LIQUID CRYSTALGRAPH

INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL
eLOWRANCE ELECTRONICS, INC.
UTHO IN U.S.A. 988-0105-09
12000 E. SKELLY DR., TULSA, OK 74128
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TRANSDUCER -Theelement ofasonar system that convertsthe electrical energyfrom thetransmitter Into ultrasonic sound waves. When a return echo strikes thetransducer, it converts the sound waves into electrical energywhich is received anddisplayed by the sonar unit. TRANSOM MOUNT-A method ofmounting transducers orothersensors
1. S on ti.e transomo. t1e I. oat.
POWER CONNECTIONS NOISE TRANSDUCER KEYBOARD BASICS DISPLAYINTERPRETATION OPERATION ON
CLEAR AUTO SENSITMTY CHART SPEED SCALE RANGE LOWER LIMIT UPPER UM1T AUTO BOTTOM TRACKING GRAYLINE DIGITAL TENTHS ALARMS NOTE KEY ZONEALARM DEPTH ALARM LIGHT DiSCRIMINATION
UPPER/LOWER UMIT-Thesearetherangelimitsdisplayed onthe sonar screenor paper. The upperlimit is shown at the topofthe display, while the lower limit is atthe bottom. Forexample, a20 to 30foot range has20 feet as the upperlimit and 30 feet as the lower limit. VIDEO GRAPH - A sonar unitthat uses aCRT or television type display. WINDOW - A segment ofthedepth range. For example, an upperlimit of 20 feet and a lowerlimit of50 feet creates a 30 foot window.
ZOOM - A feature that enlarges targets on thedisplay.
FEET-FATHOMS-METERS PULSE COMMAND MENU #1 - SPEAKERVOLUME MENU #2- GRAYLINECHECKS/LINES MENU #3 - SCALES MENU #4 - DIGITALAVERAGING TRANSDUCERSANDCONEANGLES SIGNAL INTERPRETATION FISH SIGNALS WATERTEMP. AND THERMOCLINES SURVEYINGA LAKE BAIT P1514 HOWTO OBTAINSERVICE SCHEMATICANDPARTS LIST SPAREPARTS SPECIFICATIONS GLOSSARY
Copyright 1987Lowrance Elecfronios, Inc. All Rights Res3rved.
a 60 foot range haszero fortheupperlimit and 60 for the lower limit.
REMOTE - An Intelligent "repeater"unitthat receives depth information from another sonar unit. Aremote doesn'thave atransmitter or receiver. However, it does have ft's own features that are adjustable and operate separately from the master. RESOLUTION - Theabilityof a sonar unitto separate targetsfromeach other or the bottom. RMS - A standard rating oftransmitter poweroutput. SCALE -Themarkings on a sonar unit'sdisplay. Todetermine thedepth ofatarget, simplycompare thetarget'slocationtothelocationofthescale markers on the display. SECOND ECHO -Anotherechothat registers at roughlytwicethe depth of a target echo. This is caused by the sound waves reflecting off the bottom, strikingthesurfaceofthewater, travellingtothebottomagain, and returing tothe surface. SECOND FUNCTION KEY- A button that convertsthe functionsof the primarykeys onthekeyboard. Sonarunitswithasecond functionkeyhave otherkeyswith two functions. You can switchfunctionswith thesecond function key. SENSITIVITY - The ability of a sonar unit's receiver to display targets. lncreasingthe sensitivity allowsweakertargets tobedisplayed. Alsocalled

INTRODUCTION

Welcome totheworld of sportfishlng sonar. Your Lowrance X-40 is ahighqualitysonardesigned forboth professionaland novice users.The findsand displays thebottomdepth,fish, and structure X-40automatically by justby turning it on. As you become familiarwith your X-40, try some of its remarkable features. "Fine tune" the unit to the surrounding to conditions getthe mostfrom your sonar.
You can programtheX-40 to sound alarms whenthe boat goes shallower or deeperthan a presetdepth. An alarm will also soundwhena fish enters an alarm zone. Zoom in and separate fish from structure and

each other.

Only Lowrance gives you the power to adjust a sonar unit to its

maximum potential.

readtheinstallationsection. This TogetstartedwithyourX-40,first down iswhereit all begins, and improper installation can causeproblems theroad. Afteryou'vereadtheseinstructions and installedyour X-40, read the rest of this manual in detail. The more you knowwhen you getto the water, the moreyour X-40 will do foryou. Take this manual for reference whenyou head to thelake.

INSTALLATION

Mounting
Install the X-40 in any convenient location, provided there is clearance whentiltedforthebestviewing angle. Holesinthe bracket base allow wood screw or through bolt mounting. Attach the bracket to aluminum panelswith sheet metal screws. Place apieceofplywood onthe back of thin fiberglass panels to secure the mountinghardware. Make certain there is enough room behind the unit to attach the power and transducer cables.

and receiverare tuned to.
OUTPUT POWER-Theamplitude ofelectrical energytransmitted fromthe sonar unit to thetransducer. Measured in watts, the higher the output a power, thedeeper sonar unitcanread,and moredetailcan bedisplayed. PEAK-TO-PEAK - A measurementof the transmitter's poweroutput. 3-AMP
PIXEL-The small dots or squares on a liquidcrystaldisplayor Crt. PIXELDENSITY -The number pixels per square inch on a liquid crystal of display. The bestresolution is obtained whena high number ofpixels are in the vertical.
PULSE LENGTH - The amountof time that the sonar transmits. This is measured in micro-seconds. Theshorter the pulselength, the better the resolution. For example, a 30 micro-second pulselength is equal to a one inch resolution. RANGE - Thesectionofwatershown onthe sonar display. For example,

12 VOLT BATTERY

GLOSSARY ANCHOR WATCH -Asellingofthesonar unit'salarm. Thealarm activates when the boat drifts into shallower or deeperwater than the alarm set points. Minimize electrical noise by routingthe power cable away from otherpossible sources ofelectrical interference. Oneofthelargestnoise generators is the engine'swiringharness that runs from the engine to the instrument panel. Thisharness usually containsawireforthe tachometer which radiates HF (radiofrequency) energy. For best results, keepthe power and transducer cables away from the engine wiring. Also, bilge pumpwiring cansometimes radiate noise so trytokeeptheX-40's cables awayfrom thosewires.
byalight. BACKLIGHTEDAdisplayorkeyboardillUminatedfrombehitX1 Back-lighted displaysand keyboards are essential when night fishing or
navigating. CAVITATION -Air bubbles created bythehighspeed movement ofa boat or transducer throughwater.
VHFradio antenna cables radiate RFenergyathigherpowerlevels than eventhe engine'swiring harness. It is importantto keeptheX-40's power and transducercables as far away as possible from VHF radio

cables.

CHART SPEED -(1) The speed of the chart paper on a paper graph recorder. (2) Thespeed of an image acrossthe screen ofa liquid crystal graph. (Alsocalled "scroll speed").
CONE ANGLE-Width ofthe transducer's coneof sound. Lowrance has
transducerswith coneanglesfrom 8to45degreestosuitthevaryingneeds

offishermen.

CRT -Abbreviation for Cathode RayTube. See VideoGraph.
DEFINITION -The abilityof a sonar unit's displayto show detail. A high resolution displaycan show more detailthan a low resolution one. DISCRIMINATION -A featurethatallowsthe sonar toeliminate noiseand displayonlytruetargetinformation. Discrimination onLowrance products cuts outfalse signals from othersonar, noise, thermoclines, and more. FISH ALARM- An alarm that activates when a fish is detected.

Description

Power Cable Gimbal Knobs (w/washers, 2 ea.) Gimbal Bracket Fuse Holder (w/3 amp fuse) Owner's Manual

6.75 3.95

3.95 2.50
ZONE ALARMKEYS This groupcfkeys. controlsthe X-40'szonealarm. ft'scornrnonly used as a "fish alarm." A target (such asafishorschooloffish) will setoff the alarm if Itentersthe alarm zone.

SPECIFICATIONS

Dimensions

DISPLAY

5 3/4"H x 8 3/16Wx 2 5/8"D

1 3/4 pounds

UPPER LIMIT LOWER LIMIT The Upper and Lower Umit keys allow you to select different depth ranges. Enter the desired depth and then pressthe appropriate upperor lowerlimitkey. The Upper Limitkeysets the depth for the topofthe display. The Lower Limit key determines the depth displayedatthe bottom.

9 I'T/FA/M

LowER LIMIT
Weight Transmitter Frequency OutputPower Receiver Sensitivity Operating Current
192 kHz 600 watts peakto peaktypical 75 wattsRMS

CLEAR][

"ND11 AUTO C JtI.IGHY ]
> 85 db temperature stabilized
200 ma (lightsoff) 500 ma (lightson) 9-15 vdc 192 x 64 (vertical x horizontal) 12,288 Total

300'-SOO'typical

CLEAR TheCLEAR key erases the last entry. ftcan also erase otherfeatures, as you will see later. ON OFF ThesekeystumtheX.4Oonand off. Toturniton,simplypresstheOwkey. To turn it off, pressthe OFF key.

Operating Voltage

Numberof pixels DepthCapability
Pressing any key generates a tone or "beep." This is the X-40's wayof telling you that it has accepted a com-
(with20 degreetransducer)
500'-700' typical with 8degreetransducer)
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BAIT FISH

The importance of baitfish to successful fishing can't be overemphasized. They are the principle food of all game fish In mostwaters. Baitfisharetheplanktonfeeding foragefish,suchasminnows and Baitfish can also be theyoung of game fish, such as crappies, shad. bluegill, and bass. Most bait fish concentrate within five feet of the surface where sunlightpromotesthe growth of the plankton on which they feed. One methodoffishing isto usetheX-40 tofindthebaitfishfirst. A school ofbait fishwill looklike a"cloud" ontheX-40'sdisplay. Usually, gamefishwill be nearby, often directlybeneaththe school of baitfish.

SENSITIVITY These keys control the graph's sensitivity. (The digital automaticatly adjusts Its sensitivity.) The receiver has sensitivity S2steps, allowingadjustment over awide range of conditions. The left arrow keydeoreases the sensitivity, the right arrow keyincreases it.
CHART TheCHART group of keys controls the chart speed. The X-40has 10
chartspeeds, rangingfromvery slow to FAST. Pressing the FAST keyspeedsup the chartspeed. The SLOW key reduces it. TheSTOP/RESUME keystopsand restartsthe chart display.
NOTE KEY This keyturns the audible alarm offor on. Discrimination is an adjustable noise rejection system. The levels of adjustmentare0 through 10. DISC
chanceto help before sending it in for repair. or Assistance canoften be extended by telephone letter. Call Customer Service Center nearest toyou. Ifthere Isn't theAuthorized a servicecenternearyou, call thefactorycustomerservicedepartment at 1-800-331-4105,toll free. Oklahoma residents call 918-437-6881,
collect. Please detail the problem you are experiencing. Theservice department may be ableto save you the inconvenience of returning your unit. If the unit must be returned, pack it carefully so it won't be damaged. Itis advisable to insurethe unitin caseit'slostor damaged during transit.
HOWTO OBTAIN SERVICE If you have a problem with your sonar unit, please give usa
0-9 These keys allowthe entryof numbersothroughg.Someofthesekeyshave more than one function. Use the 2nd function key to use the other functions. Pressing a numeric key displays the numberinawindownearthetopcenterof the display. AUTO The AUTO keyswitchesthe X-40 Inorout oftheautomatic mode. TheX-40 automaticallyadjuststhe sensitivityand rangeselection atpower on. Pressing the AUTOkeyallowsyou totake controlofthe X-40, making manual adjustments as desired. When the X-40is in the automatic mode, the word "AUTO" displays immediatelybelow the sensitivitybar.
SCHEMATICDIAGRAM AND PARTS LIST Ifyoudesireaschematic and parts listforyour Lowrance sonar,
informationwill mailed toyou be send $1.Oototheaddress belowandthe Be sure to includethe model and serial number of your promptly. Lowrance sonar unit.
Mail To: Lowrance Customer Service 12000 E. Skelly Dr. Tulsa, Oklahoma 74128
2nd Thisallows keystohave morethanone
function. Notice thatsomeofthe keys have a small word printed in white belowits pri- Note:The X-40 has many more mary function label. The white lettering features than the onesjust disdesignates a 2ndfunction. Activate a 2nd cussed. For a detailed lookat function by first pressing the "2nd key." the X-40's features and operaThen press a key which has the second white. For example, the tion instructions, read the Opfunction printed in AUTO keyalsohasthe word"LIGHT" printed erationsectionofthis manual. on It. "LIGHT" is the AUTO key's second function. Press the 2nd key,then the AUTO keyto turn the lightson.

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DISPLAYINTERPRETATION

Now let's look at the display. we'llturn ontheX-40 by pressing First, theON key. Thelights willflashforsix seconds. The chart scrollsthe return echoes across the screen and the digital searches for the bottomdepth. It's flashes0 untIl it finds the bottom. Once it findsthe bottom, thedepth is

displayed.

TiTjIii
Thetemperature of water inthelake is seldom constant fromtop to bottom. Layers of different temperatures form, and thelunction of a warmand coollayerofwaterisathermocline. The depth andthickness of seasonortime ofday. Indeeplakesthere thethermoclinecanvarywiththe be two or more at different depths. Thermoclines are important to may
fishermen because theyare areas where fish are active. Manytimesbait fish will beabove thethermocline whilelargergamefish will suspend in or just belowit.
The X-40 can detect this invisible layer in the water, but the sensitivity will probablyhave to be turned up to seeit.
Herethe X-40 hasfound the bottomat48feet. Therange is zeroto 80 feet. It automatically chooses a lowerlimit that placesthebottomsignal nearthe bottom ofthe display. The bar at the top of the disisthesensitivity bar. It shows the play sensitivity in use. The bar extends from left to right. A very short bar
indicates minimum sensitivity. Setting
A knowledge ofthewatertemperatures variousfish prefer, and in whichthey usually remain, helps you get the mostfrom your X-40. SURVEYING A LAKE
Themostsuccessful anglers on anybody ofwaterare those who fishitdayafterdayandyearafteryear. Eventually,theylearn thehotspots that producefishconsistently. Theydiscoverthroughexperience where, and atwhat depth,theycanexpect tofindthefishtheywantatanyseason. And they realize that theseproductive areas change throughoutthe year dependingon waterlevel, temperature,food, and otherfactors. WiththeX-40, anyone can eliminate guesswork and concentrate onthe areas where fish are likelytobe. Even if ft'sthefirsttimeon thelake! Themostefficientwaytobecomeacquainted with abody ofwater isto surveyit with your X-40. Startwith a map ofthelake, ifpossible, and indicatethe promising spotsin relation to landmarks on shore. Asyou goabout yoursurvey, yourX-40 will tell youthedepthand type of bottom. Itwill also reveal suspended fish. Multiplesignals on the dial usually indicatea good school offish and it's worth itto stop and fish for them. You maynot get anyfurther.

Keep a few Lowrance Fish-N-Floats in the boat, ready to toss overboard. When the X-40 indicates a school offish, throw the buoyout. The string will unwinduntil the sinker hits bottom. Then, because ofthe marker'sflat shape, it won't unwind any further. With the school thus marked, you canmake yourturnand come backto fish in exactlytheright spot. Thisisessential whenyou'refarfromshore ona biglake. Unless you marktheschoolof fish when you're over it, you may notbe abletofind it again.
__________________ thesensitivity to maximum causesthe bar to run completelyacross thetop ofthe display.
Theword STOP indicates the X-40's chart is stopped. Thetoplineofthe chart isalways adashedline. Itmovesfrom right to left, showing the chart is moving. As the chart speed increases or decreases, the dashed line changes speed accordingly. Stopping the chart causes thelineto flash on and off. The range is both an upper limit and a lowerlimit at thetop and bottomofthedisplay, respectively. Inthis example,therangeisO-80feet. Scalemarkersprinted onbothsidesofthedisplayhelpdeterminetheactual

depth.

For best results, read theOperation sectionof this manual. It explains in detail all of the functionsthat are in this section, pIus other features not discussed here.
Mostfishdon'tspawn unlessthewatertemperature iswithinrather narrow limits. To find the different temperatures, a surface temperature meter, such as the LDT-3000 is a valuableaid to your boat. This unit provides an extremely quick response to identifying the desired surface water spawning temperatures for various species. Troutcan't survive In streams that get too warm. Bass and otherfish eventually die out when stockedin lakes that remain toocoldduringthesummer. While somefish have awider temperaturetolerance than others, eachhasacertainrange withinwhich it triestostay. Schooling fish suspended over deep waterlie atthelevel that provides thistemperature. We assume theyarethemost comfortablehere.
OPERATION When theX-41) isfirstturnedon, Itautomatically findsanddisplays
thebottomdepth,and adjuststhe sensitivitytothe properlevel. Italso sets the scales toa range that will keep the bottom signal on the display, plus much more. Using the X-40 in this mode is simple and allows you to concentrate on fishing. However, virtually everyfunction of the unit is conditions. itcanbe "finetuned"tothesurrounding manuailyadjustableso Take this manual with you as a reference guide.

penetrate to much deeper depths.
Both 8 degree and 20 degree transducers give accuratebottom readings, even thoughthe bottom signal is muchwider on the20 degree model. Thisis because you are seeing more of the bottom. Remember, theshallowedge of the signal shows youthetrue depth. The rest of the signal tells you whetheryouare over rocks, mud, etc. Painttransducers onsaltwaterboatswith thincoatofanti-foulant a paintto prevent organisms from growing. If unchecked, barnacles and other marine growth will cause a decrease in the transducer's sensitivity. Do not use a metal based anti-foulant paint as it will decrease the transducer'ssensitivity. There are special anti-foulant paintsspecifically
designedfortransducers. They're readilyavailableat most marinedealers.

RESUME

CHARTSPEED
At poweron, the chart speed scrolls ata pre-determined speed. Fora higherspeed, press and holdthe FAST key intheCHARTsectionof thekeyboard. When the scroll speed reaches thedesired speed, release theFASTkey. Toslowthedisplay, press andholdtheSLOWkey. Pressing either ofthese keys causes the sensitivity bar at the top of the displayto change to adashed line. Theletters "CHT" willappear near thetop ofthe display. This bar represents the chart speed. If you press and hold the FAST keyfor example, the bar will start moving to the right. Thissignifys that the chart speed is increasing. There are 10 steps of chart speed. Holding either the FAST or SLOW keys, the displaycanbe speeded up or slowed down. When the horizontal bar reaches the far right side of the screen, the chartspeed isat its maximum value. TheX-40will sound atone
indicating maximum chart speed. 2nd, SLOW.

SIGNAL INTERPRETATION

Since yourX-40 is bothextremely sensitive and powerful, it gives an accuratepicture ofthebottomthat your boat is passing. A bottomof firm sand, gravel, shell, or hard clay returns a fairly wide signal. If the automatic sensitivity is offand the signal narrows down,then it meansthat you have moved over a mud bottom. Mud absorbsthe soundwave and returns a weak signal. Turn upthe sensitivity. If you have theautomatic sensitivityturned on, watchthesensitivity bar. Asthe boat passes overthe mudbottom,the X-40willautomatically increasethe sensitivitytomaintain agood bottomsignal. Thesensitivity barwill helpyou indetermining ifthe bottomis softor hard. If it increaseswhilein the same depth ofwater, then theboat hasmoved overa softbottom. Ifitdecreases,then 'it isovera hard bottom. Of course, as the water depth increases or decreases, the sensitivity will also change.
To viewthe chart speed without changing it, press 2nd, FAST or
Attimes it is desirable to stop or "freeze"thedisplayto examine an echobeforeit scrollsoffthescreen. PressingtheSTOP/RESUMEkey oncewill freezethe display. Theword "STOP"appears nearthetop ofthe atthe last display. Press STOP/RESUMEagaintostartthedisplaymoving chart speedsetting. lfthedigitalsonar ison,thebottomdepthiscontinually displayed. Thedigitaldoesnotstopwhenthechartisinthe"freeze" mode.

Bigrooks orstumpson a smooth bottomsend backsignals above the bottom level signal. Theheight ofthesignal depends on thetarget's height. As you pass over a post, it will be clearlyvisible as a short line extending above the bottomsignal.
A steep slopereturns awide signal, thesteeper thewider. Signals returned froma high underwater cliff are usually the widestof all.
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TRANSDUCERS AND CONE ANGLES
a coneshaped beam. Thislooksmuch likethebeam fromaflashlight. The
angle between the outside edges of thecone is the cone angle. Lowrance offers a choice of transducers with either an 8 or 20 coneangle. Thesewill interchange with anyofthe192 kHzsonar degree products. In otherwords, use any Lowrance sonar Instrument with any Lowrance transducer ofthe same frequency with no lossof performance. result inaloss However, theuseofanyothermanufacturers'transducerwill
Thesoundwaves fromthetransducer spread out intothewaterin
There aretenscalemarkers on both sides ofthedisplay. printed Thishelpstodetermine thedepth of atarget. Forexample, Ifthe rangeis 0to 60 feet, then eachmark Is equal tosixfeet. Ifa target(such asafish) Is nexttothe5th line, then itis 30feet deep. (5linestimes6feet= 30feet.) To make it easier to usethe depth scale, use ranges in multiples often, Le. 10,20,30, etc.

of performance.

Typically, wide cone angle transducers (20 degrees) are ideal for operating in shallow to medium waterdepths. The20 degree coneangle allowsyou toseemoreoftheunderwaterworld. In 15feet ofwaterthe20 degree conecoversanarea about sixfeetacross. The8degreetransducer covers only about a two foot circle.
When the X-40 is in automatic, the ranges change to keep the bottom signal onthedisplay as the bottom depth varies. At times, however, it may be desirable to expand the range or zoom In on a

lOG ISO

r a' Ttt. IBt

Con.MgI.

DIITIS
target. Theupperlimit adjustsfrom 0 to 9989 feet and the lower limit fromlOto999Qfeet. Any combination of the two limits Is allowed exceptthelowerlimitcannotbecloser than ten feet to the upper limit. Entering a segment less than ten feet causesthe X-40 to sound an alert. The range will then remain at the previous setting.
NOTE: Themaximum depth capability of the X-40 dependson water and bottom conditions plus the installation. qualityofthetransducer See the specifications for typical bottom depth capability.

LOWER LIMIT 11

8at3db
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LOWER LIMIT

Tochange the lowerlimit, first make certain theword "AUTO" Is offat thetop ofthescreen. Thisindicatesthat the automatic mode is off. (Note: This also disables theautomatic sensitivity function.) If theautomatic mode is on, press theAUTO key onceto disableIt. Next, pressthelowerlimitdesired from 10 to 9999 feet and press the LOWER LIMIT key. Thedisplaywillimmediately change to the new depth range and
displaythenewlowerlimitatthebottom of the screen. For example, to setthe range from 0 to 80 feet, press 8,O,LOWER

LIMIT.

MENU #4- DIGITALAVERAGING
Thedigital sonar used intheX40 is a highly sensitive device that gives rapid updates of the water's depth. Under most conditions, the bottom contourchanges so quIckthat the displayappears to "Jitter". In otherwords, thedisplaywillchange soquicklythat it can be difficult to determine theactual bottom depth. To minmize this condition,theX.40 averages thebottomreadresult. WhentheXings anddisplaysthe 40 is first turned on, averaging is enabled. To disable it, press
2nd,COMMAND until menu 4 appears, orpress 4,2nd,COMMAND. Next, press the up or down arrow in the ZONE ALARM section ofthe keyboard toturn it offoron. Waitsixsecondsforthedisplay to clear or press theCLEAR key to resume operation.
NOTE: The maximum lower limit the X40 can display is 9999 feet. However, the actual depth that it can reach Is dependent on water and bottom conditions, plusthequality ofthetransducerinstallation. When the X-40 changes rangeswhile intheautomaticmode, the lowerlimitselected willalways bea multiple often. Inotherwordsthelower limit will be a number that ends in zero such as ten, twenty,forty, one hundred, etc.
MENU #5- PULSE WIDTH - page 22 MENU #6-SCC-page2O MENU #7 - ZOOM SIZE (AUTOMATICBO1TOMTRACKING) - page 13 MENU

UPPER LIMIT

I UPPER LIMIT
feature. - Tochangethe display'supperlimit, first makecertain that AUTO is off. Then simplypress the desired depth (any numberbetween 0 and 9989feet). Next, press the UPPERUMITkey. Theonly restriction on the upperlimitisthatitmustnotbeclosertothelowerllmttthan Ofeet. Inother words,settingthelowerlimitto81 feet prevents theupperlimitfrom being closerthan 71 feet. It requires atenfoot or largersegment. Remember, you cannot change theupperlimit if the X-40 Is in automatic. Set upper and lower limits in various combinations to show segments anywhere betweenthe surface and the bottom. Thispermits a scaleexpansion or "zoom"of a portion ofthedisplay.
Often ft'sdesirable to expand or "ZOOM" asectionofthedisplay toshowmoredetail. You cando this on theX-40 by usingthe Upper Limit
#8- FEET/FATHOMS/METERS - page 21.
Thesefunctionsare printedin white on keysonthe keyboard. For example press 2nd, 0 for the pulse width menu. However, they were included in the Command section since they are available by pressing the COMMAND key. Youcan also pressthe menu number, thenthe2ndkey, thentheCOMMANDkey. Forexample, press5, 2nd, COMMAND for the Pulse Width menu. Since these functionshave been explained previously, please refer to the page numbers listed abovefor Instructions.

To CHANCE PRESS ALARM

Tousethisfeature, first choose
a zoomwindow. Forexample, lets use a 40 foot zoomwindow. This means that theX-40 will keeptheupper limit 40 feet above the lower limit. Automatically placingthebottom signal inthiswindow, or theX-40tracksitas itmoves shallower Nowpress4, 0, 2nd, BTM TRK. deeper. TheX-40will chooseanupperand lower limit that will place the bottom signal in the 40 foot window. The bottom will always be inside this window. If the segment size is 40 feet or greater, the windowlimitswill end in zero (10,20,30, etc.). Otherwisethelimitsare in one foot

Increments.

TO CHANCE

SCALES

. ZOO,r,1

COMMAND

TheX-40 has "menus"of command theunittoyourneeds.Thereare8pagesofn are accessedwiththe COMMANDkey. Pres menu appears. Asyoucanseeonthenext Volume. Thenumber "1" atthe bottomofth numberone. Pressthe COMMANDkeyagaii
2nd, COMMAND until this menu appears, orpress3, 2nd, COMMAND. Use the arrow keys in the ZONE ALARM sectionto switchthenumbers off or on. Press CLEAR to activateyour selection or wait several secondsand it will automatically activate.
tjF. TO CHANCE ZOOM SIZE ENTER SIZE THEN F'RES 2ND AND :3

IS OFF

FOR NO CHANCE PRESS CLEAR

FOR NO CHANGE

To change menu selections, use ALARM section of the keyboard. Once yot

PRESS CLEAR

If you simply press 2nd, BTM theX-40 displaysascreen describTRK,
Ing how to activatethe AutomaticBottomTra BottomTracking Is on, press the upor downar ZONE ALARM sectionto incrementor decreni 20 example, ifthewindowsize is currently feet, press theuparrowintheZONE ALARMsection to30feet. If thedown arrowwas pressed, the ',I to 10 feet. Ifthe X-40's range is in fathoms, ti windowsize In 2 fathom steps. If ft's in meters in 4 meterstepswith each press ofthearrow

SENSTI7ITY

I DIGITAL ISHALLOWI ALAflI I iO ALARM I
pressing a key and itwillautomatically erase.
To viewthe 8CC level withoutchanging it, simply press 2nd, 8CC. To turn 8CCoff, press 0, 2nd, 8CCor CLEAR,2nd, 8CC.
To exitfrom this function, press 0, 2nd BTM TAK. Or press the AUTO keytoturn off

GRAYLINE

1GIIAYLIN9
The GRAYLINE functions tells the displayed on the screen. It also gives clues bottom. In other words, you can tell ifthe boti bottom returnsastrong signal causingawide weedybottomreturnsaweakersignal which
The digital sonar normallydisplays the bottom depth in whole nurnbert Displaythebottomdepthintenths of a foot in waterless than 100 feet by pressing 2nd, 10th. Ifthe bottomdepth goes deeper than 99.9 feet, the digital sonarwillautomatically displayin whole numbers again. If the chart is in the freeze mode, the digital display will continue to showthe bottomdepth as it changes. It does not freeze whenthe chart does. Thus, you can distinguish alarms. shallowwaterwarningsfromfish

If the range is changed, the zonealarm settingsmay need to be changedalso, sincetheydon't trackthe range settings.
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TotumtheZoneAlarmoff, pressCLEAR,SHALLOWSETorDEEP SET. All oftheZoneAlarm settings will remain inmemoryuntil theX-40 is turnedoff. Pressing eithershallowordeep setkeyswillturntheZoneAlarrn back on with theprevious settings.

IflND1

FAUT1 LIGHT

DEPTH ALARM.

I DIGITAL ISHAU.OW ALARM

DIEP ALARM

A light Is allowsoperation oftheX-40 at night. Atfirst, turningthe uniton causesthe lightstoflashforsixseconds. Pressthe2nd, UGHT keys and thelightswill stay on. Toturnthe lights off, pressthe2nd, LIGHT keys again. Thelights will also go out whenthe X-40 is turned off. DISCRIMINATION
inwatershallowerthanthealarm setpoint. Thedeep awarningwhenyou're alarm gives a warningin water at ordeeperthanthe alarm set point. The bottom signal is the onlyecho that will trigger either theshallowor deep alarm. NOTE: Inorderto usethedepth alarms, eitherthedigitalorautomaticmust
Thedepth alarm is actually twoalarms. The shallow alarm gives
Unwanted noise on the display is a fairly common complaint. Noise is any undesired signal. It can be caused by either an electrical or acousticsource, oracombination ofthetwo. In both cases, the noisecan produceunwanted markson the display.

be on.

Sellingboth the shallow and deep alarmsatthesame timeallows a "window" to be positioned betweenthesurface and the bottom. Ifthe boat goesIntowaterthat is shallowerthan theshallow alarm'sselling, the alarmwillsound. Adifferenttonewill sound ifthebottom goesdeeperthan the deep alarm setting. This makes a useful anchor watch. It is also convenient when navigating througha channel. To usetheshallow alarm, enterthe desired depth on the 10-key pad,thenpresstheSHALLOWALARMkey. Forexample, tosettheshallow alarm to 15 feet, press 1,5,SHALLOWALARM. Thenumber15 displays on the screen as it'sentered, then disappears. Theletters "DA"appearinthe lowerportionofthescreen toindicateit isactivated. Nowifthe boat moves into water fifteen feet deep or less, the alarm will sound and thewords "SHALALM" will flashon the display. The deep alarm is used in the same manner. Enterthe desired DEEPALARMkey. Forexample, tosetthe deepalarm depth,then pressthe to 50 feet, press5, 0, DEEP ALARM. If theboat moves intowater50 feet deep or deeper, thealarm will sound. Thewords "DEEP ALM" also flash on thedisplay.

TheX-40 hasDiscriminationwhichis effective In combatingnoise It processes all incoming echoes fromthereceiver, determines which onesare noiseand eliminates them, displaying only thelegitimate echoes. Discrimination hasten levels -0 through 10. 0 is off, 10 is the
signals. highestlevel. TurningtheX-4oonautomaticallysets Discriminationtolevel 1. If too much noise is present on the display, press the level of

DIscRIMINATIoN:OFF

Nsfl-fv1Ty-----.
DIscRIMINATIoN:PROPERSEllING
To view the settings of the shallowor deep alarms, press the SHALLOW ALARM or DEEPALARM keys.
To turn each alarm off, press 0, SHALLOW ALARM or 0, DEEP ALARM. TheCLEARkeycanbe used inplaceofthe0 key, ifdesired. Ifboth shallowanddeepalarmsareturnedoff,theletters "DA" will disappearfrom the display.
19 PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

INSTALLATION AND OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION..... 1 INSTALLATION - BRACKET.... 1 POWER CONNECTIONS.... 2 SPEED/TEMPERATURE SENSORS... 3 CONNECTORS.... 6 TRANSDUCER INSTALLATION.... TRANSDUCER INSTALLATION... TRANSDUCER INSTALLATION.... 14 KEYBOARD BASICS.... 20 OPERATION..... 21 POWER/LIGHTS.... 21 MENUS..... 21 DUAL FREQUENCY OPERATION... 21 MODES..... 23 WINDOWS..... 24 REPROGRAM WINDOW GROUPS.... 25 AUTOMATIC..... 26 SENSITIVITY.... 27 RANGE..... 28 UPPER AND LOWER LIMITS... 29 ZOOM..... 30 GRAYLINE..... 31 CHART SPEED..... 32 FISH ID..... 33 FISHTRACK.... 33 CHART SETUP.... 34 CHART CURSOR..... 34 DISPLAY ZOOM BAR.... 35 DISPLAY ZONE BAR.... 35 DIGITAL SONAR.... 35 ALARMS..... 36 DEPTH ALARMS.... 36 ZONE ALARM..... 38 FISH ALARM..... 38 ADJUST CHART SURFACE CLARITY.... 38 ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING (ASP)... 39 SYSTEM SETUP..... 40 AUDIO/DISPLAY.... 40 SYSTEM INFORMATION.... 40 UNITS OF MEASURE.... 40 TEMPERATURE GRAPH.... 41 RESET DISTANCE LOG.... 41 PRESET OPTIONS.... 41 KEEL OFFSET.... 41 CALIBRATE SPEED..... 42 SIMULATOR.... 42 WINDOWS SUMMARY.... 43 TROUBLESHOOTING.... 44 WARRANTY..... 47
Copyright 1998, Lowrance Electronics, Inc. All rights reserved. All features and specifications subject to change without notice. Lowrance Electronics may find it necessary to change or end our shipping policies, regulations, and special offers at any time. We reserve the right to do so without notice. All screens in this manual are simulated.

INTRODUCTION

The X-75 and X-85 are the latest members of the Lowrance family that combines a high performance sonar with a wide, high definition screen. Using menu features and soft-key operation, these units are also easy to use. The wide screen shows the underwater world with high resolution and detail. The display and keyboard are also lighted for night operation. They have digital boat speed, surface water temperature, and distance travelled (log) screens. (Requires optional ST-TBK speed/temperature sensor for both speed and temperature screens.) The optional SAM-50HPD gives these units 50 kHz capability.The 3000 watt transmitter in the SAM-50HPD plus the low frequency gives the units far more depth penetration. This, along with the wider cone angle transducers, makes 50 kHz operation ideal for ocean and Great Lakes use.
SPECIFICATIONS Dimensions.. 4.94"H x 6.10"W x 2.71"D Transmitter Frequency.. 192 kHz X-75 Transmitter Power.. 600 watts (p-p, typical) 75 watts (RMS, typical) X-85 Transmitter Power.. 3000 watts (p-p, typical) 375 watts (RMS, typical) Display.. Supertwist LCD 240 vertical x 240 horizontal 57,600 total pixels

INSTALLATION

MOUNTING Install the unit in any convenient location, provided there is clearance behind the unit when it is tilted for the best viewing angle. Holes in the bracket base allow wood screw or through-bolt mounting. You may need to place a piece of plywood on the back of thin fiberglass panels to secure the mounting hardware. Make certain there is enough room behind the unit to attach the power and transducer cables. The gimbal bracket will also accept the GBSA-1 swivel bracket adapter that lets you rotate the unit a full 360. The smallest hole that allows one power or transducer connector to pass through is 3/4". After the hole is drilled, push the transducer connector up through the hole first, then drop the power cable down through it.
After the cables have been routed, fill the hole with a good marine sealing compound. Offset the bracket to cover the hole. Route the power cable through the slot. Break out one of the holes in the back of the bracket for the transducer cable.
POWER CONNECTIONS The unit works from a twelve-volt battery system. For the best results, attach the power cable directly to the battery. You can attach the power cable to an accessory or power buss, however you may have problems with electrical interference. Therefore, its safer to go ahead and attach the power cable directly to the battery. If the cable is not long enough, splice #18 gauge wire onto it. The power cable has two wires, red and black. Red is the positive lead, black is negative or ground. Make certain to attach the in-line fuse holder to the red lead as close to the power source as possible. For example, if you have to extend the power cable to the battery or power buss, attach one end of the fuse holder directly to the battery or power buss. This will protect both the unit and the power cable in the event of a short. It uses a 3-amp fuse. IMPORTANT! Do not use this product without a 3-amp fuse wired into the power cable! Failure to use a 3-amp fuse will void your warranty. If youre installing a speed/temperature sensor, read it's mounting instructions. Route the sensors cable to the power cable and plug it into the connector marked SPEED/TEMP CABLE

(20 Transducer Only) Typically, shoot-thru-hull installations give excellent high speed operation and good to excellent depth capability. There is no possibility of damage from floating objects. It can't be knocked off when docking or loading on the trailer. However, the shoot-thru-hull installation does have its drawbacks. One, some loss of sensitivity does occur, even on the best hulls. This varies from hull to hull, even from different installations on the same hull. This is caused by differences in hull layup and construction. Two, the angle of the transducer cannot be adjusted for the best fish arches. This can be a problem on some hulls that sit with the bow high when at rest or at slow trolling speeds. Follow the procedure listed in the shoot-thru-hull installation section in this manual to determine if you can satisfactorily shoot through the hull.
Transducer Assembly and Mounting - 20 Transducer Only The best way to install this transducer is to loosely assemble all of the parts first, place the transducers bracket against the transom and see if you can move the transducer so that its parallel with the ground. 1. Press the two small plastic ratchets into the sides of the metal bracket as shown below. Notice there are letters molded into each ratchet. Place each ratchet into the bracket with the letter A aligned with the dot stamped into the metal bracket. This position sets the transducers coarse angle adjustment for a fourteen (14) degree transom. Most outboard and stern-drive transoms have a fourteen degree angle.
2. Slide the transducer between the two ratchets. Temporally slide the bolt though the transducer assembly and hold it against the transom. Looking at the transducer from the side, check to see if it will adjust so that its face is parallel to the ground. If it does, then the A position is correct for your hull. If the transducers face isnt parallel with the ground, remove the transducer and ratchets from the bracket. Place the ratchets into the holes in the bracket with the letter B aligned with the dot stamped in the bracket. Reassemble the transducer and bracket and place them against the transom. Again, check to see if you can move the transducer so its parallel with the ground. If you can, then go to step 3. If it doesnt, repeat step 2, but use a different letter until you can place the transducer on the transom correctly.

RATCHETS

3. Once you determine the correct position for the ratchets, assemble the transducer as shown at left. Don't tighten the lock nut at this time.

NUT METAL WASHER

RUBBER WASHERS BOLT

METAL WASHER

CAUTION! CLAMP THE TRANSDUCER CABLE TO TRANSOM NEAR THE TRANSDUCER. THIS WILL HELP PREVENT THE TRANSDUCER FROM ENTERING THE BOAT IF IT IS KNOCKED OFF AT HIGH SPEED.

GOOD LOCATION

POOR LOCATION

POOR ANGLE GOOD LOCATION

4. Hold the transducer and bracket assembly against the transom. The transducer should be roughly parallel to the ground. The bottom of the transducer bracket should be in line with the bottom of the hull. Don't let the bracket extend below the hull! Mark the center of the slots for the mounting holes. Drill two 5/32" holes in the marked locations for the #10 screws supplied with the transducer.

TRANSOM

SIDE VIEW
5. Remove the transducer from the bracket and re-assemble it with the cable passing through the bracket over the bolt as shown above. Attach the transducer to the transom. Slide the transducer up or down until its aligned properly on the transom as shown above. Tighten the brackets mounting screws. Adjust the transducer so that its parallel to the ground and tighten the lock nut until it touches the flat washer, then add 1/4 turn. Dont over tighten the lock nut! If you do, the transducer wont kick-up if it strikes an object in the water. 6. Route the transducer cable to the sonar unit. Make certain to leave some slack inthe cable at the transducer as shown above. If possible, route the transducer cable away from other wiring on the boat. Electrical noise from the engines wiring, bilge pumps, VHF radio wires and cables, and aerators can be picked up by the sonar. Use caution when routing the transducer cable around these wires. IMPORTANT! Clamp the transducer cable to the transom close to the transducer. This can prevent the transducer from entering the boat if it is knocked off at high speed. 7. Make a test run to determine the results. If the bottom is lost at high speed, or if noise appears on the display, try sliding the transducer bracket down. This puts the transducer deeper into the water, hopefully below the turbulence causing the noise. Don't allow the transducer bracket to go below the bottom of the hull!

SHOOT-THRU-HULL

(20 Transducer Only) The transducer installation inside a fiberglass hull must be in an area that does not have air bubbles in the resin or separated fiberglass layers. The sonar signal must pass through solid fiberglass. A successful transducer installation can be made on hulls with flotation materials (such as plywood, balsa wood, or foam) between layers of fiberglass if the material is removed from the chosen area. For example, some manufacturers use a layer of fiberglass, then a core of balsa wood, finishing with an outer layer of fiberglass. Removing the inner layer of fiberglass and the balsa wood core exposes the outer layer of fiberglass. The transducer can then be epoxied directly to the outer layer of fiberglass. After the epoxy cures, the hull is watertight and structurally sound. Remember, the sonar signal must pass through solid fiberglass. Any air bubbles in the fiberglass or the epoxy will reduce or eliminate the sonar signals. To choose the proper location for thru-hull mounting, anchor the boat in 60 feet of water. Add a little water to the sump of the boat. Plug the
FILL WITH EPOXY INNER HULL

EPOXY TO HULL FIRST

OUTER HULL
transducer into the sonar unit, turn it on, then hold the transducer over the side of the boat. Adjust the sensitivity and range controls until a second bottom echo is seen on the display. (you will need to turn both automatic and ASP off.) Dont touch the controls once theyve been set. Next, take the transducer out of the water and place it in the water in the sump of the boat. Observe the sonar signal to see if there is a noticeable decrease in sensitivity. The second bottom signal may disappear and the bottom signal may decrease in intensity. Move the transducer around to find the best location. If the sensitivity control has to be increased greatly to compensate, then the transducer should be mounted on the outside of the hull. If not, then mark the location that shot through the hull the best and follow the instructions on the next pages for a shoot-thru-hull mounting.
TRANSDUCER LOCATION (HIGH SPEED)
TRANSDUCER LOCATION (TROLLING SPEED)
Shoot-thru-hull Installation
(20 Transducer Only) 1. Make certain the area is clean, dry, and free of oil or grease, then sand both the inside surface of the hull and the face of the transducer with 100 grit sandpaper. The surface of the hull must be flat so the entire transducer face is in contact with the hull prior to bonding.

SPREAD EPOXY HERE

SAND THIS SURFACE
2. Follow the instructions on the epoxy package and mix it thoroughly. Do not mix it too fast, as it will cause bubbles to form in the epoxy. Apply a small amount on the face of the transducer as shown above, then spread a small amount onto the sanded area on the hull. Place the transducer into the epoxy, twisting and turning it to force any air bubbles out from under the transducer face. The face of the transducer should be parallel with the hull, with a minimum amount of epoxy between the hull and transducer. After the epoxy dries, route the cable to the sonar unit.

-3.0o +42.0o

ANGLE OF ATTACK
LOCK WASHER BOLT NUT FLAT WASHER

FLAT WASHER

2. Once you've determined the proper ratchet placement, assemble the transducer and bracket as shown above. Don't tighten the nut at this time. INSTALLATION - Location 1. The transducer must be placed in a location that has a smooth flow of water at all times. Air bubbles created by the movement of the boat hull against the water interfere with the sonar signal. This causes noise or random marks to appear on the sonars display. You may need to carefully view the waters path at the transom while the boat is moving to determine the best location for the transducer. 2. Make certain the chosen location doesnt interfere with the boats trailer. Mount the transducer at least one foot from the engines lower unit. This will prevent air bubbles from the transducer interfering with the propeller.
POOR LOCATION GOOD LOCATION POOR ANGLE
3. Dont mount the transducer directly behind strakes or ribs on the bottom of the hull. Typically, a good location on aluminum boats is between the ribs closest to the engine. 4. Once you determine the best location for the transducer, hold the bracket against the transom. The transducer should be roughly parallel to the ground. The bottom of the hull should be about halfway between the centerline of the transducer and its bottom. (See the illustration below.)
Mark the transom in the center of each slot in the transducer bracket. Now drill one hole in the center of each slot. Use #12 stainless steel screws (not included) to loosely attach the brackets to the transom. 5. Adjust the transducer and bracket so that the front of the transducer is slightly lower than the back. See the section on fish arches in this manual for proper transducer angles. Tighten all screws. Clamp the transducer cable to the transom close to the transducer. This will prevent the transducer from entering the boat should it be knocked off at high speed.
6. Route the transducer cable to the sonar unit. Keep the transducer cable away from other wiring on the boat, if possible. Electrical noise from engine wiring or bilge pumps can be picked up on the transducer cable. This can show up as unwanted interference on the sonar display.

FLAT-BOTTOM HULL

DEEP-"VEE" HULL
NOTE: Some aluminum boats with strakes or ribs on the outside of the hull create large amounts of turbulence at high speed. These boats typically have large outboard motors capable of propelling the boat at speeds over 35 mph. The transducer should be mounted as far below the hull as possible on these boats. This will place the face of the transducer below the turbulent water, allowing the sonar unit to work at high speeds. 7. Make a test run to determine the results. If there is interference on the display when running the boat at high speed, try lowering or changing the angle of the transducer. NOTE Periodically wash the transducer's face with soap and water to remove any oil film. Oil and dirt on the face will reduce the sensitivity or may even prevent operation. CAUTION! MAKE CERTAIN TO CLAMP THE TRANSDUCER CABLE TO THE TRANSOM NEAR THE TRANSDUCER. THIS WILL HELP PREVENT THE TRANSDUCER FROM ENTERING THE BOAT IF IT IS KNOCKED OFF AT HIGH SPEED.
KEYBOARD The keyboard has keys arranged in two vertical columns beneath the arrow keys. The menu key near the bottom left corner of the keyboard activates the first menu page. The other keys are used to activate the alarm menu, make menu selections, and change modes. MODE - Pressing this key switches the unit between different modes. MENU - Press this key to show the menus and gain access to most functions. ARROW KEYS - These keys are used to make menu selections and to move objects on the screen. ZOUT, ZIN - These keys let you zoom the screen in and out to see detail. ALARM - Press this key to activate any of the sonar alarms. PWR - This key turns the sonar unit and it's lights on and off. ENT, EXIT - These keys let you enter or erase values.

ZOUT MODE MENU ENT

ZIN ALARM EXIT PWR

OPERATION

POWER/LIGHTS To turn the unit on, simply press the PWR key. A screen similar to the one at right appears.
The PWR key also controls the lights. Once the it's turned on, press the PWR key to turn the lights on. Press the PWR key again to turn the lights off. To turn the sonar unit off, press and hold the PWR key while a "countdown" appears on the screen. The unit will shut itself off when the countdown reaches zero. Release the PWR key. MENUS The sonar unit uses menus extensively to guide you through the functions and features of the unit. To use the menus, simply press the MENU key. The options on the menus let you to customize the unit to your particular needs and water conditions. Use the up and down arrow keys to move to different menus. The left and right arrow keys select and adjust menu items. If you ever get lost in a menu, simply press the EXIT key. This clears the menus from the screen. DUAL FREQUENCY OPERATION This unit has the capability to operate at both 192 kHz and 50 kHz when the optional SAM-50HPD is attached. When the sonar unit is turned on for the first time, 192 kHz only is in use. To activate the 50 kHz SAM, press the MENU key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the "CHART SETUP" menu appears. Press the right arrow key. The screen shown at right appears. Now highlight the "CHART FREQ" label at the bottom of the screen. Use the left or right arrow keys to switch to the desired operating frequency, then press the EXIT to erase this menu.

When the single frequency mode is enabled, as shown at right, adjusting sensitivity or grayline is straightforward. Simply press the MENU key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the desired menu appears, then make the adjustment using the left or right arrow keys.
However, you can adjust some features separately when you're using both 50 and 192 kHz. For example, the sensitivity menu shown at right lets you select either the 192 or 50 kHz chart by pressing the appropriate arrow key. To adjust the 192 kHz sensitivity, press the left arrow key. The screen shown below appears.
This is the 192 kHz sensitivity menu. Press the left or right arrow keys to adjust it, then press the EXIT key to erase the menu. See page 27 for more information on sensitivity adjustment.
MODES This unit has five different modes: FASTRAK, digital/chart, split-chart, full chart, and window groups. Each of these modes also has multiple options. To select a different mode, first press the MODE key. A screen similar to the one at right appears. Press the up or down arrow key to select the desired mode, then press the left or right arrow key to select an option from that mode, if necessary. Press the EXIT key to erase the menu. FASTRAK This feature converts all echoes to short horizontal lines on the displays far right side. The graph continues to operate normally. FASTRAK gives you a rapid update of conditions directly under the boat. This makes it useful for ice fishing, or when youre fishing at anchor. Since the unit is not moving, fish signals are long, drawn out lines on a normal chart display. FASTRAK converts the graph to a vertical bar graph that, with practice, makes a useful addition to fishing at a stationary location. Full Chart This is the default mode used when the unit is first turned on. The bottom signal scrolls across the screen from right to left. Depth scales on the right side of the screen makes it easy to determine the depth of fish, structure, and other objects. The line at the top of the screen represents the surface. The bottom depth shows at the top left corner of the screen. "192" next to the digital depth shows the frequency of the digital sonar. In this case, it's operating at 192 kHz. The word "AUTO" at the screen's top center shows that the sonar is in the automatic mode, freeing you from sensitivity, range, and noise rejection adjustments.The "192 KHZ" at the bottom of the screen shows that this chart is operating at 192 kHz. You can switch the full chart between 192 and 50 kHz.
Split Chart The split chart normally shows the underwater world from the surface to the bottom on the right side of the screen. The left side shows an enlarged version of the right side. The zoom range shows at the bottom of the screen. In the split 192 kHz example screen shown at right, the zoom range is 2X, or two times the right side's view. By pressing the ZOUT and ZIN keys, you can change the left side's zoom from 2X to 4X and back. You can switch the split chart screen from 192 kHz to split 50 kHz to 192/50 or 50/192. Digital/Chart The digital/chart shows the chart on the right side of the screen. The left side has four digital boxes containing the water depth at the top of the screen, boat speed, distance travelled (log), and surface water temperature. At the bottom of the screen is a temperature graph. (Note: Speed, distance, and temperature displays require a speed/temperature sensor(s) which must be purchased separately.) Windows The windows feature lets you use different displays for your own fishing or boating situations. It also gives you 8 different display screens in the window groups alone. The screens available in the windows mode are divided into two or more windows per screen. Each screen of windows is called a group. Group A as shown at right has the digital depth display in one window, battery voltage in another, water temperature, speed, and distance travelled. To use the windows feature, first press the MODE key. A screen similar to the one shown at right appears. Highlight the "Group" menu at the bottom of the screen. Now press

the left or right arrow keys to sequence through the available groups. When the desired group appears, press the EXIT key to erase the modes menu. Reprogram Windows Groups You can customize the window groups to meet your own fishing or boating situations. This unit gives you eight different windows that can be rearranged into many combinations. To reprogram a group, first go to the "System Setup" menu as shown at right. Next, highlight the "Reprogram Groups" label and press the right arrow key. A screen similar to the one shown at right appears. Press the right or left arrow keys to select the window group that you want reprogrammed. We'll customize group "H" in this example. Once the desired window group shows, press the up arrow key to reprogram it. The screen shown at the bottom of this page appears. The 1/4 chart appears in the upper right corner. Press the left or right arrow keys to view the available windows. When the desired window appears, press the up arrow key to select it. The unit adds this window to the selected group, then returns to this screen so you can select the next window. Once you've selected all of the windows for your group, it returns to normal operation with the customized screen showing. In this example, we changed group "H" to the one shown at the top of the next page.
Reset Window Groups To return all groups to the factory settings, use the "Preset Options" on the "System Setup" menu. To return only one group to its factory setting, select "reprogram groups" from the "System Setup" menu. The screen shown below right appears.
Press the left or right arrow key until the desired window group that you want to reset appears. When it appears, simply press the down arrow key and the unit will reset only that group. Press the EXIT key to erase the menu.
AUTOMATIC When the sonar unit is first turned on, the Automatic feature is enabled. This is indicated by the word AUTO at the top of the screen. The Automatic feature adjusts the sensitivity and range so the bottom signal is displayed in the lower half of the screen at all times. To turn Automatic off, first press the MENU key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the "AUTO" menu appears. Press the left arrow key to switch to the manual mode. The letters Man appear at the top of the screen, indicating the unit is in the manual mode. To turn Automatic on, repeat the above steps to get the auto menu, then press the right arrow key.
SENSITIVITY The sensitivity controls the ability of the unit to pick up echoes. A low sensitivity level excludes much of the bottom information, fish signals, and other target information. High sensitivity levels enables you to see this detail, but it can also clutter the screen with many undesired signals. Typically, the best sensitivity level shows a good solid bottom signal with Grayline and some surface clutter. When the it's in the Automatic mode, the sensitivity is automatically adjusted to keep a solid bottom signal displayed, plus a little more. This gives it the capability to show fish and other detail. However, situations occur where it becomes necessary to increase or decrease the sensitivity. This typically happens when you wish to see more detail, so an increase in sensitivity is indicated. The procedure to adjust it is the same whether the unit is in the automatic or manual mode. To adjust the sensitivity, press the MENU key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the "SENS" menu appears as shown above. The sensitivity menu has left and right arrows, plus a horizontal bar graph. The graph gives a visual indication of the sensitivity level. The number to the right of the bar graph shows the percentage of sensitivity in use. To increase the sensitivity level, press the right arrow key. As you press the key, the menus bar graph will grow wider and the percentage will increase in value. You can also see the difference on the chart record as it scrolls. When the sensitivity is at the desired level, release the key. To decrease the sensitivity level, press the left arrow key. The bar graph and percentage will decrease. When the sensitivity is at the desired level, release the key. When you reach either the maximum or minimum limit, a tone sounds. To erase the menu, press the EXIT key.

down arrow keys until the GRAYLINE menu appears. A screen similar to the one at right appears. Press the left arrow key to decrease the gray level or the right arrow key to increase it. The percentage of GRAYLINE in use changes as the arrow keys are pressed. The bar chart also gives a graphical indication of the GRAYLINE level. You can see the change on the screen (both on the menu and on the chart record) as you press the keys. After youve finished, press the EXIT key to erase the menu. CHART SPEED The rate echoes scroll across the screen is called the chart speed. Its adjustable by first pressing the menu key, then pressing the up or down arrow keys until the "CHT SPD" (chart speed) menu appears as shown below left. Increase the chart speed by pressing the right arrow key or decrease it by pressing the left arrow key. The percentage of chart speed in use changes as the arrow keys are pressed. The bar chart also gives a graphical indication of the chart speed. You can see the change on the screen (both on the menu and on the chart record) as you press the keys. After youve made the adjustment, press the EXIT key to erase the menu.

CHART SPEED MENU

CHART STOP MENU
To stop the chart, press the menu key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the "CHART" menu appears as shown above right. Press the left arrow key to stop the chart. To start the chart again, press the right arrow key.
FISH ID The Fish ID feature identifies targets that meet certain conditions as fish. The microcomputer analyses all echoes and eliminates surface clutter, thermoclines, and other signals that are undesirable. In most instances, remaining targets are fish. The Fish ID feature displays symbols on the screen in place of the actual fish echoes. There are four fish symbol sizes: tiny, small, medium, and large. These are used to designate the relative size between targets. In other words, it displays a small fish symbol when it thinks a target is a small fish, a medium fish symbol on a larger target, etc. The microcomputer is sophisticated, but it can be fooled. It can't distinguish between fish and other suspended objects such as trotlines, turtles, submerged floats, air bubbles, etc. Individual tree limbs extending outwards from a group of limbs is the hardest object for the Fish ID feature to distinguish from fish. You may see Fish ID symbols on the screen when actually, there are no fish. Practice with the unit in both the Fish ID mode and without to become more familiar with the Fish ID feature. When the unit is turned on for the first time, the Fish ID feature is automatically turned off. To turn the Fish ID feature on, press the menu key, then press the arrow keys until the FISH ID menu appears. Press the right arrow key to turn the fish ID feature on. To turn the Fish ID feature off again, repeat the above steps, but press the left arrow key until "OFF" is highlighted. Any targets the microcomputer determines are fish will be displayed as fish symbols. Remember, the Fish ID feature cant be used when the unit is in the manual mode. If you turn the Fish ID feature on when the unit is in manual, the microcomputer will turn the automatic feature on. If you turn automatic off when the Fish ID feature is on, the Fish ID feature will be turned off also. FISHTRACK The FishTrack feature shows the depth of a fish symbol when it appears on the display. This lets you accurately gauge the depth of targets. This feature is available only when the Fish ID feature is on.

SYSTEM SETUP The following features are available through the "System Setup" menu. To access this menu, press the MENU key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the "System Setup" menu appears. Press the right arrow key. The screen shown at right appears. Audio/Display You can adjust the display's contrast, turn the speaker off or on, and adjust the light intensity using this menu. To do this, highlight the "Audio/Display" label on the system setup menu, then press the right arrow key. The screen at right appears. To adjust the contrast, highlight the "Contrast" menu, then use the left or right arrow key to change it. Look at the pattern at the bottom of this screen to adjust the contrast for the best sharpness. To turn the speaker off, highlight the "Speaker" label, then press the left arrow key to turn it off. To adjust the backlight, highlight the "Backlight" label, then use the left and right arrow keys to change the light's intensity. System Information This screen shows some basic data about the sonar unit. To view this, highlight the "System Info" label on the System Setup menu, then press the right arrow key. The system info screen appears. To erase this screen, press the EXIT key. The unit returns to the System Setup menu. Units of Measure The sonar normally shows the depth in feet, speed in statute miles per hour, distance in statute miles, and temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. You can change any of these settings using the units of measure menu. To do this, highlight the "Units of Measure" label on the System Setup menu, then press the right arrow key. The screen at the top of the next page appears. Highlight the item you want to change, then press the right or left arrow key to change it. To erase this screen, press the EXIT key.
Temperature Graph Some of the screens have a temperature graph, as shown at right. Normally, the temperature graph has a 2 range. On the screen shown at right, the temperature graph has a range from 71 to 73. You can change this range to 4 or 10 using the "Temp Graph Scale" label on the Units of Measure menu. Highlight that label, then press the right arrow key until the desired temperature graph range is highlighted. Press the EXIT key to erase the menu. Reset Distance Log If you have a speed sensor attached, the unit starts counting the distance you've travelled each time you turn it on. You can reset this distance to zero by turning the unit off and on again, however, it's easier to highlight the "Reset Distance Log" label on the System Setup menu, then press the right arrow key. This resets the log and keeps you in the System Setup menu. To erase this menu, press the EXIT key. Preset Options The unit "remembers" all settings such as units of measure, auto/manual, sensitivity, even when power is removed from the unit. To return the unit to the factory settings, highlight the "Preset Options" label on the "System Setup" menu, then press the right arrow key. It returns to the full chart screen with all settings returned to their factory values.

Keel Offset The sonar measures water depth from the face of the transducer. Since the transducer is below the surface of the water, this distance is not the exact water depth. If the transducer is one foot below the surface, and the sonar reports the water depth as 30 feet, then the depth is actually 31 feet. You can calibrate the depth reading using the keel offset feature. First, highlight the "Keel Offset" label on the "System Setup" menu, then press the right arrow key. The screen shown at right appears. The current bottom depth shows in the upper left corner of the screen. The keel offset shows in the upper right corner. In this example, we need to change the keel offset so that the sonar will add one foot to the depth, since the transducer is one foot below the surface.
Press the right arrow key, then the up or down arrow keys until 1.0 appears in the "Adj Keel" box, as shown at right, then press the ENT key. This immediately changes the digital depth display at the top of the screen by one foot. Press the EXIT key to erase this menu. Note: Another way to use the keel offset feature is if you want to know the depth of the water below the lowest part of the boat, instead of the surface. To do this, measure the lowest part of the boat below the transducer. In this example, we'll use 3 feet. Now, using the keel offset feature, adjust the offset for a negative 3 feet. Please note that adjusting the keel offset only affects the digital depth display and all features that use the digital depth, such as the depth alarms and FishTrack. This doesn't affect the chart at all. Calibrate Speed You can calibrate the speed display if an optional speed sensor is attached. To do this, highlight the "Calibrate Speed" label on the "System Setup" menu, then press the right arrow key. A screen similar to the one at right appears. If the digital speed display is slower than your actual speed, add a positive percentage to make it read faster. If the digital speed display is faster, use a negative percentage to make it read slower. Use the arrow keys to change the speed, then press the ENT key. Press the EXIT key to erase this menu. Simulator This unit has a simulator built in that lets you use it as if you are on the water. All features and functions of the unit are usable. A message appears occasionally to remind you that the simulator is on. To use the simulator, press the MENU key, then press the up or down arrow keys until the "System Setup" menu appears. When it does, press the right arrow key. Now press the up or down arrow keys until the "Simulator" label is highlighted. Finally, press the right arrow key. The unit returns with both simulated digital data and chart echoes.

WINDOWS SUMMARY

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TROUBLESHOOTING
If your unit is not working, or if you need technical help, please use the following troubleshooting section before contacting the factory customer service department. It may save you the trouble of returning your unit. Unit wont turn on: 1. Check the power cables connection at the unit. Also check the wiring. 2. Make certain the power cable is wired properly. The red wire connects to the positive battery terminal, black to negative or ground. 3. Check the fuse. 4. Measure the battery voltage at the units power connector. It should be at least 11 volts. If it isnt, the wiring to the unit is defective, the battery terminals or wiring on the terminals are corroded, or the battery needs charging. Unit freezes, locks up, or operates erratically: 1. Electrical noise from the boats motor, trolling motor, or an accessory may be interfering with the sonar unit. Rerouting the power and transducer cables away from other electrical wiring on the boat may help. Route the sonar units power cable directly to the battery instead of through a fuse block or ignition switch 2. Inspect the transducer cable for breaks, cuts, or pinched wires. 3. Check both the transducer and power connectors. Make certain both are securely plugged in to the unit. Weak bottom echo, digital readings erratic, or no fish signals: 1. Make certain transducer is pointing straight down. Clean the face of the transducer. Oil, dirt, and fuel can cause a film to form on the transducer, reducing its effectiveness. If the transducer is mounted inside the hull, be sure it is shooting through only one layer of fiberglass and that it is securely bonded to the hull. Do NOT use RTV silicone rubber adhesive or Marinetex 2. Electrical noise from the boats motor can interfere with the sonar. This causes the sonar to automatically increase its Discrimination or noise rejection feature. This can cause the unit to eliminate weaker signals such as fish or even structure from the display.
3. The water may be deeper than the sonars ability to find the bottom. If the sonar cant find the bottom signal while its in the automatic mode, the digital will flash continuously. It may change the range to limits far greater than the water you are in. If this happens, place the unit in the manual mode, then change the range to a realistic one, (for example, 0-100 feet) and increase the sensitivity. As you move into shallower water, a bottom signal should appear. 4. Check the battery voltage. If the voltage drops, the units transmitter power also drops, reducing its ability to find the bottom or targets. Bottom echo disappears at high speeds or erratic digital reading or weak bottom echo while boat is moving 1. The transducer may be in turbulent water. It must be mounted in a smooth flow of water in order for the sonar to work at all boat speeds. Air bubbles in the water disrupt the sonar signals, interfering with its ability to find the bottom or other targets. The technical term for this is Cavitation. 2. Electrical noise from the boats motor can interfere with the sonar. This causes the sonar to automatically increase its Discrimination or noise rejection feature. This can cause the unit to eliminate weaker signals such as fish or even structure from the display. Try using resistor spark plugs or routing the sonar units power and transducer cables away from other electrical wiring on the boat. No fish arches when the Fish ID feature is off: 1. Make certain transducer is pointing straight down. This is the most common problem if a partial arch is displayed. 2. The sensitivity may not be high enough. In order for the unit to display a fish arch, it has to be able to receive the fishs echo from the time it enters the cone until it leaves. If the sensitivity is not high enough, the unit shows the fish only when it is in the center of the cone. 3. Use the Zoom feature. It is much easier to display fish arches when zoomed in on a small range of water than a large one. For example, you will have much better luck seeing fish arches with a 30 to 60 foot range than a 0 to 60 foot range. This enlarges the targets, allowing the display to show much more detail. 4. The boat must be moving at a slow trolling speed to see fish arches. If the boat is motionless, fish stay in the cone, showing on the screen as straight horizontal lines.

NOISE A major cause of sonar problems is electrical noise. This usually appears on the sonars display as random patterns of dots or lines. In severe cases, it can completely cover the screen with black dots, or cause the unit operate erratically, or not at all. To eliminate or minimize the effects of electrical noise, first try to determine the cause. With the boat at rest in the water, the first thing you should do is turn all electrical equipment on the boat off. Make certain the engine is off, also. Turn the sonar unit on, then turn off ASP (Advanced Signal Processing). There should be a steady bottom signal on the display. Now turn on each piece of electrical equipment on the boat and view the effect on the sonars display. For example, turn on the bilge pump and view the sonar display for noise. If no noise is present, turn the pump off, then turn on the VHF radio and transmit. Keep doing this until all electrical equipment has been turned on, their effect on the sonar display noted, then turned off. If you find noise interference from an electrical instrument, trolling motor, pump, or radio, try to isolate the problem. You can usually reroute the sonar units power cable and transducer cable away from the wiring that is causing the interference. VHF radio antenna cables radiate noise when transmitting, so be certain to keep the sonars wires away from it. You may need to route the sonar units power cable directly to the battery to isolate it from other wiring on the boat. If no noise displays on the sonar unit from electrical equipment, then make certain everything except the sonar unit is turned off, then start the engine. Increase the RPM with the gearshift in neutral. If noise appears on the display, the problem could be one of three things; spark plugs, alternator, or tachometer wiring. Try using resistor spark plugs, alternator filters, or routing the sonar units power cable away from engine wiring. Again, routing the power cable directly to the battery helps eliminate noise problems. Make certain to use the in-line fuse supplied with the unit when wiring the power cable to the battery. When no noise appears on the sonar unit after all of the above tests, then the noise source is probably cavitation. Many novices or persons with limited experience make hasty sonar installations which function perfectly in shallow water, or when the boat is at rest. In nearly all cases, the cause of the malfunction will be the location and/or angle of the transducer. The face of the transducer must be placed in a location that has a smooth flow of water at all boat speeds. Read the transducer installation section in this manual for the best mounting position.
LOWRANCE ELECTRONICS FULL ONE-YEAR WARRANTY
We", our, or us refers to LOWRANCE ELECTRONICS, the manufacturer of this product. You or your refers to the first person who purchases this product as a consumer item for personal, family, or household use. We warrant this product against defects or malfunctions in materials and workmanship, and against failure to conform to this products written specifications, all for one year (1) from the date of original purchase by you. WE MAKE NO OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER CONCERNING THIS PRODUCT. Your remedies under this warranty will be available so long as you can show in a reasonable manner that any defect or malfunction in materials or workmanship, or any non-conformity with the products written specifications, occurred within one year from the date of your original purchase, which must be substantiated by a dated sales receipt or sales slip. Any such defect, malfunction, or non-conformity which occurs within one year from your original purchase date will either be repaired without charge or be replaced with a new product identical or reasonably equivalent to this product, at our option, within a reasonable time after our receipt of the product. If such defect, malfunction, or non-conformity remains after a reasonable number of attempts to repair by us, you may elect to obtain without charge a replacement of the product or a refund for the product. THIS REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, OR REFUND (AS JUST DESCRIBED) IS THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AVAILABLE TO YOU AGAINST US FOR ANY DEFECT, MALFUNCTION, OR NON-CONFORMITY CONCERNING THE PRODUCT OR FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE RESULTING FROM ANY OTHER CAUSE WHATSOEVER. WE WILL NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES BE LIABLE TO ANYONE FOR ANY SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR OTHER INDIRECT DAMAGE OF ANY KIND. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. This warranty does NOT apply in the following circumstances: (1) when the product has been serviced or repaired by anyone other than us, (2) when the product has been connected, installed, combined, altered, adjusted, or handled in a manner other than according to the instructions furnished with the product, (3) when any serial number has been effaced, altered, or removed, or (4) when any defect, problem, loss, or damage has resulted from any accident, misuse, negligence, or carelessness, or from any failure to provide reasonable and necessary maintenance in accordance with the instructions of the owners manual for the product. We reserve the right to make changes or improvements in our products from time to time without incurring the obligation to install such improvements or changes on equipment or items previously manufactured. This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which may vary from state to state. REMINDER: You must retain the sales slip or sales receipt proving the date of your original purchase in case warranty service is ever required.