fx-83GT PLUS fx-85GT PLUS

Users Guide

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Contents

Important Information... 2 Sample Operations... 2 Initializing the Calculator... 2 Safety Precautions... 2 Handling Precautions.. 2 Removing the Hard Case... 3 Turning Power On and Off.. 3 Adjusting Display Contrast.. 3 Key Markings... 3 Reading the Display... 4 Using Menus... 5 Specifying the Calculation Mode.. 5 Configuring the Calculator Setup.. 5 Inputting Expressions and Values... 7 Recurring Decimal Calculations.. 9 Toggling Calculation Results.. 13 Basic Calculations... 14 Prime Factorization... 17 Function Calculations... 18 Statistical Calculations (STAT).. 21 Creating a Number Table from a Function (TABLE). 24 Using VERIFY (VERIF)... 25 Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision... 26 Errors... 28 Before Assuming Malfunction of the Calculator.. 29 Replacing the Battery.. 30 Specifications.. 30 Frequently Asked Questions.. 30

Important Information

The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this Users Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent. The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of this product and items that come with it. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever by any other party arising out of the use of this product and the items that come with it. Be sure to keep all user documentation handy for future reference.

Sample Operations

Sample operations in this manual are indicated by a icon. Unless specifically stated, all sample operations assume that the calculator is in its initial default setup. Use the procedure under Initializing the Calculator to return the calculator to its initial default setup. For information about the , , , and marks that are shown in the sample operations, see Configuring the Calculator Setup.
Initializing the Calculator
Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator and return the calculation mode and setup to their initial default settings. Note that this operation also clears all data currently in calculator memory. (CLR) (All) (Yes)

Safety Precautions

Battery Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. Use only the type of battery specified for this calculator in this manual.

Handling Precautions

Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every two years (R03 (UM-4)), or three years (LR44 (GPA76)). A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator. Do not try using the calculator while the battery is completely dead (fx-85GT PLUS). The battery that comes with the calculator discharges slightly during shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement sooner than the normal expected battery life. Do not use an oxyride battery* or any other type of nickel-based primary battery with this product. Incompatibility between such batteries and product specifications can result in shorter battery life and product malfunction. Avoid use and storage of the calculator in areas subjected to temperature extremes, and large amounts of humidity and dust.

RCL STAT

Important: For some type of calculation that takes a long time to execute, the display may show only the above indicators (without any value) while it performs the calculation internally.

Using Menus

Some of the calculators operations are performed using menus. Pressing or , for example, will display a menu of applicable functions. The following are the operations you should use to navigate between menus. You can select a menu item by pressing the number key that corresponds to the number to its left on the menu screen. The indicator in the upper right corner of a menu means there is another menu below the current one. The indicator means another menu above. Use and to switch between menus. To close a menu without selecting anything, press.
Specifying the Calculation Mode
When you want to perform this type of operation: General calculations Statistical and regression calculations Generation of a number table based on an expression Verify a calculation Perform this key operation: (COMP) (STAT) (TABLE) (VERIF)
Note: The initial default calculation mode is the COMP Mode.
Configuring the Calculator Setup
First perform the following key operation to display the setup menu: (SETUP). Next, use and and the number keys to configure the settings you want. Underlined ( ___ ) settings are initial defaults. MthIO LineIO Specifies the display format. Natural Display (MthIO) causes fractions, irrational numbers, and other expressions to be displayed as they are written on paper. MthIO: Selects MathO or LineO. MathO displays input and calculation results using the same format as they are written on paper. LineO displays input the same way as MathO, but calculation results are displayed in linear format. Linear Display (LineIO) causes fractions and other expressions to be displayed in a single line. Note: The calculator switches to Linear Display automatically whenever you enter the STAT Mode. In this manual, the symbol next to a sample operation indicates Natural Display (MathO), while the symbol indicates Linear Display.

Deg Rad Gra Specifies degrees, radians or grads as the angle unit for value input and calculation result display. Note: In this manual, the symbol next to a sample operation indicates degrees, while the symbol indicates radians. Fix Sci Norm Specifies the number of digits for display of a calculation result. Fix: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of decimal places for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed. Example: = 14.286 (Fix 3) 14.29 (Fix 2) Sci: The value you specify (from 1 to 10) controls the number of significant digits for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed. Example: = 1.(Sci 5) 1.(Sci 4) Norm: Selecting one of the two available settings (Norm 1, Norm 2) determines the range in which results will be displayed in non-exponential format. Outside the specified range, results are displayed using exponential format. Norm 1: 102 |x|, |x| 1010 Norm 2: 109 |x|, |x| 1010 Example: = (Norm 1) 0.005 (Norm 2) ab/c d/c Specifies either mixed fraction (ab/c) or improper fraction (d/c) for display of fractions in calculation results. STAT ON ; OFF Specifies whether or not to display a FREQ (frequency) column in the STAT Mode Stat Editor. Rdec ON ; OFF Specifies whether or not to display calculation results using recurring decimal form. Disp Dot ; Comma Specifies whether to display a dot or a comma for the calculation result decimal point. A dot is always displayed during input. Note: When dot is selected as the decimal point, the separator for multiple results is a comma (,). When comma is selected, the separator is a semicolon (;). CONT Contrast for details. Adjusts display contrast. See Adjusting Display
Initializing Calculator Settings
Perform the following procedure to initialize the calculator, which returns the calculation mode to COMP and returns all other settings, including setup menu settings, to their initial defaults. (CLR) (Setup) (Yes)
Inputting Expressions and Values

Basic Input Rules

Calculations can be input in the same form as they are written. When you press the priority sequence of the input calculation will be evaluated automatically and the result will appear on the display. sin30 (30 + 10 3) = 30 10
*1 Input of the closing parenthesis is required for sin, sinh, and other functions that include parentheses. *2 These multiplication symbols ( ) can be omitted. A multiplication symbol can be omitted when it occurs immediately before an opening parenthesis, immediately before sin or other function that includes parentheses, immediately before the Ran# (random number) function, or immediately before a variable (A, B, C, D, E, F, M, X, Y), or e. 3 operation can be * The closing parenthesis immediately before the omitted. Input example omitting example. *2 and *3 operations in the above 3

Note: If the calculation becomes longer than the screen width during input, the screen will scroll automatically to the right and the indicator will appear on the display. When this happens, you can scroll back to the left by using and to move the cursor. When Linear Display is selected, pressing will cause the cursor to jump to the beginning of the calculation, while will jump to the end. When Natural Display is selected, pressing while the cursor is at the end of the input calculation will cause it to jump to the beginning, while pressing while the cursor is at the beginning will cause it to jump to the end. You can input up to 99 bytes for a calculation. Each numeral, symbol, or function normally uses one byte. Some functions require three to 13 bytes. The cursor will change shape to when there are 10 bytes or less of allowed input remaining. If this happens, end calculation. input and then press
Calculation Priority Sequence
The priority sequence of input calculations is evaluated in accordance with the rules below. When the priority of two expressions is the same, the calculation is performed from left to right. 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Parenthetical expressions Functions that require an argument to the right and a closing parenthesis ) following the argument. Functions that come after the input value (x2, x3, x1, x!, , , r, g, %), powers (x ), roots ( ) Fractions
Negative sign () Note: When squaring a negative value (such as 2), the value being squared must be enclosed in parentheses ( 2 ). Since x2 has a higher priority than the negative sign, inputting 2 would result in the squaring of 2 and then appending a negative sign to the result. Always keep the priority sequence in mind, and enclose negative values in parentheses when required. STAT Mode estimated values ( , ,

6th 7th 8th 9th 10th

Multiplication where the multiplication sign is omitted Permutation (nPr), combination (nCr) Multiplication, division ( , ) Addition, subtraction (+, )
Inputting with Natural Display
Selecting Natural Display makes it possible to input and display fractions and , , , x1, 10 , e , Abs) just as they certain functions (log, x2, x3, x , are written in your textbook. 2+' 2 1+' 2
Important: Certain types of expressions can cause the height of a calculation formula to be greater than one display line. The maximum allowable height of a calculation formula is two display screens (31 dots 2). Further input will become impossible if the height of the calculation you are inputting exceeds the allowable limit. Nesting of functions and parentheses is allowed. Further input will become impossible if you nest too many functions and/or parentheses. If this happens, divide the calculation into multiple parts and calculate each part separately. Note: When you press and obtain a calculation result using Natural Display, part of the expression you input may be cut off. If you need to view the entire input expression again, press and then use and to scroll the input expression.

Using Values and Expressions as Arguments

(Natural Display only)

A value or an expression that you have already input can be used as the 7 , for example, you can make argument of a function. After you have input 6 7. it the argument of , resulting in 6
To input 1 + 7 and then change it to 1 + 6 7

7 ' 6 6

As shown above, the value or expression to the right of the cursor after (INS) are pressed becomes the argument of the function that is specified next. The range encompassed as the argument is everything up to the first open parenthesis to the right, if there is one, or everything up to the first function to the right (sin(30), log2(4), etc.) This capability can be used with the following functions: , , ( ), ( ), ( ), , , ( ),.
Overwrite Input Mode (Linear Display only)
You can select either insert or overwrite as the input mode, but only while Linear Display is selected. In the overwrite mode, text you input replaces the text at the current cursor location. You can toggle between the insert and overwrite modes by performing the operations: (INS). The cursor appears as I in the insert mode and as in the overwrite mode. Note: Natural Display always uses the insert mode, so changing display format from Linear Display to Natural Display will automatically switch to the insert mode.
Correcting and Clearing an Expression
To delete a single character or function: Move the cursor so it is directly to the right of the character or function you want to delete, and then press. In the overwrite mode, move the cursor so it is directly under the character or function you want to delete, and then press. To insert a character or function into a calculation: Use and to move the cursor to the location where you want to insert the character or function and then input it. Be sure always to use the insert mode if Linear Display is selected. To clear all of the calculation you are inputting: Press.
Recurring Decimal Calculations
Your calculator uses a recurring decimal when you input a value. Calculation results also can be displayed using recurring decimal form whenever applicable.
Inputting a Recurring Decimal
When inputting a recurrent decimal, press ( ) before inputting its period (repetend) and then input the period up to the ending value. To input the recurring decimal 0.909090. (0.90), perform the following operation: 0 ( ) 90. Important: If the value starts with an integer part (like: 12.3123123.), do not include the integer part when inputting the period (12.312). Recurring decimal input is possible only when Natural Display is selected. To input 0.33333. (0.3 ) 0
To input 1.428571428571. (1.)

428571

To calculate 1.021 + 2.2 (

) 021 ( ) 312

Calculation result displayed as recurring decimal value:
Note: You can specify up to 14 decimal places for the recurring decimal period. If you input more than 14 decimal places, the value will be treated as a terminating decimal and not a recurring decimal. Recurring decimal value input can be performed regardless of the Rdec setting on the setup menu.
Displaying a Calculation Result as a Recurring Decimal Value
Calculation results that can be displayed as recurring decimal values will be displayed as such when ON is selected for the Rdec setting on the setup menu. Pressing the key will cycle between the available calculation result formats as shown below. Fraction Recurring Decimal
Decimal Value According to Display (Norm, Fix, Sci) Settings Or Decimal Value According to Display (Norm, Fix, Sci) Settings Recurring Decimal Fraction
1 = 0.142857 = 0.1428571429 (Norm 1) 7
Display as recurring decimal:
Decimal value according to Norm 1 setting:
Return to initial display format (fraction):
= 1 = 0.142857 = 0.1428571429 (Norm 1) 7

Display as fraction:

Return to initial display format (Norm 1):
= 0.1428571429 (Norm 1) = 0.142857 = 1 7
Conditions for Displaying a Calculation Result as a Recurring Decimal
If a calculation result satisfies the following conditions, pressing will display it as a recurring decimal value. The total number of digits used in the mixed fraction (including integer, numerator, denominator, and separator symbol) must be no more than 10. The data size of value to be displayed as the recurring decimal must be no larger than 99 bytes. Each value and the decimal point require one byte, and each digit of the period requires one byte. The following, for example, would require of total of 8 bytes (4 bytes for the values, 1 byte for the decimal point, 3 bytes for the period): 0.123 Note: For information about switching the display format of a calculation result when OFF is selected for the Rdec setting on the setup menu, see Toggling Calculation Results.
Recurring Decimal Examples
0.3 + 0.= 0.0 1.6 + 2.8 = 4.2 ( (

)3 ) 45

To confirm the following: 0.123 = 123 , 0.1234 = 1234 , 12345 0.12345 = 99999
Toggling Calculation Results
While Natural Display is selected, each press of will toggle the currently displayed calculation result between its fraction form and decimal form, its form and decimal form, or its form and decimal form. 6 = 1 = 0.( ) 6 (' + 2) 2 2

0.5235987756

' = ' + 2' = 5.' + 2' 6 3

5.913591358

While Linear Display is selected, each press of will toggle the currently displayed calculation result between its decimal form and fraction form. = 0.2 = = 1 = 0.4 5

Ans memory, independent memory, and variable contents are retained even if you press , change the calculation mode, or turn off the calculator. Perform the following procedure when you want to clear the contents of all memories. (CLR) (Memory) (Yes)

Prime Factorization

In the COMP Mode, you can factor a positive integer up to 10 digits into prime factors up to three digits. To perform prime factorization on (FACT) When you perform prime factorization on a value that includes a factor that is prime number with more than three digits, the part that cannot be factored will be enclosed in parentheses on the display. To perform prime factorization on 4104676 (= 22 (FACT) Any one of the following operations will exit prime factorization result display. Pressing (FACT) or. Pressing any of the following keys: or. Using the setup menu to change the angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra) or the display digits setting (Fix, Sci, Norm). Note: You will not be able to execute prime factorization while a decimal value, fraction, or negative value calculation result is displayed. Trying to do so will cause a math error (Math ERROR). You will not be able to execute prime factorization while the result of a calculation that uses Pol, Rec is displayed. 10132)

Function Calculations

For actual operations using each function, see the Examples section following the list below. : is displayed as 3.141592654, but internal calculations. internal calculations. sin, cos, tan, sin1, cos1, tan1 : Trigonometric functions. Specify the angle unit before performing calculations. See 1. sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh1, cosh1, tanh1 : Hyperbolic functions. Input a function from the menu that appears when you press. The angle unit setting does not affect calculations. See 2. , r, g : These functions specify the angle unit. specifies degrees, r radians, and g grads. Input a function from the menu that appears when you perform the following key operation: (DRG ). See 3. , : Exponential functions. Note that the input method is different depending upon whether you are using Natural Display or Linear Display. See 4. log: Logarithmic function. Use the key to input logab as log (a, b). Base key also 10 is the default setting if you do not input anything for a. The can be used for input, but only while Natural Display is selected. In this case, you must input a value for the base. See 5. ln: Natural logarithm to base e. See
= 3.14159265358980 is used for
e : e is displayed as 2.718281828, but e = 2.71828182845904 is used for

x2, x3, x ,

, , , x1 : Powers, power roots, and reciprocals. Note , , and are different depending upon that the input methods for x , whether you are using Natural Display or Linear Display. See 7.

Note: The following functions cannot be input in consecutive sequence: x2, x3, x , x1. If you input 2 , for example, the final will be ignored. To , input 2 , press the key, and then press ( ). input 2 Pol, Rec : Pol converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, while Rec converts polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates. See 8. Pol(x, y) = (r, ) Rec(r, ) = (x, y) Specify the angle unit before performing calculations. The calculation result for r and and for x and y are each assigned respectively to variables X and Y. Calculation result is displayed in the range of 180 180.
Rectangular Coordinates (Rec)

Polar Coordinates (Pol)

x ! : Factorial function. See
Abs : Absolute value function. Note that the input method is different depending upon whether you are using Natural Display or Linear Display. See 10. Ran# : Generates a 3-digit pseudo random number that is less than 1. The result is displayed as a fraction when Natural Display is selected. See 11.
RanInt# : For input of the function of the form RanInt#(a, b), which generates a random integer within the range of a to b. See 12.
nPr, nCr : Permutation (nPr) and combination (nCr) functions. See
Rnd : The argument of this function is made a decimal value and then rounded in accordance with the current number of display digits setting (Norm, Fix, or Sci). With Norm 1 or Norm 2, the argument is rounded off to 10 digits. With Fix and Sci, the argument is rounded off to the specified digit. When Fix 3 is the display digits setting, for example, the result of is displayed as 3.333, while the calculator maintains a value of 3.33333333333333 (15 digits) internally for calculation. In the case of Rnd(103) = 3.333 (with Fix 3), both the displayed value and the calculators internal value become 3.333. Because of this a series of calculations will produce different results depending on whether Rnd is used (Rnd(103) 3 = 9.999) or not used (3 = 10.000). See 14. Note: Using functions can slow down a calculation, which may delay display of the result. Do not perform any subsequent operation while waiting for the calculation result to appear. To interrupt an ongoing calculation before its result appears, press.

Examples

1 sin 30= 0.5 sin10.5 = sinh 1 = 1.175201194 cosh= /2 radians = 90, 50 grads = 45 ( ) 4 To calculate e5 (SETUP) (DRG ) (r) (DRG ) (g) 30 (sin1) 0.5 (sinh) 1 (cosh1) 1

0.1.175201194 0

2 to three significant digits (Sci 3) ( )5 ( )2 (,) 16

2.97102 2.4.50100

5 log101000 = log 1000 = 3 log216 = 4
6 To calculate ln 90 (= loge 90) to three significant digits (Sci 3) (SETUP) 7 1.2 (Sci) 1.( 5 )( ) 3 2

103 = 1200

(1+1) = 16 (52)3 = 32 = 2

2 To calculate ' 3 (= 3' = 4.242640687.) to three decimal 2 places (Fix 3) 3' (SETUP) (Fix) 3

4.243 4.243

8 To convert rectangular coordinates (' , ' ) to polar coordinates (Pol) (Pol) (,) (,) 2 2

r=2, =45 r= 2 = 45

2 To convert polar coordinates (' , 45) to rectangular coordinates (Rec) 9 (5 + 3) ! = |2 7| 2 = (,) 45 (x!)

X=1, Y=117

11 To obtain three random three-digit integers 1000 (Ran#)
(Results shown here are for illustrative purposes only. Actual results will differ.)
12 To generate random integers in the range of 1 to 6 (RanInt) 1 (,) 6
13 To determine the number of permutations and combinations possible when selecting four people from a group of 10 Permutations: Combinations: (nPr) 4 (nCr) 4

5040 210

14 To perform the following calculations when Fix 3 is selected for the number of display digits: 3 and Rnd(10 3) 3 (SETUP) (Fix) (Rnd) 3 3

10.000 9.999

Statistical Calculations (STAT)
To start a statistical calculation, perform the key operation (STAT) to enter the STAT Mode and then use the screen that appears to select the type of calculation you want to perform. To select this type of statistical calculation: (Regression formula shown in parentheses) Press this key: Single-variable (X) Paired-variable (X, Y), linear regression ( y = A + Bx) Paired-variable (X, Y), quadratic regression ( y = A + Bx + Cx2) Paired-variable (X, Y), logarithmic regression ( y = A + Blnx) Paired-variable (X, Y), e exponential regression ( y = AeBx) Paired-variable (X, Y), ab exponential regression ( y = ABx) Paired-variable (X, Y), power regression ( y = AxB) Paired-variable (X, Y), inverse regression ( y = A + B/x) (1-VAR) (A+BX) ( _+CX2) (ln X) (e^X) (AB^X) (AX^B) (1/X)
Pressing any of the above keys ( to ) displays the Stat Editor. Note: When you want to change the calculation type after entering the STAT Mode, perform the key operation (STAT) (Type) to display the calculation type selection screen.

Inputting Data

Use the Stat Editor to input data. Perform the following key operation to display the Stat Editor: (STAT) (Data). The Stat Editor provides 80 rows for data input when there is an X column only, 40 rows when there are X and FREQ columns or X and Y columns, or 26 rows when there are X, Y, and FREQ columns. Note: Use the FREQ (frequency) column to input the quantity (frequency) of identical data items. Display of the FREQ column can be turned on (displayed) or off (not displayed) using the Stat Format setting on the setup menu. 1 To select linear regression and input the following data: (170, 66), (173, 68), (179, 75)

(STAT)

(A+BX)
Important: All data currently input in the Stat Editor is deleted whenever you exit the STAT Mode, switch between the single-variable and a pairedvariable statistical calculation type, or change the Stat Format setting on the setup menu. The following operations are not supported by the Stat Editor: , (M), (STO). Pol, Rec, and multi-statements also cannot be input with the Stat Editor. To change the data in a cell: In the Stat Editor, move the cursor to the cell that contains the data you want to change, input the new data, and then press. To delete a line: In the Stat Editor, move the cursor to the line that you want to delete and then press. To insert a line: In the Stat Editor, move the cursor to the location where you want to insert the line and then perform the following key operation: (STAT) (Edit) (Ins). To delete all Stat Editor contents: In the Stat Editor, perform the following key operation: (STAT) (Edit) (Del-A).

Results: Linear Regression Correlation Coefficient: 0.923 Logarithmic Regression Correlation Coefficient: 0.998 Logarithmic Regression Formula: y = 3857.984 + 2357.532lnx
Calculating Estimated Values
Based on the regression formula obtained by paired-variable statistical calculation, the estimated value of y can be calculated for a given x-value. The corresponding x-value (two values, x1 and x2, in the case of quadratic regression) also can be calculated for a value of y in the regression formula. 4 To determine the estimate value for y when x = 160 in the regression formula produced by logarithmic regression of the data in 3. Specify Fix 3 for the result. (Perform the following operation after completing the operations in 3.) 160 (STAT) (Reg) ( )
Result: 8106.898 Important: Regression coefficient, correlation coefficient, and estimated value calculations can take considerable time when there are a large number of data items.
Creating a Number Table from a Function (TABLE)
TABLE generates a number table for x and f(x) using an input f(x) function. Perform the following steps to generate a number table. 1. Press (TABLE) to enter the TABLE Mode. 2. Input a function in the format f(x), using the X variable. Be sure to input the X variable ( (X)) when generating a number table. Any variable other than X is handled as a constant. Pol and Rec cannot be input in the function. 3. In response to the prompts that appear, input the values you want to use, pressing after each one. For this prompt: Input this: Start? End? Input the lower limit of X (Default = 1). Input the upper limit of X (Default = 5). Note: Make sure that the End value is always greater than the Start value. Input the increment step (Default = 1). Note: The Step specifies by how much the Start value should be sequentially incremented as the number table is generated. If you specify Start = 1 and Step = 1, X sequentially will be assigned the values 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on to generate the number table until the End value is reached.
Inputting the Step value and pressing generates and displays the number table in accordance with the parameters you specified. while the number table screen is displayed will return to Pressing the function input screen in step 2. 1 for the To generate a number table for the function f (x) = x2 + 2 range 1 x 1, incremented in steps of 0.5 (TABLE)

Note: You can use the number table screen for viewing values only. Table contents cannot be edited. The number table generation operation causes the contents of variable X to be changed. Important: The function you input for number table generation is deleted whenever you display the setup menu in the TABLE Mode and switch between Natural Display and Linear Display.

Using VERIFY (VERIF)

VERIFY is a function you can use to verify whether an input equality or inequality is true (indicated by TRUE) or false (indicated by FALSE). The following shows the general procedure for using VERIFY. To verify whether 4' = 12 is true 9 1. Press (VERIF) to enter the VERIFY Mode.
2. Input 4' = 12. 9 (VERIFY) (=)12 You can select the equality symbol or inequality symbol from the menu that appears when you press (VERIFY). 3. To verify, press.
You can input the following expressions for verification in the VERIFY Mode. Equalities or inequalities that include one relational operator 4 = 16, 4 3, 3, 1 + 2 5, (3 6) (2 + 6) 2, etc. Equalities or inequalities that include multiple relational operators 1 + 1, 3 4, 22 = 2 + 2 = 4, 2 + 2 = 4 6, 2 + 3 = + 5 = 8, etc. Note: The verification result will cause 1 to be assigned to Ans memory when TRUE and 0 when FALSE. The input expression can be a total of 99 bytes, including the left side, right side, and relational operators. Any variable (A, B, C, D, E, F, X, Y, M) input into an expression is treated as a value, using the value currently assigned to the variable. Pol and Rec functions cannot be used in an expression. In the VERIFY Mode, the calculator performs a mathematical operation on the input expression and then displays TRUE or FALSE based on the result. Because of this, calculation error can occur or a mathematically correct result may not be able to be displayed when the input calculation expression includes calculation that approaches the singular point or inflection point of a function, or when the input expression contains multiple calculation operations.
Expression Input Precautions

The following types of expressions cause a Syntax ERROR and cannot be verified. An expression with nothing on the left side or right side (Example: = 5' ) 7 An expression in which a relational operator is inside of a fraction or function (Example: 1 = 1 , cos (8 9)) 2 An expression in which a relational operator is enclosed in parentheses (Example: 8 (9 10))
An expression in which multiple relational operators that are not oriented in the same direction (Example: 4) An expression that contains two of the following operators in any combination (Example: 8) An expression that contains consecutive relational operators (Example: 5 9)
VERIFY Mode Calculation Examples
To verify log3 log3 log4 (VERIF) (VERIFY) ( ) (VERIFY) ( ) 4

To verify 0

8 (9 ) ( 8 ) 9 0

(VERIF) (VERIFY) ( ) 8 9

To verify 52 = 25 = 625 (VERIF) 5 (VERIFY) (=) (VERIFY) (=) 625
Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision
The calculation range, number of digits used for internal calculation, and calculation precision depend on the type of calculation you are performing.
Calculation Range and Precision
Calculation Range Number of Digits for Internal Calculation Precision to 9.or digits In general, 1 at the 10th digit for a single calculation. Precision for exponential display is 1 at the least significant digit. Errors are cumulative in the case of consecutive calculations.
Function Calculation Input Ranges and Precision
Functions DEG sinx RAD GRA 0 Input Range

109 1010

157079632.7
DEG cosx RAD GRA DEG tanx sin1x cos1x tan1x sinhx coshx sinh1x cosh1x tanhx tanh1x logx/lnx 10x RAD GRA 0 0

90. /2. 100.

Same as sinx, except when x = (2n1) Same as sinx, except when x = (2n1) Same as sinx, except when x = (2n1) 1 9.999999999 230.2585092 1099

ex x ' x2 x x x!

nPr nCr Pol(x, y) Rec(r, )
x 4.1 x 4.0 x 9.0 x 9.0 x 9.9.x 99.99999999 9.x 230.x x x ; x 0 x 0 x 69 (x is an integer) 0 n 1 1010, 0 r n (n, r are integers) 1 {n!/(nr)!} 1 10100
n 1 1010, 0 r n (n, r are integers) n!/r! or 1 n!/(nr)! 1 10100
x , y 9.x2 + y2 9.999999999 1099
0 9.999999999 : Same as sinx
1 10100; 0 b, c The display seconds value is subject to an error of 1 at the second decimal place. Decimal Sexagesimal Conversions x 999999959 59

Before Assuming Malfunction of the Calculator.
Perform the following steps whenever an error occurs during a calculation or when calculation results are not what you expected. If one step does not correct the problem, move on to the next step. Note that you should make separate copies of important data before performing these steps. 1. Check the calculation expression to make sure that it does not contain any errors. 2. Make sure that you are using the correct mode for the type of calculation you are trying to perform. 3. If the above steps do not correct your problem, press the key. This will cause the calculator to perform a routine that checks whether calculation functions are operating correctly. If the calculator discovers any abnormality, it automatically initializes the calculation mode and clears memory contents. For details about initialized settings, see Configuring the Calculator Setup. 4. Initialize all modes and settings by performing the following operation: (CLR) (Setup) (Yes).

Replacing the Battery

A low battery is indicated by a dim display, even if contrast is adjusted, or by failure of figures to appear on the display immediately after you turn on the calculator. If this happens, replace the battery with a new one. Important: Removing the battery will cause all of the calculators memory contents to be deleted. 1. Press (OFF) to turn off the calculator. 2. Remove the cover as shown in the illustration and replace the battery, taking care that its plus (+) and minus () ends are facing correctly. 3. Replace the cover. 4. Initialize the calculator: (CLR) (All) (Yes) Do not skip the above step!

Screw Screw Screw

fx-83GT PLUS

fx-85GT PLUS

Specifications
Power Requirements: fx-83GT PLUS: AAA-size battery R03 (UM-4) 1 fx-85GT PLUS: Built-in solar cell; button battery LR44 (GPA76) 1 Approximate Battery Life: fx-83GT PLUS: 17,000 hours (continuous display of flashing cursor) fx-85GT PLUS: 3 years (based on one hour of operation per day) Power Consumption: 0.0002 W (fx-83GT PLUS) Operating Temperature: 0C to 40C (32F to 104F) Dimensions: fx-83GT PLUS: 13.8 (H) 80 (W) 162 (D) mm 1 /2 (H) 31/8 (W) 63/8 (D) fx-85GT PLUS: 11.1 (H) 80 (W) 162 (D) mm 3 /8 (H) 31/8 (W) 63/8 (D) Approximate Weight: fx-83GT PLUS: 100 g (3.5 oz) including the battery fx-85GT PLUS: 95 g (3.4 oz) including the battery

Finding means and standard deviations using a typical scientific calculator (Casio fx-83GT PLUS or fx-85GT PLUS)
The operations required to perform statistical calculations on most scientific calculators are similar, although details vary from one type of machine to another. The instructions below relate to a Casio fx-83GT PLUS (and fx-85GT PLUS). A similar procedure will apply in the case of many other Casio calculators, while the same general principles are likely to apply in the case of calculators produced by other manufacturers. 1. Get into STAT (statistical) mode and work with a single variable only
This mode is retained until you next change it, even if the calculator is turned off. Data can either be entered as a string of numbers, or as data value, frequency pairs. 2. 3. Enter data in the STAT Editor screen
To enter data as a list of up to 40 data value, frequency pairs, you need to show the frequency column
Note that you can use this display to enter data as a string of up to 40 numbers. If you want to input a string of between 41 and 80 numbers you need to hide the frequency column before you start entering data

1 = 3 2

Clear the statistical memories (
Enter the first data value; press the equals key (
enter the second data value; press the equals key (
. and so on until all the data values have been entered. If you are using the data value, frequency display you will notice that all the frequencies have been set to 1. To change the frequencies, use the arrow keys to highlight the appropriate entry in the frequency column, then enter the frequency; press the equals key ( =
. and so on until all the frequencies have been entered. 6. Exit the STAT Editor screen ( AC
To find n, the mean and the sample standard deviation, display the STAT menu and select VAR ( Shift 1 4

= displays

displays n,

displays s. 8. To find

, display the STAT menu and select SUM

displays

Notes: Re 5: To check data, use the up and down arrows to scroll through the data. To correct errors, use the up, down, left and right arrows to highlight the value to be corrected, input the new value and press = to replace the old value with the new one. DEL
To delete a line, use the up and down arrows to highlight an entry in the line and press
To insert a line, use the up and down arrows to the line that will be under the line you want to insert. Press Shift 1 to insert a line and then enter the data on
that line in the normal way.