Cuccodoro, 1999a: 376, 386 (Megarthrus; characters; Ethiopia).
DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia. rufomarginatus Cameron, 1914: 525 (Megarthrus; Type locality: S. India: Nilgiri Hills).
Cameron, 1924b: 166 (Megarthrus; characters; India). Cameron, 1928d: 98 (Megarthrus; Sumatra).
Cameron, 1930: 129 (Megarthrus; characters; India; Sumatra). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1030 (Megarthrus; catalog). Cameron, 1934: 17 (Megarthrus; India).
L DISTRIBUTION: India, Indonesia. rufescens Stephens, 1834, see: denticollis Beck, 1817. sahlbergi Munster, 1911, see: nigrinus J. Sahlberg, 1876. sawadai Cuccodoro, 1996: 492 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Gunma Pref.: below Usui Pass, 750 m). L DISTRIBUTION: Japan. scotti Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1995: 684 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Ethiopia: Gamo Gofa prov., Gugh highlands, Dita, c. 3000 m).
L DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia. scriptus Sharp, 1889: 469 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Chuzenji, Gunma Pref., Honshu, Japan; [Note: See lectotype designation by Cuccodoro, 1996]. Also cited from Yuyama).
Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 (Megarthrus; catalog). Sawada, 1962: 10 (Megarthrus; characters; Japan). Nakane, 1963a: 82 (Megarthrus; characters; habitus photograph; Japan). Cuccodoro, 1996: 492 (Megarthrus; lectotype designation: Chuzenji, Gunma Pref., Honshu, Japan; characters; Japan).
L DISTRIBUTION: Japan. sculpticollis Coiffait, 1982: 131 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Nepal: environs de Lughla, Khumbu). L DISTRIBUTION: Nepal. selenitus Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1995: 684 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, Toro prov., above Kilembe, 2000 m). L DISTRIBUTION: Uganda. septempunctatus Champion, 1925: 102 (Megarthrus; Type locality: W. Almora in Kumaon).
Cameron, 1930: 132 (Megarthrus; characters; India). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1030 (Megarthrus; catalog).
L DISTRIBUTION: India. serrula Wollaston, 1865: 525, 76 appendix (Megarthrus; Type locality: Gomera: above Hermigua; [Note: See lectotype designation by Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997]).
Fauvel, 1902b: 50 (Megarthrus; Canary Islands). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 (Megarthrus; catalog). Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997: 1390 (Megarthrus; lectotype designation; characters; collecting notes; Canary Islands). Hernndez, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 192 (Megarthrus; Canary Islands). Assing, 1999a: 345 (Megarthrus; Canary Islands).
DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands. sexpunctatus Cameron, 1941: 57 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Darjeeling: Ghum district). L DISTRIBUTION: India. shibatai Sawada, 1962: 13, 15 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Nagano Pref.: Inago-yu, 15002000 m).

Cuccodoro, 1996: 494 (Megarthrus; characters; Japan).
L DISTRIBUTION: Japan. simienensis Fagel, 1957a: 30 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Ethiopia: Simien, E. of Mindigabsa, over 10,000 ft.).
Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1995: 685 (Megarthrus; characters; Ethiopia). Cuccodoro, 1999a: 376 (Megarthrus; characters; Ethiopia).

DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

sinuatocollis Lacordaire, 1835: 493 (Phloeobium; Type locality: Paris; [Note: Nomen dubium; see Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997]).
Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997: 1351 (Megarthrus; nomen dubium).
L DISTRIBUTION: France. smetanai Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1996: 181 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Canada: British Columbia: 4 mi W Midway. Also cited from Northwest Territories, Quebec, and Alaska). L DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA. solitarius Sharp, 1887: 743 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Guatemala, Purula).
Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 (Megarthrus; catalog).
DISTRIBUTION: Costa Rica, Guatemala. adelphus Bierig, 1940: 377 (Megarthrus; variety of solitarius; Type locality: Costa Rica: Carpintera, 1800 m). spathuliformis Assing and Wunderle, 1999: 438 (Megarthrus; Type locality: E. Islas Canarias, 11, La Palma, SW Laguna de Barlovento, Mte. Hueco, 1000 m).
Assing, 2000b: 115 (Megarthrus; collecting notes; Canary Islands).
L DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands. spinosus Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1995: 686 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Uganda: Bugisu prov., Mt. Elgon, Sipi, 1750 m). L DISTRIBUTION: Uganda. stercorarius Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 238 (Megarthrus; Type locality: Hautes-Pyrnes; [Note: See lectotype designation by Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997]).
Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 36 (Megarthrus; catalog). Scheerpeltz, 1931a: 188 (Megarthrus; characters in key). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1030 (Megarthrus; catalog). Scheerpeltz, 1947: 257 (Megarthrus; characters). Zanetti, 1995: 5 (Megarthrus; Italy). Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997: 1392 (Megarthrus; lectotype designation; characters; collecting notes; Pyrenees; Alps; Carpathians; Caucasus). Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 120 (Megarthrus; note).
DISTRIBUTION: Pyrenees, Alps, Carpathians, Caucasus. franzi Scheerpeltz, 1947: 252 (Megarthrus; Type locality: sterreich: Krnten, Hohe Tauern, Sonnblick-Gruppe, Fleissgasthof; [Note: See lectotype designation by Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997]).
Horion, 1963: 22 (Megarthrus; Austria; Switzerland). Lohse, 1964: 23 (Megarthrus; characters; central Europe). Lucht, 1987: 85 (Megarthrus; checklist; Germany; Austria; Switzerland). Zanetti, 1995: 5 (Megarthrus; synonym of stercorarius). Cuccodoro and Lbl, 1997: 1392 (Megarthrus; lectotype designation: Fleisssgasthof, Sonnblick-Gruppe, Hohe Tauern, Krnten, Austria; synonym of stercorarius). Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 120 (Megarthrus; synonym of stercorarius).

Wollaston, 1865: 526 (Metopsia; habitat; notes; Canary Islands). Fauvel, 1902b: 49 (Metopsia; Canary Islands). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 (Phloeobium; catalog).
PROTEININAE: METOPSIA Scheerpeltz, 1960a: 66 (Phloeobium; characters; Canary Islands). H. Franz, 1986: 79 (Phloeobium; characters; Canary Islands). Zerche, 1998: 37 (Metopsia; characters; Canary Islands).
L DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands. fernandezi Jarrige, 1952a: 136 (Phloeobium; Type locality: Aguirre, Tenerife).
Hernndez, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 193 (Metopsia; may belong in Megarthrus or Proteinus). Zerche, 1998: 37 (Metopsia; synonym of cimicoides).
clypeata P. W. J. Mller, 1821: 204 (Silpha; Type locality: Odenbach).
Heer, 1839: 172 (Megarthrus; characters; Switzerland). Erichson, 1840: 907 (Phloeobium; [Note: According to Zerche, 1998: 16, some specimens were misidentified by Erichson as clypeata and are now named similis]; characters; Germany; France). Heer, 1841: 566 (Phloeobium; characters). Fairmaire and Laboulbne, 1856: 656 (Phloeobium; characters; France). Fauvel, 1871a: 51 [= 1872: 25] (Phloeobium; characters; France; Europe; Cyprus). Fauvel, 1873b: 109 [= 1873c: 2] (Phloeobium; Algeria). Seidlitz, 1875: 231 (Phloeobium; characters; Baltic region). Fauvel, 1878: 86 [= 1878a: 6] (Phloeobium; Algeria). Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 256 (Phloeobium; characters; France). Fauvel, 1886: 12 [= 1886a: 4] (Phloeobium; Algeria). Fowler, 1888: 431 (Phloeobium; characters; Britain). Ganglbauer, 1895: 764 (Phloeobium; [Note: According to Zerche, 1998: 16, some specimens were misidentified by Erichson as clypeata and are now named similis]; characters; middle and southern Europe). Fauvel, 1902b: 49 (Metopsia; Algeria; Tunisia). Sainte-Claire Deville, 1907: 14 (Metopsia; [Note: According to Zerche, 1998: 16, some specimens were misidentified by Erichson as clypeata and are now named similis]; characters; France). Montandon, 1908: 77 (Metopsia; Romania). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 (Phloeobium; catalog). J. Sahlberg, 1913: 58 (Phloeobium; Caramania). Johansen, 1914: 631 (Phloeobium; characters; Denmark). Portevin, 1929: 456 (Metopsia; characters; France). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 (Phloeobium; catalog). C. Koch, 1938: 138 (Phloeobium; characters in key; Germany; Bosnia; Italy; Sicily). Tottenham, 1939d: 227 (Phloeobium; type species of Phloeobium). Espaol, 1945: 90 (Phloeobium; Spain). Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 116 (Phloeobium; Italy). Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 414 (Phloeobium; Greece). Lohse, 1964: 21 (Metopsia; characters; central Europe). Coiffait, 1968c: 505 (Metopsia; Corsica). Fagel, 1968a: 189 (Phloeobium; notes). Ashworth, 1972: 214 (Metopsia; cited as clypeata or gallica; late-glacial subfossil; Britain). Bordoni, 1974b: 2 (Phloeobium; Italy). Legner and Moore, 1977: 175 (Metopsia; found under bark). H. Franz, 1984: 59 (Phloeobium, cited as Phlaeobium; Macedonia). H. Franz, 1987: 69 (Phloeobium; Cyprus). dm, 1987: 136 (Metopsia; collecting notes; Hungary). Lucht, 1987: 85 (Metopsia; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; Denmark; Sweden). Bohc, 1993: 40 (Metopsia; Czech Republic; Slovakia). Assing, 1994a: 17 (Metopsia; wing length; xerothermous sites; notes; Germany). Zanetti, 1995: 4 (Metopsia; Italy). Dauphin, 1997: 148 (Metopsia; characters; notes; France; Spain; Portugal; Italy; Algeria).

L DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey. tenoensis H. Franz, 1986: 80 (Phloeobium; Type locality: westlicher Teil des Mte. de Erjos unweit von El Palmar).
Hernndez, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 193 (Metopsia synonym of fernandezi Last). Zerche, 1998: 45 (Metopsia; characters; Canary Islands).
L DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands. fernandezi Last, 1957: 165 (Metopsia; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Canary Islands: Tenerife).
Hernndez, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 193 (Metopsia; notes; Canary Island). Zerche, 1998: 45 (Metopsia; synonym of tenoensis).
Proteinus [36 species; Neotropical, Nearctic, Palaearctic, Ethiopian, and Oriental Regions] Proteinus Latreille, 1797: 9 (without included species). TYPE SPECIES: Dermestes brachypterus Fabricius, fixed by action of the Commission, Opinion 876 (ICZN, 1969).
Latreille, 1806: 298 (characters). Latreille, 1810: 183, 427 (characters). Leach, 1815: 92 (characters). Samouelle, 1819: 175 (characters). Billberg, 1820: 15 (cited as Protinus; characters; list of some species). Latreille, 1825: 245 (cited as Proteine; characters). Latreille, 1825a: 215 (characters). Berthold, 1827: 332 (characters). Curtis, 1829: 28, 245 (cited as Proteinnus in column 28 and corrected on column 245; catalog; British species). Stephens, 1829a: 24 (catalog; Britain). Stephens, 1829: 295 (catalog; Britain). Latreille, 1829: 440 (characters). Mannerheim, 1830: 10, 57 (key; characters). Mannerheim, 1831: 424, 471 (key; characters). Dejean, 1833: 69 (list of species). Stephens, 1834: 334 (characters; habitat).

634

PROTEININAE: PROTEINUS
Gistel, 1834: 9 (list of species). Lacordaire, 1835: 490 (characters). Westwood, 1838a: 18 (Proteinus; type species). Erichson, 1839a: 642 (characters). Heer, 1839: 170 (characters). Stephens, 1839: 422 (characters). Erichson, 1840: 902 (characters). Laporte, 1840: 193 (characters). Redtenbacher, 1849: 755 (characters). Schaum, 1852: 31 (list of species; Europe). Lacordaire, 1854: 146 (characters; notes; list of species). Fairmaire and Laboulbne, 1856: 653 (characters). Gistel, 1856: 390 (cited as Protinus; list of species). Jacquelin du Val, 1857: 78 (characters). Redtenbacher, 1857: 256 (characters; key to Austrian species). Kraatz, 1857d: 1022 (characters). Thomson, 1858: 38 (characters). G. Waterhouse, 1858: 32 (catalog of British species). Thomson, 1859: 52 (characters; type species: brachypterus). Schaum, 1859: 32 (catalog; European species). LeConte, 1861a: 71 (characters). Thomson, 1861: 217 (characters). Gredler, 1863: 127 (list of species from Tirol). LeConte, 1863: 26 (list of North American species). Wencker and Silbermann, 1866: 37 (list of species; collecting notes; France). Fauvel, 1867a: 49 [= 1868: 54] (characters). Jacquelin du Val, 1868: 82 (catalog; European species). Fauvel, 1871a: 55 [= 1872: 29] (cited as Protinus; characters; key to species). Sharp, 1871d: 14 (list of British species). Redtenbacher, 1874: 281 (characters; key to Austrian species). Fauvel, 1878d: 194 [= 1878e: 30] (key to North American species). Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 218 (characters; key to French species). Heyden, 1880: 84 (cited as Protinus; list of species of Siberian region). Duvivier, 1883: 201 (catalog; cited as Protinus). Fowler, 1888: 427 (notes; key to British species). Seidlitz, 1891: 337 (key to some European species). Seidlitz, 1891a: 359 (key to some European species). Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1891: 122 (cited as Protinus; list of species of Europe and Caucasus). Heyden, 1893: 49 (cited as Protinus; list of species of Siberian region). Ganglbauer, 1895: 757 (characters; key to middle European species). Heyden, 1896: 37 (cited as Protinus; list of species of Siberian region). Fauvel, 1897d: 243 (catalog of species of Barbary). Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1906: 127 (list of species of Europe and Caucasus). Sainte-Claire Deville, 1907: 17 (key to species of Seine Basin, France). Reitter, 1909: 198 (characters; key to German species). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 (world catalog; 14 species). Petri, 1912: 51 (list of species of Siebenbrgen). Johansen, 1914: 626 (characters; key to Danish species). Leng, 1920: 93 (catalog of North American species). Dodero, 1923: 45 (key to Italian species). Winkler, 1925: 325 (catalog for Palaearctic region). Cameron, 1925: 103 (catalog of Indian species). Porta, 1926: 9 (characters; key to species of Italy). Portevin, 1929: 457 (characters; key to French genera). Cameron, 1930: 123 (characters; key to British Indian species).

Bulletin AMNH

Sjberg, 1930: 188 (key to species). Roubal, 1930: 302 (catalog; Slovakia). Joy, 1932: 94 (key to British species). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 (world catalog supplement). Normand, 1935: 356 (list of species of Tunisia). Scheerpeltz, 1937b: 186 (list of Bulgarian species). Blackwelder, 1944: 101 (checklist of species from Mexico, Central and South America, and the West Indies). Kloet and Hincks, 1945: 160 (list of British species). Scheerpeltz and Hfler, 1948: 151 (key to european species). Palm, 1948: 45 (characters; key to species of Sweden). Tottenham, 1949: 353, 405 (type species: brachypterus Fabricius; notes; list of British species). Blackwelder, 1952: 413 (type species: pulicarius). Tottenham, 1954: 14 (characters; key to British species). Hatch, 1957: 106 (characters; key to species of Pacific Northwest). Kocher, 1958: 92 (checklist of species; Morocco). Ferreira, 1962a: 9 (list of Portuguese species). Horion, 1963: 27 (list of central European species). Szkessy, 1963: 11 (characters). Lohse, 1964: 24 (characters; key to central European species). Steel, 1966: 288 (larval characters). Kasule, 1966: 279 (larval characters). Jelinek and Steel, 1966 (application to Commission to designate as Dermestes brachypterus Fabricius as type species of genus and to place name on Official List of Generic Names in Zoology). Pototskaia, 1967: 19 (larval characters). Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 456 (characters; Chilean species). Scheerpeltz, 1968a: 4 (catalog of Austrian species). ICZN, 1969 (Proteinus placed on Official List of Generic Names in Zoology; type species designation). Bordoni, 1973j: 655 (list of species from islands near Sicily). Tikhomirova, 1973a: 136 (checklist of species of USSR). Moore and Legner, 1974: 14 (characters; notes). Moore and Legner, 1975: 176 (catalog; North America north of Mexico). Shibata, 1976: 190 (checklist of species of Japan). Moore and Legner, 1976: 538 (includes seashore species; notes). Pope, 1977: 22 (list of British species). Topp, 1978: 307 (larval characters). Frank, 1979 (notes on habitat; generic nomenclature). Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefanska, 1979: 13 (catalog; Poland). Moore and Legner, 1979: 158 (characters; notes). Muona, 1979: 17 (list of Scandinavian species). Uhlig, 1979: 242 (some species collected in Germany). Uhlig, Vogel, and Sieber, 1980: 240 (some species collected in Germany). Uhlig and Vogler, 1981: 83 (list of some species collected in Germany; habitat and collecting notes). Tth, 1982: 23 (characters; habitus; key to species of Hungary). Frank and Thomas, 1984: 98 (notes on habitats; affinities of peckorum). dm, 1985: 251 (list of species from southeast Hungary). Frank, 1986a: 365 (checklist of species of Florida). Muona and Viramo, 1986: 14 (list of species of northeastern Finland). Segers, 1986: 17 (checklist of species; Belgium). Hayashi, 1988: 22 (key to species of Japan). M. Hansen, Kristensen, Mahler, Pedersen, 1991: 106 (list of Danish species). Angelini, 1991: 193 (list of species from high elevations of Calabria, Italy). Frank, 1991: 344 (larval characters).

636

Campbell and Davies, 1991: 87 (checklist of species; Alaska and Canada). Silfverberg, 1992: 21 (list of species of Fennoscandia, Denmark, and the Baltic States). Siitonen, 1993: 230 (list of Finnish species). Welch, 1993: 227 (ovariole number and ovary structure). Bohc, 1993: 40 (list of species of Czech Republic and Slovakia). Newton and Thayer, 1995: 299 (Proteinini). M. Hansen, Liljehult, Mahler, and Pedersen, 1995: 27 (additional records to Danish list of species). Zanetti, 1995: 5 (list of species of Italy). Dauphin, 1995a: 101 (characters; habitat; notes; key to species of western Europe). M. Hansen, 1996: 96 (list of Danish species). M. Hansen, Mahler, Palm, and Pedersen, 1996: 240 (additions to list of Danish species). Downie and Arnett, 1996: 429 (characters; key to species of Northeastern North America). Newton, Thayer, Ashe, and Chandler, 2000: 343 (10 Nearctic species; notes; characters in key).
Macropterum Gistel, 1834: 9 (species included: macropterum). TYPE macropterum Gravenhorst, fixed by monotypy.

Omalium

Gistel, 1856: 267, 390 (list of species). Blackwelder, 1952: 229 (synonym of Megarthrus; type species: macropterum).
Protinus Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 671 (emendation of Proteinus). TYPE SPECIES: Dermestes brachypterus Fabricius, fixed by objective synonymy with Proteinus. Pteronius Blackwelder, 1952: 331 (Note: Proposed for the species of Staphylinidae included in Proteinus which, before action of the Commission, had a type species that would have placed it in the Nitidulidae). TYPE SPECIES: Dermestes brachypterus Fabricius, fixed by original designation.
Muona, 1979: 17 (synonym of Proteinus). dm, 1987: 137 (list of three species with collecting notes; Hungary). Bohc, 1993: 40 (synonym of Proteinus). dm, 1996: 237 (list of species collected in Bkk National Park, Hungary).
altaicus Reitter, 1905a: 227 (Proteinus; Type locality: Altai, Ostsibirien; [Note: See lectotype designation by Muona, 1978]).
Poppius, 1909: 3 (Proteinus; Lena Valley, Siberia). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 (Proteinus; catalog). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 (Proteinus; catalog). Muona, 1978: 125 (Proteinus; lectotype designation; synonymic notes).
L DISTRIBUTION: Finland, Russia. apicidens Jansson and Sjberg, 1929: 212 (Proteinus; Type locality: Hamra Naturschutzgebiet in Dalarne; Abisko im nrdlichen Lappland).
Sjberg, 1930: 181 (Proteinus; characters; notes). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 (Proteinus; catalog). Palm, 1948: 48 (Proteinus; characters; Finland; Sweden; Norway; [Note: The records from Norway and Sweden many refer to hyperboreus]). Lohse, 1964: 24 (Proteinus; characters; Scandinavia). Muona, 1978: 125 (Proteinus; synonym of altaicus). Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 122 (Proteinus; synonym of altaicus).
angelinii Dauphin, 1999: 135 (Proteinus; Type locality: Basilicata, Accettura, bosco Montepiano). L DISTRIBUTION: Italy. apicidens Jansson and Sjberg, 1929, see: altaicus Reitter, 1905. atomarius Erichson, 1840: 904 (Proteinus; Type locality: Germany).

Redtenbacher, 1849: 756 (Proteinus; characters; Austria). Fairmaire and Laboulbne, 1856: 654 (Proteinus; characters; France). Redtenbacher, 1857: 257 (Proteinus; characters; Austria). Kraatz, 1857d: 1025 (Proteinus; characters; Germany).

Bulletin AMNH

Thomson, 1861: 218 (Proteinus; characters; Scandinavia). Pandell, 1867: 169 (Proteinus; characters; France). Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 672 (Proteinus; synonym of clavicornis). Fauvel, 1871a: 57 [= 1872: 31] (Proteinus; [Note: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 cited this use by Fauvel of clavicornis as a synonym of atomarius; Fauvel did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Stephens. Furthermore, Fauvel cited atomarius as a junior synonym of clavicornis]; synonym of clavicornis). Fauvel, 1873b: 110 [= 1873c: 3] (Protinus; Austria; Sicily; Sardinia; Russia). Redtenbacher, 1874: 282 (Proteinus; characters; Austria). Seidlitz, 1875: 232 (Proteinus; characters; Baltic region). Fauvel, 1876a: 47 [= 1876: 232] (Protinus; France; Corsica; Malta). J. Sahlberg, 1876: 224 (Proteinus; synonym of clavicornis). Fauvel, 1878: 87 [= 1878a: 7] (Proteinus, cited as Protinus; Algeria). Fauvel, 1878d: 196 [= 1878e: 32] (Proteinus; characters; Lake Superior; Michigan). Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 230 (Proteinus; characters; France). Fauvel, 1886: 13 [= 1886a: 4] (Proteinus, cited as Protinus; Algeria; Morocco). Fowler, 1888: 428 (Proteinus; characters; Britain). Ganglbauer, 1895: 760 (Proteinus; characters; Europe; Mediterranean region; North America). Fauvel, 1902b: 50 (Proteinus; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia). Reitter, 1905a: 228 (Proteinus; characters; Europe; Mediterranean region; Caucasus; North America). Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 67 (Proteinus, cited as Protinus; Corsica). Reitter, 1909: 199 (Proteinus; characters; Germany). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 33 (Proteinus; catalog). Johansen, 1914: 628 (Proteinus; characters; Denmark). Portevin, 1929: 458 (Proteinus; characters; France). Sjberg, 1930: 184 (Proteinus; characters; notes). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1026 (Proteinus; catalog). Scheerpeltz and Hfler, 1948: 150 (Proteinus; fungus inhabitant). Palm, 1948: 52 (Proteinus; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland). Tottenham, 1949: 405 (Proteinus; checklist; Britain). Hatch, 1957: 106 (Proteinus; characters; British Columbia). Kocher, 1958: 92 (Proteinus; Morocco). Ferreira, 1962: 9 (Proteinus; Portugal). Horion, 1963: 31 (Proteinus; Britain; Scotland; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Denmark; Portugal; Spain; Balearics; France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Dalmatia; Hercegovina; Greece; Germany; Austria). Lohse, 1964: 25 (Proteinus; characters; central Europe). Smetana, 1964d: 51 (Proteinus; Czechoslovakia). Scheerpeltz, 1968a: 5 (Proteinus; catalog; Austria). Smetana, 1970: 54 (Proteinus; distributional summary; Azores). Korge, 1971a: 5 (Proteinus; Turkey). Smetana 1975c: 154 (Proteinus; Mongolia). Coiffait, 1976b: 83 (Proteinus; Greece; Corfu; Rhodes). Pope, 1977: 22 (Proteinus; Britain). Frank, 1979: 330, 336 (Proteinus; notes on nomenclature and North American records; species may not be in North America). Muona, 1979: 17 (Proteinus; Finland; Russia; Sweden; Norway; Denmark; Baltic States). Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefanska, 1979: 13 (Proteinus; catalog; Poland). Hammond, 1980: 135 (Proteinus; uncomfirmed in Ireland). Tth, 1982: 28 (Proteinus; characters; Hungary). Frank and Thomas, 1984: 99, 100 (Proteinus; characters; Illinois). Muona and Viramo, 1986: 15 (Proteinus; Finland). Lucht, 1987: 85 (Proteinus; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden). Borges, 1990: 93 (Proteinus; Azores).

L DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Korea, China. crenulatus Pandell, 1867: 169 (Proteinus; Type locality: H.-Pyrnes, Louron).
Fauvel, 1871a: 56 [= 1872: 30] (Proteinus; synonym of limbatus). Fauvel, 1871a: 56 [= 1872: 30] (Protinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; characters; France; Italy; Corsica; Alaska [Note: This record refers to crenulatus]). Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 226 (Proteinus; synonym of limbatus). Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 225 (Proteinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; characters; France). Ganglbauer, 1895: 759 (Proteinus; synonym of limbatus). Ganglbauer, 1895: 759 (Proteinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; characters; France; Piemont; Corsica; Siebenbrgen; Caucasus; North America). Reitter, 1905a: 227 (Proteinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; characters; Italy; France; Corsica; Siebenbrgen; North America [Note: This record refers to limbatus]). Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 67 (Protinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; Corsica).
Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 34 (Proteinus; synonym of limbatus). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 34 (Proteinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; catalog). Portevin, 1929: 457 (Proteinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; characters; France). Sjberg, 1930: 178 (Proteinus; characters; valid species; notes). Sjberg, 1930: 185 (Proteinus; cited as limbatus; [Note: Misidentification: see Bernhauer, 1912i: 678; Horion, 1963: 28; Frank, 1979: 331]; characters; notes). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1027 (Proteinus; catalog). Palm, 1948: 48 (Proteinus; characters; Sweden; Norway). Smetana, 1960b: 258 (Proteinus; Czechoslovakia). Horion, 1963: 27 (Proteinus; Caucasus; western Siberia; Britain; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Russia; Holland; France; Portugal; Corsica; Italy; Romania; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Germany). Lohse, 1964: 25 (Proteinus; characters; central Europe). Pope, 1977: 22 (Proteinus; Britain). Hammond, 1980: 135 (Proteinus; unconfirmed in Ireland). Tth, 1982: 26 (Proteinus; characters; Hungary). Lucht, 1987: 85 (Proteinus; checklist; Germany; Poland; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Sweden). Bohc, 1993: 40 (Proteinus; Czech Republic; Slovakia). Sparacio, 1995: 137 (Proteinus; characters; notes; Sicily). Zanetti, 1995: 5 (Proteinus; Italy). Dauphin, 1995a: 106, 110, 118 (Proteinus; characters; France). Tronquet, 1998a: 114 (Proteinus; collected from marmot burrow; France).

DISTRIBUTION: Caucasus, Russia, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Britain, Ireland, Holland, France, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Italy, Portugal. densipennis Bernhauer, 1912i: 678 (Proteinus; Type locality: Kalifornien: Sugar Pine).
Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1027 (Proteinus; catalog).
L DISTRIBUTION: USA. egregius Redtenbacher, 1874, see: Acrulia. ezoensis Hayashi, 1988: 17 (Proteinus; Type locality: Japan: Hokkaido: Mt. Kurodake, Daisetsu Mts.). L DISTRIBUTION: Japan. fallax Mulsant and Rey, 1878, see: laevigatus Hochhuth, 1872. flavocaudatus Bierig, 1940: 374 (Proteinus; Type locality: Costa Rica: Vara Blanca, 1800 m, entre los volcanes Barba y Pos). L DISTRIBUTION: Costa Rica. fuscotestaceus Cameron, 1924b: 162 (Proteinus; Type locality: Dehra Dun, U.P.).
Cameron, 1930: 125 (Proteinus; characters; India). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1027 (Proteinus; catalog). Coiffait, 1977: 244 (Proteinus; Nepal).
DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal. gotoi Hayashi, 1986: 111 (Proteinus; Type locality: Mt. Amaishi, Sasayama-Cho, Hyogo Pref.).
Hayashi, 1988: 23 (Proteinus; key).
L DISTRIBUTION: Japan. hibernus Gistel, 1857: 63 (Proteinus; [Note: Nomen dubium]; Type locality: Bavaria). L DISTRIBUTION: Germany. hyperboreus Muona, 1978: 125 (Proteinus; Type locality: USSR: Lim: Porjeguba. Also cited from Finland, Sweden, and Norway).
Sjberg, 1930: 182 (Proteinus; [Note: Misidentified as altaicus according to Muona, 1978: 125]; characters).
Palm, 1948: 49 (Proteinus; [Note: Misidentified as altaicus according to Muona, 1978: 125]; characters; Sweden; Norway). Muona and Viramo, 1995: 9 (Proteinus; collected from dung of Ursus arctos; Finland).
L DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Finland, Norway, Sweden. kashmiricus Cameron, 1941: 56 (Proteinus; Type locality: Kashmir: Gulmarg). L DISTRIBUTION: India. laevigatus Hochhuth, 1872: 174 (Proteinus; Type locality: Not cited, but presumably from Gouvernements Kiew and/or Volhynien).
Reitter, 1905a: 226 (Proteinus; characters; Russia). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 34 (Proteinus; catalog). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1027 (Proteinus; catalog). Gusarov, 1992a: 775 [= 1993a: 62] (Proteinus; synonymic notes). Dauphin, 1995a: 106, 108, 118 (Proteinus; characters; France). Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 121 (Proteinus; macropterus of Gyllenhal is laevigatus).
DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Turkmenistan. fallax Mulsant and Rey, 1878b: 230 (Proteinus; [Note: This name is cited as a variety of macropterus Gyllenhal which was a misidentification of macropterus Gravenhorst so I assume fallax refers to laevigatus]; Type locality: environs de Montpellier).
Ganglbauer, 1895: 760 (Proteinus; variety of macropterus Gyllenhal). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1028 (Proteinus; aberration of macropterus Gyllenhal).

L DISTRIBUTION: Finland, Britain, Ireland, France, Germany. maeklini Fauvel, 1869, see: limbatus Mklin, 1852. minutus Mannerheim, 1830: 58 (Proteinus; Type locality: Willns).
Mannerheim, 1831: 472 (Proteinus; Finland).
L DISTRIBUTION: Finland. meuseli Dauphin, 1995: 193 (Proteinus; Type locality: Kroatien: Stirovaca. Also cited from Romania). L DISTRIBUTION: Croatia, Romania. nigriceps Fauvel, 1867, see: Alloproteinus. nigricornis Stephens, 1834, see: brachypterus Fabricius, 1792. nitidus Stephens, 1834, see: brachypterus Fabricius, 1792. oblongus Petri, 1891, see: atomarius Erichson, 1840. olivieri Saulcy, 1866, see: atomarius Erichson, 1840. ovalis Stephens, 1834: 335 (Proteinus; Type locality: London; Suffolk; Devonshire; Raehills).
Curtis, 1829: 28 (Proteinus; nomen nudum; catalog; Britain). Stephens, 1839: 424 (Proteinus; characters; England). Hardy, 1851: 63 (Proteinus; synonym of brachypterus). Fauvel, 1871a: 56 [= 1872: 30] (Proteinus; characters; France; Scandinavia; Britain; Germany; Austria; Italy; Algeria). Fauvel, 1873b: 110 [= 1873c: 3] (Protinus; Sicily; Russia). Fauvel, 1874: 320 [= 1874b: 26] (Protinus; Spain). Fauvel, 1878: 87 [= 1878a: 7] (Protinus; Algeria). Fauvel, 1886: 13 [= 1886a: 5] (Protinus; Algeria). Fowler, 1888: 428 (Proteinus; characters; Britain). Ganglbauer, 1895: 759 (Proteinus; characters; middle Europe; western Mediterranean region). Fauvel, 1902b: 50 (Proteinus; Algeria; Tunisia). Reitter, 1905a: 227 (Proteinus; characters; central Europe; Mediterranean region). Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 67 (Protinus; Corsica). Reitter, 1909: 199 (Proteinus; characters; Germany). Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 34 (Proteinus; catalog). Portevin, 1929: 458 (Proteinus; characters; France).

646

Sjberg, 1930: 180 (Proteinus; characters; notes). Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1028 (Proteinus; catalog). Hinton, 1945: 52 (Proteinus; characters). Scheerpeltz and Hfler, 1948: 150 (Proteinus; fungus inhabitant). Jeannel and Jarrige, 1949: 323 (Proteinus; cave species; Italy). Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 414 (Proteinus; Greece). Horion, 1963: 29 (Proteinus; Ireland; Britain; Holland; Belgium; France; Spain; Balearics; Corsica; Sicily; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia Hercegovina; Macedonia; Bulgaria; Romania; Slovakia; Czech Republic; Poland; Germany; Austria). Lohse, 1964: 24 (Proteinus; characters; central Europe). Pope, 1977: 22 (Proteinus; Britain). Coiffait, 1973a: 269 (Proteinus; Morocco). Osella and Zanetti, 1975: 83 (Proteinus; collected from nest of Talpa europaea; notes; Italy). Hammond, 1980: 135 (Proteinus; Ireland). Tth, 1982: 25 (Proteinus; characters; Hungary). Lucht, 1987: 85 (Proteinus; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux). Welch, 1993: 227 (Proteinus; ovariole number and ovary structure). Bohc, 1993: 40 (Proteinus; Czech Republic; Slovakia). Sparacio, 1995: 137 (Proteinus; characters; notes; Sicily). Zanetti, 1995: 5 (Proteinus; Italy). Dauphin, 1995a: 106, 110, 118 (Proteinus; characters; France). Tronquet, 1998a: 114 (Proteinus; collected from marmot burrow; France). Outerelo, Gamarra, and Salgado, 1998: 128 (Proteinus; collected from cave; Spain). Owen, 1999b: 61 (Proteinus; captured underground at roots of old trees; Britain). Owen, 2000: 251 (Proteinus; pitfall trap collections from underground at roots of trees; Britain). Assing, 2001: 75 (Proteinus; collected from xerothermous site; Germany).

L DISTRIBUTION: USA. sawadai Hayashi, 1988: 18 (Proteinus; Type locality: Japan: Nagano Pref.: Mt. Kisokoma, about 2000 m.). L DISTRIBUTION: Japan. serrifer Muona, 1977, see: laevigatus Hochhuth, 1872. shibatai Hayashi, 1986: 109 (Proteinus; Type locality: Mt. Ifuri, Echizen-Ohno).
Hayashi, 1988: 22 (Proteinus; key).
DISTRIBUTION: Japan. siculus Dodero, 1923: 43 (Proteinus; Type locality: Sicilia: Castelbuono).
Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1028 (Proteinus; catalog). Sparacio, 1995: 137 (Proteinus; characters; notes; Sicily). Zanetti, 1995: 5 (Proteinus; Italy). Dauphin, 1995a: 104, 108 (Proteinus; characters).
L DISTRIBUTION: Italy. subsulcatus Stephens, 1834, see: ovalis Stephens, 1834. sulcatus Fauvel, 1878d: 195 [= 1878e: 31] (Proteinus; Type locality: Californie, Mariposa).
Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 34 (Proteinus; catalog).
DISTRIBUTION: USA. tateoitoi Hayashi, 1988: 20 (Proteinus; Type locality: Japan: Japan: Kyoto Pref.: Hanase). L DISTRIBUTION: Japan.
thomasi Frank, 1979: 333 (Proteinus; Type locality: U.S.A.: Florida: Marion Co., Ocala. Also cited from New Jersey).
Frank and Thomas, 1984: 100 (Proteinus; characters). Lundgren, 1998: 38 (Proteinus; Florida; New Jersey).
DISTRIBUTION: USA. zanettii Dauphin, 1999: 138 (Proteinus; cited as zanetti at head of description, but as zanettii in abstract; Type locality: Grecia: Polludroso). L DISTRIBUTION: Greece.
Tribe Silphotelini Silphotelini Newton and Thayer, 1995: 247286, 297 (description; phylogenetic relationships; includes Silphotelus and Alloproteinus; discussion).
Klimaszewski, Newton, and Thayer, 1996: 146 (list of New Zealand genera; number of New Zealand species).
Alloproteinus [1 species; Neotropical Region] Alloproteinus Steel, 1966: 300 (species included: nigriceps). TYPE ceps Fauvel, fixed by original designation and monotypy.
Newton and Thayer, 1995: 297 (Silphotelini).

Proteinus nigri-

nigriceps Fauvel, 1867a: 50 [= 1868: 55] (Proteinus; Type locality: Santiago).
Bernhauer and Schubert, 1910: 34 (Proteinus; catalog). Steel, 1966: 302 (Alloproteinus; [Note: Although the species has remained in Proteinus in the works of other authors, I retain it in Alloproteinus because I assume that Steels work was overlooked and that the genera have not been synonymized]; characters; Chile). Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 457 (Proteinus; characters; Chile). Scheerpeltz, 1972: 8 (Proteinus; Argentina).
DISTRIBUTION: Argentina, Chile.
Silphotelus [2 species; Australian Region] Silphotelus Broun, 1895: 83 (species included: nitidus). TYPE SPECIES: Silphotelus nitidus Broun, fixed by monotypy.

Steel, 1966: 288, 303 (adult characters; larval characters, cited as Silhpotelus; key to species). Newton and Thayer, 1995: 297 (Silphotelini). Klimaszewski, Newton, and Thayer, 1996: 146 (endemic to New Zealand and nearby islands).
nitidus Broun, 1895: 84 (Silphotelus; Type locality: Hunua Range).
Kuschel, 1990: 25 (Silphotelus; endemic; winged; habitat; New Zealand). Steel, 1966: 304 (Silphotelus; characters; New Zealand). Klimaszewski and Watt, 1997: 170 (Silphotelus; characters; collecting notes; New Zealand).
DISTRIBUTION: New Zealand. obliquus Broun, 1912: 416 (Silphotelus; Type locality: Greymouth).
Steel, 1966: 306 (Silphotelus; characters; New Zealand).
DISTRIBUTION: New Zealand.
P R O TO P S E L A P H I N A E [1 genus; 8 species; Oriental Region] Protopselaphinae Newton and Thayer, 1995: 227, 247286, 301 (phylogenetic relationships; characters; discussion; includes Protopselaphus). Type genus Protopselaphus, by original designation.
Lawrence and Newton, 1995: 825 (discussion). M. Hansen, 1996: 35 (listed in Omaliine group of subfamilies). M. Hansen, 1997: 83, 176, 178 (may belong in clade with Dasycerinae and Pselaphinae; key characters; notes).
Protopselaphus [8 species; Oriental Region] Protopselaphus Newton and Thayer, 1995: 227 (species included: watrousi, burckhardti, frogneri, crowsoni, poringensis, grandis, loebli, taylori). TYPE SPECIES: Protopselaphus watrousi Newton and Thayer, fixed by original designation. burckhardti Newton and Thayer, 1995: 245 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Sabah: Mt. Kinabalu, 15001650 m [605N, 11633E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. crowsoni Newton and Thayer, 1995: 244 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Sabah: Mt. Kinabalu, 1750 m [605N, 11633E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. frogneri Newton and Thayer, 1995: 243 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Mala: Sarawak, Kapit Dist., nr. Ng. Tekalit [138N, 11335E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. grandis Newton and Thayer, 1995: 246 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: W. Malaysia: Pahang, Cameron Highls., 1550 m, Gunung Jasar, trail 11 [436N, 10117E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. loebli Newton and Thayer, 1995: 246 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Sabah: Mt. Kinabalu, 15501650 m [605N, 11633E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. poringensis Newton and Thayer, 1995: 243 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Sabah: Poring Hot Springs, 500 m [603N, 11641E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. taylori Newton and Thayer, 1995: 245 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Sarawak: Baco Pk. nr. Kuching [Bukit Bako, 140N, 11026E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia. watrousi Newton and Thayer, 1995: 241 (Protopselaphus; Type locality: Malaysia: Pahang, G. Batu Berinchang [Gunong Batu Berinchang, 431N, 10123E]). L DISTRIBUTION: Malaysia.