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ERA Business Unit:

ERA Technology Ltd

Report Title:
EMC Evaluation of Comtrend Ethernet Powerline Adaptors
Roger Smith Ofcom (Contract Ref No 410000327) Clive Corrie (Investigation Policy Manager) 2008-0578 7G0465206 Final Report
Author(s): Client: Client Reference: ERA Report Number: ERA Project Number: Report Version:
Report Checked and Approved by:
Dr Martin Ganley Head of EMC & RF Group September 2008
Ref. RHS/vs/62/04652/Rep-6331
This document may be reproduced in its entirety and without change

2 ERA Report 2008-0578

Copyright ERA Technology Limited 2008 All Rights Reserved No part of this document may be copied or otherwise reproduced without the prior written permission of ERA Technology Limited. If received electronically, recipient is permitted to make such copies as are necessary to: view the document on a computer system; comply with a reasonable corporate computer data protection and back-up policy and produce one paper copy for personal use.

DOCUMENT CONTROL

If no restrictive markings are shown, the document may be distributed freely in whole, without alteration, subject to Copyright.
ERA Technology Ltd Cleeve Road Leatherhead Surrey KT22 7SA UK Tel : +44 (0) Fax: +44 (0) E-mail: info@era.co.uk Read more about ERA Technology on our Internet page at: http://www.era.co.uk/
Ref:P:\Projects Database\Ofcom 2008 - 7G 04652\Ofcom - 7G0465206 - Confiscated Kit\ERA Reports\PLT\Rep-6331 - 2008-0578.doc

ERA Technology Ltd

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Executive Summary

It is considered that the Ethernet Powerline Adaptors do not satisfy the essential requirements of the EMC Directive; emissions could potentially cause interference to communications equipment. This report does not consider communications services that could be affected or the range at which affects might occur. Below 30 MHz, where the emissions were highest, there are no radiated emission limits. At these low frequencies, radiation from the mains distribution network will be higher when the mains network cables become considerably longer than those tested and represent a quarter wavelength. The operating configuration using one or two adaptors was not critical. The emissions were present at the same levels with the Ethernet cable disconnected showing the emissions to be due to the adaptors and not to the data. Conducted emissions on the power lines and on the Ethernet cable screen exceeded the Class B limits in EN 55022, both types of Ethernet Powerline Adaptor showed similar results. The limit was exceeded on the power lines from 2 MHz to 27 MHz by up to 39.4 dB and on the Ethernet screen by up to 15 dB. There were a number of discrete notches in the over limit emission spectrum. Radiated emissions failed by up to 10.88 dB but at a few spot frequencies only; the configurations tested were more critical to the result achieved. Declarations of Conformity for both types of adaptor refer to the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and refer to standard EN 55022:1998 and CISPR/I/89/CD. The latter was a draft only that has now been withdrawn and should not be referenced on a DoC; the former standard is not complied with based on the testing reported herein. For the Power Grid 902, the DoC refers to Technical Construction File identified as XXXXXXX, this is not an acceptable reference on the DoC.

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Contents

Page No.

Introduction Test Standard
2.1 2.2 Equipment Tested Test Configuration

Tests Applied

3.1 3.2 3.3 Conducted Emissions Power Conducted Emissions Ethernet Radiated Emissions

Results

4.1 4.2 4.3 Conducted Emissions Power Conducted Emissions Ethernet Radiated Emissions
Measurement Uncertainty Conclusions
Appendix 1: RFI-Global Services Report RFI/EMC/RP73935JD01A (67 pages)13

Figures List

Page No. Figure 1 Comtrend Power Grid DH-10PF (Ref: CH3)... 8 Figure 2 Comtrend Power Grid 902 (Ref: CH4 identical to CH5).. 9

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Introduction

This report describes the EMC testing performed, at the request of Ofcom, on Comtrend Ethernet Powerline Adaptors that were provided by Ofcom. These devices commonly referred to as power line transmitters (PLT) are designed to take the ethernet data interface on a RJ45 connector and adapt the data signal for transmission on the 230 V AC local mains distribution network to a second unit which converts the signal back to the Ethernet data format. Electrical and electronic products placed on the market and that are not radio or telecommunications equipment, come within the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC which is transposed into UK legislation in Regulation 2006 No. 3418. In Paragraph 4, this requires that the essential requirements are satisfied, and for emissions, that the electromagnetic disturbance generated does not exceed a level above which radio and telecommunications equipment and other equipment cannot operate as intended. ERA Technology specified the EMC testing to be carried out and sub contracted RFI-Global Services Ltd at Basingstoke to carry out the testing under their UKAS accreditation.

Test Standard

There are currently no harmonised product standards that are applicable to this type of device where data is purposely transmitted onto the mains power network. The closest product standard was considered to be EN 55022 Information Technology Equipment, on the basis that the primary function of the device is the transmission of data. An alternative would be to use the generic standard EN 61000-6-3, where there is no appropriate product standard. For the emissions, the same test methods and limits would be applicable for both standards. These devices were not considered to come within the requirements of the Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment Directive 1995/5/EC on the basis that they do not connect directly to a telecommunications network. In the event that this Directive was to be considered applicable, the emission requirements would refer back to the EN 55022 standard.

Equipment Tested

Three items of equipment were submitted for testing, each item consisting of a pair of Ethernet Powerline Adaptors designed to be plugged directly into a UK mains port and provided with a Cat 5 screened ethernet cable approximately 4 m in length.

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The following models were tested: a) b) c) Report ref: CH3 - Comtrend Power grid DH10-PF (Ofcom Reference CC03 1408) Report ref: CH4 - Comtrend Power Grid 902 (Ofcom Reference CC01 1408) Report ref: CH5 - Comtrend Power Grid 902 (Ofcom Reference CC02 1408)
It was noted that the DH10-PF ethernet socket was metalised however this metalised area was not connected to the mains earth pin. On the 902 versions the ethernet socket was plastic. Figures 1 and 2 show photographs of the two types tested.
Figure 1: Comtrend Power Grid DH-10PF (Ref: CH3)

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Figure 2: Comtrend Power Grid 902 (Ref: CH4 identical to CH5)

Test Configuration

The equipment was initially configured to represent practical use. One unit was connected through a 1 m mains cable to the power supply, with the second unit connected 3 m away on a mains extension. The two ethernet sockets were connected to two laptop PCs through 4 m supplied cables. One computer was set up to transmit data continuously at the highest data rate with the second computer receiving the transmitted data. Testing was also carried out with no data transmission from the computer, and then with the computer ethernet cables disconnected.

Conducted Emissions Power
An artificial mains network was connected 1 m form the first unit. Measurements of the conducted emissions were made from 0.15 to 30 MHz on the line and the neutral. Measurements were made with the peak detector and the average detector, and then the quasi peak detector and average detector were used to determine the highest emission levels at the highest emission frequencies in accordance with the standard.

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Conducted Emissions Ethernet
The ethernet screen was connected to ground using a 150 ohm resistor and the current measured on unit side of the resistor from 0.15 to 30 MHz. Measurements were made with the peak detector and the average detector, then the quasi peak detector and average detector were used to determine the highest emission levels at the highest emission frequencies in accordance with the standard.

Radiated Emissions

Measurements were made from 30 to 1000 MHz in horizontal and vertical antenna positions on a 5 m semi anechoic test site. The highest peak results were then measured with the quasi peak detector in accordance with the standard. Tests were made without rotating the units on the turntable as directed by ERA due to the physically small size of the units compared to the cable lengths.
Appendix 1 contains the RFI-Global Services report reference RFI-EMC2-RP7953JD01A dated 17 September 2008. The initial results with the full system functioning in a representative manner showed emissions considerably above the limit. Data transmission was inhibited with no significant difference and the two laptop computers were removed with little significant difference indicating that emissions were from the unit and were not significantly related to the data transfer function.
Report sections 5.2.9 to 5.2.26 summarise the worst case emissions on the power lines. The graphical results are shown in Appendix 2 (D006 to D014). Tests were carried out on the older unit (CH3) and both of the new units (CH4 and CH5). The results for all three units were very similar, the worst case emissions being between 2.3 MHz and 3.2 MHz. Test were carried out on the full system consisting of both units with data transfer, both units with no data transfer, two units with no ethernet connected and a single unit with no ethernet connected. Worst case emissions on the three units under the various configurations were 39.4 dB (CH3), 37.3 dB (CH4) and 36.7 dB (CH5) over the Class B limit. Emissions were over limit from 2 MHz up to 27 MHz with the over limit levels being approximately 5 dB lower at the high frequency end. There were a number of discrete notches in the over limit frequency band, these were the same on both types of unit.

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Report sections 5.2.1 to 5.2.8 summarise the highest emissions on the ethernet cable with the associated graphs in Appendix 2 (D001 to D005). Tests were carried out on one of each type, with data and with the laptops disconnected; the emissions were over limit on both types, the emissions being higher with the laptops disconnected with no data transfer by 5 dB. The older model (reference CH3) was over limit between 8 MHz and 28 MHz by up to 15 dB. The new model (reference CH4) was over limit between 9 MHz and 18 MHz by 9.6 dB.
Report sections 5.3.1 to 5.3.5 summarise the highest radiated emissions, with the associated graphs in Appendix 2 (D015 to D021). Measurements were carried out on the older unit (CH3) and one new unit (CH4). CH3 failed between 480 MHz and 960 MHz by up to 7.3 dB with the two units only and no data transfer and failed between 320 MHz and 960 MHz by 5.88 dB with the full system transferring data. CH4 failed at 31.6 MHz by 7.8 dB with the two units only and no ethernet interface and failed at 239 MHz by 10.88 dB with ethernet cables connected but no data transfer.

Measurement Uncertainty

This is quoted in the report at Appendix 1.

Conclusions

Conducted emissions on both types of Ethernet power line adaptors were similar, the emissions conducted onto the mains measured as common mode from each power line to ground exceeded the limit from 2 MHz to 27 MHz, excluding the discrete notched frequency bands, by between 36.7 and 39.4 dB. The configuration was not critical, with the emissions over the limit with no Ethernet connection. On the Ethernet data line the emissions were over the limit by up to 15 and 9.6 dB respectively on CH3 and CH4. Radiated emissions failed by up to 10.88 dB but at a few spot frequencies only; the configurations tested were more critical to the result achieved.

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It is considered that the Ethernet power line adaptors do not satisfy the essential requirements of the EMC Directive.

13 ERA Report 2008-0578

Appendix 1: RFI-Global Services Report RFI/EMC/RP73935JD01A (67 pages)

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Design of Systems on Silicon
DH10PF User Interface Manual
HANTZ + PARTNER The Upgrade Company! www.hantz.com

DH10PF User Manual

Corporate Headquarters Design of Systems on Silicon
Charles Robert Darwin, Paterna Valencia Spain Tel: Fax: WWW: Email: +34.96.136.6004 +34.96.136.6250 http://www.ds2.es info@ds2.es

PAGE 2 OF 16

MG-TI-C2-WISC-DH10PF USER INTERFACE MANUAL-1.1
IMPORTANT NOTICE TO THE USER
DS2 PROVIDES THIS MANUAL AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL DS2, ITS DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR AGENTS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY OR LIABILITY, LOSS OF USE OR DATA, INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS AND THE LIKE, EVEN IF DS2 HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES ARISING FROM ANY DEFECT OR ERROR IN THIS MANUAL OR PRODUCT. No part of this manual, including the products and software described in it may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form or any means, without the express written permission of Design of Systems on Silicon (DS2). Product warranty or service will not be extended if: (1) the product is repaired, modified or altered, unless such repair, modification or alteration is authorized in writing by DS2; or (2) the serial number of the product is defaced or missing. Products and corporate names appearing in this manual may or may not be registered trademarks or copyrights of their respective companies, and are used only for identification or explanation and to the owners benefit, without intent to infringe. All product and brand names used in this manual are used for identification purposes only and may be the registered trademarks of their respective owners. Windows and the Windows environment are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the US and other countries. Linux man pages obtained from the public domain. For previous or updated manuals, BIOS, drivers, or product release information, contact DS2 at http://www.ds2.es or through any of the means indicated on the previous page.
SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL ARE FURNISHED FOR INFORMATIONAL USE ONLY, AND ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE, AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS A COMMITMENT BY DS2. DS2 ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS OR INACCURACIES THAT MAY APPEAR IN THIS MANUAL, INCLUDING THE PRODUCTS AND SOFTWARE DESCRIBED IN IT. Copyright 2007, Design of Systems on Silicon. All Rights Reserved.

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Table of Contents
IMPORTANT NOTICE TO THE USER....2 2.1 2.4 4.1 4.6 6.1 6.2 6.Introduction.....5 Adapter Description.....5 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION....5 REAR AND LOWER CONNECTIONS....7 Installing Powerline Adapters....7 One Button Security Setup (OBUS)....8 CONFIGURING A PRIVATE POWERLINE NETWORK...8 ADDING NEW POWERLINE ADAPTERS TO AN EXISTING PRIVATE POWERLINE NETWORK..8 Factory reset procedure.....9 Status indicator.....9 POINT TO POINT NETWORK.....10 POINT TO MULTIPOINT NETWORK...11 NEIGHBOURING NETWORKS....13 Troubleshooting Guide....14 Safety advise....14 Abbreviations.....15

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Introduction
The scope of this document is to provide a description of the physical user interface of the DS2s new Reference Design DH10PF in-home powerline adapter. The DH10PF powerline adapter incorporates an AC filter and a rear socket. The purpose of this design is to facilitate the direct connection of the adapter to a wall power outlet without depriving the user of the use of this outlet. The DH10PF powerline adapter provides a link between the powerline network and a Fast Ethernet 10/100M port and an auxiliary filtered output for other appliances. The design is such that on the one hand it avoids limiting the wall socket just for PLC purposes and on the other hand provides a filtered socket to avoid the adverse effects of appliances connected to it. The adapter has two buttons and two LEDs that allow the user to configure a secure PLC network without using a computer and it will also indicate the estimated channel capacity at application layer in the receiver adapter. The main features covered are: One Button Security Setup: manual configuration of Fixed AP (Access Point) and automatic generation of an Encryption Key and a Network Identifier, used to guarantee network security, and exchange of these keys between adapters using only one button; Throughput indicator: with a three-colour LED, three different levels of estimated throughput at application layer will be shown in the receiver adapter; Manual factory reset. Stand-by mode.
The minimum firmware level including the full set of above features for DH10PF is Spirit 2.2.7.

Adapter Description

Front panel description Definition Power/Standby button (ON/SBY) Config /Factory Reset button (CONFIG/F RST) STATUS indication Function Used to switch the adapter between ON and STANDBY (minimum power consumption setting). Pressing the button again will turn on the adapter. By default adapter is ON when plugged. Used to implement One Button Security Setup and Factory Reset features. LED indicates if adapter is powered ON/OFF and shows the application throughput level available in the link (Throughput Indicator). LED indicates whether the device is configured as a Fixed AP (Access Point or master) or EP (End Point or slave).

AP indication

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The following photograph shows the front panel of the adapter.
ON/SBY button CONFIG/F RST button STATUS indicator LED AP indicator LED
The meanings of the various LEDs and buttons are given in the following tables: STATUS Indicator Colour LOW RED RED Adapter Status OFF (STANDBY) ON Meaning Adapter is in Standby mode Adapter is ON. If PLC link, Estimated Application Throughput < Threshold 1 (6Mbps = 1 SDTV) If PLC link, Threshold 1 (6Mbps = 1 SDTV) < Estimated Application Throughput < Threshold 2 (12Mbps = 1 HDTV) If PLC link, Estimated Application Throughput > Threshold 2 (12Mbps = 1 HDTV) Traffic in the Ethernet port

ORANGE

GREEN BLINKING (in RED, ORANGE or GREEN)
AP Indicator LED status OFF ON BLINKING 3 FLASHES Meaning Adapter configured as EP Adapter configured as Fixed AP (orange light) Fixed AP in searching mode or EP in configuration mode. AP has exchanged keys with EP, and it has finished its configuration

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DH10PF User Manual Buttons: Button ON/SBY CONFIG/F RST Meaning Powers the adapter OFF (STANDBY) and powers it ON. Configuration button when pressed 2 seconds. Also performs a factory reset when pressed for more than 8 seconds.
Rear and lower connections
The following photograph shows the power plug and LAN connections.

Power plug

LAN Connector Definitions: Power plug: Power supply and powerline connector LAN: 1x RJ-45 LAN10/100 Ethernet port
Installing Powerline Adapters
To connect each powerline adapter to a computer or other device (Set Top Box, DSL router, etc.), follow the steps listed below: 1. Connect the supplied Ethernet cable to the LAN port of the adapter and the other end to the Ethernet port of the device; Plug the powerline adapter into any AC electrical outlet. After a few seconds it will be up and running.

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One Button Security Setup (OBUS)
By default, powerline adapters come without a network identifier and without an encryption key. As a result, when they are plugged into the mains a new PLC network will be created (called public network). It will operate smoothly, but without a secure configuration. In other words, any nearby PLC adapter (wanted or unwanted) without network ID and encryption key connected to the same electrical grid will become part of this public PLC network. That is why it is recommended to configure a private PLC network (with a unique network identifier and encryption key) for guarantying the security of the home network. 4.1 Configuring a private powerline network

It is recommended to choose as Fixed AP the adapter that will be connected to the ISP broadband connection (i.e. DSL router, cable modem, etc.), if any, or to the data or media source device (i.e. Media Center PC, etc.). Only one Fixed AP must exist in the network. To configure a private powerline network, perform the following steps: 1. The first step is to configure the Fixed AP adapter. Press the CONFIG/F RST button for around two seconds until the AP indicator starts blinking to configure the selected adapter as a Fixed AP. Random Network ID and Encryption Key will be generated automatically and auto-configured. The AP indicator LED of the adapter will be solid orange; To add one or more EPs to the network, press the CONFIG/F RST button again in the AP adapter until its AP indicator starts blinking in order to open a configuration period (around 30 seconds); During the configuration period of the AP adapter you must press the CONFIG/F RST buttons for two seconds in the EP adapters until their AP indicator starts blinking; All the adapters complete the configuration process successfully when their AP indicator flashes three times for 0.5 seconds and they return to normal operation mode as EPs (their AP indicator will remain OFF). The only AP indicator that must remain ON is that of the AP adapter; If there is more than one AP device or if there is no AP device, refer to Section 7. Adding new powerline adapters to an existing private powerline network

5. 4.2

To add additional powerline devices to an existing network, perform the following steps: 1. Identify which is the AP adapter in an existing PLC network. The AP adapter always shows its AP indicator ON in orange. The other adapters are EPs and their AP indicators will be OFF; Next, press CONFIG/F RST button for around two seconds on the AP adapter until its AP indicator starts blinking. This opens a configuration period of 30 seconds; During this configuration period, press the CONFIG/F RST button on the new EP adapter(s) until their AP indicator starts blinking, then release the button. Exchanging of Network ID and Encryption Key between AP and new EPs is done automatically. All the new adapters and the AP device finish their configuration process successfully when their AP indicator flashes three times during 0.5 seconds. All adapters then return to normal operation mode belonging to the same powerline network.

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Factory reset procedure
Doing a Factory Reset, adapters configuration parameters are set back to their factory default, perform the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. Press an adapters CONFIG/F RST button for at least eight seconds (its AP indicator will be blinking). When AP indicator switches OFF, release the button; After five seconds, STATUS indicator will be also OFF; At this time, the adapter resets its configuration to factory default settings and auto-reboots; The adapter boots successfully and is configured as a new EP.
The most important factory settings in a DS2s powerline adapter are presented below, customers can change any factory setting parameter using API. Default IP is 10.10.1.69 Default configuration password is paterna Default factory reset password is betera Default MAC mode is IHAV Default node type is End Point Default network ID is the public network ID Default Encryption Key is none. Default CoS configuration is none.

Status indicator

The Status indicator shows the estimated available level of throughput at application layer in function of the defined thresholds. There are three levels of throughput indicated by three different colours of the LED. A particular adapter shows, with one colour, the throughput level with reference to the adapter sending the most data to it. In case of a network consisting of two adapters, they always show the level of throughput with reference to the other. However, in the case of a network of three or more adapters, each one internally measures the amount of bytes received from the other adapters in the network and only shows the level of throughput with reference to the one that is sending the most data. A throughput estimator also keeps track of the number of neighbouring networks since available bandwidth will be divided between them when sharing the PLC channel. The thresholds of application throughput are preconfigured in the system as shown in table below. However, they can be changed using SCP (Secure Configuration Protocol, that is DS2s layer 2 protocol) commands, Factory Settings or API to adapt them to customers needs. Colour RED ORANGE GREEN BLINKING in RED, ORANGE or GREEN Meaning Estimated Application Throughput < Threshold 1 (6Mbps) Threshold 1 (6Mbps) < Estimated Application Throughput < Threshold 2 (12Mbps) Estimated Application Throughput > Threshold 2 (12Mbps) Traffic in the Ethernet port (for each estimated throughput level)

The parameters that control the thresholds internally in the system via SCP or Factory Settings are four (LED_TH1, LED_TH2, LED_TH3 and LED_TH4), and depending on the percentage of errors measured in the channel they will be chosen to show the quality level in next way:

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DH10PF User Manual Threshold1 corresponds to: LED_TH3 for a percentage of errors in the channel lower than 5% LED_TH1 for a percentage of errors in the channel equal or higher than 5% Threshold2 corresponds to: LED_TH4 for a percentage of errors in the channel lower than 5% LED_TH2 for a percentage of errors in the channel equal or higher than 5% The PLC adapter is only aware of the PHY layer, and therefore the internal thresholds are referred to that layer, not the application throughput. The translation from PHY throughput to Estimated Application Throughput can be approximated by: 0.4*PHY = Application (if errors are > 5%) 0.5*PHY = Application (if errors are < 5%) That is why internally the default values for the thresholds (in Mbps) are the following. These values might be changed in order to fit customer requirements for Status indicator levels. 6.1 LED_TH1 = 15 LED_TH2 = 30 LED_TH3 = 12 LED_TH4 = 24 Point to point network Case 1: Estimated application throughput is less than 6 Mbps. The PLC channel is not able to transmit an SDTV channel. The Status indicator LED will be RED as shown in the following figure:
Case 2: Estimated application throughput is greater than 6 Mbps but less than 12 Mbps. The PLC channel is able to transmit an SDTV channel, but not two SDTV channels simultaneously or one HDTV channel. The Status indicator LED will be ORANGE as shown in the following figure:

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Case 3: Estimated application throughput is greater than 12 Mbps. The PLC channel is able to play at least two SDTV channels or 1 HDTV. The Status indicator LED will be GREEN as shown in the following figure:
Point to multipoint network
In the case where the PLC network is composed of three or more adapters, similar situations could arise as with a point to point network. These are illustrated in the following figures:

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The Status indicator in each adapter will show the estimated application level of the PLC link from which it is receiving the most amount of traffic at any given time. The Status indicator in PLC adapter 3, for example, could be showing a level of throughput available from PLC adapter 2 for a period of time as illustrated in the figure above. However, traffic flow could change through user intervention and then the Status indicator in PLC adapter 3 could show the level with reference to the PLC adapter 1 link, as shown in the following figure.

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DH10PF User Manual 6.3 Neighbouring networks
The Status indicator also takes into account the possibility of having neighbouring networks. In such a case, the throughput evaluator will divide the available bandwidth in two when there is visibility between any two networks since the PLC channel must be shared on a time basis. In the following figure, an example of an isolated network is first shown.
In next figure, the previous network (network 1) sees a new neighbouring network (network 2), and a new evaluation of throughput is made to show the user that channel conditions have changed and available bandwidth has decreased:

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Troubleshooting Guide
The powerline adapter has been designed to be a reliable and easy-to-use home network device. However, should you experience any problems, please refer to the list below to aid in troubleshooting. 1. There is more than one AP in the network because configuration protocol did not finish correctly: 2. There may be only one Fixed AP in a network. Verify that this is the case by examining the AP indicator LED for all adapters; If there is more than one AP, it means that key exchange process has failed; Perform a factory reset on the adapter you do not wish to be designated as an AP (see Section 5 for the Factory Reset procedure); Repeat network configuration procedure again (see Section 4.2).
SDTV video streaming is not running: Check the STATUS indicator LED in the adapter connected to the STB; If the indicator is RED this means that the PLC link is not able to play a SDTV streaming; Try to reposition the adapter in other outlet in order to obtain a ORANGE or GREEN indication; If indicator is ORANGE or GREEN, it should now be able to play an SDTV video. Verify this by confirming that the STATUS indicator LED is blinking when the video is running. This means that there is activity in the Ethernet connector; If the LED is not blinking check that the Ethernet cable is correctly connected; If the LED is blinking and there is still no video streaming, check the settings in devices connected to the PLC adapters (STB, DSL router, PC, video server, etc.).

HDTV video streaming is not running: Check the STATUS indicator LED in the adapter connected to the STB; If the indicator is RED or ORANGE this means that the PLC link is not able to play a HDTV streaming; Try to reposition the adapter in other outlet in order to obtain a GREEN indication; If the indicator is GREEN, it should now be able to play a HDTV video. Verify this by confirming that the STATUS indicator LED is blinking when the video is running. This means that there is activity in the Ethernet connector; If the LED is not blinking check that the Ethernet cables are correctly connected; If the LED is blinking and there is still no video streaming, check the settings in devices connected to PLC adapters (STB, DSL router, PC, video server, etc.).
Note: If the HDTV video bandwidth is lower than 12Mbps, it may be possible to stream the video with an ORANGE STATUS indicator in some cases.

Safety advise

DH10PF integrated outlet is rated for maximum 16A (recommended maximum 10A). Do not connect loads requiring higher currents.

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Abbreviations
The following is a list of abbreviations used in this manual.
Abbreviation 3DES AES AP DES EP FW GUI HDTV ISP NetID NVRAM PC PLC SDTV STB
Meaning Triple DES Advanced Encryption Standard Access Point Data Encryption Standard End Point Firmware Graphical User Interface High Definition TV Internet Service Provider Network Identifier Non-volatile RAM Personal Computer Powerline Communications Standard Definition TV Set Top Box

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2007 Design of Systems on Silicon S.A. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written consent of Design of Systems on Silicon. Design of Systems on Silicon will not take any responsibility for any errors resulting from the use of the information contained herein, nor take any responsibility for the misuse of its product. Design of Systems on Silicon reserves the right to make changes in its products or product specification to improve function or design at any time without notice.

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Deutschland: Tel.: 0761 / 00 Fax: 0761 / 28
Schweiz: Tel.: 061 / - 31 Fax: 061 / - 39
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