CHAPTER 5: SWITCH MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW.....22
Management Access Overview.....22 SNMP Access......23 Protocols.......23 Software Upgrade Procedure......23
CHAPTER 6: ADMINISTRATION CONSOLE ACCESS.....25
Main Menu.......28 Main Menu> System Information......29 Main Menu> Status.......30 Main Menu> Set-Up......32 Main Menu> Tools.......34 Main Menu> Security......37 Main Menu> Advanced Menu.....38
CHAPTER 7: WEB MANAGEMENT ACCESS.....56
System.......58 Status.......59 Set-up.......65 Tools.......68 Security.......71 Advanced.......72
APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY......88 APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING......91
Troubleshooting Chart......91 Additional Troubleshooting Suggestions......91
APPENDIX C: VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORK (VLAN).....92 APPENDIX D: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.....100 APPENDIX E: CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS.....102

Page 3 of 105

APPENDIX F: CABLING GUIDELINES.....103

Page 4 of 105

Figures
FIGURE 1-1. PACKAGE CONTENTS.....10 FIGURE 2-1. FRONT PANEL OF THE GSM712 MANAGED GIGABIT SWITCH...11 FIGURE 2-2. BACK PANEL OF THE GSM712 MANAGED GIGABIT SWITCH...11 FIGURE 2-3 WARNING! CREATING REDUNDANT PATHS BETWEEN NETWORK DEVICES...12 FIGURE 3-1. EXAMPLE OF DESKTOP SWITCHING.....14 FIGURE 3-2. EXAMPLE OF BACKBONE SWITCHING.....14 FIGURE 4-1. ATTACHING MOUNTING BRACKETS....16 FIGURE 4-2. INSTALLING A GIGABIT ETHERNET MODULE....16 FIGURE 4-3 SYSTEM INFORMATION.....17 FIGURE 4-4 MAIN MENU......18 FIGURE 4-5 SET-UP......19 FIGURE 4-6 IP CONFIGURATION.....20 FIGURE 4-7. CONNECTING DEVICES TO THE SWITCH.....21 FIGURE 5-1. SNMP-BASED MANAGEMENT METHOD.....23 FIGURE 5-2. ADMINISTRATION CONSOLE ACCESS.....23 FIGURE 6-1. ADMINISTRATION CONSOLE MANAGEMENT METHOD....25 FIGURE 6-2 INITIAL WELCOME SCREEN OF USER INTERFACE (PASSWORD ENABLED)...27 FIGURE 6-3: MAIN MENU.....28 FIGURE 6-4: SYSTEM INFORMATION.....29 FIGURE 6-5: SWITCH STATISTICS.....30 FIGURE 6-6: ADDRESS MANAGER: MAC ADDRESS TABLE.....31 FIGURE 6-7: PORT CONFIGURATION.....32 FIGURE 6-8: SET-UP MANAGER: IP CONFIGURATION....33 FIGURE 6-9: SOFTWARE UPDATE.....34 FIGURE 6-10: RESTORE FACTORY VALUES.....35 FIGURE 6-11: RESET......36 FIGURE 6-12: SECURITY......37 FIGURE 6-13: PORT MIRRORING.....38 FIGURE 6-14: PORT TRUNKING......39 FIGURE 6-15: MULTIMEDIA SUPPORT (IGMP).....40 FIGURE 6-16: TRAFFIC PRIORITIZATION......41 FIGURE 6-17: VLANS SET-UP......42 FIGURE 6-18: VLAN ADMINISTRATION.....43 FIGURE 6-19: VLAN MEMBERSHIP......44 FIGURE 6-20: VLAN PORTS......45 FIGURE 6-21: SPANNING TREE......46 FIGURE 6-22: SPANNING TREE: BRIDGE SETTINGS....47 FIGURE 6-23: SPANNING TREE: PORT SETTINGS.....48 FIGURE 6-24: ADDRESS MANAGER: MAC.....49 FIGURE 6-25: ADDRESS MANAGER: ADDRESS AGING.....50 FIGURE 6-26: ADDRESS MANAGER: STATIC ADDRESS....51 FIGURE 6-27: SNMP MANAGEMENT.....52 FIGURE 6-28: SNMP MANAGEMENT: COMMUNITY TABLE....53 FIGURE 6-29: SNMP MANAGEMENT: HOST TABLE....54 FIGURE 6-30: SNMP MANAGEMENT: TRAP SETTINGS....55 FIGURE 7-1. WEB MANAGEMENT METHOD....56 FIGURE 7-2: PASSWORD.....56 FIGURE 7-3: SYSTEM......58 FIGURE 7-4: STATISTICS: SWITCH STATISTICS.....60 FIGURE 7-5: STATISTICS: PORT STATISTIC.....61 FIGURE 7-6: PORT CONFIGURATION: PORT SETTINGS.....62 FIGURE 7-7: STATUS MANAGER: MAC ADDRESS TABLE....63 FIGURE 7-8: STATISTICS: ERROR STATISTICS.....64 FIGURE 7-9: SYSTEM CONFIGURATION.....65 FIGURE 7-10: SYSTEM MANAGER: IP CONFIGURATION.....66 FIGURE 7-11: SETUP: PORT CONFIGURATION.....67 FIGURE 7-12: SOFTWARE UPGRADE.....68 FIGURE 7-13: SAVE CONFIGURATION.....69 FIGURE 7-14: DEVICE RESET......70 FIGURE 7-15: SYSTEM MANAGER: PASSWORD ADMIN....71 FIGURE 7-16: DISABLE ADVANCED ALERTING.....73 FIGURE 7-17: PORT MIRRORING.....74 FIGURE 7-18: PORT TRUNKING......75

One GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch Rubber footpads for tabletop installation Power cord One null-modem cable Rack-mount kit for installing the switch in a 19-inch rack This users guide Support Information Card Warranty & Owner Registration Card If you ordered additional GBIC modules with your switch, they are provided in a separate package. If any item is missing or damaged, contact your place of purchase immediately.

Page 10 of 105

CHAPTER 2: PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
This chapter describes the hardware features of the NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch. Topics include: Front and back panels 10/100/1000 Mbps auto-sensing RJ-45 ports GBIC module bays LED descriptions Console port

Front Panels

Figures 2-1 and 2-2 show the key components on the front and back panels of the NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch.
The front panel contains LEDs, Rest Button, RJ-45 jacks, GBIC module bays, and a console port. The back panel has a standard AC power receptacle for accommodating the supplied power cord.
Figure 2-1. Front Panel of the GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch
Figure 2-2. Back Panel of the GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch
10/100/1000 Mbps RJ-45 Ports
As Figure 2-1 shows, the GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch has 10 10/100/1000 Mbps RJ-45 ports. These ports are auto-sensing 10/100/1000 Mbps ports: When you insert a cable into an RJ-45 port, the switch automatically ascertains the maximum speed (10 or 100 or 1000 Mbps) and duplex mode (half- or full-duplex) of the attached device. The 10/100/1000 Mbps ports support only unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable terminated with an 8-pin RJ-45 plug.
To simplify the procedure for attaching devices, all RJ-45 ports support Auto Uplink. This technology lets you attach devices to the RJ-45 ports using either straight-through or crossover cables. When you insert a cable into the switchs RJ-45 port, the switch automatically: Senses whether the cable is a straight-through or crossover cable, and Determines whether the link to the attached device requires a normal connection (such as when connecting the port to a PC) or an uplink connection (such as when connecting the port to a router, switch, or hub). After ascertaining this information, the switch automatically configures the RJ-45 port to enable communications with the attached device, without requiring user intervention. In this way, the Auto Uplink technology compensates for setting uplink connections, while eliminating concern about whether to use crossover or straight-through cables when attaching devices.
Warning! You must use Link Aggregation (a.k.a. Port Trunking) to create multiple links between switches. Using Auto Uplink to create multiple active paths between any two network devices can cause undesirable loops in the network, resulting in an endless broadcast traffic that disables your network. Loops occur when there are alternate routes between two network devices. In Figure 2-3, for example, a loop is created by connecting two RJ-45 ports on a NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch to a router containing a 4-port switch. The Spanning Tree protocol will prevent loops, if that advanced feature is enabled.

Page 13 of 105

CHAPTER 3: APPLICATIONS
Your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch is designed to provide flexibility in configuring your network connections. It can be used as stand-alone devices or in conjunction with 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, and 1000 Mbps hubs and switches. This chapter shows how the switch can be used in various network environments.

Desktop Switching

Your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch can be used as desktop switch to build a small network that enables users to have 1000 Mbps access to a file server.
Figure 3-1. Example of Desktop Switching

Backbone Switching

Your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch can be used as backbone switch to distribute high-speed connections with servers to a number of other switches, some of which can be in other wiring closets or other buildings.
Figure 3-2. Example of Backbone Switching

Page 14 of 105

CHAPTER 4: INSTALLATION
This chapter describes the installation procedures for your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch. Switch installation involves the following steps: Step 1: Preparing the site Step 2: Installing the switch Step 3: Installing a GBIC module Step 4: Checking the installation Step 5: Applying AC power Step 6: Connecting to the console port to manage the switch (initial configuration) Step 7: Connecting devices to the switch
Step 1: Preparing the Site
Before you install your switch, be sure your operating environment meets the operating environment requirements in Table 4-1. Table 4-1. Site Requirements Characteristics Mounting Desktop installations: Rack-mount installations: Requirements Provide a flat table or shelf surface. Use a 19-inch (48.3-centimeter) EIA standard equipment rack that is grounded and physically secure. You also need the rack-mount kit supplied with your switch.
Access Power source Environmental Temperature: Operating humidity: Ventilation:
Locate the switch in a position that lets you access the front panel RJ-45 ports, view the front panel LEDs and power connector. Provide a power source within 6 feet (1.8 meters) of the installation location. Power specifications for the switch is shown in Appendix C. Be sure the AC outlet is not controlled by a wall switch, which can accidentally turn off power to the outlet and the switch. Install the switch in a dry area, with ambient temperature between 0 and 40C (32 and 104F). Keep the switch away from heat sources such as direct sunlight, warm air exhausts, hot-air vents, and heaters. The installation location should have a maximum relative humidity of 90%, non-condensing. Do not restrict airflow by covering or obstructing air inlets on the sides of the switch. Keep at least 2 inches (5.08 centimeters) free on all sides for cooling. Be sure there is adequate airflow in the room or wiring closet where you intend to install the switch. Keep the switch at least 6 ft (1.83 m) away from nearest source of electromagnetic noise, such as a photocopy machine.

Operating conditions:

Step 2: Installing the Switch
You can install your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch on a flat surface or in a standard 19-inch rack. Installing the Switch on a Flat Surface The switch ships with four self-adhesive rubber footpads. Stick one rubber foot pad on each of the four concave spaces on the bottom of the switch. The rubber footpads cushion the switch against shock/vibrations. Installing the Switch in a Rack To install the switch in a rack, use the following procedure (and refer to Figure 4-1). To perform this procedure, you need the 19-inch rack-mount kit supplied with your switch. 1. 2. 3. Attach the supplied mounting brackets to the side of the switch. Insert the screws provided in the rack-mount kit through each bracket and into the bracket mounting holes in the switch. Tighten the screws with a #1 Phillips screwdriver to secure each bracket.

Page 15 of 105

4. 5. 6.
Align the mounting holes in the brackets with the holes in the rack, and insert two pan-head screws with nylon washers through each bracket and into the rack. Tighten the screws with a #2 Phillips screwdriver to secure the switch in the rack. If you want to install a GBIC module, proceed to Step 3: Installing a GBIC Module, next. Step 4: Checking the Installation.
Figure 4-1. Attaching Mounting Brackets
Step 3: Installing a GBIC Module
The following procedure describes how to install a GBIC Gigabit Ethernet module, such as the NETGEAR AGM721F, in the switchs Gigabit module bays. The AGM721F is sold separately from the GSM712. If you do not want to install a GBIC module at this time, skip this procedure. To install a GBIC module: 7. Insert the GBIC module into the GBIC module bay. Press firmly to ensure the module seats into the connector.
Figure 4-2. Installing a Gigabit Ethernet Module
Step 4: Checking the Installation
Before you apply power: o o o o Inspect the equipment thoroughly. Verify that all cables are installed correctly. Check cable routing to make sure cables are not damaged or create a safety hazard. Be sure all equipment is mounted properly and securely.
Step 5: Applying AC Power
NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switches do not have an ON/OFF switch; the only method of applying or removing AC power is by connecting or disconnecting the power cord. Before you connect the power cord, select an AC outlet that is not controlled by a wall switch, which can turn off power to the switch. After you select an appropriate outlet, use the following procedure to apply AC power. 8. 9. Connect the female end of the supplied AC power adapter cable to the power receptacle on the back of the switch. Connect the 3-pronged end of the AC power adapter cable to a grounded 3-pronged AC outlet.
When you apply power, the Power LED on the switchs front panel will be Yellow, as it conducts a Power On Self Test (POST). After the switch passes the POST, the Power LED will change to Green and the switch is functional and ready to pass data.

Web browser

Security can be compromised (hackers need only know IP address and subnet mask) May encounter lag times on poor connections Displaying graphical objects over a browser interface may slow navigation

SNMP Agent

Requires SNMP manager software Least visually appealing of all three methods Limited amount of information available Some settings require calculations Security can be compromised (hackers need only know the community name)
For a more detailed discussion of the Administration Console, see chapter 6. For a more detailed discussion of the Web Browser Interface, see chapter 7.

Page 22 of 105

SNMP Access
With this access method, you can use an external Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) -based application to manage your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch. Figure 5-1 shows an example of this management method. This management method requires the SNMP agent on the switch and the SNMP Network Management Station to use the same community string. This management method, in fact, uses two community strings: the GET community string and the SET community string. If the SNMP Network management Station only knows the SET community string, it can read from and write to the MIBs. However, if it only knows the GET community string, it can only read MIBs. The default GET community string for the switch is public.
Figure 5-1. SNMP-Based Management Method

Protocols

Your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch supports the following protocols: Virtual terminal protocols, such as Telnet SNMP Virtual Terminal Protocols A virtual terminal protocol is a software program, such as Telnet, that allows you to establish a management session from a Macintosh, a PC, or a UNIX workstation. Because Telnet runs over TCP/IP, you must have at least one IP address configured on the NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch before you can establish access to it with a virtual terminal protocol. Terminal emulation differs from a virtual terminal protocol in that you must connect a terminal or PC directly to the console port. Figure 5-2 shows a UNIX workstation connected to the system through a virtual terminal protocol (Telnet), and a terminal connecting directly to the console port through a null-modem cable.

Figure 5-2. Administration Console Access
SNMP Protocol SNMP is the standard management protocol for multi-vendor IP networks. SNMP supports transaction-based queries that allow the protocol to format messages and to transmit information between reporting devices and data-collection programs. SNMP runs on top of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), offering a connectionless-mode service.
Software Upgrade Procedure
The application software is field upgradeable. The upgrade procedure and the required equipment is described in the following section. Note that once the system is up, it is controlled by an executing application image residing in non-volatile memory. No software upgrade is possible during this mode. The upgrade can only be done when the system is resetting. To initiate this sequence, the user must set the Next Boot From configuration parameter to Boot from Net during normal operation, and then perform a reset. When the Boot from Net option is set, the switch

Page 23 of 105

will start using an image residing on a TFTP server on the network. Be sure that the TFTP server residing on the network is accessible by the switch. Once completed, the software version should be verified in the System page. Note: It is highly recommended, though not necessary, to use a RS-232 serial port connection to the switch during the software upgrading procedure. When using a Telnet Session or web interface alone, your connection to the switch will not be available until the switch has entered forwarding mode. This takes approximately three minutes. The upgrade procedure is as follow: Go to Main Menu>Tools>Software Upgrade (in the Web or Console Interface). 2. Select Boot from Net option. 3. Verify information such as the IP address for the TFTP Server, Gateway IP address, and the file name and its path of the new image. 4. Save the setting in non-volatile memory. In the Browser interface, use the Apply button, and the Tools> Save Configuration screen. In the console interface, use Ctrl-W and confirm the change to NVRAM. 5. Restart the system via the Tools>Reset command 6. Bootstrap will retrieve the new image then pass control to it. 7. The system executes the new software image.
Note: the previous image in non-volatile memory will not be replaced by the new image using this option. The image in non-volatile memory will only be over-written if Boot from Net and Save option is selected. 8. Test your switch to make sure the new image is working correctly. If you decide to keep the new image, go to Software Download again. Select Boot from Net & Save option. 9. Save the setting in non-volatile memory. In the Browser interface, use the Apply button, and the Tools> Save Configuration screen. In the console interface, use Ctrl-W and confirm the change to NVRAM. 10. Restart the system via the Tools>Reset command 11. The new image should over-write the old image in non-volatile memory. Verify it by going to the Software Download screen and checking the Software Release information. Note: IP address, Network Mask, and Default Gateway are not affected by upgrading the software. The settings will still be in non-volatile memory. Note: Please visit www.NETGEAR.com for the latest release of software

Page 30 of 105

Main Menu> Status > MAC Address Table (Dynamic Addresses) The MAC Address lookup table allows you to view the dynamic MAC addresses that are currently in the address database. When addresses are in the database, the packets intended for those addresses are forwarded directly to those ports. You can filter out addresses in the table by port, VLAN, and/or MAC address by entering a value in those fields, and selecting Query.
Figure 6-6: Address Manager: MAC Address Table

Page 31 of 105

Main Menu> Set-Up
There are two sub-menus at Set-Up menu, Port Configuration and IP Configuration. Main Menu> Set-Up> Port Configuration On this page, you can set up the port characteristics related to link operations (see Figure 6-7). All of the parameters on this page are toggle settings. To change, or toggle, between options, hit Ctrl-M to move the curser to the ports field and simply strike the space bar when the appropriate option is highlighted. Name Allows you to name the port or make notes. Link Indicates the state of the connection. Values in this field cannot be toggled. On/Off Allows you to Enable or Disable the port. State The State field displays the Spanning Tree State of the port (Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding, or Disabled). You can only observe the status of the ports; you cannot modify this field. The Spanning Tree Protocol controls this field. Rate/Duplex Offers the choice of Full-duplex, Half-duplex, or Auto negotiation. Enabling auto-negotiation on a port allows a port to sense the communication speed and negotiate the duplex mode (full duplex or half duplex) automatically. The ports will select the highest possible throughput. The port can auto-negotiate with any port that is compliant with IEEE 802.3u. If the other port is not IEEE802.3u compliant, the port will default to half-duplex, 10 Mbps mode. Users can operate the communication speed and duplex mode manually. Flow Control Allows you to enable or disable Flow Control. Flow control is a protocol that prevents packets from being dropped by reducing the amount of traffic to a level that can be accommodated. If enabled on both ends of a connection, it will prevent the sender from sending data until the receiver can accept it. This switch complies with the IEEE802.3x flow control standard. Note: GBIC ports do not support Auto Negotiation. You must manually configure the GBIC port. The default values are 1000Mbps, full duplex.
Figure 6-7: Port Configuration

Page 32 of 105

Main Menu> Set-Up> IP Configuration This menu manages the IP related information of the system. o Enter a site-specific IP address, Gateway Address, and Network Mask (or subnet mask). Consult your network administrator for the information. o Press Ctrl-W to save any changes to NVRAM.

Figure 6-29: SNMP Management: Host Table

Page 54 of 105

Main Menu> Advanced Menu> SNMP> Trap Settings Authentication Traps When on, the system will generate an SNMP trap upon a host authorization failure. This failure occurs when a host tries to gain access to the system but the hosts IP is not in the SNMP host table.
Figure 6-30: SNMP Management: Trap Settings

Page 55 of 105

CHAPTER 7: WEB MANAGEMENT ACCESS
Your NETGEAR Model GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch provides a built-in browser interface that lets you configure and monitor it remotely using a standard Web browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. Through this interface, you can see charts of the traffic flowing switch, data loads on ports and other information displayed in an intuitive manner. If you have questions, there is always a Help page, denoted by a question mark, which has more information about the screen that you are viewing. When you configure the switch for the first time from the console, you can assign an IP address and subnet mask to the switch. Thereafter, you can access the switchs Web interface directly using your Web browser by entering the switchs IP address. In this way, you can use your Web browser to manage the switch from a central location, just as if you were directly connected to the switchs console port. Figure 7-1 shows this management method.
Figure 7-1. Web Management Method
Web Management requires either Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or later or Netscape Navigator 6.0 or later. Web Pages Before displaying the switch home page via a web browser (i.e. Netscape Navigator), a login screen will appear prompting for an administrator password (if the password protection is enabled). The User Name will always be admin. Enter the password to access the switchs management mode. Once the password is entered correctly, the front page will appear.

Figure 7-2: Password

Note: If password protection is enabled (using the console) without setting your own password, the default password is 1234.
There are 6 menu options available: o System o Status o Set-up o Tools o Security o Advanced There is a help menu in the top of right side of screen; you can click the help or the question mark to read the help menu. The help menu contains: Web-Based Management Device Management Interface Operations Introduction to the Web management features. Introduction of the basic icons and management of the device Describes Web browser requirements, and common commands

Page 59 of 105

Figure 7-4: Statistics: Switch Statistics

Page 60 of 105

Status > Port Statistics The Port Statistics Chart shows all the statistic types for one port over time. o Port The port on which data will be monitored o Refresh Rate The time interval between automatic refreshes o Color The color setting for the data There are 12 kinds of Port Statistics Inbound Octets: Received bytes Inbound Unicast Packets: Received unicast packet Inbound Non-unicast Packets: Received non-unicast packet Inbound Discards: Received and is being discarded packet. Inbound Errors: Received and is a error packet Outbound Octets: Transmitted byte Outbound Unicast Packets: Transmitted unicast packet Outbound Non-unicast Packets: Transmitted non-unicast packet. Outbound Discards: Transmitted and is being discarded packet Outbound Errors: Transmitted and is an Error packet. Ethernet Undersize Packets: Less than 64byte length packet Ethernet Oversize Packets: more than 1518 byte length packet.
Figure 7-5: Statistics: Port Statistic
Note: Once the counter for a port has exceeded the 2 billion mark, it will reset to zero and count up again.

Page 61 of 105

Status > Port Settings This page displays the port settings. To configure the ports, go to the Port Configuration under the Set-up sub menu. o Port Number: The port number on the switch o Port Name: The name of the port. This is a user-defined label. o Link Status: A green triangle pointing up indicates a valid link, while a red triangle pointing down indicates no link. o On/Off: Indicates if the port is enabled or disabled by the Administrator. o State: This refers to the Spanning Tree state of the port. Ports will be Blocking (Blk), Listening (Lis), Learning (Lrn), Forwarding (Fwd) or Disabled (Dis). The port is either no link or only receiving PDU packets to monitor the Spanning Tree. Blk =Blocking. Fwd =Forwarding. The port is sending and receiving all traffic. The port is in learning stage of Spanning Tree Algorithm. Lrn =Learning. The port is in listening stage. Lis =Listening. The port is disabled by admin. Dis =Disabled. o Speed: Indicates the speed and duplex for the port. The possible entries are Auto-negotiation (Auto); 10 Mbps half duplex (10M Half); 10 Mbps full duplex (10M Full); 100 Mbps half duplex (100M Half); 100 Mbps full duplex (100M Full); or 1G full duplex (1000M Full). o Flow Control: Indicates whether Flow Control support is set for automatic (Auto) or off (Disabled) o Trunk ID Indicates which, if any, trunk that the port belongs to.
Figure 7-6: Port Configuration: Port Settings

Page 62 of 105

Status > MAC Address Table The MAC Address Table is a dynamic address lookup table allows you to view the dynamic MAC addresses that are currently in the address database. When addresses are in the database, the packets intended for those addresses are forwarded directly to those ports. You can filter the displayed addresses by port, VLAN, and/or MAC address by checking those fields.

Advanced> SNMP Users can manage this switch by SNMP from a network management station. SNMP management features on the switch include: o Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) o Support Standard MIBs: MIB II (RFC1213) Ethernet Interface MIB (RFC1643) Bridge MIB (RFC1493) Enterprise MIB (later release) RMON (RFC1757) groups 1, 2, 3, and 9 This page has three SNMP Settings: o Community Table o Host Table o Trap Setting Advanced> SNMP> Community Table The administrator can create up to eight different community strings with combinations of GET, SET and TRAP privileges. These community strings need to be set prior to setting host access, as the host table depends on the existence of community strings. The public string has GET privileges by default.
Figure 7-27: SNMP Management: Community Table

Page 85 of 105

Advanced> SNMP> Host Table The SNMP Host Table screen allows you to add and remove hosts from access rights that have been granted to community groups. The permissions GET, SET and TRAP are assigned to a community name and then these permissions are assigned to individual machines by adding those machines and their IP address to the appropriate community string. Host Authorization can be Enabled or Disabled. If Host Authorization is enabled, the host must be added to this table, through the Console port connection in order for an end station to be access the switch via SNMP.
Figure 7-28: SNMP Management: Host Table

Page 86 of 105

Advanced> SNMP> Trap Setting When on, the system will generate an SNMP trap upon a host authorization failure. This failure occurs when a host tries to gain access to the system but the hosts IP is not in the SNMP host table. Authentication traps o Enable The system will generate a SNMP trap upon a host authorization failure o Disable The authentication traps will not be generated All hosts in community strings with TRAP privileges will be notified when a trap condition occurs.
Figure 7-29: SNMP Management: Trap Settings

Page 87 of 105

APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY
This appendix defines terms associated with switching technology. 10BASE-T 100BASE-FX 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-SX 1000BASE-T Auto-negotiation The IEEE specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Category 3, 4, or 5 twisted-pair cable. The IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over fiber-optic cable. The IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5 twisted-pair cable. The IEEE specification for 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet over fiber-optic cable. The IEEE specification for 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 twisted-pair cable. A feature that allows twisted-pair ports to advertise their capabilities for speed, duplex and flow control. When connected to a port that also supports auto-negotiation, the link can automatically configure itself to the optimum setup. A feature that allows twisted-pair ports to sense if a normal (MDI-X) or uplink (MDI) connection is necessary and make the right link. It adjusts for straight-through or crossover cables. The part of a network used as a primary path for transporting traffic between network segments. The information capacity, measured in bits per second, that a channel could transmit. Bandwidth examples include 10 Mbps for Ethernet, 100 Mbps for Fast Ethernet, and 1000 Mbps (I Gbps) for Gigabit Ethernet. The signaling rate of a line, that is, the number of transitions (voltage or frequency changes) made per second. Also known as line speed. A packet sent to all devices on a network. Multiple simultaneous broadcasts that typically absorb all the available network bandwidth and can cause a network to fail. Broadcast storms can be due to faulty network devices or network loops. Determining whether current solutions can satisfy future demands. Capacity planning includes evaluating potential workload and infrastructure changes. A term to describe treating different types of traffic with different levels of service priority. Higher priority traffic gets faster treatment during times of switch congestion A term used to describe two colliding packets in an Ethernet network. Collisions are a part of normal Ethernet operation, but a sudden prolonged increase in the number of collisions can indicate a problem with a device, particularly if it is not accompanied by a general increase in traffic. A computer, printer, or server that is connected to a network. A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox, Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks transmit packets at a rate of 10 Mbps. An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100 Mbps. An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps). A technique for identifying and alerting administrators about connections (such as those associated with switch ports) that are experiencing congestion or failure, or exceeding an administratordefined threshold. The process of sending a packet toward its destination using a networking device. The process of screening a packet for certain characteristics, such as source address, destination address, or protocol. Filtering is used to determine whether traffic is to be forwarded, and can also prevent unauthorized access to a network or network devices. A congestion- control mechanism. Congestion is caused by devices sending traffic to already overloaded port on a switch. Flow control prevents packet loss and temporarily inhibits devices from generating more traffic until the period of congestion ends. A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link. A system that allows packets to transmitted and received, but not at the same time. Contrast with full-duplex. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This American organization was founded in 1963 and sets standards for computers and communications.

ACT LED is flashing continuously on all connected ports and the network is disabled
A network loop (redundant path) has been created (see Figure 2-3).
Additional Troubleshooting Suggestions
If the suggestions in Table B-1 do not resolve your problem, refer to the troubleshooting suggestions in this section. Network Adapter Cards Make sure the network adapter cards installed in the PCs are in working condition and the software driver has been installed. Configuration If problems occur after altering the network configuration, restore the original connections and determine the problem by implementing the new changes, one step at a time. Make sure that cable distances, repeater limits, and other physical aspects of the installation do not exceed the Ethernet limitations. Switch Integrity If required, verify the integrity of the switch by resetting the switch. To reset the switch, use the Tools> Reset command or remove AC power from the switch and then reapply AC power. If the problem continues, contact NETGEAR technical support. In North America, call 1-888-NETGEAR. If you are outside of North America, please refer to the support information card included with your product. Auto Negotiation The 10/100/1000 Mbps ports negotiate the correct duplex mode and speed if the device at the other end of the link supports auto negotiation. If the device does not support auto negotiation, the switch only determines the speed correctly and the duplex mode defaults to half-duplex. The gigabit port on the Gigabit module negotiates speed, duplex mode, and flow control, provided that the attached device supports autonegotiation.

Symptom Cause Solution

Page 91 of 105
APPENDIX C: Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
A Local Area Network (LAN) can generally be defined as a broadcast domain. Hubs, bridges or switches in the same physical segment or segments connect all end node devices. End nodes can communicate with each other without the need for a router. Routers connect LANs together, routing the traffic to appropriate port. A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a local-area network with a definition that maps workstations on some other basis than geographic location (for example, by department, type of user, or primary application). To communicate between VLANs, traffic must go through a router, just as if they were on two separate LANs. A VLAN is a group of PCs, servers and other network resources that behave as if they were connected to a single, network segment even though they may not be. For example, all marketing personnel may be spread throughout a building. Yet if they are all assigned to a single VLAN, they can share resources and bandwidth as if they were connected to the same segment. The resources of other departments can be invisible to the marketing VLAN members, accessible to all, or accessible only to specified individuals, depending on how the IT manager has set up the VLANs. The Advantages of VLANs Easy to do network segmentation Users communicate most frequently with each other can be grouped into common VLANs, regardless of physical location. Each group's traffic is largely contained within the VLAN, reducing extraneous traffic and improving the efficiency of the whole network. Easy to manage The addition of nodes, as well as moves and other changes, can be dealt with quickly and conveniently from a management interface rather than the wiring closet. Increased performance VLANs free up bandwidth by limiting node-to-node and broadcast traffic throughout the network. Enhanced network security VLANs create virtual boundaries that can only be crossed through a router. So standard, router-based security measures can be used to restrict access to each VLAN VLAN Behavior in the GSM712 Packets received by the switch will be treated in the following way: o When an untagged packet enters a port, it will be automatically tagged with the ports default VLAN ID tag number. Each port has a default VLAN ID setting that is user configurable (the default setting is 1). The default VLAN ID setting for each port can be changed in that ports respective Port Configuration page. When a tagged packet enters a port, the tag for that packet will be unaffected by the default VLAN ID Setting. The packet will now proceed to the VLAN specified by its VLAN ID tag number. If the port in which the packet entered does not have membership with the VLAN specified by the VLAN ID tag, the packet will be dropped. Port VLAN membership settings are changed in the Primary VLAN page. If the port has membership to the VLAN specified by the packets VLAN ID, the packet will be able to be sent to other ports with the same VLAN ID membership. Packets leaving the switch will be either tagged or untagged depending on the setting for that ports VLAN membership properties.

o o o o

A U for a given port and VLAN will mean that packets leaving the switch from that port and VLAN will be Untagged. Inversely, a T for a given port and VLAN will mean that packets leaving the switch from that port and VLAN will be tagged with the respective VLAN ID in which it participated in.

Page 92 of 105

Two examples of for setting up VLANs will be given. Example 1 will step through a simple two-group VLAN setup. Example 2 will step through a more elaborate setup illustrating all possible scenarios for a comprehensive understanding of tagged VLANs. Example 1 This example shows the basics of setting up a VLAN. 1. In the VLAN Administration page, add a new VLAN to the list, shown below as First with a VLAN ID value of 2.

Page 93 of 105

In the VLAN Membership page, use the space bar to modify the matrix until the desired ports are all members of the selected VLAN as either tagged or untagged ports.

Page 94 of 105

To allow untagged packets to participate in the First VLAN, make sure to change the Port VLAN IDs for the relevant ports. Access the PVID Settings page then use the space bar to add an X indicating which Port VLAN ID is assigned to which port.

Page 95 of 105

Example 2 This example demonstrates several scenarios of VLAN use and how the switch will handle VLAN and non-VLAN traffic. 1) Setup the following VLANs:
Configure the VLAN membership. Each image below shows a different VLAN to be setup. Be sure to set all of them as follows.

Page 96 of 105

Page 97 of 105

Page 98 of 105

Setup the Port VLAN IDs as follows.
Note: Port 01 PVID is set to 2. This must be done in the port specific page since there is no VLAN with ID 2
The specific ports above have the following Port VLAN ID settings (The Port VLAN ID settings for each port are configured in the VLAN Ports page): Port 01: 2 Port 02: 1 Port 03: 1 Port 04: 1 Port 05: 5 Port 06: 2 Port 07: 10 Port 08: 10 Port 09: 10 Port 10: 10 Port 11: 1 Port 12: 1

Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate, the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device. The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device. Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media-dependent interface ports, called MDI or uplink ports. Most repeaters and switch ports are configured as media-dependent interfaces with built-in crossover ports, called MDI-X or normal ports. Auto Uplink technology automatically senses which connection, MDI or MDI-X, is needed and makes the right connection. Figure F-1 illustrates straight-through twisted pair cable.

Page 103 of 105

Figure F-1. Straight-Through Twisted-Pair Cable
Figure F-2 illustrates crossover twisted pair cable.
Figure F-2. Crossover Twisted-Pair Cable
Patch Panels and Cables If you are using patch panels, make sure that they meet the 100BASE-TX requirements. NETGEAR recommends Category 5 UTP cable for all patch cables and work area cables to ensure that your UTP patch cable rating meets or exceeds the distribution cable rating. To wire patch panels, you need two Category 5 UTP cables with an RJ-45 plug at each end, as shown in Figure F-3.
Figure F-3. Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End
Note: Flat silver satin telephone cable may have the same RJ-45 plug. However, using telephone cable results in excessive collisions, causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network. Using 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 Cable Overview When using the new 1000BASE-T standard, the limitations of cable installations and the steps necessary to ensure optimum performance must be considered. The most important components in your cabling system are patch panel connections, twists of the pairs at connector transition points, the jacket around the twisted-pair cable, bundling of multiple pairs on horizontal runs and punch down blocks. All of these factors affect the performance of 1000BASE-T technology if not correctly implemented. The following sections are designed to act as a guide to correct cabling for 1000BASE-T.

Page 104 of 105

Cabling The 1000BASE-T product is designed to operate over Category 5 cabling. To further enhance the operation, the cabling standards have been amended. The latest standard is Category 5e, which defines a higher level of link performance than is available with Category 5 cable. If installing new cable, we recommend using Category 5e cable, since it costs about the same as Category 5 cable. If using the existing cable, be sure to have the cable plant tested by a professional who can verify that it meets or exceeds either ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A:1995 or ISO/IEC 11801:1995 Category 5 specifications. Length The maximum distance limitation between two pieces of equipment is 100 m, as per the original Ethernet specification. The end-to-end link is called the channel. TSB-67 defines the Basic Link which is the portion of the link that is part of the building infrastructure. This excludes patch and equipment cords. The maximum basic link length is 295 feet (90 m). Return Loss Return loss measures the amount of reflected signal energy resulting from impedance changes in the cabling link. The nature of 1000BASE-T renders this measurement very important; if too much energy is reflected back on to the receiver, the device does not perform optimally. Unlike 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, which use only two of the four pairs of wires within the Category 5, 1000BASE-T uses all four pairs of the twisted pair. Make sure all wires are tested this is important. Factors that affect the return loss are: The number of transition points, as there is a connection via an RJ-45 to another connector, a patch panel, or device at each transition point. Removing the jacket that surrounds the four pairs of twisted cable. It is highly recommended that, when RJ-45 connections are made, this is minimized to 1-1/4 inch (32 mm). Untwisting any pair of the twisted-pair cabling. It is important that any untwisting be minimized to 3/8 inch (10 mm) for RJ-45 connections. Cabling or bundling of multiple Category 5 cables. This is regulated by ANSI/EIA/TIA-568A-3. If not correctly implemented, this can adversely affect all cabling parameters.

GSM712
12-port Managed Gigabit Switch
High-Speed Managed Gigabit Switching
Help is there when you need it! NETGEAR provides 24x7 telephone and e-mail technical support** in English, with selected local language support during office hours. Because it delivers Gigabit power and easy-to-use management, NETGEARs Managed Gigabit Switch gives your small or growing business the high-performance network backbone you need, while providing the control you want. In combination with stacked FSM726S Managed Stackable Switches and Gigabit-speed servers, its integrated Gigabit connectivity accelerates access time for maximized productivity in your workplace. This non-blocking switch is simple and straightforward, with two management interface options to choose from an easy-to-follow, browser-based interface and a command line interface. Management features include SNMP RMON, VLAN, DiffServ, RADIUS, 802.1x, , CoS, port trunking, Spanning Tree, and port mirroring. Very affordable, it accommodates as many as 8,000 network users, with the connection flexibility of 10 Copper Gigabit ports and two slots for GBIC modules, sold separately.* All ports are auto-negotiating and support Auto Uplink technology.
*NETGEAR AGM721F GBIC SX module for 1000BASE-SX connections or NETGEAR AGM721T GBIC Copper Gigabit module for 1000BASE-T connections

Robust

Non-blocking, the GSM712 provides powerful, high-performance data transfer via 12 Gigabit Ethernet ports. Simple to setup and use, with an intuitive browser interface for easy configuration. Use either built-in Copper Gigabit or GBIC slots to connect. This flexible switch also provides two management interface options to choose from. And you can use it as an unmanaged switch saving the management features until you want them. Moderately priced to boost your network throughput without blowing your budget.

Carefree Versatile

Effective
May 27, 2003 Netgear GSM712 Netgear, Inc.

Everybodys Connecting.

Technical Specifications
Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility: - IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T - IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX - IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX - IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T - IEEE 802.3x flow control Management Specifications: - IEEE 802.1x Standard for Port Based Network Access Control*** - IEEE 802.1Q Static VLAN (Up to 64) - IEEE 802.1p Class of Service (CoS) - IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol - Port Trunking - Manual as per IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control (LACP) - IGMP Snooping Support - Port Mirroring Support - RFC 1157 SNMP - RFC 1757 RMON groups 1, 2, 3, and 9 - RFC 1213 MIB II - RFC 1643 Ethernet Interface MIB - RFC 1493 Bridge MIB - RFC 951 BootP - RFC 2131 DHCP - RFC 2998 DiffServ - RFC 2865 RADIUS - Private Enterprise MIB User Interfaces: - Command Line Interface via console port or Telnet - Command Menu Interface via console port or Telnet - Web-based management via embedded HTTP server Physical Interfaces: - 10 RJ-45 connectors for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 1000BASE-T (Auto Uplink on all ports) - Two Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) slots for GBIC modules - RS-232 Console Port LEDs: - Per port: (10/100/1000 and Gigabit): Link, Mode (Max Speed, Activity, Full Duplex) - Per device: Power
4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone: 1-888-NETGEAR E-mail: info@NETGEAR.com www.NETGEAR.com
Physical Specifications: - Dimensions (w x d x h): 440 x 253 x 43 mm (17.32 x 9.96 x 1.7 in) - Weight: 3.2 kg (7.0 lbs) Environmental Specifications: - Operating temperature: 0 to 40C (32 to 40F) - Storage temperature: -20 to 70C (-4 to 158F) - Operating humidity: 90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing - Storage humidity: 95% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing - Operating altitude: 10,000 ft (3,000 m) maximum - Storage altitude: 10,000 ft (3,000 m) maximum Safety: - CE mark, commercial - CSA certified (CSA 22.2 #950) - TUV licensed (EN 60 950) - UL listed (UL 1950)/CUL IEC950/EN60950 Emissions: - CE mark, commercial - FCC Part 15 Class A - VCCI Class A - EN 55022 (CISPR 22), Class A - C-Tick Electromagnetic Immunity: - EN 50082-1 - EN 55024 Modules: - NETGEAR AGM721F GBIC SX module for 1000BASE-SX connections with SC connectors for 50um or 62.5um multi-mode fiber cable - NETGEAR AGM721T GBIC Copper Gigabit module for 1000BASE-T connections with an RJ-45 connector and Cat 5 or better cable Warranty: - NETGEAR 5-year warranty

Package Contents

Performance Specifications: - Forwarding modes: Store-and-forward - Bandwidth: 24 Gbps (non-blocking) - Packet forwarding: 17.8 Mpps - Switch latency: < 80 s for 64-byte frames (100 Mbps to 100 Mbps) - System memory: 16 MB - Packet buffer memory: 1.5 MB - Address database size: 8,000 media access control (MAC) addresses per system - Addressing: 48-bit MAC address - Acoustic noise: (ANSI-S10.12) 45 dB - Heat Dissipation: 18.99 BTU/hr - Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF): 58,300 hours (~ 6.5 years) Electrical Specifications: - Power Consumption: 36W maximum - 100 - 240VAC/50-60 Hz universal inputs
2003 NETGEAR, Inc. NETGEAR, the Netgear logo, The Gear Guy, Everybody's connecting and Auto Uplink are trademarks or registered trademarks of NETGEAR, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Information is subject to change without notice. All rights reserved. PC Magazine Editors' Choice Award Logo is a trademark of Ziff Davis Publishing Holdings Inc. Used under license. ** Free basic installation support provided for 90 days from date of purchase; optional premium support available.
- GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch - Null modem cable - Rubber footpads for tabletop installation - Power cable - Rack-mount kit - Installation guide - Warranty card - Support information card

NETGEAR Related Products

- FSM726 24+2 Managed Switch - FSM726S 24+2 Managed Stackable Switch - FSM750S 48+2 Managed Stackable Switch - AGM721F 1000Base-SX GBIC module (SC connector) - AGM721T 1000Base-T GBIC Copper Gigabit module

D-GSM712-1

*** Available for free download July 2003