2.2.3 Encoding/transcoding/recoding/decoding
Encoding is the generation of a video in a specific video format, e.g. MPEG-2 or Nero Digital (MPEG-4). An appropriate encoder is required for each video format. Transcoding is the conversion of an existing video from one video format to another, e.g. from Xvid to MPEG-2. Recoding is the conversion of an existing video with specific properties (e.g. bit rate 2500 kb/s) to the same video format with different properties (e.g. bit rate 1990 kb/s). Decoding is the opening or playing of a video that was encoded in a specific video format.

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2.2.4 DVD discs
Writable DVD discs are categorized as follows: Data medium DVD + R RW RAM Digital Versatile Disc Identifies an optical data medium. Refers to discs that conform to the specification of the DVD Forum. Refers to discs that conform to the specification of the DVD+RW Alliance. Recordable. Refers to write-once discs. ReWritable. Refers to rewritable discs. Random Access Memory. Refers to rewritable discs with special data security. Dual Layer (in - discs) and Double Layer (in + discs). Refers to discs with two data layers on each side. Specification

Rewritability

Data layers DL
A DVD-R DL is therefore a write-once disc with two data layers; it has a capacity of 7.95 GB.

Disc formats supported

Nero Vision supports different disc formats. This section tells you about the advantages and disadvantages of the individual formats. For details on which disc format is available on which discs, refer to Overview of compatibility between disc formats and discs.

2.3.1 DVD Video

Using the video codec MPEG-2 to compress video files, a DVD-Video can hold up to 135 minutes of video on a 4.38 GB DVD-R/-RW/+R/+RW in a quality far superior to VHS video or Video CD. You can play the disc on most DVD players which means very high quality storage for all of your home videos. You can also play DVDs on your PC if you have the appropriate software and DVD-ROM drive. A DVD-DL disc doubles the storage capacity of the disc and in turn the space for a DVDVideo.
2.3.2 DVD-VR/-VFR (video mode)/+VR
DVD-VR/-VFR (video mode)/+VR are special types of DVD-Video that provide three options which DVD-Video alone cannot provide: Direct recording of videos onto disc in real-time is possible (option: Record Directly to Disc). The data on the disc can later be edited and altered. More video titles can be added if space is still available on the disc. This means that a DVD-VR/DVD-VFR (video mode)/+VR is similar to a video cassette, but of a far superior quality. However, there are differences between the individual disc formats:

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The DVD-VR is specifically designed for recording directly to disc. Although a graphics menu is not supported, playlists are created instead. Furthermore, the sound track cannot be changed, i.e. it is not possible to edit or add to the existing track. DVD-VR is not compatible with DVD-Video and can only be played on special DVD players. DVD-VFR (video mode) just like DVD-Video allows you to create menus but not to create chapter menus or playlists. Once the disc has been finalized, a DVD-VFR is essentially compatible with DVD-Video and can be played in most DVD players. Once the disc has been finalized, the DVD+VFR format is essentially compatible with DVD-Video and can be played in most DVD players. The storage capacity doubles for burning to a DVD+R DL disc as does the space for the DVD+VR.

2.3.3 Video CD (VCD)

Using the video codec MPEG-1 to compress video files, a VCD generates a quality roughly similar to VHS video and can hold up to 74 or 80 minutes of full-motion video along with stereo sound on 650 and 700 MB CDs respectively. VCDs can be played on most DVD players and on your PC if you have the appropriate software and a drive that can read CDR/CD-RW discs.
2.3.4 Super Video CD (SVCD)
This format uses the video codec MPEG-2 to store video files in a quality roughly similar to S-VHS and can hold around 30 or 40 minutes of full-motion video along with stereo sound on 650 MB and 700 MB CDs respectively. SVCDs can be played on a growing number of DVD players and on the PC if you have the appropriate software and a drive that can read CD-R/RW discs.

2.3.5 miniDVD

In principle, a miniDVD is nothing other than a CD-R or CD-RW, upon which a DVD structure has been written in UDF format. It offers the same technical benefits and qualities as a DVD, whether this be the ability to create chapters or menus, support for subtitles or a number of audio tracks (even in real digital multichannel sound). miniDVDs can easily be played by a PC, while reproduction is not guaranteed with all types of DVD players.

2.3.6 HD-BURN

The creation of an HD-BURN CD is only supported by specific recorders. In principle, an HDBURN CD is nothing other than a CD-R or CD-RW, for which a special procedure is used to double the storage capacity of a CD and which has a DVD structure written on it in UDF format. It offers the same technical options and qualities as a DVD-Video, i.e. the possibility to create chapters or menus and support for subtitles and multiple sound tracks (including real digital multichannel sound).
2.3.7 Editable Blu-ray disc
The creation of a Blu-ray disc is only supported by specific recorders. Blu-ray discs are written with a blue laser. The shorter wave length (405 nm) of this laser makes it possible to adjust the laser beam with greater precision. Data can be packed more tightly and takes up less space on the disc.

Once you have finished burning you can decide what you would like to do next: launch Nero ShowTime and view your project or create covers and labels for the disc using Nero CoverDesigner. Of course, you can also save the project or start a new one.

Main screen

Only the buttons and controls that are required are displayed on the Nero Vision user interface depending on which screen you are in. This makes the interface easy to use.
When you click on the More button, an additional, extended dialog box is opened (see Extended dialog box).

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4.2.1 Buttons
Help for Nero Vision: opens online help. Enter new serial number: allows you to enter a new serial number. The Welcome to Nero window is opened. Nero Vision on the Web: opens the Nero Vision Web page. Tips: opens the Tips window. You can configure Nero Vision in such a way that useful tips are displayed when you open each screen. Key Definitions: displays assigned key combinations and their functions. The Key Definitions window is opened. Info: displays the version and registration data. The About Nero Vision window is opened. More Displays the extended dialog box. Exports the movie to a file. Export process The Export Movie screen is displayed. In this screen you can specify the export settings and then export the project (see Exporting the movie). The button is only available if you have inserted at least one video in a project. Saves the project with all changes made. The Save As pop-up window will open. Save The project is saved to an administration file with the extension.nvc (NeroVision Compilation). This function is useful for times when you are not able to finish your project and would like to continue at a later time (see Saving a project). This undoes the last action. With Nero Vision you can undo many actions so that you can restore the desired condition even after having made a large number of changes. Restores the last action that you have undone. With Nero Vision you can restore many actions that have been undone so that you can restore the desired condition even after having made a large number of changes. Returns to the previous screen. Go Back Next Burn If necessary, you will be prompted to save the project, as the changes you have made will otherwise be lost. Displays the next screen. Starts the burn process. The button is only displayed in the Burn screen.

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4.2.2 Extended dialog box
When you click on the More button, an additional extended area is opened. The extended dialog box is closed again in normal mode when you switch to the next screen. In so-called 'sticky mode', the extended dialog box will be displayed until it is closed once more by clicking on the More button again. The icon in the extended dialog box displays its current mode. Click on this icon to change the mode. The extended dialog box is in normal mode. The extended dialog box is in sticky mode. 4.2.2.1 Check boxes Never use black thumbnails Create menu on disc Create chapters automatically Snap timeline items to each other Use time-code based chapter detection for DV files Enable capture device audio playback Detect scenes while capturing (DV) Black thumbnails are not used in menus. Instead, the first non-black thumbnail is found and displayed. This function can slow down the application. Automatically creates a menu. The individual video titles can easily be selected using the menu. Creates chapters automatically that can be selected individually later when playing the movie. Connects the elements in the Timeline tab to one another as with a magnet. Consequently, text, audio, and effects begin at the same time. This automatically identifies individual scenes in DV (Digital Video) files using the time stamp and incorporates them. Enables playback on the recorder. This setting does not affect playback of captured video files. Automatically searches for scene changes when capturing from a DV capture device.

Display Microsoft(R) 'Video Displays Microsoft Video for Windows devices in the list for Windows'(R) devices of recorders.
4.2.2.2 Root menu Move next objects: when inserting an effect moves the next effect to the back. Adding effects to timeline Fit to available space: when inserting a new effect adjusts the effect so that it only takes up the available space up to the beginning of the next effect. Start playback with Menu: displays the menu after the disc has been inserted in the player. <Video title>: plays the selected video title after the disc has been inserted in the player.

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When finished playing a title
Play next title: plays the next video title after one video title has been played. Switch to menu: displays the menu after a video title has been played. Loop Title: repeats the video title in an endless loop.
4.2.2.3 Radio buttons Automatic: automatically calculates the font height of the button texts so that the full text can be displayed. Custom: deactivates automatic font height calculation. You can define the font height yourself in the Edit Menu screen.
Font height calculation mode
4.2.2.4 Buttons Configure Opens the configuration of Nero Vision (see Configuration). Edits the default options when creating a video. The Default Video Options window is opened (see Displaying video options). Default Video Options As long as you have not selected any kind of disc, the video options for all the supported formats will be shown. After you have selected a disc format, only the General tab and the tab for the current disc format are displayed. The Nero Digital Encoder Configuration window appears for Nero Digital format. Erases rewritable discs. The Erase Rewritable Disc popup window opens (see Erasing a rewritable disc). Before a disc can be erased, the recorder must contain a rewritable disc. The erase method can be set. Displays the information on the disc inserted, such as the disc type, available storage capacity, number of sessions, and tracks. The Disc Info pop-up window will open (see Displaying disc info). Insert the disc that you want to know more about and select the drive where it is located. Finalize Disc Make covers und labels Finalizes DVD-VR/-VFR (video mode)/+VR/+R/+RW discs (see also Finalizing a DVD). The Finalize Disc pop-up window will open. Starts Nero CoverDesigner (see Creating covers and labels).

Erase Disc

Disc Info
Nero CoverDesigner is an application in the Nero 7 program suite and is automatically installed while Nero 7 is being installed. Using Nero Cover Designer, you can create and print labels and booklets for CDs/DVDs that have been burned. Please see the separate Nero CoverDesigner user manual for full instructions on how to make professional looking covers and labels.

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Capturing videos from video cameras and other external capture devices

Capturing

Capturing is a way of taking the video from a DV video camera or another video capture device connected to the video capture card and placing it on your PC. The capture device is the device that transmits the video signals to be captured, e.g. a DV video camera, video capture card or TV card. You will find a list of supported devices on our web page under: http://www.nero.com/nero7/eng/all_capture_devices.php?ascd=nvision4 If you simply want to transfer the video from an external capture device to the PC to use it at a later stage in a project, proceed as described under Setting a TV card. If you want to create a disc and also capture a video for this special project, you should select the relevant option Make DVD (or VCD, SVCD, miniDVD, HD-BURN) from the Start screen and then select the option Capture Video from the Content screen. That way, you can capture the video and work on your project simultaneously.
DV/HDV cameras, digital and analog videos
There are three types of capture device: digital, analog and DV-/HDV cameras. All three have different hardware requirements. DV/HDV cameras: In the case of a DV or HDV camera, the video signal is sent to the PC in digital format. All you need to transfer video to your PC is a connecting cable and a corresponding socket on your PC. Analog Video: Video signals from an analog source need to be converted to a digital format for your PC to be able to work with them. Examples of analog capture devices include VHS video recorders, TV, VHS-C, 8 mm, and Hi-8 video cameras. Unlike DV capture devices where the device itself delivers digital video signals to your PC, you need to have a video capture card installed in the PC in the case of analog video signals. The analog signals are converted into digital signals by the video capture card. Digital Video (ATSC, DVB-T/S/C): Video signals from digital capture devices are sent to the PC in digital format and exist in MPEG-2 format after transfer. TV cards are typical examples of digital devices. In order to transfer digital video, a corresponding device must be connected to your PC.

Nero Vision regards TV channels with the same name so-called "physical" channels on different tuner cards as the same "logical" channel. This means that a logical channel can contain one or more physical channels. The channels are automatically coordinated with each other during the channel search. Only the logical channels will be displayed in Nero Vision following configuration in the TV wizard. 1. Highlight a channel you want. 2. Click on the Rename button. The Rename Channel pop-up window will open. 3. Enter the name you want in the Rename Channel text field. 4. Click on the OK button. The channel is renamed.

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12. Click on the Next button.
The third screen of the TV wizard, Manage TV Channel Groups, is displayed.
Fig. 8: TV wizard Manage TV Channel Groups
13. Click on the Add button on the TV Channel Groups tab.
The Add Group dialog window is displayed.
14. Enter the name you want for the group in the Add Group text field. 15. Click on the OK button.

The group is created.

16. Click on the TV Channels in Groups tab.
Fig. 9:: TV wizard TV Channels in Groups

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17. Select the group you want to edit in the Modify groups drop-down menu. 18. Highlight the channels you want to assign to this group in the Available Channels area. 19. Click on the >> button.
The highlighted channels are shown in the Modify groups/Name area.
20. Click on the Up and/or Down buttons to change the order of the channels within the group. 21. Click on the Finish button.
The TV wizard is closed and the Video Capture screen is displayed. You have configured the TV card.
Capturing video on the hard drive
The following requirements have to be fulfilled: No applications are running that place a high demand on the processor. There are no applications running in full-screen mode. The workstation is not blocked during the entire capture process. There is sufficient space on your hard drive. To capture a video on the hard drive, proceed as follows:
1. Connect the digital or analog capture device to the PC using the corresponding cables and
switch it on. To set up a capture device for digital or analog video, a recording card that meets the requirements of the manufacturer must be installed or must be already integrated in the PC on the factory side.
2. Select the Capture Video to Hard Drive option from the Start screen.

The Movie screen is displayed. This screen consists of three dialog boxes: the Preview, Media, and Contents dialog boxes.

Fig. 15: Movie screen

If media files are already available, they are displayed in the upper right dialog box, the media dialog box. The following tabs are available in the media dialog box: Displays the media files. Displays video effects. Displays text effects. Displays transitions.

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The following buttons are available in the media dialog box: Browse: searches for media files and adds them to your own media files. The Open pop-up window is displayed. Browse and Add to Project: searches for media files, adds them to your own media files and to the movie. The Open pop-up window is opened. Starts video capture. The Video Capture screen is displayed (see Setting a TV card). Import: imports media files from a TWAIN-compatible device such as a scanner. A window is opened. Select source: selects a source for the TWAIN import. The Select source pop-up window will open. Removes the selected element from the group. Removes all elements from a group. A pop-up window will open. Starts automatic scene cut detection. The Scene Cut Detection window will open. Opens the marked media file with an associated program. This element is only displayed if an executable action has been assigned to the marked media file. Otherwise a gray button is displayed. Adds selected elements to the movie.
2. If you want to select a different group, select from the media dialog box in the selection
The entry displayed in the default setting is My Media Files.
3. If you want to create a new group: 1. Select the <Create New Group> option in the media dialog box in the selection menu.
The Create Element Group pop-up window will open. 2. Enter the required name in the input field and click on the OK button The new group is displayed in the selection menu and opens automatically.
4. If you want to add media files that are stored on your PC to the movie, click on the
Browse button. The Open pop-up window will open.
5. Select the required media files and click on the Open button. 6. Highlight the files that you want to add to your movie. 7. Click on the

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Media files are inserted in the contents dialog box on the Storyboard are displayed with a thumbnail. You can add video and image files to your movie. Images are indicated on the icon in the top left corner. Storyboard and Timeline

15. If you are happy with the movie, click on the Next button.
The screen with the menu What would you like to do next? is displayed. You have made a movie.

Cutting video titles

When cutting video titles, the original video file does not change; instead the cut information is stored in the project. The following requirement has to be fulfilled: The Contents screen is displayed. To cut video titles, proceed as follows:
1. Highlight the video title. 2. Select the Edit Movie option.

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The Movie screen is displayed.
The first time the function is invoked, a dialog box will open.
4. If you do not want to display the dialog box anymore, check the Do not show this message
again box. The start and end marks are displayed in the preview dialog box.
5. Move the left start mark up to the beginning of the section that you want to remove.
6. Move the right end mark up to the end of the section that you want to remove.

7. Click on the

A dialog box will open.
8. Click on the Yes button.
The video title is split. The first section contains the range in front of the cut, the second section contains the range behind the cut. You have cut a video title.

Chapters

Chapters are sections in a video title that you can access on your player using the Back and Next buttons without have to wind. Initially, each video title contains only one chapter. You can add new chapters manually or automatically. In the Create Chapter screen, the slider bar below the preview dialog box shows the video title from the beginning to the end. The thumb or slider button allows you to move to a certain position within the video title. The video picture that exists at that position will be shown in the preview dialog box. The individual chapters are separated from one another by chapter marks which define the end of one chapter and the beginning of the next. The beginning of each chapter is indicated by the chapter mark below the preview dialog box on the scrollbar; an exception to this is the first chapter, the beginning of which is the beginning of the video title. If you have checked the Create chapters automatically box in the extended dialog box, the chapters will be automatically generated during the burning process. If you click on the More button, you will be able to use this check box when you compile a disc.

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7.3.1 Creating chapters manually
The following requirement has to be fulfilled: The Contents screen is displayed. To create a chapter manually, proceed as follows:
1. Click on the Create Chapters option in the Contents screen.

The Create Chapters screen is displayed.
Fig. 22: Create Chapters screen
The following buttons are available in the Create Chapters screen: Starts playback. Stops playback. Switches to the full-screen mode. You can return to window mode by pressing the Esc key. Renames the chapter. The Rename Chapter dialog box will open. Deletes the current chapter mark. Deletes all chapter marks. Starts automatic scene cut detection. The Scene Cut Detection pop-up window will open. Inserts a new chapter mark at the current position of the slider. Displays the played position in the format hours:minutes:seconds.hundredths of a second. Jumps to a specific (next) and (back) buttons position by clicking on the

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2. Move the slider to the position where the new chapter should begin. 3. Click on the
You have created a new chapter manually.
7.3.2 Creating chapters automatically
The following requirement has to be fulfilled: The Contents screen is displayed. To create chapters automatically, proceed as follows:

2. Click on the

The Scene Cut Detection pop-up window will open. Automatic scene cut detection is performed. This may take some time.
Fig. 23: Scene Cut Detection pop-up window
3. If you want to reduce the minimum length of a chapter, move the Minimum chapter length
slider to the left. If you want to increase the minimum length of a chapter, move the Minimum chapter length slider to the right. The pop-up window shows how many chapters were detected using these settings.
4. If you want to keep existing chapters, check the Keep previous chapter marks box. 5. Click on the Generate button.
You have created chapters automatically.

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7.3.3 Editing chapters
The following requirement has to be fulfilled: The Contents screen is displayed. To edit a chapter, proceed as follows:
2. If you want to move the chapter marks, move the slider in the scrollbar.
You can move the position of the individual chapter marks within the start and end positions of the video title, but not beyond the next chapter mark if there are more than two chapters in the scrollbar.

21. Click on the Next button.
The Select Menu screen is displayed (see Editing the menu). You have created a slide show and can now create a menu for your project.

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You can use up to two levels in the menu layout. The main menu consists of all the video titles in the project. Each video title is represented by a button consisting of a thumbnail and a button text. If a video title has more than one chapter, a video title submenu is generated. If you make changes, you can adjust all menu hierarchies independently of one another. Main Menu

Video Title 1

Video Title 2

Chapter 1

Chapter 2
You can select the layout of each menu from existing menu templates. Menu templates are subdivided into menu template groups.

Editing the menu

The following requirement has to be fulfilled: The Select Menu screen is displayed.
Fig. 27: Select Menu screen
To edit the menu, proceed as follows:
1. In the Menu to be used selection menu, choose whether your disc should contain title and
chapter menus, title menus only or no menu at all.

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2. In the Select a menu selection menu, choose the menu that you would like to edit.
If your disc consists of video titles with several chapters, repeat these steps for each menu that you would like to edit.
3. Select your desired menu template group in the Menu Template Group selection menu. 4. Select the required menu template. 5. Enter the desired header for your menu in the Header input field.
The following buttons are available in the Select Menu screen: Jumps to the first page of the selected menu. Jumps to the previous page of the selected menu. Jumps to the next page of the selected menu. Jumps to the last page of the selected menu. If the buttons do not all fit on a single menu page, you can switch from page to page using the menu navigation buttons. If you have created your own menu templates, the following buttons are available: Changes the name of the selected menu template group. The Rename Menu Template Group pop-up window will open. Deletes the selected menu template group. Changes the name of the selected menu template. The Rename Menu Template pop-up window will open. Deletes the selected menu template.
6. Click on the Edit Menu button.
The Edit Menu screen is displayed.

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Fig. 28: Edit Menu screen
If you have selected the Smart3D template group, other entries are available in the What would you like to change? menu (see Editing the Smart3D menu). The following buttons are available in the Edit Menu screen: Jumps to the first page of the menu. Jumps to the previous page of the menu. Jumps to the next page of the menu. Jumps to the last page of the menu. Deletes the selected text element. This button is only available if a text element is selected. Edits the properties of the selected button. The Button Properties pop-up window will open.

The following check boxes are available: When entering the menu for Plays an animation when the DVD is started before the the first time (menu intro) menu is opened for the first time.

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Plays an animation when jumping from the main menu When jumping from the title to the chapter menu of a video. menu to a chapter menu This transition only appears if chapter marks have been defined for a video. When jumping from a chapter menu to the title menu When jumping through the pages of the menu When jumping from the menu to a title Plays an animation when jumping from the chapter menu to the main menu. Plays an animation when jumping to a different page of the menu. Plays an animation as a transition between a menu and the start of the actual video.
When returning to the menu Plays an animation as a transition when the menu is re-opened after a title has been played back. after playback of a title
23. Click on the Next button.
The Preview screen is displayed (see Showing a preview). You have edited a Smart3D menu.

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Showing a preview
In the Preview screen, you can play back a disc to test it before actually burning it. Using the cursor or the remote control, you can test how the disc behaves when played back on a compatible player. In the menu, all of the buttons can be used quite normally so that you can view your finished work.

Fig. 30: Preview screen

The following requirement has to be fulfilled: The Preview screen is displayed. To display the preview for a project, proceed as follows:
1. Click on the buttons for the desired actions in the virtual remote control.
The following buttons are available in the Preview screen: Moves the mark up.
Moves the mark to the right.

Moves the mark down.

Moves the mark to the left.
Confirms the mark and starts the marked element.

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Displays the title menu. Displays the last menu used. Displays the current media title. Stops playback. Switches to the previous chapter. Switches to the next chapter.
If the menu contains animated elements, the Preview Menu Animation button is displayed. 1. Click on the Preview Menu Animation button. The Preview Menu Animation window opens. While the menu animation is being calculated, the current status is displayed in the progress bar. 2. Click on the Close button.
2. If you are happy with the preview, click on the Next button.
The Burn Options screen is displayed (see Burning a disc). You have displayed the preview.

Acronym for Digital Versatile Disc. The DVD is an optical disc and is the successor of the CD. Just like a CD, a DVD is a round plastic disc measuring 12 cm in diameter, but it can store more data. A DVD can be written to on each side in two layers. The standard size is the DVD-5 with 4.38 GB of actual disk space; up to 18 GB can be stored on double-sided and double-layered DVDs. The terms disc and disc format are often combined under the umbrella term DVD. The disc is the physical volume such as a DVD+RW for example, i.e. a rewritable DVD. It stores multimedia content in a specific disc format, such as DVD+VR for instance, which also determines the features that are available such as subtitles. The video codec used is MPEG2.
The DVD was originally designed for the movie and games market. But now you can burn data and your own home videos to a DVD-R, which can be played back on all DVD-ROM drives. You have the advantage of storing much more data on this disc than on a regular CD-R/-RW. You can write to a DVD-R once, and this disc is compatible with most DVD-ROM drives and DVD players.

DVD-RW

An acronym for DVD ReWriteable. A rewritable disc developed by the DVD Forum. The DVD-RW is rewritable and performs the same function as a DVD-R. But it can only be read by a few DVD-ROM and DVD players. Check with the manufacturer for compatibility issues.

DVD+RW

An acronym for DVD ReWriteable. Rewritable disc developed by the DVD+RW Alliance. The DVD+RW enables full, non-cartridge compatibility with existing DVD-Video players and DVD-ROM drives for both real-time video recording and random data recording for many PC and entertainment software applications.

Finalizing

Finalizing writes additional data to a disc and so completes it; it is not possible to write anymore to a finalized disc. An exception to this are finalized rewritable discs that can be erased. Some disc formats such as DVD-VFR and DVD+VR can only be played with normal DVD players after they have been finalized.

Firmware

The firmware in recorders functions as the operating system of the drive and contains instructions that determine how the drive reacts to commands from the PC. Generally the firmware in modern recorders can be updated, which improves the support for discs from other manufacturers, for instance.

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A single still picture in a sequence of pictures, which give the impression of movement when played fast enough.

Frames per second

The number of pictures per second in a video title.

Table of contents

The table of contents (TOC) is stored in the lead-in. This is where the content of every session is managed.

Interlaced Video

This method involves displaying a video in two parts: each part contains a line in every second row and displays it (first field). The second part fills in the other rows up until the screen is fully displayed (second field). This method is faster than progressive scan (or noninterlaced scanning) in which all rows are displayed simultaneously.
An acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group. This is an international group which approved a standard for the compression of pictures.

Chapter marks

These are marks set in the video title that identify a scene change or position. A video title can be subdivided into several chapters that are separated from one another by chapter marks.

Lead-in

The initial area of every session is known as the lead-in. This is where the table of contents for your disc and additional information concerning the CD is stored.

Lead-out

The final area in a session. This area is located at the end of the disc. If the disc has not yet been finalized, the reference to the next session is stored here.

MiniDV

This is a type of cassette that a DV video camera uses. It is known to have finer quality.
Acronym for Moving Picture Experts Group that approves industry standards for audio and video codecs.

MPEG-1

This format is part of the MPEG compression family.

MPEG-2

There is very little difference between MPEG-1 and MPEG-2, with the exception that MPEG2 works better with televisions that are interlaced and is the broadcast standard. MPEG-2 is used as a video format on DVDs.

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MPEG-4
MPEG-4 is the most recent MPEG standard for video and audio, which was adopted in 1999. MPEG-4 combines many functions from MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and other standards. Nero Digital video and Nero Digital audio are based on this industry standard.

Nero Digital

Nero Digital is a suite of MPEG-4 compatible video and audio codecs. The codecs are fully compatible with the MPEG-4 standard and have been further developed by Nero to achieve a considerably higher quality and to make available additional functions, such as subtitles.
An acronym for National Television System Committee and the standard for video and television in extensive parts of America and in some East Asian countries. Other parts of the world use different standards. NTSC has more frames per second than PAL, but fewer horizontal lines.

Smart3D Menus in Nero Vision 4 You can provide your videos with an animated introduction and three-dimensional menus using the new Smart3D menu templates in Nero Vision 4. To do so, start a CD or DVD project as usual and select a template out of the Smart-3D menu group. After that step you can provide these menus with your choice of background music, arrange buttons and text, establish colors, and animate menu transitions. This tutorial explains how these options can be implemented quickly and easily. The following requirements have to be met: - Nero Vision version 4.5 or higher must be installed on your computer - a graphics card with 3D acceleration must be connected to your computer
Start Project Proceed as follows to start a project: 1. Start Nero Vision 4. > The Nero Vision [Start] window will open. 2. Choose a project type. The following procedure will explain the individual steps of creating a Video-DVD project. The process for the other project types is identical. > The window Unknown Project * [DVD-Video] - Nero Vision will open. 3. Add video files to your project. You can also add pictures as an additional or alternative step. >> You have started a project and chosen the content. The following window will be Select Menu - it is here where you can select the desired 3D template.
Select Smart3D Template Proceed as follows to choose an animated introduction and three-dimensional video transitions to your video menus: 1. Select the Smart3D template group in the drop-down menu.
> The Smart3D templates will be listed.
2. Click on the desired template.
>> You have selected a Smart 3D template for your project. Click on the Next button if you want to switch to the Preview window. Click on the Edit Menu button if you want to customize the settings on your Smart3D menu.
Menu Settings You can change the individual menu settings in the Edit Menu window.
The following entries are available: Selects audio files which will be used for the menu background music. Background Defines the display of the menu buttons. Buttons Header/Footer Text Defines which text entries are shown in each of the menus. Adapts the color of the DVD menu buttons in their Highlight and Interaction Colors Activation states. Defines which transitions will be played in the menu. Menu Transitions
Changing Background Music All Smart3D templates already include background music. Audio files are available for menu transitions as well as for animated menus. You can choose your own audio files to attach to the menu yourself under the Background selection entry. The background music of the respective transitions have a standard audio file that cannot be changed or deactivated. Proceed as follows to select an audio file and to add it to your menu:
1. Choose the Background selection entry. > The Background properties window will open. 2. Click on the button. > The Open window will open. 3. Select the desired audio file. The duration of audio playback is 20 seconds. A longer audio file will be stopped after 20 seconds and repeated from the beginning in a 20 seconds loop. Shorter audio files will have silence added to them. 4. Click on the Open button. > The audio file was added to the selection.
5. Select the desired audio file out of the provided list. >> You have added individual background music to your Smart3D menu. Click on one of the remaining selection entries if you want to adjust further settings to your menu. Click on the Next button if you want to go back to the Select Menu window.
Button Settings You can select the display of the menu buttons yourself under the Buttons selection entry. Proceed as follow to change the settings for the buttons:
1. Choose the Buttons selection entry. > A new window will open. 2. Choose your desired settings. A preview of the current video will be shown in the respective menu button if the Animate buttons option button is activated. >> You have adapted the buttons of your Smart3D menu. Click on one of the remaining selection entries if you want to adjust further settings to your menu. Click on the Next button if you want to go back to the Select Menu window.
Enter Header and Footer Text You can enter the text of your choice under the Header/Footer Text selection entry. This text will be displayed in all of the menus. Proceed as follows to enter text into the header and footer:
1. Select the Header/Footer Text selection entry. > The Menu Texts window will open. 2. Enter the desired text into the input fields. >> You have added text to the header and/or footer of your Smart3D menu. Click on one of the remaining selection entries if you want to adjust further settings to your menus. Click on the Next button if you want to go back to the Select Menu window.

Adjust Interactive Colors Go into the Interaction Colors selection entry to choose the color for the Highlight and Activation states of the DVD menu buttons. Proceed as follows to change the button colors:
1. Select the Interaction Colors selection entry. > A dialog window will open. 2. Click on the Highlight tab to apply the chosen color to the currently selected button. 3. Click on the Activation tab to apply the chosen color of the activated button. >> You have changed the interaction colors of your Smart3D menu. Click on one of the remaining selection entries if you want to adjust further settings to your menu. Click on the Next button if you want to go back to the Select Menu window.
Activate/Deactivate Menu Transitions You can define which transitions are to be played in your menu under the Menu Transitions selection entry. All animated menu transitions are activated by default. Proceed as follows to activate or deactivate individual menu transitions:
1. Select the Menu Transitions selection entry. > The Allow animated menu transitions window will open. 2. Activate or deactivate the desired checkbox. Activated menu transitions are only available if the selected menu style supports them. The following checkboxes are available: Plays an introductory animation the first time the When entering the menu for the first time DVD is started. (menu intro) When jumping from the title menu to a chapter Plays an animation when one jumps between a video's title menu and the chapter menu. This menu transition only appears when chapter marks have been defined. When jumping from a chapter menu to the title Plays an animation when one jumps from the
menu When switching through the pages of the menu
When jumping from the menu to a title When returning to the menu after a title has finished playing
chapter menu to the title menu. Smart3D menus show a maximum of 6 buttons on one page. For that reason the buttons will be distributed among several pages if necessary. An animation will play when switching to another menu page. Plays an animation as a transition between a menu and the start of the actual video (title). Plays an animation as a transition if the menu is activated again after a title has been played.

>> You have adjusted the menu transitions for your Smart3D menu. Click on one of the remaining selection entries if you want to adjust further settings to your menu. Click on the Next button if you want to go back to the Select Menu window.
Finishing the Project The current project is simulated in the Preview screen. The display and the behavior of the simulation match those on a burned DVD. Proceed as follows to finish your project: 1. Check the result of your project under Preview and click on Next if the project is to your liking. > The Burn Options window will open. 2. Choose your burning option(s). 3. Click on the Burn button. >> The encoding and burning procedure is under way. You have successfully finished your DVD video project with the Smart3D menu.