One EtherFast 10/100 1-Port Cable/DSL Router One Power Adapter One User Guide and Registration Card One Tech Helper CD-ROM
Network Requirements One RJ-45 broadband Internet connection through a cable or DSL modem One PC with a 10/100 Mbps Ethernet card or adapter installed TCP/IP network protocol installed on each PC UTP CAT 5 network cables with RJ-45 connectors Internet Explorer 4.0 and higher or Netscape Navigator 4.0 and higher (Version 5.5 for Internet Explorer and Version 4.7 for Netscape Navigator highly recommended for optimal results)

*Limited IPSec Support

Package Contents for the 3-Port Router (BEFSRU31)
Package Contents for the 4-Port Router (BEFSR41)
One EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with USB Port & 10/100 3-Port Switch One USB Cable One 3.5 Floppy Disk for USB Setup One Power Adapter One User Guide and Registration Card One Tech Helper CD-ROM Network Requirements One RJ-45 broadband Internet connection through a cable or DSL modem One PC with a 10/100 Mbps Ethernet card or adapter installed, or a PC with a USB port TCP/IP network protocol installed on each PC UTP CAT 5 network cables with RJ-45 connectors Internet Explorer 4.0 and higher or Netscape Navigator 4.0 and higher (Version 5.5 for Internet Explorer and Version 4.7 for Netscape Navigator highly recommended for optimal results)
One EtherFast Cable/DSL Router with 10/100 4-Port Switch One Power Adapter One User Guide and Registration Card One Tech Helper CD-ROM
Network Requirements One RJ-45 broadband Internet connection through a cable or DSL modem One PC with a 10Mbps or 10/100 Mbps Ethernet card or adapter installed TCP/IP network protocol installed on each PC UTP CAT 5 network cables with RJ-45 connectors Internet Explorer 4.0 and higher or Netscape Navigator 4.0 and higher (Version 5.5 for Internet Explorer and Version 4.7 for Netscape Navigator highly recommended for optimal results)
4-Port Routers Front Panel LEDs
Getting to Know the 4-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router
The 4-Port Routers Rear Panel Your Routers ports, where network cables are connected, are located on the rear panel of your Router.
The LAN Indicators Power Green. The Power LED lights up when the Router is powered on. Green. The Link/Act LED serves two purposes. If the LED is continuously lit up, the Router is successfully connected to a device through the corresponding port (1, 2, 3 or 4). If the LED is flickering, the Router is actively sending or receiving data over that port. Green. The Full/Col LED also serves two purposes. If this LED is lit up continuously, the connection made through the corresponding port is running in Full Duplex mode. If the LED flickers, the connection is experiencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal. If this LED flickers too often, there may be a problem with your connection. See the Troubleshooting section if you encounter this problem. 100 Orange. The 100 LED lights up when a successful 100Mbps connection is made through the corresponding port. If this LED does not light up, then your connection speed is 10 Mbps.

Link/Act

The 4-Port Routers Ports WAN Ports 1-4 The WAN (Wide Area Network) port is where you connect your cable or DSL modem. These four LAN (Local Area Network) ports connect to network devices, such as PCs, print servers, and remote hard drives. If port 1 is being used, the Uplink port will not work because these two shared ports have internally shared wiring. The Uplink port is used to expand your network by connecting to another switch or hub. Uplinking to a switch or a hub is done by simply running a cable from the Uplink port to the other device. See the Uplinking: Connecting More Devices to the Router section for more on uplinking. If the Uplink port is being used, Port 1 will not work. Power The Power port is where you will connect the power adapter. Full/Col

Uplink

The WAN Indicators Link Green. The Link LED lights up when a successful connection is made between the Router and your broadband device or network. Green. The Act LED flickers when the Router is sending or receiving data over the broadband WAN port (to the Internet). Red. The Diag LED lights up when the Router goes through its self-diagnosis mode during every boot-up. It will turn off upon successful completion of the diagnosis. If this LED stays on for an abnormally long period of time, see the Troubleshooting section.
Getting to Know the 1-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router
The One-Port Routers Rear Panel The rear panel of the Router is where all of the Routers cabling connections are made, and where you can reset or configure the Routers LAN port.
The Reset Button* The Reset button can be used in one of two ways. 1. If your Router is having problems connecting to the Internet, press the Reset button for just a moment with a paper clip or a pencil tip. This clears up any jammed connections, and is similar to pressing the Reset button on your PC to reboot it. 2. If you are experiencing extreme problems with your Router and have tried all other troubleshooting measures, press the Reset Button and hold it down until the red Diag LED on the front panel turns on and off completely. This will restore factory defaults and clear all of the Routers settings, including the IP addresses you entered.
* The Reset Button is located on the front panel of the 4-Port Router, and the rear panel of the 3Port Router and the 1-Port Router.
The One-Port Routers Ports WAN The WAN (Wide Area Network) port is where you connect your cable or DSL modem. The LAN (Local Area Network) port is where you connect your Router to a PC, hub, or switch. If you have more than one PC, connect an Ethernet hub or switch to your Router, then connect your PCs to that hub or switch. The Power port is where you will connect the power adapter.
Buttons & Switches The Reset Button Details on the Reset button are found in the Getting to Know the 4-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router section.

Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up 1. Before you begin, make sure that all of your hardware is powered off, including your Router, PCs, hubs, switches, and the cable or DSL modem. 2. A. If you have the 4-Port Cable/DSL Router, connect one end of a network cable to one of the LAN ports (labeled 1, 2, 3, or 4) on the back of the Router, and the other end into a standard port on a network device, e.g., a PC, print server, hub, or switch. See the Twisted-Pair Cabling section for details on network cabling. A standard port is any port other than the WAN port and the Uplink port. Its a straight-through port. Repeat the above step to connect more PCs or network devices to the Router. 2. B. If you are connecting the 1-Port Router to just one PC, plug one end of a network cable into the Routers LAN port and the other end into the PCs network adapter port. Set the Crossover Switch to crossover mode (X). If the crossover mode does not light up a Link LED, see the chart in the Getting to Know the 1-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router section. If you are connecting the 1-Port Router to a hub or switch, plug one end of a network cable into the Routers LAN port, and the other end into to a standard port on your networks hub or switch. Set the LAN ports Crossover Switch to its straight-through (II) mode. Please refer to the chart in the Getting to Know the 1-Port EtherFast Cable/DSL Router section. If your hub or switch has no more standard ports available, connect the Router using its LAN port to the Uplink port on the hub or switch. Set the Crossover Switch to straight-through mode (II) for this set-up. 2. C. If you have the 3-Port Cable/DSL Router, connect one end of a network cable from the one of the Routers LAN ports (labeled 1, 2, or 3) to a port on a PC, hub, switch, or other network device. The 3-Port Router features one USB plug-and-play port that connects instantly to any USB-ready PC or hub. This allows you to connect to and access your Router without even installing any network cards.
Even if you assign a static IP address to a PC, other PCs can still use DHCPs dynamic IP addressing, as long as the static IP is not within DHCP range of the LAN IP Address. If the dynamic IP addressing fails to provide a dynamic IP address for any reason, please refer to the Troubleshooting Section.
3. Connect the network cable from your cable or DSL modem to the WAN port on your Routers rear panel. This is the only port that will work for your modem connection. 4. Connect the power adapter to the Power port on the rear panel of the Router, then plug the power adapter into a power outlet.
Uplinking: Connecting More Devices to Your Router If your Routers LAN ports are all full and you still have PCs and/or devices to connect, connect a hub or a switch to your Router. To do so, use the Routers Uplink port to connect to a standard port on a hub or switch. If you have a PC/device connected to the port right next to the Uplink port (on the 3- and 4-Port Routers), disconnect that PC/device and plug it into an open port on the new hub or switch. Since the Uplink port shares internal wiring with the port right next to it, you can only use only one of these two ports at a time: these ports are called shared ports. If your new hub or switch also has an Uplink port, it too can be uplinked when you next run out of ports, and so on. Use the Routers Uplink port to connect to a standard port on a hub or switch. This leaves you with new, open ports on the hub or switch, to which you can add more PCs and/or network devices. See your nearest Linksys retailer or visit www.linksys.com for complete product lines of 10/100 Mbps hubs and switches.

Note: It is highly recommended that you plug your Router into a power strip with surge protection.
The Power LED on the front panel will light up green as soon as the power adapter is connected properly. The Diag LED will light up red for a few seconds when the Router goes through its self-diagnostic test. This LED will turn off when the self-test is complete. 5. Power on the cable or DSL modem. 6. Press the Reset button on the Routers front panel with a paper clip or a pencil. Hold the button in until the Diag LED lights up and then turns off. This will restore the Routers factory default settings. Technical Checkpoint: Did you remember to check for Link LEDs for all your connections? If all of your Link LEDs are not lighting up, make sure that all your cables are securely plugged in, and that all of your hardware is powered on properly.
The Routers hardware installation is now complete! Continue with the next section to configure the Router with your PCs.
3. Select Search for the best driver for your device (Recommended). Click the Next button.
Configuring the BEFSRU31s USB Port
Use the enclosed USB cable to connect your PC to the Router: the Type A end connects to your PCs USB port, while Type B connects to the Routers USB port. Now that all of your Routers hardware is connected together, you must enable the PC that will connect to the Router through its USB port. Since your USB connection acts as a network adapter for your PC, theres no need for you to install a network adapter for that PC. Just follow the directions below to enable your PCs USB connection to the Router: If you are running Windows 98, continue on this page, below. For other Windows operating systems, please refer to the apropriate section as listed in the Table of Contents. After you finish this configuration, make sure that TCP/IP is installed on your PC(s). For instructions on installing TCP/IP, see the Installing the TCP/IP Protocol section in the Appendix. You can also connect your Routers USB port to other USB devices besides USB-ready PCs, such as USB hubs. USB Configuration for Windows 98 1. With the router connected to your PCs USB port, start up your PC in Windows 98 and insert the driver diskette. 2. Windows will display a message saying that it has detected new hardware. Click the Next button.
4. Select Floppy disk drives and click the Next button to start the search for your driver.
5. A new window will appear, saying that Windows is now ready to install the best driver for this device. Click the Next button to continue.
7. Windows will notify you that it has completed copying the driver files to your PC. Click the Finish button.
6. Windows will begin copying the files to your PC. Do not click the Cancel button or press the Esc key during this process. If Windows asks for your Windows operating system files before copying, direct your PC to the location of those files, e.g, c:\windows\options\cabs, or D:\Win98 (assuming that your CD-ROM drive is named D).

The Cable/DSL Routers Web-based Utility
Quick & Easy Router Administration The EtherFast Cable/DSL Router uses a web browser-based administrative Utility that is programmed into a chipset. All administrative tasks for the Router are performed through this Setup Utility. The Utility can be accessed through any PC on the network by typing http://192.168.1.1 into the web browsers Address field (even if that PC does not yet have Internet access), shown below.
After entering the address value into the web browser, a password request page will pop up as shown below. Leave the User Name field blank and type admin into the Password field. Then click the OK button.
In this section, youll find brief descriptions of each web page in the Utility and each pages key functions. More detailed explanations and instructions can be found by clicking each pages Help button in your Routers Setup Utility. To apply any of the settings you change on a page, click the Apply button, and then click the Continue button. To clear any values youve entered on any page, click the Cancel button.
WAN IP Address This is the IP address that your Router has, when seen from the external WAN, or the Internet. Subnet Mask This is the Routers Subnet Mask, as seen by external users on the Internet (including your ISP). If you select Obtain an IP address automatically, your ISP will assign these values. Default Gateway Address Your ISP will provide you with the Default Gateway IP Address. If you select Obtain an IP address automatically, your ISP will assign these values.
Note: The Setup page in this picture may differ slightly from the one you see.
DNS (Domain Name Server) IP Address Your ISP will provide you with at least one DNS Server IP Address. If you select Obtain an IP address automatically, these values will be assigned by your ISP. You can check whether the values you entered for the above settings are correct by testing your Internet access. PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) Some DSL-based ISPs use PPPoE to establish communications with their end-users. If you are using a DSL line, check with your ISP to see if they use PPPoE. If they do use PPPoE, you must enable it. To enable PPPoE: 1. Click on the PPPoE option in the Login section of the Setup screen. 2. Enter the User Name you use to log on to your Internet connection. 3. Enter your corresponding Password.

WAN These fields display the WAN IP Address, WAN Subnet Mask and WAN Default Gateway IP address of the Router, as seen by external users on the Internet. The DNS (Domain Name System) IP Address fields show the IP address(es) of the DNS currently used by the Router. Multiple DNS IP settings are common. In most cases, the first available DNS entry is used. DHCP Clients Table This table lists the PCs that were given IP addresses by the Router. DHCP
not be greater than 253. In order to determine the DHCP IP Address range, add the starting IP address (e.g. 100) to the number of DHCP users. By default as shown, add 100 to 50, and the range is 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.150. DHCP Clients Table Click on the DHCP Clients Table button to show the current DHCP Client data. (This data is stored in temporary memory and changes periodically). Logging
The Log feature provides you with a log of all incoming and outgoing URLs or IP addresses for your Internet connection. The Logviewer keeps track of all incoming and outgoing activity that can be saved in a text file. The IP address points to the location where Logviewer is running. A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server automatically assigns IP addresses to each PC on your network for you. Unless you already have one, it is highly recommended that you leave your Router enabled as a DHCP server. DHCP Server DHCP is already enabled by factory default. If you already have a DHCP server on your network, set the Router's DHCP option to Disable and click the Apply button, then the Continue button. If you disable DHCP, remember to assign a static IP address to your Router. Starting IP Address Enter a value for the DHCP server to start with when issuing IP addresses. This value must be (192.168.1. 2) or greater, because the default IP address for your Router is 192.168.1.1. Number of DHCP Users (Optional) Enter the maximum number of PCs that you want the DHCP server to assign IP addresses to. This number can41
Outgoing Access Log lists all the URLS or IP addresses of Internet sites that users on your network have accessed, and Incoming Access Log gives you a log of all incoming Internet traffic. This data can also be accessed by other network users if the file is shared out. 1. To activate logging, select Enable next to "Access Log." 2. Specify the IP address of the PC that you want to send the log to. Make sure that this PC is using a static IP address. Click the Apply button and then the Continue button when you're done. You may download the Logviewer software at www.linksys.com for more information. 3. Click on Outgoing Access Log or Incoming Access Log to view each log. 4. To disable Logging, select Disable in the Log window, then click the Apply button and the Continue button.

3. Enter the incoming port range used by the application. 4. Click the Apply button to continue.

Dynamic Routing

Static Routing
With Dynamic Routing, you can automatically adjust to physical changes in the network's layout. The Router, using the RIP protocol, calculates the most efficient route for the networks data packets to travel between the source and the destination, based upon the shortest paths. The RIP protocol regularly broadcasts routing information to other routers on the network. To set up dynamic routing: 1. Select the correct working mode. Gateway Mode should be used if your Router is hosting your network's connection to the Internet. Router Mode should be selected if the Router exists on a network with other routers. 2. Select the protocol (TX) by which you transmit data on the network. 3. Select the protocol (RX) by which the Router receives network data. 4. Click the Apply button to save your changes. Static Rou If your Cable/DSL Router is connected to more than one network, you may have to set up a static route between the two networks. A static route is a predetermined pathway that network data packets must travel to reach a specific host or network. Click the Show Routing Table button to view the current static routing configuration. To create a static route entry:
1. Select Static Route Entry from the drop-down list. The Cable/DSL Router supports up to 20 static route entries. 2. Enter the following data to create a static route: Destination LAN IP The Destination LAN IP address is the Address of the remote network or host to which you want to assign a static route. Enter the IP address of the host for which you wish to create a static route here. If you are establishing a route to an entire network, be sure that the network portion of the IP address is set to zero (0). For example, the Routers standard IP address is 192.168.1.1. Based on this address, the address of the network to which the Router is connected is 192.168.1, with the last digit (1, in this case) determining the Routers place on the network. Therefore, you would enter the IP address 192.168.1.0 if you wanted to route to the Routers entire network, rather than to just the Router. Subnet Mask The Subnet Mask (also called the Network Mask) determines which portion of an IP address is the network portion and which portion is the host portion. In the example above, the Network Mask is 255.255.255.0. This determines (by using the values 255) that the first three numbers of an network IP address identify this particular network, while the last digit (from 1 to 254) would identify the specific host. Default Gateway This IP address must be the IP address of the gateway device that allows for contact between the Router and the remote network or host. Hop Count This value gives the number of nodes that a data packet passes through before reaching its destination. A node is any device on the network, such as switches, PCs, etc. Interface Interface tells you whether your network is on the LAN or the WAN, or the Internet. If youre connecting to a sub- network, select LAN. If youre connecting to another network through the Internet, select WAN. 3. Click the Apply button to save your changes.

DMZ Hosting

The DMZ Hosting feature allows one local user to be exposed to the Internet to use a special-purpose service such as Internet gaming and video-conferencing. Whereas IP Forwarding can only forward a maximum of 10 ranges of ports, DMZ hosting forwards all the ports for one PC simultaneously. To expose one PC, enter the computers IP address and click the Apply button. Deactivate DMZ by entering a zero (0) in the field and clicking the Apply button.

MAC Address Clone

Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions This section provides possible solutions to problems regarding the installation and operation of the Cable/DSL Router. Read below description to solve your problems. If you cant find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com. 1. I cant connect to the Cable/DSL Router. Check to see that the Cable/DSL Router is properly installed, the LAN connections are OK (Link LEDs should be on), and it is powered ON. Make sure that your PC and the Router are on the same network segment. If you are not sure, initiate the DHCP function and let the PC get the IP address automatically. Make sure that your PC is using an IP address between 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.254 and thus compatible with the Cable/DSL Router default IP address of 192.168.1.1. Also, the Subnet Mask must be set to 255.255.255.0 to match the Cable/DSL Routers Subnet Mask. You can check these settings for the Router by going to Start and Run, then type in winipcfg and press Enter. 2. The Diag LED stays lit when it should not be lit. The Diag LED lights up when the Router is first powered up. Meantime, the system will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After finishing the checking procedure, the LED turns off to show the system is working fine. If the LED remains lit after this time, the device is not working properly. Try to re-flash the firmware by assigning a static IP address to the computer, then upgrade the firmware again. For example, on one PC, use the following IP settings: IP Adress: 192.168.1.50, Subnet: 255.255.255.0, Gateway: 192.168.1.1. If that doesnt help, contact your dealer for more information. 3. I cant browse through the Cable/DSL Router. Check if both ends of the network cable and power adapter are properly connected. Check if the status LEDs on the front panel are functioning properly. If using Windows 95 or Windows 98, check the TCP/IP setup on the client side. Run "winipcfg" by clicking on the Start button, then selecting Run. The PC should have an IP address of 192.168.1.xxx ("xxx" is from 2 to 254.) Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0, the default gateway IP should be the Routers IP Address, and DNS (in "More".)
Note: This is a sample screen. Please enter the MAC Address for your Network Card/Adapter into this field.

Frequently Asked Questions How many IP addresses can the Cable/DSL Router support? The Router supports a maximum of 253 IP addresses. Is IPSec Pass-Thru supported by the EtherFast Cable/DSL Router? Yes, it is a builtin feature that the Router automatically enables. Where is the Cable/DSL Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the Router is installed between the Cable/DSL Modem and the LAN. Plug the Cable/DSL Router into the cable or DSL modem's Ethernet port. Does the Cable/DSL Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol standard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications. IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used from LAN to LAN connections, but those protocols cannot connect from WAN to LAN. Does the WAN connection of the Cable/DSL Router support 100Mbps Ethernet? Since broadband Internet connections like cable and DSL do not exceed 10Mbps, the Cable/DSL Routers current hardware design only supports 10Mbps Ethernet on its WAN port. It does support 100Mbps through the built-in auto-sensing Fast Ethernet 10/100 Switch on the LAN side of the Router. What is Network Address Translation (NAT) and what is it used for? Network Address Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of network security since the addresses of PCs connected to the private LAN is never transmitted over the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Cable/DSL Router to be used with low-cost Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, where only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may have 253 private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP. Does the Cable/DSL Router support any operating system other than Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, or Windows NT? Yes, but Linksys does not provide technical support for setup, configuration or troubleshooting of any nonWindows operating systems at this time.
Does the Cable/DSL Router support ICQ send files? Yes, with the following fix: ICQ menu-> preference -> connections tab-> check "I am behind a firewall or proxy," and set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall setting. The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router. How do I get Napster to work with the Router? Napster is fully compatible with the Router and requires no special settings. I set up an Unreal Tournament server, but others on the network cannot join. What do I do? If you are running a dedicated Unreal Tournament server, you must create a static IP address for each of the networks PCs and forward ports 7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. If you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually works well), then in the [UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the Router from your ISP. Can multiple gamers on the LAN log on to one game server and play simultaneously with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game youre playing, and/or what kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament does support multi-login with just one public IP address. How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to Work with the Router? The default client port for Half-Life is 27005. The PCs on your LAN must have "+clientport 2700x" to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be 6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple PCs connect to the same server. One exception: Version 1.0.1.6 won't let multiple PCs with the same CD key connect at the same time, even if theyre on the same LAN (not a problem with Version 1.0.1.3). For hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP of the server PC. There remains, however, a problem with people being booted after a few minutes with an "illegible server message. How can I block corrupted FTP downloads? If you are experiencing corrupted files when you download a file with your FTP client, try using another FTP program.

Glossary

10BaseT - An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs. 100BaseTX - IEEE physical layer specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of Category 5 UTP or STP wire. 1000BASE-T - provides half-duplex (CSMA/CD) and full-duplex 1000Mb/s Ethernet service over Category 5 links as defined by ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A. Topology rules for 1000BASE-T are the same as those used for 100BASE-T. Category 5 link lengths are limited to 100 meters by the ANSI/TIA/EIA-568A cabling standard. Only one CSMA/CD repeater will be allowed in a collision domain. Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card (NIC) is the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or Internet. Auto-negotiate - To automatically determine the correct settings. The term is often used with communications and networking. For example, Ethernet 10/100 cards, hubs and switches can determine the highest speed of the node they are connected to and adjust their transmission rate accordingly. Backbone The part of a network that connects most of the systems and networks together and handles the most data. Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits per second (bps). Bit A binary digit. The value 0 or 1used in the binary numbering system. Also, the smallest form of data. Boot To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal computers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically executed on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it and pass control to it. Bottleneck A traffic slowdown that results when too many network nodes try to access a single node, often a server node, at once.
Bridge - A device that interconnects different networks together. Broadband - A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share the bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data and video signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband techniques to deliver dozens of channels over one cable. Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word browser seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user interfaces that let you browse text files online. Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable modem users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems feature asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the Internet to the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from the computer to the Internet). CAT 3 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify categories (the singular is commonly referred to as CAT) of twisted pair cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates that they can sustain. CAT 3 cable has a maximum throughput of 16 Mbps and is usually utilized for 10BaseT networks. CAT 5 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify categories (the singular is commonly referred to as CAT) of twisted pair cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of 100 Mbps and is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks. CAT 5e - The additional cabling performance parameters of return loss and farend crosstalk (FEXT) specified for 1000BASE-T and not specified for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX are related to differences in the signaling implementation. 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX signaling is unidirectional-signals are transmitted in one direction on a single wire pair. In contrast, Gigabit Ethernet is bi-directional-signals are transmitted simultaneously in both directions on the same wire pair; that is, both the transmit and receive pair occupy the same wire pair.

TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet). When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP. TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password capability. Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place to another in a given time period. Topology - A networks topology is a logical characterization of how the devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The most common network devices include hubs, switches, routers, and gateways. Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most important of which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area connections. TX Rate Transmission Rate. Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version. Upload - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications session, upload means transmit, download means receive. URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address that defines the route to a file on the Web or any other Internet facility. URLs are typed into the browser to access Web pages, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves to provide the hypertext links to other pages. UTP - Unshielded twisted pair is the most common kind of copper telephone wiring. Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that connects home and many business computers to the telephone company. To reduce crosstalk or electromagnetic induction between pairs of wires, two insulated copper wires are twisted around each other. Each signal on twisted pair requires both wires. Since some telephone sets or desktop locations require multiple connections, twisted pair is sometimes installed in two or more pairs, all within a single cable.
VLAN (Virtual LAN) - A logical association that allows users to communicate as if they were physically connected to a single LAN, independent of the actual physical configuration of the network. Virtual Server - Multiple servers that appear as one server, or one system image, to the operating system or for network administration. Wake-on-LAN - Wake on LAN is a technology that allows a network professional to remotely power on a computer or to wake it up from sleep mode. WAN - A communications network that covers a wide geographic area, such as state or country. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying, defining and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility for configuring networks with static IP addresses. Workgroup - Two or more individuals that share files and databases.

Step One: To Ping an IP Address The first step to determining your ISPs web and e-mail server address is to ping its IP Address. 1. Power on the PC and the cable or DSL modem, and restore the network configuration set by your ISP if you have since changed it. 2. Click Start, then Run, and type "command" to bring up the DOS window. 3. At the DOS command prompt, type "ping mail" (assuming that the location for which youre trying to find an IP address is configured as mail). Press Enter. Information such as the following data, taken from a ping of Microsoft Networks email server, will be displayed. C:\>ping mail Pinging mail [24.53.32.4] with 32 bytes of data: Reply Reply Reply Reply from from from from 24.53.32.4: 24.53.32.4: 24.53.32.4: 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 bytes=32 bytes=32 bytes=32 time<10ms time<10ms time<10ms time<10ms TTL=128 TTL=128 TTL=128 TTL=128

Appendix

How to Ping Your ISPs E-mail & Web Addresses Almost all Internet addresses are configured with words and characters, i.e., www.linksys.com, www.yahoo.com, etc. However, these Internet addresses are actually assigned to IP addresses, numerical values which are the true addresses on the Internet. For example, www.linksys.com is actually 206.135.116.3. Type it into your web browser and you will bring up the Linksys home page every time. However, IP and web addresses are sometimes long and hard to remember. Because of this, certain ISPs will shorten their server addresses to single words or codes on their customers web browser or e-mail configurations. If your ISPs e-mail and Web server addresses are configured with single words (www, e-mail, home, pop3, etc.) instead of complete Internet addresses or IP addresses, your Router may have problems sending or receiving email and accessing the Internet. This happens because your Router has not been configured by your ISP to accept their abbreviated server addresses. The solution is to find the true web addresses behind your ISPs code words. You can find these IP and web addresses of your ISPs servers by pinging them. If you do not have your ISPs web and e-mail IP addresses, you must either get them from your ISP or follow these steps prior to connecting your Cable/DSL Router to your network.

3. Click the Add button. 4. Double-click on Protocol. 5. Highlight Microsoft under the list of manufacturers.
6. Find and double-click TCP/IP in the list to the right (below).
Twisted-Pair Cabling There are different grades, or categories, of twisted-pair cabling. Category 5 is the most reliable and most highly recommended. Category 3 is a good second choice. Straight-through cables are used for connecting computers to a hub. Crossover cables are used for connecting a hub to another hub (there is an exception: some hubs have a built-in uplink port that is crossed internally, which allows you to link or connect hubs together with a straight-through cable instead). You can buy pre-made Category 5 cables, or cut and crimp your own. Category 5 cables can be purchased or crimped as either straight-through or crossover. Inside a Category 5 cable are 8 thin, color-coded wires inside that run from one end of the cable to the other. All 8 wires are used. In a straightthrough cable, wires 1, 2, 3, and 6 at one end of the cable are also wires 1, 2, 3, and 6 at the other end. In a crossover cable, the order of the wires change from one end to the other: wire 1 becomes 3, and 2 becomes 6. See the diagrams on the next page for more detailed information on straightthrough and crossover cabling.
7. After a few seconds, the main Network window will appear. The TCP/IP Protocol should now be listed.
8. Click the OK button. Windows may ask for original Windows installation files. Supply them as needed, e.g., D:\win98, D:\win95, c:\windows\options\cabs. 9. Windows will ask you to restart the PC. Click the Yes button.
To determine which wire is wire number 1, hold the cable so that the end of the plastic RJ-45 tip (the part that goes into a wall jack first) is facing away from you. Face the clip down so that the copper side faces up (the springy clip will now be parallel to the floor). When looking down on the copper side, wire 1 will be on the far left.
The TCP/IP Installation is now complete.
Crimping Your Own Network Cables
4-Port Router Specifications Model Number Standards Protocol Ports BEFSR41 v2 IEEE 802.3 (10BaseT), IEEE 802.3u (100BaseTX) CSMA/CD (LAN) Four 10/100 RJ-45 switched ports (WAN) One 10Base-T Ethernet RJ-45 port for the cable or DSL modem (LAN) 10/100Mbps, (WAN) 10Mbps, (10BaseT) UTP Category 3 or better (100BaseTX) UTP Category 5 or better Star Power, (LAN) Link/Act, Full/Coll, 100 (WAN) Link, Act, Diag

Straight-Through Cabling

Speed Cabling Type Topology LED Indicators
4-Port Environmental Specifications Dimensions Unit Weight Power Input Certifications Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Humidity Storage Humidity 186mm x 154mm x 48mm (7.31 x 6.16 x 1.88) 13.4 oz. (0.42 Kg) External, 9V AC, 1 Amp FCC Class B, CE Mark Commercial 0C to 40C (32F to 104F) -20C to 70C (-4F to 158F) 10% to 85%, Non-condensing 5% to 90%, Non-condensing