1.4 MANUAL ADDENDA

Information concerning improvements or changes to the instrument which occur after the printing of this manual will be found on an addendum sheet included with the manual. Be sure to review these changes before attempting to operate or service the instrument.
In addition to the above mentioned measurement capabilities, the Model 196 can makeAC dB voltage and current measurements.

1.2 FEATURES

Some important Model 196 features include: 10 Character Alphanumeric Display-Easy to read 14-segment LEOs used for readings and front panel messages. High Speed Measurement Rate-lOoo readings per second. Zero-Used to cancel offsets or establish baselines. A zero value can be programmed from the front panel or over the IEEE-488 bus. Filter-The weighted average digital filter can be set from the front panel or over the bus. Data Store-Can store up to 500 readings and is accessible only over the bus. Digital Calibration-The instrument may be digitally calibrated from either the front panel or over the bus. User Programmable Default Conditions-Any instrwnent measurement configuration can be established as the. power-up default conditions. Translator Software-User defined words (stored in nonvolatile memory) can be used to replace standard command strings over the IEEE-488 bus. Offset Compensated Ohms-Used to correct for small error voltages in the measurement circuit.
1.5 SAFETY SYMBOLS AND TERMS
The following safety symbols and terms are used in this manual or found on the Model 196. The symbol on the instrument denotes that the user should refer to-the operating instructions in this manual.
& The Mn the instrument denotes that a potential of 300V or more may be present on the terminaI(s). Standard
safety practices should be observed when such dangerous levels are encountered. The WARNING used in this manual explains dangers that could result in personal injury or death. The CAUTION used in this manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument,

1.6 SPECIFICATIONS

Detailed Model 196 specifications may be found preceding the Thble of Contents oHhis manual.

GENERAL INFORMATION

1.7 INSPECTION
The Model 196 System DMM was carefully inspected, both electrically and mechanically before shipment. Mter unpacking all items from the shipping carlon, check for any obvious signs of physical damage that may have occurred during transit. Report any damage to the shippingagent. Retain and use the original packing materials in case reshipment is necessary. The following items are shipped with every Model 196 order: Model 196 System DMM Model 196 Instruction Manual Safety Test Leads (Model 1751) Additional accessories as ordered.

Dangerous arcs of an explosive nature in a high energy circuit can cause severe personal injury or death. If the meter is connected to a high energy circuit when set to a current range, low resistance range or any other low impedance range, the circuit is Virtually shorted. Dangerous arcing can also result when the meter is set to a voltage range if the minimum voltage spacing is reduced.
2.5 ERROR DISPLAY MESSAGES
Table 2-2 lists and explains the various display messages associated with incorrect front panel operation of the Model 196.
Table 2-2. Error Messages
When making measurements in high energy circuits use test leads that meet the following requirements: 'lest leads should be fully insulated. Only use test leads that can be connected to the circuit (e.g. alligator clips, spade lugs, etc.) for hands-off measurements. Do not use test leads that decrease voltage spacing. This diminishes arc protection and creates a hazardous condition. Use the following sequence when testing power circuits: 1. De-energize the circuit using the regular installed connect-disconnect device such as the circuit breaker, main switch, etc. 2. Attach the test leads to the circuit under test. Use appropriate safety rated leads for this application. 3. Set the DMM to the proper function and range. 4. Energize the circuit using the installed connectdisconnect device and make measurements without disconnecting the DMM. 5. De-energize the circuit using the installed connectdisconnect device. 6. Disconnect the test-leads from the circuit under test.

Message UNCAL

Explanation
E'PROM failure on power up. See paragraph 6.7.2. NO PROGRAM Invalid entry while trying to select program. O.vERFLO KG Overrange-Decimal point position and mnemonics define function and range (3kG range shown). The number of characters in the "OVERFLO" message defines the display resolution (6Yzd resolution shown). TRIG-ERROR Trigger received while still processing reading from last trigger. Selecting dB with instrument not ACONLY in ACV or ACA. Pressing a range button while in NO RANGE ACV dB or ACA dB. 196 in invalid state (Le. dB funcCONFLICT tion), when entering calibration program.

Program 37 resets instrument set up parameters back to factory default conditions. The factory default conditions are listed in Tables 2-1 and 3-7. Perform the following steps to run this program.
1. Press the PRGM button. The following prompt will be
displayed: PROGRAM ? 2. Enter the number 37 by pressing the "3" and "7" buttons. The following message will be displayed briefly:
RESET 3. The_following prompt-will then be displayed:

ENTER?

4. Press the ENTER button. The following message will be displayed briefly and the instrument-will return to the factory default conditions.

ENTERED Notes:

1. User selected limits will be stored in the Model196 until power is turned off (unless saved by Program 30). These constants will be used whenever Program 5 (HI/LOIPASS) is enabled. 2. Limits set by the user will become the power up default limits by running Program 30 (Save). 3. Entering an invalid value will result with the instrument using the power up default limit.
1. Program 37 (Reset) can be aborted by pressing any front panel button, except the ENTER Dutton, when the prompt "ENTER?" is displayed. The instrument will return to the previous operating state. 2. Once the instrument is reset to the factory default conditions with this program, Program 30 must be run if it is desired to have the factory default conditions on subsequent power ups. 3. Program 37 (Reset) will have no affect on the current IEEE address and line frequency setting.

2.7.14 Program

The ohms offset compensation program is used to compensate for voltage potentials (such as thermal EMFs) across the resistance to be measured. This feature can be used for both 2-terminal and 4-terminal resistor measurements up to 30kO. Additional information on ohms offset compensation can be found in paragraph 2.6.6. Perform the follow-. i~~~ the following procedure to implement Program ing steps to use the ohms offset compensation program: 1. Press the PRGM button. The following prompt will be displayed: PROGRAM? 2. Press the 0 button. The current status of ohms compen~ation will be ?isplayed. For e~ple, if compensation IS currently disabled, the followmg message will be displayed: ' COMPOFF 3. If the alternate status is desired, press one of the Range buttons. The alternate status will be displayed as follows: COMPON 4. With the desired compensation status displayed, press the ENTER button. A. If ohms offset compensation was enabled, the instrument will be placed in the ohms function with the o indicator light flashing. B. If ohms offset compensation was disabled, the instrument will return to the previous operating state. When the ohms function is selected, the 0 indicator light will not flash. Notes: 1. The 0 indicatodight reveals the status of ohms offset compensation. With the ohms function selected, a flashing 0 light indicates that compensation is enabled, and conversely, a non-flashing 0 light indicates that compensation is disabled. 2. The status of ohms offset compensation can be saved as a power up default condition by running Program 30. 1. Press the PRGM button. The following prompt will be displayed: PROGRAM?

2.9.3 Triggering Example

As an example of using both the external trigger input and the meter complete output, assume that the Model 196 is to be used in conjunction with a Keithley Model 705 Scan-. ner to allow the Model 196 to measure a number of different signals, which are to be switched by the scanner. The Model 705 can switch up to 20 2-pole channels (20 singlepole channels with special cardS such as the low-current card). In this manner, a single Model 196 could monitor up to 20 measurement points.

MODEL 705

CHANNa. EXTERNAL REA~Y ;l6GER
By connecting1:he triggering inl?uts of thetwo instruments together, a complete automahc measuremenT-sequence
could be performed. Data obtained from each measurement point could be stored using the data store of the Model 196. Once the Model 705 is programmed for its scan sequence, the measurement proCedure is set to begin. Wh.en the Model 705 closes the selected channel, it triggers the Model 705 to scan to the next channel. The process repeats until all channels have been scanned. To use the Model 1% with the Model 705, proceed as follows: 1. Connect the Model 196 to the Model 705 as shown in

e e I e e e

EXTERNAL INPUT

TRt86ER

; ; VOLTMETR COI'lPl.ETE OUTPUT 0

< >

HODEL 196
Figure 2-10. External Triggering Example

2-27/2-28

SECTION 3 IEEE-488 PROGRAMMING

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This section contains information on programming the
Model 196 over the IEEE-488 bus. Detailed instructions for all programmable functions are included; however, information concerning operating modes presented elsewhere is not repeated here. AdditionalIEEE-488 information is provided in the following appendices: Appendix A-ASCII character codes and multiline interface command messages. Appendix B-Programming information for using the IBM POXT computer with the Model 8573A interface.
Front Panel Aspects of- IEEE-488 Operation: Describes the operation of the LOCAL key and bus status indicators, and summarizes front panel messages that may occur dUring bus operation. General Bus Command Programming: Outlines methods for sending general bus commands to the instrument. Device-Dependent Commands: Contains descriptions of most of the programming commands used to control the instrument over the bus. Using the Translator Mode: Describes an alternate programming method of using easily recognized. user-defined words in place of device-dependent commands. Bus Data Transmission Times: Lists typical times when accessing instrument data over the bus.
Appendix C-Sample programs using a variety of different 3.11 controllers with the Model 196. Appendix D-A detailed overview of the IEEE-488 bus. Also, a tear out card listing the device-dependent commands follows the appendices. Section 3 contains the following information:

3.2 A SHORT-CUT TO IEEE-488 OPERATION
The paragraphs below will take you through a step-by-step procedure to get your Model 196 on the bus as quickly as possible and program basic operating modes. Refer to the remainder of Section 3 for detailed information on IEEE-488 operation and progranUlling. Step 1: Connect Your Model 196 to the Controller With power off, connect the Model 196 to the IEEE-488 interface of the controller using a standard interface cable. SQme controllers such as the HP-85 include an integral cable, while others require a separate cable. Paragraph 3.3 discusses bus connections in more detail. Step 2: Select the Primary Address Much like your home address, the primary address is a way for the controller to refer to each device on the bus individually. Consequently, the primary address of your Model 196 (and any other devices on the bus, for that mat-
A Short-cut to IEEE-488 Operation: Gives a simple step-by-step procedure for getting on the bus as quickly as possible. Bus Connections: Shows typical methods for connecting the instrument to the bus. Interface Function Codes: Defines IEEE standard codes that apply to the instrument. Primary Address Selection: Tells how to program the instrument for the correct primary address. Controller Programming: Demonstrates simple programming techniques for a typical IEEE-488 controller.

IEEE-488 PROGRAMMING

ter), must be the same as the primary address specified
in the controller's programming language, qr you will not
be able to program instrument operating modes and obtain data over the bus. Keep in mind that each device on
the bus must have a different primary address. The primary address of your Model 196 is set to 7 at the factory, but you can program other values between 0 and 30 by pressing PRGM, 3, 1, and then using the data entry keys to change the primary address. Once the desired value is displayed, press ENTER to program the value. More detailed information on primary address selection is located in paragraph 3.5. Step 3: Write Your Program Even the most basic operations will require that you write a simple program to send commands and read back data from the instrument. Figure 3-1 shows a basic flow chart that a typical simple program will follow. Theprogranuning example below follows this general sequence. This program will allow you to type in command strings to program the instrument and display data on the computer CRT. HP-85 Programming Example-Use the simple program below to send programming commands to the Model 196 and display the data string on the computer CRT.

PROGRAM 10 REto10TE 707

20 DISP ,

'COMMAND~

PLACE UN I T IN REMOTE

PROGRAM OPERATING

REQUEST

OAT A FROM 196

OISPLAY DATA

30 INPUT C$

40 OUTPUT 707,; C$

50 ENTER 707; A$

60 DISP A$

70 GOTO 20

80 END
COMMENTS Send remote enable. , i Prompt for command string. Input the command string. Send command string to 196. Get a reading from the instrument.Display the reading. Repeat.
Figure 3-1. Typical Program Flow Chart
Step 4: Program Model 196 Operating Modes You can program instrument operating modes by sending the appropriate command, which is made up of an ASCII letter representing the command, followed by one or two numeric parameters separated by commas for the command option. Table 3-1 summarizes the commands used to select function and range. A number of commands can be grouped together in O:le string, if desired. Also, you must terminate the command or command steing with the X character in order for the instrument to execute the commands in question.
Step 5: Get Readings from the Model 196 Usually, you will want to obtain one or more readings from the Model 196. In the example program above, a single reading is requested and displayed after each command. In other cases, you may wish to program the instrument configuration. at the beginning of your program, and then obtain a whole series of measurements. The basic reading steing that the Model 196 sends over the bus is in ASCII characters of the form: NDCV-1.234567E+0 where: N indicates a normal reading (0 would indicate an overflow), DCV shows the function in effect (in this case, DCV) -1.234567 is the mantissa of the reading data, E+O represents the exponent.
If you are using the programming example from Step 3
above, simply type in the command steing when prompted to do so. Some example strings are given below. F3X: select DCA function. FOR2X: select DCV function, 3V range.
Table 3-1. IEEE-488 Commands Used to Select Function and Range

_. Mode

Execute
Command Description X FO F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7

'""'

Execute other device-dependent commands. DC volts AC volts Ohms DC current AC current ACVdB ACAdB Offset compensated ohms

Function

DCV ACV DCA ACA Ohms

. _. --. -_.

Offset Compensated O.hms Auto 300 II 3 kll 30 kll 30 kll 30 kll 30 kll 30 kll
Range ACVdB Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto ACAdB Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto Auto

RO R1 R2 R3 R4

Auto 300mV 3 V 30 V 300 V 300 V 300 V 300 V
Auto Auto Auto Auto 300mV 300iLA 300iLA 300 II 3 V 3mA 3mA 3 kll 30 V 30mA 30mA 30 kll 300 V 300mA 300mA ~Okll 3Mll 300 V 3 A 3 A 300 V 3 A 3 A 30Mll 300 V 3 A 3 A 300Mll

\EEE-488 PROGRAMMING

3.3 BUS CONNECTIONS
The Model 196 is intended to be connected to the IEEE-488 bus through a cable equipped with standard IEEE-488 connectors, an example of which is shown in Figure 3-2. The connector is designed to be stacked to allow a number of parallel connections at one instrument~ Two screws are located on each connector to ensure that connections remain secure. Current standards call for metric threads, which are identified with dark colored screws. Earlier versions had different screws, which were silver colored. Do not attempt to use these type of connectors on the Model 196, which is-designed for metric threads.

INSTRUMENT

Figure 3-3. IEEE488 Connections Connect the Model 196 to the IEEE-488 bus as follows: 1. Line up the cable connector with the connector located on the rear panel of the instrument. The connector is designed so that it will fit only one way. Figure 3-4 shows the location of the IEEE-488 connector on the instrument. 2. Tighten the screws securely, but do not overtighten them. 3. Add additional connectors from other instruments, as required. 4. Make certain that the other end of the cable is properly connected to the controller. Most controllers are equipped with an IEEE-488 style connector, but a few may require a different- type of connecting cable. Consult the instruction manual for your controller for the proper connecting method.

Figure

IEEE-488 Connector
A typical connecting scheme for a multiple-instrument test set up is shown in Figure 3-3. Although any number of connectors can be stacked on one instrument, it is recommended that you stack no more than three connectors on any one unit to avoid possible mechanical damage.
Table 32. IEEE Contact Designation

Contact Number 11

IEEE-488 Designation EOI (24)* DAV NRFD NDAC
Figure 3-4. IEEE488 Connector Location
NOTE The IEEE-488 bus is limited to a maximum of 15 devices, including the controller. The maximum cable length is 20 meters, or 2 meters times the number of devices, which ever is less. Failure to observe these limits may result in erratic bus operation.
SRQ ATN SHIELD DI0107 DI08 REN (24)* Gnd, (6)* Gnd, (7)* Gnd, (8)* Gnd, (9)* Gnd, (10)* Gnd, (11)* Gnd, LOGIC
Type Data Data Data Data Management Handshake Handshake Handshake Management Management Management Ground Data Data Data Data Management Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground
*Numbersin parentheses refer to signal ground return Custom cables may be constructed by using the informa-. of referencen contact number. EOI and REN signal lines return on contact 24. tion in Thble 3-2 and Figure 3-5. Table 3-2 lists the contact assignments for the bus, and Figure 3-5 shows the contact configuration.

3.7.2 IEEE488 Status Indicators and LOCAL Key
The TLK, RMT, and LSN indicators show the presentIEEE-488 statos of the instrument. Each of these indicators LOCAL-The LOCAL key cancels the remote mode and is briefly described below. restores local operation of the instrumento-

STATUS INDICATORS

TLK RHT LSN
Since all front panel keys except LOCAL are locked outwhen the instrument is in remote, this key provides a convenient method of restoring front panel operation. Pressing LOCAL will also torn off the RMT indicator and retom the display to the normal mode if user messages were previously displayed with the D command. Note that the LOCAL key will also be inoperative if the LLO (Local Lockout) command is in effect.
Table 36. General Bus Commands and Associated BASIC Statements
HP-85 Command Statement REN IFC LLO GTL DCL SDC GET
REMOTE 7 ABORTIO 7 LOCAL LOCKOUT 7 LOCAL 707 CLEAR 7 CLEAR 707 TRIGGER 707
Affect on Model 196 Goes into remote when next addressed. Goes into talker and listener idle states. Front panel controls locked out. Cancel remote. Retoms to default conditions: Retoms to default conditions. Triggers reading in T2 and 13 modes.
3.8 GENERAL BUS COMMAND PROGRAMMING
General bus commands are those commands such as DCL that have the same general purpose regardless of the instrument. Commands supported by the Model 196 are summarized in Thble 3-6, which lists HP-85 statements necessary to send each command. Note that commands requiring a primary address assume that the Model 196 primary address is set to 7 (its factory default address).
Model 196 in the talker and listener idle statesc The unit will respond to the !FC command by cancelling front panel 1I\LK or LISTEN lights, if the instrument was previously placed in one of those modes. To send the !FC command, the controller need only set the !FC line true for a minimum of lO0l'8ec. HP-85 Programming Example-Before demonstrating the !FC command, place the instrument in the talker active state with the following statements:

REMOTE 707 ENTER 707; A$

3.8.1 REN (Remote Enable)
REN is a uniline command that must be asserted by the controller to place the Model 196 in the remote mode. Simply setting REN true will not actually place the instrument in remote; instead, the unit must be addressed to listen after REN is set true. Generally, remote enable should be asserted before attempting to program the instrument over the bus. Once the instrument is in remote, all front panel ~ controls except LOCAL will be inoperative. Normal front panel operation can be restored by pressing the LOCAL key. To place the Model 196 in the remote mode, the controller must perform the following sequence: Set the REN line true. 2. Address the Model 196 to listen. HP-85 Programming Example-Place the Model 196 in remote with the following statement:

LOCATIONS

4=SUFFER RDGS WITH PREFIXES ANO WITHout BUj:1=i::R
5=BUFFER ROGS WITHOUT PREFIXES AND BUFFER
4~d{RlR4) 5%d 5'hd 5_}'2.9.1R5-R7l 2 -5%d Slhd 5Yzd 5%d 5%d 5'hd 5%d 5J6:d 3 6%d 5Yid 5%d 5'hd 6.%d(Rl-R6J 5Yzd 6%d 5'hd 5%d{R7) Integrated.Perlod: 3%d=318ttS9l;. 4'hd=2.59msec, 5Y2d and 6'hd=Line.cycle
SELI'-TEST (J) Q=INACT1VE 1=ROM, RAM and PPRQM PASSED 2=EZPROM FAILED ED'; BUS HOLD-OFF (K) Q=EOI AND HOLD-OFF 1 =NO EOI AND HOLDOFF 2=EOI AND NO HOLD-OFF 3=NO EOI AND NO HOLD-OFF SRO (M) MOO = DISABLED M01=READING OVERFLOW M02=DATA STORE FULL M04=DATA STORE HALF FULL MOB=READING DONE M16=READY M32=ERROR EXPONENTIAL FILTER (N) O=OISABLEO 1=ENABLEO FILTER (P) OO=FILTER DISABLED nn=FILTER ENABLED WITH FILTER VALUE OF nn (01 to 99) DATA STORE RATE (0) OOOOO:O=ONE-SHOT MODE nnnnnn=INTERVAL (00000 1msec to 99999sec)
TRIGGER (T) O=-CONTINUOUS ON TALK 1=ONESHOT ON TALK 2=CONTINUOUS ON GET 3=ONE-SHOT ON GET 4=CONTINUOUS ON X 5=ONE-SHOr.oN X 6=CONTINUOUS ON EXTERNAL TRIGGER 7=ONESHOT ON EXTERNAL TRrG~l::t( DELAY (W)
nnnn-rr=OOOOOmsec to 60000msec
TERMINATOR (Y) O=CR LFl=LF CR
3=LF ZERO (Z) O=OISASLEb l=ENABLED 2=ENABLEO USING ZERO VALUE CALlBR.trION SWITCH O=DISABLEO l=ENABLED
Figure 3-8. UO Machine Status Word and Default Values
IDDCO-Set when an illegal device-dependent command' option (lODCO) such as 19X is received ("9" is illegal).
NOTE The complete command string will be ignored if an lODC, lODCO or no remote error occurs.

:.P~R~O~G~R.::A~M:=:.

-=Cc::0:.::M::.:M:::E=Nc:.T.:.:S:o.
10 RE~IOTE DH1 A$[40J 30 OUTPUT 707; , , U0tP , 40 DISF' "mdlflBFGJKt1t1N PPQC!QQQQRSTWW.jtj.j'-(
Send remote enable. Send UO command.
The U2 command lists the Translator words that have been defined by the. operator. The list will be transmitted only once each time the command is received.
50 ENTER707 ; A$ S0 ',0 DISP-A$ EtHER 707; A$ DISP A$ END
Obtain UO status from instrument. Display UO status word. Get normal reading. Display normal reading.
The U3 command allows the user to find out the current defined size ofthe buffer. The buffer size is'controlled by the I command. When this command is transmitted, the. After entering the program, run it by pressing the HP-85 instrument will transmit the value the next time it is adRUN key. The machine conditions of the Model 196 will dressed to talk. This information will be transmitted only be listed on the CRT display. To show that status is transmitonce each time the command is received. The U3 value will ted only once, a normal reading is requested and displayed not be cleared when read; thus, the U3. value is always last. current. The U4 command sends the average of all the readings that are in the data store. The US command sends the lowest reading in the data store and the U6 command sends the highest. When any of these commands are transmitted,the instrument will send the appropriate reading the next time the instrument is addressed to talk. A reading will only be sent-once each time the appropriate command is received. Transmission of U4, US and U6 will not occur until the buffer is full. The U7 command sends the present value. The value can be a calibration value, or a zero value.'. The US command sends a value that defines the status of the input switch. A value of a indicates that thefronl panel input terminals are selected, while a value of 1 indicates that the rear panel input terminals are selected.

REMOTE 707 OUTPUT 707.; , 'J0X' ,
Y"hen the END LINE key is pressed the second time, the mstrument performs the self-test. If successful, the self-test in the UO status word will be set to 1. Upon power up or after receiving a DCL or SDCcorriInand;. byte tile instrument will return to the default condition.

3.9.20 Hit Button (H)

HP-85 Programming Example-To program a 250msec delay period into the instrument, enter the following statements into the computer:
REMOTE 707 OUTPUT 707; , 'W250X' ,
The hit button command allows the user to emulate virtually any front panel control sequence. Through the use of- the H command, the front panel programs may be entered through commands given over the bus. The H command is sent by sending the ASCII letter followed by a number representing a front panel control. These control numbers are shown in Figure 3-10. Examples: H3X-Selects the ACA function. HOX-Selects the ACV function. HP-85 Programming Example-Enter the following statements into the computer to place the instrument in the ohms function:
REMOTE 707 OUTPUT 707;" H1X"
After the END LINE key is pressed the second time, the instrument will wait for 250msec after each triggered conversion before executing the next coversion period.

3.9.19 SelfTest (J)

The J command causes the instrument to perform tests it automatically performs upon power up. When the self-test command is given, the Model 196 performs the following tests: 1. ROM Test 2. RAM Test 3. E'PROM Test
J command parameters include:
When the END LINE key is pressed the second time, the instrument is placed in the ohms function.

\EEE-488 PROGRAMM\NG

$ENSl;

Pe"'~

CAL EHAete
Figure 310. Hit Button Command Numbers

3.9.21 Display (D)

The display command controls the ASCII messages that can be placed onto the Model 196 display. Messages are controlled with the following commands: Da D
DIsplay character Jlcf~ where "cr represents a prinfable ASCII character. Up to 10 characters (including blanks) may be sent. Restores display back to normal.
Notes: 1. In order to have spaces preceding the beginning of the message and between message words, use the @ symbol to represent each space. For example, to-display the message "Model 196" starting atthe second display character (one space), send the following command shing:

DI~r10DEL@

196::-::' ,
2. Spaces in a command string are ignored. 3. Sending a message that exceeds 10 characters will result with the big string error message being displayed.
HP-85 Programming Example-Enter the following statements into the computer to display the message "MODEL 196":
f;U10TE 707 OUTPUT 707; , , D~t10DEU;H 9E. :,' ,
HP-85 Programming Example-Enter the following statements into the computer to turn the internal filter off:

Ie Error String

"ALIAS TESTl FlX ALIAS TEST2 RlX ;" '~LIAS ITHINKTHlSISTHlRTYTWOCHARACf ERS! FlX;" Use of an X In a Translator word. '~LIAS XRAY FlX ;" Trying to define a Translator wordthatalreaclY '~LIAS SETUP FlX ;" exists. The second string In the example is the '~LIAS SETUP RlX ;" error string. '~LIAS $200 FDC;" __ Use of a $ In a Translator word. ".'1 Sending the ; character. , Use of UST In a Translator definition. '~LIAS DOG FlX LIST ;" Use of FORGET In a Translatox_definition. '~LIAS DOG FlX FORGET ;" Use of SAVE In a Translator definition. '~LIAS DOG FlX SAVE ;"
When END LINE is pressed the second time, the Translator 3.10.3 NEW and OLD word will be defined to emulate the Keithley command string. Whe'.t END LINE is pressed tJ:'e third time, the in- NEW is a reserved word that tells the instrument that the strument will go to the ACV function (Fl) and enable_ _ ensuing commands may be defined Translator words. The autorange (RO). instrument will then respond to the Translator words as well as Keithley device-dependent commands. The reserved word ALIAS automatically places the instrument 3.10.2 Wild Card ($) in the NEW mode. NEW is also used to combine Translator words and is explained in paragraph 3.10.4. An advanced feature of Translator software is its wild card capabilities. By using the reserved character U$'~_ the same basic Translator word can be used to select all options of- - OLD is a reserved word that prevents the instrument from a command. With this feature, a DDC option number is responding to the defined Translator words. In this mode, sent with the wild card Translator word. The format for only the Keithley device-dependent commands will be using the wild card is shown in the following example, recognized over the bus. which defines the word FUNCTION as a substitute for the F command: HP-85 Programming Example-Enter the following statements into the computer to place the instrument in the '~LIAS FUNCTION F$X;" NEW mode: "FUNCTIONf' "FUNCTION 2" - - REMOTE 707

OUTPUT 707 J

HEW' '
The first statement defines FUNCTION as the wild card Translator word for the F command. The wild card ($) will allow any valid option number of the F command (0 through 8) to be sent with the word. The second statement which is the substitute for the FI command, will place the instrument in the ACV function. The third statement is a substitute for the F2 command, and will place the instrument in the ohms function. Notes: 1. When sending a wild card Translator word over the bus, there must be a space between the Translator word and the option number. 2. If a wild card Translator word is sent without an option number, the instrument will default to option O.

+SV supply Segment drivers Digital drivers
Pulse present when button pressed Pulse present when button pressed Pulse present when button pressed

6-19/6-20

SECTION 7 REPLACEABLE PARTS

7.1 INTRODUCTION

This section contains replacement parts information, com-
ponent location drawings and schematic diagrams for the Model 196.
Instrument Model Number Instrument Serial Number Parts Description Circuit Designation (if applicable) Keithley Part Number

7.2 PARTS LIST

Parts are listed alphanumerically in order of their circuit designations. Thble 7-1 contains parts list information for the display board. Thble 7-2 contains parts list information for the digital board. Table 7-3 contains parts list information for the analog board. Table 7-4 contains a miscellaneous parts list for the Model 196. Devices that are static-sensitive are flagged in the parts list descriptions with the abbreviation SSD. Special handling of these devices is explained in paragraph 6.6.
If an additional instruction manual is required, order the manual package (Keithley Part Number 196-901-00). The manual package contains an instruction manual and any applicable addenda.

7.4 FACTORY SERVICE

If the instrument is to be returned to the factory for service, please complete the service form which follows this section and return it with the instrument.
7.5 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS AND COMPONENT LOCATION DRAWINGS
Schematic diagrams and component location drawings follow the appropriate replaceable parts list for that particular board.

7.3 ORDERING INFORMATION

To place an orde!; or to obtain information concerning replacement parts, contact your Keithley representative or the factory. See inside front cover for addresses. When ordering include the following information:

REPLACEABLE PARTS

Table 7-1. Display Board. Parts List
Circuit Desitt. Keithley Part No.

Cl C2 C3 C4 C5

Capacitor, Capacitor, Capacitor, Capacitor, Capacitor,
1O,.E 25V, Aluminum Electrolytic D.l', 5W D.l', 5W D.l" 50V D.l" 50V
C-314-1D C-365-.1 C-365-.1 C-365-.1 C-365-.1 DD-39 PL-71 CA-27-6 SW-435 IC-206 IC-206 IC-l41 IC-456 IC-456
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