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Wireless Keyboards Reviewed Head-to-Head: iWebkey vs. Cordless Freedom Navigator

by Paul Cesarini

Forum MacDebate.com Gaming News Mac 3D Dot Com Mac OS X X Appeal
iWebkey, Macally SRP / SP: Requirements: What's Hot: What's Not: $169 / unknown MacOS 9 or later; Any desktop or notebook computer with an available USB port Portable; works great; built-in pointer Expensive; no batteries; no power button

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Cordless Freedom Navigator, Logitech SRP / SP: Requirements: What's Hot: What's Not: $99 / $78 Any desktop or notebook computer with an available USB port Full-sized; great mouse No Mac support for multimedia features on keyboard (yet); limited IR range; no power button
Do you need a wireless input device? Are they really that necessary? Do you need to be several feet away from your computer? Will they work with the IR port on my PowerBook? Whenever wireless mice, trackballs, remote controls, and keyboards are announced, these questions are usually quick to follow. In spite of the flurry of such devices from Keyspan, Microspeed, and other companies, the fundamental answer to the above questions is still "no". With the possible exception of Keyspan's Digital Media Remote, wireless input devices aren't a "must-have". They are, at best, convenient for presentations, demonstrations, and TV-based computer use. Still, there's a lot to be said for
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convenience. Macally and Logitech are the latest companies to jump onto the wireless bandwagon. Both products, the iWebkey and the Cordless Freedom Navigator, offer a variety of conveniences, with a few caveats. Macally's iWebkey is their third foray into USB-based keyboards for the Mac, and their first wireless one. The iWebkey is a compact, multimedia keyboard with a built-in, two-button pointer. It comes with the keyboard itself, the USB-based IR pod, and a CD with current drivers for it and their non-wireless iMediakey keyboard. Batteries aren't included, which is both annoying and disappointing. Although hardcopy documentation is minimal at best -- which is typical for Macally's entire product line -- it is less a fault of their technical writing staff not doing their job than it is of their product designers doing their job too well. Basically, the iWebkey has minimal documentation because it only needs minimal documentation: installation is easier than deciding not to watch a Pauly Shore movie, and the product itself works very intuitively. Plus, a PDF manual is included on the CD. The keyboard layout is similar to that of a PowerBook, only better. It sports F1 F15, a second command key to the right of the space bar (still MIA in PowerBooks), as well as "home", "pgup", "pgdn", and "end" keys. As with PowerBooks, several of the right-hand keys double as a numeric keypad. Additionally, the iWebkey features sixteen programmable, multimedia keys for one touch access to email, the Internet, volume, and media. These programmable keys are in addition to the usual programmable F keys. There's even a media eject key, much like the Apple Pro Keyboards have, though it only appears to work with audio CDs. Then there's the two button pointer. It takes some getting used to. It's on the upper right-hand side, and is fairly unobtrusive and easy to use. The buttons, miles away on the upper left-hand side, default as single-click and control-click, respectively, but can also be programmed. I don't necessarily know if this is the best way to integrate a pointer into a keyboard. On one hand, it's somewhat awkward and the two-handed operation certainly isn't designed for anyone with a physical disability. On the other hand, I can't think of a more convenient way to integrate the two into such a small form factor. Since the entire keyboard and IR pod are small and light, and easily fit in a laptop case, the iWebkey is ideal for presentations. The IR range is nothing short of fantastic, capable of reaching well over 20'. I recently tried it out while presenting to a group of faculty here in Ohio. The iWebkey installed fine on the iMac connected to the projector, and allowed me to get out from behind the podium. Of course, Keyspan's Digital Media Remote is still the ideal peripheral for this sort of situation, but it has comparatively limited functionality. You can't, for example, type a url into web browser using the Digital Media Remote. With the iWebkey, you can. Aside from presentations, if you have your Mac connected to your TV and/or stereo, the iWebkey is particularly handy (as are any wireless input devices).

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Connecting

my PowerBook via S-video to my S-video equipped TV, I used the iWebkey to surf the web, write some email, and play a DVD. (note: surfing the web and writing email isn't advisable if you're connecting via composite video; the text is too blurry, even at low resolutions). The Achilles' heel to the iWebkey is the price. At $169, this keyboard is almost as costly as an external CD burner. Since this product is new, I wasn't able to find a street price for it. I expect it will be in the $130 - $145 range, but it's too soon to tell. Either way, it's still out of reach for most folks. Logitech's Cordless Freedom Navigator is perhaps less suited to travel than the iWebkey. It is a full-sized keyboard, with a separate numeric keypad, that comes packaged with a cordless mouse. It would still come in handy in a computer -> TV situation, though, or for regular, desktop computer use. The keyboard has a great feel to it, and comes with a detachable wrist rest. The mouse is probably the best you can get without going optical. It's very ergonomic, at least for right-handed people, and has three buttons and a clickable scroll wheel (ok, 4 buttons total). Unlike Macally, Logitech does include batteries. What they don't include, however, are Mac-specific drivers for their "iTouch" program. iTouch controls the multimedia functions of the keyboard, and the programmable functions of the mouse. The keyboard itself works fine, as does the mouse, but the multimedia keys, scroll wheel, and extra mouse buttons are dead. But wait, there's still hope! Their Mouseware software, available as a free download on their site, works fine with the cordless mouse included with the keyboard. All four buttons, as well as the scroll wheel, will work normally. No such luck with the multimedia keys on the keyboard, though. The current iTouch driver is Windows-only, and is a known issue. According to representatives from Logitech, ".we do have plans on developing Mac compatible software for our keyboards and this is currently in the works. We do understand the demand and are working to have it available as soon as possible." Additionally, the Command and Option/Alt keys would needed remapping. Hopefully the Mac version of iTouch would also take care of this. Until then, the keyboard won't have full functionality. However, at $79 for both the wireless keyboard and mouse, it's not a huge problem. The IR range of the Cordless Freedom Navigator is surprisingly limited, unfortunately. Anything over 6' - 8' simply won't work. Still, that range should be fine for most situations, even when using a TV as a monitor. Both the iWebkey and Cordless Freedom Navigator lack power buttons. Then

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again, so does the Apple Pro Keyboard. I could whine and whine about this feature disappearing, but it looks like the power button is gone for good. Oh well. There is a ceiling for how good wireless keyboards can be. As stated earlier, they simply aren't a "must have". However, the Cordless Freedom Navigator and iWebkey are both very good. The iWebkey has Mac-specific drivers, a compact form factor, a built-in pointer, and great range. However, the steep price is a turn-off. If Logitech extends their IR range, and if they roll-out a Mac version of their iTouch driver, their Cordless Freedom Navigator may give the iWebkey a serious run for the money. For road warriors who present a lot, however, both are still no substitute for the Digital Media Remote. The iWebkey comes close, though.
Note: For testing purposes, both keyboards were used on an iMac DV and a PowerBook G3/400, running Mac OS 9.04.
Published by Doug B. Landry and contributing staff. Design By Jake Rodkin/Oasis Productions Trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. reserved. 2001Delta Design. Publishing headquarters is located in Baton Rouge, LA. Index version 1.0.1
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CHAPTER 4

Building GTK+.... 81 Building PosixWorks Desktop... 81 CHAPTER 5 KNOWN PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS... 83 Common Problems... 83 MWM Window Manager... 83 3D Acceleration... 84 emacs Utility... 84 The xload Utility... 84 PosixWorks Desktop... 84 XFree86 Shared Libraries Conflict with Linux ABI.. 85 ico Utility... 86 xmcolor Utility.... 86 LynxOS Cross Environment Installation.. 87 x86 Platform Problems.... 87 xf86cfg Utility... 87 Dual-Head Video Card in the Dual-Head Mode.. 113 PowerPC Platform Problems... 114 Concurrent Technologies IO PMC/030 Asiliant Technologies 69030 Video Card... 114 Asiliant Technologies 69000 Video Chip Integrated into the Radstone PPC7A Board... 114 Thales VMPC6c Board.. 115 Thales VMPC7a Board.. 115 xedit Utility... 115 PosixWorks Desktop... 115 XFREE86 AND LESSTIF FOR LYNXOS TESTING.. 117

APPENDIX A

Overview
This document contains the XFree86 and LessTif for LynxOS Release Notes. This release of XFree86 and LessTif installs on top of LynxOS 4.0. This chapter provides information on the following: Components overview and source baseline Libraries linkage Utilities linkage Multithreaded library support Supported LynxOS 4.0 Board Support Packages (BSPs) Supported hardware CD-ROM contents
The remainder of the document provides information on the following: Installing XFree86 and LessTif X server configuration Building notes Known problems and limitations

Chapter 1 - Overview

Components Overview and Source Baseline
The XFree86 and LessTif Development Package includes the components described in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1: XFree86 and LessTif Development Package Components Component XFree86 LessTif GTK+ 4.3.0 0.93.36 1.2.10 Version Description An open source version of X11 available from the XFree86 Project, Inc. An open source version of Motif available from the Hungry Programmers organization The open source multiplatform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces available from the GTK+ organization The open source low-level core library that forms the basis of GTK+ available from the GTK+ organization LynuxWorks PosixWorks Desktop

1.2.10

Posix Desktop

Libraries Linkage

All libraries provided by this release are present in the static and shared (dynamic) forms.

Utilities Linkage

All utilities provided by this release are dynamically linked.
Multithreaded Library Support
The XFree86 libraries provided by this release are present in the multithreaded and nonmultithreaded forms. All other libraries provided by this release are present in the nonmultithreaded form only.
Supported LynxOS 4.0 BSPs
This release supports the LynxOS 4.0 BSPs described in Table 1-2.

Table 1-2: Supported LynxOS 4.0 BSPs Platform x86 PowerPC x86_at1 x86_drm cpci_drm radppc7 vmpc BSP
1. The x86_at BSP will be obsolete in future versions of LynxOS and is included in LynxOS 4.0 for legacy purposes only. Users should use the x86_drm BSP instead.

Supported Hardware

Graphics Adapter Support
The XFree86 and LessTif Development Package provides support for single-head graphics adapters and dual-head graphics adapters configured in the single-head mode. The supported graphics adapters are listed in Table 1-3.
Table 1-3: Supported Graphics Adapters Graphics Chipset Vendor

Graphics Adapter Model

x86 Platform NVIDIA Mad Dog GeForce 2 MX400 AGP 4x 64 MB SVGA1 ASUS v7100PRO GeForce 2 MX400 AGP 64 MB SVGA1 Generic GeForce 3 Ti200 AGP 4x 64 MB DDR SVGA TV-Out1 ASUS V9180 TD GeForce 4 MX440 AGP 8x 64 MB DDR SVGA TV-Out DVI1 Albatron GeForce 4 Ti4600 AGP 4x 128 MB DDR SVGA TV-Out TV-In DVI1
Table 1-3: Supported Graphics Adapters (Continued) Graphics Chipset Vendor ATI
Graphics Adapter Model Gigabyte GV-AV32DG Radeon 7000VE AGP 32 MB DDR SVGA TV-Out1 Gigabyte GV-AR64S Radeon 7500 AGP 64 MB SDR SVGA TV-Out1 Sapphire Radeon 9000 Pro AGP 4x 128 MB DDR SVGA TV-Out DVI1 ATI Radeon 9700 Pro AGP 8x 128 MB SDR SVGA TV-Out DVI1 Matrox G45FMDHA32DB G450 AGP 4x 32 MB SVGA Dual-Head2 Matrox G55MDHA32DB G550 AGP 4x 32 MB SVGA DVI1 Intel 845G graphics chipset integrated into Intel D845GBV motherboard1 PowerPC Platform

Matrox Intel

Asiliant Technologies
Concurrent Technologies IO PMC/030 Asiliant Technologies 69030 PMC 4 MB SVGA (cpci_drm and vmpc BSPs)1 Asiliant Technologies MB SVGA video chip integrated into the Radstone PPC7A board (radppc7 BSP)1
1. The single monitor is connected to the SVGA connector. 2. The single monitor is connected to the primary SVGA connector.
The XFree86 and LessTif Development Package provides support for dual-head graphics adapters configured in the dual-head mode. The supported graphics adapters are listed in Table 1-4.
Table 1-4: Supported Dual-Head Graphics Adapters Graphics Chipset Vendor
x86 Platform ATI Matrox Sapphire Radeon 9000 Pro AGP 4x 128 MB DDR SVGA TV-Out DVI1 ATI Radeon 9700 Pro AGP 8x 128 MB SDR SVGA TV-Out DVI1 Matrox G45FMDHA32DB G450 AGP 4x 32 MB SVGA Dual-Head1 Matrox G55MDHA32DB G550 AGP 4x 32 MB SVGA DVI1

Table 2-2: The uparam.h File Parameters (Continued) Parameter NFILES Default Value Sample Value1 Sample Value2 Description

100 40

1024 4096
2560 Maximum number of open files in system 1024 Maximum number of pipes 1024 Maximum number of sockets 40 Maximum number of POSIX shared memory objects

NPIPES NSOCKETS NSHM

1. These values allow running more than 200 xclock applications on LynxOS 4.0 PowerPC Patch Level 80 and higher or LynxOS 4.0 x86 Patch Level 26 and higher. 2. These values allow running more than 200 xclock applications on LynxOS 4.0 PowerPC before Patch Level 80 or LynxOS 4.0 x86 before Patch Level 26.
NOTE: After the /sys/lynx.os/uparam.h file has been updated, rebuild and install the kernel, then reboot the system using the following commands:
# cd /sys/lynx.os # make install # reboot -aN
Moving the Linux ABI X11 Libraries from the /usr/X11R6/lib Directory
Because the Linux ABI X11 libraries and the XFree86 and LessTif shared libraries have the same names and are installed into the same directory, /usr/X11R6/lib, the already installed Linux ABI X11 libraries should be moved from the /usr/X11R6/lib directory prior to installing the XFree86 and LessTif Distribution Package. If the libraries are not saved in a directory other than /usr/X11R6/lib, the Linux ABI X11 libraries will be replaced with the XFree86 and LessTif ones. For instance, if the /usr/lib/X11R6 directory is selected to store the Linux ABI X11 libraries, enter the following commands to move the libraries:
# mkdir -p /usr/lib/X11R6 # mv /usr/X11R6/lib/*.so* /usr/lib/X11R6
Replacing Any Previous Version of the Install.XM/Uninstall.XM Scripts with the Most Recent Version
To start a Linux X application, the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable should be defined in such a way that the path to the location of the Linux ABI X11 libraries (/usr/lib/X11R6 in the above example) precedes the path to /usr/X11R6/lib before running the application. For instance:
# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/X11R6:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
NOTE: The Linux ABI package must be installed before the XFree86 and LessTif Development Package.
Before proceeding with any manipulations of the XFree86 and LessTif distribution, perform the following steps to replace any previous version of the Install.XM and Uninstall.XM scripts with the most recent version of these scripts provided with the XFree86 and LessTif binary distribution: 1. Insert the XFree86 and LessTif binary distribution CD-ROM and mount it:

2. Log in to the system as root and enter the following command:

# /usr/bin/Install.XM

XFree86 and LessTif Installation Main Menu
The following sections describe the XFree86 and LessTif installation menu options.
After Install.XM runs, the main menu is displayed:
*********** Main Menu ************ XFree86 and LessTif Installation ********************************** 1) Modify Default Values 2) Choose Products to Install Please make sure the Default Values and Products to Install are correct before Beginning the Installation. Q)uit Installation B)egin Installation Enter Option: [1]
Figure 2-4: XFree86 and LessTif Installation Main Menu
The Main Menu provide the following options:
Modify Default ValuesAllows the selection of various parameters related

to hardware.

Choose Products to InstallAllows
selections of the products to be

installed.

Quit InstallationUse
this option to exit the installation utility.
Begin InstallationUse this option to start the automated installation process using the current configuration.
These menu options are described in more detail in the following sections. After XFree86 is installed, the Install.XM utility provides an additional option for use in administrative configuration tasks:
Miscellaneous AdminThis option includes miscellaneous administration
management. For more information, see Miscellaneous Admin Menu Options on page 29.
The Modify Default Values option opens the Hardware Configuration Menu:
*** Hardware Configuration Menu *** 1) Install Directory 2) Installation Media Q)uit Installation R)eturn to Previous Menu Enter Option: [R] : / : /dev/ide.1
Figure 2-5: Hardware Configuration Menu
Hardware Configuration Menu Options
The Hardware Configuration Menu options are as follows:
Install DirectoryUse this option to specify the absolute pathname of the base installation directory. The default base installation directory is /.
NOTE: LynuxWorks recommends that the XFree86 and LessTif Development Package be installed in the root (/) directory. The distribution can be installed in any directory or file system as required. The file system in which the XFree86 and LessTif Development Package is installed should have enough disk space for future expansion. All components of the XFree86 and LessTif Development Package must be installed in the same file system and directory.
Installation MediaUse this option to specify the name of the media device that contains the product distribution. The default device is an IDE CD-ROM (/dev/ide.1). For more information about device naming in LynxOS, see the LynxOS Users Guide. This option opens the Installation Media Menu.

Enter the absolute path of the directory to copy the Linux ABI X11 libraries to : /usr/lib/X11R6 /usr/lib/X11R6 does not exist. Create it (y/n) ? [y] : y Copying the Linux ABI X11 libraries to the /usr/lib/X11R6 directory.
Location of the XFree86 and LessTif Components in the System
To complete XFree86 and LessTif installation, at the appropriate screen prompts, do the following: Press Enter to continue with installation. Press y to allow an X session to start automatically on system boot. Remove the installation CD-ROM. Enter reboot -aN to reboot the system.
After installation, the components of the Free86 and LessTif Development Package are as follows:
/etc/fonts/* /etc/X11/* /usr/X11R6/* /usr/bin/glib-config /usr/bin/gtk-config /usr/etc/gtk/* /usr/examples/gtk-1.2/* /usr/include/glib-1.2/* /usr/include/gtk-1.2/* /usr/include/jconfig.h /usr/include/jerror.h /usr/include/jmorecfg.h /usr/include/jpeglib.h /usr/info/gdk.info /usr/info/glib.info /usr/info/gtk.info* /usr/lib/glib/* /usr/lib/ical/v2.2/* /usr/lib/libgdk*
/usr/lib/libglib* /usr/lib/libgmodule* /usr/lib/libgthread* /usr/lib/libgtk* /usr/lib/libjpeg.a /usr/lib/shlib/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gdk.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/glib.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gmodule.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gthread.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+.pc /usr/man/cat1/glib-config.1 /usr/man/cat1/gtk-config.1 /usr/share/aclocal/glib.m4 /usr/share/aclocal/gtk.m4 /usr/share/doc/glib-1.2/* /usr/share/doc/gtk-1.2/* /usr/share/doc/html/examples/examples.htm /usr/share/doc/html/gnu/* /usr/share/doc/html/lynxlogo211.xpm /usr/share/doc/html/pd/* /usr/share/doc/packages/lesstif-clients/* /usr/share/doc/packages/lesstif-mwm/* /usr/share/locale/* /usr/share/themes/Default/gtk/gtkrc /usr/tools/lynx-ide/*
Miscellaneous Admin Menu Options
After the XFree86 and LessTif installation is complete, running the Install.XM script again brings up the Main Menu with a new option: Miscellaneous Admin. NOTE: If the XFree86 has been configured to start an X session automatically upon system reboot/startup, enter Ctrl-C followed by Ctrl-R to access command line mode. Then run Install.XM.

Figure 3-15: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Monitor Configuration Menu
3. Release the mouse button. The monitor configuration window appears.
Figure 3-16: The Monitor Configuration Window
Configuring the Dual-Head Video Card
4. In the monitor configuration window, do the following: a. Select horizontal and vertical frequencies by clicking the respective items in the Horizontal sync and Vertical sync windows.
Figure 3-17: Selected Horizontal and Vertical Sync Frequencies in the Monitor Configuration Window
b. Close the monitor configuration window and save the settings by clicking the Ok button. NOTE: To determine the horizontal and vertical sync frequencies supported by the connected monitor, refer to the monitor specification.
By default, the X server configures both (primary and secondary) video connectors of the dual-head video card in the same mode. To set a custom configuration (for
example, a monitor resolution and/or geometry configuration) for each video connector, perform the following steps: NOTE: To properly configure the dual-head video card, the primary video connector must be connected to the monitor. The secondary video connector may not be connected. To determine which connector of the particular video card is primary, refer to the video card specification or to the manual page of the respective XFree86 video driver. 1. Place the mouse pointer over the video card image in the layout diagram in the main window and press the right button to open the video card configuration menu. 2. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the configure item.
Figure 3-18: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Video Card Configuration Menu
3. Release the mouse button. The video card configuration window appears:
Figure 3-19: The Video Card Configuration Window
4. Determine the following video card parameters, referring to the appropriate items of the video card configuration window: Driver (mga in the example) BusID (PCI:1:0:0 in the example)
5. Close the video card configuration window by clicking the Ok button. 6. Place the mouse pointer over the video card icon in the layout diagram in the main window and press the right button to open the multiple video cards configuration menu.

7. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the Add new video card item.
Figure 3-20: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Multiple Video Cards Configuration Menu
8. Release the mouse button. The image of the second video card appears in the upper left corner of the layout diagram in the main window.
Figure 3-21: The Layout Diagram with the Second Video Card Image
9. To make the layout diagram more suitable for use, drag the image of the second video card to a free space of the layout diagram.
Figure 3-22: The Layout Diagram with the Moved Second Video Card Image
10. Place the mouse pointer over the second video card image in the layout diagram in the main window and press the right button to open the video card configuration menu. 11. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the configure item.
Figure 3-23: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Second Video Card Configuration Menu
12. Release the mouse button. The second video card configuration window appears.
Figure 3-24: The Second Video Card Configuration Window
13. In the second video card configuration window, do the following: a. Open the window with the list of the video drivers supported by XFree86 by clicking the Driver button.
b. Keeping the mouse button pressed, select the video driver obtained in Step 4 (refer to page 51).
Figure 3-25: The Second Video Card Configuration Window with the Opened Window Containing the List of the Video Drivers Supported by XFree86
c. Release the mouse button.
d. Specify the BusID parameter obtained in Step 4 on page 51.
Figure 3-26: The Second Video Card Configuration Window with the BusID Parameter Specified
e. Close the second video card configuration window and save settings by clicking the Ok button.
14. Place the mouse pointer over the second video card image in the layout diagram in the main window and press the right button to open the video card configuration menu. 15. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the enable item.
Figure 3-27: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Second Video Card Configuration Menu
16. Release the mouse button. The layout diagram in the main window reflects that the second video card is enabled.
Figure 3-28: The Layout Diagram with the Second Video Card Enabled
17. Place the mouse pointer over the monitor icon in the layout diagram in the main window and press the right button to open the multiple monitors configuration menu. 18. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the Add new monitor item.
Figure 3-29: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Multiple Monitors Configuration Menu
19. Release the mouse button. The image of the second monitor appears in the upper left corner of the layout diagram in the main window.
Figure 3-30: The Layout Diagram with the Second Monitor Image

20. To make the layout diagram more suitable for use, drag the image of the second monitor to a free space in the layout diagram.
Figure 3-31: The Layout Diagram with the Moved Second Monitor Image
21. Place the mouse pointer over the second monitor image in the layout diagram in the main window and press the right button to open the monitor configuration menu. 22. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the configure item.
Figure 3-32: The Layout Diagram with the Opened Second Monitor Configuration Menu
23. Release the mouse button. The second monitor configuration window appears.
Figure 3-33: The Second Monitor Configuration Window
24. In the second monitor configuration window, do the following: a. Select horizontal and vertical frequencies supported by the connected monitor by clicking the respective items in the Horizontal sync and Vertical sync windows. NOTE: To determine horizontal and vertical frequencies supported by the connected monitor, refer to the monitor specification. b. Open the window with the list of video cards available in the current layout by clicking the Select card connected to monitor button.
c. Keeping the mouse button pressed, select the Card1 item.
Figure 3-34: The Second Monitor Configuration Window with the Selected Horizontal and Vertical Sync Frequencies and the Opened Window Containing the List of Video Cards Available in the Current Layout
d. Release the mouse button.
e. Close the second monitor configuration window and save the settings by clicking the Ok button. The layout diagram in the main window reflects that the second monitor is connected to the second video card.
Figure 3-35: The Layout Diagram with the Second Monitor Connected to the Second Video Card
25. Press the Configure Layout button in the main window to open the general configuration menu. 26. Keeping the mouse button pressed, go to the Configure Screen item.
Figure 3-36: The xf86cfg Main Window with the Opened General Configuration Menu
27. Release the mouse button The screen diagram containing the images of two monitors replaces the layout diagram in the main window.
Figure 3-37: The Screen Diagram with the Images of Two Monitors in the xf86cfg Main Window (Second Monitor to Right of First Monitor)
28. Move the monitor images in the screen diagram to obtain the desired dual-monitor geometry configuration. For instance, to configure monitors to the second monitor below first monitor mode, the screen diagram should look as follows:
Figure 3-38: The Screen Diagram with the Images of Two Monitors in the xf86cfg Main Window (Second Monitor Below First Monitor)
29. Set a custom color depth and monitor resolution for each monitor as described in Setting Color Depth and Monitor Resolution on page 35.

# rm /tmp/.X0-lock

To stop an X session, use the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace key combination.
Rebooting the System from an X Session
To terminate the X session correctly and reboot the system, use either of the following methods: Reboot the system using the Reboot item from the mwm window manager Root Menu. (To display the mwm Root Menu, place the pointer on an empty space of the screen and click the left mouse button.) Stop the X Session using the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace key combination and then reboot the system from the command line.
The XFree86 X server automatically detects and configures the mouse device, including serial, generic PS/2, and extended PS/2 mice. Note that for the generic PS/2 and the extended PS/2 mice, the PS/2 mouse driver must be installed in LynxOS before it is available to xf86cfg (see Installing the PS/2 Mouse Driver on page 15).

Audio Bell

The default bell tone can be changed using the xset utility. Refer to the xset manual page for details.
Default Configuration Files
The default files /.xinitrc, /.xsession, /.mwmrc, and /.Xdefaults are provided in the XFree86 and LessTif distribution. These can be used as is or as examples to create custom configuration files. The default X resource file (/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm/Xresources) is also provided.
Switching Between Resolutions
If more than one monitor resolution is available, the following key combination allows changing the resolution on the fly: To increase the resolution: Ctrl-Alt-+ To reduce the resolution: Ctrl-Alt--
Using the LessTif MWM Pager
Please note the following when using the LessTif MWM pager: To switch between logical screens, the user should click the middle mouse button in the free space of the selected logical screen image in the pager window. Note that the left mouse button works the same way as the middle button, but must be pressed for a longer period of time (for example, approximately 1 second). To move windows from one logical screen to another, the user should grab the selected window image in the pager window by pressing the middle mouse button and move the grabbed window through the pager logical screens while keeping mouse button pressed. To create a sliding logical screen (this screen can be located in any place between the real logical screens), the user should press the right mouse button in the pager window and place the opened sliding screen in the desired position between the real logical screens by moving the mouse pointer while keeping the mouse button pressed.

Building Notes

This chapter provides building notes for the XFree86 and LessTif Development Package. To build these packages requires purchase of the Optional XFree86 Source Distribution CD-ROM and Optional Posix Desktop Source Distribution CD-ROM.
Preparing the PowerPC LynxOS Environment
Before building the XFree86 and LessTif binary distributions, update the PowerPC LynxOS Environment by performing the following steps as root: 1. Edit the /etc/starttab file to set the data and stack limits to 65536. 2. Send the SIGHUP signal to the init process to allow the init process to obtain the changes in the /etc/starttab file:

# kill -HUP 1

Chapter 4 - Building Notes

Building XFree86

NOTE: To build the distribution for the radppc7 BSP, the BuildRADPPC7 flag must be set to YES in the XFree86-4.3.0/xc/config/cf/lynx.cf file before executing the XFbuild.sh script. To build the distribution for the vmpc BSP, the BuildVMPC6C flag must be set to YES in the XFree86-4.3.0/xc/config/cf/lynx.cf file before executing the XFbuild.sh script. To build the XFree86 binary distribution, copy the <media_num>.xfree86_src.tar.gz source distribution to the LynxOS 4.0 native target and enter the following commands as root:
# tar zxf <media_num>.xfree86_src.tar.gz # cd XFree86-4.3.0 #./int/XFbuild.sh
where <media_num> is a LynuxWorks-assigned unique number. The XFree86 binary distribution is created in the current directory.

Building LessTif

To build the LessTif binary distribution, copy the
<media_num>.lesstif_src.tar.gz source distribution to the LynxOS 4.0 native target and enter the following commands as root: # tar zxf <media_num>.lesstif_src.tar.gz # cd LessTif-0.93.36 #./int/LTbuild.sh
where <media_num> is a LynuxWorks-assigned unique number. The LessTif binary distribution is created in the current directory.

Building GLib

To build the GLib binary distribution, copy the <media_num>.glib_src.tar.gz source distribution to the LynxOS 4.0 native target and enter the following commands as root:
# tar zxf <media_num>.glib_src.tar.gz # cd GLib-1.2.10/ #./int/GLbuild.sh
where <media_num> is a LynuxWorks-assigned unique number. The GLib binary distribution is created in the current directory.

Building GTK+

To build the GTK+ binary distribution, copy the
<media_num>.gtk_src.tar.gz source distribution to the LynxOS 4.0 native target and enter the following commands as root: # tar zxf <media_num>.gtk_src.tar.gz # cd GTK+-1.2.10 #./int/GTKbuild.sh

where <media_num> is a LynuxWorks-assigned unique number. The GTK+ binary distribution is created in the current directory.
Building PosixWorks Desktop
To build the PosixWorks Desktop binary distribution, copy the <media_num>.pd_src.tar.gz source distribution to the LynxOS 4.0 native target and enter the following commands as root:
# tar zxf <media_num>.pd_src.tar.gz # cd PosixDesk-2.16 # make OS=lynxos LYNXOS_RELEASE=4.0.0 \ XFREE=YES EXCLUDE_MOSAIC=NO # make OS=lynxos LYNXOS_RELEASE=4.0.0 \ XFREE=YES EXCLUDE_MOSAIC=NO build # cd install/<platform>/4.0.0 # tar zcf <media_num>.pd.tar.gz./usr
where <platform> is the name of the development host platform (x86 or ppc) and <media_num> is a LynuxWorks-assigned unique number.

CHAPTER 5

Known Problems and Limitations
This chapter describes known problems and limitations of this release.

Common Problems

MWM Window Manager MWM Application Menu
Closing any X application window (for example, the xterm window) using the Close <Alt><F4> item of the MWM application menu (menu activated by clicking the left mouse button on the knob in the upper left corner of the application frame) may result in the menu window remaining in the upper left corner of the root window after the application window has been closed. Clicking the left mouse button in a free space of the root window closes the menu window. Clicking the left mouse button inside any X application window (for example, the xterm window) with the opened MWM application menu results in closing the MWM application menu and opening the MWM Root Menu menu (this menu is ordered to be activated by clicking the left mouse button in a free space if the root window) at the clicking point. All subsequent clicking inside the application window has the same effect. Clicking the left mouse button in the upper panel of the application window frame resolves the problem.
Chapter 5 - Known Problems and Limitations

MWM Pager

Attempting to close the MWM Pager by using the Close <Alt><F4> item of the menu activated by clicking the left mouse button on the knob in the upper left corner of the MWM Pager window frame does not have any effect.

Configuring a Video Card in the Single-Head Mode
To set a custom color depth and monitor resolution, perform the following steps: 1. Click the Expert Mode button in the main window.
Figure 5-1: The Screen Diagram in the xf86cfg Main Window
The Expert window appears.
Figure 5-2: The Expert Window
NOTE: All the following steps are performed in the Expert window 2. Click the Screen button to display the Screen configuration menu in the Expert window.
Figure 5-3: The Opened Screen Configuration Menu in the Expert Window
3. Specify the color depth (24 in this example) in the DefaultDepth item of the Screen configuration menu.
Figure 5-4: The Opened Screen Configuration Menu in the Expert Window with the Color Depth set
4. Click the Display button in the Screen configuration menu to display the Display configuration menu.
Figure 5-5: The Opened Display Configuration Menu in the Expert Window
5. Move the scroll bar on the left of the Expert window to show the Display for the color depth selected at Step 3 on page 91 (24 in this example).
Figure 5-6: The Opened Display Configuration Menu in the Expert Window with the Display with 24 Color Depth Shown
6. Click the Modes button in the selected Display configuration menu to open an empty Modes (resolutions) item.
Figure 5-7: An Empty Modes Item Shown in the Expert Window
7. Specify the monitor resolution in the Modes item.
Figure 5-8: The Modes Item Shown in the Expert Window with the Monitor Resolution Set
8. Click the new button in the Modes item to save the monitor resolution.
Figure 5-9: The Modes Item Shown in the Expert Window with the Monitor Resolution Saved
9. Click the Close button to close the Expert window.
Configuring a Video Card in the Dual-Head Mode
Figure 5-10: The Screen Diagram in the xf86cfg Main Window
Figure 5-11: The Expert Window
NOTE: All the following steps are performed in the Expert window. 2. Click the Screen button to display the Screen configuration menu in the Expert window.
Figure 5-12: The Opened Screen Configuration Menu in the Expert Window
3. Specify the color depth (16 in this example) in the DefaultDepth item of the Screen0 and Screen1 configuration menus. NOTE: The color depth must be the same for Screen0 and Screen1.
Figure 5-13: The Opened Screen Configuration Menu in the Expert Window with the Color Depth Set
4. Click the Display button in the Screen0 configuration menu to display the Display configuration menu.