Selecting Measurement System, Meters or Feet

Installing Batteries

CAUTION TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO THE SB-26 SPEEDLIGHT
DO NOT MIX OR USE THE SB-26 WITH OTHER MANUFACTURERS CAMERAS, FLASH UNITS, OR ACCESSORIES (INCLUDING EXTERNAL POWER SOURCES): Nikon is not responsible for malfunctions or other problems resulting from use of this product with any equipment other than Nikon brand products. PROPER CARE AND STORAGE OF THE SB-26 SPEEDLIGHT SEE PAGES 140 AND 141, Tips on Speedlight Care. BATTERIES: CARE AND CAUTION SEE PAGE 142, About Batteries. ABNORMAL LC (LIQUID CRYSTAL) DISPLAY AND MALFUNCTIONING In certain cases, due to normal characteristics of the built-in microcomputer, the speedlight may not operate or an abnormal display may appear, even with fresh, properly installed batteries. If this occurs, turn off flash and remove the batteries, then reinstall batteries and turn the power on. This should properly reset the computer.
Slide the battery chamber cover in the direction and lift to open.
Slide the meter/feet lever (small switch in the mouth of the chamber) to select desired indication (m or ft.); this will appear in the LCD panel while the speedlight is in use. The lever is preset to meters (m) when shipped from the factory.
Load four 1.5V AA-type penlight alkaline-manganese or 1.2V NiCd batteries into the battery chamber. Be sure to follow the [ indication inside the chamber to ensure the batteries are properly loaded.
Using an external power source For an external power source, use optional Nikon DC Unit SD-7 or SD-8 or Power Blacket Unit SK-6. For battery information, see page 142. 21

Page 22

Chapter 2 Getting Started
Attaching Flash Unit to Camera Accessory Shoe

Checking Battery Power

Close the battery chamber lid, then slide cover to close.
Turn the SB-26s mounting foot locking wheel to the loosened position as far as it goes, without forcing.
Slide the mounting foot forward onto the cameras accessory shoe as far as it goes.
Tighten the locking wheel, taking care not to over-tighten.
Set power switch to STBY (standby position) or ON to turn on the speedlight. If batteries are properly installed/ power is sufficient, ready-light will come on, and LCD indications will appear.

LCD figures and symbols for meters (m) and feet (ft) do not appear simultaneously, as shown above. They are shown together throughout this manual for ease of explanation.
For Nikon F3 Series users The SB-26 can only be mounted on an F3 Series camera that uses a DE-2 or DE-3 finder. Be sure to attach Flash Unit Coupler AS-4 or AS-7 to the cameras accessory shoe before mounting the SB-26 on the camera. 22
Precaution for Nikon F5, F90X/N90s, F90Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 users As the locking wheel is tightened, the SB-26 is firmly attached to the accessory shoe with the mount pin. Be extra careful that the locking wheel is completely loosened before removing the flash unit from the camera or it may cause damage to both units.
Replace batteries with a fresh set: With alkaline-manganese batteries replace if readylight takes more than 30 sec. to light up. With NiCd batteries remove if ready-light takes more than 10 sec. to light up. 23

Page 24

Adjustment Functions Using LCD Panel and Built-in Functions
Tilting/rotating flash head, built-in zoom head, LCD panel and control buttons for aperture/distance computation. The SB-26 features many convenient functions. Proper use will help you perform successful flash photography in every situation. Before practice, you should understand the adjustments and reasons behind them. Once you have learned them, you can make the most of the SB-26 for all kinds of flash techniques. Operation can be controlled manually or automatically, depending on which Nikon SLR model is used. Manual operation is described for each feature, then automatic adjustment features are described within the boxed sections (with a mark). Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA.
Adjusting Flash Head To Horizontal/Front Position
In normal shooting situations, the flash head should face straight forward, tilted in the horizontal position. A tilted/rotated head can be used for special techniques such as close-ups or bounce flash photography.
Tilting/Rotating flash head to a position other than horizontal and straight forward Downward-tilted flash head (-7 position) is used for taking pictures of subjects at a distance of less than 1.5m (approx. 5 ft.). When the head is set at this position, the distance indicator bars / blink. An upward-tilted and/or rotated flash head is used for bounce flash photography. When the head is set this way, the distance indicator bars / do not appear, to show the distance indication function is not available. See Diffusing Light To Soften Harsh Shadows, pages 119 to 123, for information on bounce flash photography. 24

Tilt the flash head to the horizontal, until it click-stops.
The flash head locks both at the horizontal, facing straightforward (0 degree), and at the vertical, facing straight-up (90 degrees). To release from the locked position, slide the lock release lever in the direction, then, while holding the lever, tilt the flash head. Adjust the flash head so it faces straight forward check that it is not rotated to the right or left. To unlock from the forward position, slide the lock release lever in direction, then, while holding the lever, rotate flash head to either the right or left.
Confirm indicator bars / appear in the flash shooting distance scale (LCD panel). Bars do not appear or will blink if the flash head is not set horizontal and straight ahead. If indicator bars do not appear in the LCD panel at all, check whether the camera is turned on. If it is, lightly press the shutter release button. If not, turn on the camera, then lightly press the shutter release button. Indicator bars appear for eight seconds once activated (they disappear after eight seconds). Lightly pressing the shutter release button causes the bars to reappear.

Page 26

Chapter 2 Adjustment Functions
Using LCD Panel For Shooting-Distance Computation
Note: All LCD (liquid crystal display) figures and marks do not appear simultaneously, as shown below. They are shown together for ease of explanation.
Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment)
Flash mode selector u for Non-TTL Auto Flash exposure control i for Manual Flash exposure control G for repeating flash p for TTL Auto Flash exposure control Exposure compensation indicator Underexposure indicator
Flash sync mode selector LCD panel
Flash mode indicator Wireless Slave Flash indicator Film speed/Repeating flash indicator Flash shooting distance scale Zoom-head position indicator
Confirming flash shooting distance is an indispensable step for successful flash photography. The SB-26 can be used to compute the appropriate distance range. An appropriate flash shooting distance is determined using the following variables: ISO FILM SPEED IN USE APERTURE VALUE ZOOM-HEAD POSITION Indicator bars / will appear to show a proper shooting distance range only after all those variables have been set in the LCD panel.
Exposure compensation/ underexposure value Red-eye reduction control indicator Light amount indicator
Automatic ISO film speed adjustment: F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/ N8008s No manual adjustment is required with these camera models, because ISO speed of film in use is automatically set and indicated in the SB-26s LCD panel. When a film is not installed in the camera, ISO 100 is indicated. If no indication shows in the LCD panel, lightly press the cameras shutter release button.

Lens in Use 1) Cameras Metering System Cameras Exposure Mode Programmed auto (P) D-Type Shutter-priority auto (S) AF Nikkor Aperture-priority auto (A) Lenses Manual (M) Programmed auto (P) AF Nikkor Shutter-priority auto (S) lenses 2) AI-P lens- Aperture-priority auto (A) es Manual (M) Other lenses 3) Aperture-Priority auto (A) 3) Manual (M) 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash 3D Color Matrix CenterWeighted Spot
For F4-Series, F-801/N8008, and F-801s/N8000s Users For F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Users For F50-Series/N50 and F-401x/N5005 Users For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V users 77 80
Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash

Standard TTL Flash

Center-Weighted Fill-Flash 4)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except D-Type and AF Nikkor lenses for F3AF. 3) Exposure mode (P or S) automatically shifts to aperture-priority auto (A), and the mode indication blinks in the cameras LCD panel; set desired aperture manually. 4) 3D Color Matrix Metering system automatically shifts to Center-Weighted, as shown by the indication in the viewfinder
For F3-Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 users No information is provided for these models in this section, because they do not function in TTL Auto Flash mode. 32

Page 34

Chapter 3 TTL Auto Flash H Mode: For F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 Users
Flash Methods: F90X/N90s or F90-Series/N90 Settings and Lenses
Lens in Use 1) Cameras Metering System Cameras Exposure Mode Programmed auto (P, Ps) 4) D-Type Shutter-priority auto (S) AF Nikkor Aperture-priority auto (A) Lenses Manual (M) Programmed auto (P, Ps) 4) AF Nikkor Shutter-priority auto (S) lenses 2) AI-P lens- Aperture-priority auto (A) es Manual (M) Other lenses 3) Aperture-Priority auto (A) 5) Manual (M) 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash Matrix CenterWeighted Spot
Flash Methods: F70-Series/N70 Settings and Lenses
Lens in Use 1) Cameras Metering System Cameras Exposure Mode Programmed auto (P, Ps) D-Type Shutter-priority auto (S) AF Nikkor Aperture-priority auto (A) Lenses Manual (M) Programmed auto (P, Ps) AF Nikkor Shutter-priority auto (S) lenses 2) AI-P lens- Aperture-priority auto (A) es Manual (M) Other lenses 3) Aperture-Priority auto (A) 4) Manual (M) Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash Matrix CenterWeighted Spot

1/300 TTL High-Speed Sync (with F5 only) With the cameras Custom Setting, you can select 1/300 TTL High-Speed Sync for Shutter-Priority Auto or Manual exposure mode. (For details see cameras instruction manual.) Tables below show guide number at ISO 100 and adjustment factor for other ISO film speed in 1/300 TTL High-Speed Sync. To calculate a proper aperture using guide number, please see page 118.
Guide number in 1/300 TTL High-Speed Sync
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash

Spot FillFlash

(at ISO 100 for meters/feet)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except D-Type and AF Nikkor lenses for F3AF. 3) You can not use the Ps mode as the shutter locks. 4) Only 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced or Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash can be performed; Standard TTL Flash is not available and the button cannot be used. 5) Exposure mode (P or S) automatically shifts to aperture-priority auto (A), and the mode indication blinks in the cameras LCD panel; set desired aperture manually.
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except D-Type and AF Nikkor lenses for F3AF. 3) You can not use the Ps mode as the shutter locks. 4) Exposure mode (P or S) automatically shifts to aperture-priority auto (A), and the mode indication blinks in the cameras LCD panel; set desired aperture manually.
Zoom-head position 18mm 20mm 24mm 28mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 85mm 8/26 8/26 11/36 12/39 14/46 16/52 18/59 19/62 Adjustment factor for other ISO film speeds ISO film speed 1600 Factor x 0.5 x 0.7 x 1 x 1.4 x 2 x 2.8 x 4

Page 36

Set Up and Practice
Some operations can be controlled automatically when the camera is used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU. In other cases, operate manually. The following instructions describe a situation where you are using either a D-type Nikkor to operate 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash, or an AF Nikkor (except for F3AF) or AIP lens to operate Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash. With other lenses, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash will be performed. Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). E USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE.

* Camera automatically shifts to the fastest synchronization speed if you choose a speed that is not within the synchronization range.
Selecting an exposure-metering system on the F5, F90X/ N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 camera For 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced or Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash, choose a meter to measure background exposure that most effectively meets the photo requirements you with to achieve. (With F5, Standard TTL Flash will always performs when Spot Metering is selected.) Quick reference on the relationship between usable apertures and flash shooting distance Use the table on page 146 in this instruction manual.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Use AE-L (Auto Exposure Lock) on the camera to capture exact exposure information for your picture composition (except when in manual exposure mode). Confirm controlled aperture and shutter speed. These also appear in the cameras LCD panel. The aperture in use (shown in the viewfinder) and shooting distance indicator bars / appear in the SB-26s LCD panel.
If Wide-Area focus is set on the camera, it automatically switches over to Spot Area focus when the SB-26 is turned on. In this case, blinks in the LCD panel, and appears inside the viewfinder.
Over-/Underexposure warning (background exposure) For overexposure alert, HI or a + (positive) value appears in the cameras viewfinder and LCD panel. For underexposure, electronic analog displays (in viewfinder and LCD panel) show Lo or a (negative) value. 39

Page 40

Firing Flash
Confirm shooting distance.
Check whether subject falls within the range shown by the shooting distance indicator bars / in the SB-26s LCD panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wide aperture (in aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode). Then, repeat steps 9 and 10.
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Confirm ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26. Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus indicator ! in the cameras viewfinder.
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash. Recheck ready-light and to see if it is blinking. Underexposure indication When subject may have been underexposed, : mark and amount of underexposure (for example, -2.0) appear in the SB-26s LCD panel after firing. To compensate underexposure in the above example, you might consider using an aperture at least 2 f/stops wider, or move closer to subject. button to resume indication The underexposure indication lasts only three seconds Use the button to recall the indication last shown in the LCD panel.
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been insufficient. Then, reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.

Set the controlled aperture (from step 9)*, then read shooting distance range on the SB-26s LCD panel. For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. Once aperture is set, indicator bars / show the shooting distance range for that setting.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from the indicator bars (step 11); setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-26 does not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations a shot will be taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Check whether subject falls within range of the shooting distance indicator bars / in the SB-26s LCD panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wide aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then repeat steps 10 and 11.

Page 56

F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 warning indications Exposure mode/LCD panel/Viewfinder Cause Troubleshooting

FEE blinks.

Lens not set at smallest aperture. Set lens to the smallest aperture. Shutter locks.

Programmed auto

+ value appears in electronic analog display (F-601/N6006). HI appears in shutter speed position (F-601M/N6000).
Background may be overexposed.
Use a lower ISO film, or add a neutral density filter or circular polarizer.
Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash. Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
value appears in electronic analog display (F-601/N6006).
Background may be underexposed.
If necessary, switch to slow sync to obtain shower shutter speed or switch to shutterpriority auto exposure mode to select slower shutter speed.
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been insufficient. Next, reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer to the subject or select a wider aperture (in aperturepriority auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.

Shutter-priority auto

Lens maximum aperture appears with electronic analog display.
If necessary, select slower shutter speed.
+ value appears in electronic analog display. HI appears in shutter speed position (F-601M/N6000).

Film speed and corresponding controlled aperture ISO film speed Controlled aperture 25 f/2.f/f/5.f/f/f/f/16+1/3 f/stop
Set aperture in the SB-26s LCD panel*.
For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. In programmed auto exposure mode, aperture is automatically controlled by the camera. Choose a value, using Shutter speed/aperture settings in Programmed TTL Auto Flash in the following page. In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you have set on the camera (from step 6). Once aperture is set, indicator bars / show the shooting distance range.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from the indicator bars (step 8); setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-26 does not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations a shot will be taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Check whether subject falls within the range of the shooting distance indicator bars / in the SB-26s LCD panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then repeat steps 7 and 8.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Check that ready-light is on in camera viewfinder g or on the SB-26. Check whether subject is in focus.

Page 70

TTL Auto Flash H Mode: For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users
The SB-26 can be used in the same manner as the cameras built-in TTL flash, but offers more powerful light output and a greater shooting distance range. The SB-26s p setting takes full advantage of the F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s multi-sensor metering system for flash photography. Is the scene bright or dark, and which is brighter the subject or background? The algorithm in the metering system checks the amount of light based on these questions, and the camera asks through the viewfinder whether you choose to use the flash or not. In any case, if you decide to use the flash, the camera automatically sets the most appropriate flash method for your shooting situation: Programmed TTL Auto Flash or Standard TTL Flash. Use the chart in the next page to confirm available flash/exposure mode combinations. Programmed TTL Auto Flash When light is low and the flash is needed, the camera asks you to confirm whether you wish to use the flash. If you decide to use it in programmed auto or shutter-priority exposure mode, the right aperture and shutter speed are automatically selected by the camera. Flash output is controlled by the Speedlight to correctly expose the subject. Standard TTL Flash When using aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, you will be asked to confirm flash use, the same as above. Flash output is controlled by the Speedlight for a correctly exposed subject. Shutter-speed and/or aperture setting(s) can be selected by the user.

For outdoor subjects on a sunny day For subjects beside a bright window For indoor subjects
Quick reference on the relationship between usable apertures and flash shooting distance Use table on page 146 in this instruction manual. 74

Page 76

TTL Auto Flash H Mode: For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
FA, FE2, FG or Nikonos V users can use the SB-26 Speedlight to perform Standard TTL Flash, for fully automatic though-the-lens (TTL) control of flash exposure. Standard TTL Flash can be performed by setting the SB-26 at p. In Standard TTL Flash, the flash output level is controlled by the Speedlight to correctly expose subject.

3 ISO speed

Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO 400.

7 Aperture

of film in use
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Confirm ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26. Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus indicator ! in the cameras viewfinder
Fully depress the shutter release button to fire flash. Recheck ready-light to see if it is blinking.
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been insufficient. Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer to the subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority auto manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.
Caution Use the SB-26 exclusively for on-land conditions; it cannot be used in underwater conditions. Always keep the unit away from salt water, rain or water splashes. 77

Page 78

Chapter 3 TTL Auto Flash H Mode: For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
Setting Up Your Camera Confirm Settings
Set desired shutter speed*.
Set your chosen aperture.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds are from ISO 25 to ISO 400 For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set position of the built-in zoom head.

Set aperture in use.

For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. Shooting indicator bars / in the LCD panel move as the figure input changes. Determine approximate flash-shooting distance range by reading indicator bars.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Check if ready-light is on in cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26.
Quick reference on relationship between usable apertures and flash shooting distance Use table on page 146 in this instruction manual. 78 79

Press button to choose desired light output.
You can choose an amount ranging from full power (1/1) to one sixty-fourth (1/64). LCD indications change as: - h ' - " - j - k - l - ;-. With the F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70Series/N70, indication 1, and then 2 will appear after ;. At the same time, F appears next to D. This applies exclusively to FP High-Speed Sync Flash and is discussed in the following pages (see pages 98 to 103).
Fine light-output adjustment: F5, F90X/N90s, F90Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 with AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU Additionally, you can manipulate light output in finer increments of 1/3, as long as light output is set between ' and ;. Press button and confirm L appears in the SB-26s LCD panel. By pressing button, you can increase the light amount by +1/3 (blinking +0.3 below the L mark), by +2/3 (blinking +0.7), or by +1 (blinking 0.0). To decrease, use in the same manner; blinking numbers change from _0.3 (by -1/3) to _0.7 (by -2/3) to 0.0 (by -1). *At ', you cannot increase the light amount.

Page 88

For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture on the camera. For manual exposure mode, set desired aperture and shutter speed* on the camera.
Automatic aperture adjustment: F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU The aperture in use and an indicator bar / are automatically indicated in the SB-26s LCD panel. With other lenses, you must operate manually and follow steps 6, 7 and 8. To skip steps 6, 7 and 8, check that subject is standing at the location suggested by the LCDs measurement scale. If not, change aperture by turning the lens aperture ring to adjust the bar.
If necessary, press or button to reset the indicator bar / so it points to the measurement scale that matches or nearly equals the actual flash-to-subject distance (can be read from lens barrel). Manipulating indication bar causes the aperture value in the LCD panel to change.
Set the same aperture value in the SB-26s LCD panel.
On the camera, reset the aperture value obtained in the previous step (the aperture that corresponds to the actual flash-to-subject distance). You have now completed all necessary adjustments for locating the subject within an appropriate shooting distance range for the predetermined light output and aperture. Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button to confirm that subject is in focus. Check that ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26. Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.

In certain situations, the zoom head may lock at the 20mm or 18mm position (adapter does not return to original position). If this happens, perform following operation. Although the adjusted zoom-head position and/or m indication will blink if the wide flash adapter is stored in its original place, this does not affect normal flash operation.
APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F5 E F-601M/N6000 E FE2 F90X/N90s E F50-Series/N50 E FG F90-Series/N90 E F-401x/N5005 E Nikonos V F70-Series/N70 E F-501/N2020 E F3-Series F4-Series E F-301/N2000 E F2-Series F-801/N8008 E F-401/N4004 E FM2 F-801s/N8008s E F-401s/N4004s E FG-20 F-601/N6006 E FA E 112 E E E E E E E
Press and buttons simultaneously for a few seconds until m indication starts blinking.
Next, press button only to set desired zoom-head position. This position remains locked as long as the m indication continues blinking.
Press and buttons simultaneously for a few seconds until the previously set number and the m indication start blinking.
Press only button to set your desired zoom-head position. To resume automatic adjustment with certain camera/lens combinations (see page 30), press button until the m indication above z disappears.
To unlock, press the same buttons simultaneously for a few seconds until the m indication stops blinking or totally disappears. Automatic zoom-head position adjustment: F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU The SB-26 automatically adjusts the zoom-head position to provide an angle of coverage that matches the focal length of the lens in use. For details, see page 30.

Page 114

AF Assist LED Autofocus Flash Photography in Dim Light
The SB-26s AF assist LED enables you to perform autofocus flash photography in dim light or even total darkness with some Nikon AF cameras. When ambient light is insufficient for autofocus operation, the AF illuminator automatically turns on to start operation and give contrast to a dark subject, allowing the cameras autofocus system to function as though it were daytime. If ambient light is sufficient, the AF illuminator does not light up. Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) E USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE E FOR F5, SELECT CENTER FOCUS AREA Hints and Notes In Rear-Curtain Sync Flash with the F-601/N6006, a light pattern from the AF assist LED sometimes affects the picture. To prevent this, confirm that the LED light pattern has disappeared before shooting.

Set the flash mode selector of the master flash unit to TTL auto, non-TTL auto or manual, as you like. Do not set FP High-Speed sync when the SB-26 or SB-25 is used as a master flash unit. Set the flash mode selector of SB-26 used as a slave flash unit to non-TTL auto or manual. TTL auto flash is not suitable. Set the camera's exposure mode to Aperture-Priority Auto or Manual exposure mode and set the desired aperture on the lens. Locate the master flash unit within the flash shooting distance range (for TTL auto or non-TTL auto flash mode) or at the flash shooting distance (for manual flash mode). If camera/Speedlight combination does not offer automatic aperture adjust ment on the Speedlight, you must first set the aperture value (same as set on the lens) on the Speedlight.

Page 130

Multiple Flash Photography Using Cords
Controlling lighting ratio When the master flash unit is set at TTL auto or non-TTL auto flash mode, you can vary the light output amount of the master flash unit by changing lens aperture (and aperture value set on the master flash unit). To vary the light output amount of the slave flash unit when it is set at non-TTL auto flash mode, change the aperture value set on the slave flash unit. Set one-step smaller value to reduce amount of light output to 1/2; set one-step larger value to double the amount of light output. When the flash unit is set at manual flash mode, vary light output amount as desired. (Manual light output adjsutment is possible with the SB-26, SB-25 and SB-24.) For 1:1 lighting ratio For your convenience, the following shows how to set and locate the master and slave flash units for 1:1 lighting ratio. With a slave flash unit set at non-TTL auto flash mode: For 1:1 lighting ratio, read the aperture value on the master flash unit (same as the aperture set on the lens), set it on the slave flash units LCD panel then locate the slave flash unit within the flash shooting distance range indicated on the LCD panel. With a slave flash unit set at manual flash mode: Set any light output amount on the slave flash unit. For 1:1 lighting ratio, read the aperture value on the master flash unit (same as the aperture set on the lens), set it on the slave flash units LCD panel then locate the slave flash unit at the flash shooting distance indicated on the LCD panel. Test firing Test firing is recommended. Making sure the Wireless Slave Flash selector of the slave flash unit set at "D" or"S", press the open-flash button on the master flash unit for test firing. If the slave flash unit does not fire, adjust the direction of the slave unit's Wireless Slave Flash sensor. Or use a reflector so that the slave unit's Wireless Slave Flash sensor catches the light from the master unit. Depending on which terminals are used to connect flash units, TTL multiple flash photography or manual multiple flash photography will be performed. In TTL multiple flash photography, the camera controls flash exposure of all flash units connected (pages 134 to 135); in manual multiple flash photography, each flash unit is set to manual flash mode.

Speedlights for TTL multiple flash photography Master Slave SB-27, SB-26, SB-25, SB-24, SB-23, SB-22, SB-21B, SB-20, SB-18, SB-16B, SB-15, SB-14, SB-11 or SB-140 SB-27, SB-26, SB-25, SB-24, SB-22, SB-21B, SB-20, SB-18, SB-17, SB-16A, SB-16B, SB-15, SB-14, SB-11 and/or SB-140
Bracketing your exposure If possible, take additional shots with different lighting ratios and or flash units' locations.
Precaution for Rear-Curtain Sync Flash Rear-Curtain Sync Flash can be performed in multiple flash photography only with the F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 cameras. Rear-Curtain Sync Flash cannot be performed in multiple flash shooting with F5, F90X/N90s, F90Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/ N8008 and F-801s/N8008s cameras.

Page 132

Photography, especially when using the SB-26 as a master flash unit with other slave flash unit(s). The Sensor system is designed to analyze Monitor Preflash reflection from a single SB-26 (ideally, mounted on the camera) and to control light output from that particular unit, but not from the other slave(s).
Use optional Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-18 (1.5m) and/or SC-19 (3m) to connect flash units via the SB-26s TTL multiple flash terminal. Remove the rubber cover to use. TTL Multiple Flash Photography Use the TTL multiple flash terminal for connecting other Speedlights via optional sync cords. You can use one Speedlight for the master flash unit and up to four other units for slaves. See the chart on pages 134 to 135 to confirm available Speedlights for master and slave use. Note the following when using an F90-Series/N90 camera for TTL Auto Flash operation with multiple Speedlights: a. Use the SB-26 as a slave flash unit whenever possible, or b. When using the SB-26 as master, avoid Monitor Preflashes* by (1) performing Standard TTL Flash, (2) upward tilting or rotating the flash head (the distance indicator bars / disappear), or (3) using a lens other than AF Nikkor (including D-type) or AI-P lenses to perform Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash.
* Because 3D Multi-Sensor and Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash take advantage of the SB-26s Monitor Preflash and the cameras TTL Multi-Sensor, it is difficult to manage such fill-flash operations for TTL Multiple Flash
Use optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24* for use with the SB-27, SB-23, SB-22, SB-21B, SB-20 and/or SB-15 as a master flash unit.

Repeating Flash

When used with any Nikon SLR, the SB-25 is capable of strobo-effect multiple flash exposure at up to 160 flash per frame; it also allows control of the amount of flash light output. Operation becomes simple once you learn how to match the number and speed of flash to your desired shutter speed. For details, see Repeating Flash Mode For Multiple Exposure, pages 90 to 95.
SB-25 Feature Comparison: Flash Operations Available with Your Camera
F9 0S F4 er -S ies F- erie /Ns F- /N F- s/ N1 F- /N 60 s F- M/ N6 1x 00 F50 /NF- /N 20 1/ 20 F- N F- /N 40 1s 04 FA / N FE s 2 FG pa ge s
Repeating flash mode offers strobo effect, multiple exposure on a single frame. 16
TTL Auto Flash 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash Center-Weighted Fill-Flash Spot Fill-Flash Programmed TTL Auto Flash Standard TTL Flash Non-TTL Auto Flash Manual Flash Repeating Flash (strobo effect) FP High-Speed Sync Flash Red-Eye Reduction Control Rear-Curtain Sync Flash Flash Exposure Compensation Open Flash Button (test firing) Built-in Wide Flash Adapter Zoom-Lock Capability AF Assist LED Standby Position (power switch) Bounce Flash (built-in diffuser card) Close-up Photography (TTL Auto Flash) Multiple Flash Photography
1) 1) 2) 2) 2) 3) 3) 4) 1) 2) 2) 2) 3) 3) 4) 1) 2) 3) 1) 2) 2) 2) 3) 3) 5) 5) 6) 6) 5) 5) 6) 6) 7) 7) 7) 7)
For details regarding your camera, see pages: 1) 33 to 39. 2) 40 to 47. 3) 48 to 56. 4) 57 to 63. 5) 64 to 69. 6) 70 to 75. 7) 76 to 79.

126 132

N ik o F3 nos -S V F2 erie -S s FM erie 2 s FG -2 0

Page 18

Chapter 2

Before Flash Shooting

Page 20

WARNING TO AVOID INJURY

DO NOT FIRE FLASH NEAR THE EYES: Firing the flash light very close to any persons eyes can injure the retina, thereby weakening eyesight or causing blindness. DO NOT TOUCH THE FLASH HEAD WHEN FIRING THE SB-25: The flash head generates significant heat during normal operation, which may cause burns. Also, when using the flash, keep delicate materials away from the flash head.
Getting Started SB-25 Set-Up
This section introduces preparations for using the SB-25, such as installing batteries, attaching flash unit to your camera, and finally, turning the unit on. Follow these steps in order, especially when using for the first time. This section should serve as a practical guide for later reference.

Also, refer to page 139 on Angle of coverage, an angle which flash light can cover in a zoom-head position.

Page 30

Chapter 3
Automatic zoom-head position adjustment: F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU No manual adjustment is required with these camera/ lens combinations, because the SB-25 automatically adjusts the zoom-head position to provide an angle of coverage that matches the focal length of the lens in use. With an AF Nikkor lens of fixed focal length (including the latest D-Type), the zoom head automatically adjusts to the closest available wider focal length setting. With a zoom lens, the zoom head automatically adjusts within the limits of the available coverage (from 24mm to 85mm). You must set zoom-head position manually when using your camera with other lenses or to select a specifically desired position. For manual adjustment (with same camera/lens combinations as above) Press button until your desired zoom-head position appears in the LCD panel, and note the small above the (shown as ). Automatic adjustment will resume when the disappears.
Shooting Practice and Flash Mode

Page 32

TTL Auto Flash Mode Fill-Flash with Automatically Compensated Flash Output
In TTL Auto Flash mode, the SB-25 Speedlight can be used for just about any shooting situation, from bright scenes to dim lights. For precisely controlled exposures in wider brightness ranges or more complex conditions, you can use fill-flash techniques with automatic operation and/or advanced user-controlled options. The SB-25s TTL Auto Flash mode offers even more flash applications and options, such as flash synchronization with slow shutter speeds (slow sync flash), bounce flash and creative close-up photography. Even simple snap shots can be taken with a sophisticated touch. By setting the SB-25 to TTL Auto flash mode, you can enjoy flash photography that is simple, yet the most advanced available. Using this flash mode with your camera The SB-25 works in different ways, depending on which camera it is used with. TTL Auto Flash mode, in particular, offers several noteworthy features that vary from one model to another. Be sure to read Fully Automatic Fill-In Flash, pages 10 through 13, to become familiar with these SB-25 capabilities. Use the following chart to locate pages relevant to your camera model and the flash operation you wish to use. For F3-Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 users No information is provided for these models in this section, because they do not function in TTL Auto Flash mode.

Check the charts on page 48 to determine which flash is available and appropriate before actual shooting. Note that the following instructions describe a situation where you are using either a D-type Nikkor, an AF Nikkor (except for F3AF) or an AI-P lens. With any other lens, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash will be performed. Before proceeding: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE. USE A FILM BETWEEN ISO 25 TO ISO 1000.
Flash Methods with F-601/N6006
Cameras Metering System Lens in Use 1) Cameras Exposure Mode Matrix Programmed auto (PM, P) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M) Aperture-priority auto (A) CenterWeighted
Flash Methods with F-601M/N6000
Cameras Metering System Lens in Use 1) Spot Programmed auto (PM, P) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M) Aperture-priority auto (A) Cameras Exposure Mode Matrix CenterWeighted
AF Nikkor lenses 2) AI-P lenses Other lenses
Center-Weighted Fill- Spot FillFlash Flash 3)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras.
3) Matrix metering system automatically shifts to Center-Weighted, indicated by a blinking mark in the cameras LCD panel. Only Center-Weighted Fill-Flash is available.
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash button To operate any of the fully automatic fill-flash functions (Matrix Balanced, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash), use the cameras MODE/ button so that appears in the cameras LCD panel. To activate Standard TTL Flash, use the same button again so that the in the LCD panel disappears. The SB-25s and buttons cannot be used in either of the above cases for flash method selection. Also, the mark does not appear in the SB-25s LCD panel.

Page 50

Setting Up SB-25 Setting Up Your Camera
Mode: For F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Users
2 Flash sync mode selector at

NORMAL

1 Flash mode selector at TTL Auto
Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm in the LCD panel. Choose tor). position* (flash sync mode selec-

3 ISO speed 10 Aperture

value of film in use
* For SLOW SYNC FLASH or REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH, perform the settings on the camera; setting priorities are determined by the camera and flash sync mode selections on the SB-25 will be ignored.
To perform Matrix Balanced, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash, use the MODE/ button, and confirm the mark in the LCD panel. To perform Standard TTL Flash, use the MODE/ button, and confirm the mark disappears from the LCD panel. Select one of the following exposure modes: a. Programmed auto (either PM or P) b. Shutter-priority auto (S) c. Aperture-priority auto (A) d. Manual exposure mode (M) Select a metering system: a. Matrix metering system to perform Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash. b. Center-Weighted metering system to perform Center-Weighted Fill-Flash. c. With the F-601/N6006, Spot metering system to perform Spot Fill Flash. d. Any metering system can be chosen to perform Standard TTL Flash.

Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds are ISO 25 to ISO 1000. For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set the built-in zoom head position.
For instruction, see Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment), pages 29 to 30.

4 Zoom-head position

Quick reference on the relationship between usable apertures and flash shooting distance Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.

Page 52

Confirming Settings Controlled shutter speed and aperture in programmed/aperture-priority auto Aperture and shutter speed are automatically controlled by the camera as specified in the following tables.
Controlled shutter speeds Lens in use (focal length) 60mm or shorter Longer than 60mm Shutter speed 1/(focal length) to 1/125 sec. 1/60 to 1/125 sec.
Usable maximum apertures in programmed auto
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm aperture and shutter speed. These also appear in the cameras LCD panel.
ISO film speed Controlled aperture*

25 f/4

400 f/8 f/8

800 f/9.5 f/11

1000 f/10 f/11+1/3 f/stop
f/4.8 f/5.6 f/6.7 f/4 f/5.6

f/2.8 f/2.8

* Above figures for F-601/N6006, below for F-601M/N6000.
Set the controlled aperture (from step 9)*, then read shooting distance range on the SB-25s LCD panel. For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range for that setting.
* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from the indicator bars (step 11); setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-25 does not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations a shot will be taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Check whether subject falls within range of the shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25s LCD panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wide aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then repeat steps 10 and 11.

Page 54

F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 warning indications Exposure mode/LCD panel/Viewfinder Cause Troubleshooting

FEE blinks.

Lens not set at smallest aperture. Set lens to the smallest aperture. Shutter locks.

Programmed auto

+ value appears in electronic analog display (F-601/N6006). HI appears in shutter speed position (F-601M/N6000).
Background may be overexposed.
Use a lower ISO film, or add a neutral density filter or circular polarizer.

Setting Up Your Camera

1 Flash mode selector

at TTL Auto

2 Flash sync
Select one of the following exposure modes: a. Programmed auto (P), shutter-priority auto (S) or aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash. b. Manual exposure mode to perform CenterWeighted Fill-Flash. Perform other settings: a. For shutter-priority auto, set desired shutter speed*. b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture. c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter speed* and aperture.
* Since TTL Auto Flash operation can be performed regardless of the flash sync mode selector setting, for simplicity, always leave the switch at this position.

3 ISO speed 8 Aperture

Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable speeds are ISO 25 to ISO 1000. For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set the built-in zoom head position.

Page 60

Confirm Settings
Warning indications Selected Viewfinder exposure LED mode No Programmed indication auto + or + R Shutterpriority auto R R or Status/cause Background is overexposed. OK: Background is correctly exposed Background is underexposed Background is overexposed OK: Background is correctly exposed Background is underexposed Background is overexposed OK: Background is correctly exposed Background is underexposed Troubleshooting Select faster shutter speed until only R appears. Select slower shutter speed until only R appears. Select smaller aperture until only R appears. Select larger aperture until only R appears. Select faster shutter speed or smaller aperture. Select slower shutter speed or larger aperture. 61
Mode: For F-401x/N5005 Users
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm exposure indicator LEDs (+, R, ) in the viewfinder appear, and make adjustments if necessary. Use the following chart to read LEDs.
+ or + R Aperturepriority auto R R or + or + R Manual R R or
Set aperture in the SB-25s LCD panel*, then read the shooting distance range. For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you have set on the camera (from step 6). In programmed auto or shutter-priority auto exposure mode, aperture is automatically controlled by the camera. Choose and set a value, using the Guide to determining aperture in the following page. Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range.

* This operation is important for reading the appropriate shooting distance from the indicator bars (step 9); setting a wrong aperture value on the SB-25 does not affect all TTL Auto Flash operations a shot will be taken with the aperture set on the camera.
Check whether subject falls within the range of the shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25s LCD panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then repeat steps 8 and 9.

Page 62

Firing Flash Guide to determining aperture Use these suggestions as a guide. To choose a suitable aperture, select aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode.
In programmed auto For subjects backlit by the sun For outdoor subjects on a sunny day For outdoor subjects on a cloudy day, in shadows, or for indoor subjects In shutter-priority auto For subjects backlit by the sun For outdoor subjects on a sunny day For outdoor subjects on a cloudy day in shadows For indoor subjects f/16 at 1/125 sec. f/8 at 1/125 sec. f/5.6 at 1/125 sec. f/5.6 at 1/30 sec f/16 f/8 f/5.6
Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Confirm ready-light is on in the camera viewfinder or on the SB-25. Check whether subject is in focus by using the in-focus indicator I in the cameras viewfinder.
Usable maximum apertures in programmed auto or shutter priority auto Choose an aperture that does not exceed the maximum possible aperture for the film in use, as given below. ISO film speed Maximum aperture 25 f/400 f/f/9.f/10
If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after shooting, the flash has fired at its maximum output but the light may have been insufficient. Reconfirm shooting distance and, if necessary, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (in aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode) to compensate underexposure.

f/4.7 f/5.6 f/6.7

Page 64
Chapter 3 TTL Auto Flash Mode: For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
The SB-25 lets you choose between Programmed TTL Auto Flash or Standard TTL Flash in TTL Auto flash mode. Use the charts at right to confirm available flash/exposure mode combinations. Programmed TTL Auto Flash By setting the cameras exposure mode to a programmed auto setting (either P DUAL , P or P HI ), you can choose Programmed TTL Auto Flash. In Programmed TTL Auto Flash, the camera automatically selects a shutter speed of 1/125 sec. and a controlled aperture that corresponds to the ISO speed of the film in use (see chart on page 68). Flash output is regulated by the Speedlight to ensure a correct subject exposure. This enables you to concentrate on picture composition without worrying about exposure settings (including aperture). You can also perform Standard TTL Flash with the camera set at aperture-priority auto (A) or manual exposure mode. In Standard TTL Flash, the Speedlight controls the flash output level to correctly expose the subject. Shutterspeed and/or aperture setting(s) can be selected by the user. TTL Auto flash mode F-301/N2000

Lens in Use

with F-501/N2020 and
SB-25 Flash Programmed TTL Auto Flash
Cameras Exposure Mode Programmed auto (PDUAL, P or PHI) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M)
AI-S type lenses (including AF Nikkor and AI-P) 2)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras. For Programmed TTL Auto Flash, use only AI-S lenses, which include AF Nikkor, Nikkor lenses with a built-in CPU and Series E lenses.
You can choose Programmed TTL Auto Flash against Standard TTL Flash by setting camera to a programmed auto exposure mode (either PDUAL, P or PHI). Check charts on the previous page. Before proceeding: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE. USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO 1000. USE AN AI-S LENS (AF Nikkor, Nikkor lens with built-in CPU or Series E lens).

2 Flash sync mode

selector at NORMAL

3 ISO speed 7 Aperture

To distinguish AI-S lenses from others Look for an orange mark on the minimum aperture scale of the lens.

Page 66

Setting Up Your Camera Confirm Settings
Mode: For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
Select one of the following exposure modes: a. Programmed auto (either PDUAL, P or PHI) to perform Programmed TTL Auto Flash. b. Aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Standard TTL Flash. c. Manual exposure mode to perform Standard TTL Flash. Perform other settings: a. For programmed auto, set lens to minimum aperture (highest f-number). b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture. c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter speed* and aperture.
Set ISO speed of film in use. Usable film speeds are ISO 25 to ISO 1000. For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set the built-in zoom head position.
For instruction, see Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment), pages 29 to 30. Shooting indicator bars in the LCD panel move as the figure input changes.
Set aperture in the SB-25s LCD panel*.
For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. In programmed auto exposure mode, aperture is automatically controlled by the camera. Choose a value, using Shutter speed/aperture settings in Programmed TTL Auto Flash in the following page. In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you have set on the camera (from step 6). Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range.
Check whether subject falls within the range of the shooting distance indicator bars in the SB-25s LCD panel. If not, move closer to subject or select a wider aperture (when aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode), then repeat steps 7 and 8.

with F-401/N4004 and

SB-25 Flash Cameras Exposure Mode Programmed auto (A/S) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras. For Programmed TTL Auto Flash, use only AF Nikkor lenses (including latest D-Type), except AF Nikkor 80mm f/2.8, 200mm f/3.5 IF-ED and Autofocus Converter TC-16/TC-16A.
Programmed TTL Auto Flash
When camera is set at programmed auto (A/S) or shutterpriority auto (S) exposure mode, it automatically switches into Programmed TTL Auto Flash. Before proceeding, be sure to: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. SET LENS TO MINIMUM APERTURE (HIGHEST FNUMBER). USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO 400. USE AN AF NIKKOR LENS (including the latest D-Type Lens, but excluding AF Nikkor 80mm f/2.8, 200mm f/3.5 IF-ED and Autofocus Converters TC-16/TC-16A).
Viewfinder prompt: Use flash or not When the SB-25 is attached to the camera but turned off, the cameras viewfinder ready-light blinks to suggest you use a flash. You can reject or ignore the prompt simply by leaving the SB-25s power off ( continues blinking).

Page 72

Mode: For F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users

Confirming Settings

1 Flash mode
Select one of the following exposure modes: a. Programmed auto (A/S) to perform Programmed TTL Auto Flash. b. Shutter-priority auto (S) to perform Programmed TTL Auto Flash. c. Aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Standard TTL Flash. d. Manual exposure mode to perform Standard TTL Flash. Perform other settings: a. For shutter-priority auto, set desired shutter speed*. b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture. c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter speed* and aperture.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds are ISO 25 to ISO 400. For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set the built-in zoom head position.
For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. In programmed auto and shutter-priority auto exposure mode, set an aperture using the Guide to determine aperture in the following page. In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you have set on the camera (from step 6). Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range for that setting.

Page 74

Firing Flash Guide to determining aperture Use these suggestions as a guide for choosing aperture.
In programmed auto (ISO 100) For subjects backlit by the sun For outdoor subjects on a sunny day For subjects beside a bright window For indoor subject In shutter-priority auto For subjects backlit by the sun f/16 at 1/100 sec. f/8 at 1/100 sec. f/5.6 at 1/100 sec. f/5.6 at 1/30 sec. f/16 f/8 f/5.6 f/5.6
For outdoor subjects on a sunny day For subjects beside a bright window For indoor subjects

The guide number helps you determine an exact flashshooting (flash-to-subject) distance for the selected aperture (f/stop number). FP guide numbers vary with the ISO film speed in use, shutter speed and zoom-head position. Use the equation below for your calculations, and check the following chart for guide numbers. This same equation can be applied to determine an appropriate aperture once the distance is known. [guide number] [flash-shooting distance] = [f/stop] For example, in FP1 operation with an aperture of f/4, a shutter speed of 1/500 sec., a zoom-head position of 35mm and a film speed of ISO 100, the chart recommends a guide number of 12 (or 39 for feet): If measuring in meters; 12 [flash-shooting distance] = 4 = 3 if measuring in feet; 39 [flash-shooting distance] = 4 = 9.75 Next, adjust subject and flash/camera location for 3 meters, or 9.75 feet, to obtain correct exposure in FP1 flash operation.
FP1 guide number (at ISO 100; for meters/feet) Shutter speed 1/250 1/500 1/1000 1/2000 1/4000 24mm 14/46 10/33 7/23 5/16 3.5/11 Zoom-head position 28mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 15/50 17/56 20/65 23/74 11/36 12/39 14/46 16/52 7.5/25 8.5/28 10/33 11/36 5.3/17 6/20 7/23 8/26 3.7/12 4.2/14 5/16 5.6/18 85mm 24/77 17/56 12/39 8.5/28 6/20
FP2 guide number (at ISO 100; for meters/feet) Shutter speed 1/250 1/500 1/1000 1/2000 1/4000 Zoom-head position 24mm 28mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 10/33 11/36 12/39 14/46 16/52 7/23 7.5/25 8.5/28 10/33 11/36 5/16 5.3/17 6/20 7/23 8/26 3.5/11 3.7/12 4.2/14 5/16 5.6/18 2.5/8.2 2.6/8.5 3/10 3.5/11 4/13 85mm 17/56 12/39 8.5/28 6/20 4.2/14
Using a film speed other than ISO 100 For film speeds other than ISO 100, multiply the above figures by the factors shown in the following chart. If the film speed in the previous example had been ISO 400 rather than ISO 100: 12 [flash-shooting distance] = 4 x 2 = 3 x 2 = 6 if measuring in feet; 39 [flash-shooting distance] = 4 x 2 = 9.75 x 2 =19.5 You should have obtained 6 meters, or 19.5 feet, for correct exposure.
Adjustment factors for other ISO film speeds ISO film speed Factor 25 x 0.x 0.xx 1.xx 2.x4

Page 104

Red-Eye Reduction Control For Better Flash Portraits
Light from the cameras flash reflects off the interior of the eye through the wide-open pupil and back into the cameras lens. The result is a portrait with the subjects eyes bright red, a phenomenon known as red-eye effect. When used with the F90-Series/N90 camera, the SB-25 fires three pre-flash consecutively before the main flash to reduce the appearance of red eyes. Red-eye effect can also be affected by the angle at which light flash on the subject and is reflected back to the lens. For further details on red eye, see page 134. Before proceeding: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE. Hints and Notes

Mounting/Removing diffuser card A. To mount the diffuser card, slide out the wide flash adapter; the diffuser card comes out with it. B.Slide the adapter back to its original position. C.To remove, side the diffuser back to its original position.

Page 122

Bounce Flash Photography
Select a ceiling or wall to bounce the flash from. The built-in diffuser card can be effective for creating more natural lighting with a catchlight for the eyes. Tilt the flash head 60 up (first click-stop) or more to avoid uneven illumination. In color photography, only use bounce with white surfaces. Otherwise, color photographs will come out with an unnatural color cast similar to that of the reflecting surface. Choose position (flash mode selector) for TTL Auto Flash operation. Use an aperture a few stops wider than you would use for regular TTL Auto Flash operation. For further instruction, see the TTL Auto Flash Mode section relating to your camera type. Although the flash mode can be used for Non-TTL Auto Flash, perform a test firing. If the ready-light blinks after testing to indicate possible underexposure at the aperture in use, use a wider aperture or reduce the bounce distance. Then, perform test firing again.

Using a Diffuser

To diffuse light, place a translucent material, such as one or more sheets of tracing paper between the flash and the subject. Avoid using delicate materials for the diffuser, and ensure a sufficient distance between the flash head and diffuser to avoid burns. For optimum results, experiment with different flash-to-diffuser distances and with more than one diffuser In TTL Auto Flash operation, the SB-25 will automatically compensate for the diffuser affect (reduced light amount) in TTL Auto Flash mode. For further instructions, see the TTL Auto Flash Mode section relating to your camera type. Note that the LCD panel cannot be used to compute flash shooting distance in bounce photography. To protect the diffuser from burning, be sure it does not come in direct contact with the flash head. Avoid reflection from the translucent material into the lens. Bracketing your exposures If possible, take additional shots with different apertures and/or exposure compensation techniques for exposure bracketing. Bounce/diffuser techniques reduce the maximum distance available for a given aperture due to the extra distance required for the flash light to travel, or amount of diffusion, or blockage. Set the cameras exposure compensation dial in the + or direction (not possible with the F-401x/N5005, F-401/N4004, F-401s/N4004s and FM2) for TTL Auto Flash operation, or with the lens opened up one or two f/stops for Non-TTL Auto Flash operation.

Bounce flash (above; with ceiling): Soft, natural-looking lighting. Direct flash (below): Harsh, un-flattering lighting

Page 124

Close-Up Flash Photography in TTL Auto Flash Mode To Flash On
Optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24 lets you perform TTL Auto Flash shooting on a subject closer than 0.6m (2 ft.). Hints and Notes Connect the SB-25 to the camera, using the SC-17 or SC-24*.
* Used for F4-Series with the DW-20 or DW-21 attached.

A Very Close Subject

For example, to shoot a subject located 0.5 m away with an ISO 100 film and a wide-flash adapter: 4 [f/stop] 0.5 = 8 You can then use an aperture of f/8 or smaller (a larger fnumber). As far as conditions allow, you should choose the smallest aperture (as large an f-number) possible. With a very light- or dark-toned subject, take additional shots with other exposure compensation conditions to ensure a correct exposure. See Flash Exposure Compensation on pages 106 and 107, and Exposure Compensation with Cameras Dial on pages 108 and 109.
ISO film Speed and coefficient ISO film speed Coefficient* 100 or lower 4 (14) 8 (26) 500 or higher 11 (36)
Position the SB-25 so light from the head covers the subject. Mount the built-in flash adapter. The zoom-head position is automatically adjusted. Confirm the LCD panel shows with indication. Use aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode. Choose position (flash mode selector) for TTL Auto Flash operation. For further instruction, see the TTL Auto Flash Mode section relating to your camera type. APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F90-Series/N90 F4-Series F-801/N8008 F-801s/N8008s F-601/N6006 F-601M/N6000 F-401x/N5005
* Numbers in parentheses ( ) represents coefficients for foot measurement system.
Determine the aperture or f/stop value using the following equation and chart, then set on the lens. The SB-25s LCD panel cannot be used to compute shooting distance. [coefficient] [f/stop] [flash-to-subject distance]

Page 126

Multiple Flash Photography Using More Than One Speedlight
If you have another flash unit, you can use it as a secondary light source for multiple flash photography. When you use only one flash unit in front of a subject, harsh shadows may be produced or light may not reach the background. Using more than one flash unit helps you solve these problems. Carefully consider the number of flash units to use and their locations. For better results, position each unit so its light can brighten a shadow created by another. See also System Chart for TTL Multiple Flash, pages 130 and 131.

ISO film speed 1600 2.5.2.5.400 1.2.5.200 1.2.5.Zoom set at 20mm 2.1.1.0.0.7 7.0 0.6 5.0 0.6 3.5 0.6 2.5 0.6 1.7 0.6 1.2 Zoom set at 24mm 3.2.1.1.1.0.7 7.5 0.6 5.3 0.6 3.7 0.6 2.6 0.6 1.8 Shooting distance range (in meters) Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set at 28mm at 35mm at 50mm 4.4.5.2.3.3.2.2.2.1.1.1.1.1.1.0.7 8.0 0.8 9.0 1.0.6 5.6 0.6 6.3 0.7 7.4 0.6 4.0 0.6 4.5 0.6 5.2 0.6 2.8 0.6 3.2 0.6 3.7 0.6 2.0 0.6 2.3 0.6 2.6 Shooting distance range (in feet) Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set at 28mm at 35mm at 50mm 9.6.7.8.4.5.6.3.3.4.2.2.3.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.0 9.2 2.2.2.0 6.5 2.0 7.3 2.0 8.6 Zoom set at 70mm 6.4.3.2.1.1.0.8 8.4 0.6 6.0 0.6 4.2 0.6 3.0 Zoom set at 85mm 6.4.3.2.1.1.0.8 8.8 0.6 6.2 0.6 4.4 0.6 3.1

1.2.5.11 16

f/ stop

1.2.5.11

1.2.5.6 8
ISO film speed 1600 2.5.2.5.400 1.2.5.200 1.2.5.Zoom set at 20mm 8.5.4.2.2.2.2.2.0 8.2 2.0 5.7 2.0 4.1 Zoom set at 24mm 8.6.4.3.2.2.2.2.0 8.6 2.0 6.1
Zoom set at 70mm 9.7.4.3.2.2.2.2.0 9.8
Zoom set at 85mm 7.5.3.2.2.2.2.0 10
:Programmed TTL Auto Flash with Nikon F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s. :Non-TTL Auto Flash mode. Usable film speeds depend on the camera model used.

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