Note: The number 192.68.135.127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address of the rst subnet. And 192.68.135.128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet.
Table 1-1 lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted-decimal value of the additional subnet bits. For instance, to partition your Class C network 204.247.203.0 with subnet mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (4 bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240.

Table 1-1.

Number of Bits 7 8
Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet
Dotted-Decimal Value 254 255
Table 1-2 displays several common netmask values in both the dotted-decimal and the mask-length formats.

Table 1-2.

Dotted-Decimal 255.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.254 255.255.255.255

Netmask Formats

Mask-length /8 /16 /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 /31 /32
NETGEAR strongly advises that all hosts on a LAN segment use the same netmask for the following reasons: So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address. In order for this scheme to work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address. So that a local router or bridge will know which addresses are local and which are remote

Private IP Addresses

If your networks are isolated from the Internet (for example, only between your two branch ofces), you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specically for private networks:
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
NETGEAR recommends that you choose your private network number from this list.

Introduction 1-11

Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the guidelines explained here. For more information about address assignment, refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT
If multiple stations on a LAN need to access the Internet simultaneously, they usually have to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP. This type of Internet account is much more costly than a single-address account typically used by a single user with a terminal adapter rather than a router. The Model RM356 Modem Router employs a method called extended NAT. This method allows an entire department of networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP. The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique on the Internet. The internal LAN IP addresses can be either private addresses or registered addresses. For more information about IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT). Figure 1-3 illustrates a single IP address operation.

Conguration Methods

If you are using a PC, you have the following two options to congure your router: Through FirstGear FirstGear is an easy-to-use Windows-based utility that leads you through a Quick Setup or an Advanced menu for conguring your router. For FirstGear instructions, refer to Getting Started Using FirstGear for the Model RM356 Modem Router. Through the built-in Manager interface
If you are using a Macintosh or UNIX-based workstation, the built-in Manager interface is the only way that you can congure your router through your computer. However, you can use a PC to congure the router and then connect the router to the Macintosh or workstation after the conguration process is complete. The built-in Manager interface is accessible through either a serial or a Telnet connection (refer to Connecting Through the Serial Port or Connecting Through a Telnet Connection on page 2-9 of Chapter 2, Router Installation and Connection). If the router has not previously been assigned an IP address, you cannot connect through a Telnet session. You must use a serial connection.

Router Configuration

Powering on the Router
When you turn power on to the router, several internal tests are performed by the router. After the initialization, the start-up display appears, as illustrated in Figure 3-1.
ethernet address: 00:a0:c5:e0:23:cc Wan port init. done Modem init. inactive Press ENTER to continue.

Figure 3-1.

Start-up Display

To continue:

Press [Enter] when prompted. A login screen is displayed and prompts you to enter a password.
Enter the default password 1234 to reach the main menu of the Manager. Once you are in the Manager and if there is no activity for longer than 5 minutes, the router automatically logs you out and displays a blank screen. If you see a blank screen, press [Enter] to display the password screen again.

Navigating the Manager

The Manager is the interface that you use to congure your router. Table 3-1 lists and describes the commands that enable you to navigate through the menus in the Manager.

Table 3-1.

Action Move forward to another menu Move back to a previous menu Move the cursor Enter information

Manager Menu Commands

Description Enter the number of the submenu and press [Enter]. Press [Esc]. The only exception is the Main Menu, where typing 99 is the only method to exit from the Manager. Press [Enter]. You can also use the Up and Down keys to move to the previous and the next eld, respectively. There are two types of elds for entering selected parameters. The rst requires you to enter the appropriate information. The second gives you options to choose from. When choosing options, press the space bar to toggle through the available options. Some of the elds in the Manager are essential in order to congure the router. The required elds initially show a question mark (?), indicating that the information must be lled in before that menu can be saved. Some of the elds in the Manager show N/A, meaning the option is not available. Press [Enter] when prompted to press ENTER to conrm or ESC to cancel. In most cases, saving the data on the screen takes you to the previous menu.

Enter 4 from the Main Menu to display Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup. Enter the name of your ISP in the ISPs Name eld (for example, MyISP). This information is for identication purposes only.
Enter the IP Address of the remote router at the point of presence (POP) of the ISP in the ISP Gateway IP Addr eld (optional). If you do not have this data, you can leave it blank.
Enter a primary phone number and a secondary phone number in the Pri(mary) Phone # and Sec(ondary) Phone # elds. Both the primary and the secondary phone number refer to the number that the router dials to connect to the ISP. The router calls your ISP using the primary phone number rst. If the primary phone number is busy or does not answer, the router calls the secondary phone number if available. In addition to numbers, these elds accept pound sign (#), star (*), and comma (,). Use a comma to insert a pause (for example, to wait for a second dial tone).
Enter your login name in the My Login Name eld. Enter the login name given to you by your ISP.
Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router 6.
Enter your password in the My Password eld. Enter the password associated with the login name from your ISP.
Enter single-user account information in the Single User Account eld. Refer toSingle IP Address Operation Using NAT on page 1-12 and Conguration for Single-User Account on the next page for more information about the Single User Account eld. The default is No.
If you must use a script to log in to your account, use the space bar to toggle the Edit Script Options eld to Yes and press [Enter]. Refer to Editing Script Options on page 5-5 for more information.
Press [Enter] at the Press ENTER to Conrm. prompt to conrm your selections. You can also press [Esc] at any time to cancel your selections. The Manager asks if you want to test the Internet connection. If you select Yes, the router calls the ISP to test the Internet connection. If the test fails, note the error message that you receive and take the appropriate troubleshooting steps.
Conguration for Single-User Account
The Model RM356 Modem Router implements NAT (IP masquerading), allowing the use of a single-user account for Internet access. The steps for conguring your router for single-user Internet access are similar to those for conventional Internet access, with the exception that you need to ll in three extra elds. To congure your router for single-user Internet access, follow steps 1 through 6 from the previous section, Internet Access Conguration. You must provide the following additional information in step 7 before proceeding to step 8 and step 9: Single User Account feature Enter Yes to enable the Single User Account feature. Use the space bar to toggle between Yes and No. Single User Account: Local IP Addr If your ISP assigns you a dynamic IP address, enter 0.0.0.0 here. If your ISP assigns you a static IP address, enter that IP address here.

When a remote node is congured properly, trafc to the remote LAN triggers the router to make a call automatically (Dial On Demand). Similarly, calls from the remote LAN are answered automatically and security is checked. To create a remote node:
Enter 11 from the Main Menu to display Menu 11 - Remote Node Setup. Enter a remote node number (1 to 4) to edit the remote node and to display Submenu 11.1 - Remote Node Prole. Press [Enter] at the Press ENTER to Conrm. prompt to conrm your selections. Press [Esc] at any time to cancel your selections.
Table 5-1 lists and describes the elds in the Remote Node Prole menu and explains how to enter the information in each eld.
Remote Node Configuration
Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router Table 5-1.

Field Rem Node Name

Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Prole Fields
Description This eld is required. Enter a descriptive name for the remote node (for example, MyOfce). This eld supports up to eight characters. This name must be unique from any other remote node name or remote dial-in user name. Press the space bar to toggle between Yes and No. When a remote node is deactivated, it has no effect on the operation of the router, even though it is still kept in the database and can be activated in the future. Deactivated nodes are displayed with a minus sign (-) preceding the name in Menu 11. If this parameter is set to Both, the router can place and receive calls to and from this remote node. If set to Incoming, the router does not place a call to this remote node. If set to Outgoing, the router will drop any call from this remote node. Several other elds in this menu depend on this parameter. For example, in order to enable Call Back, the Call Direction must be Both.

Active

Call Direction
Incoming: Rem Login Name Rem Password Rem CLID Enter the login name that this remote node will use when it calls into the router. Enter the password used when this remote node calls into the router. This eld is active only if Call Direction is either Both or Incoming. Otherwise, N/A appears in the eld. This is the Calling Line ID (the telephone number of the calling party) of this remote node. If you enable the CLID Authen eld in Menu 13 - Default Dial In, the router checks this number against the CLID in the incoming call. If they do not match and the CLID Authen option is enabled, the router rejects the call. This eld is valid only if Call Direction is Both. Otherwise, N/A appears in the eld. This eld determines whether or not you want the router to call back after receiving a call from this remote node. If this option is enabled, the router disconnects the initial call from this node and calls the node back at the Outgoing Primary Phone Number.

Call Back

Outgoing: My Login Name My Password Authen This eld is required if Call Direction is either Both or Out. Enter the login name your router uses when it calls this remote node. This eld is required if Call Direction is either Both or Out. Enter the password your router uses when it calls this remote node. This eld sets the authentication protocol used for outgoing calls. Options for this eld are: CHAP/PAPRouter will try CHAP when CHAP is requested by the remote node or PAP when PAP is requested by the remote node (Default). PAPUse PAP only. CHAPUse CHAP only.

Idle Timeout (sec)

Editing PPP Options

To edit PPP options:

Select Yes in the Edit PPP Options eld of Submenu 11.1 - Remote Node Prole. Press [Enter] to display Menu 11.2 Remote Node PPP Options. Edit the options described in Table 5-2. Press [Enter] at the Press ENTER to Conrm. prompt to conrm your selections, and return to the previous menu. Press [Esc] at any time to cancel your selections.
Continue to the end of Menu 11.1, and press [Enter] to save the selections you made in Menu 11.2.
Table 5-2 lists and describes each eld in Menu 11.2 - Remote Node PPP Options.

Table 5-2.

Field Encapsulation
Fields in Menu 11.2 - Remote Node PPP Options
Description Select CCP (Compression Control Protocol) for the PPP or MP link. Two options are available in this eld: Standard PPPStandard PPP options are used (default). CISCO PPPCisco Systems PPP options are used. Allows the negotiation of data compression with the remote node router.

Compression

Editing Script Options
Some ISPs require login script handshaking during a call connection. The Model RM356 Modem Router provides six sets of programming scripts for this purpose. Each set of scripts is composed of an Expect string and a Send string. After capturing and verifying the string in the Expect eld, the router will send out the string in the Send eld. If both the Expect and Send elds are empty, the router will terminate script handshaking. The Script Options display is shown in Table 5-3.

Table 5-3.

Field Active

Script Options Display

Description Press the space bar to toggle between Yes and No. When a Remote Node Script is deactivated, it has no effect on the operation of your router. It will be kept in the database and can be activated in the future. Enter an Expect string to capture. After capturing the Expect string, the router will send out the string in the Send eld. Enter a string to send out after the Expect string is captured. Option Press space bar to toggle [Yes/No]
Set 1-6: Expect Set 1-6: Send
Chapter 6 Dial-In Conguration
You can congure the router to receive calls from remote dial-in users (for example, telecommuters) and remote nodes. Several differences exist between remote dial-in users and remote nodes: The router can make calls to or answer calls from the remote node, but the remote dial-in user calls are incoming or callback only. Each remote node can have its own set of parameters such as security and callback; however, all remote dial-in users share one common set, as dened in the Default Dial In Setup (Menu 13). Typically, remote dial-in users are individual users who dial in to the router directly from their workstations, while remote nodes represent networks and are used for LAN-to-LAN connections.
This chapter discusses how to set up default dial-in parameters for both a remote node and a remote dial-in user, and how to set up individual proles for dial-in users.

My WAN Addr

Single User Account
Single User Account: Server IP Addr

Metric

Private
Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router Table 7-2.

Field RIP: RIP Direction

Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options Fields (continued)
Description This parameter determines how the router handles RIP (Routing Information Protocol). If set to Both (default), the router broadcasts its routing table to other routers and incorporates RIP broadcasts by other routers into its routing table. If set to In Only, the router will not broadcast its routing table but will accept RIP information from other routers. If set to Out Only, the router broadcasts its routing table, but it ignores any RIP broadcast packets that it receives. If set to None, the router does not participate in any RIP exchange with other routers. Usually, you should leave this parameter at the default (Both) and let RIP propagate the routing information automatically. This eld determines which version of RIP (Routing Information Protocol) will be used by the router. The following RIP options are supported by the Model RM356 Modem Router: RIP-1The router will accept and send RIP-1 messages only. RIP-2BThe router will accept RIP-1 and RIP-2 messages (both broadcast and multicast) and send RIP-2 messages in broadcast format. RIP-2MThe router will accept RIP-1 and RIP-2 messages (both broadcast and multicast) and send RIP-2 messages in multicast format. For most applications, the recommended version is RIP-2B. Select RIP-1 if other connected routers or workstations do not support RIP-2. Select RIP-2M only in a pure RIP-2 environment.

Static Route Setup

On a directly connected internetwork, RIP usually handles the routing automatically. However, RIP cannot propagate across isolated networks, as in the case before a connection is made between two subnetworks using one Class C IP address. Without a route, no packets can be forwarded to their destinations. A static route is used to resolve this problem by providing the router with some static routing information. When you congure for Internet access or a remote node, a static route is implicitly created by the router. Under normal circumstances, the router has adequate routing information after you congure the Internet access and remote nodes, and you do not need to congure additional static routes. You must congure static routes only for unusual cases (for example, subnetting). To view the routes in the routing table, go to the Command Interpreter Mode (Menu 24.8) and type ip route stat. After viewing the table, type exit to return to the menus. To create additional static routes for IP, use Menu 12 - Static Route Setup. Select an unused number from the menu, and a new menu opens. This menu is Menu 12.1, the Edit IP Static Route menu.

When you complete the menu, press [Enter] at the Press ENTER to Conrm. prompt to save your selections, or press [Esc] at any time to cancel your selections. Table 7-3 lists and describes the elds for Menu 12.1 - Edit IP Static Route.

Table 7-3.

Field Route Name Active Destination IP Address
Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields
Description Enter a descriptive name for this route for identication purposes only. This eld allows you to activate or deactivate this static route. This eld species the IP network address of the nal destination. Routing is always based on network number. If you need to specify a route to a single host, use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask eld to force the network number to be identical to the host ID. Enter the subnet mask for this destination. For more information about setting IP subnet masks, see Subnet Addressing on page 1-9. Enter the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of the router that forwards the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same segment as the router. Over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote nodes. The Metric eld represents the cost of transmission for routing purposes. IP routing uses hop counts as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of 1 for directly connected networks. Enter a number that approximates the cost for this link. The number does not have to be precise, but it must be between 1 and 16. In practice, 2 or 3 is usually a good number. This eld determines if the router includes the route to this remote node in its RIP broadcasts. If set to Yes, this route is kept private and not included in any RIP broadcast. If set to No, the route to this remote node is propagated to other hosts through RIP broadcasts.
IP Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address
Chapter 8 Filter Conguration
This chapter provides information about using lters and conguring lters for your Model RM356 Modem Router. The router uses lters to decide whether to allow passage of a data packet and/or to make a call over the phone line. Three types of lters are involved: incoming data lters, outgoing data lters, and call lters. Data lters screen the data to determine if the packet should be allowed to pass. Call lters are used to determine if a call should be placed. Outgoing packets must pass through the data lters before they encounter call lters. The call lters are divided into two groups: default call lters and user-dened call lters. The Model RM356 Modem Router has default call lters that lter out administrative packets (for example, RIP packets). The router applies the default lters rst and then, if applicable, applies the user-dened call lters as shown in Figure 8-1.

Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router Table 8-4.

Field Active IP Protocol

TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields
Description In this eld, you can make the lter rule active (Yes) or make the lter rule inactive (No). Protocol refers to the IP-specic protocol number. The value entered in this eld should be a decimal number between 0 and 255 (for example, 17 refers to the UDP protocol). Refer to RFC1700, Assigned Numbers, for specic protocol numbers. Yes or No in this eld determines whether to check the source route.
IP Source Route Destination: IP Addr
In this eld, enter the destination IP address of the packet you want to lter. The address is written in dotted-decimal notation such as a.b.c.d where a, b, c, and d are numbers between 0 and 255. In this eld, enter the IP subnet mask that is used to mask the bits of the IP Address given in Destination: IP Addr. See Netmask on page 1-8 for information about IP subnet masks. In this eld, enter the destination port of the packets that you want to lter. The range of this eld is 0 to 65535. For example, 47 refers to the FTP port. Refer to RFC1700, Assigned Numbers, for specic port numbers. In this eld, select the comparison quantier you want to enable to compare to the value given in Destination: Port #. There are ve options for this eld: None (default) Less Greater Equal Not Equal

IP Mask

Port #

Port # Comp

Source: IP Addr In this eld, enter the source IP address of the packet you want to lter. The IP address is written in dotted-decimal notation such as a.b.c.d where a, b, c, and d are numbers between 0 and 255. In this eld, enter the IP subnet mask that is used to mask the bits of the IP Address given in Source: IP Addr. In this eld, enter the source port of the packets that you want to lter. The range of this eld is 0 to 65535. In this eld, select the comparison quantier you want to use to compare to the value given in Source: Port #. There are ve options for this eld: None (Default) Less Greater Equal Not Equal
IP Mask Port # Port # Comp

Field TCP Estab

Go to Menu 21 - Filter Set Conguration, and choose a name and lter set.
Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration Filter Set # -----Comments ----------------netbios _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ Filter Set # -----Comments ----------------_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
Enter Filter Set Number to Configure= 1 Edit Comments= netbios Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

Figure 8-3. 2.

Menu 21 Filter Set Conguration
Next, dene the lter rules. You want your lter to ignore (drop) UDP and TCP packets originating from ports 137, 138, and 139. Because each protocol/port combination must be specied as a separate rule, there will be six rules. Each lter set contains six rules, so you will ll one entire set. Begin with rule 1, as illustrated in Figure 8-3.
Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router 3. 4.
Set Active to Yes, and specify the IP Protocol as 17, which is the UDP protocol number (in decimal) from the Assigned Numbers RFC as described on page 8-10. Specify Source Port #137, NetBIOS Naming Service, and set the Port # Comparison eld to look for port numbers equal to 137. For packets that match this comparison, you want to drop the packet, so set Action Matched to Drop. For packets not matching, you want to continue to the next rule, so set Action Not Matched to Check Next Rule. Figure 8-4 shows Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule.
Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule Filter #: 1,1 Filter Type= TCP/IP Filter Rule Active= Yes IP Protocol= 17 IP Source Route= No Destination: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0 IP Mask= 0.0.0.0 Port #= 0 Port # Comp= None Source: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0 IP Mask= 0.0.0.0 Port #= 137 Port # Comp= Equal TCP Estab= N/A More= No Log= None Action Matched= Drop Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:

Figure 8-4.

TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu
Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router 5.
Dene the next ve rules the same wayone for each combination of the three port numbers and the two protocol types. The last rule, however, will be slightly different. For Action Not Matched, select Forward. Any packet that has not matched any of the six rules will be forwarded for routing. When all six rules are dened, Menu 21.1 should appear as it does in Figure 8-5. As a visual check, make sure that all six rules contain Y in the A (Active) eld, D (Drop) in the m (matched) eld, and N (next rule) in the n (not matched) eld, except for the last rule, which should have F (Forward) in the n eld.

Figure 8-5 shows the Filter Rules Summary menu with all six rules dened.
Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary # A Type 1 Y IP 2 Y IP 3 Y IP 4 Y IP 5 Y IP 6 Y IP Filter Rules Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=137, DA=0.0.0.0 Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=138, DA=0.0.0.0 Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=139, DA=0.0.0.0 Pr= 6, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=137, DA=0.0.0.0 Pr= 6, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=138, DA=0.0.0.0 Pr= 6, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=139, DA=0.0.0.0 Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: M m n N D N N D N N D N N D N N D N N D F
- - ---- --------------------------------------------------------- - - -

Figure 8-5.

Filter Rules Summary Menu

Applying the Filter

When the lter design is nished, you must tell the router where to apply the lter. Apply it as a Call Filter in the remote node that reaches your DNS server(s) (usually your ISP node). Go to Menu 11.1, Remote Node Prole, and enter the number of the lter under Call Filter Sets as shown in Figure 8-6. If you have multiple lters, you can cascade up to four by entering their numbers separated by commas. Figure 8-6 shows the Remote Node Prole Menu.
Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Profile Rem Node Name= MyISP Active= Yes Call Direction= Outgoing Incoming: Rem Login= Rem Password= ******** Rem CLID= N/A Call Back= N/A Outgoing: My Login= netgear My Password= ******** Authen= CHAP/PAP Pri Phone #= 18005551212 Sec Phone #= Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel: Session Options: Input Filter Sets= Output Filter Sets= Call Filter Sets= 1 <<- APPLY Idle Timeout(sec)= 300 Edit PPP Options= No Rem IP Addr= 0.0.0.0 Edit IP= No Telco Option: Transfer Type= 64K Allocated Budget(min)= 0 Period(hr)= 0

Figure 8-6.

Remote Node Prole Menu
When you nish, restart the router.
Chapter 9 System Maintenance
The Model RM356 Modem Router provides diagnostic tools for maintenance. These diagnostic tools include displays of system status, modem status, log and trace capabilities, and upgrades to the system software. This chapter describes the use of these tools.

System Status

The System Maintenance Status Menu (Menu 24.1) allows the user to monitor the operation of the router. This screen displays the current status of the MODEM and Ethernet ports, and it counts the number of packets sent and received. It also displays the system software version. Enter 24 from the Main Menu to display the System Maintenance Menu. Then enter 1 to display Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance Status Menu. Table 9-1 lists the commands used in the System Maintenance Status Menu.

Table 9-1.

Command Enter 1 Enter 9 [Esc]
System Maintenance Status Menu Fields
Field Name Drop port 1 Reset counters Description This eld disconnects the current modem call. This eld resets the counters. Pressing [Esc] exits this menu.

System Maintenance

Table 9-2 lists the elds for Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance Status. These elds are read-only elds.

Table 9-2.

Field Port: Status Speed TX Pkts RX Pkts Errors Up Time Total Outcall Time Ethernet: Status TX Pkts RX Pkts Collisions Name RAS S/W Version Ethernet Address LAN Packet Which Triggered Last Call
Description This eld displays the WAN port number (1). For each channel the screen displays: The remote node the channel is currently connected to, or the status of the channel (Idle, Calling, or Answering). The current connecting speed. The number of packets transmitted on this channel since reset or manual clear. The number of packets received on this channel since reset or manual clear. The number of error packets on this channel since reset or manual clear. The time that this channel has been connected to the current remote node. The total outgoing call time for all WAN ports since the system has been powered on. For the LAN port, the screen displays: The current status of the LAN port. The number of packets transmitted to the LAN. The number of packets received from the LAN. The number of collisions. This eld displays the name of your router, which you congured in Menu 1 - General Setup. The version of the current router software. The Ethernet MAC address assigned to your router. This eld displays the rst 48 octets of the LAN packet that triggered the last outgoing call. Two types of packets are displayed: IP and RAW. By viewing the packet information, you can determine which station has sent a packet to cause the router to make an outgoing call.
Figure 9-1 illustrates two packet examples shown on Menu 24.1. The rst is an ICMP Ping packet (Type: IP) triggering the call, and the second is a SAP broadcast packet (Type: RAW). With this information, you can determine the source IP address (C87 22) of the packet or the source MAC address (04 B9) of the packet.
LAN Packet Which Triggered Last call: (Type: IP) 00 3C C62 2B A9 D0 C0A 0B
LAN Packet Which Triggered Last Call: (Type: Raw) FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF 04 BA5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5

Figure 9-1.

Packet Examples

Terminal Baud Rate

You can change the baud rate of the serial Manager connection through Menu 24.2, Terminal Baud Rate. The router supports 9600 (default), 19200, 38400, and 115200 bits per second (bps) for the RS-232 connection. To change the rate, toggle the selection using the space bar. When the desired rate is shown, press [Enter]. You are given the opportunity to change the baud rate of your terminal before continuing.

Log and Trace

Log and trace tools allow the user to view the error logs and trace records in order to troubleshoot any errors that may occur. The router can also generate system logs (syslogs) to send to other machines. Enter 24 to display Menu 24 - System Maintenance. Enter 3 to select the Log and Trace option and to display Menu 24.3 - System Maintenance - Log and Trace.
Table 9-3 lists the elds and commands for Menu 24.3 - System Maintenance - Log and Trace.

Table 9-3.

Command Enter 1 Enter 2
System Maintenance - Log and Trace Menu Fields
Field View Error Log Syslog and Accounting

View Error Log

Select the rst option from Menu 24.3 - System Maintenance - Log and Trace to display the Error Log in the system. Use the space bar to scroll this screen if necessary. After each display, you are prompted with an option to clear the Error Log. Enter the appropriate choice and press [Enter].

Syslog and Accounting

Syslog and Accounting can be congured in Menu 24.3.2 - System Maintenance - Syslog and Accounting. Menu 24.3.2 congures the router to send UNIX system logs to another machine.
You must congure the parameters to activate syslog (Table 9-4).

Table 9-4.

Field Active Syslog IP Address
System Maintenance - Syslog and Accounting Menu Fields
Command Press the space bar to toggle between yes and no. Description The syslog option is turned on or off.
Enter the address in dotted-decimal This eld is the IP address location to notation such as a.b.c.d where a, b, c, send your syslog. and d are numbers between 0 and 255. Press the space bar to toggle between on and off. Seven different local options can be selected. This feature is used for UNIX applications.

Log Facility

The router sends three different types of syslog messages: Call information messages (CDR) Error information messages Session information messages
Examples of these messages are as follows: Call Information Messages:
line 1 channel 1, call 41, C01, Incoming Call, 40001 line 1 channel 1, call 41, C01, Incoming Call, Call Terminated
Error Information Messages:
line 1, channel 1, call 44, E01, CLID call refuse line 1, channel 1, call 45, E02, IP address mismatch
Session Information Messages:

line 1, channel 1, call 41, I01, IPCP up, 306L line 1, channel 1, call 41, I01, IPCP down, 306L

Diagnostic Menu

The diagnostic menu allows you to test several functions of your router. From the Main Menu, enter 24 to display Menu 24 - System Maintenance. Enter 4 to display Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic. The diagnostic tools described in this section allow the user to perform the following functions: Test the ISP connection Communicate directly with the MODEM port Test the TCP/IP conguration Reboot the system Change the interface mode to command-line mode
The diagnostic test options from Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostics are listed in Table 9-5.

Table 9-5.

Field MODEM Drop MODEM Reset MODEM Manual Call 1 [Enter] 2 [Enter] 3 [Enter] This command hangs up the current MODEM call. This command will reset the MODEM. This command will cause the router to place a manual call to a Remote Node and log in to the account. A trace will be displayed on the screen showing the progress of the call setup and protocol negotiation. This command will redirect the Manager terminal to the MODEM port so that AT commands may be sent directly to the internal MODEM.
System Maintenance - Diagnostic Menu Fields

Command Description

Redirect to MODEM TCP/IP Internet Setup Test Ping Host

4 [Enter]

11 [Enter]
This command will cause the router to place a manual call to the ISP and log in to the account. A trace will be displayed on the screen showing the progress of the call setup and protocol negotiation. This test pings the host, which determines the functionality of the TCP/IP protocol on your system.

12 [Enter]

Reference Guide for the Model RM356 Modem Router Table 9-5.
Field System Reboot System [Enter 21] This option reboots the system, implementing any changes that may have been recently added to your system. This option allows the user to enter the command mode. This mode allows you to diagnose and test your router using a specied set of commands.
System Maintenance - Diagnostic Menu Fields (continued)

Command Mode [Enter 22]

Call Testing and TCP/IP Tools
Two test selectionsManual Call and Internet Setup Testare available for testing call placement and session connection with remote hosts. Both tests cause a call to be placed to a remote node and display the progress of the connection. Manual Call (command 5) prompts the user to specify the desired remote node by its prole number in Menu 11. Internet Setup Test (command 11) automatically calls the remote node that has been specied as an ISP. Enter 11 to select the Internet Setup Test, or enter 5 to select another remote node. This test checks to see if your Internet access or remote node conguration has been done correctly. The router dials the node, performs authentication, and establishes a connection. If everything is working properly, you receive an appropriate response. If you receive an error message, note the error message and consult your network administrator. Figure 9-2 illustrates an example of a trace display for a successful call when using a TCP/IP protocol connection.

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ReQuest Network Guide #2

CD Lookup through Phone Line using the NETGEAR Modem Router
Author: Marc Salluzzo Marc@request.com 1-800-236-2812 Version 1.3 Last Modified 2/21/2003
Q U E S T I O N S ? Phone 1.800.236.2812
Email support@request.com

WWW.REQUEST.COM

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Table of Contents: Page 3: Introduction Page 3: Equipment Page 3: Setting up the Router Page 6: Setting up the AudioReQuest Page 6: General Guidelines for use Page 7: Appendix A: Troubleshooting

Rear IR Jack pinout:

Ring Tip Sleeve NOTE: -> Ground -> Signal -> +12V DO NOT PLUG IN MONO JACK INTO REAR IR PORT

Serial Port Settings:

9600 Baud, 8 bits, No Parity, 1 Stop Bit. No Flow Control ARQ 1 MiniJack Connector Tip -> Pin #2 RxD Ring -> Pin #3 TxD GND -> Pin #5 GND ARQ 2 + ZONE Rear Control Serial Port Pin #2 RxD Pin #3 TxD Pin #5 GND
_______________ \. / \. / ----------6 9

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CD Lookup through Phone Line using the NETGEAR RM356 Modem Router

Introduction:

AudioReQuest has built into it an Ethernet port for communicating with the outside world. One of the features of AudioReQuest is the ability to access an online database called FreeDB. Previously AudioReQuest was able to access FreeDB only through the Windows PC Transfer software. Version 1.2.9 of the AudioReQuest firmware has the added functionality of accessing FreeDB directly without the need for any windows software running. As long as the local network is connected to the internet AudioReQuest will retrieve album information whenever a CD is inserted into AudioReQuest. The added functionality of software update 1.2.9 now makes it possible for AudioReQuest to retrieve album information from FreeDB without broadband access to the internet with the help of the NETGEAR RM356 Modem Router. This help guide will step you through how to configure the RM356 to dial out to the customers Internet Service Provider and retrieve the album information without broadband access.

Equipment:

a. Audio Request running firmware version 1.2.9. If you do not have 1.2.9 then do a software update through the windows software or call ReQuest Multimedia (518-237-5423) to request an update CD ROM to be mailed to you. b. NETGEAR RM356 Modem Router. c. Internet Service Provider (not AOL)

Setting up the Router:

1) Connect the RM356 to your PC as indicated in the Installation Guide included with your NETGEAR Modem Router Follow the installation guide for setting up your PC to use the RM356 Modem Router Install the NETGEAR software on your PC from the CD included with the Modem Router (Newer versions of software may be found on NETGEARs homepage at www.netgear.com)
When installation is complete, run the FirstGear software from the shortcut on the desktop. The program will automatically search for a router. If you are properly connected, the following screen will appear: If you do not see this screen, or if you receive errors, check the connections to the router and the PC. You may also need to reboot your computer. 4) Click the Return button. The Find Router screen will disappear and you should see the main setup window (below)

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Click the Advanced button. The configuration window will appear (upper right). Click the tab labeled System
Set the Router Name to whatever you want (it does not matter what it is called)
Click the tab labeled LAN (lower right)
Make note of the Router IP address. This will be used for configuring the ARQ. Router IP address:________
Make sure DHCP is enabled. Set the starting address to 192.168.0.1 and the Number of addresses to 32.

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10) Click the tab labeled ISP 11) Make sure the Active? box is checked 12) In the box labeled Path name, put a name for the ISP connection. 13) Fill in the boxes labeled Login Name and Login Password with the username and password you use to login to your ISP 14) Fill in the boxes for Primary and Secondary Dial Number with two numbers you use to access your ISP. They may be the same or different. 15) Make sure Dynamic is checked under Single IP Address (NAT)? 16) This completes the required settings for the Router to work with your Audio Request. More advanced features can be set, and are described in the NETGEAR documentation or on NETGEARs homepage (www.netgear.com). 17) Click the button at the bottom of the window labeled Send to Router 18) Once the configuration information has been sent to the Router, you may verify that the settings are correct by clicking on the Diagnostics pull-down menu and selecting ISP Test. If the ISP Test fails, check the Dial Numbers and your login settings. If everything is correct, your ISP may need special login scripts to run. Contact your ISP for more information. 19) Once the ISP Test completes successfully, click Return to Main Menu. Then click Exit from the main screen to exit the NETGEAR configuration utility. You have successfully configured your NETGEAR Modem Router.

Setting up the AudioReQuest:
1) Using a standard Ethernet cable, connect your Audio Request to one of the ports on your NETGEAR RM356 Modem Router Press the Menu on your remote control Go to Settings, then Network Configuration Set the IP address of the Audio Request to anything in the range of 192.168.0.2 through 192.168.0.31 Set the Subnet Mask to 255.255.255.0

2) 3) 4)

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Set the Gateway to the same address as the Router IP Address from step 8 in Setting up the Router Move the cursor to OK and press the Enter button Press the Power button on the remote control, wait 10 seconds, then press the hard power button on the Audio Request. Press the hard power button again to restart the Audio Request.
10) Test your settings by inserting a new CD into the Audio Request. This should initiate the Modem Router to dial your ISP (if it is not already connected) and obtain the CD information.
General Guidelines for use with AudioReQuest:
When you first plug in the NETGEAR Modem Router to your home network, it will not be connected to your ISP. The first time you insert a CD that has never been looked up into the Audio Request, the Audio Request will initiate the modem router and it will dial your ISP. Depending on your ISP, this could take up to a minute before it begins receiving data from the online CD database. During this time you will not see anything happening on the Audio Request, and the track titles in the CD menu will still be named Track01, Track02, etc. After a connection is made to your ISP and the information is received, the track titles will fill in appropriately. To minimize the chances of the Audio Request timing out, it is recommended that you set the Routers Idle Timeout to 30 minutes to allow enough time for the Audio Request to encode a full CD and still be connected when the next CD is inserted. To set the Routers Idle Timeout: 1) Follow steps 1-5 of Setting up the Router from above 2) In the Advanced Configuration window, click the Dial-In tab 3) In the text box next to Idle, enter 1800 (the default is 300 seconds, or 5 minutes) 4) Click Send to Router 5) When finished click Return to Main Menu 6) Click Exit from the Main Menu

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Appendix A: Troubleshooting:

1) When I click Return from the Find Router screen, I get an error that the IP address is not in my subnet. Verify that your PC Network settings are correct. If the Subnet Mask of your PC is not the same as the Netmask of the Router, you will get an error. If your PC Network settings are correct, try changing the Netmask of the Router to 255.255.0.0 instead of 255.255.255.0. In this case, also change the Subnet Mask in the Audio ReQuest network configuration to 255.255.0.0 to ensure compatibility 2) After setting up the router on my PC, I run a Diagnostics ISP Test, it fails Make sure that the Network settings on your PC match the settings on the Router. The IP address can be anything from 192.169.0.2 through 192.169.0.31. The subnet mask must be exactly the same. If you have a specific IP address you assign to your PC to access your network, make sure to write all of the information down so you can fill it in again when you are done setting up the router. 3) When I insert a CD into the Audio Request for the first time, it never retrieves the CD information. First, verify that the modem has connected to your ISP. When the Audio Request initialized the Router, you can hear the Router dial the number of your ISP. If you do not hear this or are not near the Router, pick up a telephone that is on the same line as the one used by the router. If you hear a dial tone, the Router has not called your ISP. This may be because you did not set either the Network Configuration of the Audio Request correctly or the Router itself. Review the above steps for setting up the Router and setting up your Audio Request. If you are sure that the Router has contacted your ISP successfully and is connected, try putting a new CD into the Audio Request. If the CD information appears correctly, then you have setup the Router and your Audio Request successfully. It is possible that the router failed to connect on the first try. The Audio Request CD Lookup will timeout after approximately 90 seconds. If it takes longer than 90 seconds for the Router to connect, the CD Lookup will fail. However, once you insert a new CD into the Audio Request and the information is received, it will also look up the information for the CDs that failed in the past. If you are sure that the Router has connected successfully to your ISP but you are unable to receive any CD information, contact Request Multimedia for further assistance.