could also use an RGB camera with and without a single colored filter [4].) By imaging a calibration target with a number of colored patches (e.g., GretagMacbeth ColorChecker DC or SG), a transformation is derived that converts the six signals to spectral reflectance factor. In our research, spectral reflectance factor ranges between 380 and 730 nm in 10 nm increments with a constant 10 nm bandwidth. When referring to this technique, the term spectral estimation rather than spectral measurement is used because the system is mathematically underdetermined: six input channels predict 36 output channels. The general workflow is shown in Figure 1. We have used a Sinarback 54H digital back with Sinar P3 body, Sinaron Digital HR 100mm lens, and Sinar m shutter in our research [5]. The camera was modified by replacing the sensors blue-green cover glass with a clear cover glass. This extended the spectral sensitivity of the camera into the near infrared. A Sinar liquid crystal shutter was modified to hold the two filters. A pair of Broncolor Pulso G2 Xenon strobes were used to illuminate the object plane. The camera back had micro-positioning capabilities; the sensor was moved four times to position each color of the Bayer patterned CFA over every pixels spatial location. This is known as the four shot or four pop mode and results in full color images without spatial interpolation, but can only be used for static scenes. The four shots were repeated with each filter in front of the lens, resulting in an eight shot or eight pop mode. Capture was controlled by a modified version of Sinars CaptureShop software. For each exposure time, the software captured an image with the shutter closed and subtracted this dark-image from subsequent exposures. The software also applied a multiplicative spatial correction called the sensor shading reference that compensated for pixel-wise differences in the cameras gain. Both operations were transparent from the users perspective. The resulting eight-plane image was stored in Sinars, TIFF based, STI file format. The remaining image processing steps were implemented using the programming language, Matlab [6]. The next step was to re-assemble each pair of four-planes into a pair of three-plane images. The spectral sensitivity of the Bayer-patterned CCD varied slightly for green
pixels that were adjacent to either red or to blue pixels. For the three-plane image, only the red, blue, and red-adjacent green pixels were used. The physical movement of the two filters resulted in a registration difference between the pair of three-plane images, typically on the order of ten pixels (about 0.25%). Using the public domain software library, ITK [7], and assuming that the images varied only in translation, the images were registered by applying a transformation calculated from a small user-defined region of the image. (A more robust approach is a future activity.) A multiplicative spatial correction was applied to compensate for spatially non-uniform lighting, commonly used to accentuate surface topography such as impasto. The correction was based on an image of a neutral background, shot under the same conditions as the object. A transformation matrix was derived from a calibration target of known spectral reflectance factors. The transformation matrix was used to convert the six-channel image to a 36channel image, resulting in an estimate of the objects spectral reflectance factor as a function of position. The calibration procedure is described in the next section. For most applications, the spectral image was rendered for a specific CIE illuminant and observer using conventional colorimetric calculations. For the case of an ICC color-managed workflow, this was CIE Illuminant D50 and the 1931 standard observer. The rendering produced a digital master saved as a 16-bit CIELAB TIFF file with linear encoding with respect to CIELAB (similar to reciprocal gamma encoding of 1/2.4). For archiving purposes, we anticipate storing the registered spatially-corrected sixchannel images along with corresponding calibration meta-data using the DNG file format.

Gamblin Pigments Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 0.8 2.6 0.4 1.3 1.4 4.6 0.9 2.8 1.7 6.9 1.2 2.9 2.9 11.9 2.3 5.7 1.1 2.3 0.4 1.6 1.9 4.9 1.1 3.5 2.9 6.4 1.4 4.9 5.1 14.1 3.0 8.5
Table 4. Spectral performance for the two RIT systems and a best-case computation where the same target was used for both calibration and verification. Matched Calibration and Verification Best Case MCSL-Sinar Metameric Index (D65A) (E00) Spectral RMS (%) Quantix-LCTF Metameric Index (D65A) (E00) Spectral RMS (%) MCSL-Sinar Metameric Index (D65A) (E00) Spectral RMS (%) ColorChecker DC and Blues Calibration ColorChecker DC and Blues Calibration
ColorChecker DC Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 0.4 3.8 0.4 0.9 1.3 3.9 0.6 2.2 0.3 3.0 0.4 0.9 ColorChecker Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 0.4 1.6 0.4 0.8 1.3 2.9 0.6 2.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.5 Blue Pigments Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.2 0.5 1.7 0.3 1.2 0.3 0.8 1.4 3.1 0.6 2.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.8 1.8 3.4 0.7 2.8 1.5 3.6 0.7 2.6 0.6 1.6 0.5 1.4 2.2 4.1 0.9 3.4 1.2 9.4 0.8 1.9 0.4 3.1 0.5 0.8 1.4 3.8 0.7 2.2
Gamblin Pigments Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.5 1.7 3.5 0.8 2.8 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.8 2.0 5.3 1.0 3.3 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.6 2.4 5.5 1.3 4.2
Table 5. Colorimetric performance summary for the three camera systems for Pot of Geraniums. ColorChecker DC and Blues Calibration Quantix-LCTF Digital Master E00 Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 2.3 9.6 1.9 4.3 E*ab 3.3 12.4 2.4 6.0 Gamblin Conservation Colors Calibration MCSL-Sinar Digital Master E00 2.7 11.7 2.2 4.6 E*ab 3.7 14.3 2.8 7.5 ColorChecker SG Calibration NGA-Sinar ICC Color Managed E00 3.5 12.2 2.2 6.4 E*ab 4.8 14.2 2.9 9.3 ColorChecker SG Calibration and Visual Editing NGA-Sinar Digital Master E00 5.8 13.0 2.1 8.6 E*ab 7.4 16.1 3.0 10.9
Table 6. Spectral performance summary for the two RIT camera systems for Pot of Geraniums. ColorChecker DC and Blues Calibration Quantix-LCTF Digital Master MI (D65A) Average Maximum Std. Dev. 90Prctile 0.3 2.2 0.4 0.6 sRMS 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Gamblin Conservation Colors Calibration MCSL-Sinar Digital Master MI (D65A) 0.6 1.7 0.4 1.2 sRMS 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Figures

Figure 1. RITs digital workflow. Areas in green are camera software processing. Areas in pink are RIT software processing.
Figure 2. Spectral transmittance of optimized filters described in Table 1.
Figure 3. Absolute quantum efficiency (spectral sensitivity) of the Kodak KAF 22000CE color filter array (data provided by the Eastman Kodak Company).
Figure 4. Normalized (to peak height) spectral sensitivities of the Kodak KAF 22000CE color filter array with each optimized filter in the optical path. Solid lines represent the blue-green filter sandwich and the dashed lines represent the yellow filter sandwich. (The detector cover glass and lens spectral transmittances are not included.)

Create with unmatched power
Timesaving le handling with Adobe Bridge (formerly the File Browser)
Multitasking Take advantage of compact oating mode in Adobe Bridge to process images while simultaneously working in Photoshop CS2 or other CS2 applications. Viewing options Easily browse your Adobe Creative Suite and other graphics les in Adobe Bridge; present your images with features like Slideshow and Filmstrip mode; scale thumbnails to any size using a slider; and view and edit metadata. Automated batch processing Automatically process batches of images in Adobe Bridge to rename, convert format, adjust exposure, create a Web gallery or Adobe PDF Presentation, and more. Rating and labeling Quickly rate and label photos in Adobe Bridge so you can instantly bring up your best shots. Sophisticated search Easily nd any image using sophisticated search capabilities in Adobe Bridge that let you specify a variety of parameters. Save searches as Collections that you can recall anytime.
Professional color and tone control
Match Color command Achieve a consistent look between package shots, fashion photos, and more by instantly matching the color scheme of one image to another. Color Replacement tool Easily change the color of any image area while retaining the original texture and shading. 32-bit High Dynamic Range (HDR) support Create and edit 32-bit images, and combine multiple exposures into a single, 32-bit image with expanded rangefrom the deepest shadows to the brightest highlights.
Histogram palette Monitor color changes to your image in the Histogram palette, which dynamically updates as you make adjustments.

New or enhanced feature

Shadow/Highlight correction Quickly improve the contrast of over- or underexposed areas of an image, including CMYK images, while preserving the overall balance of the photo.
Color management guidance Get precise, consistent color from display to output with helpful color management guidance.
Intelligent image editing
Revolutionary Vanishing Point Achieve amazing results in a fraction of the time with the groundbreaking Vanishing Point, which lets you clone, paint, and paste elements that automatically match the perspective of the surrounding image area. Image Warp Easily create packaging mock-ups or other dimensional eects by wrapping an image around any shape or stretching, curling, and bending an image using Image Warp. Spot Healing Brush Eortlessly retouch photosincluding 16-bit imagesin a single click with the advanced power of the new Photoshop CS2 Spot Healing Brush.

Storage Three internal drive bays on independent 150MB/s Serial ATA channels (server configurations; empty drive bays contain blank modules); or one internal drive bay on 150MB/s Serial ATA channel (cluster node configuration) Up to 1.2TB of internal storage1 using hot-plug Apple Drive Modules (server configurations), available in the following capacities: 80GB 7200-rpm SATA with 8MB disk cache 250GB 7200-rpm SATA with 8MB disk cache 400GB 7200-rpm SATA with 8MB disk cache Support for reading SMART data from Apple Drive Modules for prefailure notification Slot-loading Combo drive (DVD-ROM/CD-RW) or optional SuperDrive (DVD-R/CD-RW)2 Rack support Fits EIA-310-Dcompliant, industry-standard 19-inch-wide racks, including: Four-post racks: 24 inches, 26 inches, and from 29 to 36 inches deep Two-post telco racks (center-mount brackets included) Cable management arm for four-post rack Front-to-back cooling for rack enclosure Electrical requirements Line voltage: universal input (90V to 264V AC), power factor corrected Maximum input current: 4A (90V to 132V) or 2A (180V to 264V) Frequency: 47Hz to 63Hz, single phase Output power: 400W Environmental requirements and approvals Operating temperature: 50 to 95 F (10 to 35 C) Storage temperature: 40 to 116 F (40 to 47 C) Relative humidity: 5% to 95% noncondensing Maximum altitude: 10,000 feet FCC Class A approved
Xserve RAID Connect Xserve to Apples affordable Xserve RAID storage solution for enormous capacityup to 5.6TB1and advanced data protection in a highavailability 3U enclosure.
Size and weight Height: 1.73 inches (4.4 cm) Width: 17.6 inches (44.7 cm) for mounting in standard 19-inch rack Depth: 28 inches (71.1 cm) Weight: 33.3 pounds (15.11 kg); 36.6 pounds (16.62 kg) with three Apple Drive Modules4

For More Information

For more information about Xserve G5, Xserve RAID, Xsan, and other Apple server solutions, visit www.apple.com/server. For more information on AppleCare service and support products, visit www.apple.com/support/products.
1For hard drive capacity measurements, 1GB = 1 billion bytes and 1TB = 1 trillion bytes; actual formatted capacity less 2Server
configurations only; the cluster node configuration has one drive bay and no optical drive and includes a 10-client license for Mac OS X Server. 3Check with manufacturer for compatibility. 4Weight varies by configuration and manufacturing process. 2005 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Apple, the Apple logo, FireWire, Mac, Mac OS, Velocity Engine, and Xserve are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. SuperDrive and Xsan are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. AppleCare is a service mark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. Product specifications are subject to change without notice. January 2005 L307491A

Xserve RAID Configurations
Order number Price (U.S. MSRP) Total available storage RAID 0 Usable storageRAID 1 Usable storage RAID 3 and 5 Apple Drive Modules On-drive cache Controller cache Expansion Also included Software Service and support M9721LL/A $5999 1TB1 500GB1 750GB1 Four 250GB drives1 8MB per drive 512MB per controller M9722LL/A $8499 2.8TB1 1.2TB1 2.4TB1 Seven 400GB drives1 8MB per drive 512MB per controller M9723LL/A $12,999 5.6TB1 2.4TB1 4.8TB1 Fourteen 400GB drives1 8MB per drive 512MB per controller
Fourteen drive bays with independent Ultra ATA channels for up to 5.6TB of storage1 Mounting screws with M5, M6, and 10/32-inch threads; caged nuts; two agencyapproved 12-foot power cables RAID Admin Tools CD 90 days of telephone support and one-year limited warranty; optional extended service and support products
Note: 250GB drives are also available in 7- and 14-drive configurations.
Specification Sheet Xserve RAID
Third-party certifications Leading storage infrastructure vendors have certified Xserve RAID for integration with existing Fibre Channel hardware and data management solutions, including: QLogic Brocade Emulex LSI Logic VERITAS ATTO Technology Candera Cisco In addition to Mac OS X and Mac OS X Server, Xserve RAID has been qualified for use on these operating systems: Windows Server 2003 Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Professional Red Hat Enterprise Linux v2.1 and v3 Novell NetWare v5.x and v6.x SUSE Enterprise Server 9 Yellow Dog Linux v3
Storage Fourteen drive bays on independent 100MB/s channels supporting up to 5.6TB of total storage1 using Apple Drive Modules, available in the following capacities: 250GB 7200-rpm Ultra ATA with 8MB disk cache 400GB 7200-rpm Ultra ATA with 8MB disk cache and rotational vibration safeguard Empty drive bays contain blank modules Support for reading SMART data from Apple Drive Modules for prefailure notification RAID controllers and cache memory Dual independent controllers, each with an environment management coprocessor for out-ofband remote management and monitoring 512MB of cache memory per controller (1GB total) Cache Backup Battery Modules (sold separately) for over 72 hours of memory protection RAID operation Support for RAID levels 0, 1, 3, 5, 0+1,10, 30, and 50 (10, 30, and 50 using host-based software RAID) Support for multiple RAID sets, multiple hosts, and LUN masking and mapping Background RAID set creation; automatic variable background rebuilding5; online expansion; LUN slicing; global drive hot sparing (per RAID controller) Fibre Channel storage-to-host connection Dual 2Gb Fibre Channel ports (SFP); 200MB/s throughput per channel with guaranteed bandwidth (400MB/s full duplex)2 Host connectivity using 2Gb Apple Fibre Channel PCI-X Card (sold separately) or compatible thirdparty PCI and PCI-X cards Support for point-to-point, loop, and switched fabric topologies Dual 10/100BASE-T Ethernet interfaces for remote management

The easiest way to deliver true-to-life color reproduction
ColorChecker Custom White Balance Chart
The ColorChecker Custom White Balance Chart delivers absolutely accurate white reproduction under any lighting condition. How? Most white balance targets arent neutral. That means your camera shifts the way it reproduces white depending on the lighting conditions warmer under indoor lighting, cooler under outdoor lighting and greener under uorescent lighting. The ColorChecker Custom White Balance Chart is an absolute neutral white reference, so it prevents these shifts. The result. more true-to-life image reproduction.

3-Step Gray Scale

The ColorChecker 3-Step Gray Scale lets you instantly balance your images. A white, 18% gray and black target all on a single card make color adjustments faster and easier with your favorite photo processing software. Plus, the ColorChecker 3-Step Gray Scale makes studio lighting setup faster.
Scientically developed to maximize the power of digital cameras

Digital ColorChecker SG

Nothing transforms the power of your digital camera like the Digital ColorChecker SG. Its the original ColorChecker and more - all in a single chart!
Heres what it can do for you:
Compare your digital reproduction to a real-life scene or test target Create a white balance Prole your camera or input device With 140 highly saturated, semi-gloss colors, you gain the widest color gamut for the most accurate ICC proles. Plus, the chart works with our popular ProleMaker 5 Photostudio and other camera proling software.

ColorChecker Charts

Custom White Balance Chart

Description

Achieve accurate white reproduction in ambient light Size: 8.5 x 11 in. (21.59 x 27.94 cm) Achieve realistic color with accurate white balance. Includes white, 18% gray and black targets. Enable quick color adjustments and faster studio lighting setup. Size: 8.5 x 11 in. (21.59 x 27.94 cm) Reproduce true-to-life colors under any illumination with any medium. Includes 24 natural object colors Size: 8.5 x 11 in. (21.59 x 27.94 cm) Obtain the most accurate digital camera proles 140 colors including: 17-step gray scale 24-patch original ColorChecker 14 unique skin tone colors Works with Prolemaker 5 Photostudio Size: 8.5 x 11 in. (21.59 x 27.94 cm)

3-Step Gray Scale Chart

Original ColorChecker 24-Patch Standard Chart

Digital ColorChecker -SG

Spectacular Color Made Easy!
ColorChecker products are the rst step in consistent color reproduction. GretagMacbeth provides a complete range of color management solutions for the digital workow. Call today for the solution thats right for you. Visit www.gretagmacbeth.com

Individual Notes 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 20: 21: 22: 23: 24: 25: 26: 27:

page 2 of 4

Requires MATLAB Available only for Windows Prerequisite for all products on this page Requires Signal Processing Toolbox Requires Real-Time Workshop Requires Stateow Requires MATLAB Report Generator Requires Fixed-Point Toolbox Requires Control System Toolbox Available only for Windows, Solaris, or Linux Requires xPC Target Requires Signal Processing Blockset Requires Communications Toolbox Requires Link for Code Composer Studio. Simulink Fixed Point recommended Requires Communications Blockset Requires Simulink for blockset portion of product Requires RF Toolbox Requires Real-Time Workshop Embedded Coder Requires Link for Code Composer Studio and Simulink Fixed Point Requires Simulink and Simulink Fixed Point for use with Simulink features Requires Optimization Toolbox Real-Time Workshop Embedded Coder recommended Optimization Toolbox recommended Genetic Algorithm and Direct Search Toolbox recommended Requires Simulink Fixed Point for generating xed point code Requires Simulink Fixed Point for simulation of xed point data types Requires Image Processing Toolbox
PC-Based Rapid Control Prototyping and HIL xPC Target 2, 5 4,000 xPC Target Embedded Option 11 4,000 xPC TargetBox11 see xPC TargetBox price list Real-Time Windows Target 2, 5 2,000 Embedded Targets 2, 5 Embedded Target for Inneon C166 Microcontrollers 18 Embedded Target for Motorola HCEmbedded Target for Motorola MPCEmbedded Target for OSEK/VDX 18 Embedded Target for TI C2000 DSP 4, 19, 22 Embedded Target for TI C6000 DSP 4, 12,
14 Verication, Validation, and Testing Link for Code Composer Studio 2, 4 Link for ModelSim 10, 20 Simulink Verication and Validation

4,000 3,000 3,000

4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000

1,000 700

1,000 2,000 1,000

1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000

1,000 1,000 2,000 2,000 1,000
Prices are per unit, listed in U.S. dollars, valid for program installation and use in the U.S. or Canada only, and are subject to change without notice. Products are available on Windows, UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X unless otherwise indicated. For information on currently supported hardware and operating systems, visit www.mathworks.com/support/sysreq/ Please contact your sales representative for pricing on enterprise-based license options.

91012v19

2 days $1,days $1,day $days $1,days $1,day 1 day $600 $600
$5,500 Up to 10 students $200 Each additional student

Two Days of Training

$10,000 Up to 10 students $400 Each additional student

Three Days of Training

2 days $1,day 1 day 1 day 1 day 1 day 1 day 1 day $600 $600 $550 $600 $550 $600 $600
$13,500 Up to 10 students $600 Each additional student

Four Days of Training

$17,000 Up to 10 students $800 Each additional student

Five Days of Training

$20,000 Up to 10 students $1,000 Each additional student The MathWorks may offer advanced or customized courses at your location upon request. For pricing and availability, please contact your sales representative or send e-mail to info@mathworks.com All courses and included materials will be in accordance with our Corporate Training Agreement. Discounts do not apply.

2 days $1,day $550

2 days $1,day 1 day 1 day $550 $600 $600

2 days $1,200

Optimization Toolbox 3
Solve standard and large-scale optimization problems
The Optimization Toolbox extends the MATLAB technical computing environment with tools and widely used algorithms for standard and large-scale optimization. These algorithms solve constrained and unconstrained continuous and discrete problems. The toolbox includes functions for linear programming, quadratic programming, nonlinear optimization, nonlinear least squares, nonlinear equations, multi-objective optimization, and binary integer programming. MATLAB and the Optimization Toolbox let you easily define models, gather data, manage model formulations, and analyze results. They give engineers and scientists the tools needed to find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analysis, balance multiple design alternatives, and quickly incorporate optimization methods in their algorithms and models. Toolbox functions, which can be accessed via the MATLAB command line, are written in the open MATLAB language. This means that you can inspect the algorithms, modify the source code, and create your own custom functions.

Spectral Analysis Tools

The Signal Processing Toolbox provides capabilities for frequency-domain analysis and spectral estimation, including tools for measuring power spectral density, mean-square spectrum, and average power. Several of these methods are based on a highly optimized fast Fourier transform. The spectral analysis methods include Welch, Burg, modified covariance, Yule-Walker, the multitaper method, and the MUSIC method.
Digital Filter Design Methods
A full suite of design methods is available for finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filters. These methods support the rapid design and evaluation of lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop, and multiband filters, such as Butterworth, Chebyshev, elliptic, Yule-Walker, window-based, least squares, and ParksMcClellan (real and complex). Available filter structures include the direct forms I and II, lattice, lattice-ladder, and second-order sections.
FDATool provides access to most FIR and IIR filter design methods in the toolbox. Additionally, you can: Design filters by graphically placing poles and zeros in the z-plane Analyze filters by examining magnitude, phase, impulse, and step responses, group delay, and pole-zero plots Generate C header files Import designed filters and filter coefficients stored in the MATLAB workspace and export filter coefficients Access additional filter design methods and quantization features in the Filter Design Toolbox (available separately) Magnitude response of the specified digital filter, created using FVTool. Data markers determine the frequency and magnitude values of any chosen data point.
FVTool lets you view the characteristics of a designed or imported filter, including its magnitude response, phase response, group delay, pole-zero plot, impulse response, and step response. SPTool provides access to signal, filter, and spectral analysis functions. You can: Measure and analyze the time-domain information of one or more signals and send audio signal to the PCs sound card Apply the filter to a selected signal Graphically analyze frequency-domain data using a variety of spectral estimation methods, including Burg, FFT, multitaper (MTM), MUSIC, eigenvector, Welch, and Yule-Walker AR

Measures of central tendency (measures of
location), including average, median, and various means
Reduce a large set of variables to a more
manageable but still representative set Multivariate statistics tasks supported by the Statistics Toolbox include:
Measures of dispersion (measures of
spread), including range, variance, standard deviation, and mean absolute deviation
Factor analysis Principal components analysis (PCA) Factor rotation Cluster analysis (both hierarchical and

k-means)

Linear and rank correlation Results based on data with missing values Percentile and quartile estimates Bootstrap statistics Density estimates (using a kernel smoothing function) These functions help you summarize the values in a data sample with a few highly relevant numbers.
One- and two-sample t tests One-sample z test Nonparametric tests for one sample Nonparametric tests for two independent

samples

Discriminate analysis Multivariate ANOVA Multidimensional scaling (classical, metric,

and nonmetric)

Distribution tests (Jarque-Bera, Lilliefors,

and Kolmogorov-Smirnov)

Multivariate plotting
Comparison of distributions (two-sample

Kolmogorov-Smirnov)

Left: A model of a chemical reaction of an experiment using the Design-of-Experiments and surface fitting capabilities of the Statistics Toolbox.

Industrial Statistics

The Statistics Toolbox provides a set of functions that support statistical process control (SPC). These functions enable you to monitor and improve products or processes by evaluating process variability. Designof- Experiments (DOE) functions help you create and test practical plans for gathering data for statistical modeling. These plans show you how to manipulate your data inputs in tandem to generate information about their effect on the outputs. The Statistics Toolbox supports two areas of industrial statistics: Right: Fitting a decision tree to data. The fitting capabilities in the Statistics Toolbox let you visualize a decision tree by drawing a diagram of the decision rule and group assignments.

Sinar m for Modular

The Sinar m is more than just a shutter system for the Sinar p3 view camera. It is also exceptionally versatile, which will please those who are looking for flexibility and profitability for their money: The Sinar m can be extended piece by piece to become a medium format or a 35 mm camera. Together with the Sinarback digital backs and a growing number of mirror modules for different makes of lenses it can be turned into either the perfect 35 mm camera, capable of taking extreme wideangle shots; or, in combination with the Sinarback 54, into a medium format camera with the largest digital sensor on the market. A selection of waist-level and prism viewfinders make the Sinar m the first camera for universal usage. Microprocessors in all modules ensure that the components interact perfectly, guaranteeing the highest precision and reliability.
Sinar m: High-precision focal plain shutter with 1/2000 th of a second shutter speed for the fastest professional view camera of all time ideal for outdoor photography.
Sinar m: Extendable to become a medium format or 35 mm camera. With electronically controlled mirror modules ideal for digital photography.
.Optimized for the Digital Era.

Intelligently Digital

The Sinar p3 has been tailored uncompromisingly to function with Sinarback high-end digital backs. For this reason, electrical contacts have mostly been integrated into the camera, and the number of cables required reduced to a minimum. Depending on the type of Sinarback used, data transfer is carried out either via a modern firewire connection, or via a well-proven fiberoptic connection. This way the Sinar p3 is well-equipped for use both in the studio and also, in combination with a Notebook, on location. Combined with the optional Liquid Crystal Shutter, the live image allows perfect focusing with maximum ease. Integrated cabling and gold-plated contacts for dependable, computer-controlled operation.

Sinaron Digital Lenses

With the Sinaron Digital series, Sinar offers a comprehensive range of lenses that are optimally tailored to the resolution of the high-end CCD sensors. These lenses provide the photographer maximum sharpness of focus, high contrast, and outstanding color fidelity. There are two different lens mounts available. For use with the Sinar m, the lenses can be built in the auto aperture mount (CAB). This allows for comfortable operation either through the camera or the capturing software, and shutter speeds of up to 1/2000th of a second can be achieved. These lenses are available with focal lengths between 28 and 210 mm. Used in combination with the Sinar p3, with or without the Sinar m, the lenses can be built into compact, electronic between-thelens shutters with shutter speeds of up to 1/60th of a second and manual aperture control (CMV). Lenses in this mount are available from 28 to 150 mm.

.except more resolution

Resolution with a sharp bite: The new Sinarback 54 makes photographs possible with unique sharpness, brilliance, in the rectangular format and with the detail fidelity of large format camera.
Camera Platforms Sinarback 54

Technical Data

Sinarback Digital Backs Digital camera back for exposures made with any kind of light: Sinarback 54 H: 1-, 4- and 16-shot Sinarback 54 S: 1-shot Sensor dimensions: Sinarback 54: 49,0 mm x 36,7 mm Sensor resolution: Sinarback 54: 5440 x 4080 pixels Data sizes (at 16 bit TIFF): Sinarback 54: 1-shot 130 MB; 4-shot 130 MB; 16-shot 510 MB Full color information without color interpolation in the 4- and 16-shot modes
The new Sinarback 54 can be adapted to practically all medium format cameras. This eliminates the limitation to a specific camera system. To change the camera, all the photographer needs to do is to change adapter boards. That makes it possible to achieve the maximum resolution of more than 22 million pixels with most modern medium format cameras practically without the need for increased focal lengths. The Sinarback 54 can be used universally with most computers without modifications.
Sinar System for every application

Size counts!

For more than 50 years the name Sinar has been standing for a comprehensive modular camera system in the field of high-end studio photography always based on the principle of better photographs. With the new Sinarback 54, digital technology is also entering the realm of 1-shot large format photography ideal for all applications in studios, for architecture, landscapes, using the very same digital back on almost every medium format camera without a significant need for an increased focal lengths.
The Sinar p3 is a view camera optimized for digital photography - ideal for mobile applications and, of course, for studio applications as well. With integrated cabling, a shutter with very low vibration and asymmetrical swing- and tilt axes in a live image, it represents the optimal digital studio solution. Photos: SINAR AG, Franz Venzin, Claudia Fagagnini, Thomas Entzeroth, Fotostudio Artisan Printed in Switzerland Technical modifications reserved 889.02/09.88.002 e 01.3302 SINAR AG, Switzerland With the new Sinar m camera, Sinar is the very first manufacturer to offer a fully modular high-end camera for use with 35 mm camera lenses, medium format lenses and Sinaron digital lenses.
y ensibl first s The ystem s mera a ular c mod orld! w in the

Distributed by:

BC-112 Imaging Power

Issue 1 04/04

imaging

BOWENS

355 Old Road Clacton on Sea Essex CO15 3RH United Kingdom www.bowens.co.uk

Writing with Light

Photography has come a long way in 150 years, but no matter what advances are made in camera technology there can be no substitute for perfect light. For photographers, the digital age is all about speed, performance and consistency. The latest power packs from Bowen's push the limits of technology to the very edge to ensure that today's digital photographer can depend on them again and again for the perfect shot every time.
2004 Photo by Art Wise Photography
QUADX finger-tip precision
Ready indicator IR remote receptor Outlet On/Off switches Power level displays Channel A adjustment Photocell Switch IR Remote Switch Modelling Lamp On/Off Menu Navigation Keys Photocell receptor
Channel B adjustmnet Overall Power adjustment Flash test button
PRECISION, POWER & CONSISTENT COLOUR OUTPUT
With flash durations as fast as 1/7000 of a second, QUADX from Bowens sets new standards for studio lighting in todays digital world. www.bowens.co.uk
The Heart of the QUADX System.
The QUADX is a powerful, four-channel pack with precise power adjustments and dependable repeatability. With a maximum power of 3000w/s and a minimum of just 31w/s with one head - a power range of 7.6 f/stops! The QUADX offers a wide range of lighting control options with precision adjustments and a user-friendly control panel that lets you know exactly how much power is coming out of each head, the flash duration and a host of other vital statistics, all at the press of a button.
Consistent Colour and Short Flash Durations.
The unique power-management system of the QUADX constantly monitors and adjusts capacitor performance to ensure complete output accuracy and consistency, retaining a colour temperatre of 5800 K, 2%. The units capacitor switching delivers greater colour consistency over the entire power range in addition to providing flash durations as short as 1/1430 sec. with a single head at full power (1/7100 sec. with two heads at 250w/s).

The QUADX Control Panel

The control panel of the QUADX is simple and intuitive to use. Power is divided into two

Advanced QUADX Features

With its sophisticated circuitry, the QUADX gives the photographer access to many advanced features including trigger delay, flash counter, joules/percentage display, multi-flash mode, memory function and more. Other features offered by the QUADX include:

Head Failure Indication

The QUADX will indicate that a head has failed to fire and the pack will not fire again until that head is switched off.
independent channels, A and B, one having a maximum power of 2000w/s (A), the other (B) 1000w/s. Each channel controls two flash-head outlets in 1/10-stop increments. When more than one head is used in the same channel, the power of that channel will be divided equally between those two heads. When a head is

Special Effect Modes

Choose from trigger delay, trigger skip and multi-trigger setup to fire up to nine packs at different intervals or sequentially.

Auto Bracketing

Bracketing flash exposures is easy with the QUADX. You can set up to three bracketing intervals from 1/10 to 9/10-stop and monitor the bracketing sequence and see what each power level will be on the LCD display.

Precision Power Controls and Repeatable Performance.
Digital capturing devices require a much greater degree of exposure accuracy than film materials. The QUADX lets you control the flash output of each head in 1/10-stop increments and offers repeatable output flash after flash, which is ideal for multi-shot camera backs.
Most Efficient Charging System.
The QUADX features an advanced charging system that is extremely efficient and extends the life of the packs capacitors. The automatic mode provides a slow initial charge when the unit is switched on and then, by monitoring the temperature of the capacitors, offers the fastest possible recharging times.

Overload Protection

The QUADX has two cut-out switches that can be quickly reset should any overload be experienced.
connected to Channel B, the pack automatically becomes asymmetric. Once lighting ratio or

Infrared Remote

The QUADX features an IR remote control system that allows the photographer full control of the pack from up to 10m (30').
contrast levels are set, power level adjustments can be made to acheive perfect exposures.

www.bowens.co.uk

Lights. Action. Smash!
The QUADX is capable of fast flash durations over 1/7000 of a second*, making it perfect for fashion and stop-action special effects photography. At full-power of 3000w/s the flash duration is 1/1430 of a second, almost twice as fast as its nearest competitor. As the power level is reduced, the QUADX gets quicker, making it faster than any other generator or compact flash unit on the market. In this shot of a mallet smashing a light bulb, to acheive the fastest flash duration two flash heads were used to illuminate the subject, one from above and one from below.
* With power set at 1/500 of a second and two QUADX flash heads.
Lightning fast flash-durations capture split-second action!

Product Shot on Page 6

Lighting: Camera: Photographer: One QUADX 3000 pack Two QUADX heads Canon EOS 1Ds Digital SLR Art Wise

Portrait on Page 1

Lighting: Camera: Two QUADX 3000 packs Three QUADX heads Canon EOS 1Ds Digital SLR
Photographer: Art Wise Model: Stylist: Agency: Kimberly Meloney Alfred Lester Ford Modeling Agency

QUADX 3000 Studio Kit

This basic QUADX Flash Kit not only gives you a complete lighting system, it will save you money! This kit includes a QUADX Power Pack, two QUADX Flash Heads, power cord and sync cord. Infrared sold separately. BW7700

QUAD 2400 Studio Kit

The QUAD 2400 is also available as a money saving studio kit. This kit includes a QUAD 2400 generator, two QUADX Flash Heads, power cord and sync cord. BW7720

QUADX 3000 Generator

Four flash head outlets with power divided into two independent channels Power output from 3000w/s down to 31w/s with one head (down to 16w/s with two heads!) Colour consistency varies no more than 200 K when operating between 250 and 3000w/s An advanced charging system operates most efficiently and extends capacitor life Flash durations faster than 1/7000 sec. are made possible with the use of triple electrode flash tubes in the QUADX head Auto-bracketing is easy to set up with three-intervals from 1/10 to 9/10-stop An optional IR Remote Control System allows photographer to control all functions up to 30 feet away Variable-speed cooling fans respond to internal temperature changes to ensure peak performance BW7600
QUAD 2400 Generator Specifications
Stored energy: Power range: Recycle time: Flash duration: 3000w/s 31 - 3000w/s with one head (6.6-stops) 16 - 3000w/s with two heads (7.6-stops) 0.4 - 2.0 sec. 1/7100 - 1/1430 sec.
Flash head outlets: 4 (in two independent channels)
Power adjustment: 1/10-stop Colour temperature:5800 K (2% from 3000 to 200w/s) Sync voltage: Stabilisation: Dimensions: Weight: 6V 0.1 f/stop 7 (w) x 14 /4 (l) x 14 /2 (h)
Two flash head outlets with power divided into two independent channels Variable power range over a six stop range Power output frm 2400w/s down to 37w/s Flash-voltage stabilisation 1% at maximum power Choice of four modelling settings in two modes: continuous and intermittent Low voltage synchronization (6V) is safe for digital cameras Overload protection from 15A thermal breakers for charge and modelling Switchable photo cell Switchable audio ready signal BW7620

Specifications

Stored energy: Power range: Recycle time: Flash duration: 2400w/s 37 -2400w/s (6-stops) 3 sec (fast) / 5 sec. (slow) 1/600 (600w/s) / 1/400 sec. (2400w/s)
Flash head outlets: 2 (in two independent channels)
Power adjustment: /3stop Colour temperature:5600 K (with UV flash tube) Sync voltage: Stabilisation: Dimensions: Weight: 6V 0.1% 18 x 28 x 34cm (7 x 11 x 131/2) 9.5 kg (21 lbs)

25.5 lbs.

Power On/Off Switch

Power Cord Outlet

Flash head Sockets

Sync. Sockets

Fast/Slow Recycle Switch Master Power Level Control Channel A Power Level Display Channel A Power Level Control Channel B Power Level Display Channel B Power Level Control Modelling Lamp Mode Audio Ready On/Off Photo Cell On/Off Flash Test Button
QUAD 2400 Flash performance you can depend on.
THE PACK BUILT WITH DIGITAL USERS IN MIND

Using capacitor switching, the QUAD 2400 ensures total colour consistency. The power can be adusted in 1/3 f-stops, perfect for digital work.

QUAD Power Versatility.

With two channels, choose from taking the full 2400Ws from a single socket, or dividing the power across two channels giving a wide selection of powers. Once the pack is switched to its asymmetrical mode, two channels, each with a maximum power of 1200w/s are available. As each can be adjusted independently of the other a great deal of lighting flexibility can be achieved.
Colour Consistency Mastered.
The overall power of the pack can be reduced using a system of capacitor switching. By reducing the number of capacitors being used a greater level of colour consistency can be achieved. In practice this means that the QUAD 2400 can be switched from 2400w/s, to 1200w/s to 600w/s with less than 70K shift in colour temperature.
The QUAD 2400 Control Panel
The control panel of the QUAD 2400 is designed for quick and easy use. There are two flashhead outlets, each operating on its own independent channel with a maximum power of 1200w/s each. A master control provides twostops of power control in one-stop increments,

Other QUAD 2400 Features

The QUAD 2400 offers a host of features that are designed to make the photographers job easier:

Unique Modelling Modes

Intermittent modelling mode extinguishes all modelling lamps when the pack is fired and turns them back on again when the pack is 100% recycled. This provides a visual indication that the pack, and each head, has been successfully triggered and recycled.

Two sync. sockets

Two conveniently located sync. sockets allow you to simultaneously connect your pack to your camera and your light meter without time consuming disconnections and reconnections. These sync sockets can also be used for IR or radio triggers such as the Bowens Pulsar; for wireless triggering.
Flash Voltage Stabilisation
To ensure consistently dependable output the QUAD 2400 offers 1% flash-voltage stabilisation at maximum power.

QUAD Precision Power.

Flash power can be adjusted in accurate steps of 1/3rd f-stop, offering excellent control of exposure. Large LED displays show clearly the Ws output per channel. Each channel can be adjusted over three f-stops. With a minimum power output of just 37w/s the QUAD 2400 has a range of 6 f-stops.

Modelling Lamp Control.

In addition to selecting full power modelling or lamps in proportion, a new Auto setting will set the modelling lamp of the brightest head to maximum, even when the overall flash power of the pack is set at a low level. This helps the photographer preview their lighting, even at the lowest of flash powers.
while independent channel variators offer threestops of power control in 1/3-stop increments to each channel. Power levels for each channel are provided in easy-to-read LED numeric displays. A full-power indicator light lets you know when the pack is 100% charged.

Audio Ready Signal

This switchable signal lets you know when your pack is 100% charged even when it is out of visual range.

Built-in Photo Cell

In order to activate your QUAD 2400 pack from other flash units, a convenient photo cell is built directly into the pack.

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QUADX Flash Head
The fan-cooled QUADX flash head is capable of handling up to 3000w/s and can take up to 650W modelling lamps for maximum brightness. The user changeable flash tube features a three-electrode design to deliver the fastest possible flash duration. A UV-balanced Pyrex dome ensures colour integrity and security. When combined with the full line of Bowens Stype reflectors and accessories this system will give you unmatched lighting versatility and unlimited creative capabilities. To prolong the life of the flash head QUAD generators incorporate soft-start circuitry which dims the lamps up and down rather than abruptly powering them on and off. BW7650

Ringflash

This classic lighting accessory gives a unique full-frontal lighting effect that makes it popular among fashion photographers. The camera mounts to the center of an opening that is surrounded by two semicircular 1500w/s flash tubes to acheive amazing results. To ensure short, freeze-action flash duration, the flash tubes have three, rather than two, electrodes and each has a seperate cable. The Ringflash can be used with any QUAD generator and its integral mounting bracket adjusts for use with virtually every medium format and 35mm camera. BW7660 For refined lighting effects, two quite different reflectors are available. Ringflash High-Intensity Reflector This reflector increases the overall size of the light source, intensifying the light output. BW2310 Ringflash Diffuser For a softer lighting effect, this opal diffuser can be used with the Ringflash. This will soften the shadows and is perfect for most direct lighting applications. BW2311

RC-2 Infrared Remote Control
The RC-2 Infrared Remote Control is the ultimate way to operate the QUADX pack quickly and precisely in a busy studio environment. This full-function remote with eight IR channels lets you control multiple QUADX packs from one spot from up to 10 meters. The remote handset allows you to control power levels, modelling lamp settings, bracketing sequence selection, test flash, slave and other functions. Operates on a single 9-volt battery. BW7800
Pulsar Radio Trigger System
Whether you are triggering flash heads for complicated lighting setups or cameras for remote control nature shots or special effects, this system is for you. Each Pulsar unit can be either a transmitter or receiver and is capable of sending or receiving signals beyond 100m (333). Unlike IR triggering systems, the radio-transmitted Pulsar operates around corners and through walls. The Pulsar has four seperate channels, enabling the photographer to isolate up to four light sources or to combine them and fire all of them at once without leaving the camera. Additionally, the Pulsar has a studio selector switch, which provides isolation from other Pulsar units using the same channel, and allowing up to six different systems to operate independently in the same studio. Other Pulsar features include: Long battery life up to 200 hours of continuous use from two AAA batteries. Low voltage operation of just 3V making it ideal for use with sensitive digital cameras. Compact and lightweight design allows the units to be mounted directly onto your cameras hot shoe or to your generator, or monolights. Each Pulsar unit measures 90(l) x 49(w) x 44(h) mm and weighs only 122g. Pulsar Twin Pack (BW5160) Pulsar Single Unit (BW5150)

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120 Wide Angle Umbrella Reflector

75 Softlite Reflector

Reflector Kit
Supersoft 600 Diffuser for Sunlite 40

40 Sunlite Reflector

Grid Reflector
Designed to be used with and to support umbrellas, this 15cm (6") reflector has a very wide, even coverage, making it perfect to spread light over broad areas. Its very small diameter creates hard shadows and high-contrast lighting. BW1885 2

50 Keylite Reflector

This 15" matt-finished reflector is supplied with a double diffuser cap that covers the flash tube and modelling lamp for added softness. The softest of Bowens direct reflectors, it is perfect for portraiture, beauty and small product photography. The diffuser cap can be removed, making it an excellent large-diameter direct reflector. BW1899 4
This is a very high output 24cm (91/2") reflector that creates a highly specular result. Its the perfect reflector to be used where maximum light output is required. Its also a superb reflector for bouncing light off ceilings or simply to give the maximum possible depth of field. BW1886
An innovative lighting control outfit composed of a reflector, snoot and four-leaf barn door, the Bowens Reflector Kit represents exceptional value for studio and location photographers. The efficient reflector is optimised for light spread and has a 60 coverage. The interchangeable snoot and barn door attachments bayonet quickly onto the main reflector, providing instant light control. BW1882 6
Grid Diffuser High-Performance Reflector
This 32cm reflector achieves the maximum amount of light output possible for lighting large groups and bouncing light off of high ceilings. The efficient parabolic design delivers a narrow, bright beam of light with intense shadows and high contrast. A must where sheer power is required. BW1878
This is an accessory to the 75 Softlite Reflector that creates a unique lighting effect by including a Perspex outer diffuser with a honeycomb grid in the centre. The Grid Diffuser gives a pool of direct light in the centre, surrounded by softdiffused light. The ratio between the centre and edge is 3:1 - ideal for portrait applications. BW1866
Here is the ultimate soft beauty light. The Supersoft 600 mounts directly into the front of the Sunlite 40. Its super-large 600mm (231/2") front diameter reflector and unique three-layered diffusion design creates a large, soft light source that is completely even and delivers perfectly round catch lights for fashion and beauty applications. The internal baffle is printed with a computer-designed light distribution pattern to reduce the centre brightness of the reflector. A double-layer front diffuser completes the softening effect. BW1884
A 43cm (17") white-painted reflector designed to replicate sunlight for photographing such things as architectural models. The white-painted interior of the Sunlite reflector helps ensure that the light delivered is even. BW1868 9

With a rolled rim and indent, this medium-angle reflector will hold an 18cm (7") honeycomb. BW1863 11

Set of Three Honeycombs

Backlite Reflector

Supersoft 600 Kit

This complete kit includes the Sunlite 40, Supersoft 600 reflector, front diffuser screen and inner baffle. BW1868/84
With its 20 x 30.5cm (8 x 12") elliptical shape, this reflector produces an oval pool of light that can be used to create a natural vignette on a background or other areas. Two fitted spring clips allow colour gels to be fitted. BW2560 A set of colour gels including seven popular colours, a neutral-density filter and two diffusers for heightened lighting creativity is also available for the Backlite Reflector. BW2552
This set is designed to be used with the Grid Reflector. The three sizes offer 1/8 (3.175mm), 3 /8 (9.525mm) and 1/4 (6.35mm) hole sizes, each with increasingly wide-angle spots of light. BW864

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65 Maxilite Reflector

Gel Filter Holder for Maxilite
Universal Clip-On Barn Doors
Bowens Jetstream Wind Machine
The variable-speed Jetstream Wind Machine makes special effects a breeze and adds a sense of motion to your shots. Its great for glamour shots or for controlling the smoke or fog on a set. For maximum gusts, turn the control to full power and youll create 2400 RPM of controllable wind! Its remote operating cable enables you to control speed levels from up to 6m (20) away, so you can go from a light draft to a gentle breeze to an intense bluster without leaving your camera. The Jetstream measures 30.5(l) x 25(d)cm (12 x 10), weighs only 6.3kg (13.5lbs) and features a 5 /8 mount to fit most light stands. Jetstream (240V) - BW2550 Jetstream (117V) - BW2550B
Fresnel 200 Spot Attachment
This 200mm Fresnel lens produces that classic Hollywood-style of lighting unique to Fresnel spots. A built-in iris gives very tight control of the light pool, making it ideal for product photography. This versatile light is also good for classic portraits and for precise control in commercial work. BW2914

Pro-Spot

This is the perfect accessory to create a host of unique lighting effects. The 1500w/s Pro-Spot incorporates a bright 50W reflector modelling lamp. This optical spotlight has been engineered to produce clean sharp images using a highly efficient 85mm f/2.8 projector lens. The unit incorporates a powerful cooling fan to maximize operating times. Designed to accept 2.6 and 3.4 gobos and patterns, the Pro-Spot appeals to many different types of photographers. For the portrait photographer, it can be used to project patterns and effects enhancing any portrait. For the commercial photographer, the ability to place light with pinpoint accuracy is invaluable. The Pro-Spot is supplied with a set of round apertures to give precise circular spots of light. BW7670

This is a good general-purpose direct reflector with an even coverage and a high light output. Since it has a small 20cm (8") diameter, the light it produces is moderately high in contrast. The stippled surface ensures a smooth and even light distribution. BW1887 13
Allows light to be gelled or coloured. BW2368 Maxilite Gel Set. BW2364 15
These are a must for anyone using direct reflectors to enable the spread of light to be precisely controlled. BW1869 18
Four-Way Barn Door & Gel Holder
Also designed for use with the Maxilite to give greater control of light output. BW2363 16

15 Snoot

Maxilite Honeycombs Universal Honeycombs
These are designed to fit a wide range of Bowens reflectors. The adjustable fittings clip over the rim of the reflector. BW1861A - A 3/8 (9.525mm) hole creates a wider angle spot effect. BW1861B - A 1/4 (6.35mm) hole creates a narrower angle spot effect.
These fit on to the front of the Maxilite Reflector and deliver a very tightly controlled pool of illumination, creating a highly efficient spot effect BW1891 - A 3/8 (9.525mm) hole creates a wider angle spot effect. BW1892 - A 1/4 (6.35mm) hole creates a narrower angle spot effect.
For creating a simple spot effect, this 10cm (4) cone can also be used as a hair light light, putting a pool of illumination on the hair without spilling on to the face or background. BW1888 19

Univeral Spot Attachment

This unique light-head attachment features a high-quality optical system that allows the projection of gobos, patterns and cut-outs on the background or onto the subject. It can also be used as a focusing spot to light very specific parts of the subject. The gobo holder (included) accepts standard M-size gobos. BW1880 A Set of 12 M-size gobos is available. BW1879.

Honeycomb for snoot

When even tighter light is required this clips simply to the front of the snoot. BW1862 20

Multiclip

Invaluable to all photographers, the multiclip has thousands of uses around the studio. BW1826

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The Wafer is probably the most innovative light bank on the market, producing a beautiful quality of light and offering a degree of control unmatched by similar products. Its range of shapes and sizes is almost as big as its range of accessories, making the Wafer suitable for a variety of work in all disciplines. Wafer light banks produce a crisp, smooth quality of light while their narrow profile and silver/white interiors with two interchangeable graduated inner baffles deliver unparalleled flexibility and control. The Wafer design is supplied with two internal Mylar baffles or screens, each printed with a special pattern to ensure the light distribution on the front cloth is absolutely even over its entire surface. These baffles also assist in controlling the colour temperature: one is white and the other is blue for more neutral tones. The front cloth of the Wafer is recessed to help control light spill. The resulting internal edge has a hook-and-loop lining, allowing an accessory honeycomb to be fitted to the front for additional directional control. The Wafer is supplied in a stowage pouch for convenient portability and includes the flash adaptor speed ring. Brand specific flash adaptor rings are available for every leading studio lighting system. Wafers are available as rectangles, which are by far the most popular and versatile. Hexagonal Wafers are especially good for portraiture whilst the strips, which produce much sharper cut-off, are popular with fashion photographers.

WAFER -

The Wafer Light Bank System
Wafer Accessories Oval Diffuser
A translucent fabric diffuser with black oval mask that converts rectangular light banks into ovals. Perfect for those shots where a rounded highlight or catch light is desirable. For Wafer 75 For Wafer 100 For Wafer 140 BW1196 BW1977 BW1197
Wafer Honeycombs Hex Oval Diffuser
These shaped diffusers for the Hex Oval soft boxes create a rounded catch light. For Wafer Hex 100 BW1194 For Wafer Hex 140 BW1185 For Wafer Hex 180 BW1186 A lightweight, aluminium honeycomb on a frame is fitted into the recess at the front of the Wafer soft box. Ideal for product photography, giving a soft, controllable pool of illumination. For Wafer 75 For Wafer 100 BW1160 BW1161

Strip Wafers

Wafer Strip x 38 x 25cm (75 x 15 x 11) Ideal where more contrast and a sharper edge to the shadows is required. BW1180 Wafer Strip x 35 x 50cm (55 x 133/4 x 193/4) For longer coverage than the 100 Strip. BW1181 Wafer Strip x 70 x 62cm (195 x 271/2 x 241/2) Full-length fashion with hard-edged lateral contrast. Good overhead light source to seperate subjects from background. BW1184.
All Strip Wafers are supplied with one full-width and one half-width front diffuser. The half-width diffuser provides an even sharper cut-off and harder edge to the shadows.

Hexagonal Wafers

Wafer Hex x 70 x 30cm (39 x 27 x 12) Ideal for single head-and-shoulder portraits or for greater contrast on 3/4-length shots and fashion. BW1195 Wafer Hex x 95 x 37cm (55 x 371/2 x 141/2) For single portraits or small groups where a natural vignette is required. BW1182 Wafer Hex x 135 x 52cm (71 x 53 x 201/2) A broad beautiful light for almost any subject. great for larger groups. BW1183

Rectangular Wafers

Wafer x 25 x 28cm (22 x 10 x 11) Here is a compact soft box for small still life, either as a main or rim light. It also provides an exceptionally good hair light. BW1894 Wafer x 50 x 28cm (30 x 193/4 x 11) This medium-sized soft box is great for still life, single portraits or for more contrast lighting in larger sets. BW1895 Wafer x 75 x 35cm (40 x 30 x 14) Our most popular size, this soft box is suitable for full-length portraits, small groups and product illustration. Still compact enough for location. BW1896 Wafer x 100 x 50cm (53 x 40 x 193/4) For full-length portraits and fashion, also good for larger sets. This unit is extremely soft because of its size. BW1897 Wafer x 140 x 65cm (76 x 53 x 251/2) An enormous soft light that is still lightweight enough to hang on Hi-Glide tracking or boom arms, the Wafer 200 is beautiful for full-length work, group portraits and large products. BW1898

Flash and Light Head Adapter Rings
Wafer soft boxes can be used with most major studio lighting systems. Simply attach the appropriate adaptor to the mounting rings supplied.
BW1954 - Bowens/Calumet/Redwing BW1953 - Bowens L Type BW1955 - Balcar BW1956 - Multiblitz Large BW1961 - Multiblitz Small BW1957 - Elinchrom BW1958 - Broncolor Impact BW1959 - Broncolor Pulso BW1960 - Broncolor TA BW1962 - Courtnay BW1997 - Hensel

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Light-Softening Tools

Octo 150
Octo 150 is a unique large soft box which offers several non-traditional soft box features that will be of particular interest to portrait photographers. Unlike other large octagonal soft boxes on the market, the Octo 150 features a perfectly round front diffuser for perfectly round catch lights which are cleaner and more pleasing. Another difference is that the light is mounted in the unit facing the rear cloth, away from the subject. This offers two distinct advantages over traditional soft boxes. The first advantage is that the Octo 150 does not have extra layers of diffusion fabric between the light source and the front diffusion fabric making it an extrmely efficient soft box that can be used even with small flash units such as an Esprit 500. The other significant advantage of this design is the interior silvered and white surfaces which have been designed to ensure optimum evenness of illumination on the cloth and because of this can be used close to the subject to produce maximum softness as well as maximum light output. BW1650

Silver/White Umbrella

These dual-purpose umbrellas feature a white interior surface backed by a removable silver fabric with a black exterior. This provides a soft but highly efficient bounced light source. for close-up lighting, the silver/black backing can be removed, allowing you to get closer to the subject while lighting through the umbrella. RD4036 - 90cm Silver/White Umbrella RD4046 - 115cm Silver/White Umbrella

Bowens Soft Boxes

The Bowens range of soft boxes has been developed to offer photographers the very highest-quality light source at a very modest cost. Their silver interior and shallow construction offers a high degree of efficiency while a translucent diffuser ensures even light distribution. If absolute evenness is critical for the larger sizes, internal diffusers are available as an accessory, as are carry bags for storage and location work. Each soft box comes supplied with a casting and Bowens S adapter. Each will accept all Wafer adapters and can be used with most popular flash systems.

Soft Box Strip

100 x 40cm (391/2 x 153/4) The narrow profile of the strip gives a much sharper cut off, making it ideal for fashion and beauty. BW1710

Soft Box Accessories

Internal Diffuser Clips into the centre of the soft box to give absolutely even illumination across the front diffuser. For Soft Box 100 - BW1780 For Soft Box 140 - BW1781 Carry Bags Keep your Soft Box protected when on location work. For Soft Box 60 & Strip - BW1765 For Soft Box 100 & 140 - BW1770

Soft Box 60

60 x 60cm (231/2 x 231/2) Ideal for the small portrait or still life photographer. BW1715

Soft Box 100

100 x 100cm (391/2 x 391/2) Our most popular size, suitable for a wide range of photography. BW1720

115cm Silver Umbrella

The silver umbrella provides maximum reflectance and a circular pattern of directional light. Its versatile and efficient performance has made it a staple for studios across the world. RD4146
RD4060 - 140cm Silver/White Umbrella

Soft Box 140

140 x 140cm (55 x 55) The ideal size for full-length fashion work as well as room sets and general photography where a very soft light is required. BW1725

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imaging power