General Guide

Turning on or off
To turn the calculator on, press [ ON ] ; To turn the calculator off, press [ 2nd ] [ OFF ].

Battery replacement

SRP-285II is dual power system which is powered by one alkaline battery (GP76A) and a solar cell. If the display becomes dim and difficult to read (especially when lighting is dim ), the batteries should be replaced as soon as possible. To replace batteries : 1) Remove the screws and the back cover. 2) Replace the old batteries and install new ones with polarity in correct directions, then secure the screws in place and press [ ON ] to turn the power on.

Auto power-off function

This calculator automatically turns it off when not operated for approximately 9~15 minutes. It can be reactivated by pressing [ ON ] key and the display, memory, settings are retained.

Reset operation

If the calculator is on but you get unexpected results, press [ 2nd ] [ RESET ] in sequence. A message appears on the display to confirm whether you want to reset the calculator and clear memory contents. RESET : N Y ] to clear all variables, Move the cursor to Y by [ ], then press [ programs, pending operations, statistical data, answers, all previous entries, and memory; To abort the reset operation without clearing the calculator, please choose N . If the calculator is lock and further key operations becomes impossible, please press [ 0 ] [ DMS ] at the same time to release the condition. It will return all settings to default settings.

Contrast adjustment

Pressing the [ ] or [ ] following [ MODE ] key can make the contrast of the screen lighter or darker. Holding either key down will make the display become respectively lighter or darker.

Display readout

The display comprises the entry line, the result line, and indicators. E-1

Indicator Entry line

Indicator Result line

Entry line

SRP-285II displays an entry of up to 76 digits. Entries begin on the left ; those with more than 11 digits scroll to the left. Press [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor through an entry. Press [ 2nd ] [ ] or [ 2nd ] [ ] to move the cursor immediately to the beginning or end of the entry.
Result line It displays a result of up to 10 digits, as well as a decimal, a negative sign, a x10 indicator, and a 2-digits positive or negative exponent. Results that exceed the digit limit are displayed in scientific notation. Indicators The following indicators appear on the display to indicate you the current status of the calculator. Indicator Meaning M Independent memory Result is negative 2nd 2nd set of function keys is active. MODE Mode selection is active MAIN Main mode is active STAT Statistics mode is active Base-n Base-n mode is active Variable linear equation mode is active VLE QE Quadratic equation mode is active CPLX Complex number mode is active DEGRAD Angle mode : DEGrees, GRADs, or RADs ENGSCI ENGineering or SCIentific notation. TAB Number of decimal places displayed is fixed HYP Hyperbolic-trig function will be calculated BUSY While an operation is executing There are digits to the left or right of the display There are earlier or later results that can be displayed
Before starting calculation

Changing a mode

Pressing [ MODE ] can enter mode menus. You can choose one of six operating modes, including 0)MAIN , 1)STAT , 2)Base-n , 3)CPLX , 4)VLE , 5)QE. Give 2)Base-n as an example : Method 1 : Method 2 : Scroll through the menus using [ ] or [ ] until 2)Base-n is shown, then enter the desired mode by pressing [ ]. Key in directly the number of the mode, [ 2 ] , to enter the desired mode immediately. E-2
Selecting an item from display menus
Many functions and settings are available on menus. A menu is a list of options displayed across the entry line. Give Pressing [ DRG ] key displays the menu for choosing the angle setting under MAIN mode as an example : Method : Press [ DRG ] to display the menu, and then move the cursor [ ] or [ ] to an item you want. Press [ ] while the item is underlined.
] while For menu items followed by an argument value, you can press [ the item is underlined or enter directly the corresponding argument value.

Using 2nd keys

To execute the functions marked in yellow, please press [ 2nd ] and then the corresponding key. When you press [ 2nd ], the 2nd indicator shown in the display is to tell you that you will be selecting the second function of the next key you press. If you press [ 2nd ] by mistake, simply press [ 2nd ] again to remove the 2nd indicator.

Cursor

Pressing [ ] or [ ] key can move the cursor to the left or the right. Hold down any of those keys to move the cursor at high speed. Pressing [ ] or [ ] can scroll the display up or down while there are previous entries hidden the display. You can reuse or edit a previous entry when it is on the entry line.
Making corrections during input
To delete a character at the cursor, make the character underlined by using [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor, and then press [ DEL ] to delete the character. To replace a character, make the character underlined by using [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor, and then enter a new entry to replace the character. To insert a character, move the cursor to the position of the character where you want to insert, it will be inserted in the front of the character after pressing [ 2nd ] [ INS ] and entering a new character. (Note) : The blinking cursor means the calculator is in insert mode On the contrary, the blinking cursor is displayed as _ and it means the calculator is in overwrite mode. To clear all characters, clear all input character by [ CL ] key.

Replay function

This function stores the latest operation executed. After execution is completed, pressing [ ] or [ ] key will display the operation from the beginning or the end. You can continue moving the cursor by [ ] or [ ] to E-3
edit it. To delete a digit, press [ DEL ]. ( or, in overwrite mode, just type over the digit). See Example 1. The replay function can keep input digits up to 254 characters for SRP285II. After execution is completed or during entering, you can press either [ ] or [ ] to display previous input steps and edit values or commands for subsequent execution. See Example 2. (Note) : The replay function isnt cleared even when [ CL ] is pressed or power is turned off, so contents can be recalled even after [ CL ] is pressed. However, replay function is cleared when mode is switched.
Error position display function
When a mathematically illegal calculation is performed, error position display function will tell you with the cursor where the error is. Press [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor and then give it a correct entry. You can also clear an error by pressing [ CL ] and then re-entered the values and expression from the beginning. See Example 3.

Memory calculation

Press [ M+ ] to add a result to running memory. Press [ 2nd ] [ M ] to subtract the value from running memory. To recall the value in running memory, press [ MRC ]. To clear running memory, press [ MRC ] twice. See Example 4. The calculator has ten memory variables for repeated use : A, B, C, X, Y, M, X1, X2, PROG1 and PROG2. You can store a real number in variables A, B, C, X, Y, M, X1, X2 and two expressions in PROG1 and PROG2. See Example 5. * * * * * [ P/V RCL ] recalls all variables. [ SAVE ] lets you store values to variables. [ 2nd ] [ RECALL ] recalls the value of variable. [ 2nd ] [ CL-VAR ] clears all variables except PROG1, PROG2. [ 2nd ] [ CL-PROG ] clears the contents of PROG1, PROG2.

(Note) : Besides pressing [ SAVE ] key to store a value, you can also assign values to memory variable M by [ M+ ] or [ 2nd ] [ M ]. However, anything currently stored in variable M will be deleted and replaced it with the newly assigned value.

Order of operations

Each calculation is performed in the following order of precedence : 1) 2) Expression inside parentheses. Coordinates transformation, and Type B functions which are required pressing the function key before entering, for example, sin, cos, tan, E-4

3) 4) 5) 6)

7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14)
sin 1, cos 1, tan 1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh 1, cosh 1, tanh 1, log, ln, NEG, NOT, X ( ), Y ( ). 10 X , e X, Type A functions which are required entering values before pressing the function key, for example, x 2, , !, x 1, %, r, g. Exponentiation ( ),x Fractions Abbreviated multiplication format in front of variables, , RANDM, RANDMI. () Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type B functions , Alog2, etc. nPr, nCr x, +, AND, NAND OR, XOR, XNOR Conversion (A b/c d/e, F D, DMS) When functions with the same priority are used in series, execution is performed from right to left. e X ln120 e X { ln (120 ) } otherwise, execution is from left to right. Compound functions are executed from right to left. Anything contained within parentheses receives the highest priority.

Accuracy and Capacity

Output digits : Up to 10 digits. Calculating digits : Up to 24 digits In general, every reasonable calculation is displayed up to 10 digits mantissa, or 10-digits mantissa plus 2-digits exponent up to 10 99. Numbers used as input must be within the range of the given function as follow : Functions sin x, cos x, tan x Input range Deg | x | < 4.5 x deg Rad | x | 2.5 x rad Grad | x | 5 x grad however, for tan x Deg | x | 90 (2n+1) Rad | x | (2n+1) Grad | x | sin -1 x, cos -1 x tan -1 x |x| |x| x 10 100
100 (2n+1) ( n is an integer)
sinh x, cosh x tanh x sinh -1 x cosh -1 x tanh -1 x log x, ln x 10 x ex x2 x 1 x! P ( x, y )
| x | 230.2585092 | x | 1 x | x | 5 x 1 x < 5 x |x| x 10 - 99 x < 1 x -1 x < x < 100 -1 x x 230.|x| 0
x < 1 x 1 x 10 100, X 0 x

| x | 1 x 10 50

69 , x is an integer.

< 1 x 10 100

r <1 x 10 100

DMS xy

Deg | | 4.5 x deg Rad | | 2.5 x rad Grad | | 5 x grad, however, for tan x Deg | | 90 (2n+1) Rad | | (2n+1) Grad | | 100 (2n+1) (n is an integer) | DD | , MM, SS.SS < 1 x 10 100, 0 MM, SS.SS , | x | x x < y log x < 100 x=0 y>0 x < 0 y = n, 1/(2n+1), n is an integer. but -1 x < log | x | 100

y 0 : x 0, 1 x < log y 100 y=0 x 0 y < 0 x = 2n+1, I/n, n is an integer.(n 0) but 1 x < nPr, nCr STAT 0 r log | y | 100
n, n < 10 100, n, r are integers.
| x | 1x| y | 1x1 -VAR : n 40, 2 -VAR : n 40 FREQ. = n, 0 n < : n is an integer in 1VAR mode._ _ x y, x, y, a, b, r : n 0 Sx, Sy :n 0,1

Base-n

DEC : 2147483648 x 2147483647 BIN : 10000000000000000000000000000000 x 11111111111111111111111111111111 (for negative) 0 x 01111111111111111111111111111111 (for zero, positive) OCT : 20000000000 x 37777777777 (for negative) 0 x 17777777777 (for zero or positive) HEX : 80000000 x FFFFFFFF(for negative) 0 x 7FFFFFFF (for zero or positive)

Error conditions

Error message will appear on the display and further calculation becomes impossible when any of the following conditions occur. DOMAIN Er (1) When specifying an argument to a function outside the valid range. (2) FREQ value ( in 1-VAR stats) < 0 or non-integer. (3) When USL value < LSL value You attempted to divide by 0.

DIVIDE BY O

OVERFLOW Er When result of function calculations exceeds the range specified. STAT Er SYNTAX Er When in MAIN,CPLX,VLE,or QE mode, press [ DATA ] or [ STATVAR ]. (1) Input errors are made. (2) When improper arguments are used in commands or functions that require arguments. There is no solution or infinite to the simultaneous equation under VLE mode.

NO SOL MULTI SOLS

NO REAL SOL There is no real solution to quadratic equation under QE mode. LENGTH Er OUT OF SPEC An entry exceeds 84 digits after implied multiplication with auto-correction.
You input a negative CPU or CPL value , where x LSL C PU = USL x , C PL = To release the above errors, please press [ CL ] key.

Mode 0 - MAIN

Arithmetic calculation
Arithmetic operations are performed by pressing the keys in the same sequence as in the expression. See Example 6. For negative values, press [ () ] before entering the value. See Example 7. For mixed arithmetic operations, multiplication and division are given priority over addition and subtraction. See Example 8. Results greater than 1010 or less than are displayed in exponential form. See Example 9.

Display formats

Answer function

Answer function stores the most recently calculated result. It is retained even after the power is turned off. Once a numeric value or numeric expression is entered and [ ] is pressed, the result is stored by this function. See Example 24. (Note) : Even if execution of a calculation results in an error, however, Answer memory retains its current value.
Logarithms and Antilogarithms
The calculator can calculate common and natural logarithms and antilogarithms using [ LOG ], [ LN ], [ 2nd ] [ 10 x ], and [ 2nd ] [ e x ]. See Example 25~27.

Fraction calculation

Fraction value display is as follow : 12 Display of 5 12
5 Display of To enter a mixed number, enter the integer part, press [ A b/c ], enter the numerator, press [ A b/c ], and enter the denominator ; To enter an improper fraction, enter the numerator, press [ A b/c ], and enter the denominator. See Example 28. E-9
During a fraction calculation, if the figure is reducible, a figure is reduced to the lowest terms after pressing a function command key ( [ + ], [ ], ] key. By pressing [ 2nd ] [ A b/c d/e ], the displayed [ x ] or [ ] ) or the [ value will be converted to the improper fraction and vice versa. See Example 29. To convert between a decimal and fractional result, press [ 2nd ] ]. See Example 30. [ F D ] and [ Calculations containing both fractions and decimals are calculated in decimal format. See Example 31.

Angle units conversion

The angle units (DEG, RAD, GRAD) is set by pressing [ DRG ] to display the angle menu. The relation among the three angle units is : 180 = rad = 200 grad Angle conversions ( See Example 32.) : 1. Change the default angle settings to the units you want to convert to. 2. Enter the value of the unit to convert. 3. Press [ DMS ] to display the menu. The units you can select are (degrees), (minutes), (seconds), r (radians), g (gradians) or DMS (Degree-Minutes-Seconds). 4. Choose the units you are converting from. 5. Press [ ] twice. To convert an angle to DMS notation, select DMS , which converts an entry to DMS notations, i.e., where 1O 30 I 0 II represents 1 degrees, 30 minutes, 0 seconds. See Example 33. To convert a DMS notation to decimal, select (degrees), (minutes), (seconds). See Example 34.
Trigonometric / Inverse-Tri. functions
SRP-285II provides standard trigonometric functions and inverse trigonometric functions - sin, cos, tan, sin 1, cos 1 and tan 1. See Example 35~37. (Note) : When using those keys, make sure the calculator is set for the angle unit you want.

Hyperbolic / Inverse-Hyp. functions
SRP-285II uses [ 2nd ] [ HYP ] to calculate the hyperbolic functions and inverse- hyperbolic functions - sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh 1, cosh 1 and tanh 1. See Example 38~39. E - 10
(Note) : When using those keys, make sure the calculator is set for the angle unit you want.
Coordinates transformation
Pressing [ 2nd ] [ R P ] displays a menu to convert rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates or vice versa. See Example 40~41. Rectangular Coordinates

Y y 0 x P( x, y ) X

Polar Coordinates

Y ) r 0

x + y i= r (cos

+ i sin

P( r,
(Note) : When using those key, make sure the calculator is set for the angle unit you want.

Probability

Pressing [ PRB ] displays the probability menu. See Example 42~46. With the following functions : nPr Calculates the number of possible permutations of n item taken r at a time. nCr Calculates the number of possible combinations of n items taken r at a time. ! Calculates the factorial of a specified positive integer n , where n 69. RANDM Generates a random number between 0 and 1. RANDMI Generates a random integer value between two specified integers, A and B e

Other functions ( x1,

,x 2, )
The calculator also provides reciprocal ( [ x 1 ] ), square root ] ), universal root [ X ([ ], square ( [ x 2 ] ) and exponentiation ( [ ] ) functions. See Example 47~50.

Unit Conversion

The calculators has a built-in unit conversion feature that enables you to convert numbers from metric to English units and vice versa. See Example 51. 1. 2. Enter the number you want to convert. Press [ 2nd ] [ CONV ] to display the menu. There are 7 menus, covering distance, area, temperature, capacity, weight, energy, and pressure. E - 11
Use the [ ] [ ] to scroll through the list of units until a appropriate units menu is shown, then [ ]. Pressing [ ] or [ ] can convert the number to another unit.

Physics constants

You can use a number physics constants in your calculations. With the following constants : Symbol c g G Vm NA e me mp h k R F mn Meaning Speed of light Acceleration of gravity Gravitational constant molar volume of ideal gas Avagadros number Elementary charge Electron mass Proton mass Planks constant Boltzmanns constant Gas constant Faraday constant Neutron constant Atomic mass constant Dielectric permittivity 0 Magnetic permittivity Flux quantum Bohr radius Bohr magneton Neutron magnetic moment Value 299792458 m / s 9.80665 m.s 2 6.6725985 x N.m 2 kg2 0.0224141 m 3 mol 1 6.022136736 x mol 1 1.602177335 x C 9.109389754 x kg 1.67262311 x kg 6.62607554 x J.s 1.38065812 x 10 23J.K 1 8.3145107 J / mol k 96485.30929 C / mol 1.67492861 x kg 1.66054021 x kg 8.854187818 x F / m 0.000001257 H / m 2.067834616 x Vs 5.2917724924 x 10 11m 9.274015431 x A m2 5.050786617 x 10 27J / T

B N 1. 2. 3.

To insert a constant at the cursor position ( See Example 52. ) : Press [ CONST ] to display the physics constants menu. Press [ ] until the constant you want is underlined. ]. Press [

Mode 1 - STAT

There are three menu operation in statistics menu : 1 -VAR ( for analyzing data in a single dataset), 2 - VAR ( for analyzing paired data from two datasets ) and D- CL ( for clearing all datasets).
Single-Variable / Two-variable statistics
Step : 1. From the statistics menu, choose 1 -VAR or 2 - VAR and press [ ]. E - 12
Press [ DATA ] and there are three menu : DATA-INPUT, LIMIT-SET, DISTR. Please choose DATA-INPUT and press [ ]. 3. Enter an x - value and press [ ]. 4. Enter the frequency ( FREQ ) of the x - value (in 1 -VAR mode) or the corresponding y - value ( in 2 - VAR mode ) and press [ ]. 5. To enter more data, repeat from step 3. 6. Press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out statistical variables you want. (See table below) Variable Meaning 2. n _ _ x or y Xmax or Ymax Xmin or Ymin Sx or Sy Number of the x values or x-y pairs entered. Mean of the x values or y values Maximum of the x values or y values Minimum of the x values or y values Sample standard deviation of x values or y values. ( y y ) 2 ( x x )2 , Sy = Sx = n 1 n 1 Population standard deviation of x values or y values

x or x 2 or xy

( y y )2 ( x x )2 , y = n n Sum of all x values or y values Sum of all x 2 values or y 2 values Sum of (x x y) for all x-y pairs

Process capability

Step : (See Example 53~54) 1. Press [ DATA ] and there are three menu : DATA-INPUT, LIMIT-SET, DISTR. Please choose LIMIT-SET and press [ ]. 2. Enter a upper spec. limit value ( X USL or Y LSL), then press [ ]. 3. Enter a lower spec. limit value ( X LSL or Y LSL ), then press [ ]. 4. Enter the datasets you want under DATA-INPUT mode. 5. Press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out process capability variables you want. (See table below) Variable Meaning Cax or Cay Capability accuracy of the x values or y values
, Cpx or Cpy Potential capability precision of the x values or y values, , E - 13
Cpkx or Cpky Minimum (CPU, CPL) of the x values or y values, where CPU is upper spec. limit of capability precision and CPL is lower spec. limit of capability precision C pkx = Min (C PUX, CPLX) = Cpx(1Cax) Cpky = Min (CPUY, CPLY) = Cpy(1Cay) (Note) : When calculating process capability in 2 - VAR mode, the x n and y n are independent with each other.

Probability distribution

Step : (See Example 55) 1. Based on the datasets in 1-VAR mode, press [ DATA ] and there are three menu : DATA-INPUT, LIMIT-SET, DISTR. Please choose DISTR and press [ ]. 2. Enter a a x value, then press [ ]. 3. Press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out probability distribution variables you want. (See table below) Variable t P(t) R(t) Test value Represent the cumulative fraction of the standard normal distribution that is less than the value t Represent the cumulative fraction of the standard normal distribution that lies between the value t and 0. R(t)=1P(t) Represent the cumulative fraction of the standard normal distribution that is greater than the value t Q(t)=| 0.5R(t) | Meaning

Linear regression

Step : (See Example 56) 1. Based on the datasets in 2 - VAR mode, press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out a, b, or r. 2. To predict a value for x (or y) given a value for y (or x), select the x ], enter the given value, and press (or y ) variable, press [ [ ] again. (See table below) Variable Meaning a b r Linear regression y-intercept
y b x n Linear regression slope (n xy x y) b= Correlation coefficient (n x2 ( x) 2 ) a=

E - 14

( n xy x y ) ( n x 2 ( x ) 2 )( n y 2 ( y ) 2 )
Predicted x values given a, b, and y vales ya x'= b Predicted y value given a, b, and x value.

y ' = a + bx

Correcting data
Step : (See Example 57) 1. Press [ DATA ]. 2. To change x - values or the frequency of the x - value in 1 - VAR mode ( or the corresponding y - value in 2 - VAR mode ), please choose DATA-INPUT. To change upper spec. limit value, or lower spec. limit value, please choose LIMIT-SET. To change ax, please choose DISTR. 3. Press [ ] to scroll through the data you have entered. 4. To change an entry, display it and enter the new data. The new data ] to save the you enter overwrites the old entry. Press [ ] or [ change. (Note) : Even you exit STAT mode, all data in 1 - VAR and 2 - VAR mode are still retained unless you clear all data by selecting D-CL mode.

Mode 2 - Base-n

Bases conversions
The number system (10, 16, 2 , 8 ) is set by pressing [ 2nd ] [ dhbo] to display the menu, making one of the items underlined followed [ ]. A corresponding symbol - d , h, b, o appears on the display. (The default setting is d : decimal base). See Example 58. (Note) : The total range of numbers handled in this mode is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, /A, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF. If values not valid for the particular number system are used, attach the corresponding designator (d, h, b, o), or an error message will appear. Binary base ( b ) : 0, 1 Octal base ( o ) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Decimal base ( d ) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Hexadecimal base ( h ) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, /A, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF ] can use block function to display a result in octal or binary Pressing [ base which exceeds 8 digits. The system is designed to display up to 4 blocks. See Example 59. E - 15

Negative expressions

In binary, octal, and hexadecimal bases, the calculator represents negative numbers using complement notation. The complement is the result of subtracting that number from 10000000000 in that numbers base by pressing [ NEG ] key in non-decimal bases. See Example 60.

Basic arithmetic operations for bases
The unit enables you to calculate in number base other than decimal. The calculator can add, subtract, multiply, and divide binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers. See Example 61.

Logical operation

Logical operations are performed through logical products (AND), negative logical (NAND), logical sums (OR), exclusive logical sums (XOR), negation (NOT), and negation of exclusive logical sums (XNOR). See Example 62.

Mode 3 - CPLX

Complex mode enables you to add, subtract, multiply, and divide complex numbers. See Example 63. The results of a complex operation are displayed as follow : Re Real value ab Absolute value Im Imaginary value ar Argument value

Mode 4 - VLE

Variable linear equations (VLE) mode can solve a set of simultaneous equations with two unknowns as follows : ax+by=c d x + e y = f, where x and y are unknown. In VLE mode, you just enter each coefficient ( a, b, c, d, e, f ) in the correct order, and the calculator automatically solves for x, y. See Example 64.

Mode 5 - QE

Quadratic equations (QE) mode can solve a equations as follows : a x 2 + b x + c = 0, where x is unknown. In QE mode, you just enter each coefficient ( a, b, c ) in the correct order, and the calculator automatically solves for all x values. See Example 65.

E - 16

Example Example 1
Change 123 x 456 as 12 x [ x ] 456 [ ]

MAIN DEG

56088. [ ][ ][ ] [ DEL ]

[ ][ ][ ]7

12 457_ [ ]

12 457

Example 2
After executing 1+ 2, 3 + 4, 5 + 6, use replay function to recall 1[+]2[ ]3[+]4[ ]5[+]6[ ]

5+6 11. [ ]

5+6 [ ]

3+4 [ ]

Example 3
[ 0 x 2.3 mistakenly input instead of 14 ] 0 [ x ] 2.3 [ ] 10 x 2.3

DIVIDE BY 0. After 5 Sec

14 / 0 2.3 [ ] [ 2nd ] [ INS ] 1 [ ]

14 / 10 2.3

Example 4
[( 3 x 5 ) + ( ) ( x 7 )] = 5

3 [ x ] 5 [ M+ ]

[ ] 7 [ M+ ]

M MAIN DEG

56 / 7 8.

[ MRC ] [

M 2 3.

MAIN M DEG

74 [ ] 8 [ x ] 7 [ 2nd ] [ M ]

7 [ MRC ] [ ]

[ MRC ] [ MRC ] [ CL ]

Example 5

Put the value 30 into variable A [ 2nd ] [ CL-VAR ] 30 [ SAVE ]

A B C X [ ]

30 Multiple 5 to variable A, then put the result into variable B 5 [ x ] [ 2nd ] [ RECALL ]

A B C X Y 30. [ ][ ]

[ SAVE ] [ ][ ]
Ans Add 3 to variable B [ P/V RCL ] [ ]

B 150.

ABCDXY 150. [ ][+]3

B+3 [ ]

B+3 153.
To clear the contents of all variables [ 2nd ] [ CL-VAR ] [ P/V RCL ]
A B C X Y Set PROG1 = 3 X + 5 Y 3 [ P/V RCL ] [ ][ ][ ]
A B C X Y [ ] [ + ] 5 [ P/V RCL ] [ ] [ ][ ][ ]

l n ( 7 )+ l o g ( 1 3.945910149

Example 26

= 100 [ 2nd ] [ 10 x ] 2 [ ]

10 ^ ( 2 ) 100.

Example 27
= 0.006737947 [ 2nd ] [ e x ] [ ( ) ] 5 [ ]

e^(5) 0.006737947

Example 28

+ = 21

7 [ A b/c ] 2 [ A b/c ] 3 [ + ] 14 [ A b/c ] 5 [ A b/c ] 7 [ ]

3 +22 U 8 / 21

Example 29
4 [ A b/c ] 2 [ A b/c ] 4 [ ]

U1 / 2 [ 2nd ] [ A b/c

Ans [ 2nd ] [ A b/c

9/2 [ ]

d/ e U1/2

Example 30

= 4. 5 2
4 [ A b/c ] 1 [ A b/c ] 2 [ 2nd ] [ F D] [ ]

Example 31

+ 3.75 = 12.55 5
8 [ A b/c ] 4 [ A b/c ] 5 [ + ] 3.75 [ ]

5 + 3.75 12.55

Example 32

2 rad. = 360 deg.

[ DRG ]
DEG RAD GRD [ ] 2 [ 2nd ] [ ] [ DMS ] [ ][ ][ ]

Example 33

1.5 = 1O 30 I 0 II ( DMS ) 1.5 [ DMS ] [ ]

DMS [ ][ ]

1.5 DMS 1O 30 I 0 I I

Example 34

45 I I 10.5 I I = 2.[ DMS ]

] 45 [ DMS ] [ ]

] 10.5 [ DMS ] [ ] [

45 10.5 2.752916667

Example 35

sin30 Deg. = 0.5 [ DRG ]

DEG RAD GRD [ ] [ SIN ] 30 [ ]

sin ( 30 ) 0.5

Example 36
sin30 Rad. = 0.988031624 [ DRG ] [ ]

MAIN RAD

sin ( 30 ) 0.988031624

Example 37

sin -1 0.5 = 33.33333333 Grad. [ DRG ] [ ]
DEG RAD GRD [ ] [ 2nd ] [ SIN 1 ] 0.5 [ ]

MAIN GRAD

sin 1 ( 0.5 ) 33.33333333

Example 38

cosh1.5+2 = 4.352409615 [ 2nd ] [ HYP ] [ COS ] 1.5 [ ][+]2 [ ]
cosh ( 1.5 ) + 2 4.352409615

Example 39

7 = 2.644120761 ]

MAIN 1 ( DEG

[ 2nd ] [ HYP ] [ 2nd ] [ SIN 1] 7 [

sinh 7) 2.644120761

Example 40
If x = 5 , y = 30, what are r , [ 2nd ] [ R P] ? Ans : r = 30.41381265 = 80.53767779
R Pr R P [ ] 5 [ 2nd ] [ ] 30

R Pr ( 5, 30 ) [ ]

R Pr ( 5, 30 ) 30.41381265 [ 2nd ] [ R P][ ]

R P [ ]

( 5, 30 )

R P ( 5, 30) 80.53767779

Example 41
If r = 25 , [ 2nd ] [ R = 56, what are x , y ? Ans : x = 13.97982259 y = 20.72593931 P][ ][ ]
P Rx P Ry [ ] 25 [ 2nd ] [ ] 56

P Rx ( 25, 56 ) [ ]

P Rx ( 25, 56 ) 13.97982259 [ 2nd ] [ R P][ ]

P [ ] 25 [ 2nd ] [ ] 56

P Ry ( 25, 56 ) [ ]

P Ry ( 25, 56 ) 20.72593931

Example 42

7! [( ) ! ] = [ PRB ]

nPr nCr !

- 10 -

7 nPr 4 840.

Example 43
7! [ ( ) ! x 3 ! ] = [ PRB ] [ ]

nPr nCr ! [ ]4 [ ]

7 nCr 4 35.

Example 44

5 ! = [ PRB ] [ ][ ]

nPr nCr ! [ ][ ]

5! 120.

Example 45

[ PRB ] [ ][ ]

RANDM [ ][ ]

RANDM 0.808959961

Example 46

[ PRB ] [ ]
RANDMI [ ] 7 [ 2nd ] [ ]9 [ ]

RANDMI ( 7, 9 ) 8.

Example 47

1.25 [ 2nd ] [ X 1 ] [

- 11 -

Example 48

2 [ X 2 ] [ + ] [ ] 4 [ + ] 21 [ ]

( 4+21 ) 9.

Example 27 = 3

27 = 3

3 [ 2nd ] [ X ] 27 [ ]

(27) 3.

Example 50

= 2401 7[ ]4 [ ]

7^4 2401.

Example 51

1yd 2 = 9 ft 2 = 0.000000836 km [ 2nd ] [ CONV ] [ ][ ]

ft 2 yd 2 m 2 [ ]

ft 2 yd 2 m 2 1. [ ]
ft 2 yd 2 m2 9. [ ][ ][ ]

km 2 hectars 0.000000836

Example 52
3 x G = 2.00177955 x 3 [ x ] [ CONST ] [ ][ ]
c g G Vm NA 6.6725985 x[ ][ ]
3 6.6725985 2.00177955 x10 10

- 12 -

Example 53
Enter data : XUSL = 6, XLSL =2, X 1 = 3, FREQ1 = 2, X 2 = 5 , FREQ2 = 9, then _ find out x = 4.636363636, Sx = 0.809039835, Cax = 0.318181818 , and Cpx = 0.864241622 [ MODE ] 1

STAT DEG

1-VAR 2-VAR [ ] [ DATA ] [ ]

LIMIT-SET [ ]6

X USL = 6 [ ]2 [ ]

X LSL = 2 2. [ DATA ]

DATA-INPUT [ ]3

X1=3 [ ]2

FREQ 1 = 2 [ ]5[ ]9

FREQ 2 = 9

[ STATVAR ]

n x Xmax 11. [ ]

n x Xmax 4.636363636 [ ][ ][ ]
Xmin Sx X 0.809039835 [ ][ ][ ][ ]
X X 2 Cax 0.318181818 [ ]

Cpx Cpkx t 0.864241622

- 13 -

Example 54

Enter data : XUSL = 6, XLSL = 2, YUSL = 9, YLSL = 3, X1 = 3, Y1 = 4 ; X2 = 5 , Y2 _ = 7, then find out x = 4, Sx = 1.414213562, Cax = 0 , Cay = 0.166666667 [ MODE ] 1 [ ]
1 -VAR 2 -VAR [ ] [ DATA ] [ ]
LIMIT-SET [ ]6[ ]2[ ]9[ ]3 [ ]

Y LSL = 3 3. [ DATA ]

DATA-INPUT [ ]3[ ]4[ ]5[ ]7

Y2=7 [ STATVAR ] [ ]

n x Xmax 4. [ ][ ][ ]
Xmin Sx X 1.414213562 [ [ [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] ][ ][ ][ ][ ]

x y Cax 0.

Cay Cpy 0.166666667

Example 55

Enter data : a x = 2, X 1 = 3, FREQ 1 = 2, X 2 = 5 , FREQ 2 = 9, then find out t = 3.417682776, P(t) = 0.0003, Q(t) = 0.4997, R(t) =0.9997 [ MODE ] 1
1 -VAR 2 -VAR [ ] [ DATA ] [ ][ ]

DISTR [ ]2[ ]

a x= 2 [ DATA ] [ ]3[ ]2[ ]5[ ]9

- 14 -

[ STATVAR ] [

Cp Cpk t 3.417682776 [ ]

P(t) Q(t) 0. 0003 [ ]

P(t) Q(t) 0. 4997 [ ]

R(t) 0. 9997

Example 56

Enter data : X 1 = 3, Y 1 = 4, X 2 = 5, Y 2 = 7, set y = 6, x = 5, get x (6) = 4. 333333333, y (5) = 7 [ MODE ] 1 [ ]
1 -VAR 2 -VAR [ ] [ DATA ] [ ]3[ ]4[ ]5[ ]7
Y2=7 [ STATVAR ] [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ]

x y Cax [ ]6[ ]

x(6) 4. 333333333 [ STATVAR ] [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ]

x y Cax [ ]5[ ]

y(5) 7.

Example 57

Based on Example 54, change Y1 = 4 as Y 1 = 9 and X 2 = 5 as X 2 = 8, then find Sx = 3.535533906 [ DATA ]

DATA-INPUT [ ][ ] 9

Y1=9 [ ]8

- 15 -

[ STATVAR ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]

Xmin Sx X 3.535533906

Example 58

= 1 F16 = = [ MODE ] 2

Base-n d

31 [ dhbo ]

BASE d h b

DHBO 31 [ ]

DHBO 1F [ ]

Base-n h

DHBO 11111 [ ]

Base-n b

DHBO 37

Example 59

= 1001010101001

[ MODE ] 2 [ dhbo ] [

[ dhbo ] [

] 4777 [

Base-n 2b

d4777 0

- 16 -

Example 60

How is 3 A 16 expressed as a negative ? Ans : FFFFFFC6 [ MODE ] 2 [ dhbo ] [ ][ ]

] [ NEG ] 3 [ /A ] [

NEG h3A FFFFFFC6

Example 61

+ 1E F 8 = = ][ ][ ][ ]

] [ dhbo ] [

] 1234 [ + ]

d1234 +

] 1 IE IF [

1234 + h1EF /

4 + h1EF / o 24
d1234 + h1EF/ 2352 [ dhbo ] [ ][ ]

DHBO 1258

Example 62
AND ( A 16 OR 7 16) = [ MODE ] 2 [ dhbo ] [ ][ ] [ ]

- 17 -

General Guide.. 3

Turning On And Off.. 3 Battery Replacement.. 3 Auto Power-Off Function.. 3 Reset Operation.. 3 Contrast Adjustment.. 3 Display Readout.. 4
Before starting calculation.. 5
Changing a mode.. 5 Selecting an item from display menus. 5 Using " 2nd " Keys.. 5 Cursor... 5 Making corrections during input.. 6 Replay function.. 6 Error Position Display Function. 6 Memory Calculation.. 6 Order Of Operations.. 7 Accuracy And Capacity.. 8 Error Conditions... 10

Mode 0 - MAIN.. 11

Arithmetic Calculations.. 11 Display formats.. 11 Parentheses Calculation.. 11 Percentage Calculation. 12 Continuous calculation function. 12 Answer Function... 12 Logarithm And Antilogarithm.. 12 Fraction Calculation... 12
File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English version : 2007/07/04
Angle Unit Conversion.. 13 Trigonometric / Inverse-Tri. Functions. 14 Hyperbolic / Inverse-Hyp. Functions.. 14 Coordinates Transformation.. 14 Probability... 14
1 Other Functions ( X , ,

, X , ^ ). 15

Unit Conversions.. 15 Physics Constants.. 15

Mode 1 - STAT..16

Single-Variable / Two-Variable Statistics. 16 Process capability.. 17 Probability distribution. 17 Linear regression.. 18 Correcting data.. 18

Mode 2 - Base-n..19

Bases conversions.. 19 Negative expression.. 19 Basic arithmetic operations for bases. 20 Logical operation.. 20
Mode 3 - CPLX..20 Mode 4 - VLE..20 Mode 5 - QE...20

General Guide

Turning On And Off
To turn the calculator on, press [ ON ] ; To turn the calculator off, press [ 2nd ] [ OFF ].

Battery Replacement

SRP-285II is dual power system which is powered by one alkaline battery (GP76A) and a solar cell. If the display becomes dim and difficult to read (especially when lighting is dim ), the batteries should be replaced as soon as possible. To replace batteries : 1) 2) Remove the screws and the back cover. Replace the old batteries and install new ones with polarity in correct directions, then secure the screws in place and press [ ON ] to turn the power on.

Auto Power-Off Function

This calculator automatically turns it off when not operated for approximately 6~12 minutes. It can be reactivated by pressing [ ON ] key and the display, memory, settings are retained.

Reset Operation

If the calculator is on but you get unexpected results, press [ 2nd ] [ RESET ] in sequence. A message appears on the display to confirm whether you want to reset the calculator and clear memory contents. RESET : N Y
Move the cursor to " Y " by [ ], then press [ ] to clear all variables, programs, pending operations, statistical data, answers, all previous entries, and memory; To abort the reset operation without clearing the calculator, please choose " N ". If the calculator is lock and further key operations becomes impossible, please press [ 0 ] [ DMS ] at the same time to release the condition. It will return all settings to default settings.

Contrast Adjustment

Pressing the [ ] or [ ] following [ MODE ] key can make the contrast of the screen lighter or darker. Holding either key down will make the display become respectively lighter or darker.

Display Readout

The display comprises the entry line, the result line, and indicators.

Indicator Entry line

M AI N

Indicator

Result line

Entry line

SRP-285II displays an entry of up to 76 digits. Entries begin on the left ; those with more than 11 digits scroll to the left. Press [ ] and [ ] to move the cursor through an entry. Press [ 2nd ] [ ] or [ 2nd ] [ ] to move the cursor immediately to the beginning or end of the entry.
Result line It displays a result of up to 10 digits, as well as a decimal, a negative sign, a " x10 " indicator, and a 2-digits positive or negative exponent. Results that exceed the digit limit are displayed in scientific notation. Indicators Indicator M 2nd MODE MAIN STAT Base-n VLE QE CPLX ENGSCI TAB HYP BUSY The following indicators appear on the display to indicate you the current status of the calculator. Meaning Independent memory Result is negative 2nd set of function keys is active. Mode selection is active Main mode is active Statistics mode is active Base-n mode is active Variable linear equation mode is active Quadratic equation mode is active Complex number mode is active ENGineering or SCIentific notation Number of decimal places displayed is fixed Hyperbolic-trig function will be calculated While an operation is executing There are digits to the left or right of the display There are earlier or later results that can be displayed

DEGRAD Angle mode : DEGrees, GRADs, or RADs
Before starting calculation

Changing a mode

Pressing [ MODE ] can enter mode menus. You can choose one of six operating modes, including " 0) MAIN ", " 1)STAT ", " 2)Base-n ", " 3)CPLX ", " 4)VLE ", " 5)QE ". Give " 2)Base-n " as an example : Method 1 : Scroll through the menus using [ ] or [ ] until " 2)Base-n " is shown, then enter the desired mode by ]. pressing [ Method 2 : Key in directly the number of the mode, [ 2 ] , to enter the desired mode immediately.
Selecting an item from display menus
Many functions and settings are available on menus. A menu is a list of options displayed across the entry line. Give " Pressing [ DRG ] key displays the menu for choosing the angle setting under MAIN mode " as an example : Method : Press [ DRG ] to display the menu, and then move the cursor [ ] or [ ] to an item you want. Press [ ] while the item is underlined.
For menu items followed by an argument value, you can press [ ] while the item is underlined or enter directly the corresponding argument value.
Using " 2nd " Keys
To execute the functions marked in yellow, please press [ 2nd ] and then the corresponding key. When you press [ 2nd ], the " 2nd " indicator shown in the display is to tell you that you will be selecting the second function of the next key you press. If you press [ 2nd ] by mistake, simply press [ 2nd ] again to remove the " 2nd " indicator.

Cursor

Pressing [ ] or [ ] key can move the cursor to the left or the right. Hold down any of those keys to move the cursor at high speed. Pressing [ ] or [ ] can scroll the display up or down while there are previous entries hidden the display. You can reuse or edit a previous entry when it is on the entry line.
Making corrections during input
To delete a character at the cursor, make the character underlined by using [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor, and then press [ DEL ] to delete the character. To replace a character, make the character underlined by using [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor, and then enter a new entry to replace the character. To insert a character, move the cursor to the position of the character where you want to insert, it will be inserted in the front of the character after pressing [ 2nd ] [ INS ] and entering a new character. (Note) : The blinking cursor " " means the calculator is in insert mode. On the contrary, the blinking cursor is displayed as " _ " and it means the calculator is in overwrite mode. To clear all characters, clear all input character by [ CL ] key.

Replay function

This function stores the latest operation executed. After execution is complete, pressing [ ] or [ ] key will display the operation from the beginning or the end. You can continue moving the cursor by [ ] or [ ] to edit it. To delete a digit, press [ DEL ]. ( or, in overwrite mode, just type over the digit). See Example 1. The replay function can keep input digits up to 254 characters for SRP-285II. After execution is complete or during entering, you can press either [ ] or [ ] to display previous input steps and edit values or commands for subsequent execution. See Example 2. (Note) : The replay function isn't cleared even when [ CL ] is pressed or power is turned off, so contents can be recalled even after [ CL ] is pressed. However, replay function is cleared when mode or operation is switched.
Error Position Display Function
When a mathematically illegal calculation is performed, error position display function will tell you with the cursor where the error is. Press [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor and then give it a correct entry. You can also clear an error by pressing [ CL ] and then re-entered the values and expression from the beginning. See Example 3.

Memory Calculation

Press [ M+ ] to add a result to running memory. Press [ 2nd ] [ M ] to subtract the value from running memory. To recall the value in running memory, press [ MRC ]. To clear running memory, press [ MRC ] twice. See Example 4.
The calculator has ten memory variables for repeated use : A, B, C, X, Y, X1, X2, PROG1 and PROG2. You can store a real number in variables A, B, C, X, Y, X1, X2 and an expression in PROG1 and PROG2. See Example 5. * [ P/V RCL ] recalls all variables. * [ SAVE ] lets you store values to variables. * [ 2nd ] [ RECALL ] recalls the value of variable. * [ 2nd ] [ CL-VAR ] clears all variables except PROG1, PROG2. * [ 2nd ] [ CL-PROG ] clears the contents of PROG1, PROG2. (Note) : Besides pressing [ SAVE ] key to store a value, you can also assign values to memory variable M by [ M+ ] or [ 2nd ] [ M ]. However, anything currently stored in variable M will be deleted and replaced by the newly assigned value.

Order Of Operations

Each calculation is performed in the following order of precedence : 1) 2) Expression inside parentheses. Coordinates transformation, and Type B functions which are required pressing the function key before entering, for example, sin, cos, tan, sin , cos , tan , sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh , X X cosh , tanh , log, ln, 10 , e , , NEG, NOT, X'( ), Y'( ) Type A functions which are required entering values before pressing the function key, for example, x , , ! , X , %, r, g. Exponentiation ( ^ ), Fractions Abbreviated multiplication format in front of variables, , RANDM, RANDMI. () Abbreviated multiplication format in the front of Type B functions, , Alog2, etc. nPr, nCr

4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9)

10) x , 11) +, 12) AND, NAND 13) OR, XOR, XNOR 14) Conversion( A /c
When functions with the same priority are used in series, execution is performed from right to left. e ln120

e { ln (120 ) }

otherwise, execution is from left to right.
Compound functions are executed from right to left. Anything contained within parentheses receives the highest priority.

Accuracy And Capacity

Output digits : Up to 10 digits Calculating digits : Up to 24 digits In general, every reasonable calculation is displayed up to 10 digits 99 mantissa, or 10-digits mantissa plus 2-digits exponent up to 10. Numbers used as input must be within the range of the given function as follow : Functions sin x cos x tan x Input range Deg : Rad : Grad : Deg : Rad :

x < 4.5 x deg

x < 2.5 x 10 8rad x < 5 x grad x 90 (2n+1)

however, for tan x

x 2 (2n+1) Grad : x 100 (2n+1), (n is an integer)
sin 1 x, cos 1 x tan 1 x sinh x, cosh x tanh x sinh 1 x cosh 1 x tanh
x 1 x < 1 x x 230.2585092 x < 1 x x < 5 x 10 99

1 x < 5 x 10

x <1
1 x x < 1 x 1 x < x < x 10

log x, ln x 10 e

< x 230.2585092

0 x < 1 x 10 100

x < 1 x x < 1 x 10 100, x 0

0 x 69, x is an integer.

x -1 x!

P (x, y) R (r, )

x 2 + y 2 < 1 x 10

0 r < 1 x 10

100 10
Deg< 4.5 x 10 Grad< 5 x 10 however, for tan
8 Rad< 2.5 x 10 rad 10
Deg90 (2n+1) Rad (2n+1) 2 Grad100 (2n+1), (n is an integer) DMS DD, MM, SS.SS 1 x 10 100, 0 MM, SS.SS

x < 10 100

xy x > 0 : 1 x < y log x < 100 x=0:y>0 x < 0 : y = n, 1/(2n+1), n is an integer. but 1 x 10100 < y log x < 100
y > 0 : x 0, 1 x 10 y=0:x>0

log y < 100

nPr, nCr STAT
y < 0 : x = 2n+1, 1/n, n is an integer. (n0) but 1 x 10 log y < 100 < x r n, n 10 , n,r are integers. , y < 1 x 10 x < 1 x 10 1VAR : n 40, 2VAR : n FREQ. = n, 0 n < 10 : n is an integer in 1VAR mode. x,y, x , y ,a, b, r : n0 ; Sx, Syn, n0, 1

100 100

DEC : 2147483648 x 2147483647 BIN : 10000000000000000000000000000000 x 11111111111111111111111111111111 (for negative) 0 x 01111111111111111111111111111111 (for zero, positive) OCT : 20000000000 x 37777777777(for negative) 0 x 17777777777 (for zero or positive) HEX : 80000000 x FFFFFFFF (for negative) 0 x 7FFFFFFF ( for zero or positive)

Error Conditions

Error message will appear on the display and further calculation becomes impossible when any of the following conditions occur. DOMAIN Er (1) When specifying an argument to a function outside the valid range. (2) FREQ value (in 1VAR stats) < 0 or non-integer. (3) When USL value < LSL value You attempted to divide by 0. When result of function calculations exceeds the range specified. When in MAIN, CPLX, VLE, or QE mode, press [ DATA ] or [ STATVAR ]. (1) Input errors are made. (2) When improper arguments are used in commands or functions that require arguments. There is no solution or infinite to the simultaneous equation under VLE mode. There is no real solution to quadratic equation under QE mode. An entry exceeds 84 digits after implied multiplication with auto-correction. You input a negative CPU or CPL value, where X LSL USL X , CPL = CPU = 3 3
DIVIDE BY 0 OVERFLOW Er STAT Er SYNTAX Er
NO SOL MULTI SOLS NO REAL SOL LENGTH Er OUT OF SPEC
To release the above errors, please press [ CL ] key.

Mode 0 - MAIN

Arithmetic Calculations
Arithmetic operations are performed by pressing the keys in the same sequence as in the expression. See Example 6. For negative values, press [ () ] before entering the value. Example 7. See
For mixed arithmetic operations, multiplication and division are given priority over addition and subtraction. See Example 8. Results greater than 10 or less than 10 exponential form. See Example 9.

are displayed in

Display formats
Decimal places formats are selected by pressing [ 2nd ] [ TAB ] to display the menu. To set decimal places to n ( F0123456789 ), ] key while the item is enter a n value directly or press [ underlined. (The default setting is floating point notation F and the n value is ). See Example 10. Even if the number of decimal places is specified, internal calculation for a mantissa is performed up to 24 digits, and the display value is stored in 10 digits. To round off those values to the specified number of decimal places, press [ 2nd ] [ RND ]. See Example 11~12. Number display formats are selected by pressing [ 2nd ] [ SCI/ENG ] to display the menu. The items on the menu are FLO (for floating point), SCI ( for scientific), and ENG (for engineering). ] or [ ] until the desired formats is underlined, and Press [ ]. See Example 13. then press [ (Note) : The engineering format is similar to the scientific format, except the mantissa can have up to three digits left of the decimal, instead of only one, and the exponent is always a multiple of three. It is useful for engineers to convert units based on multiples of 10 3. You can enter a number in mantissa and exponent form by [ EXP ] key. See Example 14.

Parentheses Calculation

Operations inside parentheses are always executed first. SRP-285II can use up to 13 levels of consecutive parentheses in a single calculation. See Example 15. Closed parentheses occurring immediately before operation of the ] key may be omitted, no matter how many are required. [ See Example 16.
A multiplication sign " x " occurring immediately before an open parenthesis can omitted. See Example 17. (Note) : The calculator can auto-correct abbreviated multiplication in front of all functions, except memory variables, left parenthesis, type B functions. Henceforth, abbreviated type will not be used in this manual. See Example 18. The correct result cannot be derived by entering [ ( ] 2 [ + ] 3 [ ) ] [ EXP ] 2. Be sure to enter [ x ] 1 between the [ ) ] and [ EXP ] in the below example. See Example 19.

Percentage Calculation

[ 2nd ] [ % ] divides the number in the display by 100. You can use this key sequence to calculate percentages, add-ons, discounts, and percentages ratios. See Example 20~21.
Continuous calculation function
The calculator enables you to repeat the last operation executed ] key for further calculation. See Example by pressing [ 22. Even if calculations are concluded with the [ ] key, the result obtained can be used for further calculation. See Example 23.

Answer Function

Answer function stores the most recently calculated result. It is retained even after the power is turned off. Once a numeric value ] is pressed, the or numeric expression is entered and [ result is stored by this function. See Example 24. (Note) : Even if execution of a calculation results in an error, however, Answer memory retains its current value.
Logarithm And Antilogarithm
The calculator can calculate common and natural logarithms and x anti-logarithms using [ LOG ], [ LN ], [ 2nd ] [ 10 ], and [ 2nd ] x [ e ]. See Example 25~27.

Fraction Calculation

Fraction value display is as follow : 5 / 5 /12 Display of

Display of 56

To enter a mixed number, enter the integer part, press [ A /c ], b enter the numerator, press [ A /c ], and enter the denominator ; To b enter an improper fraction, enter the numerator, press [ A /c ], and enter the denominator. See Example 28. During a fraction calculation, if the figure is reducible, a figure is reduced to the lowest terms after pressing a function command ] ) or the [ ] key. By pressing key ( [ + ], [ ], [ x ] or [ b d /e ], the displayed value will be converted to the [ 2nd ] [ A /c improper fraction and vice versa. See Example 29. To convert between a decimal and fractional result, press [ 2nd ] ]. See Example 30. [ F D ] and [ Calculations containing both fractions and decimals are calculated in decimal format. See Example 31.

Angle Unit Conversion

The angle units (DEG, RAD, GRAD) is set by pressing [ DRG ] to display the angle menu. The relation among the three angle units is : 180=rad = 200 grad Angle conversations ( See Example 32. ) : 1. Change the default angle settings to the units you want to convert to. 2. Enter the value of the unit to convert. 3. Press [ DMS ] to display the menu. The units you can select are (degrees), (minutes), (seconds), r (radians), g (gradians) or DMS (Degrees-Minutes-Seconds). 4. Choose the units you are converting from. 5. Press [ ] twice. To convert an angle to DMS notation, select " DMS " which converts an entry to DMS notations, i.e., where 1300 represents 1 degrees, 30 minutes, 0 seconds. See Example 33. To convert a DMS notation to decimal, select (degrees), (minutes), (seconds). See Example 34.

Trigonometric / Inverse-Tri. Functions
SRP-285II provides standard trigonometric functions and inverse 1 trigonometric functions - sin, cos, tan, sin , cos and tan. See Example 35~37. (Note) : When using those keys, make sure the calculator is set for the angle unit you want.
Hyperbolic / Inverse-Hyp. Functions
SRP-285II uses [ 2nd ] [ HYP ] to calculate the hyperbolic functions and inverse- hyperbolic functions sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh , cosh 1 and tanh. See Example 38~39. (Note) : When using those keys, make sure the calculator is set for the angle unit you want.
Coordinates Transformation
Pressing [ 2nd ] [ R P ] displays a menu to convert rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates or vice versa. See Example 40~41. Rectangular Coordinates Polar Coordinates
x + y i = r (cos+ i sin) (Note) : When using those key, make sure the calculator is set for the angle unit you want.

Probability

Pressing [ PRB ] displays the probability menu. See Example 42~46. With the following functions : Calculates the number of possible permutations of n item taken r at a time. Calculates the number of possible combinations of n nCr items taken r at a time. Calculates the factorial of a specified positive integer n , ! where n 69. RANDM Generates a random number between 0 and 1. RANDMI Generates a random integer value between two specified integers, A and B, where A random value B

Other Functions ( X1, ,

, X 2, ^ )
The calculator also provides reciprocal ( [ x ] ), square root 2 ] ) and ( [ ] ), universal root ( [ X ] ), square ( [ x exponentiation ( [ ^ ] ) functions. See Example 47~50.

Unit Conversions

The calculator has a built-in unit conversion feature that enables you to convert numbers from metric to English units and vice versa. See Example 51. 1. 2. Enter the number you want to convert. Press [ 2nd ] [ CONV ] to display the menu. There are 7 menus, covering distance, area, temperature, capacity, weight, energy, and pressure. Use the [ ][ ] to scroll through the list of units until a ]. appropriate units menu is shown, then [ Pressing [ unit. ] or [ ] can convert the number to another

Physical Constants

You can use a number of physical constants in your calculations. See table below :

Symbol Meaning Value

c g G Vm NA e me mp h k R F mn

Speed of light in vacuum

Acceleration of gravity Gravitational constant molar volume of ideal gas Avagadro's number Elementary charge Electron mass Proton mass Plank's constant Boltzmann's constant Gas constant Faraday constant Neutron constant Atomic mass constant Dielectric permittivity Magnetic permittivity Flux quantum Bohr radius Bohr magneton Neutron magnetic moment
299792458 m / s 2 9.80665 m.s 2 6.6725985 x 10 N.m kg 0.0224141 m mol 6.022136736 x 10 mol 19 C 1.6021773349 x kg 9.109389754 x kg 1.672623110 x J.s 6.626075540 x 1 J.K 1.38065812 x 10 8.3145107 J / mol k 96485.30929 C / mol 1.67492861 x 10 1.66054021 x 10

kg kg F/m Vs m

8.854187818 x 10 2.067834616 x 10 9.274015431 x 10

0.000001257 H / m

a0 B N
5.2917724924 x 10 5.050786617 x 10
To insert a constant at the cursor position ( See Example 52. ) : 1. 2. 3. Press [ CONST ] to display the physical constants menu. Press [ Press [ ] until the constant you want is underlined. ].

Mode 1 - STAT

There are three menu operations in statistics menu : 1VAR ( for analyzing data in a single dataset), 2VAR ( for analyzing paired data from two datasets ) and DCL ( for clearing all datasets). See Example 38.
Single-Variable / Two-Variable Statistics
Step : 1. From the statistics menu, choose 1VAR or 2VAR and ]. press [ 2. Press [ DATA ] and there are three menus: DATAINPUT, LIMITSET, DISTR. Please select DATAINPUT and press ]. [ 3. Enter an x - value and press [ ]. 4. Enter the frequency ( FREQ ) of the x - value (in 1VAR mode) or the corresponding y - value ( in 2VAR mode ) ]. and press [ 5. To enter more data, repeat from step 3. 6. Press [ 2nd ] [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical result menus by [ ] or [ ] to find out statistical variables you want. ( See table below )

Variable n Meaning

Number of the x values or x-y pairs entered. or Mean of the x values or y values Xmas or Ymax Maximum of the x values or y values Xmin or Ymin Minimum of the x values or y values Sample standard deviation of x values or y Sx or Sy values. Sx =

x or y (x x) n 1

, Sy =

( y y) n 1

Population standard deviation of x values or y values x =

(x x) n

(y y) n

x or y

Sum of all x values or y values
x 2 or y 2 Sum of all x 2 values or y 2 values x y
Sum of (x y) for all x-y pairs

Process capability

Step : ( See Example 53~54. ) 1. Press [ DATA ] and there are three menus : DATAINPUT, LIMITSET, DISTR. Please select LIMITSET and press ]. [ 2. Enter an upper spec. limit value ( X USL or Y USL), then ]. press [ 3. Enter a lower spec. limit value ( X LSL or Y LSL ), then ]. press [ 4. Enter the datasets you want under DATAINPUT mode. 5. Press [ 2nd ] [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical ] or [ results menu by [ ] to find out process capability variables you want. ( See table below )

Variable Cax or Cay Meaning
Capability accuracy of the x values or y values ,

Cpx or Cpy

Potential capability precision of the x values or y values, ,
Cpkx or Cpky Minimum (CPU, CPL) of the x values or y values, where CPU is upper spec. limit of capability precision and CPL is lower spec. limit of capability precision C pkx = Min (C PUX , C PLX) = C px(1 C ax ) C pky = Min (C PUY , C PLY) = C py(1 C ay )
(Note) : When calculating process capability in 2VAR mode, the x n and y n are independent with each other.

Probability distribution

Step : ( See Example 55. ) 1. Based on the datasets in 1VAR mode, press [ DATA ] and there are three menu : DATAINPUT, LIMITSET, DISTR. ]. Please choose DISTR and press [ 2. Enter a a x value, then press [ ]. 3. Press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results ] or [ menu by [ ] to find out probability distribution variables you want. (See table below)

Variable t P(t)

Meaning
Test value Represent the cumulative fraction of the standard normal distribution that is less than the value t Represent the cumulative fraction of the standard normal distribution that lies between the value t and 0. R ( t ) =1 ( t ) Represent the cumulative fraction of the standard normal distribution that is greater than the value t Q ( t ) = | 0.5 ( t ) |

Linear regression

Step : ( See Example 56. ) 1. Based on the datasets in 2VAR mode, press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out a, b, or r. 2. To predict a value for x (or y) given a value for y (or x), select the x ' (or y ' variable, press [ ], enter the given value, ] again. (See table below) and press [

Variable a Meaning

y b x n
Linear regression y-intercept a = Linear regression slope b =
(n xy x y ) (n x 2 ( x )2 )
Correlation coefficient (n xy x y ) r= (n x 2 ( x )2 )(n y 2 ( y )2 ) Predicted x values given a, b, and y vales ya x' = b Predicted y value given a, b, and x value. y' = a + bx

Correcting data

Step : ( See Example 57. ) 1. Press [ DATA ]. 2. To change x - values or the frequency of the x - value in 1VAR mode ( or the corresponding y - value in 2VAR mode ), please choose DATAINPUT. To change upper spec.
limit value, or lower spec. limit value, please choose LIMITSET. To change ax, please choose DISTR. 3. Press [ ] to scroll through the data you have entered. 4. To change an entry, display it and enter the new data. The new data you enter overwrites the old entry. Press [ ] or [ ] to save the change. (Note) : Even you exit STAT mode, all data in 1VAR and 2VAR mode are still retained unless you clear all data by selecting DCL mode.

Mode 2 - Base-n

Bases conversions
The number system (10, 16, 2 , 8 ) is set by pressing [ 2nd ] [ dhbo ] to display the menu, making one of the items underlined followed ]. A corresponding symbol " d ", " h ", " b ", " o " appears [ on the display. (The default setting is d : decimal base). See Example 58. (Note) : The total range of numbers handled in this mode is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, /A, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF. If values not valid for the particular number system are used, attach the corresponding designator (d, h, b, o), or an error message will appear. Binary base ( b ) : 0, 1 Octal base ( o ) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Decimal base ( d ) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Hexadecimal base ( h ) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, /A, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF ] can use block function to display a result in octal or Pressing [ binary base which exceeds 8 digits. The system is designed to display up to 4 blocks. See Example 59.

Negative expression

In binary, octal, and hexadecimal bases, the calculator represents negative numbers using complement notation. The complement is the result of subtracting that number from 10000000000 in that number's base by pressing [ NEG ] key in non-decimal bases. See Example 60.
Basic arithmetic operations for bases
The unit enables you to calculate in number base other than decimal. The calculator can add, subtract, multiply, and divide binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers. See Example 61.

Logical operation

Logical operations are performed through logical products (AND), negative logical (NAND), logical sums (OR), exclusive logical sums (XOR), negation (NOT), and negation of exclusive logical sums (XNOR). See Example 62.

Mode 3 - CPLX

Complex mode enables you to add, subtract, multiply, and divide complex numbers. See Example 63. The results of a complex operation are displayed as follow :
Real value Absolute value
Imaginary value Argument value

Mode 4 - VLE

Variable linear equations (VLE) mode can solve a set of simultaneous equations with two unknowns as follows : ax+by=c d x + e y = f, where x and y are unknown. In VLE mode, you just enter each coefficient ( a, b, c, d, e, f ) in the correct order, and the calculator automatically solves for x, y. See Example 64.

Mode 5 - QE

Quadratic equations (QE) mode can solve a equations as follows : a x 2 + b x + c = 0, where x is unknown. In QE mode, you just enter each coefficient ( a, b, c ) in the correct order, and the calculator automatically solves for all x values. See Example 65.