English Edition

INSTRUCTIONS

Thank you for purchasing a Canon product.
The EOS-1V is a high-performance autofocus single-lens reflex camera equipped with high-precision Area AF. Photograph a wide variety of subjects under almost any condition. Let the camera do everything automatically or take full control. In any case, operation is simple with the electronic dials. Before taking pictures, read this instruction booklet and familiarize yourself with your new camera.

Symbols

The Caution symbol alerts you to actions to prevent picture-taking problems. The Note symbol gives additional information for basic camera operation. The Light bulb symbol offers helpful tips for operating your camera or taking pictures. Read Handling Precautions on page 6 to prevent camera malfunction and damage. Keep this instruction booklet handy for easy reference.

Precautions

Before using the camera for an important event, be sure to take test shots to make sure the camera operates properly. EOS cameras have a lens mount for dedicated operation (autofocusing, exposure control, etc.) with EF lenses. Using a non-EF lens with an EOS camera may result in improper camera or lens operation. Note that the warranty does not cover any camera malfunction or damage occurring with the use of non-Canon accessories.

Contents

Handling Precautions...6 Nomenclature...8 Conventions Used in this Instruction Booklet.12

Before You Start..13

Basic Operation...14 Installing the Battery and Checking the Battery Level.19 Mounting and Detaching a Lens...21 Dioptric Adjustment...22 Film ID Imprinting...22 Loading and Unloading Film..25
2 Quick Start With Program AE...29

Holding the Camera...32

3 Using Autofocus (AF)..33
AF Mode Selection...34 Area AF Ellipse and Focusing Points..37 Focusing Point Selection..38 Focusing Point Registration and Switching..42 Focusing Point Activation Area..44 Focusing an Off-Center Subject...45 When Autofocus Fails (Manual Focusing).47

4 Metering Modes...49

Selecting a Metering Mode..50 Metering Modes...51

5 Shooting Modes...55

Shutter Speed-Priority AE..56 Aperture-Priority AE..58 Depth-of-field AE..61 Manual Exposure...65 Setting Exposure Compensation..67 Autoexposure Bracketing...69 AE Lock...71 4
Setting the Film Speed Manually..73 Multiple Exposures..74 Bulb Exposures...76 Single-Frame and Continuous Shooting..77 Self-timer Operation...79 Depth-of-field Preview...80 Mirror Lockup...81 LCD Panel Illumination..82 Using B/W Infrared Film...82

6 Flash Photography...83

Flash Photography with Speedlite 550EX.84 Using Other EOS-Dedicated Speedlites..93 Using Non-Canon Flash Units..94

7 Custom Functions...95

Selecting and Setting a Custom Functions..96 Canceling a Custom Function..97 Custom Function Settings..98 Personal Functions...111 Custom Function Group...112 Recording the Shooting Data..114

This chapter explains a few preliminary steps and basic operations of the EOS1V which you should know before you start taking pictures. If you will be using the camera for the first time, read this chapter first. If you are familiar with the basic operations of EOS cameras and want to start using the camera right away, see Quick Start with Program AE on page 29.

Before You Start

Attaching the Strap
Pass the end of the strap through the camera's strap eyelet and the strap's clasp on the under side. Pull the strap to make sure it does not slip out of the clasp.

Basic Operation

Main Switch
The camera operates only after the < This switch has three settings: < > switch is turned on.
> : The camera does not operate. Set to this position when not using the camera. > : To turn on the camera, set to this position.
: This is the same as < > except that it also enables the beeper to sound in the following cases: Focus is achieved in One-Shot AF mode. Focus is achieved with manual focus.

Shutter Button

You can press the shutter button halfway or all the way. Hold the camera steadily and press the shutter button slowly without any jerking movement. The difference between halfway and complete pressing of the shutter button is explained below. Beginners should practice pressing the shutter button halfway and completely before loading any film.

Halfway pressing

When the shutter button is pressed halfway, autofocusing (AF) is activated to focus the subject. Autoexposure (AE) metering is also turned on to set the correct shutter speed and aperture which are displayed in the viewfinder and on the LCD panel for ( 6 ).

Complete pressing

This releases the shutter and takes the picture. After the frame is exposed, the camera advances the film automatically.
Using the Electronic Dials
There are three ways to use the < > dial: 1. Press and hold down a button and then turn the < > dial while looking at the LCD panel. When the button is released, you can take a picture.

Remove the front lens cap.
While pressing the lens release button, turn the lens as shown by the arrow.
Turn the lens until it stops, then remove the lens. 1
Be careful not to lose the lens caps and body cap. AF stands for autofocus. MF or M stands for manual focus.

Dioptric Adjustment

By adjusting the diopter to suit your vision (with or without eyeglasses), the viewfinder image will look clearer. The cameras adjustable dioptric range is 3 to +1 dpt.

Film ID Imprinting

Remove the eyecup.
While grasping both sides of the eyecup, slide it upward to remove.
Turn the dioptric adjustment knob.
Turn the knob to the right or left until the focusing point or the center spot metering circle looks sharp in the viewfinder. The diagram shows the knob set at the standard diopter (1 dpt).

Reattach the eyecup.

If the viewfinder still does not look sharp after you turn the dioptric adjustment knob, use one of the E-series dioptric adjustment lenses (sold separately). (p.132)
A film ID No. consisting of a user-settable number (two digits) and a film roll No. (three digits) is imprinted automatically on the film leader. The usersettable number can be used to identify which EOS-1V body you used (if you have multiple EOS-1V bodies) to shoot that roll. The film roll No. counts up each time you load a roll of film into the camera. This way, you can check the order in which the rolls were exposed. The film ID is also used to match the shooting data recorded by the camera. The shooting data is transferred to a personal computer with the EOS LINK SOFTWARE ES-E1 (sold separately). 22
Be sure to set the user-settable No. before loading the film. The film ID is imprinted automatically as it advances to frame 1 after loading. You cannot set the user-settable No. once the film has been loaded. You also cannot set the film roll No.
User-settable No. Film roll No. Imprinting position Frame 1
: Multi Function. This refers to the EOS-1Vs extended functions. User-settable No. Film roll No.
Press the < > button to set the film ID setting mode.
Each time you press the button, the following icons will be displayed in turn on the left side of the LCD panel. Display the icon. ID icon PF icon Data transfer icon The blinking number is the usersettable No. After the film advances to frame 1, the user-settable No. will be displayed and it cannot be changed.

AI Servo AF for Moving Subjects
While you press the shutter button halfway, the camera focuses continuously.
This AF mode suits moving subjects when the focusing distance keeps changing. With predictive AF*, the camera can also focus track a subject which steadily approaches or retreats from the camera. The exposure settings are set immediately before the picture is taken.
When focus is achieved in the AI Servo AF mode, the viewfinder's in-focus indicator does not light and the beeper does not sound. If the viewfinder's in-focus indicator blinks, focus cannot be achieved. The focus cannot be locked (except when Custom Function C.Fn-4 is set to 2.)
About Predictive AF * the subject approaches or retreats from the camera at a constant rate, If
the camera tracks the subject and predicts the focusing distance immediately before the picture is taken. This is for obtaining correct focus at the moment of exposure. With a manually selected focusing point, the focusing point will flash in red and focus track the subject. When the focusing point selection is automatic, the camera first uses the center focusing point to focus. If the subject later moves away from the center focusing point, focus tracking continues as long as the subject is covered by another focusing point in the Area AF ellipse. The active focusing point does not light.
C.Fn With Custom Function C.Fn-4-2, you can lock the focus momentarily by

pressing the <

> button even while the AI Servo AF is active. (p.100)
C.Fn Custom Function C.Fn-11-2 enables you turn the <
> dial to change the focusing point to track the subject in the AI Servo AF mode. (p.105)
Area AF Ellipse and Focusing Points
The Area AF ellipse is the area where the camera can focus the subject. The Area AF ellipse has 45 focusing points, making autofocus possible over a wide area in the viewfinder. You can concentrate on composing the picture without worrying about whether a focusing point is covering the subject. As long as the subject is within the Area AF ellipse, the camera will focus the subject automatically.
Focusing points in the Area AF ellipse
Area AF ellipse Focusing point
Everything is displayed above. Normally, only part of the above is displayed.

Focusing Point Selection

The focusing point can be selected automatically or manually. Automatic Selection From among the 45 focusing points, the camera selects the focusing point automatically to suit the subject. Manual Selection (One of three groups of selectable focusing points can be used) (1) You can select one of the 45 focusing points manually. (2) You can select one of eleven focusing points (C.Fn 13-1/2) (3) You can select one of nine focusing points (C.Fn 13-3) * C.Fn-13 enables (2) and (3). To set a Custom Function, see Selecting and Setting Custom Functions on page 96.

Partial Metering

This mode is effective when the background is much brighter than the subject (due to backlighting, etc.). The metering is weighted at the center covering 8.5% of the viewfinder area.

Spot Metering

This is for metering a particular part of the subject or scene. The metering is weighted at the center covering 2.4% of the viewfinder area.
Centerweighted Averaging Metering
The metering is weighted at the center and then averaged for the entire scene.
Focusing Point-Linked Spot Metering
To make focusing point selection faster, the selectable focusing points can be limited to 11 (C.Fn-13-1) or 9 (C.Fn-13-3). When C.Fn-13-1 or C.Fn13-3 has been set, the manuallyselected focusing point is linked to 2.4% spot metering. (p.40, 41, 106)
During continuous shooting in the spot metering mode, AE lock is set automatically without the < > indicator displayed in the viewfinder.
C.Fn C.Fn-13-2 can limit the manually-selectable focusing points to only 11 while
keeping the spot metering linked to the center focusing point. (p.40, 106)

Multi-Spot Metering

Multiple spot meter readings can be taken and then averaged automatically. As shown in the sample below, you can take multiple spot meter readings.
Set the spot metering mode. (p.50) Aim the focusing point over the shadow area and press the < > button.
This obtains the first spot meter reading.
Aim the focusing point over a midtone area and press the < > button once. Then do the same for a highlight area.
Each time a spot meter reading is taken, the spot meter readings taken so far are averaged and the result (shutter speed and aperture) is displayed below the viewfinder. See the figure in Multi-Spot Metering Display on the next page. On the exposure compensation scale on the right of the viewfinder, the exposure level indicator moves around in real-time to indicate the spot meter readings current exposure level. The three spot meter readings are also indicated on the scale with a fixed (nonmoving) metering mark. 53
Multi-Spot Metering Display
Exposure level indicator (moving) before the second spot meter reading is taken. This indicator shows the exposure level relative to the first spot meter reading. Exposure level indicator (moving) before the third spot meter reading is taken. This indicator shows the exposure level relative to the second spot meter reading. Exposure setting after the second spot meter reading is taken. This is the result (fixed) after the first and second spot meter readings are averaged. This is repeated each time a spot meter reading is taken.

Mirror lockup is enabled with C.Fn-12 (p.106). This prevents mirrorcaused vibrations which may blur the image during close-ups or when a super telephoto lens is used. To set this Custom Function, see Selecting and Setting a Custom Functions on page 96. When mirror lockup is set, the camera operates as follows. When using mirror lockup, Remote Switch RS-80N3 (sold separately) is recommended.
The mirror locks up, and after 30 seconds, it will go back down automatically. Pressing the shutter button completely again locks up the mirror again.
Release the shutter button and press the shutter button completely again to take the picture.
The picture is taken and then the mirror goes back down.
In very bright light such as at the beach or ski ground on a sunny day, take the picture promptly after mirror lockup. During mirror lockup, do not point the camera lens at the sun. The suns heat can scorch and damage the shutter curtains. If you use mirror lockup with the self-timer for a bulb exposure, there will be a shutter release sound when you release the shutter button during self-timer operation. This is not the sound of the shutter release. During mirror lockup, the film advance mode will be single-frame shooting regardless of the current film advance mode. If mirror lockup is used with the self-timer, pressing the shutter button completely the first time will lock up the mirror and release the shutter 10 seconds or 2 seconds later (depending on the delay time selected).

LCD Panel Illumination

The LCD panel is provided with illumination. The LCD panel illumination button < > turns the illumination on ( 6 ) and off. It makes the LCD panel readable in darkness. The LCD panel illumination turns off 2 seconds after a picture is taken. For a bulb exposure, the illumination turns off when the bulb exposure starts.
Pressing any button while the LCD panel is illuminated prolongs the illumination.

Using B/W Infrared Film

Focus the subject, then set the lens focus mode switch to MF (or M).
Lets say you will focus at 3 m.
Use the infrared index to adjust the distance.
Turn the focusing ring so that the focusing distance is aligned with the infrared index. If it is 3 m, align the 3 with the infrared index.

Focusing distance index

Infrared index
Use a lens which provides an infrared index. With L-series lenses which do not have an infrared index, there is no need to compensate for infrared film. It is recommended that you also take back-up pictures at slightly nearer and farther distances centering on the infrared indexs distance. Also refer to the infrared films instructions. Using a red filter enhances the infrared films effects. The focusing distance need not be adjusted with color infrared film.

The Custom Function setting changes each time you press the < > button. To change C.Fn-0s setting, press the < > button for at least 2 seconds. (p.127)
The LCD panel returns to the normal display and the new Custom Function setting takes effect.
Altered Custom Function Indicator After you alter a Custom Function setting and press the < > button, a bar appears on the exposure (C.Fn-1) (C.Fn-5) (C.Fn-10) (C.Fn-14) compensation scale. In this example, the scale shows The scales increments from left to right that Custom Functions C.Fn-1, are used to denote the 19 Custom C.Fn-5, C.Fn-10, and C.Fn-14 have Functions. The left-most increment (3) been altered. is for C.Fn-1. The next increment to the right denotes the next Custom Function in numerical order up to C.Fn-19. C.Fn is the abbreviation for Custom Function.
Canceling a Custom Function
Turn the < > dial until the Custom Function No. whose setting is to be canceled appears. Press the < > button until the setting returns to.
The LCD panel returns to the normal display and the Custom Function setting is canceled.
Canceling All Custom Functions
Open the side door and press the < > button. Then press the < > button.
Except for C.Fn-0, all the Custom Function settings will be reset to 0.

Custom Function Settings

C.Fn-0 Focusing screen characteristics
This makes the cameras built-in exposure meter compatible with the focusing screen characteristics. Be sure to set this Custom Function to suit the focusing screen installed in the camera. (p.127) C.Fn C.Fn-0 Function Focusing screen characteristics No. Description For Ec-N, Ec-R For Ec-A, B, C, CII, CIII, D, H, I, L
C.Fn-0-0: For New Laser-matte screens. C.Fn-0-1: For Laser-matte screens. Since the EOS-1Vs standard focusing screen is the Ec-CIII, C.Fn-0-1 is already set upon factory shipment.
C.Fn-1 Auto film rewind mode
You can disable auto film rewind or make it silent. C.Fn Function 0 Auto film rewind mode 3 No. Enabled Disabled Enabled Silent rewind Disabled Description High-speed rewind

C.Fn-1

C.Fn-1-1/3: Disables automatic film rewind. This is effective when you do not want film rewind to start on its own and make a sudden > button to rewind. (p.28) disturbance. Press the < C.Fn-1-2: This makes the automatic film rewind more silent.

This icon indicates that the aperture can be set with the lens detached from the camera. C.Fn-5-1: Use the < > dial to set the shutter speed and the < > dial to set the aperture. The shutter speed can also be set by pressing the < > button ( 6 ) and turning the < > dial. This is convenient when you have to often change the aperture during studio sessions with studio flash units. (p.66) Also, when you use AEB in the manual exposure mode, the shutter speed can stay fixed while only the aperture is shifted for AEB. C.Fn-5-2: You set the shutter speed and aperture in the same way as with C.Fn-5-0. And you can still set the aperture even while the lens is detached from the camera. Convenient especially for pro photographer assistants when a super telephoto lens is used with more than one EOS-1V body. C.Fn-5-3: You set the shutter speed and aperture in the same way as with C.Fn-5-1. And you can still set the aperture even while the lens is detached from the camera.
If this Custom Function is used with C.Fn-11-1/2, you have to use the < > button and dial instead of the < > button and dial to set the shutter speed and aperture.
C.Fn-6 Exposure level increments
You can change the increments for the exposure setting (shutter speed and aperture) and exposure compensation (AE, AEB, flash exposure). C.Fn Function 2 No. Description 1/3-stop exposure setting/ 1/3-stop exposure compensation 1-stop exposure setting/ 1/3-stop exposure compensation 1/2-stop exposure setting/ 1/2-stop exposure compensation
Increments for the exposure setting (shutter speed/ C.Fn-6 aperture) and exposure compensation
C.Fn-6-1: Sets whole-stop increments for the shutter speed and aperture which might be familiar to older users. C.Fn-6-2: Suited for negative films which have a relatively wide exposure latitude.
C.Fn-7 USM lens electronic manual focusing
After focus is achieved in the One-Shot AF mode, electronic manual focusing is possible with the following lenses: EF 50mm f/1.0L USM, EF 85mm f/1.2L USM, EF 200mm f/1.8L USM, EF 300mm f/2.8L USM, EF 400mm f/2.8L USM, EF 400mm f/2.8L II USM, EF 500mm f/4.5L USM, EF 600mm f/4L USM, EF 1200mm f/5.6L USM, EF 2880mm f/2.8-4L USM. C.Fn Function 0 Electronic manual C.Fn-7 focusing after OneShot AF No. Description Enabled (With C.Fn-4-1/3, enabled before achieving focus) Disabled (With C.Fn-4-1/3, enabled before achieving focus) Disabled (Disabled before achieving focus even with C.Fn-4-1/3)
C.Fn-7-1: This prevents the focus from being thrown off by inadvertant turning of the focusing ring after One-Shot AF. (Focusing is possible before focus is achieved.) With both C.Fn-7-1 and C.Fn-7-2, manual focusing is possible with the lens focus mode switch set to MF or M. C.Fn-7-2: Electronic manual focusing is disabled in the AF mode. 102

The metering mode must be set to spot metering before it can be linked to the focusing point. If C.Fn-13-1/2 is set or cancelled, the registered focusing point (p.42) will be replaced by the center focusing point.
Any metering mode besides spot metering can be used. With C.Fn-13-1/2/3, all 45 focusing points will be subject to automatic selection.
C.Fn-14 Automatic reduction of fill flash output
C.Fn C.Fn-14 Function Automatic reduction of fill flash output No. Enabled Disabled Description
C.Fn-14-1: This prevents underexposure of a subject in front of a strong backlight such as a sunset.
C.Fn-15 Shutter curtain synchronization
C.Fn C.Fn-15 Function Shutter curtain synchronization No. Description 1st-curtain synchronization 2nd-curtain synchronization
C.Fn-15-1: By using a slow sync speed, you can create a light trail following a moving subject. The flash fires right before the shutter closes. This Custom Function can be used to obtain 2nd-curtain sync effects even with EX-series Speedlites which do not have this capability. If an EX-series Speedlite having this capability is set for 2nd-curtain sync, it will override the cameras setting.

C.Fn-16 Safety shift

Safety shift can be set for the shutter speed-priority AE and aperturepriority AE modes. C.Fn C.Fn-16 Function Safety shift for TvAE and Av-AE No. Disabled Enabled Description
C.Fn-16-1: In case the subjects brightness changes suddenly and the current shutter speed-priority AE or aperture-priority AE setting becomes unsuitable, the shutter speed or aperture is shifted to obtain a suitable exposure.
C.Fn-17 Focusing point activation area
The manually selected focusing points activation area can be expanded. (p.44) Setting C.Fn-13 will also expand the focusing point activation area. C.Fn Function 0 C.Fn-17 Focusing point activation area No. Description 1 (Standard) 1 + Adjacent focusing points 1 + More adjacent focusing points
C.Fn-17-1: The focusing point activation area expands by one point all around the manually-selected focusing point. A total of 7 focusing points become active. This setting is effective for when only one manually-selected focusing point is unable to focus track a subject moving irregularly. C.Fn-17-2: The camera automatically sets the focusing point activation area to 1, 7 or 13 points to suit the lens focal length, AF mode, and the subjects speed during predictive AF. (p.44) This is effective when the subjects movement is unpredictable. 108

The focusing point activation area centers on the selected focusing point. Therefore, if a peripheral focusing point is selected, the focusing point activation area will be smaller as shown below.
7-point activation area Selected focusing point Activation area 13-point activation area
C.Fn-18 Switchover to registered focusing point
You can switch to the registered focusing point just by pressing the < button. (p.42) C.Fn Function 0 Switchover to C.Fn-18 registered focusing point No. Description Use < > button + < > button Use only < > button >
Switchover only while pressing < > button
C.Fn-18-1: Press the < > to switch to the registered focusing point. C.Fn-18-2: Switch to the registered focusing point only while you press the < > button. When you release the button, it switches back to the previous focusing point. You can thereby easily switch between the selected focusing point and registered focusing point.
If C.Fn-4-1/3 is also set, you can press the < > button to switch to the registered focusing point and start the AF at the same time. (p.100)
C.Fn-19 Lens AF stop button function switching
The function of the AF stop button provided with super telephoto Image Stabilizer lenses can be shifted to the AF start button or AE lock button. C.Fn Function Lens AF stop button C.Fn-19 function switching No. AF stop AF start AE lock while metering is active
Automatic selection of 45 focusing points or center focusing point selection when pressed

Description

Toggle between One-Shot AF and AI Servo AF Turn on Image Stabilizer
C.Fn-19-1: AF operates only while the AF stop button is pressed. While the button is pressed, AF operation with the camera is disabled. C.Fn-19-2: When the button is pressed while metering is still active, AE lock takes effect. Convenient when you want to focus and meter separately. C.Fn-19-3: In the manual focusing point selection mode, holding down the button switches to automatic focusing point selection (among 45 focusing points). Holding down the button switches from manual focusing point selection to automatic focusing point selection on the fly. Convenient when you are no longer able to focus track a moving subject with a manually-selected focusing point in the AI Servo AF mode. In the automatic focusing point selection mode, holding down the button selects the center focusing point on the fly. C.Fn-19-4: In the One-Shot AF mode, pressing the button switches to AI Servo AF mode only while the button is pressed. In the AI Servo AF mode, pressing the button switches to One-Shot AF mode only while the button is pressed. Convenient when you need to keep switching between One-Shot AF and AI Servo AF for a subject which keeps moving and stopping. C.Fn-19-5: With the lens IS switch already ON, the Image Stabilizer operates only while you press the button. 110

Continuous Shooting Speed According to AF Mode and Battery Type

In fps (approx.)

Mode < > Ultra-high speed continuous shooting < > High-speed continuous shooting < > Low-speed continuous shooting One-Shot AF / Manual NP-ESize-AA batteries AI Servo AF NP-ESize-AA batteries 5 3
The figures above apply when the shutter speed is 1/250 sec. or faster.
EOS-1V HS Film Roll Shooting Capacity
Power Source Temperature At 20C At 20C AA Alkaline 125 (85) 7 (5) AA Lithium 180 (120) 75 (50) AA Ni-Cd 50 (35) 36 (24) Nickel-Hydride Pack NP-E(70) 30 (20)
The figures in the table above indicate the number of 24-exposure rolls that can be shot with a new set of batteries and an EF 50mm f/1.4 lens in accordance with Canons testing conditions. Figures in parentheses indicate the number of 36-exposure rolls. The shooting capacity will be less if test shooting or autofocusing without film is performed. Size-AA nickel-hydride batteries can also be used. 117

Attaching Grip GR-E2

You can replace the Power Drive Booster PB-E2 with the normal Grip GRE2 (sold separately) found on the EOS-1V. The GR-E2 uses one lithium 2CR5 battery.
Install a battery in the Grip GR-E2. (p.19)
As shown in the diagram, insert the battery with the contacts toward the bottom right. Then close the cover.
Detach the Power Drive Booster PB-E2.
Turn the Power Drive Booster PBE2s attachment knob as shown by the arrow to loosen it. Then slide down the Booster. On the bottom of the EOS-1V, attach the cover (provided with the GR-E2) on the film advance coupler. (p.8)

Attach the Grip GR-E2.

Attach the Grip to the camera and tighten the Grips attachment screw. Attach the contact cover (provided with the GR-E2) to the Power Drive Booster PB-E2 to protect the electrical contacts.
Cautions when using the Power Drive Booster PB-E2 with the EOS-1 and EOS-1N Do not use size-AA lithium FR6 batteries or the Nickel-Hydride Pack NP-E2 with the EOS-1. Doing so may damage the EOS-1s electronic circuitry due to the high battery voltage. Do not use the Nickel-Hydride Pack NP-E2 with the EOS-1N. If the battery voltage gets really low, battery pack performance may deteriorate markedly.
This section helps you understand your camera and enjoy photography better. It gives reference information for your camera and introduces system accessories.

Reference Section

Basic Photography Terms

Exposure

Exposure occurs when the film is exposed to light. Correct exposure is obtained when the film is exposed to a proper amount of light in accordance with the films sensitivity to light. The correct exposure is adjusted with the cameras shutter speed and aperture.

Shutter speed

The shutter speed is the length of time the cameras shutter opens to expose the film to the light coming through the lens. The shutter speed is displayed on the cameras LCD panel and in the viewfinder. It ranges from 30 to 1/8000 sec. and bulb.

Autofocus

Type..TTL-AREA-SIR with a CMOS sensor Focusing points..Area AF with 45 focusing points AF working range.EV 0-18 (at ISO 100) Focusing modes.(1) One-Shot AF: Autofocus stops when focus is achieved, resulting in AF lock. (2) AI Servo AF: Tracks subject movement up to the start of exposure. No in-focus indicator (blinks at 8 Hz only if AF fails). (3) Manual focusing: Enabled with the focusing ring when the lens focus mode is set to MF (or M). Electronic manual focusing during continuous shooting and exposure is enabled with PBE2 and NP-E2. In-focus indicator.Flashing focusing point in viewfinder (can be disabled with a Custom Function), in-focus indicator, and beeper (can be disabled with the Main Switch). Focusing point selection.(1) Automatic selection: Focusing point camera-selected. (2) Manual selection: Focusing point manually-selected. Focusing point registration and switching..Any single focusing point or 45-point automatic selection can be registered by pressing the Assist button and FE lock button simultaneously. Pressing the Assist button and focusing point selector switches to the registered focusing point.
AF focusing point indicator.Superimposed focusing point in viewfinder and also indicated on LCD panel AF-assist beam..Emitted automatically by the attached EOS Speedlite when necessary.

Shutter

Type..Vertical-travel, focal-plane shutter with all speeds electronicallycontrolled. Shutter speeds.30 to 1/8000 sec. in 1/3-stops, X-sync at 1/250 sec. Shutter release.Soft-touch electromagnetic release Self-timer..10-sec. or 2-sec. delay.

Film Transport

Film loading.Automatic. After film is loaded and the back closed, the film advances to frame 1 automatically, taking about 1 sec. Film advance system.Automatic film advance with built-in motor. (1) EOS-1 V: Single-frame and continuous shooting. (2) EOS-1 V HS (w/Power Drive Booster PB-E2): Single-frame, low-speed continuous, high-speed continuous, and ultra-high speed continuous (w/NP-E2). Infrared film.Compatible Film rewind system..At the end of the roll, automatic film rewind with a built-in motor. Midroll rewind possible. Film rewind time/noise..High-speed rewind: Approx. 4.5 sec. for 24-ex. film and approx. 8 sec. for 36-ex. film at 59 dB Silent rewind..Approx. 12 sec. for 24-ex. film and approx. 18 sec. for 36-ex. film at 49 dB

Film ID Imprinting (w/standard camera back)
Information Imprinted.Any number from 00 to 99 and film No. from 001 to 999 Imprinting position and size..Frame 0 on film leader, text height approx. 1 mm Imprinting method.After film advances during initial loading, a minilamp imprints transparent LCD numerals on the film base. (Imprinting cannot be disabled.) Imprinting confirmation.During imprinting, the ID mark lights on the LCD panel. Ambient temperature.Imprinting assured between 45C and 10C Power source.Same as for the camera

Shooting Data

System..When a picture is taken, the shooting data is automatically recorded in the built-in memory. The data can be later transferred
to a personal computer for viewing and editing. Data recorded.See page 114. The data cannot be viewed or edited with the camera only. Shooting data memory capacity..With the standard number of data items, shooting data for 100 rolls of 36-ex. film can be stored.

Camera Specifications

Flash contacts..(1) Hot shoe: X-sync direct contacts (2) Right side bottom: PC terminal (threaded) External flash system compatibility..E-TTL autoflash, A-TTL autoflash, TTL autoflash Custom Functions.20 (No. 0 - 19) Personal Functions..3 Custom Function groups can also be registered. Remote control.Remote control/data transfer terminal with water-resistant and dustproof cap provided. Power source.(1) EOS-1 V: One 2CR5 lithium battery (2) EOS-1 V HS (w/Power Drive Booster PB-E2): 8 size-AA batteries or Ni-MH Pack NP-E2 (sold separately) (3) Battery Pack BP-E1: 1 2CR5 lithium battery and 4 size-AA batteries (size-AA lithium batteries cannot be used) Shooting capacity.EOS-1 V: See page 20. EOS-1 V HS: See page 117. Battery check.Automatic when the Main Switch is turned on. Battery level displayed in four levels (not including blank display) on LCD panel. Dimensions..EOS-1V: 161 (W) x 120.8 (H) x 70.8 (D) mm 6.3 (W) x 4.7 (H) x 2.8 (D) in. EOS-1V HS: 161 (W) x 164.3 (H) x 82.5 (D) mm 6.3 (W) x 6.4 (H) x 3.2 (D) in. Weight..EOS-1V: 945 g / 33 oz (body only, excluding battery) EOS-1V HS: 1380 g / 48.7 oz (body only, excluding battery) All the specifications above are based on Canons testing and measuring standards. Specifications and physical appearance are subject to change without notice.
A Accessories..129 AEB...69 AE lock...71 AF Modes..34 - selecting...34 AI Servo AF..36 One-Shot AF..35 aperture-priority AE..58 aperture setting..120 with shutter speed display.126 <Av> aperture-priority AE..58 B basic operation...14 Basic Photography Terms..120 battery - installing...19 - level check..20 battery life...20, 117 bulb exposures...76 C continuous shooting..77 single-frame and continuous shooting switchover...77 Custom Functions.95 - setting..96 - canceling..97 - descriptions...98 - group registration..112 D default settings, reverting to.17 <DEP> depth-of-field AE.61 depth of field..121 depth-of-field AE..61 depth-of-field preview.80 dioptric adjustment knob.22 E H E-TTL autoflash..85 electronic dials..15 eyecup..22 high-speed sync (FP flash)..86 Holding the Camera..32 eyepiece shutter..80 exposure..120 - fixed...71 - set automatically..69 - exposure compensation..67 multiple exposures..74 exposure warnings..124 F FEB...90 FE lock...87 film - film ID imprinting..22 - loading..25 - unloading..28 - ISO speed...120 - ISO speed manual setting.73 - ISO speed checking..27 - midroll rewind..28 - film advance modes.117 flash photography..83 E-TTL flash photography..85 FEB...90 flash exposure compensation.89 Full Auto flash photography.85 non-Canon Speedlites, using.94 modeling flash..91 wireless, multi-Speedlite flash..92 focusing off-center subjects..45 manual focusing.48 Focusing point - selection procedure..38 - selecting...38 - registration..42 - activation area..44 Area AF ellipse and focusing points.37 registered focusing point switchover..43 automatic selection..38 manual selection.38 focusing screen interchanging.127

Battle of the Titans: NIKON F6 vs. CANON EOS-1v vs. LEICA R9
Shutter Release, April 2005

Revised March 2007

Canon got the better of Nikon and Leica on Internet forums in 2004 with regard to film cameras. If ad hoc quips about the worlds leading 35mm SLR cameras were to be believed, Canon had pulled ahead in optics and overall speed of operation. As to Leica, well, the legendary mark had already had its day and is a stodgy if reliable instrument years behind Canon and Nikon. The stereotypes were flat-out wrong, even before the introduction of the new Nikon F6 in late 2004. The reality is that each manufacturer has selectively invested in features for different users. Canon has led in technology to steady hand-held telephoto lenses. The Leica R9 provides ultimate finessing of manual with automatic controls to a precision of 0.1 f-stop (in multi-pattern metering), and is arguably the most user-friendly of the three cameras. The Nikon F6 is a more versatile and lighter redesign of the F5 that pioneered the most advanced autoexposure system available, engineered for accuracy in extreme or peculiar lighting conditions where other cameras would fall short. Features in Common The three flagship models are equipped to enable excellence in most photographic situations. Together with their abundant selections of optics and all manner of gadgetry, the top-of-line Nikon, Canon and Leica cameras have been widely considered the best in 35mm film photography. The Nikon F6, Canon EOS-1v and Leica R9 offer: Evaluative autoexposure: The microcomputer in the camera assesses a scene through an array of sensors, and applies an ideal aperture and/or shutter speed as fast as 1/8000 sec. or as long as a half hour. For example, the autoexposure systems will recognize a backlit portrait and provide optimal exposure of the subject despite the brighter background for which average metering would overcompensate and result in too dark an image. Spot metering: The photographer can set exposure according to readings of one or multiple small areas in the composition. Focus tracking (Canon and Nikon): The predictive autofocus systems of the Canon EOS-1v and Nikon F6 lock on to and follow a designated subject if it or
the photographer are moving. Focus is maintained through a single or series of rapid-action exposures. Leica 35mm SLR cameras do not have autofocus, the absence of which however allows for some benefit as elaborated below. An extensive selection of lenses including macro optics for close-up photography, and shift lenses for architectural photography. Advanced flash synchronized up to 1/8000 sec. Viewfinder showing 99-100% of the image captured on film (Nikon F6 and Canon EOS-1v). The Leica R9 viewfinder shows 97% of the horizontal field and 96% of the vertical. High reliability: durable, maximally shockproof bodies and shutters, usable in virtually all weather conditions. If the batteries fail, the cameras can operate either without battery power (with limited functionality) or alternatively (Canon) may be equipped with a back-up battery source. Price ranges of $1650-2000 for the Canon EOS-1v, $2000 for the Nikon F6 and $3000 for the Leica R9 (as of March 2007). Approach to Camera Selection In considering a camera purchase, photographers should first learn which models offer features most important to their needs, then examine and handle the final contenders to assess the controls and ensure the feel and weight are satisfactory. In the past, photographers attracted by leading features but not wishing to invest in a premium model could easily consider more modest equipment of the same product line. At present, however, this alternative applies almost exclusively to Canon, since Nikon and Leica have limited film camera options below flagship models. Nevertheless, recently discontinued second-line cameras tended to share similar design approaches and technology, as well as interchangeable optics and accessories. Premium used models of Canon and Nikon film cameras are widely available. Potential advantages and disadvantages of the three leading Nikon, Leica and Canon film cameras are largely subjective depending on user priorities.

Nikon F6

For photographers desiring total freedom to compose and shoot instantly, with autoexposure for virtually every imaginable situation, the Nikon F6 offers an advantage in its evaluative 3D Color Matrix Metering II system, an enhancement of the superbly competent metering of the F5. This technology does considerably more than measure illumination and equate the image with a particular composition and lighting pattern to figure proper exposure.
When a Nikon F5 or F6 lock into focus, its 3D Color Matrix metering senses the colors as well as the framework of the composition. Information on depth of field, from the lens, is also imputed. The microcomputer in the camera then identifies and matches the scene, its lighting and color conditions with an archetypical image among a database of upwards of 30,000 photos. (The F5 featured roughly that many reference images; the improved Color Matrix metering in the F6 has several times more, according to unofficial sources.) The cameras will not only sense when a photograph is taken in a snowscape, but will further adjust exposure for the shade of blue or gray of the sky. Blues tend to produce mild underexposure as normally metered by the gray scale that has long been the basis for camera metering of reflected light. Improving on this, contemporary Nikon film and digital cameras allow slightly more exposure for blues compared to other evaluative systems. Bright yellow also tends to produce underexposure using the gray scale; green tends to produce overexposure; in either case, current Nikon cameras will compensate. The system also detects fluorescent and tungsten lighting, and makes appropriate adjustments to exposure (but film cameras cannot correct for the different lighting, which is a function of film, filters and processing). The Red-Coated Man on the White Horse A veteran camera dealer advises that Nikon 3D Color Matrix metering is the only autoexposure system that will finely expose an image of a red-coated man on a white horse. Other systems will expose primarily on the basis of the white of the horse. The Nikon F6 will identify the image as of a person on an animal, and expose primarily on the basis of the person and their clothing. A seasoned photographer could of course manage the situation of a red-coated person on a white horse with an incident light meter (i.e., measuring the light falling on the subject, rather than the light reflected off it). Or use spot metering, or standard center-weighted metering together with basic knowledge of the reflective qualities of the primary colors. Or, a photographer could simply bracket the image (i.e., take various exposures at different speeds or apertures to assure at least one or two finely exposed images). The compelling advantage of advanced Nikon metering is instant photography of complex lighting situations that could otherwise take significant time to master with a light meter, back-of-mind calculations or bracketing. For candid people photography and other potentially unique situations never to come again, the 3D Color Matrix system can be a valued asset. User comments on Internet forums on the earlier Nikon F5 indicate owners believe the system adds value, with the most difficult conditions managed well and typically exposed about f-stop more accurately than conventional evaluative metering in other advanced camerasa difference that can make or break a transparency.

Improvements in the Nikon F6 The F6 is more compact than the F5; camera weight has been reduced by about half a pound to just over 2 lbs. While not a small camera, the redesign brings it more in line with the less bulky Canon EOS-1v. Controls are reportedly friendlier but the range of options remains daunting. Grip has been improved. As to performance assists, the F6 adds dynamic autofocus for closest-subject, selective area and single-point focusing, which are also available on Nikons more advanced digital cameras but were not offered with the dated F5. Also, the F6 flash control system takes account of subject distance as well as brightness in determining an optimal mix of flash and existing light. Photographers not needing 100% viewfinder coverage (92-95% can be advantageous in providing a margin of safety from film fringing or simply for cropping) or ultra-rapid motor drive but desiring the advanced Nikon metering may want to consider a lighter, used Nikon SLR. The 3D Color Matrix system was available for some years on a number of quality Nikon film cameras with essentially the same metering capabilities included on the flagship F5.
Canon EOS-1v Canon is renowned for its innovations in optical technology. The most advanced telephoto system and the only tilt-and-shift optics in 35mm photography are Canon hallmarks. Together with the predictive autofocus and high-speed operation (up to 10 frames per second) of the EOS-1v, its not difficult to understand how a gaggle of rapid-action photographers came to chat up the Internet with talk of Canon superiority. Canon Image Stabilization Technology Ten Canon high-power and moderate telephoto lenses are equipped with gyroscopic sensors feeding into a microcomputer controlling focal-plane alignment to counteract vibration. Recently, Canon adopted its Image Stabilization (IS) technology to a multi-purpose 28-135mm zoom lens. Tests by leading photographic magazines have indicated the IS technology allows hand-held photography at speeds 1.5-2 f-stops slower than normal. In situations such as low-light photography, IS can sufficiently steady a hand-held image at 1/8 1/15 secthe equivalent of 1/30 sec. unassisted. IS technology will similarly improve photography from a moving vehicle. As a rule, shutter speed should be no slower than the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens (e.g., a 200mm telephoto lens requires a 1/200 sec. or faster shutter speed hand-held. With Canon IS technology, minimum safe speed would be reduced to 1/601/100 sec.)

Canon Fluorite Glass Canon offers telephoto optics of fluorite crystal, which minimizes color fringing (chromatic aberration) in its high-magnification 500-1200mm(!) lenses, and in several telephoto zoom and fixed lenses of lesser focal length. Canon Tilt-and-Shift Lenses Canon, Leica and Nikon offer shift lenses to assist architectural and (to a limited extent) landscape photography. Canons shift lenses go a step further, offering front tilt similar to large-format cameras. By tilting the lens downward in relation to the film plane, the foreground will come into sharper focus together with the background, in most picture-taking situations. Tilt and shift are offered by Canon on three lenses: 24mm, 45mm and 90mm. Tilt is normally not required for wide-angle architectural photographystopping the lens down moderately is usually sufficient to bring both foreground and background into focusstill, tilt may be helpful on the very wide 24mm lens in landscape and commercial product photography. Tilt-and-shift optics (and the shift lenses of other manufacturers) have to be manually stopped down and cannot be used in automatic exposure mode, although meter readings may be made through the lenses.

Leica R9

Leica 35mm SLR cameras are designed for the reflective photographer who prefers deliberative precision to automatic operation. As such, the Leica R9 does not have autofocus, though it has an evaluative autoexposure and bracketing system that will serve the photographer well in most picture-taking situationssimilar to Canon in this respect. The Nikon F6, Canon EOS-1v and Leica R9 allow for manual override of autoexposure, as well as a selection of metering modes. Yet for the hands-on photographer desiring full control, the Leica R9 advantage is its metering system allowing for exposure adjustments as fine as 0.1 f-stop in automatic multi-pattern metering mode. For users not needing autofocus, its absence from Leica SLR models means lenses with less glass, less complexity, less weight, a bit more light reaching the film which a purist may appreciate. Three Leica R lenses in particular offer sterling performance. The 90mm f/2 Apo-Summicron-R aspherical lens provides superb resolution at all apertures, even wide-open. The 15mm f/2.8 Super-Elmarit-R offers incredible, Biogon-like performancenegligible distortion, excellent contrast and minimal light falloff (about.3 f-stop)wide-open as wellwith a diagonal field of view of 111. Extreme-wide medium and large-format optics of this caliber usually require a centre filter and lack the portability and rapid-reaction/real-time capability of this 35mm lens. Third, in the telephoto range, the Leica 280mm Apo-Telyt-R also produces images

of extraordinary quality, unmatched in contrast rendition and absence of chromatic aberration at wide apertures, and is fairly portable for a lens of such focal length. Subtle Leica features add up. Reviewers have opined that the Leica viewfinder provides the brightest, clearest view of the three leading cameras. The R9, while solidly built and by no means a lightweight, is the most compact. A Leica with lens will often weigh 1-2 lb. less than its competitors. The controls of the Leica R9 are appealingly uncomplicated and user-friendly. A plus, to some, is the absence of numerous options for automatic operations they would rarely or never use. The LCD panel is located on the back of the Leica; Canon and Nikon have it on top. Leica does not offer image-stabilization technology for its telephoto lenses. However the need for such technology may be obviated to an extent by the lesser weight of the R9 and its telephoto lenses of shorter and medium-range focal length up to 280mm. The Leica Cachet Leica is the most collected and historically admired camera in the world. An aura has developed around the marqueLeica magazines, photo competitions and an independent Leica historical society. Leica has made an art of melding evolutionary technical innovation with graceful design. The contemporary Leica R9 reflects this pedigree. Summary of Camera Strengths The three leading 35mm camerasthe Nikon F6, Canon EOS-1v and Leica R9 are multipurpose, robust instruments that will serve the photographer well in most situations. Ultimate finessing of manual with automatic controls together with exceptional optics in an easy-to-handle instrument of distinguished marque make the Leica R9. The recently updated version of the most accurate and versatile autoexposure system, 3D Color Matrix Metering II, is available with the Nikon F6, which also features unsurpassed autofocus technologies and ultra high-speed operation. Canon stands out with its highly refined telephoto and shift-and-tilt optics, and also excels in ultra high-speed operation. Bill Katzenstein