Service Manual

CD6000K/N1B/T1B

/N1G/T1G

CD Player

REMARK : This service manual explains the electrical differences between the CD6000K/N1B/T1B/N1G/T1G (KI version) and CD6000F/N1B/T1B/N1G/T1G (OSE version). All other information is described in the service manual of the model CD6000F/N1B/T1B/N1G/T1G (Code number : 00060). The dispatch of the parts for after sales service has to be referred to these service manuals, with the first priority. For this reason, please use these service manuals with referring to the model CD6000 OSE service manual without fail. The CD6000 KI is equal to the CD6000 OSE except the following electrical changes (mechanical changes are not listed):
Main PCB Position No. 2131, 2132 2115, 2116, 2223,2224, 2225,2226 2311, 2312, 2316, 3249, 3250, 3251,3252, 3711, 3712, 3713, 3714

Service code 124 80123

Description 3300uF 25V 220uF 16V Silmic
470uF 16V Silmic 230V Transformer Short circuited

CD6000 KI

Printed in The Netherlands 255W855020 ACT 22570 First Issue:2001.04

Transformer Connections

Below the color coding and the connections for the transformer wires are given.

Yellow

Green Grey

12.7 V

Violet Pink Black Orange Red White Yellow

14.7 V

9163 9164

14.7 V 8.3 V

Blue Orange

9166 9167

8.3 V 0V

CD6000

CD6000 /N1B, /N1G, /T1B, /K1B, /K1G CD6000F /N1B, /N1G, /T1B, /U1B, /F1B, /F1N CD Player

CD6000OSE

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.... 1 SERVICING HINTS.... 2 SERVICINE TOOLS.... 2 SERVICE MODE.... 4 MICROPROCESSOR AND IC DATA... 5 BLOCK DIAGRAM.... 7 WIRING DIAGRAM.... 9 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM AND PARTS LOCATION... 11 EXPLODED VIEW AND PARTS LIST... 30 ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST... 34
Please use this service manual with referring to the user guide (D.F.U) without fail.
- CD6000 / CD6000OSE Printed in Japan 255W855010 AO 00060 First Issue:1999.06

Date: Page:

10-May-01 1/1
Model: CD6000/CD6000OSE REF.NB MZ01-013

SERVICE BULLETIN

Circulation: x for information customer complaint in case of service mandatory. Application:

Subject:

Correction of parts code number and description (POS. NO 5).

Int.ref:

[PHENOMENON] The part number and description for POS.NO 5 mentioned on page 33 of the service manual (255W855010, 00060) are incorrect. CD LOADER EXPLODED VIEW (page 33) POS. NO 5 VERS. COLOR PART NO. (FOR PCS) 61412 DESCRIPTION BRACKET, STEEL
[CORRECTION] The correct spare parts code number and description are; POS. NO 5 VERS. COLOR PART NO. (FOR PCS) 11709 DESCRIPTION DISC CLAMP VAM1201 ONLY

Approved by H. Tamura

Written by K. Ono

16-Mar-01 1/1

Model:

CD6000,CD6000OSE

REF.NB

MZ01-004

SV00xxxxxxxxxx XE00xxxxxxxxxx XE01xxxxxxxxxx XE02xxxxxxxxxx
Change of CD mechanism and CD loader
[PHENOMENON] CD mechanism and CD loader (with Disc clamper) was changed as follows. Service code SV00 XE00 XE01 XE02 CD mechanism VAM1201/01 VAM1202/02 VAM1201/11 VAM1201/11 Clumper (color) GRAY BLACK GRAY GRAY CD loader L1260/41 L1260/61 L1260/41 L1260/45

[SOLUTION] When replace the CDmechanism with the new one as repair, please remark the service modification code and refer to the following details. 1. In case of service modification code SV00, XE01, XE02 Replace the CD mechanism with the new one VAM1201/11 (10615, 356K304500) only. 2. In case of service modification code XE00 Replace both the CD mechanism and the disc clamper with the new ones VAM1201/11 (10615, 356K304500), disc clamper <GRAY> (11709, 305K005600).

MZ01-003

SV00xxxxxxxxxx XE00xxxxxxxxxx and XE01xxxxxxxxxx
Problem with the function "DELETE PROGRAMMING". Problem with the emphasis CD playback.
[PHENOMENON] Problem with the function "DELETE PROGRAMMING". When playing back the CD in "DELETE PROGRAMMING" mode. If only one track is deleted, then the next track and all following tracks will not be played back. In case of several tracks are deleted, then it will be repeated to first track after playing back last track. Problem with the emphasis CD play back. When playback several emphasis CD's continuously. The second emphasis CD is played back without de-emphasis after the first emphasis CD has played back. [SOLUTION] Replace the microprocessor 7600 with the improved one <uPD7806GF-098-3BA> (06337, HU255WN03F). The improved one is available with above code numbers. [REMARK] This improvement has been done in the production line after the service modification code number XE02 and later. The lot number and the service modification code are mentioned in the serial number label on the rear panel. (ex. XE02 xxxxxxxxxx) This service bulletin is the revised one (MZ00-009). Please replace the service bulletin MZ00-009 with this one.

10-Aug-00 1/1

MZ00-009
SV00xxxxxxxxxx and XE00xxxxxxxxxx
[PHENOMENON] Problem with the function "DELETE PROGRAMMING". When playing back the CD in "DELETE PROGRAMMING" mode. If only one track is deleted, then the next track and all following tracks will not be played back. In case of several tracks are deleted, this phenomenon will not be appeared. Problem with the emphasis CD play back. When playback several emphasis CD's continuously. The second emphasis CD is played back without de-emphasis after the first emphasis CD has played back. [SOLUTION] Replace the microprocessor 7600 with the improved one <uPD7806GF-098-3BA> (06337, HU255WN03F). The improved one is available with above code numbers. [REMARK] This improvement has been done in the production line after the service modification code number XE01 and later. The lot number and the service modification code are mentioned in the serial number label on the rear panel. (ex. XE01 xxxxxxxxxx)

Approved by Y. Okabe

Written by H. Tamura

13-Jun-2003 1/1

Model: CD6000 REF.NBR: MZ00-007 Rev

SERVICE

Circulation: x for information customer complaint in case of service mandatory

BULLETIN

Application:
Subject: Recorded CD-R disc can not be played back

See below

[ PHENOMENON] Recorded CD-R disc can not be played back very few. [REASONS] CD player can not detect the CD-R disc. [SOLUTION] Add the capacitor <10pF 50V NP0 0805> (32448, DD91100300) to the position 2509 on the HF AMP PCB. [REMARKS] <Revision> This solution has already been applied in the production after the serial number as below and later. CD6000/N2G CD6000F/N2G CD6000L/N1G CD6000F/N2B CD6000L/N1B CD6000L/T1B CD6000/K2G XE040312006992 and later. XE040313008949 and later. XE040312006383 and later. XE040313009836 and later. XE040312006273 and later. XE040312003101 and later. XE040316001063 and later.

Approved by S.Nagao

Written by WQ-817/additional rule3 (1st Issue 2003-03-19)

MZ00-007

Recorded CD-R disc can not be playback.
[PHENOMENON] Recorded CD-R disc can not be played back very few. [REASON] CD-R disc can not be detected by CD player. [SOLUTION] Add the capacitor <10pF 50V NP0 0805> (32448, DD91100300) to the position 2509 on the HF AMP PCB. [REMARK] This modification has to applied for product which has above mentioned phenomenon only. Then this modification will be not applied at production.
MARANTZ DESIGN AND SERVICE
Using superior design and selected high grade components, MARANTZ company has created the ultimate in stereo sound. Only original MARANTZ parts can insure that your MARANTZ product will continue to perform to the specifications for which it is famous. Parts for your MARANTZ equipment are generally available to our National Marantz Subsidiary or Agent.

ORDERING PARTS :

Parts can be ordered either by mail or by Fax. In both cases, the correct part number has to be specified. The following information must be supplied to eliminate delays in processing your order : 1. Complete address 2. Complete part numbers and quantities required 3. Description of parts 4. Model number for which part is required 5. Way of shipment 6. Signature : any order form or Fax. must be signed, otherwise such part order will be considered as null and void.

MARANTZ AMERICA, INC INC. 440 MEDINAH ROAD ROSELLE, ILLINOIS 60172 USA PHONE : 630 - 307 - 3100 FAX : 630 - 307 - 2687

EUROPE / TRADING

MARANTZ EUROPE B.V. P.O.BOX 80002, BUILDING SFFJB EINDHOVEN THE NETHERLANDS PHONE : +31 - 40 - 2732241 FAX : +31 - 40 - 2735578

BRAZIL

MARANTZ BRAZIL CAIXA POSTAL 21462 CEP 04698-970 SAO PAULO, SP, BRAZIL PHONE : 0800 - 123123(Discagem Direta Gratuita) FAX : +534. 8988

AMERICAS

SUPERSCOPE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. MARANTZ PROFESSIONAL PRODUCTS 2640 WHITE OAK CIRCLE, SUITE A AURORA, ILLINOIS 60504 USA PHONE : 630 - 820 - 4800 FAX : 630 - 820 - 8103

CANADA

LENBROOK INDUSTRIES LIMITED 633 GRANITE COURT, PICKERING, ONTARIO L1W 3K1 CANADA PHONE : 905 - 831 - 6333 FAX : 905 - 831 - 6936

AUSTRALIA

SCAN AUDIO PTY. LTD. 52 CROWN STREET, RICHMOND 3121 VICTORIA AUSTRALIA PHONE : +61 - 3 - 9429 - 2199 FAX : +61 - 3 - 9429 - 9309

THAILAND

MRZ STANDARD CO.,LTD 746 - 754 MAHACHAI ROAD., WANGBURAPAPIROM, PHRANAKORN, BANGKOK, 10200 THAILAND PHONE : +66 - 2 - FAX : +66 - 2 - 224 6795

SINGAPORE

WO KEE HONG (S) PTE LTD WO KEE HONG CENTRE NO.23, LORONG 8, TOA PAYOH SINGAPORE 319257 PHONE : +FAX : +65 2502213

NEW ZEALAND

SCAN AUDIO PTY. LTD. 8C PIERMARK DRIVE, ALBANY. NORTH SHORE, AUCKLAND. NEW ZEALAND PHONE : +64 - 9444 - 4710 FAX : +64 - 9444 - 1346

TAIWAN

PAI- YUING CO., LTD. 6 TH FL NO, 148 SUNG KIANG ROAD, TAIPEI, 10429, TAIWAN R.O.C. PHONE : +886 - 2 - 25221304 FAX : +886 - 2 - 25630415

MALAYSIA

WO KEE HONG ELECTRONICS SDN. BHD. NO. 102 JALAN SS 21/35, DAMANSARA UTAMA, 47400 PETALING JAYA SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN, MALAYSIA PHONE : +- 7184666 FAX : +- 7173828
JAPAN Technical MARANTZ JAPAN, INC. 35- 1, 7- CHOME, SAGAMIONO SAGAMIHARA - SHI, KANAGAWA JAPAN 228-8505 PHONE : +FAX : +748 9190
MK ENTERPRISES LTD. ROOM 604/605, ELECTRO-OFFICETEL, 16-58, 3GA, HANGANG-RO, YONGSAN-KU, SEOUL KOREA PHONE : +822 - 3232 - 155 FAX : +822 - 3232 - 154
SHOCK, FIRE HAZARD SERVICE TEST :
CAUTION : After servicing this appliance and prior to returning to customer, measure the resistance between either primary AC cord connector pins ( with unit NOT connected to AC mains and its Power switch ON ), and the face or Front Panel of product and controls and chassis bottom. Any resistance measurement less than 1 Megohms should cause unit to be repaired or corrected before AC power is applied, and verified before it is return to the user/customer. Ref. UL Standard No. 1492.

In case of difficulties, do not hesitate to contact the Technical Department at above mentioned address.

990521A.O

1. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Audio Characteristics Channels... 2 channels Sampling frequency (CD mode).. 44.1 kHz Quantization.. 16-bit linear/channel Error correction. Cross-interleave read solomon code (CIRC) D/A conversion.. 1-bit linear/channel Wow & flutter.. Precision of quartz Optical Readout System Laser.. AIGaAs semiconductor Wavelength.. 780 nm Frequency Characteristics Frequency range.. 5 Hz - 20 kHz Dynamic range.. 98 dB S/N ratio.. 110 dB Channel separation (1 kHz).. 103 dB THD (1 kHz)... 0.0025 % Analog output Output level (cinch JACKS).. 2.0 V RMS Output impedance. 250 ohms Digital output Output level (cinch JACK). 0.5 Vp-p/75 ohms Output level (optical JACK).. -19 dBm Power Supply Power requirement /K version.. 110 / 220V AC 50/60 Hz /N,/T version.. 230V AC 50 Hz /U version.. 120V AC 60 Hz Power Consumption.. 13 W Cabinet, etc. Dimensions Width.. 440mm Height.. 86mm Depth... 312mm Netweight (CD6000)... 4.1 kg Netweight (CD6000F).. 5.6 kg Operating temperatures.. +5 ~ +35 Operating humidity.. 5 % ~ 90 % (without dew) Accessories Remote control unit (RC6000CD).. 1 AAA (R03) Batteries.. 2 Stereo audio cable with cinch pins. 1 Remote cable with cinch pin... 1 Improvement may result in changes in specifications and design without notice.

2. SERVICING HINTS

3. SERVICE TOOLS
Audio signals disc Disc without errors (SBC444)+ Disc with DO errors, black spots and fingerprints (SBC444A) Disc (65 min 1kHz) without no pause Max. diameter disc (58.0 mm) Torx screwdrivers Set (straight) Set (square) 13th order filter 30204

WARNING

All ICs and many other semiconductors are susceptible to electrostatic discharges (ESD). Careless handling during repair can reduce life drastically. When repairing, make sure that you are connected with the same potential as the mass of the set via a wristband with resistance. Keep components and tools at this potential.

WAARSCHUWING

Alle ICs en vele andere halfgeleiders zijn gevoelig voor electrostatische ontladingen (ESD). Onzorgvuldig behandelen tijdens reparatie kan de levensduur drastisch doen vermindern. Zorg ervoor dat u tijdens reparatie via een polsband met weerstand verbonden bent met hetzelfde potentiaal als de massa van het apparaat. Houd componenten en hulpmiddelen ook op ditzelfde potentiaal.

Les normes de scurit exigent que l`appareil soit remis l`tat d`origine et que soient utilises les pices de rechange identiques celles spcifies. Les composants de scurit sont marqus
Bei jeder Reparatur sind die geltenden Sicherheitsvorschriften zu beachten. Der Originalzustand des Gertes darf nicht verndert werden. Fr Reparaturen sind Originalersatzteile zu verwenden. Sicherheitsbauteile sind durch das Symbol markiert.
Le norme di sicurezza estigono che lapparecchio venga rimesso nelle condizioni originali e che siano utilizzati i pezzi di ricambiago identici a quelli specificati. Componenty di sicurezza sono marcati con
DANGER: Invisible laser radiation when open. AVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM.

CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT

Varning !
Osynlig laserstrlning nr apparaten r ppnad och sprren r urkopplad. Betrakta ej strlen.

Advarsel !

Usynlig laserstrling ved bning nr sikkerhedsafbrydere er ude af funktion. Undg udsaettelse for strling.

Varoitus !

Avatussa laitteessa ja suojalukituksen ohitettaessa olet alttiina nkymttmlle laseristeilylle. l katso steeseen !
After servicing and before returning the set to customer perform a leakage current measurement test from all exposed metal parts to earth ground, to assure no shock hazard exists. The leakage current must not exceed 0.5mA.
"Pour votre scurite, ces documents doivent tre utiliss par des spcialistes agrs, seuls habilits rparer votre appareil en panne".

4. SERVICE MODE

1. How to enter into the Service Mode Turn the power on while pressing [PLAY]+[OPEN/ CLOSE] buttons together. The display shows model number, microprocessor version and mode. CD60:10P00 Mode number Microprocessor version Model number 2. Mode 0 (display P 00) Condition: [FOCUS OFF], [SPINDLE OFF], [RADIAL OFF], [MUTE ON] While pressing [NEXT ] button,the sledge moves out
side. And, release from this button. The sledge return to neutral position. Press [NEXT ] button, the function will change to
Mode 1. 3. Mode 1 (display P 01) Condition: [FOCUS ON], [SPINDLE OFF], [RADIAL OFF], [MUTE ON] Press [NEXT Mode 2. Press [PREV Mode 0. 4. Mode 2 (display P 02) Condition: [FOCUS ON], [SPINDLE ON], [RADIAL OFF], [MUTE ON] Press [NEXT Mode 3. Press [PREV ] button, the function will change to ] button, the function will change to ] button, the function will change to ] button, the function will change to
Mode 1. 5. Mode 3 (display P 03) Condition: [FOCUS ON], [SPINDLE ON], [RADIAL ON], [MUTE OFF] Press [PREV Mode 2. The following button operations are available at the Service Mode. 1) While pressing [STOP] button, FL display shows all segments. 2) Press [PAUSE] button. FL display shows each segments one by one automatically. (Segments test mode) And, press [PAUSE] button again, this mode will be stopped. 3) The same as Normal operation is performed by pressing [PLAY] button. (Except segments test mode.) However if some default is detected, display shows an error code. (For example: Err 10) Refer to the Table 1 ERROR CODE. 6. Canceling the Service Mode The Service Mode is canceled by turning the power off. 4 ] button, the function will change to

Table 1 ERROR CODE

Error Code Err 02 Err 07 Err 08 Err 09 Err 10 Err 11, 12 Err 13 Err 16 ~ 20 Err 30 Err 31 Err 32 ~ 47 Error FOCUS Error SUB CODE Error T. O. C. Error DECODER Error RADIAL Error SLEDGE Error SPINDLE Error SEARCH Error DOOR Error TRAY Error BUTTON INPUT Error
5. MICROPROCESSOR AND IC DATA

7405 SAA7372GP

PIN SYMBOL VSSA1 VDDA1 D1 D2 D3 VRL D4 R1 R2 IrefT VRH VSSA2 SELPLL ISLICE HFIN VSSA3 HFREF Iref VDDA2 TEST1 CRIN CROUT TEST2 CL16 CL11 RA FO SL TEST3 VDDD1(P) DOBM VSSD1 MOTO1 MOTO2 SBSY SFSY RCK SUB VSSD2 V5 V4 V3 KILL EF DATA WCLK VDDD2(P) SCLK VSSD3 CL4 SDA SCL RAB SILD n.c. VSSD4 RESET STATUS VDDD3(C) C2FAIL CFLG V1 V2 LDON DESCRIPTION *analog ground 1 * analog supply voltage 1 unipolar current input (central diode signal input) unipolar current input (central diode signal input) unipolar current input (central diode signal input) reference voltage input for ADC unipolar current input (central diode signal input) unipolar current input (satellite diode signal input) unipolar current input (satellite diode signal input) current reference output for ADC calibration reference voltage output from ADC * analog ground 2 selects whether internal clock multiplier PLL is used current feedback output from data slicer comparator signal input * analog ground 3 comparator common mode input reference current output pin (nominally 0.5VDD ) * analog supply voltage 2 test control input 1; this pin should be tied LOW crystal/resonator input crystal/resonator output test control input 2; this pin should be tied LOW 16.9344 MHz system clock output 11.2896 or 5.6448 MHz clock output (3-state) radial actuator output focus actuator output sledge control output test control input 3; this pin should be tied LOW * digital supply voltage 1 for periphery bi-phase mark output (externally buffered; 3-state) * digital ground 1 motor output 1; versatile (3-state) motor output 2; versatile (3-state) subcode block sync output (3-state) subcode frame sync output (3-state) subcode clock input P-to-W subcode output bits (3-state) * digital ground 2 versatile output pin 5 versatile output pin 4 versatile output pin 3 (open-drain) kill output (programmable; open-drain) C2 error flag; output only defined in CD ROM modes and 1fs modes (3-state) serial data output (3-state) word clock output (3-state) * digital supply voltage 2 for periphery serial bit clock output (3-state) * digital ground 3 4.2336 MHz microcontroller clock output microcontroller interface data I/O line (open-drain output) microcontroller interface clock line input microcontroller interface R/W and load control line input (4-wire bus mode) microcontroller interface R/W and load control line input (4-wire-bus mode) not connected * digital ground 4 power-on reset input (active LOW) servo interrupt request line/decoder status register output (open-drain) * digital supply voltage 3 for core indication of correction failure output (open-drain) correction flag output (open-drain) versatile input pin 1 versatile input pin 2 laser drive on output (open-drain)

Control signal a front digital output's power
Clock out(5MHz) Clock in(5MHz) Power supply +5V

7401/7402/7403 TDA7073A

PIN SYMBOL IN1IN1+ n.c. n.c. VP IN2+ IN2n.c. OUT2+ GND2 n.c. OUT2OUT1GND1 n.c. OUT1+ DESCRIPTION negative input 1 positive input 1 not connected not connected positive supply voltage positive input 2 negative input 2 not connected positive output 2 ground 2 not connected negative output 2 negative output 1 ground 1 not connected positive output 1
Note : All supply pins must be connected to the same external power supply voltage.

7602 LC89170M

PIN SYMBOL I/O EXCK SBSO SCOR WFCK MCK XMODE GND TEST SW1 SW2 SCLK SRDT DOSY VDD I/O I I I I I I I I I O O FUNCTION Subcode interface shift clock input and output Subcode interface data Input Subcode interface block synchronization Input Subcode interface frame synchronization Input Clock input (16.9344 MHz) System reset and low power mode Ground Test pin (Must be connected to ground in normal operation.) EXCK I/O setting (L: clock output, H: clock input) EXCK clock output pulse width selection (L: double speed support, H: normal speed) Command interface shift clock input Command interface data output Command interface readout enable output Power supply
REST RC5I DQSTN CD7RN SILDN RAB7N OPEN OPEN +5MP +5MP KEY0 KEY1 KEY2 KEY3 KEY4 KEY5 KEY6 KEY7 GND DACDAT RSTDD +5MP STBD SIOD CLKD GND SIDT OPEN CLKT DACSTR DACRST OPEN SDA SCL A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN RDN WRN OPEN OPEN RC5KILL RC5OUT TRAYM OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN CDRWO SLSWN OPEN TRISN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN
In In In Out Out Out In In

Low Low Low

Reset signal input Input remote control signal Request signal to read datas from 7602 CD7 Reset signal Strobe signal for servo part of 7405 Strobe signal for servo part of 7405
In In In In In In In In In/Out Out Out Out Out In Out Out Out In/Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out In/Out In/Out In/Out In/Out In/Out In/Out In/Out In/Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out

Level Level Level Level

Key Sensor Key Sensor Key Sensor Key Sensor Key Sensor(RESERVED) Key Sensor(RESERVED) Key Sensor(RESERVED) Key Sensor(RESERVED) Serial data signal for 7311/7312 Reset signal for 7800 Strobe signal for 7800 Serial data for 7800 Serial clock for 7800 Serial data signal from 7602 Serial clock signal from 7602 Serial data's Strobe signal for 7311/7312 Reset signal for 7311/7312 Serial data signal for 7405. Serial clock signal for 7405 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Data signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601 Adress signal for 7601

Low Low

Scroll rule select (HIGH : CD6000) Character select (LOW : CD6000) Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output or Segment output Gird output Gird output
Read signal for 7601 Write signal for 7601
Cancell RC5 from IR sensor during output RC5 Syncrorecoding signal output Tray motor control signal
In In In In In In In In Out Out Out Out Out Out
Low Low High High Low Low
In case of CD-RW disc,Gain up RF signal Sledge detect switch (LOW : in end) Tray in/out detect switch (LOW : in end)

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM

DIODE AMP & LASER SUPPLY TDA 1302T (DALAS) SIGMADELTA DAC WITH 8X FIR FILTER LOADER 1210/41

H.D.A.M. CIRCUIT

DIGITAL SERVO C.D. DECODER SAA 7372 L/R SEPARATING LOGIC CIRCUIT INTERFACE CD6000 : use NJM2114D X 2 CD6000 OSE : use H.D.A.M X 4CH MUTING CIRCUIT CONTROLLER &

HEADPHONE OUT

SERVO DRIVER TDA 7073A
SIGMADELTA DAC WITH 8X FIR FILTER

RESET CIRCUIT

5 MHz RESONATOR

CD TEXT DECODER LC89170M

32kX8 SRAM uPD43256BGU

uPD78076

MAIN CPU

RC5 BUFFER CIRCUIT

POWER SUPPLY

MAINS +TRAFO

uPD780204

IR-EYE GP1U28XP

DISPLAY DRIVER

KEY MATRIX

7. WIRING DIAGRAM

AUDIO AMPLIFIER PCB

12p ZIF FFC

CD Mecha L1210/41

HF Amp PCB

HDAM PCB

(OSE version only)

CONTROL PCB

Optical Out Headphone Jack (F/K version only) (Beige = GL) (Black = BL)

* PROVISION ON LAYOUT

Front PCB
8. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM AND PARTS LOCATION

AUDIO AMPLIFIER PCB AF PART
2217 +11.6V 100p 3249 22R +12V

1N4148 1N4148

XTO XVSS CKSL CKO MUTE0 MUTE1 MCOM LRC1 BCK1 D1 MDT 0.0 MCK

XT1 XVDD AVDD4

2313 2311

AF Part

CLKOUT1 +5Z

CLKOUT3

288K109020

4R7 0.0V

3327 4R7

3211 10K

3215 18K +10.9V 2SK369BL +10.9V 2SA3231 68R 7211 0.0V 2SK369BL

A 7223 2SK170

AT-49 16M9344 5310

3315 10K 4

7311 SM5872BS
RO AVSS2 RON AVDD3 AVDD2 LON AVSS1

Z 7213

A 3233
+5Z WCLK01 BCLK01 DOL DACDAT SCL

+5Z +12V-L

CD6000 ONLY

3317 10K 8

+10.4V

2SA970 7219

BCLK02

470R 3331 WCLK02

10K 2323

1N4148

-10.8V 6219

3328 470R

3330 100R

3719 120p

3333 470R

33 VSS10

LO AVDD1 DVDD DVSS
A A 100p +1.4V 2723 +1.4V +0.8V A A

-12V-L

2SC0.0V 10K 3221 18K 7215 -11.1V
7221 2SC2240 -10.5V -10.2V

7711-A NJM2114D 1

0.0V 0.0V

3245 22R

220u 2219

2221 220u

H/P-L-OUT

0.0V 1215

2715 120p 3715 12K 3717 12K 2717 120p 4 -12V-L 7 7711-B 8 NJM2114D

+12V-L +12V-L

DACSTR

CKOUT3

CKOUT2

CKOUT1

WCLK02

MLEN 5.0 V RSTN 5.0

-10.8V

3253 100R 2SC2878 7227

3255 100R

3237 1K

3326 220R

3325 1M

VDD8 XTIN XTOUT VSS12 VDD9 VSS13 VSS14 WCLKI VDDTC160G11AU
VSS7 VSS6 WCLK01 VDD4 VSS5 BCLK01 DOL VSS4

2315 2317

WCLK01
+L1 -L1 10K 3731-L2 10K 3733+L2 10K 3724 +R1

CD6000 ONLY 6

0.0 V DIN

TKC-A 1213

3334 470R

+5G +5Z

12 -L 11 GND 10 GND 9 8

A 3711

-11.6V

-12V A A

A A +L +12V-L +12V-R 22R 3712 22R

A L-CH AUDIO-OUT R-CH

2SJ74 7225

2SC2878 7229

2227 100p

DACRST 14

3721 120p

Z 3312

Z +1.4V

2331 100n

4 +0.8V 5 +0.8V 6 +0.8V 7 +0.8V

+12V RMUT

2314 2312

-R A A

3335 470R

BCLK01

10K 3726 -R1 -R2 +R2

3720 120p

SONY-12S

SEL24-32

-12V-R

XTO XVSS CKSL CKO MUTE0

3212 0.0V 1212 TKC-A 10K
3216 18K +10.9V 2SK369BL +10.9V 2SA3232

LC89170M

+5.0V CDRWO SLSW +5.0V TRAYSW +5.0V

36894K7

DACDAT

CRC CHECK

SW3618 470R

NC NC NC NC

LOADER{CDRWO,SLSW,TRAYM,TRAYSW}

+5.0V 0.0V

NC NC NC NC NC
To AFAmp PCB (1403) 3622 22K

+5D +5D +5D 3620 10K

KEY3 KEY2
NC NC 94 NC 95 NC 96 NC 97 NC 98 NC 99 OPEN 100

UPD78076 7600

D SILD RAB RESET RC5IN DQST CDRST 0.0V 0.0V 0.0V 0.0V +5MP
SCL 48 SDA 47 OPEN 46 DACRST 45 DACSTR 44 CLKT OPEN SIDT 100R 100R 37 +5MP 100R 34 100R DACDAT 31
DAC{DACDAT,DACRST,DACSTR}
To FR PCB (1802) (thru 1-to-n FFC)
3639 CLKD 3638 SIOD 3637 STBD 3635 RSTDD
KEY0 KEY1 KEY2 KEY3 RSTD STBD
1N0.0V RC5 0.0V 0.0V 0.0V
+2.5V 3 +5.0V +5.0V +5.0V +5.0V 0.0V +5.0V +5.0V 12

Provision M Provision L

CDTEXT{SIDT,CLKT,DQST}

KEY1 KEY0

100R 3628 100R 3627 100R 3626 100R 3625

SIOD CLKD

FR +5D D
CDRWO TRAYSW CD7R SILD RAB SCL
CDRST 3607 +5D 2600 47u 2606 47n +5MP

CD7{RAB,SILD,SDA,SCL}

3606 1M 2 VCC MN13811 RESET GND 1 100K 3609
+5D 4608 RESET 4u7 +5.0V D 4606 D 4605 D L D DAC D 4601 M D 4607 TEX D 4602 VF CD7 D 4603 RCFR +5IR

7606 BC847B

DC voltages measured in play mode

VF VF1 VF2 VFTD

D TO92 with Reversed Pin Numbers +5D 4600 +5IR

-21.0V -21.0V -26.0V

Last Update: 23 Mar 99 (912.2)
Note: GND jumpers used to minimize digital loops to reduce emission.

FE-BT-VK-N

CONTROL PCB COMPONENT SIDE VIEW
HDAM PCB COMPONENT SIDE VIEW
0003 BBAGEEEECCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCDDDDDDDDDDDDEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEECCCCDDDDDDDDBBBBCCCCCCCCDDDDEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE1

4 To MAIN 1213

+L2 +R+R1 -L2 -R-R-L1

1751 TKC-A +L1

288K288K2

2SC2873 7762

3754 120R 68R

2SC2873 7760

2SC2873 7761

2SC2873 7759

3752 120R 68R

3753 120R 68R

3762 68R

3766 1K 6754 BAS216

3751 120R 3755 120R

3764 1K BC857B 3770 7766

7764 BC857B BAS216

3765 1K

7765 BC857B BAS216

3763 1K

7763 BC857B BAS216

6766 BC847B

3778 33K 3774 68R BC847B

3776 33K 3772 68R BC847B

3777 33K 3773 68R BC847B

3775 33K 3771 68R 6755

BAV1K 2754 150p 2SJA

BAV99 7774

BAV99 7772

BAV99 7773

BAV99 7771

7770 BC857B

7768 BC857B

3786 100R

2752 150p

3784 100R 2SJ74

2753 150p

7769 BC857B

3785 100R 2SJ74

10. ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST
(VERS. :VERSION, U:U.S.A., F:JAPAN, K:FAR EAST, **:EUROPE) POS. NO VERS. COLOR PART NO. (FOR PCS) DESCRIPTION (VERS. :VERSION, U:U.S.A., F:JAPAN, K:FAR EAST, **:EUROPE) POS. NO 2441 VERS. COLOR PART NO. (FOR PCS) 32654 DESCRIPTION
F/N,F/T,F/U,F/F 1213 F/N,F/T,F/U,F/F 2314

320 12727

AUDIO AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT BOARD CONN.B2P3-VH POWER SWITCH 1P 4A/32A FUSE 19372(630MA) FUSE 19372(630MA) CINCH SOCKET AUDIO OUT CONN. 12P REV. ENTRY CONN. 8P CONN. 12P REV. ENTRY CONN. 12P REV. ENTRY MTZJ2.0B GP1F32T OPT SWITCH SLIDE 2P 2POS CONN.17POL. FEM. CONN. 12P REV. ENTRY FLEX FOIL 18P - 120MM FLEX FOIL 17P - 120MM 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 470 F 20% 35V 470 F 20% 35V 470 F 50% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 4700 F 20% 16V 47 F 20% 25V 47 F 20% 25V 3300 F 20% 6.3V 1000 F 16V 1 F 20% 63V 10 F 20% 50V 100 F 20% 50V 47 F 20% 35V 4.7NF 20% 250V 100 F 20% 50V 1000 F 20% 35V 1000 F 20% 35V 220 F 390pF 2.5% 100V 390pF 2.5% 100V 100pF 5% 100V 100pF 5% 100V 150pF 10%Y5P 50V 150pF 10%Y5P 50V 100pF 5% 100V 100pF 5% 100V 220 F 20% 16V 220 F 20% 16V 220 F 20% 16V 220 F 20% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 100pF 10% 50V 100pF 10% 50V 100 F 20% 25V 100 F 20% 25V 470 F 50% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V
(VERS. :VERSION, U:U.S.A., F:JAPAN, K:FAR EAST, **:EUROPE) POS. NO 42 VERS. COLOR PART NO. (FOR PCS) 60379 DESCRIPTION
TRAY, PLASTIC CHASSIS, PLASTIC COVER, PLASTIC BRACKET, STEEL GROMMET, RUBBER GROMMET, RUBBER GROMMET, RUBBER GROMMET, RUBBER SWITCH, OTHERS MOTOR DC <=37.5W PULLEY, PLASTIC TOOTHED WHEEL SPINDLE SPINDLE BELT, DRIVING CD MECHA VAM1201 STOPPER, PLASTIC STOPPER, PLASTIC STOPPER, PLASTIC STOPPER, PLASTIC GROMMET, RUBBER GROMMET, RUBBER GROMMET, RUBBER
/N/T/K 12429 /N/T/K 12431 F/U 21731 /N/T/K,F/N,F/T,F/U,F/F F/N,F/T,F/U,F/F 12441 F/N,F/T,F/U,F/F 12441 F/U 126 13751
/K,F/F /K,F/F /K,F/F /K,F/F
47NF 10% X7R 63V 470 F 50% 16V 470 F 50% 16V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 220 F 20% 16V 220 F 20% 16V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 220 F 20% 25V 47NF Y5VTUB 50V 10pF 5% NP0 50V 10pF 5% NP0 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 10 F 20% 50V 47pF 5% SL 50V 100NF +80-20% 50V 100NF +80-20% 50V 100NF +80-20% 50V 100NF +80-20% 50V 10 F 20% 50V 100pF 5% NP0 50V 47UF 20% 25V 47UF 20% 25V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 1NF 5% NP0 50V 100NF Y5V 0805 50V P80M20 22NF 10% X7R 63V 220pF 10% 50V 220pF 10% 50V 220pF 10% 50V 220pF 10% 50V 220pF 10% 50V 220pF 10% 50V 47pF 1% NP0 63V 100pF 5% NP0 50V 100pF 5% NP0 50V 100pF 5% NP0 50V 100NF Y5V 0805 50V P80MF 20% 25V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 4.7NF 10%X7R 63V 470pF 10% 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 100NF 10% X7R 0805 50V 4.7NF 10%X7R 63V 470pF 10% 50V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47NF 10% X7R 63V 47 F 20% 25V 22NF 10% X7R 63V

September 2002
The Shanling CD T-100 CD Player

by Thorsten Loesch

Meet the Glamour Model.
This CD player made big waves ever since it was first sighted on the Website of an
obscure Chinese manufacturer (first seen later in the US public's eye on the Enjoy the Music.com's PRIMEDIA 2002 show report). The Internet did its usual thing, everyone knew about it, everybody talked about. In general, the less was known the more was talked and the more opinionated the opinions became. Others where griping about pricing, an issue I will not go into too much, apart from saying that a Chinese Hi-Fi Shop pays Chinese rents, Chinese wages to employees and Chinese taxes. A dealer in the UK or US needs to pay UK or US rents, wages and taxes and while the Chinese dealer is likely buying from the factory the simple process of importing good into the US or UK is sufficiently messy and arcane to pretty much necessitates some form of distribution, which too has to pay UK or US rents and wages (plus shipping, import tax et al). This all adds up and makes as a result a player selling locally for $1,200 to $1,300 (USD) much more expensive than that once it goes over the Dealers Counter here in the UK or the US. With a factory recommended international sales price of $2,000 USD the factory ensures that professional distributors and dealers with shops (the classic brick & mortar guys) have enough of a profit to make a living. Hey its called capitalism, I did not make it. You can always take a holiday in Hong Kong or on the Chinese Mainland and buy your unit there. And you can take it back to the dealer there should something ever go wrong too.
Comments where also made about the looks. The cult of the black featureless box decided to declare the CD-Player to be shit because it was not a featureless black box, others remarking that something that looked good could not sound any good. Recent sightings at Hi-Fi Shows, but also the reporting in the show reports section of Enjoy the Music.com caused more comments. They most interesting thing is however that few of the people commenting ever had a chance to hear the Shanling player at all much less use it for a time in a familiar system. Preferring always to be ahead of the wave I had been talking to Shanling for a while about reviewing the Player and with a UK distributor being found I finally got my hands on one of the players. Unpacking and setting up the player was quite an experience. My first thought was: The pictures really dont do the player justice, it looks a lot better in reality. The next thing to impress me was just how thorough accessories where supplied. Not only do you get different feet allowing you to chose between spike-feets with disks or felt cushioned ones, Shanling included what appears to be a very decent Mains cable, fitted in my unit with a Hubbel hospital grade US style plug (this had to come off for the UK of course, so I fitted a normal good quality UK plug). You also get a little leather cloth to polish all the gleaming stainless steel, gold and chrome, a CD, the same tracks one mastered with HDCD the other without. The Remote control is metal fronted, pretty solid and seemingly made in the same factory where Marantz buys their remotes for higher price Items such as the CD-7. All in all given the price a package that is not at all bad, well presented and sensible.
The owners manual is in pretty clear, good English (not the often found Pidgin) if rather slim and sparse. The labeling on the transport controls is also in perfectly normal English, play, pause, next previous. Okay, so far so good, I set the player up to cook for a while (I know better than to listen to a new piece cold) and hit the first snag. The supplied cord used an IEC connector whose connection was very loose. After unplugging the mains side of the cord I managed to use a small screwdriver to tighten the grip, I mentioned it to Shanling who promised to do better. With a reliable mains supply ensured and burned in for 24 Hours or so things started to sound very promising.
Be All Things To All Men.
Thus exhorted the Apostle Paul (Paulus) the faithful. It seems the designer of the Shanling player took note of this. There is practically nothing possible in a CD player that has been left out. You want Upsampling? You got it. You want HDCD replay? You got it. You want the warmth of tube sound? You got it. You do not like tubes; you want the accuracy of solid-state? You got it. You want to drive your power amplifiers directly, without pre-amplifier of any sort (passive or active)? You got it. You want a tubed headphone stage? You got that too. And that is part of the problem. This player sounds so drastically different depending upon the specific use and connection that it is hard to say, This player sounds like that and only like that!. I will start by covering (and getting out of the way) the upsampling section. I have again and again tried it, it is easily switched on from the remote control. The changes in sound are hardly subtle and broadly mirror those I noted with other upsampler DACs and external upsamplers, including the dCS Purcell. I can understand why some Audiophiles like the effect of upsampling, I do not. What some hear as great detail I hear as excessive brightness and edginess. The soundstage gains loads of fake depth but narrows considerably and instruments appear to have smeared along a gradient in the depth. I found the upsampling to work just like all the other upsamplers I came across and to me PERSONALLY this feature could have been left out. It is nice of Shanling to give you the choice though. If you like what upsampling does, enjoy it, if you dont, just switch it off as I did. The other options are more difficult to assess. There are non-subtle differences in sound between the solid-state and the tube amplifier outputs. Passing the signal through the tube amplifier stage yielded a more laid back soundscaping and warmer tone, which I preferred slightly over the dryer, more forward presentation of the solid-state outputs. All following comments apply to the Player being operated via its tube amplifier output and without upsampling. As I can not stand listening to headphones I also have nothing to say about the tubed headphone output, sorry.

Be Joyful And Filled With Music.
While I was setting up and burning in the Shanling I also had a Heart/Marantz CD-6000 in my system (plus my restored and slightly modified Philips LHH-1000 DAC). Switching from the Heart CD-6000 (a little below half the price of the Shanling at around 700 UK for the latest version) to the somewhat warmed up Shanling was quite shocking. Not only was vastly more detail apparent, not only did the soundscape expand to and beyond the boundaries of the room as I am accustomed to from the Philips LHH-1000, the sound had a very holographic feel to it. Over the following weeks the player improved further, it seems a lengthy burn in is required. Clearly the player was playing on a very high level of performance as it was. Its forte is acoustical music, orchestral especially and if you have any of the classical HDCD Recordings made by Reference Recordings you will be asking yourself what need there is
for the new high resolution digital formats (more on comparisons with those later). The sound is open, detailed beautiful with a huge soundscape and extremely visceral impact in the nether regions. My usual torture test CD Pictures at an Exhibition (RR-79 Minnesota Orchestra - Conductor Eiji Oue) tends to highlight any areas of deficiency, for the Shanling CDT-100 it was a staple. The one thing I could not fail to note was the spatial and tonal presentation of the Player tended more towards a front row view of proceedings than to my preferred slightly more distant and warmer mid hall perspective. Adding the passive Digital Antidote certainly helped somewhat in exactly those areas (musicality and naturalness) in which it has the largest impact, it did not in any material degree manage to change the sonic perspective. Many however prize this very direct and open sonic character as displayed by the Shanling and one can take other steps in the context of system matching to adjust the perspective. However, while HDCD Disks showed just how much life is left in this old Dog CD and how good it can be, normal CD fared not badly either. Playing one of my current heavy rotation CDs, the Spiritual Life Music sampler (Nuphonic - NUX118CD) especially Jephte Guillaume The Prayer and Lakou a allowed me to count almost every raindrop on Prayer and deeply drew me into the rhythms on Lakou a. Referencing from memory the now discontinued Acoustic Precision Eikos (a heavily hotrodded Pioneer PD-904, hot rod work done by Tom The Groove Evans, retail price around 2,500 to 3,000) the Shanling is at least equal, but most likely superior in exactly the kind of direct, unstressed, fast, detailed and effortless delivery of music that made the Eikos in its day my personal best CD-Player in the world. Playing notoriously difficult pieces such as the massed Hallelujah Chorus from Haendels Messiah or Beethovens Ode an die Freude showed the Shanling able not only to give human voices a good and natural timbre without any objectionable hardness or cloudiness, the ability to resolve practically individual singers was astonishing. For a real good illustration of this try the short chorus on Tori Amos song "Way Down" (Boys for Pele East West 7567806962), you should hear each individual voice clearly lighting up its distinct acoustical space, in a wide and deep semi-circle behind Tori and the piano. It was not until I had a chance to compare the Shanling against the (unfortunately also discontinued) Marantz CD-7 that I could I finally nail down my second slight gripe with the way the Shanling CDT-100 presented the music. While the LHH-1000 DAC with a good Transport has a lot of swing, or pace, rhythm and timing, this classical domain of Naim Electronics and CD-Players it is not as outstanding as the CD-7. With the Shanling I knew that with music relying heavily on rhythmic ability to communicate the emotions, I was less involved than using my own set-up, but it was clear only after the comparison to the arguably at its last selling price more than twice as expensive CD-7 (last CD-7 Price UK 3,500 app. $5,000 USD) that it became clear to me that the one KEY deficiency of the Shanling CDT-100 is in the swing department. Not that it cannot communicate rhythm; it just is not as good at it as the best. On all other counts the Shanling matched or exceeded the CD-7, especially in certain areas of tonal shading where the Shanling seemed to have a palette little more varied

from which to paint. Of course, like virtually any of the Philips TDA-1541 DAC chip equipped Players and DACs, the Marantz CD-7 has a little more of my favourite mid hall seat balance on orchestral music. All in all there was little that would make either the Marantz CD-7 or the Shanling CDT-100 a clear winner, both units played music on a level rarely achieved by ANY of the at least semi-affordable pieces of Digital replay gear. I should have liked to compare the Shanling myself to Players that are more likely its current competition (in price at least), such as the Arcam FMJ-72 with which it shares the new HDCD Decoder chip. Sadly time did not allow, a friend who works in a Hi-Fi shop and had promised to bring the Arcam over from the Shop for a day in the end did not manage to bring it along as it had to be loaned out to a customer. Rather than commenting on second hand impressions and dodgy comparisons, I will comment no further than saying that the Shop he works for will be selling the Player when sufficient stock has made it into the country so you dont three guys all trying to get their hands on the same self player. While some people reported a strong sensitivity of the player to the used interconnects I found that all my Interconnects at hand (all air dielectric, minimum capacitance, this solid core wire designs in either copper or silver) worked just dandy, I would suggest to stay away from high capacitance interconnects, and interconnects with heavy, muti-stranded conductors. But I recommend this any which way, as I have yet to encounter any of the unrolled capacitor foil interconnects that sounds natural and any interconnect with heavy gauge stranded connectors that do not sound as if there is a heavy blanket thrown over the speakers. When it comes to silver vs. copper, this is a matter of taste, I preferred copper interconnects with the Shanling while my own DAC seems to prefer the silver version. A last note on the sonic impact of the build in digital volume control is needed. I normally used the Shanling with a passive control center whose volume control is based around a transformer used with a switch to control the level. I find this method to be exceedingly transparent and wholesome to music, mind and soul. Nevertheless I tried for a while using the Shanling directly into my digital equalizer and amplifiers. As the passive control has practically no loss in level when turned fully up I could easily compare. In my system the sensitivity of the Amplifiers et al are such that the full level from the Shanling was just right for way damn loud. Turning the volume down digitally showed non of the immediate and drastic losses of transparency that accompany the use of the inbuilt digital volume control for example in the Heart/Marantz CD-6000, however at higher levels of attenuation detail was lost and the soundstage slightly flattened and narrowed. Nothing undue but notable compared to using a transformer attenuator. If my memories of normal resistively attenuated passive and active preamplifiers are still reliable compared to the transformer attenuator I would say the build in digital volume control of the Shanling player lost slightly more music than a good (Audio Synthesis Passion) passive controller but less than most if not any active preamps. If the output level of the Shanling works okay with your amplifiers running completely without any preamp or control center is likely to give the more transparent and dynamic presentation of the music.

The New Kids In Town.

The talk of most Audiophiles is and has been for the last few years all those new and improved digital audio systems. Be it the Sony/Philips SACD or the DVD Consortiums Audio DVD at 96kHz or even 192KHz sample rate and 24-bit (supposed) resolution, we are being constantly bombarded with claims of how great they sound. Of course, the number of available titles is still pretty scant for SACD and virtually nil for DVD-Audio. And what is out there is the nth re-issue of stuff I either cant stand or already have several copies in Vinyl and CD on the shelf. Beyond that one repeatedly hears claims as to how good the new players make old CD sound. Over time I have again and again been left after demos with a feeling that while in some areas SACD and Audio-DVD had modest degrees of improvement over CD at its best I found myself waiting for the ear opening experience in vain. The only time I ever heard a drastic improvement for 24bit/96kHz over 16-bit/44.1kHz recordings was in a friends studio there we where both quite shocked as to the degree of sonic potential a good 24-bit/96kHz recording had. But this was done with very expensive studio grade ADC and DACs. So I seized on the chance to hear two of the new formats in my system. Both players where modified far beyond stock, one being the Sony XB-940 with modifications similar to those offered by Vacuum State Electronics. Please note that modifications where NOT the VSE Kit or done by VSE, even though they appear very similar as far as I can tell. So my comments on the sonics should not be seen as applying to a VSE modified player, which I have not had the chance to hear. The other player was the new Pioneer DV-747 Universal Player apparently with improved clock, fully discrete output stages and an external pretty substantial power supply. Luckily some material was available for comparison on both CD and SACD and on CD and Audio DVD. Sadly no material was available in all three formats. So the question I was trying to answer was not if SACD or DVD-Audio where better but if a high performance CD-only player at the $2,000 price point still made any sense at all and just how much bigger the sonic potential of the new formats had grown with recent recordings and heavily optimized players. First up was the Sony XB-940 and in my system at least it did no better on CD than the Heart/Marantz CD-6000, possibly even worse. Against the Shanling a veritable wet blanket had been thrown over each of the Speakers. Switching to SACD improved the sound in a small degree, especially where it was lacking (resolution, naturalness), but a well-recorded CD played through the Shanling CD-Player just simply was miles better than any of the SACDs we had available was through the Sony SACD Player. Okay, one must admit that at its relatively low price the Heart/Marantz CD-6000 is quite outstanding and that perhaps for the rather inexpensive (but modified) Sony SACD Player to match this performance on CD and to exceed it handsomely on SACD is quite an achievement. My problem was simply that in absolute terms the resulting sound was not very good. Switching to the modified Pioneer DV-747 and the same SACD recording showed clearly that the recording was not to blame. On this player (which I have been assured performs after the modifications notably better than Pioneers very expensive flagship universal

player) SACD clearly offered more music than the same piece on CD. I am very suspicious of dual layer SACDs, in a number of cases I felt that the CD layer on the hybrid Disk had been deliberately crippled to give the SACD layer more of a head start. Certainly the CD layers on the few hybrid SACDs I have my hands were uniformly atrocious. Way, way below par for high quality CD recordings. Anyway, SACD on the Pioneer clearly removed a certain veiling and graying out compared to CD via the Shanling, however I still feel that SACD as I have heard it so far does not really offer a material improvement over HDCD. This may change in the future. I have not been able to find my notes on exactly which two SACD Titles where used, sorry about that. Next up was DVD-Audio, namely the Buena Vista Social Club on CD and DVD-Audio (CD World Circuit WCD050). While sounding great, alive and involving on CD, the version on the Audio DVD was just about as much better as I remembered it from the comparison between CD and 24-bit/96kHz at my friends studio. At least with those Disks, both of which are musically and with respect to recording and mastering of very high standards, DVD Audio knocks the pants of CD. The Audio DVD was simply so much more involving, so much more alive and almost touchable (very much in the way I felt SACD was not) that I for one hope that Audio-DVD soon gets a large catalogue of recordings that deserve and require this kind of quality at prices that are broadly the same as those of CD and NOT sonically crippled by stupid copy protection schemes (fat chance of any of that happening). So, what is the conclusion of this little bout with the new kids in town? Until SACD gets a lot better than it is and until Audio-DVD gets a catalogue of recordings much larger than that available at present on SACD you are much better off laying out the long line of green stuff on a really good CD player. That is of course only if you want to listen to the music and mostly to that whole body of music currently not on SACD or Audio DVD. If you are more of an Audiophile who listens in 30-second snatches and is often heard saying, stop listening to the music, can you not hear how great this sounds and who must have the latest greatest hype, then neither the Shanling or any other CD player is for you. Then you need the most expensive SACD player out there and another most expensive DVD-Audio only player.

In Closing Your Honor.

As Linkin Park so aptly point out In the end it doesnt even matter. All my highly styled prose and all my audiophile ravings likely mean little to you. So let me sum it up quickly. If a CD-Player that gets the most out of your CD collection while looking somewhat less boring and uninspired than a simple black or silver box is on your shopping list, the Shanling should be high on your audition list. Even more, if you prefer a very direct, front-row sound for classical music and if you are mostly listen to acoustical music you could almost buy the Shanling unheard. What it will do sonically is at least in most areas more then good enough to require spending a huge lot of money on technology that will likely be obsolete in the next three to five years to get a little more in terms of sound quality. I personally quite like the looks, enough probably to get me one purely as transport and as alternative sonic view. Id should have tried to hang onto the
player for much longer, but it was needed at a large Scottish dealership, so I had to let it go, somewhat sadly. As to the Chinese origins of the unit, other than in the comparably low price of the unit they did not make themselves known at all, build quality is solid and workmanlike, certainly worthy of much higher price tags. If the Shanling CDT-100 misses the bar as super quality CD-Player it does so only by a small margin and even then only due to a certain lack of the ability to swing. As a last note, (more in the geek files), I feel that there are some areas where the electronic design in the player is perhaps a little too conservative and objectivist, nothing that the DIY Enthusiast or a professional modparlour might not address handsomely with a few inspired modifications. Till the next time, enjoy the music.
The Geek Files - Technology And Measurements
This is the section that tells you about all the technical details, in case you should care about them or want to know about them.
Putting on my technicians hat, the Shanling player is build in a folded, stainless steel shell with massive metal towers forming the corners. The Philips CDM-1201 Transport is used completely with sliding tray or other attachments, being instead suspended in a fairly large machined aluminum block, which also holds the mechanism of the lid. This has a build in mechanical clamp (so no messing about with pucks) and is manually operated. The feel of the operation of the lid is very good, closing with a smooth, satisfying solid clunk, like the doors on nice German cars. Most of the controls
(including indeed many essential ones) are only present on the remote control. Only the four main transport controls are available locally. So do not loose that remote. As can be seen in the overall picture of the players insides, most of the circuitry is placed on one large circuit board. The power supply for the tube buffer stage and the buffer stages (one in stereo for the line outputs, the other for the headphones) are on separate boards. Internal wiring for the signals appears to be copper/Teflon coaxial wire, the RCA jacks are of a type I have encountered a few times on Chinese gear and appear to gold plated over OFC copper. On the right-hand side is the power supply for the digital and solid-state analogue stages. As can be seen from the close-up shot of the power supply section, two separate power transformers supply a total of eleven separate regulated supplies (nine of which are heatsinked in the power supply area), high quality low impedance capacitors as well as Audio Grade Elna, Sanyo and Nichicon capacitors are used together with soft recovery rectifiers and commonly used 78XX/79XX type regulator chips. The third transformer supplies the tube stages heater voltage and high tension, both using solid-state rectification and passive filtering. The high-tension line uses a choke filter and further conventional RC decoupling. The choke and three mains transformers account for the four transformer covers on the top of the player, the transformers appear to be mixes of EI type and toroidal types.

The regulated supplies are separated in the supplies for the left and right channel DAC chips and the analogue stages. There is added filtering between rectifiers and the regulators for the DAC chips. The rest of the digital section is supplied from the other mains transformer and overall five different regulators feed the transport section (motors,
etc), the servo processor, the upsampler, the digital filter and the display, respectively. Many film type bypass capacitors are used and further LC decoupling is used between the regulated supplies and each individual IC pin. This kind of approach to power supply implementation makes sure to minimize the coupling of noise between circuit sections and is indeed very solid engineering. In the center of the board is the transport and servo circuitry, a pretty standard implementation of the Philips CD-7 Chipset. One of the less ideal (IMHO) details here is that the main clock for the CD operation is derived from the CD-7 Servo Processors onchip circuitry with a simple crystal. While pretty much standard, it is a little disappointing that the chance for possibly much improved performance (especially in those areas where I felt the Shanling CDT-100 was a little lacking) by fitting a better clock arrangement was not taken advantage of. The main clock in a player is one of those few areas where a few dollar investment can reap benefits of many hundred dollars in sonics. Anyway, after having been read and processed the data from the transport section is handed over to the upsampler and digital filter. I should perhaps add that the ability of the transport to read damaged disks is very good and that all CD and recordable CD Media are handled without problem. Depending upon the selection made via the remote the signal may be upsampled, more precisely it is converted asynchronously to a new sample rate 96kHz namely. This asynchronous sample rate conversion is a process that invariably introduces a number of processing artifacts, rounding errors et al and which does NOT provide any more information even though the output word length from the sample rate converter is 24-bit it contains only 16 bits worth of information, the rest is noise. The actual sample rate converter chip used in the CDT-100 is the one most commonly found, the Cirrus Logic/Crystal CS8420. The CS8420 also supplies the Digital output of the Player, meaning that if the upsampler is applied to the output of the Player it is applied to the digital output as well! The Clock generator for the 96kHz clock is the kind I should have liked to have seen supplying the clock for the 44.1kHz operation of the player. Just as an aside, the process of asynchronous sample rate conversion is not in any fundamental way different from classic oversampling, with the exception of the fact that oversampling uses linear fixed low rate ratios between input and output. Asynchronous sample rate conversion instead uses special algorithms that simulate oversampling with a very high oversampling rate (to around 3GHz) and then downsample the data again with a factor that is calculated to ensure that the output data follows the new clock applied to the chip as master. It should also be noted that this process simulates a VERY long filter (approximately 4 Million Filter Taps compared to the usual few 100 or even fewer taps in conventional oversampling filters the classic 16-bit 4 Times oversampling Filter from Philips has only got 120 Taps). All of this means that the upsampling process uses a very complex digital signal processing model with a very large number of calculations which is much more likely to result in errors than conventional simple oversampling. This, together with the fact that asynchronous sample rate conversion does NOT remove as such any jitter from the input

signal, it rather irremovably encodes it in the data stream may very well account for the fairly drastic changes to the subjectively perceived sound when asynchronous sample rate conversion is employed. I have recorded my personal classification (subjectively) of the sonic impact of using upsampling, I shall leave it to each listener themselves to make up their own minds. Upsampled or not, the digital signal is then applied to the Pacific Microsonic PDM200 Digital Filter and HDCD Decoder. This unit is the replacement for the earlier PDM100 and not only does it offer compatibility with 96KHz sample rate signals, it also has reputedly better filter algorithms (HDCD decoding and normal). Since Microsoft (yes, Mr. Gates company) took over Pacific Microsonic and the HDCD trade name a complete information blackout seems to have been applied, e-mailed requests for information do not get answered, the HDCD website has practically zip information on it and lists the PDM200 as discontinued (unlikely as both Arcam and Shanling, as well as several other companies use it in current production). Thus little can be said about the implementation. It appears that then PDM200 chip handles the digital volume control. Also, the required attenuation for non-HDCD CD's is implemented on the digital side, loosing around 6dB signal/noise ratio compared to the possible limit of -110dB for normal CD's. Again, the implementation could have possibly been slightly improved, especially with moving the non-HDCD attenuation into the analogue domain. Furthermore, it would have also been nice had Shanling chosen to re-time the digital signals after the digital filter. This could have been combined with necessary level translation form the 3.3V logic of the PDM200 to the 5V logic of the DACs and likely with good sonic rewards.
The DAC chips are four Burr-Brown PCM-1704, true 24-Bit multibit DACs, two each in parallel per channel. The PCM1704 are IMHO pretty much the best DAC chips remaining in current production. Elna Cerafine capacitors (by the looks) are used around the power supply lines of the DAC chips. The whole layout of this (as can be seen on the close-up Photo) is quite tight and neat, which should help the sound quality. The implementation, as well the analogue stage which is realized using mostly BurrBrown OPA-2604 Operational Amplifier Chips and GIC Filter circuits (again, the chips and analogue filter circuits have a reputation for good sound) and seems to be pretty much straight from Burr-Browns application notes, nothing wrong with that of course. Unfortunately the use of dual Op-Amp chips means that certain very high performance replacements are difficult to substitute (like the Burr Brown OPA627 which is only available as single unit), all the more a shame as the Op-Amp chips are conveniently socketed, which would make any replacement very simple and straightforward. As the Burr Brown OPA-2604s are however among the best readily available Dual OpAmps such a replacement is unlikely to give drastic improvements and the kind of OpAmps that have been giving reliably sonic improvements over the Burr Brown OPA604/2604 are only available as single units. I fitted for a quick test my favorite dual opamp chips in all three positions and found the sound notably changed, though not necessarily improved. I feel that a good chance to allow the easy customization has been given away. After the analogue stage the signal is either send to the solid state outputs or passed through the tube amp stage, this being a simple buffer circuit arranged around the 6N3P triode, this being equivalent to the well respected WE396A. I substituted some WEs from my shelf and found the sound a little more relaxed and moved towards a midhall perspective with the WEs, with equally a little more detail. The right-hand pair of tubes feed only the headphone output (unlikely to be of much use to most people), so there is little point in upgrading the tubes there, UNLESS you often use the headphone outputs. For the left-hand pair of tubes switching to the WE 396A (or other equivalent 2C51 et al tubes) gives a good and simple means of improving the sound from the tube amplifier output, but do not expect miracles. All in all the design and implementation of the Shanling CDT-100 player is done on a very high level of technology, quality and implementation, though a few tricks that could quite possibly have made the difference between a merely very good and an outstanding player seem to have unfortunately been missed out. For basic reference, the fundamental technology platform (DAC Chips, HDCD Digital Filter et al) implemented here is found in many upper high-end CD-Players or DACs (including Mark Levinson, Linn CD-12), however a few of those units perform on a somewhat higher achievement level than the Shanling CDT-100, no doubt due in part at least to the not missing a trick. Then again the Linn CD-12 for example costs 10 times as much as the Shanling and for that kind of money I would VERY MUCH expect a more than outstanding performance level.

There are no measurements for me to present, most CD-Players have measurements that are for my limited set of measurement gear beyond good or bad, the Shanling was no exception. Thus, a technical tour de force using the more or less best available parts and most of the best practice approaches in design is used in the Shanling CDT-100, combined to very good sound, all that at a very sensible price ($2,000 recommended retail price), highly recommended for audition. Lastly, I wish to thank Audio Extensions Hong Kong for their kind permission to use some of their excellent internal photo shots of the Shanling players insides for this review. Audio Extensions appear to have drawn many conclusions similar to mine on the areas of weaknesses in the player and appear to provide a modification service for this player in Hong Kong, sadly I do not read much Chinese so could not comment on much else.
Tonality Sub-bass (10 Hz - 60 Hz) Mid-bass (80 Hz - 200 Hz) Midrange (200 Hz - 3,000 Hz) High-frequencies (3,000 Hz on up) Attack Decay P.R.A.T (Pace, Rhythm, Acceleration, Timing) Inner Resolution Soundscape width front Soundscape width rear Soundscape depth behind speakers Soundscape extension into the room Imaging Fit and Finish Self Noise Value for the Money

Specifications

Output Impedance: not specified estimated below 300 Ohm RCA for tube amp and headphone, below 150 Ohm CD Audio Frequency Response: 20Hz to 20kHz Distortion: <0.002% (1kHz) Signal/Noise Ratio: 110dB (tube output 102db) Dynamic Range: 115dB Crosstalk: <100dB Output Level: 0~2.2V adjustable Tube Compliment: four 6N3P, standard Chinese (compatible with WE 396A & 2C51) Digital System: four 24 Bit Burr Brown PCM1704 DAC, PDM-200 96kHz HDCD Digital Filter, Crystal CS8420 upsampler for 96kHz upsampling Transport: Philips CDM-1201 with Philips CD7 II servo circuitry MSRP: from around $2,000 USD, 1,650 incl. VAT Weight: 12 kilograms Net Dimensions: 430 X 290 X 65 (LxWxH in mm)