and # in the dialogs for defining custom chord symbols will translate into proper musical symbols such as b and # when you create a chord diagram.
g7_download.book Page 17 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Chord diagrams Making chord diagrams play back Chord diagrams themselves dont play back, but once youve added them to your score, you can use Notes > Make Notes from Chord Symbols to generate a simple accompaniment from them see Playing back chord symbols and chord diagrams in Working with lyrics and chords in your main G7 User Guide for more information. Copying, editing and deleting chord diagrams Chord diagrams can of course be copied, moved and deleted in the usual ways. Once created in your score, you can edit a chord diagram simply by double-clicking it. You can also cycle through different fingerings for a selected chord without going back into the dialog: simply click the diagram once so that it is selected, then choose Edit > Change Chord Diagram (shortcut Ctrl+Shift+K or xXK) repeatedly to cycle through different fingerings, from the choice specified by the Chords listed options you last chose in the Create > Chord Diagram dialog. Format options The Format > Others > Chord Diagrams dialog contains numerous self-explanatory options controlling the design of chord diagrams.
g7_download.book Page 18 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
File formats G7 for Mac and G7 for Windows use exactly the same file format. You can move a G7 score between Mac and Windows without any conversion at all see below. G7 can also open files saved from all existing versions of Sibelius for Mac and Windows (at the time of writing, the latest version of Sibelius is 3.1.3), with some limitations:
* Only Sibelius files with 16 or fewer staves in can be opened in G7 * G7 does not have all of the instruments included in Sibelius. When opening Sibelius files that contain instruments G7 does not support, these instruments will be renamed as Solo, but they
will still play back correctly.
* Certain publishing features of Sibelius are not supported in G7 (such as hiding empty staves, cue
notes, and so on), so the appearance of the file in G7 may not exactly match its original appearance in Sibelius. Sharing files with Sibelius users If you know anybody who uses G7s big brother Sibelius, you can easily share files with them. G7 files can be opened by Sibelius 3 and later (and G7 can open Sibelius 3 files), and if you know anybody who is using Sibelius 2, you can also save from G7 in the Sibelius 2 file format so that you can share music with them. To save a Sibelius 2 file, choose File > Save As, and select Sibelius 2 (.sib) from the Save as type drop-down menu. Note that some information will inevitably be lost when saving your G7 file in a format suitable for opening in Sibelius 2. For example, colored objects will all revert to black when opened in Sibelius 2, and some tab notations are not supported by Sibelius 2. Note also that the conversion process is one-way: once a Sibelius 2 user has opened and saved your file in Sibelius 2, if you used any features in your score that Sibelius 2 doesnt understand, they will not be retained if the Sibelius user later sends the file back to you. Serial number Files created with your copy of G7 include your serial number, and can be traced to your copy in the event of copyright infringement. Further information Refer to the Files topic in your main G7 User Guide for further information.

g7_download.book Page 19 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM

Flexi-time

Flexi-time options To get the various Flexi-time options, choose Notes > Flexi-time Options (shortcut Ctrl+Shift+O or xXO), which displays this tabbed dialog:
On the Flexi-time tab are the following options:
* Flexibility of tempo: controls how G7 follows your speed. If youre used to playing to a click, set this to None (non rubato), and G7 will keep a fixed tempo. The higher you set the flexibility,
the more G7 is inclined to follow your tempo. If you find G7 seems to be changing tempo oddly, its finding you hard to follow, so reduce the flexibility or set it to None (non rubato). Introduction. bars: determines how many bars introduction will be played when you start recording Record up to. bars: if there arent many bars left in the score for you to record into, this automatically adds enough bars when you start recording The Click button takes you directly to the dialog that determines the behavior of the metronome click during recording. Voices options: % Record into one voice allows you to specify a single specific voice to use for your Flexi-time recording % Record into multiple voices is an alternative to specifying a specific voice: when switched on, G7 will automatically split the music into multiple voices, producing clearer notation. This is the recommended setting.
g7_download.book Page 20 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
* Enable MIDI time stamps: if you have a computer with dual processors or a hyper-threading
processor, you may find that the rhythm of the notated music becomes increasingly inaccurate as recording continues. If you encounter this problem, switch on this option (Windows only; the option is disabled if you do not have dual processors or a hyper-threading processor).
* Replace and Overdub control what G7 does if you record over a passage that already contains music: if set to Replace, G7 will clear the existing music before notating the new music you play; if set to Overdub, G7 will add the new music you record to the existing music.
On the Notation tab are these options:
* Note Values options: % Adjust rhythms makes G7 clean up what youre playing. Leave this on! % Minimum note value: this sets the shortest note value G7 will write. (Note that this is not a
quantization unit G7 quantizes using a complex algorithm that varies with context.) % Notate: these are options to notate staccato and tenuto; if you are confident of playing the articulation exactly as you want it to be notated, switch these on. If you find lots of spurious staccato or tenuto articulations in your score after inputting with Flexi-time, switch them off, or adjust the When shorter/longer than thresholds (representing the percentage of the notated note value) beyond which these articulations are notated. % Remove rests between notes on drum staves: switched on by default. This option joins up shorter notes to remove superfluous rests in drum parts. * Keyboard Staves: when inputting onto two staves, the split point determines which notes go into each staff (notes on or above the split point go into the top staff, and notes below go into the bottom staff). If you choose Automatic, G7 will guess where your hands are on the keyboard at any time and assign notes to staves accordingly. Alternatively, you can specify your own Fixed split point. (Note that in G7, middle C is reckoned as C4 which may be different from how it is described in other music programs.) * Tuplets: for each of the tuplets listed, you can set G7 to detect None/Simple/Moderate/Complex ones. A simple triplet (say) means one with three equal notes. For tuplets such as a quarter note (crotchet) followed by a eighth note (quaver), use Moderate, and for tuplets with rests or dotted rhythms, use Complex. * MIDI Messages options: % Keep program/bank messages imports all program and bank changes using G7s MIDI message text format, other than program changes at the start which are put in the Mixer window. These messages are automatically hidden in the score. % Keep controller messages similarly imports all controller messages (such as pitch bend, sustain pedal, channel volume, etc.) and automatically hides them in the score. % Keep other messages similarly imports any other MIDI messages found in the score. Recommended options Our recommended Flexi-time options are the default values, as follows: Adjust rhythms on, Minimum note value sixteenth-note (semiquaver), Use multiple voices switched on, Flexibility of tempo set to Low, Staccato and Tenuto on. For tuplets, set 3 to Simple or Moderate, maybe 6 as well, and the others normally to None unless youre into playing things like septuplets. 20

g7_download.book Page 24 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Reference Audio Setup (Mac) The first time you run G7 after installing Kontakt Player, its Audio Setup dialog will appear. (If you need to change these settings at a later date, choose Window > Kontakt Player and click the Audio Setup button.) Adjust the Output Latency accordingly. The delay that occurs during playback is determined by the length of the audio buffer the software passes to your sound device. On Mac OS 9, OMS introduces a delay when you have Virtual Memory switched on; it is recommended that you switch off Virtual Memory in the Memory Control Panel before running G7. Settings window You can adjust further options by choosing Window > Kontakt Player and clicking Options:
* Master tune: allows you to adjust the default tuning of all instruments by +/- two half-steps
(semitones) * Animate keyboard during playback: when switched on, this causes the piano keyboard in the main Kontakt Player window to show which notes are being played by the selected slot during playback * If you have a slower computer, switch on Use ECO instrument set; this loads a lower-quality sample bank that uses less memory and which should give better performance * Direct From Disk options: when Direct From Disk (DFD) is switched on so that the DFD Active button is illuminated Kontakt Player will buffer sounds direct from your hard disk, rather than loading them all into RAM before playing. When DFD is on, Kontakt Player uses less RAM, but performance may suffer if you have a particularly slow hard disk. Playback via Kontakt Player Once you have set up Kontakt Player, you can simply play back your score as normal. When you start playback of a score for the first time (or click Reset Sounds in the Mixer window in a score that you previously played back through another MIDI device), there will be a delay of a few seconds as Kontakt Player loads its sounds into memory. Kontakt Player shows you a progress bar as it does this. If while loading sounds Kontakt Player says Physical memory is getting low. really proceed loading?, we recommend you click No. (You may be able to click Yes and force it to load one or two more sounds, but do so at your own risk as if your computer runs out of memory it will probably crash!) If you click Cancel or No while Kontakt Player is loading sounds, then the missing sounds wont play. To get these missing sounds to play back, you should adjust your Kontakt Player settings (see Tips for slower computers below) and then click Reset Sounds in the Mixer. If they still dont play, quit and restart G7, or restart your computer.
g7_download.book Page 25 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Kontakt Player Tips for slower computers Because Kontakt Player uses high-quality sounds that take up a lot of memory, it can place high demands on your computers hardware. To judge the best settings for a score, choose the most complex passage, or a passage in which you encounter playback problems, then try changing the settings, playing back that section again after each change to judge the improvement. Try changing the following settings, in this order:

ing this parameter updates the corresponding control in G7s Mixer window. * Volume: master volume control for the instrument. Likewise, adjusting this parameter adjusts the corresponding control in G7s Mixer window. The highest position of the volume fader in the Mixer corresponds to a volume of 0dB (decibels), which is not the maximum volume possible in Kontakt, but volumes higher than 0dB can cause clipping or distortion when many instruments are playing at the same time. If you adjust the master volume control in the Kontakt Player window to a volume higher than 0dB, the next time you start playback, it will be reset to 0dB (because this is the volume that corresponds to the Mixers volume fader). In addition, each instrument sample may have up to four other pre-defined adjustable parameters; each dial is labeled with the name of the parameter. Several sounds include a Reverb parameter; unless you want different reverb for different sounds, you should leave this alone and instead switch on reverb both in Play > Playback Options (see below) and Play > Performance. Playback Options G7s Play > Playback Options dialog has some settings for the Kontakt Player to help improve performance across a wide range of computers:
* Use Kontakt Player (if installed): this option is switched on by default. If you wish to stop G7
from loading Kontakt Player temporarily but do not wish to uninstall it altogether, switch off this option, then restart G7. To use Kontakt Player again, switch this option back on, then restart G7. Unload sounds when switching scores: this option unloads sounds from your computers memory when you switch between two or more open scores, which saves memory. Use reverb (uses more CPU): the reverb produced by Kontakt Player sounds great, but is very intensive on your computers processor; by default, Kontakt Player reverb is switched off. If you have a fast computer, try switching it on. Use the same slot for identical sounds: with this option switched on, if your score uses fewer than eight different sounds, G7 will nonetheless assign e.g. both staves of a piano to the same slot. This has the advantage of using less memory, loading fewer samples, and placing less demand on your computer; the disadvantage is that you cannot set independent pan and volume settings for each staff if they are played on the same slot. (This is one of many respects in which slots are like MIDI channels.) Limit number of slots: if you find that you are unable to get satisfactory playback when using the full eight slots, try switching on this option and limiting the number of slots to (say) four.
Using Kontakt Player with other playback devices You may want to use Kontakt Player to play back some of the staves in your score, and another MIDI device (or devices) to play back others. This is easy to set up in principle, but in practice you will encounter varying degrees of latency (delay) depending on both the speed of your computer and the nature of the other playback devices you are using. Typically, Kontakt Player is slightly slower to respond to the command to play a note than a hardware MIDI device or your computers built-in soundcard, because it has to load the high-quality 27

g7_download.book Page 28 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Reference sounds it uses from disk before it starts playing. As a result, you may need to set a higher latency for your other MIDI devices to compensate for this delay in the Kontakt Player. For details on how to adjust latency, refer to Latency on page 36. How Kontakt Player works In order to get the best out of Kontakt Player, you need to know a little about the way it works. Kontakt Player can play up to eight different sounds at once, drawn from the 20 sounds supplied. You can think of it as a MIDI device with only eight channels, rather than the normal 16. These channels are called slots. At the simplest level, this means that it can play back scores with up to eight staves in them without making any compromises. However, a staff in your score may potentially use more than one sound due to MIDI program changes (e.g. if a string bass staff starts arco but later plays pizz.), which may increase the total number of sounds used in your score above eight. Because Kontakt Player cannot perform the equivalent of MIDI program changes (where the sound played by a given MIDI channel can be changed during playback), it is therefore limited to a total of eight different sounds which occur anywhere in a score. What this means in practice is that, if your score uses more than eight sounds in total, G7 will make some compromise decisions for you about how best to play it back. For staves that are in the same instrumental family (e.g. guitars, keyboards) it will double up staves onto the same slot so that they all use the same sound so you may end up with acoustic, electric and bass guitars all playing back with (say) an electric guitar sound. You can influence G7s decisions by adjusting the Priority option in the Mixer window for a selected staff. There are three settings for this option:
* High: G7 will try to use the specified sound for this staff at the expense of others. You might set
this option for (say) a solo instrument staff; you might also set it for a staff that includes an important program change somewhere, e.g. going from arco to pizz. * Auto: G7 will, all things being equal, try to use the specified sound for this staff. This option should be set for most staves. * Low : G7 will happily ignore the specified sound for this staff, if it needs to assign another slot in order to give a higher-priority staff the correct sound. Even if you set these options, it may not always be possible to play back the precise combination of sounds that youre asking for within the limitations of the eight slots provided by Kontakt Player. Repeated notes If your score has consecutive notes of the same pitch in the same staff (or in multiple staves but playing back through the same Kontakt Player slot), you may find that the second and subsequent repeated notes do not sound. To solve this, modify the Note Durations options in G7s Play > Performance dialog to values of less than 100%.

Depending on whether you use Windows or Mac, refer to the appropriate sections below for help on setting these options appropriately. Windows users On Windows, external MIDI devices listed in the Device column are normally named after the port, and so include the words MIDI Out or MPU-401. Click Test on each item in the Devices list to see how it sounds. You may get no sound if the device is not properly connected, e.g. if your speakers are not connected to your soundcard or are not switched on. If you only have an internal soundcard, you should only set the Use column to Yes for one listed device choose the one whose sound you like the best. If Test in the Devices dialog works even though playback doesnt, switch any unused devices to No in the Use column. If you have external MIDI devices connected to your computer, you may want to set more than one playback device to Yes in the Use column. For example, some MIDI devices support 32 channels, which are usually represented as two separate MIDI devices (called e.g. MIDI out A and MIDI out 30
g7_download.book Page 31 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
B). In this case, you could set Use to Yes for both these devices, and then choose which instruments play back via which device via the Device drop-down menu in the Window > Mixer dialog (shortcut Ctrl+Alt+M or zXM) b Mixer.
One further Windows-specific option is found in the Play > Devices dialog: Play in Background lets you choose whether G7 can play while youre using other music programs. Some soundcards can make Windows crash when switching between different music programs. If you find this happens, click Play in Background, set G7 owns MIDI devices to Always, and click OK. Mac users On Mac, the items in the Devices list are normally named after the device itself (with the name set in Audio MIDI Setup on Mac OS X, or provided by OMS or FreeMIDI on Mac OS 9). To test each device, click on the name in the Devices column. The name of the device you click turns blue, to indicate that it is the default playback device. By default, G7 will only use this device, but all of the available devices can be used during playback, if you choose them for particular staves by adjusting the Device drop-down menu in the in the Window > Mixer dialog (shortcut Ctrl+Alt+M or zXM) b Mixer. There are a few further Mac-specific options on the Play > Devices dialog, as follows:
* Current MIDI system shows you the active MIDI system; click Change to choose a new one. When you click Change, the options available will depend on what software is installed on your computer. Mac OS 9 may list QuickTime only, OMS, or FreeMIDI; Mac OS X will only list Mac OS X MIDI and DLS Music Device only.
You may only choose one MIDI system to be used by G7, even if you have more than one available. You will be prompted to close down G7 and start it again after changing your MIDI system. * The Quality button (Mac OS X only) is only enabled when the DLS Music Device is in use; clicking this brings up a dialog that allows you to change the sample rate of the sounds played by the device; a lower sample rate doesnt sound quite as good, but reduces the demands on your computers processor, and may help to improve the stability of playback on slower machines. Use reverb is switched on by default; switching this off also reduces the demands on your computers processor. This dialog also contains the option Disable smoothing during playback, which (as the name suggests) switches off display smoothing (refer to Display settings in your main G7 User Guide) during playback, and switches it back on when you stop. If G7 warns you about playback problems, we recommend you try switching this option on before you try reducing the sample rate in the Quality dialog. * Show other music programs as devices (Mac OS 9 only) allows G7 to send its output to other music programs, effectively like playing into another program via MIDI input. This should be switched off by default. Sound sets Many external MIDI devices support a wide range of additional sounds, which are only accessible if you know the bank and program numbers for each sound. You can type these numbers individually for each staff in the Window > Mixer window if you want, but if an appropriate sound set is available for your device, this will save a lot of time. A sound set is a file that lists all of the sounds

* Pitches between x and y. This option is switched off by default (because it would be an inap-
propriate setting for other MIDI input devices, such as keyboards, that can reasonably play a wider range of notes than a guitar), but if you are inputting using a MIDI guitar, you may want to switch this option on and adjust the lower and upper notes you actually intend to be notated. * Notes with velocities higher than x. To avoid any very quiet notes being notated unintentionally, adjust the minimum velocity. Try playing notes as softly as you can on your guitar; when the note has a high enough velocity to pass the threshold, the little indicator in the dialog will light up. Set this parameter such that the softest note you are likely to play will be notated. * Notes longer than x ticks. To avoid very short notes being notated uninentionally, adjust the minimum length. 256 ticks = 1 quarter note, so the default value of 10 ticks is a little shorter than a 64th note (hemidemisemiquaver). If this seems to you like the kind of note value you never think youd write, set this value to be higher. Reset sounds If you open a score which was created on an incompatible MIDI device, G7 recognizes this and asks if you want to reset the sounds. If you click Yes, G7 resets the sounds in the score for you. If you need to reset the sounds yourself (e.g. if youve adjusted the sounds in a score and want to change them back to the defaults), open the Mixer window (shortcut Ctrl+Alt+M or zXM), and click Reset Sounds, which sets the instruments to use the appropriate default sounds for your current MIDI equipment. Software devices As computer power increases, hardware MIDI devices are gradually being replaced by equivalent software, in some cases surpassing the power, flexibility and quality of the best hardware devices. Kontakt Player, supplied with G7 (b Kontakt Player), is a good example: it produces high-quality sounds of a standard that was only available in hardware devices until recently. Many other software synthesizers are available, however, and although none of them is directly supported by G7, it is possible to set them up as playback devices. These range from soundfonts, which are drop-in replacements for the sounds built-in to your computers soundcard, up to samplers such as Gigastudio, or recreations of real instruments such as Hammond organs. Soundfonts Whether you can use soundfonts on your computer is determined by the operating system it uses, and/or the make and model of your soundcard. There are two formats of soundfont, SF2 and DLS. Many soundfonts are available for download from the web. The most useful ones are complete
g7_download.book Page 35 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
MIDI devices General MIDI banks, which require no special configuration in G7: simply install the soundfont bank, then use G7 as normal. There is no built-in support for soundfonts in Windows or Mac OS 9, but all users of Mac OS X 10.2 or later can use soundfonts without requiring any additional software or hardware. On Windows, support for soundfonts depends on the model of soundcard you have installed in your computer; for example, the SF2 format is supported by the popular Soundblaster series of soundcards. Consult your soundcards documentation for details of which of these formats if either it supports, and how to install them. To use soundfonts on Mac OS X:

g7_download.book Page 39 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
* Channel: sets the MIDI channel. G7 sets MIDI channels to sensible values automatically (giving
different staves different channels). You can see which MIDI channels are set for each staff on the left-hand side of the Mixer. Note that on General MIDI-compatible devices, channel 10 is a special channel used only for drums and unpitched percussion, so dont use it for other instruments. * Distance: scales the overall reverb setting for each staff, so a staff set to a distance of 200% will have twice as much reverb as other staves. This, coupled with the staff s volume (set by the volume fader), gives an impression of distance: distant instruments are soft with lots of reverb, nearby instruments are loud with little reverb. So set the staff s distance to more or less than 100% if the instrument is further or nearer than the average distance of the ensemble. Values between about 60% and 140% would be sensible. The overall reverb setting is controlled by the Play > Performance dialog (shortcut Shift-P). * Volume: a numerical representation of the volume fader on the left-hand side of the window; changing either the fader position or the numerical control updates the other. Although volume adjustments can achieve the same effect as Mute, we recommend you reserve Volume for making fine adjustments to the volume level and Mute for basically switching instruments on and off. * Pan: a numerical representation of the pan slider for each staff on the left-hand side of the window; changing either updates the other. The pan (stereo) position of a staff is represented by a Pan number from 0 (full left) to 127 (full right). Pan positions from (say) 30 to 90 give subtle and realistic effects more extreme values can sound crude, because youd be unlikely to have instruments literally on either side of you. All of the changes you make in the Mixer window are fully undoable just choose Edit > Undo (shortcut XZ or Ctrl+Z) or click the toolbar button. Click track Some music programs accompany playback with a metronome click, for example so that you can play along; if you want G7 to do this, click Click in the Mixer and switch on the Click when playing option. The Click when recording option controls whether the click sounds while using Flexitime recording. You can also change the Click when playing settings using the Mute button on the Mixer window itself. You can choose the percussion sounds used by the click track on the first beat of the bar and subsequent beats. The Subdivide beats option is useful in some time signatures such as 6/8, where it will click lightly on every eighth note (quaver). Stress irregular beat groups accents beats in the bar depending on the beat groups defined for irregular time signatures such as 7/8.

Saving audio tracks

b Kontakt Player.
Using Kontakt Player, G7 can save a digital audio file of your score, ready to burn straight onto CD or turn into an MP3 file to post on the Internet. You must have Kontakt Player installed in order to save audio tracks from G7. You need a high specification computer to get the best out of this feature refer to Kontakt Player on page 22 to check the computer requirements before attempting to use File > Save as Audio Track. Save As Audio Track To create a digital audio file of your score in WAV (on Windows) or AIFF (Mac) format:
* If you use Kontakt Player simultaneously with other MIDI devices for playback, only
the staves that are played back through Kontakt Player can be saved as audio. Therefore, you should set up your score so that all staves are played back through Kontakt Player before you start. Before you try to save an audio track, ensure that your score plays back satisfactorily with Kontakt Player first b Kontakt Player Choose File > Save As Audio Track or click the toolbar button (shown above). (The button is disabled if Kontakt Player is not installed.) If some of the staves in your score are not set to play back through Kontakt Player, G7 asks you if you want to set all the staves to play back through Kontakt Player now; if you click No, the operation is canceled A simple dialog appears, allowing you to set where the audio file should be saved and what it should be called. G7 tells you how long the audio file will be, and approximately how much hard disk space it will occupy. If you have a slower computer, it is a good idea to switch off Follow score during recording, as this will reduce the chance of any clicks or pops getting introduced as the result of your computer trying to keep up with the recording. When you are happy with these settings, click Save and playback will begin. The recording takes place in real time, so G7 will play back your score as normal while the recording is made. If you want to stop the recording at any point, click Cancel in the progress window that appears. The partial audio file will be saved in the specified location. You can use this to record e.g. the opening of a larger score.
Burning audio files to CD If you have a CD-R/RW drive (or CD burner as they are often known) in your computer, it should have come supplied with some software for creating data and audio CDs. The exact process for burning audio files saved from G7 onto an audio CD will vary according to the program supplied with your CD burner; see its manual for details.
g7_download.book Page 43 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
Saving audio tracks Creating MP3 files MP3 (or MPEG Audio Layer 3 to give it its full name) is the most widely-used format for sharing music on the Internet or via email, as it is much smaller than a WAV or AIFF file. Once you have saved an audio track from G7, you can easily convert it into an MP3 file you almost certainly have software installed on your computer to do just this (for example, Windows Media Player on Windows and iTunes on Mac can both encode MP3 files).

g7_download.book Page 46 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
% Include colored objects: if you have this option switched off (or if Monochrome is
switched on), any colored objects in your score will be colored black in the exported graphics file % Substitute: these options do the same as for printing, namely fix bugs in certain graphics programs that can make lines and braces draw incorrectly. When youve chosen your options, click OK to export the graphics file(s). Graphics formats Graphics file formats fall into two kinds: vector graphics and bitmap graphics. Vector graphics are scalable in other words, you can make them larger or smaller without any degradation in quality and the files also tend to use less memory than bitmap graphics. Bitmap graphics are made up of little squares (called pixels), so are lower quality than vector graphics, but are supported by a wider variety of programs. The specific formats available in G7 are as follows:
* Vector: EPS (Mac and Windows), EMF (Windows), PICT (Mac) * Bitmap: TIFF (Windows and Mac), BMP (Windows).
The TIFF format is detailed below; other formats are detailed in the Graphics files topic of your main G7 User Guide. TIFF files TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) is a widely-supported bitmap format particularly suitable for music because it can be compressed efficiently. If you cant use EPS graphics (e.g. because you dont have a PostScript printer), then we recommend using TIFF instead. TIFF export can use quite a lot of memory as files are exported; however, it should be possible to export whole pages at up to 1200dpi without problems. Unless you need color in your TIFF files, keep the Monochrome option switched on, as this minimizes the size of the saved file. Further information For more information, refer to the Graphics files topic in your main G7 User Guide.
g7_download.book Page 47 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
AIFF files. 42 Allegro files. 40 audio CDs creating. 42 audio files. 42 audio tracks. 42 Finale, Allegro & PrintMusic files. 40 File menu Save As Audio Track. 42 files. 18 AIFF files. 42 audio. 42 audio tracks. 42 file formats. 18 Sibelius 2 files. 18 WAV files. 42 Finale files. 40 fingering. 15 Flexi-time. 19 options. 19 fretboard diagrams. see chord diagrams

2.4 2.5

Copyright
3.1 You acknowledge that copyright in the Product as a whole and in the components of the Product as between you and the Licensor belongs to the Licensor or its licensees and is protected by copyright laws, national and international, and all other applicable laws. Further details of the ownership of all copyright in the components of the Product are set out in the Product.
Liability of the Licensor
g7_download.book Page 50 Thursday, July 29, 2004 2:53 PM
4.1 The Licensor warrants that the Product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship and perform substantially in accordance with the Documentation under normal use for a period of 90 days after the date of original purchase (the "Warranty Period"). If a defect in the Product shall occur during the Warranty Period, the Product may be returned with dated proof of purchase to the Licensor who will at its sole discretion either return the price paid or repair or replace it free of charge. The Licensor shall not be liable for any claim arising from: (1) any failure or malfunction resulting wholly or to any material extent from your negligence, operator error, use other than in accordance with the Documentation or any other misuse or abuse of the Product; (2) any loss of or corruption to any data, however caused, where such loss or corruption could have been avoided or corrected or substantially reduced if you had taken and retained in a secure place appropriate backup copies; (3) the decompilation or modification of the Software or its merger with any other program or any maintenance repair adjustment alteration or enhancement of the Software by any person other than the Licensor or its authorized agent; (4) the failure by you to implement recommendations previously advised by the Licensor in respect of, or solutions for faults in, the Product; (5) any loss or damage whatsoever resulting from any omissions or inaccuracies in any information or data contained in the Product. (6) Except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 4.1, all conditions, warranties, terms representations and undertakings express or implied, statutory or otherwise in respect of the Product are hereby expressly excluded. (7) Except as expressly provided in Section 4.1, the Licensor shall have no liability to you for loss of profits, revenue or goodwill or any type of special, indirect or consequential loss (including loss or damages suffered by you as a result of an action brought by a third party) whether such loss is caused by the Licensor's breach of its contractual obligations hereunder or any negligence or other tortious act or omission. (8) The Licensor's entire liability for breach of its covenants and warranties in this License and for any defect or errors in the Product shall (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1) be limited to the price paid by you for the Product.