Section 4.8

WATER SAVINGS ACTION PLAN

KIAMA HARBOUR CABINS

4.8 Water Saving Action Plan Kiama Harbour Cabins
Originally referred to as Blowhole Holiday Park, Kiama Harbour Cabins is situated at Blowhole point in Kiama. It consists of twenty cabins in total, split into five onebedroom cabins, eleven two-bedroom cabins, and four three-bedroom cabins. Average length of stay by visitors is 3 nights, and the annual average occupancy rate is about ~ 65%. The Water Savings Action Plan has been developed using this occupancy rate. The entire site is approximately 2 years old following a major redesign and upgrade and change in business between July 2003 and Boxing Day 2004. During this period the park was closed and all of the caravans and camping sites were removed and replaced with cabins. The final cabin was finished during July of 2004.
E:\TPLAN\Publications\Water Savings Action Plan\46. Water Savings Action Plan Section 4.8 Kiama Harbour Cabins Final.doc
4.8.1 Baseline Water Usage Year The baseline water usage data provided in Table 4.8.1 is for the financial year prior to the introduction of level 2 water restrictions (i.e. the 2002/03 financial year). This period was chosen because Council has introduced a number of water saving initiatives across its operations since the introduction of these water restrictions.
Table 4.8.1: Baseline water use for Kiama Harbour Cabins. Baseline year is the 2002 / 03 financial year. Site Name: Kiama Harbour Cabins Organisation Name: Kiama Municipal Council KMC Assessment No.: 4936/5 Meters: # 18278, size = 40 mm Site Description Address Use (e.g. Restaurant, Holiday Park, Golf Course, etc) Sydney Water Account Number/s Baseline Start Date Baseline End Date A = baseline water use per annum (kL) Business Activity Indicator B = Quantity of Site Business Activity Indicator per annum (corrected for variations) Is baseline representative of normal water use YES/NO If NO, description of variation (e.g. restrictions, shutdown, refurbishment etc) Normal Operation Terralong St, Kiama Holiday Park & Restaurant July June 231 Patrons 61,320 YES This data includes 20 cabins + 103 caravan sites. 231 0.13423 kL/patrons/day Between June 2004 and December 2004 the park was closed and reopened with only the 20 cabins. - With variation from Normal Operation

1 July June 985

C = Impact of variation on water use (i.e. variation from normal) kL per year D = A C baseline water use corrected for variation (kL) E = D / B baseline water use key performance indicator (KPI) Baseline KPI Units
4.8.2 Technical Review Synopsis A Walk-Through Water Usage Technical Review1 was conducted at Kiama Harbour Cabins on the 12th of January 2006. The following is a summary of the results of that review. The comprehensive report for the review is outlined in Appendix B-7. Site and Fixture Profile Table 4.8.2 provides a breakdown of water fixtures and devices in each cabin class determined during the Walk-Through Water Usage Technical Review.
Table 4.8.2: Results of water fixture survey Kiama Harbour Cabins. Class Cabin I.D Capacity Water using fixtures numbers (Persons) Sea Breeze 1, 2, 3, 4 & 2 Shower, two person spa/bath, hand basin, (1 Bedroom) 5 toilet, BBQ sink, kitchen sink, clothes washing machine Ocean Breeze 6, 16, 18, showers, 2 hand basin, two person (3 bedroom) 19 spa/bath except cabin 6 which has a bath only, 2 toilets, BBQ sink, kitchen sink, clothes washing machine Moonlit Sands 8, 17, Shower, two person spa/bath, hand basin, (2 bedroom) toilet, BBQ sink, kitchen sink, clothes washing machine Cabins 15 & 21 15, Shower, two person spa/bath, hand basin, (2 bedroom) toilet, BBQ sink, kitchen sink, clothes washing machine Pearl Shells (special Special needs compliant shower, hand basin, needs 2 bedroom) toilet, BBQ sink, kitchen sink, clothes washing machine Crystal Waters (2 10, 11, 12, 6 Shower, two person spa/bath, hand basin, bedroom) 13 & 14 toilet, BBQ sink, kitchen sink, clothes washing machine. Totals 24 showers, 24 hand basins, 18 spa/baths, 1 bath, 40 sinks (BBQ and Kitchen), 24 toilets, 20 clothes washing machines
Current Water Use The following provides information on the patterns of water use at Kiama Harbour Cabins. Table 4.8.3 and Figure 4.8.1 provide a breakdown of water use from different fixtures within the Holiday Park based on the estimated amount of water used. Excluding unaccounted water use, these show that the bulk of the water is being used by the showers and spa / baths. The least amount goes to hand basins and kitchen sinks. Note that cleaning accounts for 11 % of all water used, however most of this (~ 93 % of the 11%) is attributed to running a cleaning cycle for the spa / baths.

see Guidelines for Water Savings Action Plans, DEUS, October 2005, page 14
Table 4.8.3: Estimated water use for each facility at Kiama Harbour Cabins by volume per day. Facility Toilet Hand basin Kitchen basin kL/d 0.8 0.2 0.8 Includes BBQ Sink Comment
Clothes washing machines Shower Spa / Bath Cleaning Unaccounted Total
1.5 3.4 2.3 1.1 3.7 10.0 Includes ~ 0.985 kL/d cleaning spa baths Based on 04/05 financial year (period immediately following conversion to cabins) Not including unaccounted
Water Usage by Fixture and Device
Toilet 6% Unaccounted 26% Hand basin 1% Kitchen basin 6%
Clothes washing machines 11%

Cleaning 8%

Shower 25%

Spa / Bath 17%

Figure 4.8.1: Annual average estimate of water use breakdown by volume for fixtures at Kiama Harbour Cabins. Estimates based on information drawn from Sydney Water Corporation, Kiama Harbour Cabins records and interviews with staff from Kiama Harbour Cabins.
There was unaccounted water use that has been identified and this was estimated by comparing the estimated water use prior to the redevelopment work with the previous financial year (2004/05). The unaccounted water use could be due to a number of reasons, including one or more of the following: Leakage, either from fixtures and/or pipe work under-estimate of use other activities not accounted for Water usage associated with the redevelopment of the park. The unaccounted water use is illustrated in Figure 4.8.1.This is not necessarily related to the high daily water use recorded in Figure 4.8.2.as the difference was derived from two different sources. This is especially the case if the second reason explaining why meter readings were so high is in fact true.
Kiama Harbour Cabins Chart
0 12/8/05 8:10 AM 12/9/05 9:49 AM 12/10/05 8:49 AM 12/6/05 8:30 AM 12/7/05 9:30 AM 12/11/05 9:13 AM 12/12/05 8:45 AM 12/13/05 8:18 AM 12/14/05 9:00 AM 12/15/05 10:00 AM 12/16/05 9:43 AM 12/17/05 8:30 AM 12/18/05 8:04 AM 12/19/05 8:20 AM 12/20/05 8:06 AM 12/21/05 8:42 AM 12/22/05 9:30 AM 12/23/05 10:30 AM 12/24/05 7:20 AM 12/25/05 7:31 AM 12/26/05 7:10 AM 12/27/05 7:46 AM 12/27/05 10:00 AM 12/29/05 8:30 AM 12/30/05 8:30 AM 12/31/05 8:30 AM 1/1/06 7:58 AM 1/2/06 7:11 AM 1/3/06 7:53 AM 1/4/06 7:07 AM 1/5/06 7:26 AM 1/6/06 7:09 AM 1/10/06 7:11 AM 1/11/06 8:23 AM 1/12/06 9:45 AM 1/7/06 7:39 AM 1/8/06 7:52 AM 1/9/06 7:06 AM

Date & Time

Figure 4.8.2: Meter monitoring data from the 23rd of December 2005 to the 15th of January 2006 for the Kiama Harbour Cabins water meter (No.: 18278,). Data intervals are ~ every 12 hours. Due to staffing and OH&S issues, the later part of the data are predominately 24-hour intervals averaged for 12 hours, as indicated by data points separated by horizontal lines.

Estimated water usage (Table 4.8.3) indicates the average daily use of water at approximately 10 kL/day for the entire park. Assuming 100% occupancy, this puts the average water use at approximately 500 L/day for each cabin.
However, based on the water meeting data (Figure 4.8.2), the average daily use of water was 108 kL per day for the entire Holiday Park, or approximately 5400 L/day for each cabin. This figure is excessive and cannot be explained by leakage alone. While the meter monitoring period occurred in one of the busiest times of the year, this figure of 5400 L/day/cabin seems excessively high, and may be explained by one or both of the following: 1. There is a leak somewhere in the Kiama Harbour Cabins water supply reticulation system, and/or 2. the suspicion that the water meter registers water use before it splits off to two other locations (i.e. the Fish Market and Tourist Information Centre/Restaurant) is correct It will be necessary to liaise with Sydney Water Corporation in order to determine what this meter actually measures. This will then allow future water monitoring programs to be undertaken with confidence. Water Using Facilities and Fixtures All fixtures are no more than 2 years old due to the recent changes to the Park. Camping and caravan sites were removed and were replaced by cabins. On Boxing Day of 2004, 12 Cabins were made available to the public. After Easter of the following year a further 3 were made available, and the final five were opened during July. Water efficient fixtures, devices and designs were integrated into the design and redevelopment of the park. This includes the following: All gardens were designed to be drought resistant and are not irrigated. All taps fitted with Aqua Lock flow inhibitors and aerators All showers fitted with water efficient showerheads and Aqua Lock flow inhibitors. There are no dishwashers on site in any of the buildings. This policy was chosen as these devices have, in the past, been found to be prone to misuse leading to high maintenance costs. All taps in cabins and managers residence have been fitted with aerators and flow restriction. Outside taps occur on almost all cabins. Discussions with the park manager reveal that they are almost never used. These taps have standard garden tap handles and hence are prone to unauthorized use. If this is an issue within the Park, these handles could be removed or keyed.

Toilets WSAA rating = 3A All toilets are 3/6 L dual flush systems (Figure 4.8.3). These systems are consistent with Sydney Water Corporation water conservation recommendations.
Figure 4.8.3: Typical 3/6 dual flush toilet used at Kiama Harbour Cabins
Hand basins Aim flow rate = 6 L/minute. Actual flow rate ~ 6 L/minute. WSAA = 2A All hand basins have been fitted with flow restriction (Aqualoc washers) and aerators producing a flow rate of ~ 6 L/minute in each cabin (Figure 4.8.4). Based on information from Sydney Water Corporation, these basins are of acceptable water efficiency standard.
Figure 4.8.4: Typical hand basin found in all Cabins at Kiama Harbour Cabins
Kitchen Basins Actual flow rate ~ 7 L/minute WSAA rating = 4A Kitchen basins include sinks in the cabin and those next to the BBQs of the verandas of each cabin (Figure 4.8.5). While all have been fitted with flow restriction and aeration, these units still produce a flow rate slightly above Sydney Water Corporations recommended flow rate. However, the difference is small and, based on Table 4.8.3 and Figure 4.8.1; these basins do not significantly impact on the overall water use at this site.
Figure 4.8.5: Typical kitchen and BBQ basin and taps found each cabin at Kiama Harbour Cabins
Clothes Washing Machines Aim WSAA efficiency rating: 3A (More than 15.0 but not more than 22.0 L/kg of bone dry load) Actual efficiency WSAA efficiency rating: 4A (More than 9.0 but not more than 15.0 of bone dry load). Clothes washing machines used are 6.0 kg LT 6o8S Complete Care Westinghouse units (Figure 4.8.6). The 4A WSAA rating indicates a high water efficiency rating, placing well within acceptable water consumption levels.
Figure 4.8.6: Typical washing machine used in each cabin. Note the blue drop shaped water efficiency sticker stating a 4 Star rating
Shower Aim flow rate = 7 L/minute. Actual flow rate ~ 9 L/minute WSAA rating: 3A (More than 7.5 but not more than 9.0) These, showers have been fitted with flow restriction and water efficient shower -heads (Figure 4.8.7). While the flow rate is slightly above the aim, consideration must be given to the quality of service provided by the Kiama Harbour Cabins, the cost effectiveness of reducing the flow rate, and the fact that 9 L/min is still a reasonably good flow rate for showers.

Figure 4.8.7: Typical shower-head used in each cabin at Kiama Harbour Cabins.
Spa / Baths While spa baths (Figure 4.8.8) are used less often than the showers, the amount of water used is significantly higher than the showers per use. The end result is that these fixtures use almost as much water as the showers. Despite their high proportional water use on this site, little can be done to reduce their consumption, as the amount used is dependent on the size of the bath rather than the flow rate of the taps. Further, the presence of these units is essential to the accommodation rating of these cabins.
Figure 4.8.8: Spa / Bath in cabin 3. These units do vary between cabins according to their class.
Cleaning On average, 35 cabins are cleaned every week. This process involves 1-2 buckets of water per cabin (~ 6 L in each) and the filling of the spa or spa bath for each cabin. One of the cabins has no bath or spa, nine have 2 person spas and 10 have 1 person spa/baths. As an estimated average, of the cabins cleaned also require dishes to be washed in cabins kitchen sink (~ 9L per wash). An estimated average of 5 cabins require the veranda to be scrubbed, sprayed and hosed (~ 3 minutes of hosing each) per week. Toilets are flushed once using full flush after cleaning. 4.8.3 Water Savings Initiatives Implemented in the Past Five Years The refurbishment of Kiama Harbour Cabins has seen the incorporation of a number of water saving initiatives. These are provided in Table 4.8.4 below and have resulted in an ~ 40% reduction in water use at the site since the baseline year.
Table 4.8.4: Water savings initiatives implemented at Kiama Harbour Cabins over the past 5 years including cost estimates. Initiative No. of Units Instillation Date Cost (A$) Total Cost (A$) (including instillation were applicable) ~ $7175.00 ~ $1660.00 ~ $10,560
Aqualoc washers fitted to all taps Aerators fitted to all basin and sink spouts Purchase of 3/6 dual flush toilets in all cabins Purchase of 4A rated 6.0 kg LT608S Complete Care Westinghouse clothes washing machines Water efficient cleaning regime Drought resistant gardens requiring no watering End to the practice of hosing down outside of cabins
Between July 2003 and July 2004 Between July 2003 and July 2004 Between July 2003 and July 2004 Between July 2003 and July 2004
~ $41.00 per unit ~ $20.00 per unit ~ $400.00 per unit ~ $700.00 per unit

~ $15, 792

N/A 20
January 2004 Between July 2003 and July 2004 June 2004

0 ~ 1,000 per cabin N/A

0 ~ 20,000
4.8.4 Action Plan Kiama Harbour Cabins have been designed according to a high level of water efficiency. Further, based on discussions with management and staff, work practices and attitudes do account for and incorporate water conservation. Table 4.8.5 offer further recommendations for future actions to further improve water conservation at Kiama Harbour Cabins
Table 4.8.5: Water Saving Measures recommendations for Kiama Harbour Cabins. Water savings per year and costs to implement are estimates only based on information available at the time of the walk-through technical review. It is recommended that water savings and cost of implementation be reviewed when developing detailed plans for the larger projects. Note that successful completion of projects is subject to both internal and external funding availability. Cost effective projects are those having a positive Estimate of Return (assumes inflation = 3%2, cost of water = $1.013 per kL3). Project No. 1. 2. Measure description Responsibility Cost to implement $42,200 Savings (kL / year) a maximum of 2640 Difficult to quantify due to confusion surrounding water meter. Could be as high as 1351 Estimate of return over 10 years (based on NPV using DCF value) - 46 % + 1208 % Time Required Planned completion date December 2009
Installation of 2000 L water tanks to each cabin to supply toilets, showers, baths and clothes washing machines Eliminate base flow (leaks) by: a. Purchase an automatic data logger to measure water consumption form existing site water meter. This will help identify water use patterns and determine base flows, allowing anomalies and hidden leaks to be quickly identified
Business Manager, Holiday Parks Manager Environment and Health / Business Manager Holiday Parks

3 years

~ $93 (cost of two data loggers between 11 sites)

3 months

July 2006 (purchase of one data logger for trial use) then monitoring ongoing
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, April 2006 Source: Sydney Water Corporation, December 2005

Project No.

Measure description

Responsibility

Cost to implement 0

Savings (kL / year)

b. Business Manager to check quarterly water bills and trend consumption and cost relative to previous bills. Anomalies to be identified and solved ASAP with assistance from Park Manager c Develop and install signage at all water use points requesting patrons use water wisely and report leaks to reception desk d. Develop and implement regular auditing and maintenance protocols for cabin fixtures and devices regarding leakage and serviceability (i.e. ease of operation) Incorporate purchasing policy into existing Holiday Parks Policies and Procedures document that requires Parks to replace existing water fixtures and devices (from flow control through to washing machines) as they expire with those that meet contemporary Sydney Water Corporation water efficiency recommendations or better. Investigate possibility of reliably identifying when spa/baths have been used. This will reduce the need to run spa/bath cleaning cycles (these cycles can account for ~ 90% of the water used to clean cabins).

Business Manager Holiday Parks / Park manager Business Manager, Holiday Parks Business Manager
Estimate of return over 10 years (based on NPV using DCF value)

Time Required

Planned completion date Commence July 2006 then ongoing
$800 (2 per cabin at $20 each) 0

January 2007

January 2007 then ongoing
Business Manager Holiday Parks
Difficult to quantify. Depends on future regulation and available technology

July 2006 then ongoing

Park Manager

Depends on solution

~ 143 (assuming spa cleaning is reduced by 40%)

4 months

August 2007

Project No. 5.

Savings (kL / year) N/A
Business Manager to report on water consumption performance at manager meetings and as separate line in budget. Park managers to be consulted on water conservation at their site and to raise concerns and ideas regarding this topic in these meetings.
Estimate of return over 10 years (based on NPV using DCF value) N/A
Planned completion date October 2006 then ongoing

Section 4.8 Appendix B-7

WATER USAGE WALK THROUGH
Prepared by Kiama Municipal Council

TECHNICAL REVIEW

Water Walk-Through Technical Review
Review Date: 12th of Janaury, 2006 Time: 02:00 04:00 Participants: Andrew Thomas Kiama Council Environment Officer Margaret Byrne Manager, Kiama Harbour Cabins Meter Number: 18278 Meter Size: 40 MM Opening Hours: 24 hours, 7 Days, all year Operating Hours: as above Staff numbers: Manager + 5 staff / day

SITE DESCRIPTION

Originally referred to as Blowhole Holiday Park, Kiama Harbour Cabins is situated at Blowhole point in Kiama. It consists of five one-bedroom cabins, eleven twobedroom cabins, and four three-bedroom cabins. Average length of stay is 3 nights, and the annual average occupancy ~ 65%. The entire site is approximately 2 years old following a major overhaul and change in business between July 2003 and Boxing Day 2004. During this overall, all caravan and camping sites were removed and replaced with cabins. The park remained closed during this period. The final cabin was finished during July of 2004 Water Using Facilities and Devices All facilities are no more than 2 years old due to the recent changes to the Park. Camping and caravan sites were removed and were replaced by cabins. On Boxing Day of 2004, 12 Cabins were made available to the public. After Easter of the same year a further 3 were made available, and the final five were opened during July. Water efficient fittings devices and designs were integrated into the design of the new park. This includes the following: All gardens were designed to be drought resistant and are not irrigated. All taps fitted with Aqua Lock flow inhibitors and aerators All showers fitted with water efficient showerheads and Aqua Lock flow inhibitors. No dishwashers on site in any of the buildings. This policy was chosen to save on water and reduce maintenance costs associated with use / abuse of these items. All taps in cabins and managers residence have been fitted with aerators and flow restriction

12th January, 2006

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Outside taps occur on almost all cabins. Discussions with the park manager reveal that they are almost never used. To prevent unauthorised use, they should be secured (remove or make the valve handle lockable)

SITE REVIEW

Office and Managers Residence The park office is located in the managers residence. There is presently only one full time occupant in the managers residence (i.e. the manager). There is no other permanent residence. Office W/C This facility is at present never used and is being used as storm room Toilet o 3/6 dual flush Hand Basin o 2 taps hot and cold o Flow rate = ~ 9 L/min for each tap o No aerator present and tap lacks internal threading for fitting such a device

Office toilet hand basin

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Kitchen Sink o Aerator fitted o 7.5 L/min but I suspect that this reading is high due to presence of air bubbles o Used approximately 3 times per day
Managers residence, kitchen sink.
Laundry Washing m/c o 8.5 kg Fuzzy Logic, LG WF-T855A o This product is rated 4A (of a possible five) A very high level of water efficiency by the Water Services Association of Australia. (915L / kg of dry load) o Used approximately 3 times daily to do Parks rags, tea towels and pillowcases. The rest of the washing (e.g. linen and bath towels) is contracted out. This laundry has no basin, being situated in a cupboard

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Washing m/c, Managers residence
Bathroom 1 Hand basin with separate hot and cold separate taps o Aerator fitted o Flow rate = ~ 5.5 L/min
Hand basin, bathroom, managers residence Bath o No flow control seems to be fitted, however given that water consumption is governed by volume of bath and not flow rate, this is not an issue o Flow rate ~ 7 L/min Shower o Triple A head fitted o ~ 9 L/min
Managers Residence shower head.

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Toilet Dual flush 3/6 L
Toilet, bathroom, managers residence

CABINS

One-Bedroom Cabins Kiama Harbour Cabins has five one-bedroom cabins built according to the same basic design. Outside BBQ Area 1 kitchen sink o Fitted with aerator o Flow rate = ~ 8 L/min however, due to the presence of an aerator, this is probably an overestimation

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BBQ Area kitchen sink (Cabin 3) Laundry Washing m/c o 6.0 kg LT 6085 Complete Care Westinghouse washing m/c o This product is rated 4A (of a possible five) A very high level of water efficiency by the Water Services Association of Australia. (915L / kg of dry load)

Washing m/c, cabin 3 No laundry sink.

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Kitchen Sink o Aerator fitted o Flow rate ~ 8 L/min
Kitchen sink (cabin 3) Bathroom Bath / Spa o Aerator fitted (this is note necessary as volume rather than flow rate is the primary issue for baths)
Bath / Spa (Cabin 3) Hand basin o Aerator fitted (so no flow rate taken)

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Hand basin (Cabin 3) Shower o According to staff, all shower heads are AAA rated o Flow rate ~ 9 L/min
Showerhead (Cabin 3). Toilet 3/6 L Dual Flush toilet
3/6 L Dual flush toilet (Cabin 3)

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Two-Bedroom Cabins Kiama Harbour Cabins has ten two-bedroom holiday cabins. The design of the twobedroom cabins with regard to water appliances and fittings are the same as those for the one-bedroom cabins. Recommendations for improving the water efficiency of these cabins are the same as those described for the one-bedroom cabins. Two-Bedroom Cabins Special Needs The design of the two-bedroom cabins with regard to water appliances and fittings are the same as those for the one-bedroom cabins with the following exceptions: Special needs compliant shower Special needs compliant toilet Special needs compliant hand basin According to the Park Manager, these special needs facilities have been built to high water efficiency standards, including a 3/6 dual flush toilet, water efficient shower heads, and flow restrictors for all shower and taps. No further improvements for these facilities are recommended. Further recommendations for improving water efficiency of these cabins for the remaining facilities and appliances are the same as those described for the onebedroom cabins Three-Bedroom Cabins There are four such cabins. Each has a similar set up to the 1 and 2 Bedroom Cabins with respect to water facilities with the exception of an additional ensuite. Each ensuite has a shower, toilet and hand basin. The type and design of these extra facilities are the same as those used in the bathrooms of all the other cabins. Recommendations for improving water efficiency for the three-bedroom cabins are the same as those recommended for the one-bedroom cabins. Cabin Cleaning On average, 35 cabins are cleaned every week. This process involves 1-2 buckets of water per cabin (~ 6 L in each) and the filling of the spa or spa bath for each cabin. One of the cabins has no bath or spa, nine have 2 person spas and 10 have 1 person spa/baths. As an estimated average, of the cabins cleaned also require dishes to be washed in cabins kitchen sink (~ 9L per wash). An estimated average of 5 cabins require the veranda to be scrubbed, sprayed and hosed (~ 3 minutes of hosing each) per week. Toilets are flushed once on full flush after cleaning.

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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Office The office W/C toilet requires no change. The taps in the hand basin could be replaced to allow the fitting of aerators, however this will not produce substantial savings as this W/|C is rarely used The Kitchen sink tap has already been fitted with an aerator and flow restriction. No improvements recommended. No improvements are recommended for the washing m/c. The only recommendation is to ensure that purchasing policies ensure that when a clothes washing machine expires, that it be replaced by a model of similar water efficiency standard Cabins More efficient showerheads than those presently installed do exist (e.g. the unit in the photograph below achieves ~ 5.5 L/min). However, this recommendation is made with caution, as the more efficient heads may reduce customer satisfaction regarding the quality of the cabin showers.

Example of a highly efficient showerhead. This particular unit achieves approximately 5.5 L/min. According to the Holiday Parks manager, all showerheads have been fitted with flow restriction. This being so, no further improvements are necessary other than confirming their presence. Toilets are all 3/6 Dual flush for all cabins, hence no improvements are necessary (2/4 Dual flush systems are available, however advice from Sydney Water1 indicates that these systems are impractical as they offer an inadequate flush) The clothes washer could be improved to a 5A rated system when the existing models expire if such machines exists, however the existing models are still
Fernando Ortega, Project Officer, Water Conservation and Recycling, Sydney Water Corporation 10 of 11
very efficient. It should be written into the Parks purchasing policy that clothes washing machines of the same or better water efficiency rating should be purchased when existing units eventually expire.
People / Behavioural / Communication Utilize staff experience by encouraging them to look for opportunities to increasing water efficiency in areas by improving and / or changing work procedures, Communicate water conservation plans and progress in staff meetings. Commitment to a minimum turn over between the report and repair of leaks, using visual tools such as charts and graphs to highlight performance Incorporate water conservation policies and procedures into employee training programs Provide incentives by linking water conservation measures to staff performance reviews Place signs in cabins expressing Parks commitment to wise water use, and contact details in order to report leaks. Policy and Procedures If a purchasing policy does not yet exist, it is recommended that one be drawn up to ensure that all future purchased fittings and appliances maintain the present standard of water efficiency as a minimum. Check water bills quarterly. Assess for any anomalies, take appropriate and prompt action to rectify excessive use were possible, and report on reasons in budget. Water performance to be summarized and reported at Council budget meetings and reported in Councils SoE report. Metering and Monitoring Set up regular recording of water use data that allows water use patterns to be assessed between day and night, weekends and weekdays, and different times of the year. An automatic data logger can be purchased at a cost of $500 that could be used at this and other sites for this purpose1 Alternate Water Sources and their Application Installation of 3000L tanks per two cabins at a cost of ~ $3,000 each. These could be used for irrigation and washing down cabins. Potential to use these tanks for washing cloths, baths, showers and toilets also needs to be investigated (quoted cost does not include these uses).

See H:\Andrewt\Word\Water Savings Action Plans\ Water data logger.pdf 11 of 11