GNS 430(A) Pilots Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Accessories and Packing List
Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount IFR navigation/communication system available. The GNS 430 represents Garmins commitment to provide accurate, easy-to-use avionics. Before installing and getting started with the GNS 430, please check to see that the package includes the following items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please contact a Garmin dealer immediately.
The Garmin dealer installs and configures the GNS 430. The GNS 430 is secured in the installation rack with the proper wiring connections. A Garmin dealer can answer questions about the installation, such as location of antennas or any connections to other equipment in the panel. After installation, the NavData Card and the Terrain Data Card (if applicable) are installed into the correct slot on the front of the unit (Appendix A).
NOTE: Help Garmin provide better support by completing on-line registration. Registration ensures notification of product updates, new products, and provides for lost or stolen unit tracking. Have the serial number of the GNS 430 available and connect to the website (www. garmin.com). Look for the product registration link on the home page.

Standard Package:

GNS 430 Unit NavData Card Terrain Data Card Installation Rack Connectors GPS Antenna Pilots Guide Quick Reference Guide Database Subscription Packet Warranty Registration Card GNS 430 Simulator CD-ROM
1.2 Key and Knob Functions
The GNS 430 is designed to make operation as simple as possible. The key and knob descriptions (Figure 1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s) for each key and knob. The takeoff tour (Section 1.3) is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary functions of the GNS 430.
Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference sections for more information. Data is entered using the large and small knobs. Experiment with them to become efficient at entering data. This greatly reduces the amount of time spent operating the GNS 430 in flight.

Figure 1-23 Approach Window
For departures and arrivals, a window appears to select the desired transition. Turn the small right knob to select the desired option and press the ENT Key.
In the flight plan or direct-to, the departure or arrival airport is replaced with the sequence of waypoints contained within the selected procedure.
To display the NRST pages: 1) If necessary, press and hold the CLR Key to select the NAV group and display the Default NAV Page. Turn the large right knob to select the NRST Page Group, as indicated by NRST appearing in the lower right corner of the screen. Turn the small right knob to select the desired NRST Page. Turn the large right knob to select the NRST Page Group and (if needed) the small right knob to select the Nearest Airport Page (Figure 1-24). To view additional information for a nearby airport: 1) 2) 3) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Turn the large right knob to select the desired airport from the list. Press the ENT Key to display waypoint (WPT) information pages for the selected airport (Figure 1-26).
To display a list of nearby airports: 1)
Figure 1-26 Airport Location Page
Figure 1-24 Nearest Airport Page
To display runway and frequency information, press the small right knob to remove the cursor and turn the small right knob to display the desired information page.
To scroll through the list, press the small right knob, then turn the large right knob (Figure 1-25)
The Nearest Airport Page may be used in conjunction with the Direct-to Key to quickly set a course to a nearby facility in an in-flight emergency. Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to destination overrides the flight plan or cancels a previously selected direct-to destination. The pilot still has the option of returning to the flight plan by cancelling the direct-to; see Section 4.1, Cancelling Direct-to Navigation.
Figure 1-25 Scrolling the Nearest Airport List
To select a nearby airport as a direct-to destination from the Nearest Airport Page: 1) 2) 3) From the Nearest Airport Page, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Turn the large right knob to select the desired airport from the list. Press the Direct-to Key, the ENT Key twice to navigate to the nearby airport.
Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page
The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace Page (Figure 1-28), provides information for up to nine controlled or special-use airspaces near or in the flight path. Airspace information appears on this page based on the same criteria used for airspace alert messages: If the projected course will take the aircraft inside an airspace within the next ten minutes, the message Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes appears. If the aircraft is within 2 nm of an airspace and the current course will take it inside of the airspace, the message Airspace near and ahead appears. If the aircraft is within 2 nm of an airspace and the current course will not take it inside of the airspace, the message Near airspace less than 2nm appears. If the aircraft has entered an airspace, the message Inside airspace appears.

Departure, Enroute, or Arrival Airport Assigned Frequency and Usage Information (when applicable)
To select a frequency list for a departure, enroute or arrival airport: 1) 2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Turn the large right knob to place the cursor on the airport identifier field (top line on the NAV/COM Page, see Figure 3-33). Turn the small right knob to select the desired airport (Figure 3-35) and press the ENT Key.
Position of Current Page within Current Page Group Frequency Type Current Page Number of Pages in Current Page Group Group Figure 3-34 NAV/COM Page
Figure 3-35 Airport Window
To scroll through the list of frequencies: 1) 2) Activate the cursor, if not already active, by pressing the small right knob. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor through the list of frequencies. If there are more frequencies in the list than can be displayed on the screen, a scroll bar along the right-hand side of the screen (Figure 3-36) indicates which part of the list is currently being displayed. If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, the frequency is preceded by an Info? designation. To view usage restrictions for a frequency: 1) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor on the Info? designation directly in front of the desired frequency (Figure 3-37).
Figure 3-37 Info Highlighted

Figure 3-36 Scroll Bar

Press the ENT Key to display the restriction information (Figure 3-38).
To place a frequency in the standby field of the COM or VLOC Window, highlight the desired frequency and press the ENT Key.
Some listed frequencies may include designations for limited usage, as follows: TX - Transmit only RX - Receive only PT - Part time frequency 3)
Figure 3-38 Restriction Information Page
To return to the NAV/COM Page, press the ENT Key.

3.7 Position Page

The Position Page displays the present position (by default, in latitude and longitude) and altitude. The Position Page (Figure 3-39) also displays the current track, ground speed, time, and a reference waypoint field. These fields are user-selectable to configure the page to the pilots own preferences and current navigation needs.
Graphic Track Indicator Present Position User-selectable Data Fields
NOTE: Do not rely solely on MSA as an absolute measure of safe altitude. Consult current area charts and NOTAMs.
To change the user-selectable data fields: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Position Page Menu (Figure 3-40).

To activate a flight plan along a specific leg: 1) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor and turn the large right knob to highlight the desired destination waypoint. Press the MENU Key, and select the Activate Leg? option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-23) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-21 Active Flight Plan Page Menu
Turn the large right knob to highlight the field to be changed. Turn the small right knob to select the desired data item (Figure 5-22) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-23 Active Flight Plan Page Menu
A confirmation window appears. With Activate? highlighted, press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-22 Select Field Type Window
To select an approach for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) Choose the Select Approach? option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-24) and press the ENT Key. 3) A second window appears listing available transitions (Figure 5-26) for the approach. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key. The Vectors option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the final course segment of the approach and will provide navigation guidance to intercept this final course.
Figure 5-24 Active Flight Plan Page Menu
A window appears listing the available approaches (Figure 5-25) for the destination airport. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired approach and press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-26 Transitions Window
Turn the large right knob to highlight Load? or Activate? and press the ENT Key. Load? adds the approach to the flight plan without immediately using the approach for navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to continue navigating the original flight plan until cleared for the approach but keeps the approach available for quick activation when needed. For precision approaches, a reminder window appears indicating that GPS guidance on such approaches is strictly for monitoring only. To confirm this reminder, highlight Yes? and press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-25 Approach Window
To select an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) Select the Select Arrival? option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-27) and press the ENT Key. 3) A second window appears listing available transitions (Figure 5-29) for the arrival. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key.

The GNS 430 allows the pilot to fly non-precision and precision approaches to airports with published instrument approach procedures. All available approaches are stored on the Jeppesen NavData Card, and are automatically updated when the new card is inserted into the GNS 430. Subscription information for NavData cards is included in the GNS 430 package. The Procedures Page (Figure 6-1) is displayed by pressing the PROC Key. The Procedures Page provides direct access to approaches, departures, and arrivals, based upon the active flight plan or direct-to destination. In either case, the departure and destination airports must have published procedures associated with them. To select an approach, departure, or arrival: 1) 2) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures Page. Turn the large right knob to highlight Select Approach?, Select Departure?, or Select Arrival? (Figure 6-1) and press the ENT Key.
A window appears listing the available procedures (Figure 6-2). Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired procedure and press the ENT Key. (When a direct-to destination is selected, departures are offered for the nearest airport.)
Figure 6-2 Approach Window
A second window appears listing the available transitions (Figure 6-3). Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key. The approach Vectors option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the final course segment of the approach and will provide navigation guidance relative to the final approach course.
Figure 6-3 Transitions Window Figure 6-1 Procedures Page
5) Turn the large right knob to highlight Load? or Activate? (approaches only) and press the ENT Key. (Load? adds the procedure to the flight plan without immediately using it for navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to continue navigating the original flight plan, but keeps the procedure available on the Active Flight Plan Page for quick activation when needed.) For precision approaches and some nonprecision approaches, a reminder window appears indicating that GPS guidance on such approaches is strictly for monitoring only; use the VLOC receivers and external CDI (or HSI) for primary navigation. To confirm this reminder, highlight Yes? and press the ENT Key. Once an approach is selected, it may be activated for navigation from the Procedures Page. Activating the approach overrides the enroute portion of the active flight plan, proceeding directly to the approach portion (for a full approach, directly to the initial approach fix). Activating the approach also initiates automatic CDI scaling transition as the approach progresses. To activate an approach: 1) 2) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures Page (Figure 6-5). Turn the large right knob to highlight Activate Approach? (Figure 6-5) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 7-29 Runway Window
Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the transitions (TRANS) field. Turn the small right knob to display a window of available transitions. Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired transition. Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing cursor, press the small right knob.
Airport Departure Page Options
The following option is available for the Airport Departure Page, by pressing the MENU Key: Load into Active FPL? allows the pilot to load the selected departure into the active flight plan. This is identical to loading a departure procedure from the Procedures Page, as described in Section 6.1. To load a departure procedure from the Airport Departure Page: 1) 2) 3) Select the desired departure, runway, and transition using the steps above. Press the MENU Key to display the Airport Departure Page Menu. Press the ENT Key to select the Load into Active FPL? option (Figure 7-30).

7.8 Intersection Page

The Intersection Page (Figure 7-31) displays the latitude, longitude, region, and country for the selected intersection. The Intersection Page also displays the identifier, radial, and distance from the nearest VOR, VORTAC, or VOR/DME.
Latitude/Longitude Intersection Identifier Region/ Position Country and Symbol Nearest VOR and Symbol
Radial and Distance from Nearest VOR Position of Current Page within Current Page Group Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group Figure 7-31 Intersection Page
The following descriptions and abbreviations are used: Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS
Figure 7-30 Airport Departure Page Menu
The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press the FPL Key to return to the Airport Departure Page.
RAD - Radial from nearest VOR in degrees magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit configuration) DIS - Distance from nearest VOR, in nautical miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending upon unit configuration)
NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection.

Figure 7-34 VOR Identifier Field Selected
Figure 7-36 Activate the Standby Frequency

7.11 User Waypoint Page

In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB, and intersection information contained in the Jeppesen NavData Card, the GNS 430 allows the pilot to store up to 1,000 userdefined waypoints. The User Waypoint Page (Figure 7-37) displays the waypoint name (up to five characters long), identifier, radial from two reference waypoints, and distance from one reference waypoint, along with the user waypoints latitude/longitude position.
Latitude/Longitude Position User Waypoint Reference Waypoint Information Name

Creating User Waypoints

User waypoints may be created from the User Waypoint Page or the Map Page. To create a new user waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position, or reference another waypoint by radial and distance. To create a new user waypoint by entering its latitude/longitude position: 1) 2) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Use the small and large right knobs to enter a name for the new waypoint (Figure 7-38) and press the ENT Key. The present position appears in the position field at the bottom of the page (Figure 7-39). To create a waypoint at the present position, turn the large right knob to highlight Create? and skip to step 6.
Create/Modify Action Field Position of Current Page within Current Page Group Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group
Figure 7-37 User Waypoint Page
The following descriptions and abbreviations appear on the User Waypoint Page: REF WPT - Reference waypoint identifier (name) RAD - Radial from reference waypoint, in degrees magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit configuration) DIS - Distance from reference waypoint, in nautical miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending upon unit configuration) Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS User waypoints may only be selected by name (identifier), as described in Section 7.1.
Figure 7-38 User Waypoint Name Field Selected
Figure 7-39 Waypoint Name Field Highlighted
3) 4) Turn the large right knob to highlight the position field at the bottom of the page. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the position coordinates for the new waypoint (Figure 7-40). To create a new user waypoint by referencing an existing waypoint: 1) 2) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Use the small and large right knobs to enter a name for the new waypoint and press the ENT Key. Turn the large right knob to highlight the first reference waypoint (REF WPT) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the reference waypoint. The reference waypoint can be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or another user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected identifier. The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) field (Figure 7-41). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the radial from the reference waypoint to the new user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected radial.

Figure 7-40 Present Position Field Selected
Press the ENT Key to accept the selected position. The cursor moves to Create?. Press the ENT Key to add the new waypoint to memory. Press the small right knob to remove the flashing cursor.
Figure 7-41 Radial Field Highlighted
The cursor moves to the distance (DIS) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the distance from the reference waypoint to the new user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to accept the selected distance.
7) Turn the large right knob to highlight Create? (Figure 7-42) and press the ENT Key.
Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page
The Map Page and panning target pointer (Section 3.4, Map Panning) provide a quick means of saving the present position as a user-defined waypoint. To capture and save the present position as a user waypoint: 1) With the Map Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the panning function. The target pointer appears at the present position (Figure 7-43).
Figure 7-42 Create? Highlighted
Press the small right knob to remove the flashing cursor.
NOTE: The GNS 430 allows the pilot to create a new user waypoint at a defined radial and distance from the present position. To reference the present position, follow the preceding steps, but press the CLR Key in Step 4. P.POS appears in the reference waypoint (REF WPT) field to indicate that radial and distance information references the present position. The second reference waypoint field (REF WPT) is a temporary reference only, not a reference that is stored with the user waypoint. By default, this field displays a radial from the nearest VOR. However, the pilot can select any waypoint by identifier to use as a reference in this field. The GNS 430 can store user-defined waypoints which are generated from other equipment in the panel. For example, an EFIS equipped with joystick inputs can be used to create user waypoints which (if the installation supports this) automatically transfer to the GNS 430.
Figure 7-43 Activate Panning Function
2) Press the ENT Key to capture the position and display the User Waypoint Page (Figure 7-44).

Modifying User Waypoints

To modify an existing waypoint, select that waypoint on the User Waypoint Page and enter the new position information directly over the old information. To modify a user waypoint by changing its latitude/longitude position: 1) 2) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the name of the desired waypoint and press the ENT Key. Turn the large right knob to highlight the position field at the bottom of the page. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the new position coordinates (Figure 7-45) and press the ENT Key to accept the selected position.

Table 12-4 TAS/TCAS Symbology GNS 430(A) Pilots Guide and Reference
Pilots should be aware of TAS/TCAS system limitations. If an intruder transponder does not respond to interrogations due to antenna shading or marginal transponder performance, it will not be displayed, or display may be intermittent. Pilots should remain vigilant for traffic at all times when using TAS/TCAS systems for non-transponder equipped airplanes or unresponsive airplanes. In all other conditions, Level B (greater sensitivity) TA sensitivity is used to assess TA threats.

Traffic Symbology

Traffic information from the GTS 8XX is displayed on the GNS 430 unit using TAS/TCAS symbology (Table 12-4) on a dedicated Traffic page, and on the moving Map Page. The displayed traffic information generally includes the relative range, bearing, and altitude of intruder aircraft. The GTS8XX also generates aural announcements heard on the cockpit audio system. Target altitude relative to own aircraft altitude (relative altitude) is displayed (in hundreds of feet) for each target symbol (Figure 12-20). If traffic is above own aircraft altitude the relative altitude is shown above the target next to a + symbol. If traffic is below own aircraft altitude the relative altitude is shown below the target next to a - symbol. Altitude trend (Figure 12-20) is displayed as an up arrow ( +500 fpm), down arrow ( -500 fpm), or no symbol if less than 500 fpm rate in either direction.
Relative Altitude Traffic Type Altitude Trend
TCAS I Surveillance Volume
Top and bottom mounted antennas allow an active surveillance range of up to 12 nm (GTS 800) or 40 nm (GTS 820/850) in the forward direction, and somewhat reduced ranges to the sides and aft of own aircraft due to the directional interrogation patterns. Interference limiting in GTS 820/850 units may automatically reduce range in high density traffic areas.

TA Alerting Conditions

The GTS 8XX automatically adjusts its TA sensitivity level (Table 12-5) to reduce the likelihood of nuisance TA alerting during flight phases likely to be near airports. Sensitivity Level A (less sensitivity) TA is used when the aircrafts radar altimeter (if equipped) indicates own altitude is less than 2000 feet AGL. If no radar altimeter is present, Sensitivity Level A is active when the landing gear is extended. Level A is also active when groundspeed is less than 120 knots with no radar altimeter present in a fixed gear aircraft. Sensitivity Level A A B B
Figure 12-20 Traffic Symbol Components
Intruder Altitude Available Yes No Yes No
TA Alerting Conditions Intruder closing rate provides less than 20 seconds of vertical and horizontal separation. Or: Intruder range is within 0.2 nm and vertical separation is within 600 feet. Intruder closing rate is less than 15 seconds. Intruder closing rate provides less than 30 seconds of vertical and horizontal separation. Or: Intruder range is within 0.55 nm and vertical separation is within 800 feet. Intruder closing rate is less than 20 seconds.

Figure 12-38 Data Link Page
Figure 12-40 Data Link Page
The Data Link Request Log Page is displayed (Figure 12-39).
The Position Report Page is displayed with the following six fields: Nearest VOR - Nearest VOR identifier Distance - The distance from the nearest VOR Radial - The radial from the nearest VOR Position - Displays the aircrafts current position expressed in Latitude and Longitude
Figure 12-39 Data Link Request Log Page
Auto Request - This field is used to set the time interval for the system to automatically send the position. The time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 1 hr. When an auto request time is selected, the first report is sent after the specified time has elapsed from when the field was set (as opposed to immediately sending a report). Note that in order to take advantage of EchoFlights Automatic Weather Delivery (AWD) service, the time interval must be set to 15 minutes. Manual Send? - This field is used to send out a current single position report (Figure 12-41).
Requesting Graphical METARs
Graphical METAR data can be requested from the Data Link Page, Map Page, or Airport Page. Requesting graphical METARs from the Data Link Page: 1) 2) Select the Data Link Page from the AUX Page Group. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Turn the small right knob and highlight Metar Request (Figure 12-42).
Figure 12-42 Data Link Page
Figure 12-41 Position Report Page
Press the ENT Key. The METAR REQUEST Page is displayed (Figure 12-43).
Figure 12-43 Metar Request Page
The METAR Request Page has the following userselectable fields: Format - This field is used to select between requesting the raw METAR text (Textual) or requesting a graphical summary (Graphic) of several METARs.
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilots Guide and Reference
NOTE: Textual METARs can only be requested by identifier or by flight plan (if the flight plan contains a METAR station identifier).
Center - This field allows the pilot to specify reference points for the request. The following five options are available for the Center field: Current Position - Request METAR data from the aircrafts current position. Look Ahead - Request METAR data ahead of (along) the current route. From ID - Request NEXRAD data from a specific waypoint identifier. If From ID is selected as the reference point for the request, the WPT field is displayed (in place of Position). The WPT field is used to enter a waypoint identifier as the reference point for the request. From Lat/Lon - Request NEXRAD data from a specific latitude and longitude. This is only selectable when requesting from the map. The Position field displays the position of the map cursor and cannot be edited. From Flight Plan - Request METAR data from one of the waypoints in the active flight plan. This is only selectable when an active Flight Plan has been selected. The Flight Plan field (displayed in place of Position) is used to select which waypoint in the active flight plan to use as the reference point for the request. Radius (Graphical requests only) - This field selects a request radius from 50 to 250 nm from the selected position.

Position (also WPT or Flight Plan) - Current Posn-Position is current, Look Ahead-Position is look ahead position. From ID-Position is from the ID entered into the WPT field. Flight Plan is the ID selected from the active flight plan. Auto Request (GDL 49 Only) - This field is used to set the time interval for the GDL 49 to automatically send a NEXRAD data request. The time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 1 hour. When an auto request time is selected, the first request is sent after the specified time has elapsed from when the field was set (as opposed to immediately sending a request).
The Manual Send?(GDL 49) or Update Request? (GDL 69) field is used to request METAR Data. 4) Use the small and large right knobs to select the desired data and the ENT Key to enter the data into the appropriate fields on the METAR Request Page. Select Manual Send? or Update Request? and press the ENT Key. The request has been sent. Note that selecting Auto Request and pressing the ENT Key does not send the request until after the auto time period. To exit from the NEXRAD Request Page, press the small right knob. The Data Link Page is displayed.
Requesting graphical or textual METARs from the Map Page: 1) 2) Select the Map Page. Press the MENU Key. The Map Page Options Menu is displayed (Figure 12-44).
Displaying graphical METARs on the NAV Weather Page
Once received, graphical METAR data is displayed on the NAV Weather Page. Displaying graphical METARs on the NAV Weather Page: 1) 2) 3) 4) Select the NAV Weather Page. Press the small right knob. The upper left hand corner field flashes. Turn small right knob and select METAR. Press the small right knob.
Figure 12-44 Map Page Menu
Select Request METAR and press the ENT Key. The METAR Request Page is displayed. There are four user-selectable parameter fields: Format, Center, Radius, and Position (see preceding pages for detailed information). Change the request parameters as desired. Enter the type of desired METAR Data and the desired radius (graphical requests only). Select Manual Send? or Update Request? and press the ENT Key. The request has been sent. Note that selecting Auto Request and pressing the ENT Key does not send the request until after the auto time period. To exit from the METAR Request Page, press the small right knob. The Map Page is displayed.
Viewing graphical METAR Data for a specific airport from the Map Page: 1) 2) Select the Map Page. Move the target pointer to highlight a desired airport. Graphical METAR data is displayed for that airport in a thumbnail image.
NOTE: For the GDL 69/69A, METAR data is automatically updated every twelve minutes from the time of initial request.

The flight plan (FPL) was truncated because not enough room existed to insert an approach, departure, or arrival. This message also appears when an approach has been deleted from FPL has been truncated a stored flight plan because an approach could not be found. These conditions may occur upon power up when a database change increases the number of waypoints in, or removes an approach from, an instrument procedure. FPL is full - remove An attempt has been made to add more than 31 waypoints to a flight plan (FPL). The GNS unnecessary waypoints 430 does not allow more than 31 waypoints per flight plan. FPL leg will not be The upcoming flight plan (FPL) leg is too short for smooth waypoint transitions. Expect a smoothed rapid change in the CDI. At least one flight plan (FPL) waypoint is locked because the waypoint has been removed FPL waypoint is locked from the current NavData Card (database change), the data card is missing, or the data card has failed. The position data for one or more flight plan (FPL) waypoints moved at least 0.33 arc FPL waypoint moved minutes in the current NavData Card (database change). FPL waypoint was At least one flight plan (FPL) waypoint is no longer available when a new NavData Card was deleted installed (database change). The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its glideslope receiver. The glideslope receiver is not G/S has failed available and the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service. Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the glideslope G/S is not responding receiver has failed. Operational status of the glideslope receiver is unknown and the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service. The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its glideslope receiver. The glideslope receiver may still G/S needs service be usable, but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenience) to a Garmin dealer for service. The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its GPS receiver. The GPS receiver is not available and GPS has failed the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service. Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the GPS receiver GPS is not responding has failed. Operational status of the GPS receiver is unknown and the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service. The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its GPS receiver. The GPS receiver may still be usable, GPS needs service but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenience) to a Garmin dealer for service. GPS stored data was Satellite almanac, ephemeris and time data have been lost due to a memory battery failure, lost system reset, or data expiration (data over six months old).

Localizer Left-over Fuel Reserve Time Large Liters Degrees Magnetic Meters Millibars of Pressure Medium Megahertz Statute Miles Military Operations Area Statute Miles Per Hour Meters Per Minute Meters Per Second Minimum Safe Altitude Message Mean Sea Level Multicom National Navigation Navigational Aid Non-directional Radio Beacon Nautical Miles Nearest Number Omnibearing Selector
OCN P.POS PROC PROV PWR RAD RAIM REF REQ RNG RX SID Sml SPD SQ SRFC STAR SUA T TACAN TAS TAT TEMP
Oceanic Present Position Procedure(s) Province Power Radial Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring Reference Required/Requirements Range Receive Standard Instrument Departure Small Speed Squelch Surface Standard Terminal Arrival Route Special Use Airspace Degree True Tactical Air Navigation True Airspeed Total Air Temperature Temperature
TERM TKE TMA TRANS TRFC TRK TRSA twr TX uni UTC VAR VER VFR VLOC VNAV VOL VOR VS VSR WPT WX XTK
Terminal Track Angle Error ICAO Terminal Control Area Transition Traffic Track (also Ground Track) Terminal Radar Service Area Tower Transmit Unicom Coordinated Universal Time (also GMT or Zulu) Variation Version Visual Flight Rules VOR/Localizer Receiver Vertical Navigation Volume VHF (Very High Frequency) Omnidirectional Radio Range Vertical Speed Vertical Speed Required Waypoint Weather Crosstrack Error

RESTRICTD Restricted

14.3 Navigation Terms
The following navigation terms are used on the GNS 430 and in this Pilots Guide. Refer to Figures 14-1 and 14-2 for graphic representation of navigation terms.

WPT 2 NORTH

IC RT VE

AL I AT G VI NA

N O L FI O PR

DISTANCE TO TARGET

AIRPORT
Figure 14-1 Illustrated NAV Terms
Figure 14-2 Illustrated Vertical NAV Terms
Term ALT(altitude) BRG(bearing) CAS(calibrated airspeed) CTS(course to steer) CUM(cumulative) DIS(distance) DOP(dilution of precision) DTK(desired track) EFF(efficiency) ENDUR(endurance)
Description Height above mean sea level (MSL). The compass direction from the present position to a destination waypoint. Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument errors. The recommended direction to steer in order to reduce course error or stay on course. Provides the most efficient heading to get back to the desired course and proceed along the flight plan. The total of all legs in a flight plan (cumulative distance). The great circle distance from the present position to a destination waypoint. A measure of satellite geometry quality on a scale of one to ten (lowest numbers are best, highest numbers are worst). The desired course between the active from and to waypoints. A measure of fuel consumption, expressed in distance per fuel units (e.g., nautical miles per gallon). Flight endurance, or total available flight time based upon available fuel.