Super NES Games

Title:

5-in-1 Super Mario All-Stars/Super Mario World 7th Saga, The A.S.P.: Air Strike Patrol Aaahh!!! Real Monsters ABC's Monday Night Football ACME Animation Factory ActRaiser ActRaiser 2 Addams Family Values Addams Family, The Addams Family: Pugsley's Scavenger Hunt, The Adventure of Kid Kleets, The Adventures of Batman & Robin, The Adventures of Dr. Franken Adventures of Rocky & Bullwinkle and Friends, The Adventures of Yogi Bear Aero Fighters Aero the Acro-bat Aero the Acro-bat 2 Aerobiz Aerobiz SuperSonic Air Cavalry Al Unser Jr.'s Road To The Top Alfred Chicken Alien vs. Predator Alien3 American Gladiators An American Tail: Fievel Goes West Andre Agassi Tennis Animaniacs Arcade's Greatest Hits: Atari Collection Arcana Ardy Lightfoot Arkanoid: Doh It Again Art of Fighting Axelay B.O.B. Ballz 3-D Barbie Super Model Bass Masters Classic Bass Masters Classic: Pro Edition Bassin's Black Bass with Hank Parker Batman Forever Batman Returns Battle Blaze Battle Cars Battle Clash Battle Grand Prix

Licensee

Nintendo Enix Seta Majesco Data East Sunsoft Enix Enix Ocean Ocean Ocean Ocean Konami DTMC THQ Cybersoft Video System Sunsoft Sunsoft Koei Koei Cybersoft Mindscape Mindscape Activision LJN Gametek Hudson Soft TecMagik Konami Midway Hal America Titus Nintendo Takara Konami Electronic Arts Accolade Hi-Tech Malibu Games Black Pearl Software Hot-B Acclaim Konami American Sammy Namco Nintendo Hudson Soft

Released

December 1994 September 1993 January 1995 November 1995 December 1993 November 1994 November 1991 November 1993 February 1995 March 1992 February 1993 August 1994 December 1994 December 1993 June 1993 October 1994 November 1994 October 1993 November 1994 February 1993 August 1994 June 1995 November 1994 February 1994 September 1993 May 1993 April 1993 August 1994 May 1994 November 1994 August 1997 May 1992 February 1996 November 1997 December 1993 September 1992 June 1993 November 1994 December 1993 June 1995 July 1996 November 1994 August 1995 April 1993 December 1993 December 1993 October 1992 April 1993
Battletoads & Double Dragon: The Ultimate Team Battletoads in Battlemaniacs Bazooka Blitzkrieg Beavis and Butt-Head Bebe's Kids Beethoven's 2nd Best of the Best: Championship Karate Big Sky Trooper Biker Mice from Mars Bill Laimbeer's Combat Basketball Bill Walsh College Football BioMetal Blackthorne Blastris/LazerBlazer Blazeon: The Bio-Cyborg Challenge Blues Brothers, The Bonkers Boogerman: A Pick and Flick Adventure Boxing Legends of the Ring Brain Lord Brainies, The Bram Stoker's Dracula Brandish Brawl Brothers BreakThru! Breath of Fire Breath of Fire II Brett Hull Hockey Brett Hull Hockey '95 Bronkie the Bronchiasaurus Brunswick's World Tournament of Champions Brutal: Paws of Fury Bubsy II Bubsy in: Claws Encounters of the Furred Kind Bugs Bunny Rabbit Rampage Bulls vs Blazers and the NBA Playoffs Bust-A-Move C2: Judgment Clay Cacoma Knight in Bizyland Cal Ripken Jr. Baseball California Games II Cannondale Cup Capcom's Soccer Shootout Captain America and the Avengers Captain Commando Captain Novolin Carrier Aces Casper
Tradewest Tradewest Bandai Majesco Mandingo Hi-Tech Electro Brain JVC Konami Hudson Soft EA Sports Activision Interplay Nintendo Atlus Software Titus Capcom Interplay Electro Brain Enix Titus Sony Imagesoft Koei Jaleco Spectrum Holobyte Square Soft Capcom Accolade Accolade Raya Systems Black Pearl Software Cybersoft Accolade Accolade Sunsoft EA Sports Taito Software Interplay Seta Mindscape DTMC American Softworks Capcom Mindscape Capcom Raya Systems Cybersoft Natsume
October 1993 June 1993 November 1992 November 1994 April 1994 December 1993 November 1992 October 1995 December 1994 November 1991 February 1994 November 1993 September 1994 February 1992 October 1992 June 1993 October 1994 December 1995 September 1993 August 1994 April 1996 September 1993 February 1995 April 1993 January 1995 August 1994 December 1995 January 1994 January 1995 September 1995 August 1997 December 1994 October 1994 May 1993 February 1994 December 1992 March 1995 January 1995 June 1993 December 1992 January 1993 November 1994 June 1994 September 1993 August 1995 November 1992 January 1995 December 1996

Castlevania - Dracula X Champions World Class Soccer Championship Pool Championship Soccer '94 Charles Barkley! Shut Up and Jam Chavez II Chessmaster, The Chester Cheetah: Too Cool to Fool Chester Cheetah: Wild Wild Quest Choplifter III Chrono Trigger Chuck Rock Clay Fighter Clay Fighter: Tournament Edition Claymates Cliffhanger Clue College Football USA '97: The Road to New Orleans College Slam Combatribes, The Congo's Caper Contra III: The Alien Wars Cool Spot Cool World CutThroat Island Cybernator Cyberspin Daffy Duck: The Marvin Missions Darius Twin David Crane's Amazing Tennis Death and Return of Superman, The Demolition Man Demon's Crest Dennis the Menace Desert Strike: Return to the Gulf D-Force Dig & Spike Volleyball Dinocity Dirt Trax FX Disney's Aladdin Disney's Beauty and the Beast Disney's Goof Troop Disney's The Lion King Donkey Kong Country Donkey Kong Country 2: Diddy's Kong Quest Donkey Kong Country 3: Dixie Kong's Double Trouble Doom Doomsday Warrior
Konami Acclaim Majesco Sony Imagesoft Accolade American Softworks Mindscape Kaneko Kaneko Extreme Square Soft Sony Imagesoft Majesco Interplay Interplay Sony Imagesoft Majesco Black Pearl Software Acclaim American Technos Data East Konami Virgin Interactive Ocean Acclaim Konami Takara Sunsoft Taito Software Absolute Sunsoft Acclaim Capcom Ocean Electronic Arts Asmik Hudson Soft Irem Acclaim Majesco Hudson Soft Majesco Majesco Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo Midway Renovation
September 1995 April 1994 November 1993 June 1994 June 1994 November 1994 September 1991 December 1992 March 1994 January 1994 August 1995 November 1992 November 1993 May 1994 March 1994 October 1993 July 1992 December 1996 February 1996 March 1993 May 1993 April 1992 September 1993 February 1993 March 1996 April 1993 November 1992 October 1993 November 1991 October 1992 August 1994 August 1995 November 1994 December 1993 October 1992 December 1991 December 1993 September 1992 November 1995 November 1993 July 1994 July 1993 October 1994 November 1994 December 1995 November 1996 September 1995 March 1993
Double Dragon V: The Shadow Falls Dragon View Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story Dragon's Lair Drakkhen Dream TV Duel: Test Drive II , The Dungeon Master E.V.O.: Search for Eden EarthBound Earthworm Jim Earthworm Jim 2 Eek! The Cat Elite Soccer Emmitt Smith Football Equinox ESPN Baseball Tonight ESPN National Hockey Night ESPN Speedworld ESPN Sunday Night Football Extra Innings Eye of the Beholder F1 Pole Position F1 ROC II: Race of Champions F1 ROC: Race of Champions Faceball 2000 Family Dog Family Feud Fatal Fury Fatal Fury 2 Fatal Fury Special FIFA International Soccer FIFA Soccer '96 Fighter's History Final Fantasy II Final Fantasy III Final Fantasy: Mystic Quest Final Fight Final Fight 2 Final Fight 3 Final Fight Guy Firepower 2000 Firestriker First Samurai Flashback: The Quest for Identity Flintstones: The Movie, The Flintstones: The Treasure of Sierra Madrock, The Football Fury

Tradewest Kemco Acclaim Data East Seika Triffix Accolade JVC Enix Nintendo Playmates Playmates Ocean Gametek JVC Sony Imagesoft Sony Imagesoft Sony Imagesoft Sony Imagesoft Sony Imagesoft Sony Imagesoft Capcom UBI Soft Seta Seta Bullet Proof Software Malibu Games Majesco Takara Takara Playmates EA Sports EA Sports Data East Square Soft Square Soft Square Soft Capcom Capcom Capcom Capcom Sunsoft DTMC Kemco US Gold Ocean Taito Software American Sammy
August 1994 November 1994 July 1995 February 1993 September 1991 April 1994 December 1992 June 1993 July 1993 June 1995 October 1994 November 1995 August 1994 August 1994 November 1995 March 1994 May 1994 December 1994 November 1994 November 1994 March 1992 April 1994 December 1993 July 1994 September 1992 September 1992 June 1993 October 1993 April 1993 April 1994 April 1995 May 1994 November 1995 August 1994 November 1991 October 1994 October 1992 September 1991 August 1993 January 1996 June 1994 November 1992 October 1994 July 1993 February 1994 February 1995 March 1994 October 1993
Foreman For Real Frank Thomas' Big Hurt Baseball Frantic Flea Full Throttle Racing Fun 'N' Games F-Zero Gemfire Genghis Khan II: Clan of the Grey Wolf George Foreman's KO Boxing Ghoul Patrol Goal! Gods GP-1 GP-1: Part II Gradius III Great Circus Mystery: Starring Mickey and Minnie, The Great Waldo Search, The GunForce Hagane HammerLock Wrestling Hardball III Harley's Humongous Adventure Harvest Moon Head-On Soccer Hit the Ice Hole in One Golf Home Alone Home Alone 2: Lost in New York Home Improvement Hook Hunt for Red October, The Hurricanes Hyper V-Ball HyperZone Ignition Factor, The Illusion of Gaia Imperium Incantation Incredible Crash Dummies, The Incredible Hulk, The Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures Inindo: Way of the Ninja Inspector Gadget International Superstar Soccer International Superstar Soccer Deluxe International Tennis Tour Irem Skins Game Itchy & Scratchy Game, The
Acclaim Acclaim Gametek Cybersoft Tradewest Nintendo Koei Koei Acclaim JVC Jaleco Mindscape Atlus Software Atlus Software Konami Capcom THQ Irem Hudson Soft Jaleco Accolade Hi-Tech Natsume US Gold Taito Software Hal America THQ THQ Absolute Sony Imagesoft Hi-Tech US Gold Video System Hal America Jaleco Nintendo Vic Tokai Titus LJN US Gold JVC Koei Hudson Soft Konami Konami Taito Software Irem Acclaim
September 1995 November 1995 April 1996 January 1995 August 1994 August 1991 December 1992 December 1993 September 1992 November 1994 December 1992 December 1992 September 1993 December 1994 August 1991 October 1994 June 1993 November 1992 June 1995 October 1994 June 1994 February 1993 June 1997 September 1995 February 1993 September 1991 December 1991 October 1992 November 1994 October 1992 January 1993 December 1994 June 1994 September 1991 January 1995 September 1994 November 1992 December 1996 October 1993 August 1994 October 1994 March 1993 December 1993 June 1995 November 1995 November 1993 October 1992 March 1995

Izzy's Quest for the Olympic Rings Jack Nicklaus Golf James Bond Jr. Jammit! Jeopardy! Deluxe Edition Jeopardy! Featuring Alex Trebek Jeopardy! Sports Edition Jetsons: The Invasion of the Planet Pirates, The Jim Power: The Lost Dimension in 3-D Jimmy Connors Pro Tennis Tour Jimmy Houston's Bass Tournament USA Joe & Mac 2: Lost in the Tropics Joe & Mac: Caveman Ninjas John Madden Football '93 John Madden's Football Judge Dredd Jungle Book, The Jungle Strike Jurassic Park Jurassic Park 2: The Chaos Continues Justice League Task Force Kablooey Kawasaki Caribbean Challenge Kawasaki Superbike Challenge Ken Griffey Jr. Presents: Major League Baseball Ken Griffey Jr.'s Winning Run Kendo Rage Kid Klown in Crazy Chase Killer Instinct King Arthur & the Knights of Justice King Arthur's World King of Dragons King of the Monsters King of the Monsters II Kirby Super Star Kirby's Avalanche Kirby's Dream Course Kirby's Dream Land 3 Knights of the Round Krusty's Super Fun House Kyle Petty's No Fear Racing Lagoon Lamborghini American Challenge Last Action Hero Lawnmower Man, The Legend Legend of the Mystical Ninja, The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past, The
US Gold Tradewest THQ GTE Majesco Gametek Gametek Taito Software Electro Brain UBI Soft American Sammy Data East Data East EA Sports EA Sports Acclaim Majesco Electronic Arts Majesco Ocean Acclaim Kemco Gametek Time Warner Nintendo Nintendo Seta Kemco Nintendo Enix Jaleco Capcom Takara Takara Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo Capcom Acclaim Midway Seika Titus Sony Imagesoft THQ Seika Konami Nintendo
November 1995 May 1992 October 1992 November 1994 June 1994 December 1992 May 1994 June 1994 December 1993 December 1992 November 1995 April 1994 January 1992 November 1992 November 1991 June 1995 August 1994 June 1995 November 1993 November 1994 June 1995 August 1992 June 1993 December 1995 March 1994 June 1996 October 1993 September 1994 August 1995 July 1995 March 1993 April 1994 October 1992 June 1994 September 1996 February 1995 February 1995 November 1997 April 1994 June 1992 April 1995 December 1991 November 1993 October 1993 November 1993 April 1994 February 1992 April 1992
Lemmings Lemmings 2: The Tribes Lester the Unlikely Lethal Enforcers Lethal Weapon Liberty or Death Lock On Looney Tunes B-Ball! Lord of the Rings: Volume 1 , The Lost Vikings , The Lost Vikings 2, The Lufia & The Fortress of Doom Lufia 2: Rise of the Sinistrals Madden '96 Madden NFL '94 Madden NFL '95 Madden NFL '97 Madden NFL '98 Magic Boy Magic Sword Magical Quest starring Mickey Mouse, The Mario is Missing! Mario Paint Mario's Early Years: Fun with Numbers Mario's Early Years: Fun with Letters Mario's Early Years: Pre-School Mario's Time Machine Mark Davis': The Fishing Master Marvel Super Heroes: War of the Gems Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Mask, The Math Blaster: Episode 1 Maui Mallard in Cold Shadow Mecarobot Golf MechWarrior MechWarrior 3050 Mega Man 7 Mega Man Soccer Mega Man X Mega Man X2 Mega Man X3 Metal Combat: Falcon's Revenge Metal Marines Metal Morph Metal Warriors Michael Andretti's Indy Car Challenge Michael Jordan in Chaos in the Windy City Mickey Mania: The Timeless Adventures of Mickey Mouse

Sunsoft Psygnosis DTMC Konami Ocean Koei Vic Tokai Acclaim Interplay Interplay Interplay Taito Software Natsume EA Sports EA Sports EA Sports Electronic Arts THQ JVC Capcom Capcom Software Toolworks Nintendo Software Toolworks Software Toolworks Mindscape Mindscape Natsume Capcom Sony Imagesoft Black Pearl Software Davidson Assoc. Nintendo Toho Activision Activision Capcom Capcom Majesco Capcom Capcom Nintendo Namco FCI Konami Bullet Proof Software Electronic Arts Sony Imagesoft
March 1992 November 1994 January 1994 January 1994 December 1992 April 1994 October 1993 February 1995 October 1994 April 1993 May 1997 December 1993 August 1996 November 1995 October 1993 November 1994 October 1996 November 1997 August 1996 August 1992 December 1992 June 1993 August 1992 September 1994 October 1994 November 1994 December 1993 April 1996 November 1996 November 1994 October 1995 October 1994 November 1996 September 1993 May 1993 October 1995 September 1995 April 1994 January 1994 January 1995 January 1996 December 1993 December 1993 December 1994 April 1995 September 1994 November 1994 October 1994
Mickey's Ultimate Challenge Micro Machines Might & Magic III: Isles of Terra Mighty Max Mighty Morphin Power Rangers Mighty Morphin Power Rangers - The Movie Mighty Morphin Power Rangers Fighting Edition MLBPA Baseball Mohawk and Headphone Jack Monopoly Mortal Kombat Mortal Kombat II Mortal Kombat III Mountain Bike Rally Mr. Do! Mr. Nutz Ms. Pac Man Musya: The Classic Japanese Tale of Horror Mutant Chronicles: Doomtroopers Natsume Championship Wrestling NBA All-Star Challenge NBA Give 'N Go NBA Hang Time NBA Jam NBA Jam Tournament Edition NBA Live '95 NBA Live '96 NBA Live '97 NBA Live '98 NBA Showdown NCAA Basketball NCAA Final Four Basketball NCAA Football Newman Haas' Indy Car Racing: Featuring Nigel Mansell NFL Football NFL MVP Football NFL Quarterback Club NFL Quarterback Club '96 NHL '94 NHL '95 NHL '96 NHL '97 NHL '98 NHL Stanley Cup NHLPA Hockey '93 Nickelodeon GUTS Nigel Mansell's World Championship Racing Ninja Gaiden Trilogy
Hi-Tech Ocean FCI Ocean Bandai Bandai Bandai EA Sports Black Pearl Software Majesco Acclaim Acclaim Midway Life Fitness Black Pearl Software Ocean Midway Seta Playmates Natsume LJN Konami Midway Acclaim Acclaim EA Sports EA Sports EA Sports THQ EA Sports Nintendo Mindscape Mindscape Acclaim Konami Capcom LJN Acclaim EA Sports EA Sports EA Sports Black Pearl Software THQ Nintendo EA Sports Viacom New Media Gametek Tecmo
February 1994 December 1994 January 1995 February 1995 September 1994 June 1995 September 1995 March 1994 August 1996 September 1992 September 1993 September 1994 October 1995 October 1994 December 1996 August 1994 September 1996 December 1992 November 1995 June 1994 December 1992 November 1995 November 1996 March 1994 February 1995 October 1994 October 1995 December 1996 March 1998 October 1993 October 1992 February 1995 October 1994 November 1994 July 1993 October 1993 December 1994 November 1995 October 1993 November 1994 September 1995 October 1996 December 1997 November 1993 December 1992 November 1994 July 1993 August 1995

Ninja Warriors, The No Escape Nobunaga's Ambition Nobunaga's Ambition: Lord of Darkness Nolan Ryan's Baseball Nosferatu Obitus Ogre Battle Olympic Summer Games On the Ball Operation Europe: Path to Victory Operation Logic Bomb Operation Thunderbolt Oscar Out of This World Out to Lunch Outlander P.T.O.: II P.T.O.: Pacific Theater of Operations Pac-Attack Pac-in-Time Packy and Marlon Pac-Man 2: The New Adventures Pagemaster, The Paladin's Quest Paperboy 2 Peace Keepers, The PGA European Tour PGA Tour '96 PGA Tour Golf Phalanx: The Enforce Fighter A-144 Phantom 2040 Pieces Pilotwings Pinball Dreams Pinball Fantasies Pink Panther in Pink Goes to Hollywood Pinocchio Pirates of Dark Water, The Pitfall: The Mayan Adventure Pit-Fighter Plok Pocky & Rocky Pocky & Rocky 2 Populous Porky Pig's Haunted Holiday Power Instinct Power Moves
Taito Software Sony Imagesoft Koei Koei Romstar Seta Bullet Proof Software Enix Black Pearl Software Taito Software Koei Jaleco Taito Software Titus Interplay Mindscape Mindscape Koei Koei Namco Namco Raya Systems Majesco Fox Interactive Enix Majesco Jaleco Black Pearl Software Black Pearl Software EA Sports Kemco Viacom New Media Atlus Software Nintendo Gametek Gametek TecMagik Nintendo Sunsoft Majesco THQ Tradewest Natsume Natsume Acclaim Acclaim Atlus Software Kaneko
February 1994 November 1994 December 1993 October 1994 February 1992 October 1995 September 1994 May 1995 June 1996 November 1992 June 1994 September 1993 October 1994 October 1996 November 1992 November 1993 April 1993 December 1995 September 1993 October 1993 January 1995 June 1995 September 1994 November 1994 October 1993 November 1991 March 1994 September 1996 January 1996 March 1992 October 1992 June 1995 December 1994 August 1991 April 1994 February 1995 November 1993 November 1996 May 1994 November 1994 March 1992 September 1993 June 1993 November 1994 September 1991 October 1995 December 1994 January 1993
Power Piggs of the Dark Ages Power Rangers Zeo: Battle Racers Prehistorik Man Primal Rage Prince of Persia Prince of Persia 2: The Shadow and the Flame Pro Quarterback Pro Sport Hockey Push-Over Q*Bert 3 Race Drivin' Radical Rex Raiden Trad Rampart Ranma : Hard Battle Rap Jam: Volume One Realm Red Line: F-1 Racer Relief Pitcher Ren & Stimpy Show Part II: Fire Dogs Ren & Stimpy Show: Buckaroo$, The Ren & Stimpy Show: Time Warp, The Ren & Stimpy Show: Veediots!, The Revolution X Rex Ronan: Experimental Surgeon Riddick Bowe Boxing Rise of the Phoenix Rise of the Robots Rival Turf! Road Riot 4WD Road Runner's Death Valley Rally RoboCop 3 RoboCop versus the Terminator Robotrek Rock 'N Roll Racing Rocketeer, The Rocko's Modern Life: Spunky's Dangerous Day Rocky Rodent Roger Clemens' MVP Baseball Romance of the Three Kingdoms II Romance of the Three Kingdoms III: Dragon of Destiny Romance of the Three Kingdoms IV: Wall of Fire RPM Racing R-Type III: The Third Lightning Run Saber S.O.S. S.O.S. Sink or Swim S.W.A.T. Kats: The Radical Squadron

Titus Bandai Titus Time Warner Konami Titus Tradewest Jaleco Ocean NTVIC THQ Activision Electro Brain Electronic Arts DTMC Mandingo Titus Absolute Left Field Ent. THQ THQ THQ THQ Acclaim Raya Systems Extreme Koei Acclaim Jaleco THQ Sunsoft Ocean Virgin Interactive Enix Interplay IGS Viacom New Media Irem LJN Koei Koei Koei Interplay Jaleco Atlus Software Vic Tokai Titus Hudson Soft
May 1996 September 1996 January 1996 August 1995 November 1992 October 1996 December 1992 February 1994 December 1992 October 1992 October 1992 October 1994 April 1992 August 1992 November 1993 January 1995 December 1996 September 1993 May 1994 June 1994 April 1995 November 1994 October 1993 December 1995 May 1994 January 1994 February 1995 December 1994 April 1992 November 1992 November 1992 September 1992 November 1993 October 1994 September 1993 May 1992 April 1994 September 1993 September 1992 May 1992 December 1993 July 1995 November 1991 October 1994 September 1993 April 1994 January 1996 August 1995
Samurai Shodown Saturday Night Slam Masters Scooby Doo SeaQuest: DSV Secret of Evermore Secret of Mana Shadowrun Shanghai II: Dragon's Eye Shaq Fu Shien's Revenge Sid Meier's Civilization Side Pocket SimAnt: The Electronic Ant Colony SimCity SimCity 2000 SimEarth: The Living Planet Simpsons: Bart's Nightmare, The Simpsons: Virtual Bart, The Skljagger: Revolt of the Westicans Skyblazer SmartBall Snow White: Happily Ever After Soldiers of Fortune Sonic Blastman Sonic Blastman 2 Soul Blazer Space Ace Space Football: One on One Space Invaders Space Megaforce Spanky's Quest Sparkster Spawn Spectre Speed Racer: In My Most Dangerous Adventures Speedy Gonzales: Los Gatos Bandidos Spider-Man & Venom: Maximum Carnage Spider-Man & Venom: Separation Anxiety Spider-Man & X-Men: Arcade's Revenge Spider-Man: The Animated Series Spindizzy Worlds Sporting News Baseball, The Sports Illustrated: Championship Football & Baseball Star Fox Star Trek: Deep Space Nine - Crossroads of Time Star Trek: Starfleet Academy (Starship Bridge Simulator) Star Trek: The Next Generation Stargate
Takara Capcom Majesco Malibu Games Square Soft Square Soft Data East Activision Electronic Arts Vic Tokai Koei Data East Maxis Software Nintendo Black Pearl Software FCI Acclaim Acclaim American Softworks Sony Imagesoft Sony Imagesoft American Softworks Spectrum Holobyte Taito Software Taito Software Enix Absolute Triffix Nintendo Toho Natsume Konami Acclaim Cybersoft Accolade Majesco Acclaim Acclaim Majesco Acclaim Ascii Hudson Soft Malibu Games Nintendo Playmates Interplay Spectrum Holobyte Acclaim

November 1994 June 1994 November 1995 January 1995 October 1995 October 1993 May 1993 February 1993 October 1994 October 1994 November 1995 December 1993 October 1993 August 1991 November 1996 February 1993 September 1992 September 1994 October 1992 January 1994 March 1992 October 1994 December 1993 February 1993 November 1994 August 1992 May 1994 June 1992 November 1997 October 1992 July 1992 October 1994 October 1995 May 1994 November 1994 August 1995 September 1994 November 1995 November 1992 February 1995 March 1993 June 1995 February 1994 March 1993 September 1995 December 1994 March 1994 April 1995
Steel Talons Sterling Sharpe: End 2 End Stone Protectors Street Combat Street Fighter Alpha 2 Street Fighter II Turbo: Hyper Fighting Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Street Hockey '95 Street Racer Strike Gunner: S.T.G. Stunt Race FX Sunset Riders Super Adventure Island Super Adventure Island II Super Aquatic Games Starring The Aquabats, The Super Baseball 2020 Super Baseball Simulator 1.000 Super Bases Loaded Super Bases Loaded 2 Super Bases Loaded 3: License to Steal Super Batter Up Super Battleship Super Battletank 2: War in the Gulf Super Battletank: War in the Gulf Super Black Bass Super Bomberman Super Bomberman 2 Super Bonk Super Bowling Super Buster Bros. Super Caesars Palace Super Castlevania IV Super Chase HQ Super Conflict: The Mideast Super Double Dragon Super E.D.F.: Earth Defense Force Super Empire Strikes Back Super Ghouls 'N Ghosts Super Goal! Two Super Godzilla Super High Impact Super James Pond Super Mario All-Stars Super Mario Kart Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars Super Mario World Super Metroid Super Ninja Boy
Left Field Ent. Jaleco Kemco Irem Nintendo Capcom Majesco GTE UBI Soft NTVIC Nintendo Konami Hudson Soft Hudson Soft Seika Tradewest Culture Brain Jaleco Jaleco Jaleco Namco Majesco Absolute Absolute Majesco Hudson Soft Nintendo Hudson Soft American Technos Capcom Majesco Konami Taito Software Vic Tokai Tradewest Jaleco Majesco Capcom Jaleco Toho Acclaim American Softworks Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo Culture Brain
November 1993 March 1995 November 1994 April 1993 November 1996 August 1993 July 1992 November 1994 December 1994 August 1992 July 1994 October 1993 April 1992 October 1994 October 1993 July 1993 December 1991 September 1991 February 1994 February 1995 October 1992 November 1993 January 1994 June 1992 May 1993 September 1993 September 1994 November 1994 September 1992 October 1992 October 1993 December 1991 December 1993 March 1993 October 1992 January 1992 October 1993 November 1991 April 1994 July 1994 June 1993 July 1993 August 1993 September 1992 May 1996 August 1991 April 1994 April 1993

Super Nova Super Off Road Super Off Road: The Baja Super Pinball: Behind the Mask Super Play Action Football Super Punch-Out!! Super Putty Super RBI Baseball Super Return of the Jedi Super R-Type Super Slam Dunk Super Slap Shot Super Smash T.V. Super Soccer Super Soccer Champ Super Solitaire Super Star Wars Super Street Fighter II: The New Challengers Super Strike Eagle Super Tennis Super Troll Islands Super Turrican Super Turrican 2 Super Valis IV Super Widget Suzuka 8 Hours Syndicate, The T2: The Arcade Game Taz-Mania Tecmo Secret of the Stars Tecmo Super Baseball Tecmo Super Bowl Tecmo Super Bowl II: Special Edition Tecmo Super Bowl III: The Final Edition Tecmo Super NBA Basketball Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles IV: Turtles in Time Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Tournament Fighters Terminator 2: Judgment Day Terminator, The Tetris & Dr. Mario Tetris 2 Tetris Attack Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends Three Ninjas Kick Back Thunder Spirits Tick, The Time Cop Time Slip
Taito Software Tradewest Tradewest Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo US Gold Time Warner Majesco Irem Virgin Interactive Virgin Interactive Acclaim Nintendo Taito Software Extreme Nintendo Capcom Microprose Nintendo American Softworks Seika Ocean Atlus Software Atlus Software Namco Ocean Majesco Majesco Tecmo Tecmo Tecmo Tecmo Tecmo Tecmo Konami Konami LJN Mindscape Nintendo Nintendo Nintendo THQ Sony Imagesoft Seika Fox Interactive JVC Vic Tokai
December 1993 December 1991 September 1993 November 1994 August 1992 October 1994 November 1993 June 1995 October 1994 September 1991 July 1993 August 1993 February 1992 May 1992 June 1992 January 1994 November 1992 June 1994 March 1993 November 1991 February 1994 May 1993 November 1995 February 1993 September 1993 May 1994 December 1995 February 1994 May 1993 July 1995 September 1994 November 1993 January 1995 October 1995 March 1993 August 1992 December 1993 November 1993 April 1993 December 1994 August 1994 August 1996 September 1993 November 1994 June 1992 December 1994 April 1995 November 1993

Time Trax Timon & Pumbaa Tin Star Tiny Toon Adventures: Buster Busts Loose! Tiny Toon Adventures: Wacky Sports Challenge TKO Super Championship Boxing TNN Bass Tournament of Champions Tom and Jerry Tommy Moe's Winter Extreme: Skiing & Snowboarding Tony Meola's Sidekick Soccer Top Gear Top Gear 3000 Top Gear II Total Carnage Toy Story Toys: Let the Toy Wars begin! Troddlers Troy Aikman NFL Football True Golf Classics: Pebble Beach Golf Links True Golf Classics: Waialae Country Club True Golf: Wicked 18 True Lies Tuff E Nuff Turn and Burn: No-Fly Zone Twisted Tales of Spike McFang, The U.N. Squadron Ultima VII: The Black Gate Ultima: Runes of Virtue II Ultima: The False Prophet Ultimate Fighter Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 Ultraman: Towards the Future Uncharted Waters Uncharted Waters: New Horizons Uniracers Untouchables, The Urban Strike Utopia: The Creation of a Nation Vegas Stakes Vortex Wanderers From Ys III War 2410 War 3010: The Revolution Wario's Woods Warlock Warp Speed Wayne Gretzky and the NHLPA All-Stars Wayne's World
THQ THQ Nintendo Konami Konami Sofel American Softworks Hi-Tech Electro Brain Electro Brain Majesco Kemco Kemco Malibu Games Nintendo Absolute Seika Tradewest T & E Soft T & E Soft Bullet Proof Software LJN Jaleco Absolute Bullet Proof Software Capcom FCI FCI FCI Culture Brain Midway Bandai Koei Koei Nintendo Ocean Black Pearl Software Jaleco Nintendo Electro Brain American Sammy Advanced Productions Advanced Productions Nintendo LJN Accolade Time Warner THQ
April 1994 November 1997 November 1994 February 1993 December 1994 October 1992 November 1994 April 1993 June 1994 November 1993 April 1992 February 1995 September 1993 November 1993 December 1995 April 1993 October 1993 August 1994 April 1992 November 1991 October 1993 February 1995 September 1993 February 1994 June 1994 September 1991 November 1994 November 1994 April 1994 June 1994 October 1996 October 1991 January 1993 October 1994 December 1994 August 1994 November 1995 September 1993 May 1993 September 1994 January 1992 December 1995 October 1996 December 1994 March 1995 December 1992 December 1995 April 1993
WCW: Super Brawl Wrestling WeaponLord We're Back!: A Dinosaur's Story Wheel of Fortune Deluxe! Wheel of Fortune: Featuring Vanna White Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego? Where in Time is Carmen Sandiego? Whizz Wild C.A.T.S Wild Guns Wild Snake Williams Arcade's Greatest Hits Wing Commander Wing Commander: The Secret Missions Wings 2: Aces High Winter Olympic Games: Lillehammer '94 Wizard of Oz, The Wizardry V: Heart of the Maelstrom Wolf Child Wolfenstein 3-D Wolverine: Adamantium Rage Wordtris World Cup USA '94 World Heroes World Heroes 2 World League Soccer World Soccer '94: Road to Glory WWF Raw WWF Royal Rumble WWF Super Wrestlemania WWF Wrestlemania: The Arcade Xardion X-Kaliber 2097 X-Men: Mutant Apocalypse X-Zone Yoshi's Cookie Yoshi's Island: Super Mario World 2 Yoshi's Safari Young Merlin Zero: The Kamikaze Squirrel Zombies Ate My Neighbors Zool: Ninja of the "Nth" Dimension Zoop

FCI Namco Hi-Tech Majesco Gametek Hi-Tech Hi-Tech Titus Playmates Natsume Spectrum Holobyte Midway Mindscape Mindscape Namco US Gold Seta Capcom Virgin Interactive Imagineer LJN Spectrum Holobyte US Gold Sunsoft Takara Mindscape Atlus Software LJN LJN LJN Majesco Asmik Activision Majesco Kemco Bullet Proof Software Nintendo Nintendo Virgin Interactive Sunsoft Konami Gametek Majesco
November 1994 September 1995 November 1993 April 1994 September 1992 June 1993 May 1993 November 1996 November 1995 July 1995 September 1994 October 1996 November 1992 September 1993 October 1992 February 1994 October 1993 April 1994 June 1993 March 1994 November 1994 November 1992 June 1994 September 1993 September 1994 April 1992 December 1993 November 1994 June 1993 March 1992 November 1995 April 1992 February 1994 November 1994 November 1992 June 1993 October 1995 September 1993 March 1994 November 1994 September 1993 January 1994 January 2000

Case History: Historical Perspective on The Legend of Zelda

By Sean Sylvis

Professor Lowood STS 145: History of Computer Game Design
Introduction The Legend of Zelda, arguably the most popular series of adventure games for any gaming system, includes eight games on four consoles (three on the Game Boy (Color)) and spans a period of 15 years, with another installment going to be released for Nintendos next console, the Gamecube. My focus in this paper, a historical perspective on the development of the Legend of Zelda series, will focus on three of those games, The Legend of Zelda for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), A Link to the Past for the Super NES (SNES), and Ocarina of Time for the Nintendo 64 (N64). Nearly every game in the Legend of Zelda series has some elements that qualifies it as a Legend of Zelda game: the hero is a young elf-boy named Link who is trying to save his princess Zelda from the clutches of the evil villain, Ganon, who Link must vanquish to finish the game. In order to defeat Ganon, Link has to collect several pieces of the Triforce, which are scattered throughout Hyrule, the virtual world of the Zelda games. There are a few exceptions to these rules, such as Majoras Mask for the Nintendo 64, but the game play always follows a couple of rules. You can expect the environment to be expansive and immersive, taking many days to explore for the latest Zelda game. There will also be many sub-adventures, or mini-quests, in addition to the primary task of rescuing Zelda, which must be completed before confronting Ganon. The game will be difficult to finish, but not impossible, with many mental puzzles that must be solved in order to progress through the game. And of course, the graphics and sound will be impressive in all respects.
The mastermind behind each of the games in the series, as well as the creator of the Mario, Donkey Kong, and Starfox games, is Nintendos famous game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. Ironically, the president of Nintendo, Hiroshi Yamauchi, first hired Miyamoto, an artist at that time, as a favor to a friend. Miyamoto in turn designed the arcade game Donkey Kong, which was a runaway hit in the United States, with demand reaching incredible proportions. Thus, the game design career of Miyamoto was born. As the arcade boom declined, Nintendo saw the potential for a kind of home entertainment system and designed the Family Computer (Famicom) for the Japanese market. At the same time, Miyamoto was finishing the development of a game, Super Mario Bros., that would directly influence the design of the first Legend of Zelda game and would be hugely popular when the Famicom was released in the U.S. (redesigned and renamed the NES). After the success of Super Mario Bros., Shigeru modified and improved upon its game concept and created the Legend of Zelda, which would become hugely popular and introduce Americas children to the adventures of Link. Since then, Miyamoto has created all of the Zelda, Mario, and Donkey Kong games and, as general manager of Nintendos Entertainment Analysis and Development Department, he has had input on many other Nintendo games. David Scheff writes, Its impossible to calculate Miyamotos value to Nintendo, and its not unreasonable to question whether Nintendo would have succeeded without him, [SCH]. With such an impressive list of past releases and several more upcoming titles, including the next game in the Zelda series, it is no wonder that Miyamoto is considered by many in the industry to be the greatest game designer in the world.

History of the Legend of Zelda At the height of the NESs popularity in the late 1980s, Nintendo had nearly 90% of the market share, and in 1992 the company profited more than all the American movie studios combined and the three television networks combined, [SCH]. The Legend of Zelda series has always had a bright spot in the history of Nintendo, each game in the series often being released with enormous anticipation and thereafter being hailed as the best game yet released. While much of this is media hyperbole, most of the praise is well-founded and a great deal of Nintendos success and popularity is due to series such as the Legend of Zelda that are developed only for the Nintendo console and have a gigantic, worldwide fan base. One of the oldest companies in the entertainment business, Nintendo has been in existence since around 1889, where it began by making and selling Japanese-style Hanafuda playing cards (and has stayed in the family since then the current president is the great-grandson of the founder). Incidentally, the Japanese symbols for the word Nintendo roughly translate in English to leave luck to heaven. It was not until the late 1970s that Nintendo become involved in the video game industry, first creating several arcade games (the most famous of course was Donkey Kong), then releasing the NES in the United States in 1985. A year later in 1986, Miyamoto finished the first game in the Zelda series and Nintendo released Legend of Zelda, which would become the first Nintendo game to sell one million copies (besides Super Mario Bros., which was packaged with the NES). It was during this period that Nintendo reached the height of its popularity, defining a new video game market from the days of Atari, but one that
was controlled by Nintendo. Part of Nintendos domination of the market is due to the key-chip that Nintendo built into the console. This chip, patented by Nintendo, disabled the console unless a complementary chip was present in the game cartridge. Thus, publishers were required to get a license from Nintendo, allowing them to engineer the chip, in order to publish games for the NES. Because Nintendo was so popular, publishers would get a license from Nintendo on the condition that they did not publish games for other companies. In this way, Nintendo was able to maintain market domination, despite Sega having released a slightly better system during the same period. However, with their success, Nintendo became complacent and did nothing to further their stance in the video game market, content to continue producing games for the 8-bit console while it was popular. Sega meanwhile developed and released a 16-bit system, the Genesis, in 1989, to try to get some of the market share back from Nintendo. The Genesis did very well, but still could not compete with the sales of the 8-bit NES and handheld Game Boy, which was released the same year. For example, Super Mario Bros. 3 was released that year, selling seven million copies by the end of 1990 and another four million in Japan, going on to become the greatest-selling video game in U.S. history. In 1989, Super Mario Bros. grossed over $500 million just in America. In the field of entertainment, only the movie E.T. has made more revenue, [HART]. However, realizing they were losing some of their market share to Sega, Nintendo decided to begin work on a 16-bit system and released the Super NES two years later in 1991. Unfortunately for Zelda fans, it was not until April 1992, that A Link to the Past was released, the first Zelda game for the SNES and the third game in the series (The

Adventures of Link was released in 1989 for the NES). A Link to the Past utilized the new 16-bit processor to produce the largest Zelda world to date, encompassing two different worlds (Hyrule and Dark World) and a memorable cast of characters (Zora and Agahnim), which is why it remains a favorite in the Zelda series for many fans. It was around this time that Sega discovered that the Super Nintendos processor was nearly twice as slow as the Genesis and thus Sonic the Hedgehog was born, the antithesis to Mario and family-oriented characters of Nintendo. Sonic the Hedgehog was basically designed to highlight the differences between the processing speeds between the systems. Suddenly, Nintendo was no longer the only system kids were playing and a fierce competition began between Sega and Nintendo for the rights to the market. Sometime thereafter Sega released the Sega CD, a console add-on that used CDROMs instead of game cartridges, so Nintendo began looking into CD-ROM technologies with electronics giant Sony. The console developed in secret by the two companies was tentatively called the Playstation, but soon thereafter Nintendo cancelled the partnership after Sega CD sales proved to be unsuccessful. Ironically, this turned out to be a huge mistake however as Sony redesigned the console and released the Playstation in 1995, eventually overtaking Nintendo in sales and gaining the title of most popular console in North American, Europe, and Japan. Ever since the release of the Playstation, Nintendo has been trying to regain the popularity and market share they once held in the 1980s, but have been unable due to the competition from Sony, Sega (who seems to have finally gone under), and now Microsoft. In 1996, the Nintendo 64 system was launched in the U.S., one of the most successful console launches in the industry (topped by the Sega Dreamcast a few years later), outselling the Playstation by
a small margin. The N64 console possessed an impressive list of features, but the most stunning were the innovative controllers designed by Nintendo. The new controllers kept the control pad and button configuration from the SNESs controllers, but completely redesigned the ergonomics and introduced the c- and z-buttons. The controller now had three prongs, one in the middle and on each end, that one could grip instead of having to hold the edges of the controller. Soon after the release of the N64, the most highly anticipated and talked about game in the Zelda series (which will most likely be eclipsed by the release of the Zelda game for the Gamecube) was released in 1997, Ocarina of Time. This game has been heralded as one of the best games ever by members of the industry and, in my opinion, meets and exceeds every expectation one would have for the best game ever.

Historical Analysis In order for the creation of the Legend of Zelda, the first game in the series, two breakthroughs, technological and conceptual, were needed, which is why the game is considered revolutionary by many. Prior to the year Legend of Zelda was released, games only had the ability to scroll in one direction due to the limitations imposed by the technology of the game chip. However, the Legend of Zelda was designed with a new chip, the MMC11, that allowed screen elements to scroll vertically or horizontally at the same time. Thus, a whole new dimension was added to games, offering worlds that could be explored in any direction (in 2-dimensions). This was a necessary innovation
Metroid, released the same year as Zelda, is credited as being the first video game to use the MMC1 chip. [NIN]
for the type of game Miyamoto envisioned: one in which players could spend days exploring a virtual environment. Both Mario and Zelda are based on the same concept of making a miniature garden, which the players can explore rather freely, says Miyamoto, They have to become creative and independent they need to think about what they should do next, [TECH]. In addition, the MMC1 was the first chip to provide on-board memory, which could be used to save the progress of a game. No longer was playing a game a one-shot experience. Now, the progress of a game could be saved and picked up again at any time, giving the game a feel of continuity between playing sessions. With the introduction of the MMC1 chip, game designers were not restricted any longer in the kind of games they could design. In addition to changing the technology of future games, the Legend of Zelda built upon the conceptual shift in game play that Super Mario Bros. had introduced. Before the release of Super Mario Bros., video games were still designed under the arcade model of gaming: accumulate as many points as possible, getting your name on the high score list, with a limited number of lives. Before the release of the MMC1 chip, when continuity in games was not possible, nearly all of the games produced for the home console market were arcade translations. This design concept made sense in the socialcentered arcade community, but not in the home market where the player, now experiencing the game alone, has an unlimited amount of playing time. The release of Legend of Zelda, and the chip that made it possible, caused a shift in the design philosophy of many home video game companies, from arcade-centered games such as Donkey Kong to continuity-based games such as Legend of Zelda. Designers, realizing the potential of on-board memory, could now develop games with a broader
storyline and that provided playing stimulus over a period of weeks instead of hours. In this way, Legend of Zelda greatly influenced the way games in the home market were designed. Indeed, the birth of strategic and fantasy role-playing games is often credited to Miyamoto and the Zeldas design team. In 1991, the 16-bit SNES was released in the U.S., followed by the release of the muchanticipated A Link to the Past a year later. Unlike the first game in the series, which revolutionized the video game market, A Link to the Past took the successful game play and design foundation of Legend of Zelda, and created a much improved environment and cast of supporting characters. We tried to make it as easy as possible for the player to move Link, reveals Miyamoto, When it comes to developing characters, we think of the new game systems first, and their increased capabilities and then later think about the characters, to use the advanced ideas in the new systems, [TECH]. Taking advantage of the 16-bit processor, A Link to the Past boasted a larger world, more difficult and complex dungeons, and more numerous and expanded quests. This latest Zelda game provided the player with a more interactive environment than previous Zelda games. Dungeon puzzles required more interaction from the player, such as shooting raising or lower the water lever in a maze, and Link could now speak to villagers, many of whom offer clues as to how to solve these same game puzzles. However, there were no major innovations in A Link to the Past, which was simply an improved version of the first game in the series. Nintendo would wait until the next game in the series to revolutionize the market again.

It is interesting to note that slightly before the time when A Link to the Past was released, Sega had exposed the processor speed discrepancy between the Genesis and SNES and created Sonic the Hedgehog to highlight the fact. This development caused a backlash against Nintendo in the younger age group, who found the attitude of Sonic more appealing to Mario. The generation of kids who first became hooked on Nintendo in their youth were growing up and, as is typical of adolescent youth, developing rebellious attitudes towards authority and society. Rebellious youths could more easily relate their own feelings of rebellion with the type of attitude Sonic was designed with. Thus, part of the reason Nintendo lost part of its market share to Sega is simply due to a percentage of their fan base growing up and developing defiant attitudes on society. Interestingly enough, it seems that A Link to the Past was largely unaffected by this shift in cultural attitude because all age groups seemed to rate it well and it enjoyed fantastic sales upon its release. The most hotly anticipated game in the Zelda series to date has been Ocarina of Time, released in 1997 for the N64, selling nearly 2.5 million copies in a month and a half. Not only was Ocarina the largest Zelda game yet, requiring a minimum of nearly 70 hours to complete, but it revolutionized nearly all aspects of the traditional Zelda games and indeed most games on the market. The world created for Ocarina is truly amazing, with everything in the environment fully rendered and life-like, giving the game a very realistic feel. The power of the N64 processor is certainly evident in this game, as nearly everything in the world reacts to the players actions. I think Zelda 64 is utilizing about 90 percent of the N64 potential, says Miyamoto. When we made Mario 64 we were simply utilizing 60 to 70 percent, [BAX]. In addition, the sound effects of Ocarina are
astonishing, with environmental effects throughout birds chirping, water running and wonderful background music for the different areas of the game. Ocarina also utilized the N64 controllers to their fullest, using the c-buttons for item selection and the z-button for targeting, an innovation the play control is centered upon and one of the most important of the game without intuitive player control, most players would get frustrated and give up without experiencing the rest of the game. Every aspect of the game graphics, sound, and play control act to further immerse the player into the environment Miyamoto has created and the effect is truly remarkable. Throughout the Zelda series Ive tried to make players feel like they are in a kind of miniature garden. So, this time also, my challenge was how to make people feel comfortable and sometimes very scared at the same time. [BAX]. With this game, Miyamotos vision of a miniature garden is realized.

Conclusion It would be tough to find another series of games that has found more success, or had more influence on the industry, than the Legend of Zelda series produced by Nintendo. And it would be difficult to imagine Nintendo without the Legend of Zelda. The games offer an unparalleled blend of graphics and sound with character development and storyline, resulting in an amazing, immersive gaming experience. Based on the history of the series so far, one almost expects a Zelda game to be ground-breaking in some way and, from current reports, it seems that the next game in the series will not disappoint.
Sources [BAX]. Baxter, Steve. Zelda: A Tale of Two Video Game Legends. Article at: http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9812/04/nintendo.zelda/ [HART]. Hart, Sam. A Brief History of Home Video Games. Article at: http://www.geekcomix.com/vgh/ [NIN]. Nintendoland.com. Review: Metroid. Article at: http://www.nintendoland.com/home2.htm?reviews/nes/metroid.htm. [SCH]. Scheff, David. Game Over: Press Start to Continue. [TECH]. TechTV.com. The History of the Legend of Zelda. http://www.techtv.com/extendedplay/videofeatures/story/0,23008,3013160,00.ht ml. Horwitz, Jer and Miller, Skyler. The History of Nintendo. Article at: http://www.videogames.com/features/universal/hist_nintendo/. Muldoon, Moira. The Father of Mario and Zelda. Article at: http://www.salon.com/21st/feature/1998/12/02feature.html. Nielson, Martin. Nintendo Entertainment System FAQ. Article at: http://www.djbsports.com/faq/nes_faq.html.