QuickTime 7.2 Users Guide
Includes instructions for using QuickTime Pro
For Mac OS X version 10.3.9 or later, and Windows XP
K Apple Inc. 2007 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Use of the keyboard Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for printing or clerical errors. Apple 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014-2084 408-996-1010 www.apple.com
Apple, the Apple logo, AppleScript, Final Cut Pro, FireWire, iMovie, iPod, iTunes, Mac, Mac OS, Macintosh, QuickDraw, and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Finder and Tiger are trademarks of Apple Inc. Apple Store is a service mark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.Mac is a service mark of Apple Inc. Intel, Intel Core, and Xeon are trademarks of Intel Corp. in the U.S. and other countries. PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom. Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories. Dolby, Pro Logic, and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. Confidential UnPublished Works, 19921997 Dolby Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. 019-0974/2007-06-11

Contents

Preface
Welcome to QuickTime What Is QuickTime? What Is QuickTime Pro? Whats New in QuickTime 7? New in QuickTime Player New in QuickTime Pro System Requirements Types of Files QuickTime Supports Checking for New Versions of QuickTime Using Onscreen Help Where to Go for Additional Information Using QuickTime Player Opening and Playing Files Opening and Playing Movies in QuickTime Player Opening and Playing Files in a Web Browser Viewing QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR) Movies Viewing Still Images Playing MIDI Files Opening Recently Used Files Finding Movies Quickly Using QuickTime Favorites Playing Copy-Protected Movies Viewing Information About a File Controlling Playback Adjusting Audio and Video Settings Changing Playback Preferences Viewing Movies at Full Screen Changing Movie Size for Playback Looping a Movie Simultaneously Playing Multiple Movies Using Frame Number and Time Codes Navigating a Movie by Frame Number or Time Code Finding Text in a Text Track

Chapter 1

Chapter 41 41
Preventing Users from Changing QuickTime Settings Viewing Movies that have Flash Content Getting Started with QuickTime Pro Getting QuickTime Pro Using Advanced Playback Options Playing a Movie on a Second Display Presenting a Movie as a Slideshow Changing the Color Around a Movie Loading Movies into RAM for Better Playback Creating Movies and Other Media Recording Video and Audio About Saving Movies Saving Movies from the Internet Creating a Slideshow or Animation from Still Images Creating a Still Image from a Movie Converting Files into QuickTime Movies Sharing Movies by Email or the Web Editing and Authoring with QuickTime Pro Simple Editing Selecting and Playing Part of a Movie Cutting, Copying, or Deleting a Section of a Movie Combining Two QuickTime Movies into One Working with Tracks Turning Tracks On or Off Extracting, Adding, and Moving Tracks Working with Audio Tracks Presenting Multiple Movies in the Same Window Pasting Graphics and Text into a Movie Working with Text Tracks Specifying Languages for Individual Tracks Changing Movie Properties Adding Annotations to a Movie Resizing, Flipping, or Rotating a Movie Changing a Movies Shape with a Video Mask Changing a Tracks Transparency Creating a Chapter List for a Movie Setting a Movies Poster Frame Saving a Movie with Specific Playback Settings Changing the Movie Controller Type

Preface Welcome to QuickTime

New in QuickTime Pro

QuickTime 7 Pro users enjoy not only all the great features in QuickTime Player, but also the following new QuickTime Pro capabilities: Floating controls. Full-screen mode now provides floating DVD-like controls for easy access to functions like pause, play, fast-forward, and rewind. Move your mouse and the full-screen controller appears on the screen for several seconds. Create H.264 video. Use this codec for all your video encoding needs. Create content ranging in size from HD (high definition) to 3G (for mobile devices), and everything in between. Create surround audio. Create a rich multimedia experience for your customers by adding multi-channel audio to your movie. If some of your customers dont have surround speakers, dont worry; QuickTime automatically mixes the audio to work with the speaker setup of each user. Improved movie authoring. Editing tasks are much easier with new hot keys for in and out points. In addition, the Movie Properties interface has been completely redesigned to facilitate simple and efficient movie authoring. New AAC constant-quality mode. Create AAC audio files optimized for constant quality rather than a constant bit rate for a consistently high-quality listening experience. 3G streaming. Create 3G files for RTSP streaming that are fully interoperable with other 3G streaming handsets and delivery architectures. Conform to Aperture. View a movies aperture mode, and choose to have the movie conform to new aperture settings, including pixel shape. Deinterlace source video. When exporting with the Movie to QuickTime Movie option, you can now deinterlace the video by setting an option in Export Size settings. Export to Apple TV and iPod. New presets allow you to easily export your movies in formats optimized for use with Apple TV and iPod. Concurrent exports. Export multiple files simultaneouslyand continue with your next playback or editing task. New for Mac OS X In addition to the capabilities above, QuickTime Pro for Mac OS X provides these capabilities: Video recording. With a digital video camera connected to your Mac, you can quickly create video postcards to share with family and friends. Movie sharing. Easily create a movie file for sending via email or posting to a website.
Automator integration. With Mac OS X v10.4 Tiger or later, employ the easy-to-use interface of Automator for streamlining your QuickTime workflow. QuickTime 7 Pro users have exclusive access to a set of QuickTime-based Automator actions for easily automating such tasks as starting and stopping captures, hinting movies, enabling tracks, and more. With Automator and QuickTime 7 Pro, you can also create your own personal set of QuickTime-based Automator actions.

System Requirements

For Mac OS computers: A 400 MHz or faster G3 PowerPCbased or Intel-based Macintosh computer At least 128 MB of RAM Mac OS X version 10.3.9 or later For Windows computers: A Pentium processorbased PC or compatible computer At least 128 MB of RAM Windows XP Service Pack 2

Opening Recently Used Files
You can easily open recently used files. To open recently used files: m Choose File > Open Recent > [option] To change the number of items that appear in the Open Recent submenu (in Mac OS X), choose QuickTime Player > Preferences, click General, and choose an option from the Number of Recent Items pop-up menu. In Windows, choose Edit > Preferences > Player Preferences.
Finding Movies Quickly Using QuickTime Favorites
You can easily find and open movies by putting pointers to them in your QuickTime Favorites window. To view your list of favorites, choose Window > Favorites > Show Favorites. To add a movie to the Favorites list: 1 Open the movie in QuickTime Player. 2 Choose Window > Favorites > Add Movie As Favorite. You can also drag a file to the Favorites list window. To rearrange movies in the list, drag them. To delete an item from the list, drag the item to the Trash or select the item and press the Delete key. (In Windows, drag the item to the Recycle Bin or select the item and press the Backspace key.) Deleting an item from the Favorites list does not delete the file from your hard disk (or wherever the file is saved).
Playing Copy-Protected Movies
QuickTime movies can be encrypted so that only authorized viewers can watch them. Such movies are known as secured media files. To use such a file, you must enter a media key, which is usually available from the media file provider. To enter a media key (in Mac OS X): 1 Open System Preferences, click QuickTime, and click Advanced. 2 Click Media Keys. 3 Click the Add button and then enter the key provided by the author or vendor. To enter a media key (in Windows): 1 Choose Edit > Preferences > QuickTime Preferences. 2 Click Advanced. 3 Click Media Keys. 4 Click Add and then enter the key provided by the author or vendor.
Viewing Information About a File
QuickTime Player can display information about a QuickTime file, such as its compression format, size, and frame rate while playing. To view information about a file: 1 Open the file. 2 Choose Window > Show Movie Info. With QuickTime Pro, you can see additional information about a movie by choosing Window > Show Movie Properties. For more information about movie properties, see Changing Movie Properties on page 38.

Controlling Playback

You can change playback options such as balance, playback speed, the size at which a movie plays, and whether the QuickTime Player window shows. You can also optimize movies for playback on certain computers.
Adjusting Audio and Video Settings
For any QuickTime movie with an audio track, you can adjust the right/left balance, as well as the volume, bass, and treble levels. For any movie, you can also set playback options such as speed and playback rate (the jog shuttle). To set audio and video controls: 1 Choose Window > Show A/V Controls. 2 Drag a slider to adjust the setting. Other playback options (for playing several movies at once or for playing a movie while using another application, for example) are available in QuickTime Player Preferences. To open QuickTime Player Preferences (in Mac OS X), choose QuickTime Player > Preferences. In Windows, choose Edit > Preferences > Player Preferences. For more information, see Changing Playback Preferences.

Chapter 2 Getting Started with QuickTime Pro
Loading Movies into RAM for Better Playback
QuickTime has two memory (RAM) options you can use to improve playback performance. Preload puts the entire movie into memory before it is played; Cache keeps movie data in memory after it has played. This option is useful for small files you want to loop. With QuickTime Pro, you can adjust memory options for a QuickTime movie track. To adjust memory options for a track: 1 Choose Window > Show Movie Properties. 2 Select the track you want to adjust and click Other Settings. 3 To put the track into memory, select Preload this track. 4 To keep track data in memory, select Cache. Use these options only with tracks that contain very small amounts of data; too much data in memory may cause poor performance, system errors, or unpredictable results.
Creating Movies and Other Media
With QuickTime Pro, you can create movies in various ways.
Recording Video and Audio
With a video camera and a Macintosh computer you can use QuickTime Pro to record a movie. QuickTime Pro can capture video from most FireWire-equipped sources, including the Apple iSight, DV cameras, and some webcams. With a Macintosh or Windows computer, you can also record audio using a built-in or external microphone. To record audio or video with QuickTime Pro: 1 Connect the camera or microphone to the computer (unless you are using a built-in microphone). 2 In QuickTime Pro, choose File > New Movie Recording (or File > New Audio Recording). A preview window appears, which you can use to adjust settings such as camera position, lighting, and audio level before you start recording. 3 To start recording, click the Record button at the bottom of the window. 4 To stop recording, click the button again. The movie you just recorded appears in a QuickTime movie window. By default, the movie is saved on the desktop, but you can choose a different default location in the Recording pane of QuickTime Player Preferences. To see where the movie has been saved, Command-click the icon at the top of the window.
Setting Recording Options When you first use QuickTime Pro to record video or audio, settings are automatically chosen for you. If you want, you can change settings such as which recording device and format to use, and where recorded movies are stored. To change recording options: 1 Choose QuickTime Player > Preferences. 2 Click Recording (or Audio Recording in Windows). 3 Choose the desired options for your video source, microphone, and quality, and then choose a default location to store recorded files.

About Saving Movies

With QuickTime Pro, you can create and edit movies, and then save them. When you choose File > Save As, you can save the movie as one of the following: A self-contained movie includes all the data (video, audio, and so on) you used to create the movie within a single file. A reference movie contains pointers to other movies (or parts of movies) stored elsewhere, such as in different folders on your hard disk or even on a web server. Pointers to other movies are created when, for example, you copy and paste part of a movie from one movie into another. If you are concerned about free space on your hard disk and can be sure your source movies wont change location, you can save your movie as a reference movie; the media you copy and paste is stored as a space-saving pointer to that media, rather than being stored entirely inside your new movie file. When you play a reference movie, QuickTime follows the pointers to access and play the other movies (or parts of movies). To determine whether a movie contains pointers to other data, choose Window > Show Movie Properties, select the movie at the top of the window, and click Resources. If the file containing the movie does not appear in the list, then the movie has pointers and is not self-contained. In Mac OS X, you can Command-click the icon to see the name and location of the file that contains the movie. The term reference movie is also used for the files you can create to intelligently deliver different-sized streams to different users depending on their connection speeds. For more information, see Creating Reference Movies to Optimize Web Playback on page 48.

Creating a Still Image from a Movie
With QuickTime Pro, you can export a single frame from a movie as an image file. To save a still image from a movie: 1 Move the playhead to the frame you want to export. 2 Choose File > Export. 3 Choose Movie to Picture from the Export pop-up menu. 4 Click Options and choose a format from the Compression type pop-up menu. To export every frame from the movie as a series of images, choose Movie to Image Sequence. Exporting every frame can generate a very large number of files; you may want to export to a folder rather than to the desktop.
Converting Files into QuickTime Movies
If you have QuickTime Pro, you can use QuickTime Player to convert many types of video, audio, graphics, and animation files (including Flash files) into QuickTime movies. To convert a file into a QuickTime movie, open it in QuickTime Player and then choose File > Save.
Sharing Movies by Email or the Web
With QuickTime Pro and Mac OS X its easy to create movies that are just right for sharing with others by email or on your.Mac HomePage. Simply select how you want to share your movie, and QuickTime Pro automatically creates a file suitable for that delivery method. (To use the Share feature to put your movie on the web, you need a.Mac account.) To share a movie: 1 Choose File > Share. 2 Click Email or HomePage. 3 Choose a name and size for the movie. 4 If you are going to publish your movie on the web, you can type a name for the movie (the name you type will appear on the webpage). 5 Click Share. While the movie is being exported, you can click the x to cancel the export if necessary. If you click Email, a new message window opens in Mail, with your movie attached. If you click HomePage, your browser opens to the specified webpage, with the movie embedded. Send the URL to friends so that they can view the movie.
Editing and Authoring with QuickTime Pro
Learn how to use QuickTime Pro to edit movies, manipulate movie tracks, and much more. Simple Editing
With QuickTime Pro, you can perform movie-editing tasks.
Selecting and Playing Part of a Movie
To perform editing functions such as Copy and Delete, in most cases you need to first select the desired portion of a movie. (If you dont select anything, the edit commands work on the current frame.) To select a portion of a movie, move the In and Out selection markers. The darkened area between the two markers indicates the selected portion. To fine-tune the selection, select a marker and move it with the arrow keys. You can also move the playhead and press I (for In) or O (for Out) to set the start or end point of the selection, even while the movie is playing.
The playhead Tip: To move the In or Out marker to a different position, drag the playhead to the desired position (or use the arrow keys), then press I or O.

In and Out markers, showing the selected portion of the movie
To play the selection, choose View > Play Selection Only (so that the checkmark appears), then click Play. To play the whole movie, choose View > Play Selection again (to remove the checkmark). With QuickTime Pro, you can save the movie (choose File > Save) so that the next time it is opened, only the part you selected plays.
Note: By default, the selection markers hide when nothing is selected, making it easy to determine whether or not a frame is selected. To turn off this option so that the selection markers appear even when nothing is selected, change the Hide selection indicators for empty selection option in QuickTime Player preferences.
Cutting, Copying, or Deleting a Section of a Movie
Selecting and moving, copying, or deleting (trimming) part of a movie is easy in QuickTime Pro. To cut, copy, or delete part of a movie: 1 Move the playhead until the desired frame appears, or select the part of the movie you want to modify (use the In and Out selection markers and the arrow keys). 2 Choose Edit > Copy, Cut, or Delete. If you choose Copy or Cut, you can paste the selection elsewhere. 3 Position the playhead where you want to paste the selection and choose Edit > Paste. QuickTime Pro inserts the selection you pasted at the position of the playhead. You can also delete all parts of a movie that are not selected by choosing Edit > Trim to Selection. Note: After you delete parts of a movie, the file size stays the same until you choose File > Save As and select Save as a self-contained movie.
Combining Two QuickTime Movies into One
With QuickTime Pro, you can easily add one movie to another to make one longer movie. To combine two movies: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose Edit > Select All to select the entire contents of the first movie. 2 Choose Edit > Copy, then open the second movie. 3 Move the playhead to the point at which you want to insert the movie (usually the very beginning or end of the original movie), and choose Edit > Paste. 4 Choose File > Save As to name and save the new movie.
Chapter 3 Editing and Authoring with QuickTime Pro

Working with Tracks

A QuickTime movie is made up of one or more tracks. Each track stores a particular kind of data. For example, a QuickTime movie could have a video track, music tracks, and sound effects tracks. With QuickTime Pro, you can edit tracks individually. You can move tracks from one movie to another, turn a track on or off, delete tracks, or modify the information contained in a track.
Audio narration Video 1 Video 2 Audio sound effects Text title Text credits

Turning Tracks On or Off

With QuickTime Pro, you can choose one or more tracks to enable or disable. For example, you might want to turn off tracks to simplify editing, or to hide a track in a final movie. When you export a movie, only enabled tracks are exported. To turn movie tracks on or off: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose Window > Show Movie Properties. The movies tracks appear in the list at the top of the Properties window. 2 Use the Enable checkboxes to turn tracks on (selected) or off (deselected). To delete a track, drag it to the Trash, or select it and click Delete,.You can also choose Edit > Cut, or press the Delete key. Note: For audio tracks, other options are available by clicking Audio Settings. To play only the audio in the selected track, select Solo. To play the movie without audio, select Mute.
Extracting, Adding, and Moving Tracks
With QuickTime Pro, you can create a new movie from one or more tracks of an existing movie, while leaving the original movie file intact. For example, you could create a movie that uses only the audio from an existing movie. To do so, you extract the desired tracks. You can also add the extracted track to an existing movie.
To extract a track (and add it to another movie): 1 Choose Window > Show Movie Properties. 2 Select the desired track or tracks and click Extract. You can select more than one track by holding down the Shift key when you click. QuickTime creates a new movie containing the extracted tracks. 3 To add the extracted track to another movie, select the movie (or the portion of it you want your pasted media to fit into) and choose Edit > Add to Movie. When you add a track to a movie, the tracks duration is unaltered. For example, if you add a 10-second sound track to a 1-minute movie, the sound track plays for 10 seconds, starting at the position in the movie where you added the track. To scale a track so that it stretches or compresses to a particular length, drag the In and Out markers of the target movie to select the duration you want the new track to cover and then choose Edit > Add to Selection and Scale in step 3. Scaling audio may change the speed of the audio (although the pitch remains the same when you play the movie in QuickTime Player). You could add video to sound instead, and speed up or slow down the video to match the audio. You might have better results if you compare the timelines of the two tracks and cut from one or the other until they have the same duration.

Working with Audio Tracks
QuickTime audio includes music tracks, which contain MIDI or other data, and sound tracks, which contain digitized audio. Adding an Audio Track to a QuickTime Movie You can easily add audio and other tracks to a QuickTime movie. To add an audio track to a movie: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose File > Open File and select the audio file you want to import. 2 In the QuickTime Player window that opens, choose Edit > Select All to select the entire audio file, then choose Edit > Copy. 3 Open the movie to which you want to add the audio. 4 To add the audio to the whole movie, choose Edit > Add. To add the audio to a part of the movie, select a part and choose Edit > Add to Selection and Scale. Add to Selection and Scale slows down or speeds up the audio track to fit the length of the selected part of the movie; the pitch remains the same (when you play the movie in QuickTime Player). You could add video to sound instead, and speed up or slow down the video to match the audio. You might have better results if you compare the timelines of the two tracks and cut from one or the other until they have the same duration.
Note: If your audio and video are created by the same device, such as a DV camera, and are created at the same time, the audio and video will be synchronized. Changing Sound Track Volume Levels and Other Audio Settings With QuickTime Pro, you can change the volume and balance of audio and music tracks. For example, if a movie has more than one audio track, you can adjust the volume of the tracks relative to one another. You can also change the bass and treble levels. To change settings for an audio track: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose Window > Show Movie Properties. 2 In the Properties window, select the audio track and click Audio Settings. 3 Drag the sliders to adjust the settings. 4 Use the pop-up menu to the right of each audio channel to specify where the channels sound should be directed. To direct a channel's sound to the subwoofer, choose LFE Screen. To specify a particular output for the audio device, choose one of the Discrete options. To silence a channel, choose Unused. 5 To turn off the audio (without having to delete the track), select Mute. To play only the selected audio track, select Solo. 6 To save the balance and channel settings with your movie, choose File > Save or Save As.

Overlaying a Movie with Text With QuickTime Pro, you can use QuickTime Player to overlay (superimpose) text on a specific part of an existing movie. To overlay text: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose File > Open File and then select the text file. 2 Choose Edit > Select All and then choose Edit > Copy. (In Windows, click Options, select the Keyed Text checkbox, and copy the track). 3 Select the part of the movie on which you want to overlay the text. 4 Choose Edit > Add to Selection and Scale. 5 Save as a self-contained movie. The text appears throughout the part of the movie you selected. For information about adjusting how long each line of text displays, see Setting the Frame Duration of a Text Track on page 36. Specifying Font Styles for Text Tracks With QuickTime Pro you can change the font attributes of a text track already in a movie. To do so, you export the track, make changes, then reimport the track. To change font styles for the text track: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose File > Export. 2 Choose Text to Text from the Export pop-up menu. 3 Click Options and select Show Text, Descriptors, and Time. 4 Use a text editor to alter the values after the {QTtext} tag. 5 Import the text track back into your movie. In Windows, click Convert. To import the text with the default settings, click Save. To select different settings (such as font attributes), click Options. You can also insert tags throughout the text to change values while the movie plays. Setting the Frame Duration of a Text Track With QuickTime Pro, you can set the duration of each frame in an existing text track to a value other than 2 seconds. To do so, you export the track, make changes, then reimport the track. To change the current text frame information: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose File > Export and choose Text to Text from the Export pop-up menu. 2 Click Options and select Show Text, Descriptors, and Time. 3 Edit the information in the text file and then import the track back into the movie.
The duration for each line of text in the text file appears on a separate line before the line of text. The time you type is the length of time after the movie has started at which this line of text will appear. Timestamps are specified as hours:minutes:seconds:fractions of a second (the default Text to Text export setting is 1/600th of a second). For example, if you enter the time 00:02:11:00, the text on the following line appears at 2 minutes and 11 seconds into the movie. For information about the other text track descriptors, see the developer section of the QuickTime website at www.apple.com/quicktime/.
Specifying Languages for Individual Tracks
With QuickTime Pro, you can create a movie with support for multiple languages by specifying a language for an individual track. For example, you can create a movie that contains a separate audio track for each language. QuickTime automatically plays the correct track, based on the language setting of the users computer. To specify languages: 1 Create or assemble the alternate tracks. Record voiceovers in each desired language or create text tracks to use as subtitles. Save each alternate track as a self-contained movie, and put all the alternates together in a single folder. 2 Put a copy of your original movie, self-contained and minus any tracks that are now stored as alternates, in the folder with the alternates. 3 Open the movie and choose Window > Show Movie Properties. 4 In the Properties window, select a sound or text track and click Other Settings. 5 Choose the language of this track from the Language pop-up menu. 6 Choose a track to use when a different language is selected from the Alternate pop-up menu. 7 Save as a self-contained movie (choose Edit > Save As and make sure Make movie selfcontained is selected). 8 Repeat these steps for additional language tracks; each time, choose the previously selected language from the Alternate pop-up menu.

Creating a Chapter List for a Movie
With QuickTime Pro, you can create a pop-up chapter list to navigate to specific points in a movie. First you create a list of topics (or entry points), and then you import the list into the movie as a text track. When you play the movie in QuickTime Player, the current chapter displays in the movie controller. (See Opening and Playing Movies in QuickTime Player on page 11.) To create a chapter list: 1 In a text editor or word processor, type your list of chapters and save the document as plain text. Make each item very short (preferably one word but no more than two or three words) and separate each item with a return character. 2 In QuickTime Player, choose File > Open File, select the text file, and click Open.
3 Choose File > Export. In the Export pop-up menu, choose Text to Text. In the Use pop-up menu, choose Text with Descriptors. 4 Click Options. In the Text Export Settings dialog, select Show Text, Descriptors, and Time; select Show time relative to start of Movie; and set fractions of seconds to 1/30 (the default is 1/1000). 5 Click OK, then click Save to create a text file with descriptors. 6 Open the exported list in your text editor or word processor, and open the target movie in QuickTime Player. 7 Choose Window > Show Movie Info. 8 In QuickTime Player, drag the playhead on the timeline to find the first point in the movie where you want to begin a new chapter. Use the Right and Left Arrow keys to step forward or backward a frame at a time as needed. Note the current time in the Properties window. 9 In the text file, find the first chapter title and change the timestamp just before that chapter title to the time you noted in the Properties window. The timestamp might now read, for example, [00:01:30.15], meaning that selecting the first chapter title will jump the viewer 1 minute, 30 seconds, and 15 frames into the movie. 10 Repeat steps 9 through 11 until youve identified all the places in the movie that correspond to the chapter divisions and youve entered the proper timestamps in the text file. 11 Change the last timestamp (the one after the last chapter title in the text file) to match the duration of the movie. 12 Save the text file and import it into QuickTime Player. QuickTime creates a new movie with just a text track. 13 Choose Edit > Select All, choose Edit > Copy, and close the movie. 14 Click in the main movie, choose Edit > Select All, and then choose Edit > Add to Movie. QuickTime adds the text track to the movie. 15 Choose Window > Show Movie Properties. 16 In the Properties window, select the video or audio track you want to associate with the chapter track, and click Other Settings. 17 Choose the main video or audio track from the Chapters pop-up menu. If you have a movie with alternate subtitle or sound tracks, you can create multiple chapter lists in different languages and set the appropriate subtitle or sound track as the owner of each chapter list. The chapter list will change to match the selected language.

Movies with higher frame rates show motion better but have larger file sizes. If you choose a frame rate thats lower than the movies current frame rate, frames will be deleted. If you choose a number thats higher than the movies current frame rate, existing frames will be duplicated (not recommended, since it increases file size without improving quality). When choosing a frame rate, use a simple fraction of your current frame rate, such as 1/2, 1/3, and so on. For example, if your current frame rate is 30 (29.97), use 15 or 10. Other options: Some compressors or codecs offer options specific to the codec. After you select a compressor (codec), any special options appear.
Adding Special Effects and Filters to a QuickTime Movie
With QuickTime Pro, you can add special effects such as blur, emboss, and film noise to a movie before you export it. You add special effects by using filters. To set a filter for a movie: 1 In QuickTime Player, choose File > Export. 2 Choose Movie to QuickTime Movie from the Export pop-up menu. 3 Click Options, click Filter, and select the filter and settings you want to use. The selected filter is applied to the entire movie.
Changing Image (Frame) Size
With QuickTime Pro, you can change the size of a movies video frame. For example, if your movie will be viewed on a small screen (such as a mobile device), you can change the movies dimensions to match the target device. You can experiment with making the frame size smaller for a given data rate to get better encoding results. To change the size of a movies video frame: 1 Choose File > Export. 2 Choose a file format from the Export pop-up menu. 3 Click Options. 4 In the Video area of the Movie Settings dialog, click Size and then choose an option: Use current size: This option (the default) keeps the exported movies image size the same as your original source movie. Use custom size: When you choose this option, you can specify (in pixels) a height and width for the exported movies image size. For best results, choose dimensions smaller than your source movie, and keep the height-to-width ratio the same as the source (so that objects dont appear distorted).
Customizing Sound Export Settings
To customize sound settings for export: 1 Choose File > Export. 2 Choose Movie to QuickTime Movie from the Export pop-up menu. 3 Click Options. 4 In the Sound area of the Movie Settings dialog, click Settings and then choose your options: Format: Choose the compressor (codec) you want to use for compressing sound. For general use and Internet delivery of music, MPEG-4 Audio (AAC) is recommended. Channels: Choose between mono (1 channel) or stereo (2 channels). Rate: Digitized sound is made up of sound samples. The more samples per second, the higher the sound quality. To maintain quality, music requires a higher sampling rate than spoken voice because music uses a wider range of frequencies. Audio CDs use a sampling rate of 44.1 kHz. Render Settings: Choose the quality of the signal processing that will be used; higher quality settings take longer to process. Other options: To see any additional options specific to your chosen codec, click the Options button. if its available.

If you want to stream a QuickTime movie using QuickTime Streaming Server, you should use a web-optimized video or audio compressor to compress the movie file. All QuickTime compressors are compatible with QuickTime Streaming Server, but the compressors listed here are optimized to give the best results for delivery over the Internet. For a complete list of compressors that QuickTime supports, see the Products area of the QuickTime website (www.apple.com/quicktime/products/). Video compressors: H.264, MPEG-4, Sorenson Video (any version), H.263, H.261 Audio compressors: AAC, QUALCOMM PureVoice, AMR, QDesign For more information about preparing a movie for streaming, go to www.apple.com/ quicktime/tools_tips/tutorials/.
Creating Reference Movies to Optimize Web Playback
You can use reference movies to provide the appropriate movie for different users connection speeds. For example, you can have a smaller movie streamed to users connected over a standard modem, and a larger version of the movie streamed to users connected over a broadband connection. Apple provides a free tool, MakeRefMovie X, that greatly simplifies the process of creating reference movies. You can download this software at: developer.apple.com/quicktime/quicktimeintro/tools/

Exporting MPEG-4 Files

MPEG-4 is the latest worldwide industry standard for delivering professional-quality audio and video over a wide range of bandwidths, from mobile multimedia to high definition. When you want to create a file that will work with another MPEG-4 device, use QuickTime Pro to create MPEG-4 content by exporting a movie. To export a file to the MPEG-4 format: 1 Open the movie you want to export in QuickTime Player, then choose File > Export. 2 Choose Movie to MPEG-4 from the Export pop-up menu. Note: To create an MPEG-4 movie that is optimized for use with Apple TV or iPod, select Movie to Apple TV or Movie to iPod from the Export pop-up menu. All of the MPEG4 options will be set to the appropriate values for you. To adjust settings such as file format, compression, and distribution restrictions, click Options. The options you choose depend on the network over which youll deliver the file and the viewers connection. The following sections describe the options in detail.
MPEG-4 Video Export Options
When you export a movie to MPEG-4 format (by choosing File > Export and then choosing Movie to MPEG-4), you access the following options by clicking Options and then clicking Video.
File Format: To ensure operability with devices made by ISMA members, choose MP4 (ISMA). For more information, go to www.isma.tv/. Video Format: Choose the video compressor (codec) you want to use to compress your video. For the highest quality at the lowest data rate (or the smallest file), H.264 is recommended. If you need the file to play on a device that supports MPEG-4 video, choose MPEG-4 Basic or MPEG-4 Improved, depending on the target device. If your source movies video track is already compressed, you can choose Pass through so that the video doesnt get compressed again. Data Rate: The more kilobits per second (kbps), the better the movie quality. For best playback, however, dont choose a data rate higher than the available bandwidth. Optimized for: If you choose H.264 from the Video Format pop-up menu, choose your intended delivery method from the Optimized for pop-up menu. This setting tells the codec how much the data rate can vary above and below the data rate you choose. Image Size: Current maintains the source material size. To choose a size not listed in the pop-up menu, choose Custom. Preserve Aspect Ratio Using: If you are changing the image size, use this option to specify an option in case the movie needs to be scaled to the new dimensions. Letterbox will scale the source proportionally to fit into the clean aperture, adding black bars to the top and bottom or sides as necessary. Crop centers, scales, and trims to the clean aperture. Fit Within Dimensions adjusts to the destination size by fitting to the longest side, scaling if necessary. Frame Rate: In most cases, your video will look better if you choose a number that is exactly divisible by the FPS (frames per second) of your source. For example, if your source is captured at 30 FPS, choose a frame rate of 10 or 15. Dont choose a rate larger than that of your source material. Key Frame: The more often you specify a key frame (the lower the number), the better the video quality, but the bigger the file. If you choose MP4 from the File Format pop-up menu and H.264 from the Video Format pop-up menu, and then click Video Options, you get the following additional options: Restrict Profile(s) to: If you need the file to play on a device that conforms to one or more of the standards profiles, check those profiles here. Encoding Mode: Choose whether you want the best quality or faster encoding.

QuickTime and MPEG-4: Now Featuring H.264

The Benets of Standards

Condence. Quite simply, standards build condence. Because of standards, you can be sure that any CD plays in any CD player; any television station can be viewed on any brand of television; any DVD plays in any DVD player. Innovation and new markets. Instead of a world of small competing technology efdoms, standards create the foundation for widespread adoption of innovative new consumer products. Satellite television is based on the MPEG-2 standard developed in 1994. Standard audio formats have made MP3 players commonplace. Economy. As standards are ratied, the industry can focus on how to deploy them at a lower cost instead of developing redundant technologies. The adoption of the MPEG-2 standard allowed the broadcast and DVD industries to focus their eorts on developing innovative tools for creating and delivering MPEG-2 rather than developing alternatives to MPEG-2, ultimately lowering delivery costs. Choice. Standards enable the builders of media networks to select products from a number of vendors and integrate them into a single, scalable system. Competition between vendors results in a broader choice of products varying in cost, performance, and features. Reduced costs. Using standards, content providers can eliminate the time-consuming and costly process of encoding and managing the same material in multiple formats. Increased revenue. Content providers can leverage standards to oer their content via new platforms such as mobile networks, the Internet, and digital television.
The most exciting phase in the evolution of MPEG-4 is well under way. MPEG-4, the newest in a long line of successful worldwide multimedia standards, now includes H.264 video. Providing stunningly beautiful video in compact les, H.264 is revolutionizing virtually every application that uses video, from mobile multimedia to video conferencing to broadcast and satellite television.

What Is MPEG-4?

MPEG-4 is a multimedia standard with audio and video at its core. It was dened by the MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) committee, the working group in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that specied the widely adopted, Emmy Awardwinning standards known as MPEG-1 and MPEG-2. MPEG-4 is the result of an international eort involving hundreds of researchers and engineers. The initial parts of MPEG-4, whose formal designation is ISO/IEC 14496, were nalized in October 1998 and became an international standard in early 1999. MPEG-4 was created to ensure seamless delivery of high-quality audio and video over the Internet, on IP-based networks, and to a new generation of consumer digital media devices. Because these devices range from narrowband cell phones to broadband set-top boxes to broadcast high-denition (HD) televisions, MPEG-4 provides high-quality audio and video across the entire bandwidth spectrum. Based on a time-tested technology The ISO could have chosen to base its MPEG-4 standard on any existing le format, or it could have created an entirely new format. The ISO chose to use the QuickTime File Format because of its decade-long track record in the industry. Quite simply, QuickTime works. Designed from the ground up to be cross-platform and media agnostic while providing stability, extensibility, and scalability, QuickTime delivers the foundation needed to encode, process, and play digital media on any MPEG-4compliant device. Since its inception in 1991, QuickTime has incorporated the best technology available to deliver the highest possible quality.

QuickTime File Format

Video Audio VR 3D MIDI Graphics Text and many more

Metadata

User Data Copyright Information Media Data Media Index Types of Tracks Compression Format Edit Information
Technology Brief QuickTime and MPEG-4
The QuickTime File Format is a container that can hold a variety of media types and their respective data, such as audio, video, animations, text, images, and VR. QuickTime packages these media types as tracks, which are a key component of what has made QuickTime so adaptable. New capabilities can be added simply by creating new track types. Whats more, new versions of QuickTime maintain backward compatibility, ensuring the continued viability of multimedia developed with earlier versions. This unique combination of exibility and backward compatibility made the QuickTime File Format the perfect choice for the basis of MPEG-4.

MPEG-4 Success

MPEG-4 is an extremely well-adopted format. It has been distributed in QuickTime 6 to hundreds of millions of Internet users around the world. It has been built into digital video and still cameras from some of the industrys largest companies. It is the format used in the incredibly popular iPod and iTunes Music Store. And it has been built into tens of millions of multimedia-enabled cell phones around the world.
In addition to the exible MPEG-4 le format, the technologies at the heart of this success to date are the MPEG-4 Part 2 video codec and the Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) audio codec. MPEG-4 Part 2 video delivers improved compression eciency over previous video standards by employing updated coding tools and techniques. For example, the codec provides single-pass variable bit rate (VBR) control, meaning that the encoder can be set to a target data rate that ensures playback at the appropriate rate for a particular delivery mechanism. In addition, the QuickTime MPEG-4 Part 2 codec features rigorous color management, a motion estimator optimized for both precision and speed, and a high-performance quantizer, all of which work together to provide high-quality video time after time. The decoder also provides an optimized post-processing stage to remove coding artifacts. The encoder and decoder are optimized for PowerPCand Intel-based systems. Finally, the QuickTime MPEG-4 Part 2 codec is compatible with numerous other MPEG-4 technologies, as proven in a host of industrywide interoperability tests.
AAC audio provides much more ecient compression than older formats like MP3, yet it delivers quality rivaling that of uncompressed CD audio. AAC was developed by the MPEG group that includes Dolby, Fraunhofer (FhG), AT&T, Sony, and Nokiathe same audio experts that created MP3 and AC-3. Taking full advantage of the many advances in perceptual audio coding and compression achieved since the development of MP3 more than a decade ago, AAC delivers higher-quality output at lower data rates. And with support for modern audio requirements such as multichannel audio at up to 48 full-frequency channels and high-resolution sampling rates up to 96kHz, AAC proves itself worthy of replacing MP3 as the new standard for Internet audio. The AAC codec in QuickTime builds on state-of-the-art signal processing technology from Dolby Laboratories and oers both a constant bit rate mode for bandwidth-constrained scenarios and a constant quality mode for a consistently high-quality listening experience. An evolving standard The beauty of the MPEG standards is that they dont stand still. As evidenced by the long and continually improving life of MPEG-2, standard formats can and do evolve as technologies advance. MPEG-4 is no dierent. Over the last few years, hundreds of the worlds nest video experts in hardware, software, video telephony, authoring, streaming, cable, television, and DVD have been hard at work specifying, scrutinizing, evaluating, verifying, and ratifying the next-generation standard for video. Working jointly with the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), the MPEG committee created ITU-T Recommendation H.264|ISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC, otherwise known as MPEG-4 Part 10 or, more simply, H.264.

H.264: A Revolution in Quality and Coding Eciency
H.264 is an intricate web of the latest innovations in video compression technologies that together provide a vast improvement over previous generations of video codecs. For example, H.264 delivers the same quality as MPEG-2 at a third to half the data rate. When compared to MPEG-4 Part 2, H.264 provides up to four times the frame size at a given data rate.
Thanks to its impressive eciency, H.264 provides up to four times the resolution of MPEG-4 Part 2 at the same quality and data rate.
In addition to exceptional eciency, H.264 provides better image quality than past standards when reaching its limits. Rather than breaking down into distinct blocks and jagged objects, H.264 degrades gracefully, softening an image as compression increases. Its important to keep in mind that H.264 is at the beginning of its life cycle; users can expect many years of improvement from this incredible foundation of compression technologies. Just as todays MPEG-2 video quality exceeds the highest expectations of more than a decade ago when the MPEG-2 standard was ratied, H.264 will improve with age. Scalable from 3G to HD and beyond With H.264, the ITU and MPEG groups set out to achieve the best-ever compression eciency for a broad range of applicationsfrom broadcast and DVD, where MPEG-2 is traditionally used, to video conferencing, which has used H.263, to video on demand, streaming, and multimedia messaging, which have used MPEG-4 Part 2. Their eorts were successful: H.264 delivers excellent quality across a wide operating range, from 3G to HD and everything in between. Whether creating video for mobile phones, iChat AV, the Internet, broadcast, or satellite delivery, H.264 provides exceptional video quality at impressively low data rates.
H.264: Exceptional quality at any size
Scenario/Use Mobile content (3G) Internet/Standard denition (SD) High denition (HD) Full high denition (full HD) Resolution and frame rate 176 by 144, 1024 fps 640 by 480, 24 fps 1280 by 720, 24p 1920 by 1080, 24p Example data rates 50160 Kbps 12 Mbps 56 Mbps 78 Mbps

The impressive eciency of H.264 makes state-of-the-art video more accessible to more people, enabling anyone to experience the full quality of HD video on todays computers. With H.264, HD video plays back seamlessly on all current Macintosh systems.

The Benets of H.264

Unprecedented video quality. H.264 uses the latest innovations in video compression technology to provide consistently crisp and clear video for the best possible viewing experience. Ultra-ecient. H.264 delivers incredible video quality at data rates one-fourth to one-half the size of previous video formats. Scalable from 3G to HD. Use a single codec for all your delivery needs. H.264 delivers great results for everything from mobile multimedia to Internet to satellite and beyond. HD playback on todays computers. Highdenition H.264 video plays back seamlessly on todays Mac hardware. With an Apple Cinema HD Display and a Mac Pro, the home oce is now the home theater. Ratied standard for industrywide interoperability. H.264 content created with QuickTime can play back on a broad range of H.264 devices, including mobile phones, iPods, set-top boxes, DVD players, and more. Likewise, les created with these devices can play back in QuickTime.
H.264 plays on todays computers.
Features of the H.264 standard The H.264 standard fully specifies the H.264 bit stream and decoder, while more generally specifying a set of encoding tools that can be used in creating H.264 content. The H.264 encoding toolset incorporates the best ideas from past video standards, improves on them, and adds many more new technologies. The list of tools and technologies is quite extensive; here are a few of the most notable. Advanced Design H.264 uses a richer set of techniques, in a more orthogonal fashion, than previous standards like MPEG-2 to increase coding efficiency. In previous coding techniques, singly predicted (P) frames depended only on previous independently coded (I) or P frames, and bipredicted (B) frames depended on a past and a future I or P frame. In H.264, different parts of a picture may use different types of coding (I, P, or B), and the parts using P or B coding may depend on different frames. In addition, H.264 involves four separate concepts: the direction of prediction, the number of dependencies (one or two), the coding style of the material that is depended on (I, P, or B), and which prior or subsequent frame or block contains the reference. I material has no dependency; P material has a single dependency, which may be of any kind and in the past or the future; and B material has two dependencies, which also may be of any kind and in the past or the future. Material that depends on a future frame requires that the frame be decoded before it but displayed after itcalled frame reordering. In previous standards, frame reordering was only possible when using B-frames; however, with H.264, it can occur for any type of prediction (B or P). The H.264 decoder maintains a set of decoded reference frames, any of which may be depended on by the material that is to be decoded. No longer is the dependency limited to the previous and next I or P frame. Given the choices available to the encoder and other improvements in coding, H.264 delivers a truer representation of the source material in a much lower data rate than other codecs.

Frame Dependency Comparison
MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Frame Dependencies

Display Time

H.264 Frame Dependencies

Information Flow

I P B B P B

I P P B B

P B B B B B B B B

Only in open GOPs

4x4 integer transform. H.264 is designed to operate on much smaller blocks of pixels than other common codecs, which mitigates blocking, smearing, and ringing artifacts. So H.264 video is crystal clear even in areas of ne detail. Because the transform is a precisely specied integer transform, it provides bit-precise reconstruction (that is, exact-match decoding) rather than statistically generated reconstruction. As a result, there can be no drift among various decoder implementations, so any compliant H.264 decoder will decode the video exactly as the content author intended it to look. Increased precision in motion estimation. H.264 also benets from increased precision in motion estimation, which is the process of simplifying redundant data across a series of frames. By expressing information to 1/4-pixel resolution as opposed to 1/2-pixel resolution like most other codecs, H.264 represents both fast- and slowmoving scenes more precisely. So objects in motion are more crisply reconstructed during decode, providing a better representation of the source material. Flexible block sizes in motion estimation. During motion estimation, traditional codecs commonly process frames at the macroblock level (16 pixels by 16 pixels). H.264 can process on segments within a macroblock, ranging in size from the commonly used 16x16 to as small as 4x4, which helps to code complex motion in areas of high detail. The ability of H.264 to perform its processing on a variety of block sizes means that scenes with complicated motion are more expressively described, providing higher quality in lower data rates. Intraframe prediction. H.264 is able to gain much of its eciency by simplifying redundant data not only across a series of frames, but also within a single frame, a technique called intraframe prediction. The H.264 encoder uses intraframe prediction with more ways to reference neighboring pixels, so it compresses details and gradients better than previous codecs. Intraframe prediction is especially benecial in highmotion areas, which are traditionally dicult to encode. With H.264, high-motion video can achieve stunning quality at much lower data rates. Adaptively tuned deblocking lter. H.264 also features a robust deblocking lter, which operates on 4x4 block boundaries to remove jagged blocking artifacts. Its ltering is adaptively tuned per block boundary, making it a very eective smoothing lter during the decoding of a nished bit stream. In addition to making smoother pictures for display, this lter is used during the encoding process to provide a more coherent reference picture for subsequent frames, which helps to improve image quality. This advanced lter technology eectively eliminates blocking artifacts, resulting in a smooth, clean picture. Proles and levels Like any comprehensive standard, the H.264 standard denes a set of proles and levels to set points of conformance for various classes of applications and services. In each prole, specic encoding tools are permitted to best meet the needs of the intended scenario. H.264 includes six proles: Baseline. Intended for low-complexity applications such as video conferencing and mobile multimedia. Main. Intended for the majority of general uses, such as the Internet, mobile multimedia, and stored content. Extended. Intended for streaming applications, where stream switching technologies can be benecial. Three High proles (also known as Fidelity Range Extension or FRExt). Consists of three separate High proles (High, High 10, and High 4:2:2), intended for high-end professional uses.

H.264 Profiles

4:2:Bit Baseline Extended Main High (FRExt) High High 10 High 4:2:2 B, Interlace I, P CAVLC 4:2:Bit Enhanced Error Resilience Stream Switching 8x8 Transform Monochrome CABAC
For each prole, 16 levels can be applied, each specifying a typical frame size, frame rate, and maximum data rate. The same 16 levels are used for each prole. The extensive system of levels was designed to provide exibility while at the same time constraining the decoder complexity and bandwidth used. A level limits complexity and bit-rate, and though each level has a typical use-case (see table below), many other patterns of frame rate and frame size are possible within each level. H.264 levels
Level 1 1b 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 2.3.1 3.4.1 4.5.1 Typical picture size QCIF QCIF CIF or QCIF CIF CIF CIF HHR (480i or 576i) SD SD 1280x720 1280x720 HD 1080 HD 1080 1920x1080 2048x1024/16VGA 4096x2048 Typical frame rate 7.5 (CIF)/30 (QCIF) 30 30/30/72/Maximum bit rate (non-FRExt) 64 Kbps 128 Kbps 192 Kbps 384 Kbps 768 Kbps 2 Mbps 4 Mbps 4 Mbps 10 Mbps 14 Mbps 20 Mbps 20 Mbps 50 Mbps 50 Mbps 135 Mbps 240 Mbps
Apples H.264 Video Codec: Under the Hood
The H.264 standard species the decoder and bit stream syntax, but leaves the methodology of encoding up to the individual implementation. Leveraging its many years of experience in creating successful video coding technologies, Apple has created an industry-leading H.264 implementation in QuickTime 7. Using a combination of specied technologies and patent-pending techniques, the QuickTime H.264 video codec produces phenomenal results. Intelligent multipass encoding Apples implementation of the H.264 encoder employs a patent-pending technology for using the optimal number of passes to produce the best possible quality at the desired bit rate. This technology produces superior quality and bit rate eciency compared with traditional dual-pass and single-pass encoders, and it takes the guesswork out of the encoding process by intelligently determining the optimal number of compression passes to perform.
H.264 encoding modes in QuickTime 7 Pro.
Single-pass encoding mode When encoding speed is a higher priority than pristine quality, the QuickTime 7 H.264 encoder oers a single-pass encoding mode for a good result in a very short time. Using patent-pending techniques, this accelerated encoding mode saves time when the user wants to create draft versions of an encode or when a deadline is quickly approaching.
Peak-constrained VBR options QuickTime 7 allows the user to limit the upper boundary of the H.264 variable bit rate encode for bit rateconstrained situations. The H.264 encoder oers peak-constraining options tailored to two specic playback scenarios: streaming and CD-ROM/DVD. Apples patent-pending technology for constraining peak data rate delivers better visual quality for a given bit rate and ensures a smooth playback experience for narrowband connections and devices such as CD-ROM and DVD players.

Peak-constrained VBR options for H.264 in QuickTime 7 Pro.
Conformance The initial implementation of Apples H.264 decoder conforms to all levels of Main prole in progressive format. Apples H.264 encoder can create MPEG-4 les that interoperate with both Baseline and Main prole-conforming decoders. Innovating to deliver exceptional quality Because the set of encoding tools in the H.264 standard is specied but not explicitly dened, Apple is able to create a superior H.264 video encoder using newly invented techniques. The QuickTime H.264 encoder benets from patent-pending technologies in the areas of intelligent multipass encoding, single-pass encoding, constraining peak data rate, bit allocation, and motion estimation to deliver unparalleled quality.
H.264 Throughout the Apple Product Line
Apple has a long history of using standards to support the adoption of innovative technologies, and MPEG-4 is no exception. From USB and Bluetooth connections for peripherals, to AirPort (802.11) wireless networking, to FireWire (IEEE 1394) high-speed digital video transfer, Apple has championed technology standards that have been adopted throughout the industry. Apple has worked closely with the MPEG committee to dene and ratify the MPEG-4 standard, including the latest addition to the standard, H.264. Having spent years contributing to and then implementing the H.264 standard, Apple is now ready to introduce this outstanding technology throughout its product line. As the foundation on which other multimedia applications at Apple are built, QuickTime houses H.264 as well as a multitude of other popular video, audio, and still image codecs. Because H.264 is built into the QuickTime architecture, QuickTime-based applications can take full advantage of this new video codec.
QuickTime is an essential component of the Mac OS X operating system. The latest version of Mac OS X, v10.4 Tiger, leverages the H.264 support in QuickTime 7 to deliver high-quality, multiperson video chatting in iChat AV, as well as to display H.264 video in the Finder, Preview, Safari, and Mail.
QuickTime 7 also brings the benets of H.264 to Apples consumer applications. Users can enjoy stunning H.264 video playback in QuickTime Player and iTunes. They can create high-quality H.264 versions of their iMovie projects for sharing with others via email or the web. And users can create impressive presentations by incorporating beautiful H.264 video in Keynote projects. For video professionals, H.264 brings even more exciting possibilities. Thanks to the H.264 support in QuickTime 7, Final Cut Studio users have the ability to deliver highquality content at lower data rates for the web and DVD. Final Cut Studio includes Compressor, which allows users to tap the power of networked Macintosh computers to dramatically reduce H.264 encoding times. When Compressor is coupled with Xsan, the SAN le system for Mac OS X, encoding from uncompressed high-denition video to H.264 is dramatically accelerated. DVD Studio Pro 4 leverages the quality and eciency of H.264 to deliver HD quality at SD data rates on DVD. DVD Studio Pro 4 is the rst commercially available DVD authoring software that lets users burn their HD projects to high-denition DVDs based on the latest HD DVD specications. Created using existing DVD burners and media, these discs can play back high-denition content in H.264 on any of the latest Macintosh hardware with the latest version of Apples DVD Player, which also leverages H.264 support in QuickTime 7.

Widespread Industry Adoption of H.264
Apple is not the only company embracing H.264. Many standards organizations and hundreds of companies are actively working to incorporate this new video standard into their specications and products. Standards bodies and industry consortia supporting H.264 include the following. Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). As mentioned earlier, H.264 has already been ratied by the MPEG committee as part of the MPEG-4 standard, specically called MPEG-4 Part 10 or Advanced Video Coding (AVC). International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The cocreator of H.264, ITU, has ratied H.264 as its next video conferencing standard. DVD Forum. H.264 has been selected by the DVD Forum as mandatory for its HD DVD specication, which denes one of two formats for next-generation, high-denition DVDs. Blu-ray Disc Association. H.264 has also been chosen by the Blu-ray Disc Association as mandatory for its Blu-ray Disc specication, which denes the other of the two formats for next-generation, high-denition DVDs. Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB). This European-born consortium for creating digital television standards has chosen H.264 as part of its specication for broadcast of both SDTV and HDTV. T-DMB. Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting is an ETSI standard specied to include H.264 for video. T-DMB has been adopted in South Korea and Germany. Many other European countries are currently in trials. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). This group creates standards for mobile multimedia on GSM-type mobile networks. It has chosen H.264 as the primary video codec in its Release 6 specication. Internet Streaming Media Alliance (ISMA). H.264 has been adopted by the ISMA, which was formed to accelerate the adoption and deployment of open standards for streaming rich media content over Internet protocols. MPEG Industry Forum (MPEGIF). This group was created to further the adoption of MPEG standards, including H.264, through promotion, interoperability testing, certication programs, and other activities. AVC Alliance. Formed to promote H.264 (sometimes called AVC) based products and services that work together seamlessly, the AVC Alliance is made up of some of the industrys leading international companies. H.264 is also under consideration for adoption by other standards groups, including the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), the group creating standards for mobile multimedia on CDMA2000 networks; and Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC), the U.S. group creating standards for digital television. In addition to its broad standards support, numerous broadcast, cable, video conferencing, and consumer electronics companies consider H.264 the video codec of choice for their new products and services. Some of the most notable are Japans top six broadcasting companies, DirecTV, Tandberg, and Philips.

MPEG-4, H.264, and QuickTime 7
The already successful MPEG-4 standard now features H.264, a video codec that delivers unparalleled quality with even more impressive eciency. Using the latest innovations in video compression technology, H.264 delivers incredible results for the entire range of applications, from mobile to Internet to satellite and beyond. Now that H.264 is built into the QuickTime 7 architecture, QuickTime-based applications from Apple and other companies can oer H.264 encoding and decoding capabilities. Best of all, H.264 is a broadly supported standard. This adoption by a wide variety of open standards means that any company in the world can create devicesmobile phones, set-top boxes, DVD players, and morethat interoperate with QuickTime 7. Get ready for QuickTime 7 with H.264 to change the digital video universe. Experience this powerful addition to QuickTime 7 today.

For More Information

For more information about QuickTime products and MPEG-4 technologies, visit www.apple.com/quicktime.
2006 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Apple, the Apple logo, AirPort, Apple Cinema Display, DVD Studio Pro, Final Cut, FireWire, iMovie, iPod, iTunes, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, QuickTime, the QuickTime logo, and Xsan are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Finder, iChat, Keynote, MacBook, Safari, and Tiger are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. iTunes Music Store is a service mark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Intel is a trademark or registered trademark of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and other countries. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. Product specifications are subject to change without notice. This material is provided for information purposes only; Apple assumes no liability related to its use. October 2006 L309675B