For owners of models not equipped with a Math input/output mode (fx-7400G , fx-9750G ).
The fx-7400G and fx-9750G do not include a Math input/output mode. When performing the calculations in this manual on these models, use the linear input mode. fx-7400G and fx-9750G owners should ignore all explanations in this manual concerned with the Math input/output mode.
The above indicates you should press and then , which will input a symbol. All multiple-key input operations are indicated like this. Key cap markings are shown, followed by the input character or command in parentheses.
This indicates you should first press , use the cursor keys ( , , , ) to select the EQUA mode, and then press. Operations you need to perform to enter a mode from the Main Menu are indicated like this.

Function Keys and Menus

Many of the operations performed by this calculator can be executed by pressing function keys through. The operation assigned to each function key changes according to v
the mode the calculator is in, and current operation assignments are indicated by function menus that appear at the bottom of the display. This Users Guide shows the current operation assigned to a function key in parentheses following the key cap for that key. (Comp), for example, indicates that pressing selects {Comp}, which is also indicated in the function menu. When ( ) is indicated in the function menu for key the next page or previous page of menu options. , it means that pressing displays

Menu Titles

Menu titles in this Users Guide include the key operation required to display the menu being explained. The key operation for a menu that is displayed by pressing and then {LIST} would be shown as: [OPTN]-[LIST]. ( ) key operations to change to another menu page are not shown in menu title key operations.

Command List

The PRGM Mode Command List (page 8-37) provides a graphic flowchart of the various function key menus and shows how to maneuver to the menu of commands you need. Example: The following operation displays Xfct: [VARS]-[FACT]-[Xfct]

E-CON2

This manual does not cover the E-CON2 mode. For more information about the E-CON2 mode, download the E-CON2 manual (English version only) from: http://edu.casio.com.

Contrast Adjustment

Adjust the contrast whenever objects on the display appear dim or difficult to see. 1. Use the cursor keys ( , , , ) to select the SYSTEM icon and press ) to display the contrast adjustment screen. press ( , then

If you continue using the calculator without replacing batteries, power will automatically turn off to protect memory contents. Once this happens, you will not be able to turn power back on, and there is the danger that memory contents will be corrupted or lost entirely. You will not be able to perform data communications operations after the low battery message appears. 1-31
Chapter 2 Manual Calculations 1. Basic Calculations

Arithmetic Calculations

Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, from left to right. Use the key to input the minus sign before a negative value. Calculations are performed internally with a 15-digit mantissa. The result is rounded to a 10digit mantissa before it is displayed. For mixed arithmetic calculations, multiplication and division are given priority over addition and subtraction. Example 56 (12) (2.5) = 268.8 (2 + 3) 102 = + 3 (4 + 5) = 5 key) may be omitted, no 2.*1 Operation

6 = 0.3 45

*1 Final closed parentheses (immediately before operation of the matter how many are required.
Number of Decimal Places, Number of Significant Digits, Normal Display Range [SET UP]- [Display] -[Fix] / [Sci] / [Norm]
Even after you specify the number of decimal places or the number of significant digits, internal calculations are still performed using a 15-digit mantissa, and displayed values are stored with a 10-digit mantissa. Use Rnd of the Numeric Calculation Menu (NUM) (page 2-12) to round the displayed value off to the number of decimal place and significant digit settings. Number of decimal place (Fix) and significant digit (Sci) settings normally remain in effect until you change them or until you change the normal display range (Norm) setting. Example 6 = 16.66666666. Operation decimal places 5 significant digits Cancels specification (SET UP) (Fix) (SET UP) (Sci) (SET UP) (Norm) 6 Display 16.66666667

Condition

*1 16.6667 *1 1.6667E+01

16.66666667

*1 Displayed values are rounded off to the place you specify. 2-1
14 = 400 Operation 14 Display 400 400.Ans 14 28.571 I 400.000
3 decimal places Calculation continues using display capacity of 10 digits

(SET UP) (Fix) 200

If the same calculation is performed using the specified number of digits: 200 The value stored internally is rounded off to the number of decimal places specified on the Setup screen. You can also specify the number of decimal places for rounding of internal values for a specific calculation. (Example: To specify rounding to two decimal places) ( ) ( ) (NUM)* 7 Ans (RndFi) (Ans) 28.571 28.571 I 399.994 28.571 RndFix(Ans,2) 28.570 Ans I 399.980

Number System Display Capacity

Binary 16 digits

Octal 11 digits

Decimal 10 digits

Hexadecimal 8 digits
The alphabetic characters used in the hexadecimal number appear differently on the display to distinguish them from text characters. Normal Text Hexadecimal Values Keys The following are the calculation ranges for each of the number systems. Binary Values Positive: 0 x 111111111111111 Negative: 1000000000000000 Octal Values Positive: 0 A B C D E F

x 1111111111111111

x 17777777777 Negative: 20000000000 x 37777777777

2147483647

Decimal Values Positive: 0 x

Negative: 2147483648

Hexadecimal Values Positive: 0 x 7FFFFFFF Negative: 80000000

x FFFFFFFF

To perform a binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal calculation
[SET UP]-[Mode]-[Dec]/[Hex]/[Bin]/[Oct] 1. In the Main Menu, select RUN MAT (or RUN). 2. Press (SET UP). Move the highlighting to Mode, and then specify the default number system by pressing (Dec), (Hex), (Bin), or (Oct) for the Mode setting. 3. Press to change to the screen for calculation input. This causes a function menu with the following items to appear. {d~o}/{LOG}/{DISP}. {number system specification}/{bitwise operation}/ {decimal/hexadecimal/binary/octal conversion} menu
Selecting a Number System
You can specify decimal, hexadecimal, binary, or octal as the default number system using the Setup screen.
To specify a number system for an input value
You can specify a number system for each individual value you input. Press (d~o) to display a menu of number system symbols. Press the function key that corresponds to the symbol you want to select and then input the value. {d}/{h}/{b}/{o}. {decimal}/{hexadecimal}/{binary}/{octal} 2-34
To input values of mixed number systems
Example To input 12310, when the default number system is hexadecimal (SET UP) Move the highlighting to Mode, and then press (Hex). (d~o) (d)
Negative Values and Bitwise Operations
Press (LOG) to display a menu of negation and bitwise operators. {Neg}. {negation}*1 {Not}/{and}/{or}/{xor}/{xnor}. {NOT}*2/{AND}/{OR}/{XOR}/{XNOR}*3 *1 twos complement *2 ones complement (bitwise complement) *3 bitwise AND, bitwise OR, bitwise XOR, bitwise XNOR

Negative Values

Example To determine the negative of 1100102 (SET UP) Move the highlighting to Mode, and then press (Bin). (LOG) (Neg)
Negative binary, octal, and hexadecimal values are produced by taking the binary twos complement and then returning the result to the original number base. With the decimal number base, negative values are displayed with a minus sign.

m n m (row) n (column) matrix
None no matrix preset {DEL}/{DELA}. deletes {a specific matrix}/{all matrices} {DIM}. {specifies the matrix dimensions (number of cells)}

Creating a Matrix

To create a matrix, you must first define its dimensions (size) in the Matrix Editor. Then you can input values into the matrix.
Example Highlight Mat B. (DIM) (This step can be omitted.) Specify the number of rows. Specify the number of columns. To create a 2-row 3-column matrix in the area named Mat B
All of the cells of a new matrix contain the value 0. Changing the dimensions of a matrix deletes its current contents. If Memory ERROR remains next to the matrix area name after you input the dimensions, it means there is not enough free memory to create the matrix you want.
Example To input the following data into Matrix B: 5 6
(Data is input into the highlighted cell. Each time you press , the highlighting moves to the next cell to the right.) Displayed cell values show positive integers up to six digits, and negative integers up to five digits (one digit used for the negative sign). Exponential values are shown with up to two digits for the exponent. Fractional values are not displayed.

Deleting Matrices

You can delete either a specific matrix or all matrices in memory.
To delete a specific matrix
1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, use delete. 2. Press (DEL). (No) to abort the operation without deleting 3. Press (Yes) to delete the matrix or anything. and to highlight the matrix you want to

To delete all matrices

1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, press (DEL A). (No) to abort the operation without 2. Press (Yes) to delete all matrices in memory or deleting anything.

Matrix Cell Operations

Use the following procedure to prepare a matrix for cell operations. 1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, use and to highlight the name of the matrix you want to use. You can jump to a specific matrix by inputting the letter that corresponds to the matrix name. Inputting (N), for example, jumps to Mat N. Pressing (Ans) jumps to the matrix current memory. 2. Press and the function menu with the following items appears. {R-OP}. {row operation menu} {ROW} {DEL}/{INS}/{ADD}. row {delete}/{insert}/{add} {COL} {DEL}/{INS}/{ADD}. column {delete}/{insert}/{add} {EDIT}. {cell editing screen} All of the following examples use Matrix A.

a22. a2n

am2. amn

Mat [letter A through Z]

= [ [a11, a12,., a1n] [a21, a22,., a2n]. [am1, am2,., amn] ]
To input the following data as Matrix A: ([) (]) (]) (Mat) ([) ([) (]) (A)

Matrix name

The maximum value of both m and n is 999. An error occurs if memory becomes full as you are inputting data. You can also use the above format inside a program that inputs matrix data.
To input an identity matrix
Use the Identity command to create an identity matrix. Example To create a 3 (MAT) ( ) 3 identity matrix as Matrix A ( ) (Mat) (Iden) (A)

[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Iden]

Number of rows/columns
To check the dimensions of a matrix
Use the Dim command to check the dimensions of an existing matrix. Example 1 To check the dimensions of Matrix A (MAT) ( ) (Mat) ( ) (Dim) (A)

[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Dim]

The display shows that Matrix A consists of two rows and three columns. Since the result of the Dim command is list type data, it is stored in ListAns Memory. You can also use {Dim} to specify the dimensions of the matrix. Example 2 To specify dimensions of 2 rows and 3 columns for Matrix B ( ) (MAT) ( ) (Mat) ( ) (B) ( ) (Dim)
You can also use matrix commands to assign values to and recall values from an existing matrix, to fill in all cells of an existing matrix with the same value, to combine two matrices into a single matrix, and to assign the contents of a matrix column to a list file. 2-42
To assign values to and recall values from an existing matrix
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Mat] Use the following format with the Mat command to specify a cell for value assignment and recall. Mat X [m, n] X = matrix name (A through Z, or Ans)
m = row number n = column number
Example 1 To assign 10 to the cell at row 1, column 2 of the following matrix: Matrix A =
(MAT) (A) ( ) Example 2 ( )
Multiply the value in the cell at row 2, column 2 of the above matrix by 5 (MAT) (A) ( ) (Mat) ( )
To fill a matrix with identical values and to combine two matrices into a single matrix [OPTN]-[MAT]-[Fill]/[Aug]
Use the Fill command to fill all the cells of an existing matrix with an identical value and the Augment command to combine two existing matrices into a single matrix. Example 1 To fill all of the cells of Matrix A with the value 3 (MAT) ( ) (Mat) Example 2 ( ) (Mat) (A) (Fill) (A)
To combine the following two matrices: B= A= (MAT) (Mat) (Mat) (Aug) (A) (B)

You can also use

(List) in place of

(List).

Editing List Values

To change a cell value

Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell whose value you want to change. Input the new value and press to replace the old data with the new one.
To edit the contents of a cell
1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell whose contents you want to edit. 2. Press ( ) (EDIT). 3-2 3. Make any changes in the data you want.

To delete a cell

1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell you want to delete. 2. Press up. ( ) (DEL) to delete the selected cell and cause everything below it to be shifted
The cell delete operation does not affect cells in other lists. If the data in the list whose cell you delete is somehow related to the data in neighboring lists, deleting a cell can cause related values to become misaligned.
To delete all cells in a list
Use the following procedure to delete all the data in a list. 1. Use the cursor key to move the highlighting to any cell of the list whose data you want to delete. 2. Pressing ( ) (DEL A) causes a confirmation message to appear. (No) to abort the delete 3. Press (Yes) to delete all the cells in the selected list or operation without deleting anything.

To insert a new cell

1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the location where you want to insert the new cell. 2. Press ( ) (INS) to insert a new cell, which contains a value of 0, causing everything below it to be shifted down. The cell insert operation does not affect cells in other lists. If the data in the list where you insert a cell is somehow related to the data in neighboring lists, inserting a cell can cause related values to become misaligned.

Naming a List

You can assign List 1 through List 26 sub names of up to eight bytes each.

To name a list

1. On the Setup screen, highlight Sub Name and then press (On). 2. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the SUB cell of the list you want to name.
3. Type in the name and then press

Calculating the Root

This feature provides a number of different methods for analyzing graphs. 1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode. 2. Draw the graphs. 3. Select the analysis function. (G-SLV) (ROOT). Calculation of root (MAX). Local maximum value (MIN). Local minimum value 5-30
(Y-ICPT). y-intercept (ISCT). Intersection of two graphs ( ) ( ) ( ) (Y-CAL). y-coordinate for given x-coordinate (X-CAL). x-coordinate for given y-coordinate ( dx). Integral value for a given range
4. When there are multiple graphs on the screen, the selection cursor ( ) is located at the lowest numbered graph. Press and to move the cursor to the graph you want to select. 5. Press to select the graph where the cursor is located and display the value produced by the analysis. When an analysis produces multiple values, press Pressing returns to the previous value. to calculate the next value.
Either of the following can cause poor accuracy or even make it impossible to obtain solutions. - When the graph of the solution obtained is a point of tangency with the x-axis - When a solution is an inflection point
Calculating the Point of Intersection of Two Graphs
Use the following procedure to calculate the point of intersection of two graphs. 1. Draw the graphs. 2. Press (G-SLV) (ISCT). When there are three or more graphs, the selection cursor ( ) appears at the lowest numbered graph. 3. Press 4. Press 5. Press 6. Press and and to move the cursor to the graph you want to select. to. to move the cursor to the second graph. to calculate the next value. to select the first graph, which changes the shape of the cursor from to calculate the point of intersection for the two graphs.
When an analysis produces multiple values, press Pressing returns to the previous value. Example
Graph the two functions shown below, and determine the point of intersection between Y1 and Y2. Y1 = x + 1, Y2 = x2
You can calculate the point of intersection for rectangular coordinate graphs (Y=f(x) type) and inequality graphs (Y f(x), Y f(x), Y f(x) or Y f(x)) only. Either of the following can cause poor accuracy or even make it impossible to obtain solutions. - When a solution is a point of tangency between two graphs - When a solution is an inflection point
Determining the Coordinates for Given Points
The following procedure describes how to determine the y-coordinate for a given x, and the x-coordinate for a given y. 1. Draw the graph. 2. Select the function you want to perform. When there are multiple graphs, the selection cursor ( ) appears at the lowest numbered graph. (G-SLV) ( ) ( ) 3. Use (Y-CAL). y-coordinate for given x (X-CAL). x-coordinate for given y to select it.

ndf ddf

1 + ndf x ddf

(x 6-54

Inverse Cumulative Distribution

tail = Central

tail = Left Student-t Distribution

tail = Right

Distribution (Discrete)
Distribution Binomial Distribution p(x) = nC x p x(1p)n x e x x! Probability (x = 0, 1, , n) n: number of trials

(x = 0, 1, 2, )

: mean (

p(x) = p(1 p)x 1

(x = 1, 2, 3, )
p(x) = Hypergeometric Distribution

N MC n x NC n

n: Number of elements extracted from population (0 x integer) M: Number of elements contained in attribute A (0 M integer) N: Number of population elements (n N, M N integer)
Cumulative Distribution Inverse Cumulative Distribution
Distribution Binomial Distribution
Geometric Distribution Hypergeometric Distribution
The fx-7400G is not equipped with the TVM mode.
1. Before Performing Financial Calculations
From the Main Menu, enter the TVM mode and display the Financial screen like the one shown below. Financial 1 screen Financial 2 screen
{SMPL} {simple interest} {CMPD} {compound interest} {CASH} {cash flow (investment appraisal)} {AMT} {amortization} {CNVT} {interest rate conversion} {COST} {cost, selling price, margin} {DAYS} {day/date calculations} {DEPR} {depreciation calculations} {BOND} {bond calculations}

Setup Items

Payment
{BGN}/{END} Specifies {beginning of the period}/{end of the period} payment

Date Mode

{365}/{360} Specifies calculation according to a {365-day}/{360-day} year
Periods/YR. (payment interval specification)
{Annu}/{Semi} {annual}/{semiannual} Note the following points regarding Setup screen settings whenever using the TVM mode. The following graph Setup screen settings are all turned off for graphing in the TVM mode: Axes, Grid, Dual Screen. Drawing a financial graph while the Label item is turned on, displays the label CASH for the vertical axis (deposits, withdrawals), and TIME for the horizontal axis (frequency).

Graphing in the TVM Mode

After performing a financial calculation, you can use below. (GRPH) to graph the results as shown

After drawing a graph, you can press results along the graph. Press
to return to the parameter input screen.
4. Cash Flow (Investment Appraisal)
This calculator uses the discounted cash flow (DCF) method to perform investment appraisal by totalling cash flow for a fixed period. This calculator can perform the following four types of investment appraisal. Net present value (NPV) Net future value (NFV) Internal rate of return (IRR) Payback period (PBP) A cash flow diagram like the one shown below helps to visualize the movement of funds.

CF2 CF3 CF4

CF7 CF6

CF1 CF0

With this graph, the initial investment amount is represented by CF0. The cash flow one year later is shown by CF1, two years later by CF2, and so on. 7-5
Investment appraisal can be used to clearly determine whether an investment is realizing profits that were originally targeted.

NPV = CF0 +

n: natural number up to 254 NFV
CF1 CF2 CF3 CFn + + ++ (1+ i) (1+ i) (1+ i) (1+ i)n

I% 100

NFV = NPV

(1 + i )n

0 = CF0 +
CF2 CF3 CFn CF1 + + ++ (1 + i ) (1 + i ) (1 + i ) (1 + i )n
In this formula, NPV = 0, and the value of IRR is equivalent to i 100. It should be noted, however, that minute fractional values tend to accumulate during the subsequent calculations performed automatically by the calculator, so NPV never actually reaches exactly zero. IRR becomes more accurate the closer that NPV approaches to zero.

0.. (CF0 > 0)

NPVn. (Other than those above) n NPVn+1 NPVn

NPVn =

CFk (1 + i)k
n: smallest positive integer that satisfies the conditions NPVn 0, NPVn+1 0, or 0
Press Flow. (CASH) from the Financial 1 screen to display the following input screen for Cash (CASH)

I%. interest rate

Csh. list for cash flow
If you have not yet input data into a list, press
( LIST) and input data into a list.
After configuring the parameters, use one of the function menus noted below to perform the corresponding calculation. {NPV} {net present value} {IRR} {internal rate of return} {PBP} {payback period} {NFV} {net future value} { LIST} {inputs data into a list} {LIST} {specifies a list for data input} 7-6

5. Amortization

This calculator can be used to calculate the principal and interest portion of a monthly installment, the remaining principal, and amount of principal and interest repaid up to any point.
a 1 payment c b 1. PM1. PM2.. Last Number of Payments
a: interest portion of installment PM1 ( ) b: principal portion of installment PM1 (PRN) c: balance of principal after installment PM2 (BAL)

Input the month, day, and year, pressing

after each.

After configuring the parameters, use one of the function menus noted below to perform the corresponding calculation. {PRD} {number of days from d1 to d2 (d2 d1)} {d1+D} {d1 plus a number of days (d1 + D)} {d1D} {d1 minus a number of days (d1 D)} An error (Ma ERROR) occurs if parameters are not configured correctly. Use the following function menu to maneuver between calculation result screens. {REPT} {parameter input screen} The Setup screen can be used to specify either a 365-day or 360-day year for financial calculations. Day/date calculations are also performed in accordance with the current setting for number of days in the year, but the following calculations cannot be performed when the 360-day year is set. Attempting to do so causes an error. (Date) + (Number of Days) (Date) (Number of Days) The allowable calculation range is January 1, 1901 to December 31, 2099.
360-day Date Mode Calculations
The following describes how calculations are processed when 360 is specified for the Date Mode item in the Setup screen. If d1 is day 31 of a month, d1 is treated as day 30 of that month is used. If d2 is day 31 of a month, d2 is treated as day 1 of the following month, unless d1 is day 30. 7-11

9. Depreciation

Depreciation lets you calculate the amount that a business expense can be offset by income (depreciated) over a given year. This calculator supports the following four types of depreciation calculations. straight-line (SL), fixed-percentage (FP), sum-of-the-years-digits (SYD), or declining-balance (DB). Any one of the above methods can be used to calculate depreciation for a specified period. A table and graph of the depreciated amount and undepreciated amount in year j.
Straight-Line Method (SL)
SL1 = (PVFV ) {Y1} n 12 (PVFV ) SLj = n (PVFV ) 12{Y1} SLn+1 = n 12 ({Y1} 12)

SLj n PV FV j

depreciation charge for the jth year useful life original cost (basis) residual book value year for calculation of depreciation cost Y1 : number of months in the first year of depreciation : : : : :
Fixed-Percentage Method (FP)
FP1 = PV I% 100 {Y1} 12 I% ) 100

PlotPhase

(Not included on the fx-7400GII)
Function: Graphs a phase plot based on numeric sequences that correspond to the x-axis and y-axis. Syntax: PlotPhase <x-axis numeric sequence name>, <y-axis numeric sequence name> Description: Only the following commands can be input for each argument to specify the recursion table.
an, bn, cn, an+1, bn+1, cn+1, an+2, bn+2, cn+2, an, bn, cn, an+1, bn+1, cn+1, an+2, bn+2, cn+2
A memory ERROR occurs if you specify a numeric sequence name that does not have values stored in the recursion table. Example: PlotPhase bn+1, an+1 Graphs a phase plot using bn+1 for the x-axis and an+1 for the y-axis.
Input/Output Commands (I/O)
Getkey Function: This command returns the code that corresponds to the last key pressed. Syntax: Getkey Description: This command returns the code that corresponds to the last key pressed.
A value of zero is returned if no key was pressed previous to executing this command. This command can be used inside of a loop.
Locate Function: This command displays alpha-numeric characters at a specific location on the text screen. Syntax: Locate <column number>, <line number>, <value> Locate <column number>, <line number>, <numeric expression> Locate <column number>, <line number>, "<string>" [Example] Locate 1, 1, "AB" Parameters: line number: number from 1 to 7 column number: number from 1 to 21 value and numeric expression string: character string Description: This command displays values (including variable contents) or text at a specific location on the text screen. If there is a calculation input, that calculation result is displayed. The line is designated by a value from 1 to 7, while the column is designated by a value from 1 to 21. (1, 1) (21, 1)

(1, 7)

(21, 7)
Example: Cls Locate 7, 1, "CASIO FX" This program displays the text CASIO FX in the center of the screen. In some cases, the ClrText command should be executed before running the above program. Receive( / Send( Function: This command receives data from and sends data to a connected device. Syntax: Receive(<data>) / Send(<data>) Description: This command receives data from and sends data to a connected device. The following types of data can be received (sent) by this command. Individual values assigned to variables Matrix data (all values - individual values cannot be specified) List data (all values - individual values cannot be specified) OpenComport38k / CloseComport38k Function: Opens and closes the 3-pin COM port (serial). Description: See the Receive38k/Send38k command below.
Receive38k / Send38k Function: Executes data send and receive at a data rate of 38 kbps. Syntax: Send38k <expression> Receive38k Description: The OpenComport38k command must be executed before this command is executed. The CloseComport38k command must be executed after this command is executed. If this command is executed when the communication cable is not connected, program execution will continue without generating an error. <variable name> <list name>

Student- t Distribution

tPD(: Returns the Student-t probability density (p value) for the specified data. Syntax: tPD(x, df [)] A single value or a list can be specified for x. Calculation result p is assigned to variables p and Ans (ListAns when x is a list). tCD(: Returns the Student-t cumulative distribution (p value) for the specified data. Syntax: tCD(Lower,Upper,df [)] Single values or lists can be specified for Lower and Upper. Calculation results p, tLow, and tUp are assigned respectively to variables p, tLow, and tUp. Calculation result p also is assigned to Ans (ListAns when Lower and Upper are lists). InvTCD(: Returns the inverse Student-t cumulative distribution (Lower value) for the specified p value. Syntax: InvTCD(p,df [)] A single value or a list can be specified for p. The Lower value is assigned to the xInv and Ans variables (ListAns when p is a list).
ChiPD(: Returns the Syntax: ChiPD(x,df [)]
probability density (p value) for the specified data.
A single value or a list can be specified for x. Calculation result p is assigned to variables p and Ans (ListAns when x is a list). ChiCD(: Returns the
cumulative distribution (p value) for the specified data.
Syntax: ChiCD(Lower,Upper,df [)] Single values or lists can be specified for Lower and Upper. Calculation result p is assigned to variables p and Ans (ListAns when Lower and Upper are lists). InvChiCD(: Returns the inverse value. Syntax: InvChiCD(p,df [)] A single value or a list can be specified for p. The Lower value is assigned to the xInv and Ans variables (ListAns when p is a list).
cumulative distribution (Lower value) for the specified p

F Distribution

FPD(: Returns the F probability density (p value) for the specified data. Syntax: FPD(x,ndf,ddf [)] A single value or a list can be specified for x. Calculation result p is assigned to variables p and Ans (ListAns when x is a list). FCD(: Returns the F cumulative distribution (p value) for the specified data. Syntax: FCD(Lower,Upper,ndf,ddf [)] Single values or lists can be specified for Lower and Upper. Calculation result p is assigned to variables p and Ans (ListAns when Lower and Upper are lists). 8-30

To input a number sequence automatically based on a function expression
1. Move the cell cursor to the cell where you want number sequence input to start. Under initial default settings, automatic input of the number sequence will proceed downwards from the start cell. You can specify a different direction using the Move setting as described on page 1-29. 2. Press (EDIT) (SEQ) to display the Sequence screen, and then specify the function expression and values required to generate the required number sequence. You can input data for the item that is highlighted on the screen. Reference name of the cell selected in step 1

Item Expr Var Start

Description Input the function expression f(x) for generating the number sequence. Example: (X) (X2 + 1) Input the variable name used in the function expression input for Expr. Example: (X) (X) Input the starting value (X1) of the value to be substituted for the variable specified by Var. Example: Input the ending value (Xn) of the value to be substituted for the variable specified by Var. Example: Input the increment value (m) for successive value of X1, as in: (X2 = X1 + m), (X3 = X2 + m), and so on. The number sequence is generated in the range of X1 + (n 1) m Xn. Example: Input the reference name (A1, B2, etc.) of the cell where you want the first value of the number sequence to be input. Specify a cell here only if the starting cell is different from the one you specified in step 1 of this procedure. Example: (B) (B1)

1st Cell

Each time you press after inputting data for a setting item, the highlighting will move to the next setting item. You also can use and to move the highlighting upwards and downwards as required. Performing the next step will input the number string automatically starting from the specified cell. If any cell that is within the range of cells where the number sequence values will be input already contains data, the existing data will be replaced with the number sequence values. 3. After inputting data for all the setting items, press sequence generation and input. (EXE) or the key to start number
Inputting Text into a Cell
To input text, make sure the first thing you input into the cell is (). The quote mark (") tells the calculator that what follows is text, and should be displayed as-is without calculation. The quote mark (") is not displayed as part of the text.

fx-95MS fx-100MS fx-115MS (fx-912MS) fx-570MS fx-991MS

User's Guide

kfx-912MS owners
Please be sure to read the important notice of this manual.
http://world.casio.com/edu_e/
CASIO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Unit 6, 1000 North Circular Road, London NW2 7JD, U.K.
Removing and Replacing the Calculators Cover
Before starting..1 Holding the cover as shown in the illustration, slide the unit out of the cover. After you are finished..2 Holding the cover as shown in the illustration, slide the unit out of the cover. Always slide the keyboard end of the unit into the cover first. Never slide the display end of the unit into the cover.

Safety Precautions

Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator. Keep this manual handy for later reference.

Caution

This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored.

Batteries

After removing the battery from the calculator, put it in a safe place where it will not get into the hands of small children and accidentally swallowed. Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If accidentally swallowed, consult with a physician immediately. Never charge batteries, try to take batteries apart, or allow batteries to become shorted. Never expose batteries to direct heat or dispose of them by incineration. Misuse of batteries can cause them to leak and damage nearby items, and can create the risk of fire and personal injury. Always make sure that the batterys positive k and negative l ends are facing correctly when you load it into the calculator. Remove the battery if you do not plan to use the calculator for a long time (fx-95MS/100MS/570MS). Use only the type of battery specified for this calculator in this manual.
Disposing of the Calculator
Never dispose of the calculator by burning it. Doing so can cause certain components to suddenly burst, creating the risk of fire and personal injury. The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this Users Guide are for illustrative purposes 2
only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent. The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against the use of these materials by any other party.

Handling Precautions

Be sure to press the 5 key before using the calculator for the first time. Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every three years for the fx115MS/fx-570MS/fx-991MS, or at least once every two years for the fx-95MS/fx-100MS. A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator. The battery that comes with this unit discharges slightly during shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement sooner than the normal expected battery life. Low battery power can cause memory contents to become corrupted or lost completely. Always keep written records of all important data. Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to temperature extremes. Very low temperatures can cause slow display response, total failure of the display, and shortening of battery life. Also avoid leaving the calculator in direct sunlight, near a window, near a heater or anywhere else it might be exposed to very high temperatures. Heat can cause discoloration or deformation of the calculators case, and damage to internal circuitry. 3
Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to large amounts of humidity and dust. Take care never to leave the calculator where it might be splashed by water or exposed to large amounts of humidity or dust. Such conditions can damage internal circuitry. Never drop the calculator or otherwise subject it to strong impact. Never twist or bend the calculator. Avoid carrying the calculator in the pocket of your trousers or other tight-fitting clothing where it might be subjected to twisting or bending. Never try to take the calculator apart. Never press the keys of the calculator with a ballpoint pen or other pointed object. Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator. If the calculator becomes very dirty, wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a weak solution of water and a mild neutral household detergent. Wring out all excess moisture before wiping the calculator. Never use thinner, benzene or other volatile agents to clean the calculator. Doing so can remove printed markings and can damage the case.

COMP SD REG EQN
Pressing the F key more than twice displays additional setup screens. Setup screens are described in the sections of this manual where they are actually used to change the calculator setup. In this manual, the name of the mode you need to enter in order to perform the calculations being described is indicated in the main title of each section.

Example:

Equation Calculations
To return the calculation mode and setup to the initial defaults shown below, press A B 2(Mode) =. Calculation Mode: Angle Unit: Exponential Display Format: Fraction Display Format: Decimal Point Character: COMP Deg Norm 1 a b/c Dot
Mode indicators appear in the upper part of the display. Be sure to check the current calculation mode (SD, REG, COMP) and angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra) before beginning a calculation.

k Input Capacity

The memory area used for calculation input can hold 79 steps. One step is taken up each time you press a number key or arithmetic operator key ( +, ,, -, \ ). A A or p key operation does not take up a step, so inputting A D, for example, takes up only one step. You can input up to 79 steps for a single calculation. Whenever you input the 73rd step of any calculation, the cursor changes from _ to k to let you know memory is running low. If you need to input more than 79 steps, you should divide your calculation into two or more parts. Pressing the g key recalls the last result obtained, which you can use in a subsequent calculation. See Answer Memory for more information about using the g key.
k Making Corrections During Input
Use e and r to move the cursor to the location you want. Press [ to delete the number or function at the current cursor position. Press A K to change to an insert cursor t. Inputting something while the insert cursor is on the display inserts the input at the insert cursor position. Pressing A K, or = returns to the normal cursor from the insert cursor.

k Replay Function

Every time you perform a calculation, the replay function stores the calculation formula and its result in replay memory. Pressing the [ key displays the formula and result of the calculation you last performed. Pressing [ again back steps sequentially (new-to-old) through past calculations. Pressing the e or r key while a replay memory calculation is on the display changes to the editing screen. Pressing the e or r key immediately after you finish a calculation displays the editing screen for that calculation. Pressing t does not clear replay memory, so you can recall the last calculation even after you press t. Replay memory capacity is 128 bytes for storage of both expressions and results. Replay memory is cleared by any of the following actions. When you press the 5 key When you initialize modes and settings by pressing A B 2 (or 3) =. When you change from one calculation mode to another When you turn off the calculator.

k Error Locator

Pressing r or e after an error occurs displays the calculation with the cursor positioned at the location where the error occurred. 9

k Multi-statements

A multi-statement is an expression that is made up of two or more smaller expressions, which are joined using a colon ( : ). Example: To add 2 + 3 and then multiply the result by 4 2+3p\g-4=
k Exponential Display Formats
This calculator can display up to 10 digits. Larger values are automatically displayed using exponential notation. In the case of decimal values, you can select between two formats that determine at what point exponential notation is used. To change the exponential display format, press the F key a number of times until you reach the exponential display format setup screen shown below.

F i x Sc i No r m

Press 3. On the format selection screen that appears, press 1 to select Norm 1 or 2 for Norm 2.

u Norm 1

With Norm 1, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than two decimal places.

u Norm 2

With Norm 2, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than nine decimal places. All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using the Norm 1 format.
k Decimal Point and Separator Symbols
You can use the display setup (Disp) screen to specify the symbols you want for the decimal point and 3-digit separator. To change the decimal point and separator symbol setting, press the F key a number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below.
Display the selection screen. fx-95MS: 1r Other Models: 1 r r Press the number key ( 1 or 2) that corresponds to the setting you want to use.
1(Dot): Period decimal point, comma separator 2(Comma): Comma decimal point, period separator
k Initializing the Calculator
Perform the following key operation when you want to initialize the calculation mode and setup, and clear replay memory and variables.

A B 3(All) =

Basic Calculations
k Arithmetic Calculations
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform basic calculations. COMP... F 1 Negative values inside of calculations must be enclosed within parentheses. sin 1.23 S R D 1.23 T 11
It is not necessary to enclose a negative exponent within parentheses. sin 2.S 2.34 e D 5 Example 1: 3(5109) 1.5108 3-5eD9= Example 2: 5(97) 80 5-R9+7T= You can skip all T operations before =.

k Consecutive Calculations
You can use the calculation result that is currently on the display (and also stored in Answer Memory) as the first value of your next calculation. Note that pressing an operator key while a result is displayed causes the displayed value to change to Ans, indicating it is the value that is currently stored in Answer Memory. The result of a calculation can also be used with a subsequent Type A function (x2, x3, x1, x!, DRG'), +, , ^(xy), x , , , nPr and nCr.

k Independent Memory

Values can be input directly into memory, added to memory, or subtracted from memory. Independent memory is convenient for calculating cumulative totals. Independent memory uses the same memory area as variable M. To clear independent memory (M), input 0 A j 3 (M+). Example: ) 90 (Total) 23 + 9 A j 3 (M+) 53 , 6 | 45 - 2 A {

k Variables

There are nine variables (A through F, M, X and Y), which can be used to store data, constants, results, and other values. Use the following operation to delete data assigned to a 17
particular variable: 0 A j 1. This operation deletes the data assigned to variable A. Perform the following key operation when you want to clear the values assigned to all of the variables.

A B 1(Mcl) =

Example: 193.8.4 193.6.9 193.2 A j 1 \ 23 =

p 1 \ 28 =

Scientific Function Calculations
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform basic arithmetic calculations. COMP... F 1 Certain types of calculations may take a long time to complete. Wait for the result to appear on the display before starting the next calculation. = 3.14159265359
k Trigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric Functions
To change the default angle unit (degrees, radians, grads), press the F key a number of times until you reach the angle unit setup screen shown below.

Deg Rad G r a

Press the number key ( 1, 2, or 3 ) that corresponds to the angle unit you want to use. (90 =

radians = 100 grads) 18

Example 1: sin 63 52o41 0.897859012
q.. 1(Deg) S 63 I 52 I 41 I =

Example 2: cos

rad 0.5 3

q.. 2(Rad) WRAx\3T=

Example 3 : cos1

2 (rad) 0.25 (rad) 2 4

q.. 2 (Rad) AVRL2\2T=g\Ax=
Example 4: tan1 0.741 36.53844577

q.. 1(Deg) A g 0.741 =

k Hyperbolic/Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
Example 1: sinh 3.6 18.28545536 Example 2: sinh4.094622224

M S 3.6 = M A j 30 =

k Common and Natural Logarithms/ Antilogarithms
Example 1: log 1.23 0.089905111
R 1.23 = T 90 = TpP= A U 10 = A Q 1.5 =
Example 2: In 90 (= loge 90) = 4.49980967 ln e 1 Example 3: e10 22026.46579 Example 4: 10 31.6227766

Example 5: 19

k Square Roots, Cube Roots, Roots, Squares, Cubes, Reciprocals, Factorials, Random Numbers, , and Permutation/Combination

Example 1:

5 5.287196909

L2+L3-L5=

Example 2: 1.290024053

A D 5 + A D R D 27 T =

Example 3:
123 ( = ) 1.A H 123 = 123 + 30 K = 12 N * =
Example 4: 1023 Example 5: 123 1728
* A N in the case of fx-570MS/fx-991MS. 1 Example 6: 4 R3a,4aTa= Example 7: 8! 40320 8Af=
Example 8: To generate a random number between 0.000 and 0.999

Example 9: 3 9.424777961

0.66400
(The above value is a sample only. Results differ each time.)
Example 10: To determine how many different 4-digit values can be produced using the numbers 1 through 7 Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same 4-digit value (1234 is allowed, but 1123 is not). (840) 7Am4= Example 11: To determine how many different 4-member groups can be organized in a group of 10 individuals (210) 10 n* 4 = 20
* A n in the case of fx-100MS/fx-115MS/fx-570MS/ fx-991MS.

k Angle Unit Conversion

Press A v to display the following menu.
Pressing 1, 2, or 3 converts the displayed value to the corresponding angle unit. Example: To convert 4.25 radians to degrees

q.. 1(Deg)

4.25 A v 2(R) =

4. 25 r

243.5070629
k Coordinate Conversion (Pol (x, y), Rec (r, ))
Calculation results are automatically assigned to variables E and F. Example 1: To convert polar coordinates (r2, 60) to rectangular coordinates (x, y) (Deg) x1 y 1.732050808

A F 2 P 60 T = 0o

Press 0 n to display the value of x, or 0 o to display the value of y. Example 2: To convert rectangular coordinates (1, 3) to polar coordinates (r,) (Rad) r2 f* 1 P L 3 T = * A f in the case of fx-100MS/fx-115MS/fx-570MS/ fx-991MS.

1.047197551

Press 0 n to display the value of r, or 0 o to display the value of. 21
k Engineering Notation Calculations
Example 1: To convert 56,088 meters to kilometers 56.3 (km) 81.3 (mg) 56088 = J

Example 2: To convert 0.08125 grams to milligrams 0.08125 = J
The EQN Mode lets you solve equations up to three degrees and simultaneous linear equations with up to three unknowns. Use the F key to enter the EQN Mode when you want to solve an equation. EQN. F F 1 (fx-95MS) F F F 1 (Other Models)
k Quadratic and Cubic Equations
Quadratic Equation: ax2 + bx + c = 0 Cubic Equation: ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 Entering the EQN Mode and pressing r displays the initial quadratic/cubic equation screen.

Deg r ee?

Use this screen to specify 2 (quadratic) or 3 (cubic) as the degree of the equation, and input values for each of the coefficients.
Coefficient name Arrow indicates direction you should scroll to view other elements.

Element value

Any time until you input a value for the final coefficient (c for a quadratic equation, d for a cubic equation), you can use the [ and ] keys to move between coefficients on the screen and make changes, if you want. Note that you cannot input complex numbers for coefficients. Calculation starts and one of the solutions appears as soon as you input a value for the final coefficient.
Variable name Arrow indicates direction you should scroll to view other solutions.

Solution

Press the ] key to view other solutions. Use [ and ] to scroll between all of the solutions for the equation. Pressing the t key at this point returns to the coefficient input screen. Certain coefficients can cause calculation to take more time. Example 1: To solve the equation x3 2x2 x + 2 = 0 ( x = 2, 1, 1) (Degree?) 3 (a?) (b?) (c?) (d?) (x1 = 2) (x2 = 1) (x3 = 1) If a result is a complex number, the real part of the first solution appears first. This is indicated by the RI symbol on the display. Press A r to toggle the display between the real part and imaginary part of a solution. 23 1= D2= D1= 2= ] ]

0.75 i

Example 2: To solve the equation 8x2 4x + 5 = 0 ( x = 0.25 0.75 i) (Degree?) (a?) (b?) (c?) (x1 = 0.25 + 0.75i) (x2 = 0.25 0.75i) 2 8= D4= 5= ]

k Simultaneous Equations

Simultaneous Linear Equations with Two Unknowns: a1x + b1y = c1 a2x + b2y = c2 Simultaneous Linear Equations with Three Unknowns: a1x + b1y + c1z = d1 a2x + b2y + c2z = d2 a3x + b3y + c3z = d3 Entering the EQN Mode displays the initial simultaneous equation screen.

Coefficient name

Unk now ns?
Use this screen to specify 2 or 3 as the number of unknowns, and input values for each of the coefficients.

Arrow indicates direction you should scroll to view other elements.
Any time until you input a value for the final coefficient (c2 for two unknowns, d3 for three unknowns), you can use the [ and ] keys to move between coefficients on the screen and make changes, if you want. Note that you cannot input complex numbers for coefficients. Calculation starts and one of the solutions appears as soon as you input a value for the final coefficient.
Press the ] key to view other solutions. Use [ and ] to scroll between all of the solutions for the equation. Pressing the t key at this point returns to the coefficient input screen. Example: To solve the following simultaneous equations 2x + 3y z = 15 3x 2y + 2z = 4 5x + 3y 4z = 9 ( x = 2, y = 5, z = 4) (Unknowns?) (a1?). (d1?) (a2?). (d2?) (a3?). (d3?) (x = 2) (y = 5) (z = 4) = 3 = D1 = 15 = 3=D2=2=4= 5=3=D4=9=

Statistical Calculations

Standard Deviation

SD REG SD

Use the F key to enter the SD Mode when you want to perform statistical calculations using standard deviation. SD. F 2 (fx-95MS) F F 1 (Other Models) Always start data input with A B 1 (Scl) = to clear statistical memory. Input data using the key sequence shown below. <x-data> S Input data is used to calculate values for n, x, x2, o, n and n-1, which you can recall using the key operations noted nearby.
To recall this type of value: Perform this key operation:

x2 x n o n n-1

AU1 AU2 AU3 AX1 AX2 AX3
Example: To calculate n1, n, o, n, x, and x2 for the following data : 55, 54, 51, 55, 53, 53, 54, 52 In the SD Mode: A B 1 (Scl) = (Stat clear) 55 S
Each time you press S to register your input, the number of data input up to that point is indicated on the display (n value).
54 S 51 S 55 S 53 S S 54 S 52 S
Sample Standard Deviation (n1) = 1.407885953
Population Standard Deviation (n) = 1.316956719 Arithmetic Mean (o) = 53.375 Number of Data (n) = 8 Sum of Values (x) = 427 Sum of Squares of Values (x 2 ) = 22805

AX2= AX1= AU3= AU2= AU1=

Data Input Precautions S S inputs the same data twice.
You can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G. To input the data 110 ten times, for example, press 110 A G 10 S. You can perform the above key operations in any order, and not necessarily that shown above. While inputting data or after inputting data is complete, you can use the [ and ] keys to scroll through data you have input. If you input multiple entries of the same data using A G to specify the data frequency (number of data items) as described above, scrolling through data shows both the data item and a separate screen for the data frequency (Freq). You can then edit the displayed data, if you want. Input the new value and then press the = key to replace the old value with the new one. This also means that if you want to perform some other operation (calculation, recall of statistical calculation results, etc.), you should always press the t key first to exit data display. Pressing the S key instead of = after changing a value on the display registers the value you input as a new data item, and leaves the old value as it is. You can delete a data value displayed using [ and ] by pressing A U. Deleting a data value causes all values following it to be shifted up. Data values you register are normally stored in calculator memory. The message Data Full appears and you will not be able to input any more data if there is no memory left for data storage. If this happens, press the = key to display the screen shown below.

Ed i t OFF ESC

Press 2 to exit data input without registering the value you just input. Press 1 if you want to register the value you just input, without saving it in memory. If you do this, however, you will not be able to display or edit any of the data you have input. To delete data you have just input, press A U. After inputting statistical data in the SD Mode or REG Mode, you will be unable to display or edit individual data items any longer after perform either the following operations. Changing to another mode Changing the regression type (Lin, Log, Exp, Pwr, Inv, Quad)

Regression Calculations

Use the F key to enter the REG Mode when you want to perform statistical calculations using regression. REG.. F 3 (fx-95MS) F F 2 (Other Models) Entering the REG Mode displays screens like the ones shown below.

L i n Log Ex p

I nv Quad
Press the number key ( 1, 2, or 3) that corresponds to the type of regression you want to use.
1 (Lin) : Linear regression 2 (Log) : Logarithmic regression 3 (Exp) : Exponential regression r 1 (Pwr) : Power regression r 2 (Inv) : Inverse regression r 3 (Quad) : Quadratic regression
Always start data input with A B 1 (Scl) = to clear statistical memory. Input data using the key sequence shown below. <x-data> P <y-data> S The values produced by a regression calculation depend on the values input, and results can be recalled using the key operations shown in the table below.
x2 x n y2 y xy o xn xn-1 p yn yn-1
Regression coefficient A Regression coefficient B Regression calculation other than quadratic regression Correlation coefficient r
AU1 AU2 AU3 AUr1 AUr2 AUr3 AX1 AX2 AX3 AXr1 AXr2 AXr3 AXrr1 AXrr2

AXrr3 AXrrr1 AXrrr2

The following table shows the key operations you should use to recall results in the case of quadratic regression.

x3 x2y x4

Regression coefficient C

m1 m2 n

AUrr1 AUrr2 AUrr3 AXrr3 AXrrr1 AXrrr2 AXrrr3
The values in the above tables can be used inside of expressions the same way you use variables.

16 A X r r r 3 = 20 A X r r r 1 = 20 A X r r r 2 =

Data Input Precautions

S S inputs the same data twice. You can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G. To input the data 20 and 30 five times, for example, press 20 P 30 A G 5 S. The above results can be obtained in any order, and not necessarily that shown above. Precautions when editing data input for standard deviation also apply for regression calculations.

Technical Information

k When you have a problem.
If calculation results are not what you expect or if an error occurs, perform the following steps. 1. Press A B 2(Mode) = to initialize all modes and settings. 2. Check the formula you are working with to confirm it is correct. 3. Enter the correct mode and try performing the calculation again. If the above steps do not correct the problem, press the 5 key. The calculator performs a self-check operation and deletes all data stored in memory if any abnormality is detected. Make sure you always keep written copies of all important data.

k Error Messages

The calculator is locked up while an error message is on 32
the display. Press t to clear the error, or press e or r to display the calculation and correct the problem. See Error Locator for details.

Math ERROR

Causes Calculation result is outside the allowable calculation range. An attempt to perform a function calculation using a value that exceeds the allowable input range. An attempt to perform an illogical operation (division by zero, etc.) Action Check your input values and make sure they are all within the allowable ranges. Pay special attention to values in any memory areas you are using.

Stack ERROR

Cause The capacity of the numeric stack or operator stack is exceeded. Action Simplify the calculation. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the operator stack has 24 levels. Divide your calculation into two or more separate parts.

Syntax ERROR

Cause An attempt to perform an illegal mathematical operation. Action Press e or r to display the calculation with the cursor located at the location of the error and make required corrections.

Arg ERROR

Cause Improper use of an argument 33
Action Press e or r to display the location of the cause of the error and make required corrections.

k Order of Operations

Calculations are performed in the following order of precedence. 1 Coordinate transformation: Pol (x, y), Rec (r, ) Differentials: d/dx* Integrations: dx* Normal distribution: P(*, Q(*, R(* 2 Type A functions: With these functions, the value is entered and then the function key is pressed. x3, x2, x1, x!, Engineering symbols* Normal distribution: t * m, m1, m2, n Angle unit conversions (DRG') Metric conversions** 3 Powers and roots: ^ (xy), x 4 a b/c 5 Abbreviated multiplication format in front of , e (natural logarithm base), memory name, or variable name: 2, 3e, 5A, A, etc. 6 Type B functions: With these functions, the function key is pressed and then the value is entered. 3 , , log, In, ex, 10x, sin, cos, tan, sin1, cos1, tan1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh1, cosh1, tanh1, () d*, h*, b*, o*, Neg*, Not*, Det**, Trn**, arg*, Abs*, Conjg* 7 Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type B functions: 2 3, Alog2, etc. 8 Permutation and combination: nPr, nCr * 9 Dot ()** 0 , ! , @ and* # xnor*, xor*, or* 34

* fx-100MS/fx-115MS/fx-570MS/fx-991MS only. ** fx-570MS/fx-991MS only. Operations of the same precedence are performed from right to left. exIn 120 ex{In( 120)} Other operations are performed from left to right. Operations enclosed in parentheses are performed first. When a calculation contains an argument that is a negative number, the negative number must be enclosed within parentheses. The negative sign () is treated as a Type B function, so particular care is required when the calculation includes a high-priority Type A function, or power or root operations. Example: ( 2)4 = = 16

k Stacks

This calculator uses memory areas, called stacks, to temporarily store values (numeric stack) and commands (command stack) according to their precedence during calculations. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels. A stack error (Stack ERROR) occurs whenever you try to perform a calculation that is so complex that the capacity of a stack is exceeded. Matrix calculations use up to two levels of the matrix stack. Squaring a matrix, cubing a matrix, or inverting a matrix uses one stack level. (fx-570MS, fx-991MS only) Example:

Numeric Stack 5 4

Command Stack
Calculations are performed in sequence according to Order of Operations. Commands and values are deleted from the stack as the calculation is performed.

k Input Ranges

Internal digits: 12 Accuracy*: As a rule, accuracy is 1 at the 10th digit. Functions sinx Input Range DEG 0 x 4.4999999991010 RAD 0 x 785398163.3 GRA 0 x 4.9999999991010 cosx DEG 0 x 4.5000000081010 RAD 0 x 785398164.9 GRA 0 x 5.0000000091010 tanx DEG Same as sinx, except when x= (2n-1)90. RAD Same as sinx, except when x= (2n-1)/2. GRA Same as sinx, except when x= (2n-1)100. sin1x cos1x tan x

0 x x 9.x 230.2585092

sinhx coshx
sinh1x 0 x 4.9999999991099 cosh1x 1 x 4.9999999991099 tanhx

0 x 9.9999999991099

tanh x 0 x 9.999999999101 logx/lnx 0 x 9.9999999991099 10x 9.9999999991099 x 99.99999999 9.9999999991099 x 230.2585092

Functions

Input Range 0 x x x ; x G 0 x 0 x 69 (x is an integer) 0 n 11010, 0 r n (n, r are integers) 1 {n!/(nr)!} n 11010, 0 r n (n, r are integers) 1 [n!/{r!(nr)!}] 110100

x x2 1/x 3 x x!

49 Pol(x, y) x, y 9.99999999910 (x2+y2) 9.Rec(r, ) 0 r 9.99999999910 : Same as sinx a, b, c 110100 0 b, c x110100 Decimal Sexagesimal Conversions 000 x 99999959 x0: 110100ylogx100 ^(xy) x0: yx0: yn, 2n+1 (n is an integer) However: 110100 ylogx100

y0: x G 0

1101001/x logy100 y0: xy0: x2n1, n (n G 0; n is an integer) However: 110100 1/x logy100 Total of integer, numerator, and denominator must be 10 digits or less (including division marks). x 11050 y 11050 n 110100 xn, yn, o, p : n G 0 xn1, yn1, A, B, r : n G 0, 1 37

SD (REG)

* For a single calculation, calculation error is 1 at the 10th digit. (In the case of exponential display, calculation error is 1 at the last significant digit.) Errors are cumulative in the case of consecutive calculations, which can also cause them to become large. (This is also true of internal consecutive calculations that are performed x 3 in the case of ^(x y), y , x!, , nPr, nCr, etc.) In the vicinity of a functions singular point and point of inflection, errors are cumulative and may become large.

Power Supply

(fx-95MS only)
Users of other models should refer to the Users Guide 2 (Additional Functions). This calculator is powered by a single AA-size battery.

Replacing the Battery

Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures become dim.
To replace the battery 1 Press A i to turn power off. Screw
2 Remove the six screws that hold the back cover in place and then remove the back cover. 3 Remove the old battery. 4 Load a new battery into the unit with its positive k and negative l ends facing correctly. 5 Replace the back cover and secure it in place with the six screws. 6 Press 5 to turn power on. 38

u Auto Power Off

Calculator power automatically turns off if you do not perform any operation for about six minutes. When this happens, press 5 to turn power back on.

Specifications

Users of other models should refer to the Users Guide 2 (Additional Functions). Power Supply: Single AA-size battery (R6P (SUM-3)) Battery Life: Approximately 17,000 hours continuous display of flashing cursor. Approximately 2 years when left with power turned off. 19.5 (H) i 78 (W) i 155 (D) mm 3/4 (H) 31/16 (W) 61/8 (D) 130 g (4.6 oz) including battery

Dimensions: Weight:

Power Consumption: 0.0002 W Operating Temperature: 0C to 40C (32F to 104F)

Important notice for fx-912MS owners
The names fx-912MS (Japan domestic model name) and fx-115MS (international model name) apply to the same model. Owners of the fx-912MS should refer to the description of fx-115MS. 39

CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.

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