Panasonic Broadcast

AG-DVX100B Menu Information

Using the setup menus

Use the setup menus to change the settings to suit the scenes you are shooting or what you are recording. You can also use the menu buttons on the remote control. (Page 19)
Press the OPERATION lever (h) (or move it y) to display the items.

Example:

OTHER FUNCTIONS

REMOTE DV CONTROL

OPERATION lever MENU button

DV CMD SEL

END SEARCH REC LAMP BEEP SOUND CLOCK SET TIME SHIFT
OFF REC_P BLANK OFF OFF OFF

PUSH MENU TO RETURN

When not shooting or recording, press the MENU button. The camera enters the menu mode and the following is displayed on the screen.

Camera mode

CAMERA MENU 1. SCENE FILE 6 7. CAMERA SETUP. SW MODE. AUTO SW. RECORDING SETUP. DISPLAY SETUP. OTHER FUNCTIONS
Move the OPERATION lever e or r to highlight the item you want to change.
VCR1 OFF REC_P BLANK OFF OFF

PUSH MENU TO EXIT

VCR mode
VCR FUNCTIONS 1. PLAYBACK FUNCTIONS 4 5. RECORDING SETUP. AV IN/OUT SETUP. DISPLAY SETUP. OTHER FUNCTIONS
Press the OPERATION lever (h) (or move it y), then move it e or r to select the setting you want to change. To change a setting, move [q], then move the OPERATION lever e or r. Example:
Initializing the menu settings
The setup menus are divided into user files and scene files. You can initialize these separately. To initialize the user file (all items except the scene files) In the OTHER FUNCTIONS screen, USER FILE, select INITIAL. The settings for the current user file are returned to the factory settings. (Page 78) To initialize the scene files From the 6 scene files, select the one you want to initialize with the scene dial. Then in the SCENE FILE screen, SAVE/INIT, select INITIAL. The settings for the selected scene file are returned to the factory settings. (Page 70) There is no effect on the other scene files.
VCR1 OFF REC_P BLANK OFF FRONT REAR BOTH
To change other settings, repeat steps 4 and 5. When you have finished, press the MENU button to return to the function screen. To change other settings, repeat steps 2 to 5. When the menu mode is finished, press the MENU button again and return to the normal screen.

Setup menu structure

Camera mode menu

CAMERA MENU SCENE FILE

(Pages 69 and 70)

CAMERA SETUP

(Page 71)
SYNCRO SCAN ASPECT CONV COLOR BAR SETUP MID GAIN HIGH GAIN ATW HANDLE ZOOM IRIS DIAL USER1 USER2 USER3

SW MODE

(Pages 71 and 72)

AUTO SW

(Page 72)

A.IRIS AGC ATW AF

DETAIL LEVEL V DETAIL LEVEL DETAIL CORING CHROMA LEVEL CHROMA PHASE COLOR TEMP MASTER PED A. IRIS LEVEL GAMMA KNEE MATRIX SKIN TONE DTL V DETAIL FREQ PROGRESSIVE NAME EDIT SAVE/INIT REC SPEED AUDIO REC MIC ALC MIC GAIN 1 MIC GAIN 2 TC MODE TCG FIRST REC TC TC PRESET UB MODE UB PRESET ONE-SHOT REC REC TIME

RECORDING SETUP

(Pages 74 and 75) (Page 76)
DISPLAY SETUP OTHER FUNCTIONS

(Pages 77 and 78)

REMOTE DV CONTROL DV CMD SEL END SEARCH REC LAMP BEEP SOUND CLOCK SET TIME SHIFT POWER SAVE LANGUAGE H.P MODE FILE TRANS USER FILE HOUR METER
ZEBRA DETECT 1 ZEBRA DETECT 2 MARKER VIDEO OUT OSD DATE/TIME LEVEL METER ZOOM FOCUS TAPE BATTERY OTHER DISPLAY LCD BACKLIGHT LCD SET EVF SET SELFSHOOT EVF MODE EVF COLOR DISPLAY ASPECT

VCR mode menu

VCR FUNCTIONS PLAYBACK FUNCTIONS

(Page 73)

32K (12bit) AUDIO AUDIO OUT

(Pages 74 and 75)

AV IN/OUT SETUP

(Page 75) (Page 76)

A. DUB INPUT DV OUT DATE/TIME LEVEL METER TAPE BATTERY OTHER DISPLAY VIDEO OUT OSD CAMERA DATA LCD BACKLIGHT LCD SET EVF SET EVF MODE EVF COLOR DISPLAY ASPECT

DISPLAY SETUP

REC SPEED AUDIO REC 1394 TC REGEN TC MODE TCG FIRST REC TC TC PRESET 1394 UB REGEN UB MODE UB PRESET DV IN PRESET REMOTE END SEARCH CLOCK SET TIME SHIFT LANGUAGE USER FILE FILE RECEIVE HOUR METER

Setup menu list

SCENE FILE screen
Item/ (Display mode) Description of settings Item/ Display mode) GAMMA (camera) Description of settings Selects gamma curve. LOW: Using the gamma curve, which the slope of low-brightness is modest, makes it staid image. The contrast become sharp. NORMAL: Makes standard images. HIGH: Using the gamma curve, which the slope of low-brightness is modest, spreads out the tone of dark parts and makes it bright image. The contrast become soft. B.PRESS: Makes the contrast sharper than LOW. CINELIKE: Uses the gamma curve to complete the cine-line image. Images have less noise than CINELIKE_D. CINELIKE_D: Dynamic range is higher than CINELIKE. CINELIKE_V: Uses the gamma curve to complete the cine-like image of the emphasis on contrast. When CINELIKE Gamma is selected, we recommend that the lens aperture is set to the lower level (about 1/2) than normal image level for making full use the characteristics. KNEE (camera) To avoid an over exposure, use this to set the compression level (knee point) of the high-intensity video signals which the CCD received. AUTO: Sets the level automatically according to the received signals. LOW: Low setting (compression begins from approximately 80%) MID: Medium setting (compression begins from approximately 90%) HIGH: High Setting (compression begins from approximately 100%) are the factory settings.

DETAIL LEVEL Adjusts the amount of detail. (camera) -7 - 0 - +7 V DETAIL LEVEL (camera) DETAIL CORING (camera) Adjusts the level of outline correction in vertical screen. -7 - 0 - +7 Adjusts the level of removing noises of the detail signal. -7 - 0 - +7 Set to - for a clearer image. Noise increases slightly. Set to + to decrease noise. Adjusts chroma level. -7 - 0 - +7 Finely adjusts chroma phase. -7 - 0 - +7 Finely adjusts color temperature (after adjusting white balance). -7 - 0 - +7 Adjusts the black master pedestal as the basis for images. -15 - 0 - +15 Sets AUTO IRIS level. -4 - 0 - +4
CHROMA LEVEL (camera) CHROMA PHASE (camera) COLOR TEMP (camera) MASTER PED (camera) A. IRIS LEVEL (camera)
Setup menu list (continued)
Item/ (Display mode) MATRIX (camera) Description of settings Chooses a MATRIX table, and sets the color for shooting. NORM: Makes colors suitable for a shooting in the open air or in using a halogen lamp as the source of light. ENRICHED: Makes colors brighter than the NORM1 mode. FLOU: Makes colors suitable for shooting indoors under fluorescent lights. CINE-LIKE: Makes colors suitable for movie-like shooting. Sets the skin tone details to ON or OFF. When ON is selected, skin tone details are reduced, which softens the skin tones. ON OFF Sets the vertical detail when shooting in progressive mode. THIN : Select this to thin the detail of images. MID : Select this to slightly thicken the detail of images. THICK : Select this to thicken the detail of images. When images were shot in the progressive mode in which the vertical detail is set as THIN or MID and are played on a monitoring television (60i interlace), you will feel flickers caused on horizontal lines and almost horizontal oblique lines. When you play images under the progressive mode, set the detail as THIN or MID. This gives you higher resolution images than setting the detail as THICK. Item/ (Display mode) Description of settings
PROGRESSIVE Sets the shooting in progressive mode. (camera) OFF: Select this to disable progressive mode. 30P: Select this to shoot in 30P mode (30 frames/second). 24P: Select this to shoot in 24P mode (24 frames/second). The tape is recorded in [2:3] conversion. 24P (ADV): Select this to shoot in 24P advanced mode (24 frames/second). The tape is recorded using advanced conversion. NAME EDIT (camera) SAVE/INIT (camera) Edits the name of the selected scene file you have selected with the scene file dial. SAVE: The changed settings in the scene file are saved. The original scene file settings will be restored when the menu mode is released, the operation is switched to the VCR mode or when the power is turned off if you do not select SAVE. INITIAL: The selected scene file settings in the SCENE FILE dial are returned to the factory settings.

SKIN TONE DTL (camera)

V DETAIL FREQ (camera)
are the factory settings.

CAMERA SETUP screen

Item/ (Display mode) Description of settings

SW MODE screen

Item/ (Display mode) MID GAIN (camera) Description of settings Sets the gain value which is to be allocated to the M position of GAIN switch. 0dB 3dB 6dB 9dB 12dB Sets the gain value which is to be allocated to the H position of GAIN switch. 0dB 3dB 6dB 9dB 12dB Sets the operation of the ATW (Auto Tracking White) function which is to be allocated to the WHITE BAL switch. OFF: Disables the ATW function. However, if the ATW function is set to the AUTO button or USER button, the operation of that button becomes effective. Ach: Activates the ATW function when the WHITE BAL switch is set to A. Bch: Activates the ATW function when the WHITE BAL switch is set to B. PRE: Activates the ATW function when the WHITE BAL switch is set to PRST. Sets the zoom speeds allocated to the setting positions of the HANDLE ZOOM switch. L/OFF/H: Sets LOW (speed) /OFF/HIGH (speed) to each position of 1/2/3 (zoom is disabled when set to OFF). L/M/H: Sets LOW/MID (medium speed)/ HIGH to each position of 1/2/3. Sets the rotation and the aperture control of the IRIS dial (when in MANUAL IRIS mode). DOWN OPEN: The iris opens when the IRIS dial is turned downward. UP OPEN: The iris opens when the IRIS dial is turned upward. are the factory settings. Menus
SYNCRO SCAN Adjusts the synchro scan shutter speed used for shooting images on a (camera) TV screen, etc. If you move and hold the OPERATION to e or r, changing speeds up and a beep sounds. PROGRESSIVE MODE OFF: 1/60.3 1/250.0 PROGRESSIVE MODE 30P: 1/30.1 1/48.0 1/250.0 PROGRESSIVE MODE 24P/24PA: 1/24.1 1/48.0 1/250.0 ASPECT CONV Selects the aspect ratio of the images which are to be recorded. (Page 34) (camera) NORMAL LETTER BOX SQUEEZE COLOR BAR (camera) Sets the color bar to ON or OFF. ON OFF Even if the color bar is set to ON, it reverts to OFF when the unit is switched to VCR mode or when the power is turned off. Adds the setup level (black level). 0%: The setup level is not added. 7.5%: A 7.5% setup level is added for recording.

HIGH GAIN (camera)

ATW (camera)

SETUP (camera)

HANDLE ZOOM (camera)

IRIS DIAL (camera)

Item/ (Display mode) USER1 (camera) Description of settings Enables a function to be allocated to the USER1 button. COLOR BAR: Color bar display (Page 35) SPOTLIGHT: Sets the auto iris control for the spotlight to ON or OFF. BACKLIGHT: Auto iris control for the backlight compensation (Page 35) BLACKFADE: Blackfade (Page 35) WHITEFADE: Whitefade (Page 35) MODECHECK: Press the button to check the status of the current camera setting displayed on the viewfinder and LCD monitor. ATW: Sets the ATW function to ON or OFF. ATWLOCK: Press the button to fix the value of white balance. Press again and the ATW function is activated. GAIN: 18 dB: Press the button to set the gain value to 18 dB. This function is disabled in progressive mode and slow shutter mode. When the gain value is set to 18 dB or set from 18 dB to another value, the image can be disordered for a moment. INDEX: INDEX recording (Page 35) SLOWSHUT: Slow shutter mode (Page 40) Enables a function to be allocated to the USER2 button. For further details, refer to USER1 above. BACKLIGHT Enables a function to be allocated to the USER3 button. For further details, refer to USER1 above. INDEX

AUTO SW screen

Item/ (Display mode) A.IRIS (camera) Description of settings ON: Performs auto iris control when in auto mode. The IRIS button is disabled. OFF: Disables the auto iris control when in auto mode. This performs the iris control selected with the IRIS button. Sets the Auto Gain Control function for when the A. IRIS option is set to ON. 6dB: Enables the Auto Gain Control function (max 6 dB) when the Auto Mode is selected. 12dB: Enables the Auto Gain Control function (max 12 dB) when the Auto Mode is selected. OFF: Disables the Auto Gain Control function when the Auto Mode is selected. ON: Enables the ATW (Auto Tracing White Balance) function when the Auto Mode is selected. You cant enable or disable the ATW function with the WHITE BAL switch or the USER button when this is selected. If ATWLOCK is assigned to the USER button, however, you can set the White Balance value with the USER button. OFF: Disables the ATW function when the Auto Mode is selected. The ATW function that has been selected with the WHITE BAL switch applies. ON: Performs auto focus when the auto mode is established. Neither FOCUS switch nor the PUSH AUTO button works. OFF: Performs no auto focus when the auto mode is established. The focusing is performed by the FOCUS switch or PUSH AUTO button.

AGC (camera)

USER2 (camera)

AF (camera)

USER3 (camera)
PLAYBACK FUNCTIONS screen
Item/ (Display mode) 32K (12bit) AUDIO (VCR) Description of settings Sets the sound to be output as CH1 and CH2 signals when playing back a tape that was recorded in the 32K (12bit) audio mode. ST1: Selects the sound that was recorded during shooting. CH1 signals = CH1 track CH2 signals = CH2 track ST2: Selects the sound that was dubbed on the recording. CH1 signals = CH3 track CH2 signals = CH4 track MIX: Mixes the sound that was recorded during shooting and the sound that was dubbed on the recording. CH1 signals = CH1 track + CH3 track CH2 signals = CH2 track + CH4 track Note When the sound is recorded in the 48K (16bit) audio mode, CH3 and CH4 do not exist so the following is always the case. CH1 signals = CH1 track CH2 signals = CH2 track Item/ (Display mode) AUDIO OUT (VCR) Description of settings Sets the audio signals to be output from the AUDIO IN/OUT pin jack when the tape is played back. CH1CH2: CH1 output = CH1 signals CH2 output = CH2 signals CH1: CH1 output = CH1 signals CCH2 output = CH1 signals CH2: CH1 output = CH2 signals CH2 output = CH2 signals
32K (12bit) AUDIO item/AUDIO OUT item settings and audio track signals output from the AUDIO IN/ OUT jack
Audio recording mode 32K (12bit) AUDIO item setting ST1 32K (12bit) AUDIO OUT item setting CH1CH2 CH1 CH2 CH1CH2 CH1 CH2 AUDIO IN/OUT jack CH1 output CH1 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH4 CH1+CH3 CH1 CH1 CH2 AUDIO IN/OUT jack CH2 output CH2 CH1 CH2 Menus CH4 CH3 CH4 CH2+CH4 CH2 CH1 CH2

ST2 MIX

CH1CH2 CH1 CH2

48K (16bit)

RECORDING SETUP screen
Item/ (Display mode) REC SPEED (camera) (VCR) AUDIO REC (camera) (VCR) MIC ALC (camera) Description of settings Set the recording-time mode. SP: SP (standard) mode LP: LP (long) mode Set the audio recording mode for conversion to PCM audio. 32K (12bit): 12bit/21kHz 48K (16bit): 16bit/48kHz Sets microphone level auto control to ON or OFF. ON OFF Set this ON to reduce distortion at high input levels. You should also adjust the input level with the AUDIO control whatever you set here. Sets the input level of the external microphone connected to the INPUT 1 terminal. -50dB -60dB Sets the input level of the external microphone connected to the INPUT 2 terminal. -50dB -60dB Selects the time code used when signals from equipment connected with the DV terminal is recorded. ON: Records with the time code signal input through the DV terminal. OFF: Records with the time code set at TC MODE/TCG/FIRST REC TC. This setting has priority over any setting you have made in TC MODE/ TCG/FIRST REC TC. If there is no input to the DV terminal, the setting follows the ones set at TC MODE/TCG/FIRST REC TC. Selects the correction mode of the internal time code generator. DF : Uses the drop frame mode. NDF : Uses the non-drop frame mode. The non-drop frame mode will be used when you are shooting in a progressive mode, 24P or 24P (ADV). Item/ (Display mode) TCG (camera) (VCR) Description of settings Use this to set the mode in which to advance the time code. FREE RUN: The time code advances regardless of the operation mode. REC RUN: The time code advances only when recording.

MIC GAIN 1 (camera)

MIC GAIN 2 (camera)

1394 TC REGEN (VCR)

FIRST REC TC Select the time code to be recorded when you start recording. (camera) (VCR) REGEN: Select to record the time code so that it continues from the time code already on the tape. PRESET: The time code does not continue from the time code on the tape. The value you set at TC PRESET is used as the initial value when recording the time code. The time code does continue on from the one on the tape, however, if you continue recording from something on the tape. TC PRESET (camera) (VCR) Sets the initial time code. This is effective when you have select PRESET in FIRST REC TC. Set the frame value to 0 or a multiple of 5 when you are shooting in a progressive mode, 24P or 24P (ADV). Using any other value will cause the time code to differ. Selects the user information used when signals from equipment connected with the DV terminal is recorded. ON: Records with the user information signal input through the DV terminal. OFF: Records the user information set with UB MODE. If you select ON here, this has priority over the settings in UB MODE. If the signal has no user information, the none is recorded. If there is no signal being input through the DV terminal, then the UB MODE settings are used. is the factory setting.

1394 UB REGEN (VCR)

TC MODE (camera) (VCR)
RECORDING SETUP screen (continued)
Item/ (Display mode) UB MODE (camera) (VCR) Description of settings Set the information you want for user information. USER: Records user information. TIME: Records the current time. DATE: Records the current date. TCG: Records the data from the time code generator. FRM. RATE: Records the frame conversion frame rate. Item/ (Display mode) UB PRESET (camera) (VCR) ONE-SHOT REC (camera) REC TIME (camera) Description of settings Set user information. Make sure you have set USER in UB MODE. Set ONE-SHOT recording mode. (Page 34) ON: OFF: Sets the length of time for ONE-SHOT recording. (Page 34) 0.5s: 0.5 seconds 1s: 1.0 second 1.5s: 1.5 seconds 2s: 2.0 seconds
DV IN PRESET Synchronizes the cameras TCG with the TC from DV input when you press (VCR) the TC SET button. ON: The mode is on. OFF: Cancels the mode.
a: Checking information for user information b: Frame sequence No. 0 to 4 are displayed during 24P/ 24P (ADV) mode. F is displayed during 60i/30P mode. c: Frame rates Frame rate (60/30/24) I/P ID Conversion data Frame rate coefficient d: Recording management data Frame updates REC START/STOP data

AV IN/OUT SETUP screen

Item/ (Display mode) A DUB INPUT (VCR) Description of settings Selects the sound to be recorded for audio dubbing. (Page 56) MIC: A_IN: Select ON to convert analog input signals into digital signals and output them from the DV connector. (Page 58) ON OFF are the factory settings. Menus

DV OUT (VCR)

DISPLAY SETUP screen
Item/ (Display mode) ZEBRA DETECT 1 (camera) ZEBRA DETECT 2 (camera) Description of settings Sets the brightness level of the leftleaning zebra patterns on the screen. 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, 105% Sets the brightness level of the rightleaning zebra patterns on the screen. 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%, 105%, OFF Note The zebra patterns do not appear if you select OFF. Select ON to display the marker. ON OFF To display the marker, press the ZEBRA button. (Page 33) Select ON to output information displayed in the viewfinder and LCD monitor together with the signals from the VIDEO IN/OUT jack. ON OFF Sets whether to display the date and time on the screen and whether to output from the VIDEO IN/OUT jack. OFF: The date and time are not displayed. TIME: The time is displayed. DATE: The date is displayed. TIME&DATE: The time and date are displayed. If you select any setting other than OFF, the date and/or time are included in the image output signals regardless of the VIDEO OUT OSD setting. Item/ (Display mode) Description of settings
CAMERA DATA Select ON to show the camera settings (such as image stabilizer, F-number, (VCR) and gain value) during tape playback. OFF ON LCD BACKLIGHT (camera) (VCR) LCD SET (camera) (VCR) Adjusts the backlight of the LCD monitor. Select HIGH for a brighter backlight than usual. HI NORMAL Adjusts the display level of the images on the LCD monitor. (Page 25) LCD COLOR LEVEL: LCD BRIGHTNESS: LCD CONTRAST: Adjusts the display level of the images on the viewfinder. (Page 25) EVF COLOR LEVEL: EVF BRIGHTNESS: EVF CONTRAST: Select the LCD mirror mode for selfportrait shooting. Select MIRROR to reverse left and right during self-portrait shooting. NORMAL MIRROR Select when to show images on the viewfinder. ON: Images always appear on the viewfinder. AUTO: Images do not appear on the viewfinder when the LCD is open. Select color or black and white for the images on the viewfinder. ON: Color OFF: Black and white Select the aspect ratio of the LCD monitor and viewfinder. AUTO: Changes automatically to suit the recording or play mode. 4:3: Fixed at 4:3 16:9: Fixed at 16:9 There is a 10% overscan on the LCD when the setting is 16:9 (but not on the viewfinder). You will see the whole image on both the LCD and viewfinder when the setting is 4:3. are the factory settings.

MARKER (camera)

VIDEO OUT OSD (camera) (VCR) DATE/TIME (camera) (VCR)

EVF SET (camera) (VCR)

SELFSHOOT (camera)

EVF MODE (camera) (VCR)

LEVEL METER Select ON to display the audio level meter. (camera) (VCR) ON OFF ZOOM FOCUS (camera) TAPE BATTERY (camera) (VCR) OTHER DISPLAY (camera) (VCR) Select ON to display the zoom and focus values. ON OFF Select ON to display the remaining tape and battery charge. ON OFF Select how much information to display. (Page 65) OFF, PARTIAL, ALL

EVF COLOR (camera) (VCR) DISPLAY ASPECT (camera) (VCR)

OTHER FUNCTIONS screen

Item/ (Display mode) REMOTE (camera) (VCR) Description of settings Sets the operations of the supplied remote control unit. (For settings on the remote control (Page 20) VCR1: Accepts commands from a remote control set to VCR1. VCR2: Accepts commands from a remote control set to VCR2. OFF: Operations are not accepted from any remote control. Sets the control method for backup recording with a backup unit connected to the DV connector. OFF: The backup unit is not controlled. EXT: The backup unit can be controlled by the START/STOP button. The images shot by the video camera are stored in the backup unit. Note that the video camera does not record them. BOTH: The images shot by the video camera are recorded by both the video camera and backup unit. CHAIN: When the video cameras tape approaches its end during shooting, the backup unit set in the recording stand-by mode automatically starts to record the images. Sets how the START/STOP button works for the backup unit. REC_P: The button works as a REC/REC PAUSE button. STOP: The button works as a REC/REC STOP button. Note If the backup unit does not have a rec pause function, select STOP. Sets the operation to be performed when a blank search is conducted. (Page 51) BLANK: REC END: Item/ (Display mode) REC LAMP (camera) Description of settings Sets lighting of the tally lamp. OFF: Tally lamp does not light. FRONT: Front tally lamp (microphone side) lights. REAR: Rear tally lamp (viewfinder side) lights. BOTH: Both tally lamps light. Selects ON/OFF for the beeps. ON OFF Select ON to be warned by a beep in the following situations. When a beep sounds, the audio signals from the OUT jack are muted and the beep is output instead. One beep when you set the power switch to ON when you start shooting Two beeps when you pause shooting Three beeps when you have set the cassette tape write-protect when condensation has formed inside the camera-recorder when a problem has occurred in the camera-recorder Ten beeps when it is not possible to record to the tape CLOCK SET (camera) (VCR) TIME SHIFT (camera) (VCR) Sets the camera-recorders calendar. Menus

DV CONTROL (camera)

BEEP SOUND (camera)

DV CMD SEL (camera)

The time set using this item is added to the clock time of the internal calendar (time difference compensation) and displayed on the screen. The added time is also recorded on the tape. +23h - +1h, OFF, -1h - -23h (In 1-hour increments) are the factory settings.
END SEARCH (camera) (VCR)
Item/ (Display mode) POWER SAVE (camera) Description of settings Select the power saving mode. When you dont perform any specified operations for five minutes* ON: the camera recorder turns off automatically. OFF: the cylinder head pauses and goes into standby mode without cutting the power. *The camera recorder does not go into power save mode if you use the following controls. AUTO Button FOCUS switch PUSH AUTO button GAIN switch. WHITE BAL switch WHITE BAL switch IRIS button and dial CH1/CH2 SELECT switch INPUT1/2 switch AUDIO control OIS button SHUTTER button SPEED SEL button Zoom button and ring HANDLE ZOOM switch Opening or closing the LCD Select headphone output. TAPE: Sound recorded on the tape is output. LIVE: Current input is output. The beep sound is not output even if you have selected ON for BEEP SOUND. Use this when you are shooting in the 24P mode or any other time that sound delay becomes noticeable. LOAD: The previous scene file settings are loaded. SAVE: The changed user file settings are saved. INITIAL: The user file settings are returned to the factory settings. After LOAD or INITIAL, switch camera-recorder OFF and then back ON to ensure that the settings take effect. Item/ (Display mode) FILE TRANS (camera) Description of settings Make settings for scene file transfer. (Page 47) SCENE: Transfer the scene file currently selected with the SCENE dial. SCENE ALL: Transfer all scene files. USER: Transfer all user scene files. Note When in FILE TRANS mode, only the menu operation buttons will function. Makes the camera ready to receive scene files from another camera. (Page 47) Note RECEIVE MODE appears on the screen after you set this mode. When in FILE RECEIVE mode, only the menu operation buttons will function. Displays the total running time (a 5digit figure in 1-hour increments) of the cylinder head.

What is 24p Playback? Cont
Here is a graphical view of what is taking place when we playback our 24p recorded video.

Main Features

New CCD Imaging System Exceptional picture quality, due to a new 1/3 inch, three CCD progressive imaging system that has 410,000 pixels per chip. This new system was developed specifically for broadcast and professional applications. These new CCDs are able to record light as low as three lux, enabling the shooter to record nighttime events in good detail. The picture quality is outstanding, with a high signal- to- noise ratio and low smear in bright areas. Newly developed Zoom Lens The DVX100 uses a Leica Dicomar lens which incorporates the optical technology of Leica Camera AG. This lens system employs 15 lens elements in 11 groups, including two aspherical lenses, to render a shaper image. A Leica multicoating process is applied to the lenses to reduce flare and ghosts. The 10X zoom has been designed to increase the lens wide-angle (f=4.5 to 45mm) capabilities. The zoom lens utilizes a cam-driven manual zoom ring, with quick, nimble manual zooming as well as a multi-speed servo driven zoom rocker switch, plus a three-speed handle zoom. Optical Image Stabilizer Compensates for Hand Held Production Incorporated in the DVX100 is an OIS (Optical Image Stabilizer) that compensates for slight hand shaking that may occur when shooting handheld. A gyrosensor detects handshake and sends signals to a linear motor, which adjusts the lens to compensate. This process takes place prior to the CCD image capture rather than in the downstream electronic processing, this minimizes any effect of handshake. Worlds First DV 24p Mode and Cine-Like Gamma The DVX100 is the worlds first handheld camera designed with video & cinema looks. You have a choice of three shooting modes, which are selectable, 24p (24 fps progressive) for images with a movie-like look and motion, 30p (30 fps progressive) or standard 60i (60 fps interlaced). Images that are captured in 24p mode, Re converted to either 2:3 (24p Mode) or (24p Advanced) with a 2:3:3:2 pulldown sequence. And recorded onto the video tape in the standard 60i Video format, which allows for playback on an ordinary DV VCR and TV monitor and edited on a DV system.
The Gamma settings menu curve allows you to select from four gamma curves:

How to use the Setup and operator Menus
The DVX100 offers the operator an extremely flexible setup capability. There are basically two groups of menus, one for Camera functions and the other for VCR Functions. These two groups give you the opportunity to choose from 73 items. Some of the menu items are used jointly in the camera and the VCR. In order to access the menus, first make sure you are not in the record mode. Choose the camera or VCR mode, by pressing the Camera/VCR button located on the lower back section of the camcorder. Now press the menu button located near the viewfinder marked MENU.
Once you pressed the MENU button, the menu will appear in the EVF and also on the LCD screen depending on where the DISPLAY menu is set. (EVF ON / OFF)
The operator may now change the menu by using the Operation Lever in the up direction or down direction. This will highlight each selection, one at a time. Highlight any function that you would like to change. Now press the Operation lever like a button, and this will display the items in that menu selection. To chose the item in this menu, once again press the Operation Lever in the up direction or down direction. To pick your selection press the Operation Lever and this will move the on screen arrow to the selection you want. Now that you have made your selection Press the MENU button two times to exit the menu and return to a normal screen. There is no set button; merely choosing the item then pressing the menu button twice will effect the change. Note: You can not operate the menu system while you are recording.

AG-DVX100 Menu Index

12 bit Audio 1394 TC Regen 1394 UB Regen A Dub Input A Iris Level A Iris AF AGC Aspect Conv ATW ATW Audio Out Audio Rec Beep Sound Camera Date Chroma Level Chroma Phase Clock Set Color Bar Color Temp Date/Time Detail Level DV CMD Set DV Control DV Out End Search EVF Mode
Playback Functions Screen (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (VCR) AV In/Out Setup Screen (VCR) Scene File Screen (Camera) Auto SW Screen (Camera) Auto SW Screen (Camera) Auto SW Screen (Camera) Camera Setup Screen SW Mode Screen (Camera) Auto SW Screen (Camera) Playback Functions Screen (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Other Functions Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) Scene File Screen (Camera) Scene File Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) (VCR) Camera Setup Screen (Camera) Scene File Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) Scene File Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) AV In/Out Setup Screen (VCR) Playback Functions Screen (VCR) Display Setup (Camera)

22, 15 28, 15 25, 26, 34

First Rec TC Gamma Handle Zoom High Gain Hour Meter Interval Rec Interval Time Iris Dial LCD / EVF Set LCD Backlight Level Meter Master Ped Marker Matrix Mic ALC Mic Gain 1 Mic Gain 2 Mid Gain Name Edit Other Display Progressive Rec Lamp Rec Speed Rec Time Remote Save / Init Self Shoot Setup Skin Tone DTL Syncro Scan

Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Scene File Screen (Camera) SW Mode Screen (Camera) SW Mode Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) SW Mode Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Display Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Display Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Scene File Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen Scene File Screen (Camera) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) Scene File Screen (Camera) Scene File Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Scene File Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) (VCR) Scene File Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) Camera Setup Screen Scene File Screen (Camera) Camera Setup Screen
23, 29, 26, 34 26, 34 25, 17 25, 28 21, 27, 16 18
Tape Protect Tape Battery TC Mode TC Preset TCG Time Shift UB Mode UB Preset User 1 User 2 User File V Detail Freq Video Out OSD Zebra Detect 1 Zebra Detect 2 Zoom Focus
Other Functions Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Other Functions Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) Recording Setup Screen (Camera) (VCR) SW Mode Screen (Camera) SW Mode Screen (Camera) Other Functions Screen (Camera) (VCR) Scene File Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera) Display Setup Screen (Camera)
29 25, 34 22, 31 23, 32 22, 32 28, 35 23, 32 23, 20 29, 25, 24 25

4. Camera Menus Screen

4.1 Scene File Screen
The Scene File Menu allows the user to quickly change the setup for up to six scenes with a turn of the scene dial. The scenes are tailored to various shooting conditions and are stored in the six menu memories and are selected by a six position rotary dial (cine switch), located at the back of the camcorder. You may also set up your own scene files instead of using the factory defaults.
Defaults for Scene File Dial

Factory Defaults for

DETAIL LEVEL CHROMA LEVEL CHROMA PHASE COLOR TEMP MASTER PED A. IRIS LEV GAMMA SKIN TONE DTL MATRIX V DETAIL FREQ PROGRSSIVE

NORM OFF NORM THICK OFF

FLOU. SPARK
0 +0 NORM OFF NORM THICK OFF +5 +0 -LOW OFF NORM THICK OFF
0 +0 -1 -1 HIGH OFF NORM THICK OFF
--5 -3 CINE-LIKE OFF CINE-LIKE THICK 24P

ADVANC

-5 -3 CINE-LIKE OFF CINE-LIKE THIN 24P(Adv)
The factory defaults are set up for six different scenes: F1 : SCENE F2 : FLOU F3 : SPARK This file contains the settings suited for standard recording. This file contains the settings suited for recording under fluorescent lights. This file contains the settings suited to accentuating the subject while recording (for shooting a wedding reception, etc.) This file contains the settings suited for recording with extended F4 : B-STR gradations in the dark areas (for recording scenes at dusk, etc.) F5 : 24P This file contains the settings suited for recording in the progressive 24P mode F6: ADVANC This file contains settings suited for recording in progressive 24p advanced mode. Note: During recording, you can not change the scene file to progressive. You must be in the record standby mode to change to the progressive mode.

or you will revert back to the old settings when power is turned off or you switch to the VCR mode. If the initial mode is chosen the scene file settings will return to the factory defaults.
4.2 Camera Setup Menu Screen Item

SYNCRO SCAN

Settings
OFF : 1/60.31/250 30P : 1/30.11/250.0 24P/24PA : 1/24.11/250.0 NORM / LETTER BOX ON / OFF 0% / 7.5%

Default

OFF 1/60.3 30P 1/48.0 24P& 24PA 1/48.0 NORM OFF 0%
ASPECT CONV COLOR BAR SETUP
Syncro Scan Is used to prevent black or white horizontal bars that may appear across
your computer monitor or television, when you are recording a scene that has either of these in it. By setting up the correct syncro scan in the menu, you can press the shutter button on the side of the camcorder and prevent this problem. What you are doing in the MENU, is trying to synchronize the cameras shutter with the scan rate of the computer monitor or television included in the scene.
Aspect Conversion Allows you to select the aspect ratio of the image to be recorded.
The standard images have an aspect ratio of 4:3. When placed in 16:9 aspect ratio the images are recorded with black bands across the top and bottom of the screen creating the 16 by 9 or letter box image. This method is called letterbox and has the major advantage of WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get). It you use an external anamorphic lens adaptor, about 25% higher vertical resolution can be obtained which may be more important for film out applications. If Letterbox is selected, the normal CCD based imager signal output of 720 pixels H by 480 pixels V is cropped down to 720 pixels H by 360 pixels V. The remaining 60 pixels at the top and bottom of the picture are forced to black. When an external anmorphic lens is used the source image is optically converted from widescreen 16:9 aspect down to a 12:9 aspect (4:3). Therefore the entire surface of the CCD based imager can be used to capture the image, yielding a full 480 lines of vertical resolution.
Color Bars A SMPTE test signal is generated internally, used to check the cameras performance, it also may be used at the beginning of the videotape as a reference. You can turn this function off or on in this menu. If you leave it on, it will shut off when the camcorder is placed in the VCR mode or the power is shut off. This function does not work in the progressive mode. Setup Also called pedestal, this is the video black level in a video image, 0% is the default setting for the DVX-100. Digital Video uses 0% setup (which is the ITU-R-601 Digital standard setting and Standard analog interlace video uses 7.5%.

4.3 SW MODE Screen Item

MID GAIN HIGH GAIN ATW HANDLE ZOOM IRIS DIAL USER 1 USER 2
0dB, 3dB, 6dB, 9dB, 12dB 0dB, 3dB, 6dB, 9dB, 12dB OFF, AcH, BcH, PRE L, OFF, H L,M,H
6 dB 12 dB OFF L/OFF/H DOWN OPEN YES BACKLIGHT
DOWN OPEN /UP OPEN COLOR BAR BACKLIGHT
Mid Gain This item selects the video gain at the M position of the GAIN switch located on the side of the DVX-100. There are five settings you can choose from: 0dB to 12dB. The factory default is set to 6dB. High Gain This item selects the video gain at the H position of the GAIN switch located on the side of the DVX-100. There are five settings you can choose from: 0dB to 12dB. The factory default is set to 12 dB.
The Auto Tracking White function, is used during the record mode to continually adjust the white balance automatically. With this menu item you can assign this function to one of positions of the WHITE BAL switch or turn it OFF. There are four settings: OFF: This turns off the ATW function and allows the AUTO button or USER button to take control. Ach: Sets the ATW function to Ach position of the WHITE BAL switch. Bch: Sets the ATW function to Bch position of the WHITE BAL switch PRE: Sets the ATW function to PRST (Preset) position of the WHITE BAL switch
ATW Normally, the white balance should be re-adjusted as the lighting conditions change.
Handle Zoom This item sets the zoom speeds of the lens, which are controlled by the HANDLE ZOOM switch located on the handle of the DVX-100.
L/OFF/H: Low/ OFF/ High speeds are set to the 1/2/3 positions of the Handle Zoom switch. L/M/H: Low/ mid (Medium)/ High speeds are set to the 1/2/3 positions of the Handle Zoom switch.
Iris Dial This item sets the direction of rotation of the IRIS dial in the Manual iris mode. When set to DOWN OPEN, the iris will open when the IRIS dial is turned down. When set to UP OPEN the iris will open when the IRIS dial is turned upward. User 1 & User 2
the User1 and User2 buttons are used for quick access customized operations of the DVX100. Each button may be assigned any one of the nine functions described In the table below. These assigned functions can then be accessed at the touch of a button. Items (Choose one)
Display / hide the SMPTE color bars Turns auto iris spotlight on / off Turns auto iris backlight compensation on/off Fade out to black / with audio Fade out to white / with audio Display camera settings in viewfinder Turns auto tracking white balance function on/off Lock/unlock white balance in ATW operation Switches the gain to +18dB

1.3 Auto Sw Screen

A IRIS AGC ATW AF ON / OFF
6dB, 12 dB, OFF ON / OFF ON / OFF

ON 6 dB ON ON

A. Iris When set to ON, or when the AUTO button is pressed, the auto iris control is performed. The IRIS button will not operate at this time. When turned OFF the AUTO iris control will not function and the IRIS button can be used. AGC This setting sets the video gain when the AUTO button is used.

TC Mode This item selects DF (Drop Frame) or NDF (Non-drop Frame) modes and as explained this item corrects timing differences. Note: When the progressive mode, 24P or 24P ADV is used, the non drop frame mode is set regardless of the setting. TCG This item selects FREE RUN OR REC RUN, For continuity, its best to leave in the REC RUN mode.
First Rec TC This item allow the user to select the time code that will be used when
recording is started. REGEN: In this mode the time code is regenerated from the time code on the video tape if there is any. PRESET: Here the time code is recorded using the value set in the TC PRESET item serving as the initial value.
TC PRESET This item is used to set the initial value used, when the PRESET in First Rec
TC is selected. Note: When the 24P or 24P ADV modes are used you must set the frame value to 0 or a multiple of 5. If you use any other value the time code recorded will shift.
The user may select one of 5 items: User: the users information, which is selected in the UB PRESET item. Time: The time that the recording was made. Date: The date that the recording was made. TCG: The time code generators value is recorded.
UB Mode This item allows the user to set up the information to be recorded as user bits.
FRM Rate: Is the frame rate information for frame conversion is recorded. This is a 8 bit
digital number, which contains the following information: The users bit value verification information, the frame sequence number, the frame rate information and the recording control information.
UB Preset This item is used for setting the users bit, make sure that USER is selected in
the UB Mode item setting. The users bit has 8 bits, which can be set 0 to 9, A to F
Interval Rec This item sets the intermittent recording mode, you have 3 selections. OFF: The Intermittent operation function is turned off. ON: When the START/STOP button is pressed, recording will be performed for the number of seconds set by the REC TIME item and the INTERVAL TIME item. One-Shot: This item will set the camcorder into a time lapse recording mode. When the START/STOP button is pressed, the VCR will go into the recording mode controlled by the seconds that were set up in the REC TIME item, then go into the record pause mode. Note: When placed into the intermittent recording mode or one-shoot, an I will flash on the EVF and display it on the top of the screen. Once the recording has started it will stop flashing. If the power is turned off the Interval Rec will return to OFF. When in the 24P or 24P ADV modes you will not be able to use the Interval Rec function.
to be performed. Normally set to 0.5 seconds, you can change this to 1 second, 1.5 second or 2 seconds.
Rec Time This item is used to set the recording duration for which intermittent recording is

PARTIAL

Another setting Displayed VCR, Not Camera Displayed Displayed Another setting Displayed VCR, Not Camera Not Displayed Not Displayed Another setting Displayed Another setting Displayed Not Displayed Not Displayed Displayed Another setting Another setting Another setting Displayed Not Displayed Displayed
Another Setting Not Displayed Not Displayed Not Displayed Another setting Not Displayed Not Displayed Not Displayed Another setting Not Displayed Another setting Not Displayed Not Displayed Not Displayed Not Displayed Another setting Another setting Another setting Not Displayed Not Displayed Not Displayed
LCD Backlight Allows the user to adjust the LCDs monitors backlight slightly brighter, NORMAL and HI are the two choices. LCD/EVF Set Allows the user to adjust the viewfinder and LCD monitors brightness and the LCDs color level. Self Shot: When doing a headshot or face-to-face shot you can turn the LCD toward the person so he can monitor himself. When set to Mirror, the LCD monitor will be reversed at the left and right for display during the face to face recording. EVF Mode This item is used to select when the EVF will be on. When turned ON video image will be shown at all times in the viewfinder. In the AUTO mode, when the LCD monitor is opened the video no longer appears in the viewfinder.
4.6 OTHER FUNCTIONS Screen Item
REMOTE DV CONTROL DV CMD SEL REC LAMP BEEP SOUND CLOCK SET TIME SHIFT TAPE PROTECT USER FILE HOUR METER
VCR1, VCR2, OFF OFF, EXT, BOTH, CHAIN REC P / STOP OFF, FRONT, REAR, BOTH OFF / ON SETS INTERNAL CALENDAR +23h, +1h, OFF, -1h, 23h POWER OFF / STBY LOAD, SAVE, INITIAL VIDEO HEAD HOUR METER
VCR1 OFF REC P OFF OFF YES OFF POWER OFF ---00000H
Remote This item is used to set the operations of the wireless remote control. There are
3 settings, VCR1, VCR2 and OFF. When using two DVX-100s this setting allows the two camcorder to be control from one remote control, by selecting which camcorder you want to control from the remote control. This item makes sure that only that one button (VCR1 or VCR2) will operate this camcorder from the remote control. OFF the remote will not be able to control the camcorder.

6. Video Glossary

24p 24 frames per second progressive, a standard for digital video 4:1:1 A sampling frequency ratio used in digitizing a video pictures luminance and color difference components (Y, R-Y, and B-Y). In this ratio the luminance is sampled at 13.5 MHz and R-Y , B-Y are each sampled at 3.37 MHz. 4:2:2 A sampling frequency ratio used in digitizing a video pictures luminance and color difference components (Y, R-Y, and B-Y). In this ratio the luminance is sampled at 13.5 MHz and R-Y, B-Y are each sampled at 6.75 MHz. This method of digitizing provides a wider chrominance bandwidth relative to luminance. A ALC Automatic Level Control, a circuit that is used to maintain a constant signal level. Amplifier A component that increases the level of an audio signal from line level to speaker level. Analog A signal that can be continuously varied in amplitude and frequency. Analog Components Video signals in which a continuously variable voltage or current represents the value of a pixel. Aspect Ratio The ratio of the width to height of a video screen or film when it is projected on a screen. The old standard NTSC aspect ratio was 1.33 to 1 or 4 to 3, but now with at advent High Definition technology 16 by 9 is common. B Back Light The main function of the backlight is to separate the individual subjects from the background and give them depth and dimension. Back Porch The period of time during horizontal blanking that follows the horizontal sync pulse and continues to the beginning of active video. Backlit Refers to the illumination used to light a projectors control panel or the buttons of a remote control, so it can be used in the dark. Black Level The level of the video signal that corresponds to the maximum limits of the black areas of the picture. Blanking or Composite Blanking Related to composite sync, this signal has both horizontal and vertical components and is at its negative level whenever video is to be blanked or turned off. Blanking Level Also known as pedestal, it is the level of a video signal, which separates the range that contains the picture information from the range that contains the synchronizing information. The level of the front and back porches. Is Zero IEEE units. C CCD Charge Coupled Device CCIR - Comite Consultatif International Radiocommunications, the French standards body which now falls under the control of the ITU-R. CCIR 601 (ITU-R 601) - This standard defines the encoding parameters of digital television. Charged Coupled Device Is a sensor used in scanners, camcorders, digital cameras, etc., to capture an image. CCDs work by converting light into electrical energy. Chroma The color information contained in a video signal, consisting of hue (phase angle) and saturation (amplitude) of the color sub carrier. Also, known as Chrominance. Chrominance The color part of a signal, relating to the hue and saturation but not to the brightness or luminance of the signal, e.g. black, gray and white, have no chrominance, but any colored signal has both chrominance and luminance. U,V: Cr, Cb: I,Q: (R-Y, B-Y) represent the chrominance information of a signal.

Coated Optics Is lens with a special coating to minimize the amount of light reflected back to the lamp, and the amount of ambient light that mingles with the focused light leaving the lens. Codec Coder Decoder, a device used to encode a signal and decode it. Color Bars A test signal that should be recorded at the beginning of every videotape. The color bars test signal provides the necessary elements of a video signal that are added during the initial set up of a tape machine. Color Burst A few (8 to 10) cycles of 3.58MHz color sub carrier, which occur during the back porch interval. Color burst amplitude is 40 IEEE units and phase is 180 degrees. The color oscillator of a color television receiver is phase locked to the color burst. Color Difference Signal The calculation of the chroma signal (R-Y, B-Y and G). Color Phase The correct timing relationship within a color display - color is considered to be in-phase when the hue is reproduced correctly. Color Sub carrier The 3.58MHz signal which carries color information. This signal is superimposed on the luminance level. Amplitude of the color sub carrier represents saturation and phase angle represents hue. Color Temperature A measurement of overall color of a source of light, measured in degrees Kelvin (K). The higher the Kelvin reading the more blue the light, the lower the Kelvin Temperature the redder the light. Normally, video uses lights that are 3200 Degrees Kelvin. Component The normal interpretation of a component video signal is one in which the luminance and chrominance are sent as separate components, e.g. Analog components in MII and Betacam VCRs, digital components UCRCB in CCIR re 601. RGB is, however, also a component signal. Component video signals retain maximum bandwidth, unlike composite systems. Composite A composite video signal is one in which the luminance and chrominance information have been combined using one of the coding standards: NTSC, PAL, SECAM, etc. Composite Sync A signal consisting of horizontal sync pulses, vertical sync pulses, and equalizing pulses only, with a no signal reference level. Composite Video A mixed signal comprised of the luminance (black and white), chrominance (color), blanking pulses, sync pulses and color burst. Compression A process used to store digital information in a smaller block of space than it would normally take Compression Ratio This is the ratio of data in the original video picture signal to the amount of data after compression. Contrast The range of light and dark values in a picture or the ratio between the maximum and the minimum brightness values. Low contrast is shown mainly as shades of gray, while high contrast is shown as blacks and whites with very little gray. It is also a TV monitor adjustment, which increases or decreases the level of contrast of a televised picture. Contrast Ratio A method of measuring the dynamic range of an image. A large contrast ratio indicates that the projector works well despite extraneous light. D DATA Digital information stored or used by a computer dB Decibel dBm A measurement of sound, measurement made across 600 ohms. DCT - Discrete Cosine Transformer is widely used to compress video; here 8x8 picture elements are converted to 8x8 frequency elements. This way the higher frequency numbers can be minimized and compression made simpler. DV Digital Video

DVCPRO - New digital format Decibel (dB) One decibel is one tenth of a Bel and is used to measure audio and video signals expressed by the ratio of two amounts of electric. It is also used to measure power differences in voltage, current, watts and sound pressure. Depth of Field The front to back zone in a field of view, which is in focus in the televised scene. With a greater depth of field, more of the scene, near to far, is in focus. Detail Resolution or clarity of the picture. Drop Frame A type of time code that can be used as a real time reference. E Error Concealment Use to conceal errors in digital recorded. F Fade Used in editing to gradually increase or decrease the video signal from black. Fading in is from black to full strength and fade out is from full strength to black. Field One half of a scanned image. A field can be referred to as an odd field or an even field. Each field is made up of 262 1/2 lines. There are two fields per frame and 60 fields per second. Two fields make up a complete television picture (frame). The lines of Field 1 are vertically interlaced with Field 2 for 525 lines of resolution. Flying Erase Head A special video erase head that allow for cleaner edits. F Number In lenses with adjustable irises, the maximum iris opening is expressed as a ratio, (focal length of the lens) (maximum diameter of aperture). Focal Length The distance from the center of the lens to a plane at which point a sharp image of an object viewed at an infinite distance from the camera is produced. The focal length determines the size of the image and the angle of the field of view seen by the camera through the lens. That is the distance from the center of lens to the pickup device. Foot Candle The amount of light reflected by a white surface one foot away from a lit candle. The metric equivalent is the lux. Foot Lambert One lumen or one foot candle of light over a one square foot surface. Format In recording of video, C, U-Matic, Betacam, M, Betacam SP, M-II, D1 D2, D3, D5, DV, DVCPRO, Beta, VHS, Hi8, 8mm and S-VHS are all current formats. Frame The combination of an odd and even field of the video signal. In each frame of video there are 525 lines of information in the NTSC system. There are thirty frames in a second. (625 lines, 1/25 sec. in Europe and many other countries). Frame Rate The amount of frames per second that has been set up for a particular television system. Black and white television uses a thirty frame per second rate, while color television uses 29.97 frames per second rate. Frequency Response The frequency range that both audio or video systems can reproduce a signal within a stated amplitude range. Front Porch That period of time during horizontal blanking that starts from the end of the scanned video image and goes to the horizontal sync pulse. G Gain The amplification of a unit. Gray Scale A series of tones, which range from true black to true white, it is usually expressed in 10 steps. H HDTV High Definition Television Hz Hertz Head The parts of a tape machine that play back or record signals on the tape.

Herz A measurement of cycles per second. High Definition Television (HDTV) Refers to the new television format which has an elongated shape and a significantly higher resolution than current television. Horizontal Blanking The period of time which the electron beam is blanked off while it moves back to the left side of the picture to get ready to start scanning the next line. Horizontal Frequency The inverse of the time it takes for a monitor to scan from the beginning of one line to the beginning of the next line; typically stated in kilohertz. Horizontal Resolution Smallest increment of a television picture that can be discerned in the horizontal plane. This increment is dependent upon the video bandwidth and is measured in frequency. Hue The degrees of the vector on the vectorscope which represents a color. (A) Distinction between colors. Red, blue, green, yellow, etc. are hues. White, black, and gray are not considered hues. (B) The dimension of color that is referred to a scale of perceptions ranging from red through yellow, green, blue, black to red. I IC - Integrated Circuit IRE Institute of Radio Engineers ITU International Telecommunications Union Impedance A measure of how much something resists (impedes) the flow of electricity. Insert Edit A type of edit where new video or audio is recorded onto existing materials. The existing materials control track remains unchanged. Interlace Scanning The process of combining two fields of video information One field has the odd lines of the image scanned and the other field has the even lines of the image scanned. The two fields, odd and even, are interlaced together to form one complete image, or frame of video. IRE Units of measurement dividing the area between the bottom of sync and white level into 140 equal units. 140 IRE units are equal to 1 volt peak-to-peak. Iris The amount of light transmitted through a lens is controlled by an adjustable diaphragm, or iris, located in the lens barrel. The opening is referred to as the aperture, and the size of the aperture is controlled by rotating the aperture control ring on the lens barrel. The graduations on the lens barrel are expressed in terms of the focal length f of the lens divided by the diameter of the aperture at that setting. This ratio is called the f-number. J JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group is a subcommittee of the International Standards Organization (ISO), which defines standards for digital photographic compression and decompression. Jitter Small and rapid variations in a waveform due to mechanical disturbances, changes in the characteristics of components, supply voltages, imperfect synchronizing signals, circuits, etc. K K - Or Kilo is the term used in computers to define 1,024 bytes. KHz Kilohertz Kelvin An International standard unit of color temperature. This standard is measured in digress. Kilohertz (KHz) A 1000 Hertz L LCD Liquid Crystal Display -- a display that works by controlling the opacity of LCD "glass" by varying the electrical signal. Each individual pixel acts as a shutter, to modulate light

projector's control or remote control. Primary Colors Colors usually three, which are combined to produce the full range of other colors within the limits of a system. All non-primary colors are mixtures of two or more of the primary colors. In television, the primary colors are specific sets of red, green, and blue. Progressive scan Computer images are all progressively scanned. Now, we are using this type of scanning for HDTV. Instead of having two fields and interlacing them together to form a frame or an image, we show each frame of a video image completely, from top to bottom, not interlaced. Q R RCA jacks RCA connections for RCA cables, carrying line-level audio signals and sometimes video signals. Resolution (A) A measure of the ability of a camera or television system to reproduce detail. That is the number of picture elements that can be reproduced with good definition. It is a factor of the pickup device or the TV CRT characteristics and the signal bandwidth. (B) Generally called horizontal resolution. It can be evaluated by establishing the limit to which lines can be distinguished on a test pattern. A larger resolution value means a broader frequency band of the video signal. (C) A measure of the greatest amount of detail that can be seen, or resolved, in an image. Often incorrectly expresses as a number of pixels on a given line. More correct is the bandwidth. RGB, RGB Format, RGB System Red, Green, and Blue: The basic parallel component set in which a signal is used for each primary color; or the related equipment or interconnect formats or standards. The same signals may also be call "GBR" as a reminder of the mechanical sequence of connections in the SMPTE interconnect standard. S SW - Switch S-VIDEO - The generic name for Y/C video, applied to S-VHS or Beta ED Sampling A process in which an analog signal is converted into a series of digital values. Saturation The quantity of chrominance information present, (for example, the difference between red and pink is that red is more saturated than pink.) Set Up - A reference to the black level in the videotape signal, also known as pedestal. Signal A variation in an electrical current that represents either an audio signal or a video signal. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N) - An S/N ratio can be given for the luminance signal, chrominance signal; and audio signal. The S/N ratio is the ratio of noise to actual total signal, and it shows how much higher the signal level is than the level of noise. It is expressed in decibels (dB), and the bigger the value is, the more crisp and clear the picture and sound will be during playback. Sub carrier Also SC, 3.58, 3.58CW - This is the basic signal in all NTSC sync signals. It is a continuous sine wave, usually generated and distributed at 2 volts in amplitude, and has a frequency of 3.579545MHz. Sub carrier is usually divided down from a primary crystal running at 4.318180MHz, and that divided by 4 is 3.579545. All other synchronizing signals are directly divided down from sub carrier. Sync Also Composite Sync - This signal is derived from a composite or combination of horizontal and vertical drives, with some slightly narrowed and delayed pulses as well as the addition of equalizing pulses. It is one of the more popular signals used in video

systems today, and when used, is usually accompanied by sub carrier. T Tape A medium capable of storing an electronic signal and consisting of backing, binder, and iron oxide coating. The orientation of the iron oxide determines whether the tape can be used for helical scan video recording. Tape Guides Guides that are replaced on a VTR that make sure the tape stays within the correct path from the supply reel to the take up reel. Test Signals Signals such as color bars, stair step, multiburst and cross hatch that are used in the setting up and checking out of a VTR. Time Code - A labeling system that is used to identify a specific frame of videotape. It can be an audio signal recorded on Track 2 or a video signal that is recorded in the vertical interval of a tape. Time Code Editing By recording a sequential time code along with the video and audio material, you can obtain a more precise reference for editing. Each frame has its own number or code, which tells the time in hours, minutes, and seconds, and includes a frame number. The world standard code is called SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) and has also been adopted by the IEC (International Elecrotechnical Commission). Time codes permit very fast and accurate editing. Automatic editing is possible under computer control. Tripod A three-legged stand on top of which a camera is mounted Tripod Head The top portion of a tripod where its legs meet and the camera is mounted; friction or fluid-head tripod designs are available. U UL - Underwriters Laboratory. Underwriters Laboratory (UL) A non-profit safety organization in the U.S. that inspects and certifies the products sold in the U.S. for their safety standards. V VCR - Video Cassette Recorder. VITC - Vertical Interval Time code VTR Video tape recorder Vertical Interval That portion of the video signal that includes the vertical blanking, the vertical sync pulses and the pre and post-equalizing pulses. It is also the area where other information that is carried with the television signal, such as captioning and satellite instructions, are inserted. Vertical Scan The action of the electron beam sweeping across the entire face of the display. Video Level A measurement of the video level or luminance level of the video signal. The video level should not exceed 100 IRE units. W Watt Is a unit of measurement of power. WFM (WAVEFORM MONITOR) - A type of oscilloscope that is used to display the luminance, chrominance and timing diagrams of the video signal. White Balance A method of setting a camera for the correct color temperature. X Y Y Signal The luminance portion of the color signal. Z Zoom Lens A lens with a variable focal length. Which allows you to adjust the size of the image on a screen by adjusting the zoom lens.