A P P L I C A T I O N

N O T E
Eco Sustainability with the Alcatel-Lucent Service Router Portfolio

IPD Product Marketing

Abstract
Alcatel-Lucent is committed to contributing to an environmentally clean and healthy planet. We recognize the importance that an ecologically friendly communications industry has on the overall environment and the beneficial impact that our technology and products provide to help our customers meet their energy reduction goals. While many network equipment vendors have begun to advertise the importance of energy efficiency and carbon footprint reduction, environmental concerns are not a new focus at Alcatel-Lucent. Our heritage in ecological innovation can be traced back many years to early inventions and technology developed by Bell Labs. This innovative mindset and culture continues to drive our current thinking and technology development initiatives. This paper focuses on the Alcatel-Lucent Service Router (SR) portfolio and the energy efficient technology, design, and capabilities the portfolio delivers to support our customers energy reduction needs. The SR portfolio includes the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 Service Router (SR), Alcatel-Lucent 7710 Service Router (SR), and the Alcatel-Lucent 7450 Ethernet Service Switch (ESS).

Table of contents

5 Introduction Next generation networks and the environment Energy efficiency and the Alcatel-Lucent Service Router portfolio Alcatel-Lucent service router initiatives for power efficiency Innovative silicon design Continuous advancements in line card efficiency Integrated Service Adapter technology Dynamic powering Other benefits to an Alcatel-Lucent IP/MPLS based network Leveraging the unique R&D capabilities of Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent and climate change Conclusion Abbreviations

Introduction

The widespread adoption of modern Information and Communications Technology (ICT) services such as e-commerce, broadband internet, and converged multi-media communications provide large benefits to society and the way people live and work together. Yet today, the vast ICT industry contributes approximately 2% of total global carbon emissions and this number is expected to double by the year 20201. Consequently, a major initiative within the ICT community is to find new ways to reduce energy consumption and carbon footprint. In addition to improving the environment, energy efficiency has become a business imperative for service providers and enterprise customers who are striving to reduce power consumption in the face of rapidly increasing energy costs. End users of ICT services, including both business and residential customers, have also become conscious of the ecoimpact of service provider networks and are increasingly looking for assurance that the services they purchase are environmentally friendly. Next generation networks and the environment A recent ITU-T report on next generation networks (NGN) and climate change concluded that NGNs have significant potential to reduce the carbon footprint of the ICT sector and, just as importantly, to also reduce the carbon footprint of other industry sectors2. The report, which includes a definition of NGN networks, states that the potential to reduce carbon footprint can be measured on two levels. The first level measures the direct effects of the NGN architecture including enhanced network efficiencies, reduced power needs, minimized numbers of switching centers, and reduced energy consumption of data centers. The second level measures indirect savings from the use of NGN services which includes savings from services such as telecommuting, remote collaboration, e-commerce, e-learning, and many others. The Alcatel-Lucent Service Router (SR) portfolio is a leading family of multi-service IP routers providing the foundation for many NGN networks and services around the world. Through a rigorous environ mentally conscious design process, energy efficiency and environmental responsibility are built into our end-to-end platform design and realization processes. These include research and development programs, development and manufacturing processes, and life cycle management. As a result, the Alcatel-Lucent service router portfolio delivers some of the highest levels of energy efficiency in the market and can play a major role in helping service providers reduce their overall energy consumption and carbon footprint and provide eco-friendly assurances to their end customers.

Energy efficiency and the Alcatel-Lucent Service Router portfolio
The Alcatel-Lucent SR portfolio is a family of highly scalable and energy efficient platforms that are purpose-built for long-term sustainability and investment protection. The 7750 SR and 7450 ESS both scale to deliver up to 1 full Terabit of traffic in a single one-third-rack chassis. The 7710 SR is a full featured, smaller form factor, lower-power platform ideally suited for smaller Point of Presence (PoP) locations and industry and public sector solutions. The SR portfolio offers some of the highest router port density in its class. The flagship 7750SR platform, for example, offers an industry-leading 480 GigE or 80 10GigE ports per chassis. In a standard seven foot rack, this equates to 1,440 GigE or 240 10GigE ports. Combined with other innovative technology discussed in this paper, the SR platform offers energy efficiency as low as 9 Watts per Gigabit of traffic. With continual advancements to SR technology, energy efficiencies will improve to even greater levels in the future.
SMART 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age, The Climate Group, GeSI, 2008. www.smart2020.org ITU-T Technology Watch Briefing Report Series, No. 7 Next Generation Networks and Energy Efficiency, August, 2008
Eco Sustainability with the Alcatel-Lucent Service Router Portfolio | Application Note
Industry leading port densities are only one element of the SR energy efficiency story. Recognizing that there are many elements to a comprehensive solution, the Alcatel-Lucent SR portfolio embraces a broad, holistic development and engineering approach that encompasses all of the architectural and life-cycle dimensions that impact energy efficiency including: Physical size Power/electrical design Processor technology and silicon design Board level architectures Software architecture Mechanical and thermal design Cooling requirements System integration Product life-cycle In designing the SR Portfolio, Alcatel-Lucents R&D and engineering experts work continuously to innovate, optimize, and fine-tune the platform architecture around each of these dimensions to maximize overall power efficiency while minimizing physical size and cooling needs. Leading edge R&D and technology innovation initiatives are key reasons why the SR portfolio handles greater traffic volumes in a smaller physical footprint while consuming less power per Gigabit than competitive products.
Alcatel-Lucent service router initiatives for power efficiency

Some of the key initiatives Alcatel-Lucent has undertaken to achieve high energy efficiency include innovative silicon design, continuous advancements in line card efficiency, Integrated Service Adapter (ISA) technology and dynamic powering. Innovative silicon design At the heart of the 7750 SR and 7450 ESS is our innovative and highly energy-efficient 100 Gigabit FP2 silicon, the industrys first fullyprogrammable, 100 Gigabit network processor. The FP2 is just 90 nanometers in size, processes at a rate of 95 billion instructions per second, and delivers a new level of silicon power efficiency of just 0.6 Watts per Gigabit; far less than silicon solutions recently introduced by other vendors which have a power consumption as high as 8 Watts per Gigabit. Continuous advancements in line card efficiency Input-output modules (IOMs) account for the majority of the power consumption budget on a 7750 SR or 7450 ESS platform. This is because there are multiple IOMs in a system and each one requires a high degree of processing power in order to forward traffic at very high rates. For these reasons, Alcatel-Lucent constantly focuses on improving IOM performance and efficiency. Our most recent advancement, the IOM3-XP introduced in March 2008, is the industrys first 50 Gigabit (full duplex) IOM and delivers a power efficiency of 5.5 Watts per Gigabit while operating at full line rate. When configured with 2 Media Dependent Adapters (MDAs), the average power efficiency is approximately 7.5 Watts per Gigabit. Figure 1 illustrates the continuous energy efficiency gains of the 7750 SR IOM technology over time. As can be seen, energy efficiency has improved by over 60% while IOM capacity has increased 500%.
Figure 1. Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR IOM cards: Power efficiency over time
IOM power and bandwidth efciency Watts per Gigabit Bandwidth (Gigabits) 0 IOM capacity

IOM-10G

IOM3-XP
In financial terms, the power efficiency of the IOM3-XP/MDA translates directly into significant OPEX savings. In a recent comparison of a network based on Alcatel-Lucents 7750 SR-7 versus another vendors equivalent-size platform, the Alcatel-Lucent solution required 36% less power. In a mid to large size network, this can translate into energy cost savings of hundreds of thousands of dollars per year. In addition to significant OPEX savings, these energy savings also translate into reduced carbon emissions and direct savings to the environment.

Integrated Service Adapter technology Integrated Service Adapters (ISAs) enable Alcatel-Lucent to consolidate the functionality of separate single-function appliances directly into the service router thereby eliminating the need for separate devices. The multi-function service capabilities of the ISA allow customers to deliver advanced, value-added services while significantly reducing rack space, power, heat, cooling requirements, and infrastructure cost. As an example, in triple play service delivery applications, ISA integration can yield power efficiency improvements as high as 70% over a solution using stand-alone network appliances. Supported ISA services include deep packet inspection (DPI), IP Security (IPSec), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server, and Video Retransmission with Fast Channel Change. Dynamic powering Recognizing that traffic load and power needs are constantly changing, Alcatel-Lucent has also taken strides in the area of dynamic powering. Using intelligent dynamic powering methods, AlcatelLucents SR designs are tuned to operate in core voltages, fan rpms, and operating frequencies that are no higher than necessary to achieve desired functionality and performance. In some cases this performance is individually tuned on the factory floor prior to customer shipment. In other cases, performance is dynamically tuned during operation. Many designs have a closed control loop to accept environmental feedback and adjust operating points to just exceed, with some margin, the required performance. For example, system cooling fans which can consume a significant amount of power are continuously controlled to rotate no faster than what the ambient temperature and system thermal load requires. This is in contrast to systems with only two set fan speeds, high and low.
Other benefits to an Alcatel-Lucent IP/MPLS based network
In addition to the energy efficiency technology and benefits outlined above, there are several other significant ecological advantages to the Alcatel-Lucent SR platforms. Perhaps the most significant advantage is that the Alcatel-Lucents SR platforms have proven to be the only truly extensible service router platforms in the industry. While other vendors rely on introducing entirely new platforms to evolve their solutions, Alcatel-Lucents SR platforms evolve in place to ensure years of continued service, reduced capital and operating expenses, and continuous support for new leading-edge technology and services. For example, the recent release of our next generation service router hardware modules enabled our existing platforms to double their capacity and evolve in-place to deliver up to one full terabit of throughput. The transformation to terabit capacity only requires the simple addition of new modules, not wholesale replacement of equipment. This unique approach provides years of investment preservation and extended platform operation while delivering environmental benefits of less landfill, better energy efficiency, and reduced space and maintenance requirements. Other key SR ecological benefits are the portfolios high availability features including support for Non-stop Routing and Non-stop Service. These Alcatel-Lucent high availability features enable extremely high levels of network and service resiliency which reduces the need for expensive equipment redundancy and minimizes the number of platforms required in the network.

Leveraging the unique R&D capabilities of Bell Labs
As noted previously, eco-innovation is not new to Alcatel-Lucent. What has changed is the heightened level of global environmental awareness and the ICT sectors ability and desire to improve the current situation. To help ensure a long-term sustainable environment, Alcatel-Lucent continues to invest in and leverage the unique capabilities of our Bell Laboratories to tackle the global eco-challenge across many fronts. For example, we are exploring novel methods of reducing energy through network topology optimization, next generation high efficiency amplifiers, intelligent sensor/presence based networks, and dynamic powering schemes that move us from an always on network to an always available one. In addition, with thermal management being a significant slice of the ICT power budget, Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs are conducting research to identify new techniques to improve thermal management performance while reducing the energy required to cool our equipment. We are also developing innovative materials and components including thermal interface materials to conduct heat, vapor chambers to spread heat, and heat sinks to dissipate heat into the air stream. With the aid of these advanced thermal tools and research, it will be possible to construct a new generation of cabinets to house equipment to deliver high performance functionality while reducing the energy required to cool these same systems.
Alcatel-Lucent and climate change
Alcatel-Lucent is defined by innovation and is committed to eco-sustainability with a particular focus on climate change. We are a signatory of the United Nations Global Compact Caring for Climate, a voluntary and complementary action platform for UN Global Compact participants seeking to demonstrate leadership on the climate change issue. A few examples of eco-sustainable solutions that Alcatel-Lucent has provided for customers include the following: We have made great strides in reducing broadband equipment power consumption. State-of-theart advancements have yielded significant power consumption reductions of 23% in our most recent Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) products. Our packet optical transport platform uses 65% less power per transported bit than traditional platforms.
4 Eco Sustainability with the Alcatel-Lucent Service Router Portfolio | Application Note
Our Distributed Base Station reduces power consumption by up to 50%. Our latest coverage features decrease the number of radio sites necessary to run mobile networks by 40%. We have deployed our 200th solar powered radio site. In March 2008, Network World recognized Alcatel-Lucents OmniSwitch 6850 as the most energy efficient device in the market when operating in idle mode. In lab tests run by the magazine publisher, the editors reported that there was a 300% difference between the most efficient and least efficient enterprise switches in the market. Alcatel-Lucent recently announced a new smart metering solution targeted at the utility market to help reduce the load on utility providers power networks. This solution also allows providers to quickly react to changes in consumption to match resources with needed power.

Conclusion

As a key component of our business plan, Alcatel-Lucent has developed corporate strategies and practices to reduce the environmental impact of our products and operations. We continuously invest in and leverage our research and innovation teams to develop and implement groundbreaking, environmentally friendly, energy-efficient technologies across our entire portfolio of products. As a leading global telecommunications player, we engage actively with our key stakeholders, including customers and suppliers, to address eco-sustainability and climate change issues throughout the entire supply chain. With a strong legacy of environmental responsibility, Alcatel-Lucent continues to recognize and focus on the importance that an eco-sustainable communication industry has on the environment. We continuously deliver new, innovative, energy efficient technologies, products, and solutions. The Alcatel-Lucent Service Router portfolio not only leads the industry in terms of reliability and performance but also helps solve the critical energy efficiency and environmental needs of our global customers. With a network built on the Alcatel-Lucent SR portfolio, service providers can extend a confident message to their business and residential customers; the message that the services they are purchasing are delivered over a network with the highest available levels of eco-efficiency and eco-friendliness. The Alcatel-Lucent Service Router portfolio supporting the cause for a long term, sustainable environment. For more information on how Alcatel-Lucent can help meet all of your communication needs, visit us at www.alcatel-lucent.com.

Abbreviations

DHCP DPI ICT IOMs IPSec ISA MDA NGN PoP SR VDSL Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Deep Packet Inspection Information and Communications Technology Input-output modules IP Security Integrated Service Adapter Media Dependent Adapter Next Generation Networks Point of Presence Service Router Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line

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Alcatel, Lucent, Alcatel-Lucent and the Alcatel-Lucent logo are trademarks of Alcatel-Lucent. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The information presented is subject to change without notice. Alcatel-Lucent assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies contained herein. Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. CAR4688081121 (01)