FAGOR 8025 CNC

The Fagor 8025 is a compact CNC designed to control all kinds of machine-tools of 1 to 5 axes (Milling machines, Machining Centers, Lathes and Turning Centers, general purpose applications grinders, Laser lines, etc.) with an optimum features/cost ratio.

Inputs/Outputs

FEEDBACK INPUTS

Configuration:

The Fagor 8025 CNC integrates, in a single module, the following elements: Central control unit, with an optional INTEGRATED PLC (PLCI). Monitor/Keyboard/Operator Panel to display data and operate the CNC. It consists of:
inputs, for up to 4 axes (5 on the 8025MS model) and, optionally: Spindle encoder Electronic handwheel C axis, synchronized live tool (on the 8025TS model) 6 ( 10V) for axes, spindle, live tool, laser beam intensity control, controlled turret. 55 V TTL 24 V Vdc 41 inputs/24 outputs signals: x1, x2 and x4 signals: x1, x2, x5, x10
- 8 Monochrome monitor. - Full alphanumeric keyboard. - Function softkeys. - Integrated Operator Panel.

ANALOG OUTPUTS

PROBE INPUT DIGITAL INPUTS/ OUTPUTS FEEDBACK PULSE MULTIPLIER

Sinewave

FAGOR 8025 M/MG/MS CNC
For Milling Machines and Machining Centers.
NUMBER OF AXES COORDINATES/AXES SYSTEMS SPINDLE INTERPOLATION

FAGOR 8025 GP CNC

For General Purpose.
4 (models 8025M/8025MG) 5 (8025MS model)
4 Slaving of the 4th , 5th axis with its associated axis Polar origin preset Spindle orientation M19
Slaving of the 4th , 5th axis with its associated axis Polar origin preset

Spindle orientation M19

Linear: 3D Circular: 2D Helical Tool radius, length and wear (up to 98 tools) Leadscrew error compensation Cross compensation
Linear: 3D Circular: 2D (up to 4 axes) Helical

COMPENSATIONS

COMPENSATIONS DISPLAY OF WORK FEEDRATE PROGRAMMING
Tool length (up to 98 tools) In mm/min. or inches/min.
DISPLAY OF WORK FEEDRATE GRAPHICS (MODELS 8025MG AND 8025MS) CANNED CYCLES
In mm/min. or in inches/min. Path simulation (in 2D and in 3D) Zoom to reduce/enlarge the part or portions of it
Mirror image Zero offsets, pattern rotation User defined canned cycles

CONTROL IN OPEN LOOP

Up to four axes with signals for each axis (fast, slow, direction, brake and in position)
Drilling Threading (electronic, tapping, rigid tapping) Boring/reaming Pocket (rectangular and circular) User defined cycle

PROGRAMMING

Mirror image Zero offsets, pattern rotation Graphic programming assistance Automatic block generation (8025MS model)

DIGITIZING

Canned cycles for probing (8025MS model), tool calibration; measuring a surface, an angle, an inside or outside corner, a hole/boss, etc.

FAGOR 8025 T/TG/TS CNC

For Lathes and Turning Centers.
NUMBER OF AXES C AXIS COORDINATES/AXES SYSTEMS SPINDLE INTERPOLATION
4 (standard) Available on the 8025TS model Polar origin preset Spindle orientation M19 Linear: - Up to 3 axes simultaneously - Model 8025TS: 3D (XZC) Circular: - 2D (XZ) - Model 8025TS: 2D (XZ-XC-ZC) Tool radius and wear (up to 32 tools) Current tool dimension correction Leadscrew error compensation Constant Surface Speed (CSS) In mm/min. or in inches/min. S speed in rpm Path simulation Zoom to reduce/enlarge the part or portions of it Pattern repeat Roughing (along X, along Z) Turning (of a straight section, of an arc) Facing (in a straight section, in an arc) Deep hole drilling Threading (longitudinal, taper, on the face) Grooving along X and Z Zero offsets Graphic programming assistance Automatic block generation (8025TS model) Canned cycles for probing (8025TS model): Calibration, part measuring (X, Z) and tool correction (X, Z)

OPERATION IN JOG MODE AND IN AUTOMATIC DISPLAY OF WORK FEEDRATE GRAPHICS (MODELS TG Y TS) CANNED CYCLES

Technical Description

General characteristics
RESOLUTION BY MACHINE PARAMETER FEEDRATE COMPENSATIONS

Operation

DATA ENTRY
1, 2, 5 and 10 m (0.0001, 0.0002, 0.0005 and 0.001 inch) In mm/minute In mm/revolution
Manual data entry via keyboard Dialog with the operator for data entry (conversational data entry)
Leadscrew backlash (up to 255 m) Leadscrew pitch error: 30 pairs per axis (60 pairs for X, Y)
MANUAL AND AUTOMATIC OPERATION
LANGUAGES MONITOR COMMUNICATIONS
Software in Spanish, English, German, Italian, French, Portuguese and Chinese 8 amber CRT SIMULATION/EXECUTION
Two serial lines of up to 9600 baud: RS 232C (24V) RS 485 DNC channel, via RS-232C, to: Upload/download programs, tables, parameters, etc. Keystroke simulation Infinite program execution LAN: RS 485 Interface to connect the CNC with one or several PLCs, CNCs, etc.
Jog with electronic handwheel JOG Panel with keys for jogging the axes in continuous and incremental modes Feedrate Override switch ranging from 0% to 120% Spindle speed override between 50% and 120% Home search (incremental or distance-coded reference marks) Zero offsets (datum points)
Single block/continuous cycle Display of the axes position and their following error (lag) Display of parameter values, execution time and parts counter Tool inspection during program execution

Diagnostics

ERROR MANAGEMENT Errors in: programming, execution, internal hardware and over-temperature (with texts) Feedback and communication errors Activation of external emergencies Machine travel limits (by software)

MONITORING

Inputs/outputs status Of the integrated PLC
CNC language editing (ISO) Teach-in mode editing (by executing the block before storing it in memory) Editing in play-back mode (self-teaching) Geometric programming assistance (tangency, chamfers, square/round corner) Machining canned cycles in all planes User defined canned cycles Scaling factor Memory capacity for about 250 part-programs Up to 99 subroutines (standard, parametric and modal) which may be repeated up to 99 times Part digitizing (8025MS and 8025TS models)

DECODED M FUNCTIONS TABLES
Up to 99 BCD coded or 255 binary coded M functions may be accessed through parameters.
Dimensions in mm (inches)
8.5 (0.33) 40 (1.57) 273 (10.74) 193 (7.59) 352 (13.85) 335 (13.18) 8.5 (0.33) 6 (0.23)
Tool dimensions Up to 7 zero offsets 255 arithmetic parameters

INTEGRATED PLC

Optional integrated PLC (available for all models) PLC program file in non-volatile memory
40 (1.57) 320 width x 265 height (12.59 x 10.43) 100 (3.93)

197 (7.75) 222 (8.74)

Fagor Automation S.Coop.
B San Andrs s/n, Apdo. 144 E-20500 Arrasate-Mondragn, Spain Tel. 34-Fax 34-E-mail: info@fagorautomation.es
www.fagorautomation.mcc.es
Fagor Automation, Catalunya (Barcelona-Spain) Tel. 34-- Fax 34-Fagor Industriecommerz GmbH (Gppingen-Germany) Tel. 49-716120040 - Fax 49-716113327 Fagor Italia S.R.L. (Milano-Italy) Tel. 39-0295301290 - Fax 39-0295301298 Fagor Automation Ltda.Suc.Portuguesa (Lea da Palmeira-PO) Tel. 351-2-9968865 - Fax 351-2-9960719 Fagor Automation UK Ltd. (West Midlands-UK) Tel. 44-1384-572550 - Fax 44-1384-572025 Fagor Automation Suisse S. r.l. (Renan-Switzerland) Tel. 41-329631863 - Fax 41-329631864 Fagor Automation Systmes (Clermont Ferrand-France) Tel. 33-473277916 - Fax 33-473280538 Fagor Automation (Asia) Ltd. (Hong Kong) Tel. 852-23891663 - Fax 852-23895086 Fagor Automation (Asia) Ltd., Twn Branch (H.K.) (Taiwan) Tel. 886-4-3271282 - Fax 886-4-3271283

With Total Solutions

To Automate and Control your Machine-Tool.
Fagor Automation offers a wide range of servo systems (motor+drive) adapted to the particular requirements of your machine. These servo systems, together with the Fagor 8025 CNCs complete a full package meeting the technological requirements of the current Machine-Tool.
Fagor Automation (S) Pte. Ltd. (Singapore) Tel 65-8417345 - Fax 65-8417348 Beijing Fagor Automation Equipment Co.,Ltd. Office and Service Centre (China) Tel. 86-10-64641951 - Fax 86-10-64641954 Beijing Fagor Automation Equipment Ltd. Nanjing Office (China) Tel. 86-25-3328259 - Fax 86-25-3328260 Beijing Fagor Automation Equipment Co.,Ltd. Guangzhou Rep. Office (China) Tel. 86-20-86553124 - Fax 86-20-86553124
FAGOR Digital Servo Systems
The Fagor servo drive family is completed with a wide spectrum of synchronous brushless AC motors and asynchronous motors. Fully digital servo drive system Brushless AC Servomotors for axes: from 0.63 Nm to 50 Nm (0.71 in lb to 5.65 in lb) Induction AC motors for spindles: from 2.2 Kw to 30 Kw (3 HP to 40 HP) in S1.

Fagor Automation Korea, Ltd. (Seoul-Korea) Tel. 82-2-36652923 - Fax 82-2-36652925 Fagor Automation do Brasil Com.Imp.Exp.Ltda. (Brazil) Tel. 55-11-51841414 - Fax 55-11-51819898 Fagor Automation Corp. (Chicago-USA) Tel. 1-847-9811500 - Fax 1-847-9811311 Fagor Automation West Coast (CA-USA) Tel. 1-714-9579885 - Fax 1-714-9579892 Fagor Automation East Coast (New Jersey-USA) Tel. 1-973-7733525 - Fax 1-973-7733526
G2C DV 8025 - IN - A.G. Elkar D.L. BI-1492-99
Fagor Automation Ontario (Mississauga-Canada) Tel. 1-905-6707448 - Fax 1-905-6707449 Fagor Automation Quebec (Montreal-Canada) Tel. 1-450-2270588 - Fax 1-450-2276132
Fagor DC Servo Drive systems
A compact and profitable DC servo drive system:

Fagor Fagor

DC Servo drives: Compact drive with integrated power supply.
DC Motors (DCM): for applications needing between 1 Nm and 12 Nm, (between 0.11 in lb and 1.35 in lb) offering high torque and easy control of speeds between 1200 rpm and 4000 rpm.
Fagor Automation holds the ISO 9001 Company certificate and all its products carry the seal.

MONDRAGON

CORPORACION COOPERATIVA

Worldwide reliability

Fagor shall not be held responsible of any printing errors in this catalog and reserves the right to make any changes without prior notice.

The machine parameters only admit integer values and sometimes the Feedback Factor has decimals. In those cases, assign the integer part to the machine parameter and use the leadscrew compensation table to make up for the decimal part. The values to be entered in the table are calculated with the following formula: Leadscrew position = Leadscrew Error (microns) x Integer of feedback factor / decimals of the feedback factor For example: Gear ratio = 1 Leadscrew pitch = 6000 Encoder = 2500 Feedback factor = 19660.8 Machine parameter = 19660 For a leadscrew error of 20 microns Leadscrew position = 20 x 19660 / 0.8 = 491520 Going on with the calculation, we come up with the following table. Leadscrew position Leadscrew error P0 = -1966.000 P1 = -0.080 P2 = -1474.500 P3 = -0.060 P4 = -983.000 P5 = -0.040 P6 = -491.500 P7 = -0.020 P8 = 0 P9 = 0 P10 = 491.500 P11 = 0.020 P12 = 983.000 P13 = 0.040 P14 = 1472.500 P15 = 0.060 P16 = 1966.000 P17 = 0.080

3. NEW MODEL

From this version on, the new model MLI is now available. It offers the same features as the MGI model and it is sold together with the motors and ACS drives.
Headquarters (SPAIN): Fagor Automation S. Coop.
B San Andrs s/n, Apdo. Arrasate - Mondragn Tel: +34-943-719200 Fax: +34- 943-791712 +34-943-771118 (Service Dept.) www.fagorautomation.com E-mail: info@fagorautomation.es

FAGOR 8025/8030 CNC

Models: M, MG, MS, GP OPERATING MANUAL

Ref. 9701 (in)

ABOUT THE INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL
This manual is addressed to the machine operator. It describes how to operate with this 8025 CNC. It includes the necessary information for new users as well as advanced subjects for those who are already familiar with this CNC product. It may not be necessary to read this whole manual. Consult the list of "New Features and Modifications" which will indicate to you the chapters and sections describing them. Consult the Comparison Table in order to find the specific features offered by your particular CNC model. There is also an appendix on error codes which indicates some of the probable reasons which could cause each one of them. Notes: The information described in this manual may be subject to variations due to technical modifications. FAGOR AUTOMATION, S.Coop. Ltda. reserves the right to modify the contents of the manual without prior notice.

Section Page

Comparison table for Mill Model FAGOR 8025/8030 CNCs... ix New features and modifications... xv
INTRODUCTION Safety Conditions.... Intr. 3 Material Returning Terms... Intr. 5 Fagor Documentation for the 8025/30 M CNC... Intr. 6 Manual Contents... Intr. 7 1. 2. 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 3. 3.1. 3.1.1. 3.1.1.1. 3.1.1.2. 3.1.1.3. 3.1.1.4. 3.1.1.5. 3.1.1.6. 3.1.1.7. 3.1.2. 3.1.2.1. 3.1.2.2. 3.1.2.3. 3.1.2.4. 3.1.2.5. 3.1.2.6. 3.1.2.7. 3.1.3. 3.1.4. 3.1.5. 3.1.6. 3.1.7. 3.1.8. 3.2. 3.2.1 Overview.... 1 Front panel 8025/30 CNC.... 2 Monitor/keyboard for the 8030 CNC.... 2 Control panel for the 8030 CNC... 4 Monitor/keyboard/control panel for the 8025 CNC.. 5 Selection of colors.... 7 Cancellation of monitor display... 7 Function keys (soft keys)... 7 OPERATING MODES.... mode: AUTOMATIC (Continuous cycle) / 1 mode: SINGLE BLOCK.. 10 Execution of a program.... 10 Selection of the Automatic (0) Single Block (1) operating modes. 10 Selection of the program to be executed.. 10 Selection of the first block to be executed... 11 Display of the contents of the blocks.... 11 Cycle Start.... 12 Cycle Stop.... 12 Changing the operating mode... 13 Display modes..... 13 Selection of the display mode... 13 Standard display mode.... 14 Current position display mode.... 15 Following error display mode.... 15 Arithmetic parameters display mode... 15 Subroutine status, clock and parts counter display mode... 16 Graphics display mode.... 17 Programming while running a program. Background.. 18 PLC/LAN mode.... 18 Verification and modification of the values of the tool offset table without stopping the cycle... 19 Tool inspection.... 19 CNC reset.... 21 Display and deletion of the Messages sent by the FAGOR PLC 64.. 21 Mode 2: PLAY-BACK.... 22 Selection of the operating mode PLAY-BACK.. 22

Up to 4 axes with graphics MG Machining Centers MS

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

GP INPUTS/OUTPUTS Feedback inputs... Linear axes... Rotary axes... Spindle encoder... Electronic handwheels.. Probe input... Square-wave feedback signal multiplying factor, x2/x4.. Sine-wave feedback signal multiplying factor, x2/x4/10/x20. Maximum counting resolution 0.001mm/0.001/0.0001inch.. Analog outputs (10V) for axis servo drives.. Spindle analog output (10V).. AXIS CONTROL Axes involved in linear interpolations.. Axes involved in circular interpolations.. Helical interpolation.... Electronic threading.... Spindle control... Software travel limits... Spindle orientation... Management of non-servo-controlled Open-Loop motor.. PROGRAMMING Part Zero preset by user.... Absolute/incremental programming... Programming in cartesian coordinates.. Programming in polar coordinates.. Programming in cylindrical coordinates (radius, angle, axis). Programming by angle and cartesian coordinate.. COMPENSATION Tool radius compensation... Tool length compensation... Leadscrew backlash compensation.. Leadscrew error compensation... Cross compensation (beam sag)... DISPLAY CNC text in Spanish, English, French, German and Italian.. Display of execution time... Piece counter... Graphic movement display and part simulation.. Tool base position display... Tool tip position display... Geometric programming aide... COMMUNICATION WITH OTHER DEVICES Communication va RS232C... Communication via DNC... Communication via RS485 (FAGOR LAN).. ISO program loading from peripherals.. OTHERS Parametric programming... Model digitizing... Possibility of an integrated PLC... Sheetmetal tracing on LASER machines... Jig Grinder... M MG MS

1 x x x x 4 1

1 x x x x 5 1

x x x x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x

x x x x

x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS
GP AXES AND COORDINATE SYSTEMS XY (G17) plane selection... XZ and YZ plane selection (G18,G19).. Part measuring units. Millimeters or inches (G70,G71).. Absolute/incremental programming (G90,G91).. Independent axis (G65)... REFERENCE SYSTEMS Machine reference (home) search (G74).. Coordinate preset (G92).... Zero offsets (G53.G59)... Polar origin preset (G93)... Store current part zero (G31)... Recover stored part zero (G32)... PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS Feedrate F.... Feedrate in mm/min. or inches/minute (G94).. Feedrate in mm/revolution or inches/revolution (G95).. Constant surface speed (G96)... Constant tool center speed (G97)... Programmable feedrate override (G49).. Spindle speed (S)... S value limit (G92)... Tool and tool offset selection (T)... AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS Program stop (M00)... Conditional program stop (M01)... End of program (M02)... End of program with return to first block (M30).. Clockwise spindle start (M03)... Counter-clockwise spindle start (M04).. Spindle stop (M05)... Tool change in machining centers (M06)... Spindle orientation (M19)... Spindle speed range change (M41, M42, M43, M44).. Functions associated with pallets (M22, M23, M24, M25). PATH CONTROL Rapid traverse (G00)... x Linear interpolation (G01).. x Circular interpolation (G02,G03)... x Circular interpolation with absolute center coordinates (G06).. x Circular path tangent to previous path (G08).. x Arc defined by three points (G09).. x Tangential entry at beginning of a machining operation (G37). x Tangential exit at the end of a machining operation (G38).. x Controlled radius blend (G36)... x Chamfer (G39).... x Electronic threading (G33)... ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS Dwell (G04 K)... x Round and square corner (G05, G07).. x Mirror image (G10,G11,G12)... x Mirror image along the Z axis (G13).. x Scaling factor (G72)... x Pattern rotation (G73)... x Slaving/unslaving of axes (G77, G78)... x Single block treatment (G47, G48)... x User error display (G30)... x Automatic block generation (G76)... Communication with FAGOR Local Area Network (G52).. x x x x x x M MG MS x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

MODIFIED MANUAL AND SECTION Installation Manual Installation Manual Installation Manual Programming Manual Applications Manual Applications Manual Section 3.3.4 Section 4.6 Section 4.1 G52

June 1991

3.1 and newer
FEATURE Repetitive emergency subroutine New function F29. It takes the value of the selected tool Function M06 does not execute M19 Greater speed when executing several parametric blocks in a row.
MODIFIED MANUAL AND SECTION Installation Manual Programming Manual Installation Manual Section 3.3.8 Chapter 13 Section 3.3.5

March 1992

4.1 and newer
FEATURE Bell-shape acceleration/deceleration control Expansion of cross compensation Rigid Tapping G84 R Possibility to enter the sign of the leadscrew backlash for each axis Independent execution of an axis
MODIFIED MANUAL AND SECTION Installation Manual Installation Manual Programming Manual Installation Manual Programming Manual Section 4.7 Section 4.10 G84 Section 4.9 G65

July 1993

5.1 and newer
FEATURE Double cross compensation Linear and bell-shaped acc./dec. ramp combination for the axes Acceleration/deceleration control for the the spindle Multiple arc pattern machining Tool tip position display The associated subroutine is executed before the T function The additional circular sections of a compensated path are executed in G05 or G07 VGA monitor 8030 CNC.
MODIFIED MANUAL AND SECTION Installation Manual Installation Manual Installation Manual Programming Manual Installation Manual Installation Manual Installation Manual Installation Manual Section 4.10 Section 4.7 Section 5. G64 Section 3.3.5 Section 3.3.5 Section 3.3.8 Chapter 1

March 1995

5.3 and newer
FEATURE Management of feedback with coded Io Spindle inhibit by PLC Handwheel management by PLC Rapid (JOG) key simulation via PLC Non-servo-controlled open-loop motors Function G64, multiple machining in an arc. To be selected by machine parameter. Initialization of machine parameters after memory loss.
MODIFIED MANUAL AND SECTION Installation Manual Installation Manual Installation Manual PLCI Manual Applications Manual Installation Manual Section 3.3.9 Section 4.6 & 6.5 Section 3.3.9 Section 3.3.3

September 1995

6.0 and newer
FEATURE 512 Kb of part-program memory When conditional input (block skip) active while in JOG mode, the key is ignored
MODIFIED MANUAL AND SECTION Operating Manual Section 3.6

Installation Manual

Section 1.3.6

INTRODUCTION

Introduction - 1

SAFETY CONDITIONS

3.1.2.3. ACTUAL POSITION display mode. The position of the axes is displayed with large characters. The number of the programme, the block, the status of the G, M, T, S and F functions, as well as PLC messages, if any, comments and the meaning of the function keys, are also displayed.
3.1.2.4. FOLLOWING ERROR display mode. The axis following error is displayed, as well as the programme number, the block number, the status of the G, M, T, S and F functions, as well as PLC messages, if any, comments and the meaning of the function keys, are also displayed.
3.1.2.5. ARITHMETIC PARAMETERS display mode. If the [PARAMETERS] function key is pressed, on the upper part of the screen a list of parameters will appear with their corresponding value at that moment. By pressing either of the keys and the remaining parameters will appear with their values. For example: P46 = -1724.9281 P47 = -.10842021 E2 E-2 means ten to the power of minus two.
3.1.2.6. SUBROUTINE STATUS, CLOCK AND PARTS COUNTER display mode. Identical to the STANDARD display mode, except that instead of the following blocks to be run, the subroutines which are active at that moment appear with the following format:
Standard subroutines : N2.2 Subroutine number Number of times still to be run
Parametric subroutines : P2.2 Subroutine number Number of times still to be run
Repetition of subprograms (G25): G25.2 Indicates that it is a repetition of a subprogram by means of a G25, G26, G27,G28 or G29 function. Number of times still to be run
Should there be any active canned cycle it is also displayed with the following format: G2.2 Canned cycle code Number of times still to be run
The following also appears on the screen in this display mode: The CLOCK which indicates in hours, minutes and seconds the operation time of the CNC in the AUTOMATIC, SINGLE BLOCK, TEACH IN and DRY RUN modes. When the running of a program is interrupted or finished, the counting of the clock is also interrupted.
To reset the clock, push the DELETE button and then the function key [TIME], this clock being displayed on the screen. On the right, the clock appears with 4 digits THE PARTS NO. COUNTER. This counter increments one unit every time the CNC runs the M30 function or the M02 function. To reset the parts no. counter the DELETE key must be pressed and then the function key [PART COUNT], this counter being displayed on the screen.

TYPES OF MOVEMENT

6.2.1. G00. Positioning The movements programmed following G00 are executed at rapid feedrate set during the final adjustment of the machine by means of the machine-parameters. There are two different ways of movement in G00, depending on the value applied to P610(2) machine- parameter. a) Path not controlled. P610(2)=0 The rapid feedrate value is independent for each axis, thus, the path is not controlled when more than one axis move at the same time. b) Vectored G00. P610(2)=1 In this case the resultant path is always a straight line between the initial and the final point, no matter the number of axes that are moving. a) P610(2)=0 b) P610(2)=1
Initial point X100 Y100 N4 G00 G90 X400 Y300
In G00 movements, P4 machine-parameter can be used to identify whether the feedrate override knob operates between 0% and 100% or is frozen at 100%. When the CNC is turned on, after executing M02/M30 or after an EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNC takes the code G00 on. The code G00 is modal and incompatible with G01,G02,G03 and G33. G00 function can be programmed with G, G0 or G00. When programming G00 function, the last F programmed is not cancelled, that means that when G01,G02 or G03 is programmed again, the mentioned F is recovered.
6.2.2. G01. Linear interpolation The movements programmed after G01 are performed in a straight line at the feedrate F programmed. When two or three axes move simultaneously, the resulting path is a straight line between the initial point and the final point. The machine moves along that path at the programmed feedrate F. The CNC calculates the feedrates of each axis so that the feedrate of the resulting path is the programmed F. Example:

G01 G90 X650 Y400 F150

The knob on the front panel of the CNC (M.F.O.) can be used to vary the programmed feedrate F between 0% and 120% or between 0% and 100%, according to parameter P606(2). If, during a G01 movement, the RAPID FEED key is pressed, the movement will be performed at twice the programmed feedrate if P606(2) is zero. The same thing will happen when the external START input is activated if P609(7) is one. Function G01 is modal and incompatible with G00,G02,G03 and G33. Function G01 can be programmed as G1. 6.2.3. G02/G03. Circular helical interpolation G02: Clockwise circular helical interpolation. G03: Counter-clockwise circular helical interpolation.

6.15. G39. CHAMFERING This function chamfers the corner between two straight lines without the need to calculate the coordinates of the two intersections. G39 is not modal, i.e. it must be programmed every time a chamfering is needed. It must be programmed in the same block as the movement whose end must be chamfered. Use the code R4.3 in mm (R3.4 in inch), always positive, to program the distance between the final point programmed and the point in which the chamfer is to start. X.- X value of intersection point of the two G01 moves. Y.- Y value of intersection point of the two G01 moves. Example:
N0 G90 G01 G39 R15 X35 Y60 F100 N10 X50 Y0
6.16. TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION In normal milling work the path of the tool has to be calculated and defined taking its radius into account so as to obtain the required dimensions of the part produced. Tool radius compensation enables the contour of the part to be programmed directly without taking the dimensions of the tool into account. The CNC automatically calculates the path to be followed by the tool, based on the contour of the part and the tool radius value stored in the tool table. There are three preparatory functions for tool radius compensation: G40 : Cancellation of tool radius compensation G41 : Left hand tool radius compensation G42 : Right hand tool radius compensation
G41. The tool is on the left of the part as seen from the direction of movement. G42. The tool is on the right of the part as seen from the direction of movement.
The CNC has a table of up to 100 pairs of values for tool radius compensation. R identifies the tool radius and I the tool wear. The CNC will add (or subtract) the value of I to the value of R. The maximum compensation values are: R +/-1000 mm or +/-39.3699 inches I +/-32.766 mm or +/-1.2900 inches The compensation values must be stored in the tool table (operating mode 8) before starting the machining or else at the beginning of a part program by means of G50. The values of I,K can also be checked and modified without stopping the cycles execution (See Operation Manual). Once the plane in which the compensation is to be applied has been determined by codes G17,G18,G19 the compensation is made effective by means of G41 or G42 and acquires the table value selected by code Txx.xx (Txx.00-Txx.99). Functions G41 and G42 are modal (persistent) and are cancelled by G40, G74, G81, G82, G83,G84,G85,G86,G87,G88,G89,M02 and M30 and by EMERGENCY or RESET.

The values: G53 X0 Y0 G54 X-40 Y-40 G55 X-30 Y10 are entered in the G53-G59 table. The starting point is X0 Y0 N10 G00 G90 X70 Y20 N20 G01 Y35 F200 N30 X60 N40 G03 X60 Y20 I0 J-7,5 N50 G01 X70 Y20 N60 G54 N70 G25 N10.50.1 N80 G55 N90 G25 N10.50.1 N100 G53 N110 X0 Y0 N120 M30 6.22.1. G59 as additive zero offset If P619(7)=1 When any function of the G54. G59 type is executed, the zero offset applied to each axis will be the value indicated on the table (G54. G59) plus the value indicated in position G59 of the table. It does no affect G53. If P619(7)=0 In this case, the zero offset which is applied to each axis will be the value indicated on the table.
6.23 FUNCTION "G64". MULTIPLE ARC PATTERN MACHINING CYCLE By means of this function, it is possible to perform circular movements. This way, if a canned cycle is active when defining this function, the CNC will carry out the programmed movements and it will execute the canned cycle at each new position. Therefore, it is possible to perform drilling, threading operations, etc. in an arc pattern. The programming format for this cycle is as follows: G64 X Y B I C F Q U R A B K K I
The CNC takes as starting point, the one used to define the multiple machining cycle. The center of the arc may be defined in cartesian (XY) or polar coordinates (RA) X Defines the distance from the starting point to the center along the abscissa axis. Y Defines the distance from the starting point to the center along the ordinate axis. With parameters X and Y the center of the circle is defined in the same way that I and J do it in circular interpolations (G02, G03). R Defines the distance from the starting point to the center. A Defines the angle of the line joining the starting point and the center with respect to the X axis. The machining positions are set by combining 2 of the parameters "B, I and K". B I Defines the total angular travel and it is given in degrees. Defines the angular step between machining operations.
K Defines the total number of machining operations along the arc including the cycle defining point. It must be borne in mind that the cycle defining point has already been machined.

In any of the rapid probing movements (3), (7), (10), if after reaching the maximum distance (3P3), (3P3), (4P3) the CNC has not received the probes signal, error 65 will be displayed.
When the cycle is over, the CNCs parameter will show: P90 = Real X value of the edge. P91 = Real Y value of the edge. P92 = Real Z value of the edge. P93 = Real X value minus theoretical X value of the edge (P90-P0). P94 = Real Y value minus theoretical Y value of the edge (P91-P1). P95 = Real Z value minus theoretical Z value of the edge (P92-P2). P96 = Angle. Parameters P93, P94 and P95 indicate the offset amount to be added to the parts datum point so the theoretical values of the part are the same as the real values. To do so, the following function may be used: G53/59 I P93 J P94 K P95 But, if it is desired to make the parts datum point coincide with the probed point, the datum point may be moved by the following function: G53/59 I P90 J P91 K P92 and also, by means of the function to ROTATE the coordinate system: G73 A P96 The axes of the machine may be made to coincide with the sides of the part (as long as the measured edge coincides with the parts datum point) so the program can be executed without taking into account the angle.
N08. Hole centering cycle Programming format: G75 N08 P0=K P1=K P2=K P3=K P4=K P8=K P9=K- - P10=K G75 N08 = Hole centering cycle code. P0 = Theoretical X value of the holes center. P1 = Theoretical Y value of the holes center. P2 = Theoretical Z value of the holes center. P3 = Safety distance. P4 = Probing feedrate. P8 = Theoretical holes diameter. P9 = Initial probing feedrate. P10 = Withdrawal distance after initial probing. In this cycle, four probing movements will be performed on the sides of the hole; the first two on the ordinate of the main plane (Y axis of the XY plane) and the other two on the abscissa of such plane (X axis on the XY plane). Once the probing movements are completed, the CNC will finish the cycle by positioning the probe at the real center of the hole calculated by the CNC.
Next, the cycle movements are described in better detail. Let us suppose that the main plane is XY. See fig. The probe will be positioned at the theoretical center of the hole (XP0, YP1, ZP2). Next, the main plane axes will be probed (movement 1) and then, the axis perpendicular to the main plane (movement 2). Both movements will be executed in rapid mode G00.
3. First probing movement, Y axis. This movement is divided into:. Movement at a feedrate determined by P9 until the probes signal is received. Probes withdrawal in G00 to a distance determined by P10. Movement at a feedrate determined by P4 until the probes signal is received again. 4. The Y axis returns to the theoretical value Y=P1 in rapid. 5. Second probing movement, Y axis (similar to point 3). 6. The Y axis returns to the real center calculated on this axis. 7. Third probing movement, X axis (similar to point 3). 8. The X axis returns to the theoretical value X=P0 in rapid. 9. Forth probing, X axis (similar to the point 3). 10. The X axis returns to the real center calculated on that axis, thus positioning the probe in the real center of the hole and ending this cycle.

Final considerations.

Digitizing is always carried out within a defined volume. The planes which delimit this volume are parallel to the machine axes. Thanks to the appropriate distribution of the planes parts of the contour can be digitized. It is possible to divide the surface of the pattern into several parts and define a different sampling network for each area, all this by means of the combination of different sampling sweeps which Fagor offers as an example. The sequence of points must have a logical form for later machining, where the tool, with the same shape as the probe ball, will travel over the line of points stored in the program. If it is necessary to machine in several runs the program must be executed several times by applying successive origin displacements or changes in the tool length compensation. In a previous block, the control automatically reserves 100 blocks in which preparatory functions can be defined which affect all the program: rounded edges, scale factor, axis turn, etc.
Thanks to different processes within the digitizing program, we can optimize the probing of the pattern. For example, geometrical aid functions can also be entered in the generation block G76 with which it is possible to round off the machining profile calculated point by point. One of the multiple applications of the G76 function is the creation of a program known as the mathematical function. The path followed is calculated by means of a parametric program and executing it in DRY RUN. These programs have a special sense when the mathematical function is very complex and the control cannot process all the calculation in real time simultaneously with machining. The path breaks down previously into successive points, with the possibility of rounding off, for example, being stored as a new program.
. FAGORDNC FOR DIGITIZING Once executed, FAGORDNC selects the DIGITIZING option. Once this has been done, the computer waits to receive data from the CNC. Now we execute the probing program which has been chosen previously for the pattern. When the CNC stops digitizing the whole surface of the pattern, the computer will indicate the PROGRAM RECEIVED message. The programs stored in the computer can be modified with any text editor which generates ASCII characters, as if they were texts. In this way we can modify the depth of the run, work rate, etc., or program machining conditions in the first 100 blocks reserved for this. In order to execute the program store in the computer and after executing this, the FAGORDNC communicationsprogram, we will choose the INFINITE PROGRAM EXECUTION option. The computer will ask for the program number, and afterwards, the number of times that it will repeat the program, and finally, we will choose between executing the program in AUTOMATIC, DRY RUN, G FUNCTIONS, THEORETICAL PATH. After this sequence of keystrokes, the computer starts sending the program generated to the numerical control, following the path of the previously digitized surface. Once the program has been completely executed, the computer will show the PROGRAM EXECUTED message. It is very important to be familiar with the OPERATING SYSTEM of the computer to carry out all these processes. On occasions, it is of invaluable help.

. PARAMETERS INVOLVED WITH DIGITIZING. P612 bit 7 indicates the type of impulse (+ or -). P720 if G75 sends M. The 9-pin A6 connector is used for receiving the signals from a measurement probe. (Specifications in the Installation and Start-up Manual).
6.30.4. G76. Automatic block generation This function (G76) is used to generate blocks that are automatically loaded into the CNC or to a computer (via DNC). If the new program is going to be loaded into the CNC, a block of the type G76 P5 must be previously written. But if the new program is to be sent directly to a computer, a block of the type G76 N5 must be previously written. Once G76 P5 or G76 N5 executed; each time that the CNC executes any block containing G76, it will load whatever is after G76 into the new program. The programming format is: N4 G76 (contents of the block to be created). The contents of the block to be created are similar to the normal programming except that the preparatory functions G22 and G23 cannot be programmed. After G76, the coordinates can be programmed in different ways: a) (V+/-4.3)(W+/-4.3) X+/- 4.3 Z+/-4.3 Loads the axes with the indicated values. b) (V)(W) X Y Z Loads the axes with the theoretical values that they show at this time. c) (VP2)(WP2) XP2 ZP2 Loads the axes with the values of the parameter at this time. In the same way, if FP2 or SP2 are programmed after G76, the CNC will load the F or S in the new program with the values of the parameter in that moment.
Example: Let us suppose that the X coordinate of the point where the machine finds itself is 78.35. If we run the following program: N10 G76 P00345 N20 G76 G1 X F500 M3 N30 P2=P3 F2 K1 N40 G76 XP2 ZP5 M7 N50 G76 G0 X14 Z20 M5 and if in block 40 the parameter values are: P2=14.853 and P5=154.37, the CNC will generate the following program P00345. N100 G1 X78.35 F500 M3 N101 X14.853 Z154.37 M7 N102 G0X14 Z20 M5 It is necessary to program all five digits of the program number in blocks of type G76 P5 or G76 N5. The CNC must be in DNC ON (operating mode 7) in order to load the new program into a computer (see DNC manual). If the number of the program to be generated exists already in memory (e.g. P12345) it must be in the last position of the program map; but if G76 P12345 is executed, the old program is erased and the new one can be generated. When the program number exists in memory but is not the last one in the memory map, the CNC will issue error 56.
When a program is edited it goes to the last position in the memory map and when it is executed it goes to the first position. When a program is being generated, another program cannot be generated until the generation of the previous one is cancelled by means of M2, M30, RESET or EMERGENCY. Some of the applications of the G76 function are, for example, the creation of a program after the calculation of a path by means of a parametric program, or the DIGITIZING of a model with a measuring probe (G75) generating a point-to-point program as large as desired.

A more detailed explanation of the (G81,G82,G84,G85,G86 and G89) canned cycle is subsequently given, supposing that the main plane is the one formed by X and Y axes and that Z is the axis of the tool.
6.32.5.1. G81. Drilling canned cycle The operations and movements of the tool (Z axis) are as follows:. If the spindle was previously running, it continues rotating in the same direction. If it was not running, it starts clockwise (M03). Rapid movement of the Z axis from the starting plane to the reference (approach) plane. Movement at the working feedrate of the Z axis to the full machining depth. Dwell, if K has been programmed. Rapid withdrawal of the tool (Z axis) to the reference (approach) plane if G99 is programmed. Rapid withdrawal to the starting plane if G98 is programmed.

(G81) DRILLING

P=Starting plane

K=Programmable dwell

R=Reference plane G01 Feed G00 Feed
Example G81 Drilling four holes 20 mm deep (polar coordinates). Let us suppose that:. The distance between the reference plane and the surface of the part is 2 mm. The starting point is X0,Y0,Z0 and the spindle is not running. N0 G81 G98 G00 G91 X250 Y350 Z-98 I-22 F100 S500 N1 N5 G93 I250 J250 N10 A-45 N3 N15 G80 G90 X0 Y0 N20 M30
First block (N0) G81 : Defines the drilling canned cycle. G98 : Defines the tool withdrawal (Z axis) to the starting plane. G00 : Defines the movement of the X and Y axes as being rapid. G91 : Defines the dimensions as being incremental. X( ) : Movement in millimeters on these axes. Y( ) Z( ) : Tool movement in millimeters (Z axis) from the starting plane to the reference plane. I( ) : Movement in millimeters from the reference plane to the full machining depth.
F( ) : Working feedrate in mm/min. S( ) : Spindle rotation speed in rev/min. N( ) : Number of times the block is repeated.
Second block (N5) G93 : Defines the origin of polar coordinates (polar origin). I( ) J( ) : Coordinate values (abscissa, ordinate) of the polar origin.
Third block (N10) A( ) : Incremental angular movement referred to the polar origin defined in N5. N( ) : Number of times the block is repeated.
Fourth block (N15) G80 : Cancellation of the canned cycle. G90 :Defines the X and Y dimensions as being absolute. X( ) :Absolute coordinate values of these. Y( )
Fifth block (N20) M30 : End of program, with return to the first block.

Starting plane

Reference plane
Sequence and explanation of operations 1. The X moves in rapid to point X250, and the Y axis to point Y350. 2. The spindle starts rotating clockwise (M03) at 500 rev/min. 3. The Z axis moves 98 mm in rapid to Z-98 (reference plane). 4. The Z axis moves a further 22 mm at the working feedrate (F100) to point Z-120 (full drilling depth). 5. The Z axis withdraws 22 mm in rapid to the starting plane (Z 0). 6. The X,Y axes move in rapid to a point located at 45 from the previous position, along a circle centered on X250 Y250 and radius 100 (distance from the first hole to the polar origin). 7. Operations 3,4 and 5 are repeated. 8. Operations 6 is repeated. 9. Operations 3,4 and 5 are repeated. 10. Operation 6 is repeated. 11. Operation 3,4 and 5 are repeated. 12. The X,Y axes move in rapid to point X0,Y0. 13. End of program. The spindle stops running. A different program for this example could be the following: Polar origin X0 Y0. N0 G81 G98 G00 G91 R430.116 A54.462 Z-98 I-22 F100 S500 N1 N5 G93 I250 J250 N10 A-45 N3 N15 G80 G90 X0 Y0 N20 M30

PREDEFINED ARITHMETIC PARAMETERS There are parameters whose value depends on the status of the CNC.
P100. PARAMETER INDICATING THE FIRST TIME This parameter takes the value of 0, every time a program is run for the first time.
P101. PARAMETER INDICATING OPERATING MODE The value of this parameter, is defined by operating mode active in the CNC.
Active mode Automatic Single block Teach in 0 Dry run 3 4

Submode

Value taken P8
Assignments Any value can be assigned to a parameter. a) N4 P1 = P2 The indicates that P1 takes the value of P2, while P2 keeps the value it had. b) N4 P1 = K1.5 P1 takes the value 1.5 K identifies a constant. Constants can have values comprised between +/-99999.999. c) N4 P1 = X P1 takes the theoretical value of the actual position of the X axis. d) N4 P1 = Y P1 takes the theoretical value of the actual position of the Y axis. e) N4 P1 = Z P1 takes the theoretical value of the actual position of the Z axis. f) N4 P1 =W P1 takes the theoretical value of the actual position of the W axis. g) N4 P1 = T P1 takes the actual value of the clock (execution time) in hundredths of a second. This assignation entails the cancellation of the radius compensation (G41 or G42). h) N4 P1 - 0X P1 takes the theoretical coordinate of the X axis, with respect to the machine zero where the CNC is situated.
i) N4P1 = 0Y P1 takes the theoretical coordinate of the Y axis, with respect to the machine zero where the CNC is situated. j) N4P1 = 0Z P1 takes the theoretical coordinate of the Z axis, with respect to the machine zero where the CNC is situated. k) N4P1 = 0W P1 takes the theoretical coordinate of the 4th W axis, with respect to the machine zero where the CNC is situated. l) N4P1 = 0V P1 takes the theoretical coordinate of the 5th V axis,with respect to the machine zero where the CNC is situated. In these last assignments, the measuring units taken by arithmetic parameter, depend upon the value assigned to the machine parameter P618(8). If we assign the value 1 to this machine parameter, when the assignment parameter block is executed, of the P1 = 0X type: P1 takes the value of the X coordinate, with respect to the machine zero point, either in millimeters or inches, depending on the units of measure used. Nevertheless, if we assign the value 0, when P1=0X is executed, P1 takes the value of the X coordinate with respect to the machine zero, always in millimeters, without taking into consideration the units of measure which are being used (mm or inches). If any of the axes are ROTARY, the value taken by the parameter will always be in degrees. m)N4P1 = H (Value in HEXADECIMAL) P1 takes the value in HEXADECIMAL indicated after H. Possible values of H: 0/FFFFFFFF.

Section: BASIC OPERATION

3.4 MOVEMENT EXECUTION
The movements of the axes may be programmed by means of either G00 or G01 functions. If G02 or G03 is programmed, the CNC will issue error 14. All the movements are carried out as described earlier. Therefore, it is the same to program G00 or G01. A program block may contain the movements of up to 3 axes simultaneously. The CNC considers the execution of a block concluded when all the axes involved have reached position. In other words, when all their "In-Position" outputs are high. Usually, the movements of all the axes involved do not end at the same time (different distances, different T1, T2, T3, T4 delays, etc.). Execution example of a block involving X and Y movements.
Section: MOVEMENT EXECUTION
3.5 AUTOMATIC AND SINGLE BLOCK MODES 3.5.1 USING FUNCTION G05 AND G07
When operating in automatic mode, the CNC waits for a block to be finished before starting the execution of the next block. When operating in G07, the CNC considers the block execution concluded when all the axes involved have reached position. That is, when all their "In-Position" outputs are high. When operating in G05, the CNC acts as follows: When the axis enters the stopping zone (at a P904, P905, P906, P907 distance from the target point), the CNC deactivates the "Slow" output and it does not issue the "Brake" signal or the "In-Position" signal. The CNC considers the block execution concluded when all the axes involved have entered the stopping zone. In other words, when all their "Slow" outputs are set low (deactivated). Example: N00 G90 G07 X20 Y5 N10 G05 X40 Y7 N20 X60 Y2 N30 X80 N40 G07 X100 Y-2 N50 M30
Section: AUTOMATIC & SINGLE BLOCK

Page 7

3.5.2 SINGLE BLOCK EXECUTION
When operating in Single-Block mode, the CNC ignores function G05 and executes all the movements as if they were programmed in G07. The CNC considers the execution of the block concluded when all the involved axes have reached position. In other words, when all their "In-Position" outputs are high. If while executing a G05 in Automatic mode, you switch to Single Block mode, the CNC will execute this block in G07 and it will generate the "Brake" and "In-Position" signals at the end of the block.