If the door windows are closed, they will be automatically opened by a few millimeters when the doors are opened and, when the doors are closed, they will be closed again. This makes it easier to open and close the doors and protects the seals. f Therefore, you should pull the door handle slowly so that the door window can be lowered before the door is opened.
Opening unlocked doors from inside
f Slowly pull door handle B.
Opening locked doors from inside
f Slowly pull door handle B twice. f Please see the chapter LOCKING CONDITIONS on Page 20.
Opening doors from outside
f Unlock vehicle with the remote control. f Slowly pull door handle A.

Central Locking

This device complies with: Part 15 of the FCC Rules RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and 2. this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Note The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications to this equipment. Such modification could void the users authority to operate the equipment. Warning! Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by Porsche could void the users authority to operate this equipment. f Please see the chapter LOAD SWITCH-OFF AFTER 2 HOURS OR 7 DAYS on Page 258. f Please see the chapter SEAT MEMORY on Page 33.
Both car doors and the filler flap can be centrally unlocked or locked with the remote control. The vehicle cannot be locked if the drivers door is not completely closed. A short signal from the alarm horn will draw your attention to the fact that the following components are not completely closed when you try to lock the vehicle: Drivers door (the vehicle cannot be locked if the drivers door is not completely closed). Passengers door Luggage compartment lid Engine compartment lid Glass rear hatch (Targa) Glove compartment Unlocking the vehicle by using the key in the door lock and opening the door may activate the alarm system within 10 seconds. Note f On vehicles with the Sport Chrono Package Plus, the PCM can be used to activate automatic door locking. Please observe the chapter Individual Memory in the separate PCM operating instructions.

Automatic relocking

If the car is unlocked by remote control and none of the car doors is opened within approx. 100 seconds, automatic relocking takes place. This relocking time can be adapted to your individual requirements (10 - 100 seconds) by an authorized Porsche dealer.

Locking conditions

f Lock car once. The doors cannot be opened from the outside. Alarm system and passenger compartment monitoring are switched on. If a person or animal remains in the vehicle: f Quickly lock car twice. The doors cannot be opened from the outside. The passenger compartment monitoring is switched off. Unlocking the door with the inner door handle Any person remaining in the locked car can open the door with the inner door handle: 1. Pull inner door handle once to unlock door lock. 2. Pull inner door handle again to open door. Note f Inform any person remaining in the car that the alarm system will be triggered if the door is opened.

f Always keep the lid of the door storage compartment closed. Objects must not protrude out of the door storage compartment. f No changes may be made to the wiring or components of the airbag system. f Do not add any additional coverings or stickers to the steering wheel or in the area of the passengers airbag, side airbags and head airbags. Doing so may adversely affect the functioning of the airbag system or cause harm to the occupants if the airbag system should deploy. Do not use protective seat covers. f Do not modify the seat coverings. Do not attach additional cushions, protective coverings, or pillows to the passenger's seat. Do not affix things to the passenger's seat or cover it with other materials. Do not cover the back of the backrest. Do not make changes to the passenger's seat and to the seat base frame. f Do not undertake any wiring for electrical accessory equipment in the vicinity of the airbag wiring harnesses. Doing so may disable the airbag system or cause inadvertent inflation. f If the warning light comes on, the airbag system should be repaired immediately by your authorized Porsche dealer. f Always keep feet in the footwell while driving. Do not put feet on the dashboard or the seat area. Do not lean against the inside of the door or outside the window while the vehicle is moving.
f Using accessories not approved by Porsche can cause the weight sensing system to be impaired. f Do not squeeze objects, such as the fire extinguisher, or first aid kit under the seat. f Only have seats removed and installed by an authorized Porsche dealer so that weight sensing components will not be damaged. f Give your passenger all of the information in this chapter. Note Airbag components (e.g. steering wheel, door lining, seats) may be disassembled only by an authorized Porsche dealer. When disposing of a used airbag unit, our safety instructions must be followed. These instructions can be obtained at any authorized Porsche dealer.
Airbags help to protect the head and upper body, while simultaneously damping the motion of the driver and passenger in the impact direction in the event of a frontal impact or side impact. In order to help provide protection in severe collisions which can cause death and serious injury, airbags must inflate extremely rapidly. Such high speed inflation has a negative but unavoidable side effect, which is that it can and does cause injuries, including facial and arm abrasions, bruising and broken bones. You can help minimize such injuries by always wearing your safety belts. There are many types of accidents in which airbags are not expected to deploy. These include accidents where the airbags whould provide no benefit, such as a rear impact against your vehicle. Other accidents where the airbags are designed not to deploy are those where the risk of injury from the airbag deployment could exeed any protective benefits, such as in low speed accidents or higher speed accidents where the vehicle decelerates over a longer time. Since airbag deployment does not occur in all accidents, this further emphasizes the need for you and your passengers to always wear safety belts. Your vehicle is equipped with a crash sensing and diagnostic module. This module will record the use of the seat belt restraint system by the driver and front passenger when the airbags and/or belt tensioner work.

tion manual provided with the restraint. Danger! The use of a child restraint system in the front passengers seat can result in serious personal injury or death to the child from an airbag deployment. To reduce risk of injury from an inflating airbag in an accident, Porsche strongly recommends: f Please see the chapter PASSENGER AIRBAG OFF INDICATOR LAMP DOES NOT LIGHT UP on Page 47. f Please see the chapter CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS on Page 50. f Do not install a child restraint system in the Sports bucket seat. The Sports bucket seat cannot be equipped with the LATCH system. Note The key switch for switching off the passengers airbag and the LATCH attachment bracket are not installed at the factory. They can be retrofitted (not on vehicles with Sports bucket seats). f Please see your authorized Porsche dealer.
Danger! Risk of serious personal injury or death to the child. f Follow all child restraint instructions and warnings in this manual. When using an infant or child restraint system, be sure to follow all manufacturer's instructions on installation and use. Infants and small children should never be held on the lap, nor should they share a safety belt with another occupant while the vehicle is in motion. Children too big for child restraint systems should use regular safety belts. A shoulder belt can be used providing it does not cross the face or the neck of the child. Choose a child restraint system according to the weight of the child. Child restraint systems that are damaged or have been heavily stressed in an accident must be replaced immediately. Children could be endangered in a crash if their child restrains are not properly secured in the vehicle. Do not affix things to child restraint systems or cover it with other materials.
Your authorized Porsche dealer will be glad to advise you about the installation possibility for a Porsche child restraint system which allows a key-operated airbag deactivation of the passengers airbag. The key-operated airbag deactivation device installation requires special programming available only from your authorized Porsche dealer. f Please see the chapter KEY-OPERATED AIRBAG DEACTIVATION DEVICE on Page 49.
Direction of installation for child restraint systems
According to accident statistics, children are safer when properly restrained in the rear seating positions than in the front seating positions. Under all normal circumstances, the forward facing child seat must be placed in the rear. Group 0 and 0+: Children up to 29 lbs (13 kg) Children of this weight must be transported in a restraint system which is installed on the passengers seat facing rearward. Group I: Children in between 20 lbs (9 kg) and 40 lbs (18 kg) Children of this weight are held in child restraint systems facing forward. Whenever possible, these child restraint systems should be installed on the rear seats. Group II: Children in between 33 lbs (15 kg) and 55 lbs (25 kg) Children of this weight are held in child restraint systems facing forward. Whenever possible, these child restraint systems should be installed on the rear seats.

Vehicles with PDK Downshifts are carried out to help maintain the pre-selected speed (especially when driving downhill). Warning! Risk of an accident resulting in serious personal injury or death. A constant speed may not be safe in heavy traffic, or on winding or slippery roads. With the speed control system engaged, the engine speed will not return to idle when removing the foot from the accelerator pedal. f Do not use the speed control when it may be unsafe to keep the car at a constant speed.
A1234Automatic speed control readiness off/on +SPEED/SET (accelerate/store) SPEED (decelerate) OFF (interrupt) RESUME

Hold and store speed

f Bring the car to the desired speed with the accelerator. f Then briefly push the operating lever forward (position 1).
Accelerating (e.g. to overtake)
Option 1 f Increase the speed as usual with the accelerator. When you ease off the accelerator, the previously saved value is set again. Option 2 f Push operating lever forward (position 1) until the desired speed is reached. The speed reached is maintained and stored when the lever is released. Option 3 f Push lever slightly forwards (position 1) (a maximum of 10 times). The speed is increased by 1 mph (1.6 km/h), each time the lever is pushed forwards. Note on operation Speed control operation is automatically interrupted if the speed is increased by more than approx. 16 mph (25 km/h ) for longer than 20 seconds.
f Observe all local and national speed limits.
Switch automatic speed control readiness on
f Press button A on the automatic speed control lever. This green indicator light in the speedometer now indicates readiness

Automatic Speed Control

The automatic speed control maintains any selected speed between 15 mph and 145 mph (30 km/h and 240 km/h) without you having to use the accelerator pedal. The automatic speed control is operated with the lever on the steering wheel.

Decelerating

Option 1 f Pull operating lever towards the steering wheel (position 2) until the desired speed is reached. The speed reached is maintained and stored when the lever is released. Option 2 f Briefly move lever towards the steering wheel (position 2) (a maximum of 10 times). The speed is reduced by 1 mph (1.6 km/h), each time the lever is moved towards the steering wheel. Vehicles with PDK Downshifts are carried out to improve deceleration (especially when driving downhill).
Interrupting automatic speed control operation
f Pull operating lever downwards briefly (position 3) or f Operate brake or clutch pedal or f Switch PDK to selector lever position N.

Outside Temperature

The outside temperature display C does not indicate, if ice is on the road. Even if a temperature above 32 F (0 C) is displayed, ice may still form on the road, for instance on bridges or when the road passes through a heavily shaded area.
A - Adjustment button for clock B - Clock C - Outside temperature display
The clock is blanked out approximately four minutes after the ignition is switched off or when the car is locked.
If oil pressure drops abruptly and a message is displayed on the on-board computer when the engine is running on or when driving: f Stop immediately in a suitable place. f Switch off the engine. f Check whether there is an obvious oil leak on or under the car. f If no oil leak can be detected: With the engine idling, measure the oil level with the on-board computer. f Please see the chapter OIL DISPLAY AND MEASUREMENT OF THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL on Page 153. f Please see the chapter ENGINE OIL LEVEL on Page 208. f Add engine oil if necessary. Caution! Risk of engine damage. f Do not continue driving if there is an obvious oil leak. f Do not continue driving if the warning lights come on even though oil level is correct. f Have the fault remedied at the nearest authorized Porsche dealer.

Battery

If the battery voltage drops abruptly, a warning message will be displayed by the on-board computer. If the warning is displayed by the on-board computer while the engine is running or while driving: f Stop the car in a safe place and stop the engine. Possible causes Defect in the battery charging system. Broken drive belt. Warning! Risk of engine damage with resultant loss of control and accident, leading to serious personal injury or death. A broken drive belt means there is no power assistance to the steering (more effort is required to steer) and coolant pump function will stop. f Do not continue driving. f Have the fault remedied at the nearest authorized Porsche dealer.

Engine Oil Pressure

The oil pressure is controlled as required and should be at least 3.5 bar at an engine speed of 5000 rpm. The engine oil pressure varies depending on the engine speed, engine load and engine temperature.
Check Engine (Emission Control)

Warning Light

The emission control system detects malfunctions early that could, for example, cause increased pollutant emissions or consequential damage. Faults are indicated by a continuously lit or flashing instrument panel warning light. The faults are recorded in the control unit's fault memory. The warning light in the instrument panel lights up when the ignition is switched on as a bulb check and goes out approx. 4 seconds after the engine starts. If the warning light does not light up, have the bulb replaced promptly. The warning light in the instrument panel flashes to indicate operating states (e.g. engine misfiring) which might cause damage to certain parts of the emission control system. f In this case, immediately reduce the engine load by easing off the accelerator. f In order to avoid consequential damage to the engine or emission control system (e.g. catalytic converter), have the fault diagnosed and rectified immediately at the nearest authorized Porsche dealer.

f Do not drive with tires whose tire pressure drops again in a short period of time. In cases of doubt, have tires checked by an authorized Porsche dealer. f Damaged tires must be immediately replaced by an authorized Porsche dealer. Tire repairs are not permissible under any circumstances. f If a fault occurs in the Tire Pressure Monitoring (e.g. defective wheel transmitter), contact an authorized Porsche dealer immediately and have the damage repaired. The tire pressure will not be monitored at all or will be monitored only partially by defective Tire Pressure Monitoring. f Tires lose air over time without a tire defect being present. A tire pressure warning will then appear in the on-board computer display. Correct the tire pressure at the next opportunity. f The Tire Pressure Monitoring gives a warning about tire damage due to natural pressure loss as well as about a gradual loss of pressure due to foreign objects. The Tire Pressure Mnitoring cannot warn you about tire damage that occurs suddenly (e.g. flat tire due to abrupt external effects).
TPM Tire Pressure Monitoring
f Please see the chapter TIRE PRESSURES FOR COLD TIRES (68 F / 20 C) on Page 289. The Tire Pressure Monitoring continuously monitors tire pressure and tire temperature on all four wheels and warns the driver when the tire pressure is too low. The display as well as the settings for the Tire Pressure Monitoring take place on the on-board computer. However, you must still adjust the tire pressure on the wheel.
Warning! This display is for informational purposes only. Under no circumstances should the tire pressures be changed based on this display. Changing the tire pressure to incorrect pressures could adversely affect the performance, driving characteristics, and safety of your vehicle. f Maintain tire pressures according to the units indicated on the tire pressure plate, located on the drivers side door of the vehicle. Displaying the tire pressure function of the on-board computer
Tire pressure function of the on-board computer The tire pressure function of the on-board computer displays the tire pressures (actual pressure) dependent on temperature in the four wheels. You can watch the tire pressure rise as the temperature increases while driving. This display is only for information. f Under no circumstances should the tire pressures be changed based on this display.
f Push operating lever up or down until the tire pressure function of the on-board computer appears. (The selection field must be switched off.)

Oil pressure gage faulty Oil level display faulty Oil temperature gage faulty Oil temperature too high

Indicator faulty

Brake pad wear
Warning Brake fluid level
Stop immediately in a suitable place. Do not continue driving. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Stop immediately in a suitable place. Do not continue driving. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer.
Warning Brake circuit division

ABS failure

PSM off PSM on PSM failure PSM initialisation PASM Normal/Sport PASM failure PASM indicator faulty Sport mode failure Airbag system fault
Porsche Stability Management has been switched off. Porsche Stability Management has been switched on. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Please observe the chapter PUTTING VEHICLE INTO OPERATION. Indicator for selected PASM mode Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Airbag is faulty. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Weight sensing is impaired on the front passenger's seat (Advanced Airbag). Correct the seating position, set the backrest upright, do not support weight on the armrests, or lift on the handles.
Check passengers seat setting

Failure spoiler control

Driving stability is impaired. Adjust your driving style. Reduce speed. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. Porsche Doppelkupplung: Selector lever can be between two positions. Engage the selector lever correctly. Porsche Doppelkupplung: Move selector lever to position P before withdrawing key from ignition lock. Porsche Doppelkupplung: Apply the brake when starting. Manual transmission: Depress clutch pedal when starting. Porsche Doppelkupplung: The vehicle can be started only in the selector lever position P or N. Restricted gearshift comfort, failure of reverse gear. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer. No selector lever position is displayed on the instrument cluster. Vehicle can be driven only until it comes to a stop. It is not possible to continue driving. Immediately stop the vehicle in a suitable place. Have the vehicle towed to an authorized Porsche dealer.

Selector lever positions

P Parking lock
f Engage parking lock only when vehicle is stationary. If selector lever position P is flashing in the instrument cluster, the parking lock is not engaged. The vehicle can roll away. Engage selector lever position P again by moving the selector lever out of R. f Engage parking lock after applying the handbrake and release it before releasing the handbrake. The ignition key can be withdrawn only in selector lever position P.
D - Automatic selection mode
Select position D for normal driving. The gears are shifted automatically according to the accelerator position and speed. Depending on the way the vehicle is driven (economical, comfortable or sporty driving style) and on the resistance (e.g. uphill), the gearchanging points are shifted towards higher or lower engine-speed ranges. The accelerator position, driving speed, engine speed, longitudinal and lateral acceleration and the road profile all have an influence on the gearchanging characteristic. Unwanted upward shifts, e.g. before bends, are prevented by swiftly releasing the accelerator pedal. Depending on lateral acceleration, upward changes on bends are not made until the enginespeed limit is reached. Under braking, and depending on the amount of deceleration, the PDK transmission changes down earlier. For subsequent cornering, the right gear is engaged when pressure is applied to the brakes before the bend. The bend is taken in the right gear, and when you accelerate out of the bend you do not have to change down.
With a sporty driving style, downshifts are already initiated when the brake pedal is touched lightly. This further enhances a dynamic driving style. The PDK transmission temporarily changes to the sportiest gear-changing map, i.e. to the highest possible gear-changing points, if the accelerator pedal is pressed quickly. The transmission accordingly shifts down immediately by one or two gears (temporary change-down). The transmission no longer selects 7th gear at high driving speeds. Sport mode (Sport and Sport Plus modes) Sport mode activated: The PDK transmission switches to a sporty gearchanging map and shortens the gear shifting times. A sporty driving style is recognised more quickly and the gear-changing speeds are adapted to driving performance. Deceleration downshifts are commenced earlier. Downshifts are already carried out in the case of slight decelerations, even at higher engine speeds.

R Reverse gear

f Select only if car is stationary and the brake is applied.

N Neutral

Selector lever position N must be selected for towing or in car washes, for example. f Only select the desired position for driving off (D, M or R) when the engine is idling and the brake pedal is depressed.
Sport Plus mode activated: In Sport Plus mode, the PDK transmission changes to a shift program designed for driving on race circuits. 7th gear is not selected. The gear-changing performance is enhanced significantly again compared with Sport mode. f Please see the chapter SPORT MODE on Page 64. Driving with Launch Control Driving with Launch Control allows you to achieve maximum acceleration from a standing start. It is intended to provide you with a unique enjoyment of your vehicle under controlled circumstances and is not intended to be used in any location where it could be a nuisance to other persons. Warning! There is a risk of endangering other road users if you use this Control in an improper location or in a situation where other persons might need to take evasive action due to the rapid acceleration that this technology permits. f Launch Control is designed to be used in a controlled environment on closed circuit driving courses where no vehicle cross traffic or pedestrian traffic is present. f Use Launch Control only if conditions permit it to be applied in a safe manner.
f Do not use Launch Control if there is a possibility it could endanger other persons. Such a possibility exists if you cannot see that you have a clear road with no possibility of cross traffic in your intended direction of driving. Caution! Stress on components increases dramatically when starting with maximum acceleration in comparison with normal driving off. Use of Launch Control will inevitably reduce the life of the engaged engine and transmission components. Preconditions: Launch Control should only be used when the engine has reached operating temperature. Sport Plus mode must be switched on (lightemitting diode in button is on and SPORT PLUS is displayed on the on-board computer). 1. Press the brake with your left foot. 2. Quickly press down the accelerator fully (kickdown activated) and hold. The engine speed will flatten out at around 6500 rpm. Launch Control active is displayed on the on-board computer.
3. Release the brake within a few seconds. Remaining stationary for a long time with Launch Control active can lead to overloading of the transmission. In order to protect the transmission, the engine power is then reduced and the Launch Control active process is cancelled. Shifting gears on the steering wheel With the shift buttons on the steering wheel, you can change temporarily from automatic selection mode D to manual mode M. For example: Shifting down before bends and on entering built-up areas. Shifting down on downward slopes (engine braking). Shifting down for brief spurts of acceleration. Manual selection mode remains engaged: for cornering (depending on the lateral acceleration) and overrunning, when the vehicle is stationary (e.g. at a junction). The system leaves manual selection mode: automatically after approx. 8 seconds (unless cornering or overrunning), after driving off.

Your Porsche is equipped with catalytic converters and must use UNLEADED FUEL ONLY. Your engine is designed to provide optimum performance and fuel economy using unleaded premium fuel with an octane rating of 98 RON (93 CLC or AKI). Porsche therefore recommends the use of these fuels in your vehicle. Porsche also recognizes that these fuels may not always be available. Be assured that your vehicle will operate properly on unleaded premium fuels with octane numbers of at least 95 RON (90 CLC or AKI), since the engines Electronic Oktane knock control will adapt the ignition timing, if necessary. It is important to observe the regular service intervals, and particularly the oil change intervals, specified in the Maintenance booklet. The use of UNLEADED FUEL ONLY is critically important to the life of the catalytic converters. Deposits from leaded fuels will ruin the converters and make it ineffective as an emission control device. Cars with catalytic converters have a smaller fuel tank opening, and gas station pumps have smaller nozzles. This will prevent accidental pumping of leaded fuel into cars with catalytic converters.

Refueling

Fuel tank capacity is listed under Capacities. Porsche does not recommend the use of fuel additives. Fuel is highly flammable and harmful to health. f Please see the chapter CAPACITIES on Page 290.
Unleaded fuels may not be available outside the continental U.S. and Canada. Therefore, we recommend you do not take your car to areas or countries where unleaded fuel may not be available.

Fuels containing ethanol

Do not use any fuels containing more than 10 percent ethanol by volume. We recommend, however, to change to a different fuel or station if any of the following problems occur with your vehicle: Deterioration of driveability and performance. Substantially reduced fuel economy. Vapor lock and non-start problems, especially at high altitude or at high temperature. Engine malfunction or stalling.

Fuel Evaporation Control

Fuel tank venting
The evaporation chamber and the carbon canister prevent fuel from escaping to the atmosphere at extreme high outside temperatures, when driving abruptly around curves and when the car is parked at an incline or in any other nonlevel position.

Cleaning Safety belts

f Use mild detergent to clean soiled belts. f When drying, avoid direct sunlight. f Only use suitable cleaning agents.
f Do not tint or bleach the belts. The belt fabric could be weakened, thus affecting safety.
Practical Tips, Emergency Service
Exercise Extreme Caution when Working on your Vehicle... Tires/Wheels.. Loading Information.. Wheel Bolts... Changing a wheel.. Flat Tire.. Lifting the Vehicle with a Lifting Platform or Garage Lift.. Spacers 911 Carrera, 911 Carrera S. Electrical System.. Battery... Replacing the remote-control battery.. Emergency Starting with Jumper Cables.. Bulb chart.. Lights, Replacing Bulbs.. Headlights.. Number Plate Light. Changing Light-Emitting Diodes and Long-Life Bulbs... Adjusting Headlights.. Towing... 280
f In particular, be very careful to ensure that items of clothing (ties, shirt, sleeves etc.), jewelry, long hair, hand or fingers cannot get caught in the engine-compartment blower, fan, belts or other moving parts. The radiator and radiator fans are in the front of the car. The engine-compartment blower is mounted on the engine-compartment lid. The engine-compartment blower can start or continue running as a function of temperature, even with the engine switched off. Carry out work in these areas only with the engine off, the ignition switched off, and exercise extreme caution. f Your Porsche is equipped with an electronic ignition system. When the ignition is on, high voltage is present in all wires connected with the ignition system; therefore, exercise extreme caution when working on any part of the engine while the ignition is on or the engine is running. f Always support your car with safety stands if it is necessary to work under the car. Jacks are not suitable for this kind of work. f When working under the car without safety stands but with the wheels on the ground, make sure the car is on level ground, the wheels are blocked, and that the engine cannot be started. Remove the ignition key.
f Do not smoke or allow an open flame around the battery or fuel. Keep a fire extinguisher in close reach. f Incomplete or improper servicing may cause problems in the operation of the car. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by your authorized Porsche dealer. Improper maintenance during the warranty period may affect your Porsche warranty coverage. f Supplies of fluids, e.g. engine oil, brake fluid or coolant, are hazardous to your health. Keep these fluids out of childrens reach and dispose of them in accordance with the appropriate regulations. f Some countries require additional tools and special spare parts to be carried. Please make enquiries before driving abroad.

Tires/Wheels

The original equipment tires and wheel rims on your Porsche comply with all applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. For your safety remember the following: Wheel rims and wheel bolts are matched to fit your Porsche. If you intend to use other than original equipment wheels, be sure that they conform to Porsche specifications for your model. Only tires with the same make and with the same specification code (e.g. N0, N1.) can be mounted. The use of wheel rims and wheel bolts that do not meet specifications of the original factory installed equipment will affect the safe operation of your vehicle. Before you plan on exchanging wheels, or snow tires already mounted on the wheel rims, consult your authorized Porsche dealer. Your dealer has the technical information necessary to advise you which wheel rims and wheel bolts are compatible with the original factory installations.

Screw in assembly aid for vehicles without Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake
9. Remove the remaining wheel bolts. Note on operation f To remove or mount the spacers: Please see the chapter SPACERS 911 CARRERA, 911 CARRERA S on Page 255.
13.Inflate the tire if necessary. Please see the chapter TIRE PRESSURES FOR COLD TIRES (68 F / 20 C) on Page 289. 14.Lower the car fully and remove the jack. 15.Tighten wheel bolts in diagonally opposite sequence. f Immediately after changing a wheel, use a torque wrench to check the prescribed tightening torque (96 ftlb./130 Nm). Note on operation for vehicles with Tire Pressure Monitoring
Checking tire pressure with a pressure gage
1. Remove the valve stem cap from the tire. 2. Press the pressure gage onto the valve stem. Note on operation f Do not press too hard or force the valve stem sideways, or air will escape. If the sound of air escaping from the tire is heard, reposition the pressure gage. 3. Read the tire pressure on the gage stem and compare it to the permissble tire pressure. This information can be found on the tire pressure plate or in the chapter Technical Data. Please see the chapter TIRE PRESSURES FOR COLD TIRES (68 F / 20 C) on Page 289. 4. Remove the pressure gage. f Please see the chapter TPM TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING on Page 143.
f On vehicles with Tire Pressure Monitoring, the settings on the on-board computer must be updated after the wheel change.
Screw in two assembly aids for vehicles with Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake
f Please see the chapter TPM TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING on Page 143.
10.Take the wheel off and put a new wheel on. Please see the chapter WHEEL BOLTS on Page 248. 11.Insert wheel bolts and tighten by hand. 12.Remove assembly aids, screw in remaining wheel bolts. Initially tighten bolts only slightly in diagonally opposite sequence so that the wheel is centred.

Flat Tire

Warning! Failure to follow these instructions may result in serious personal injury to you or to bystanders. f If you have a flat tire, move a safe distance off the road. Turn the emergency flasher on and use other warning devices to alert other motorists. Set the parking brake. f Do not park your vehicle where it may contact dry grass, brush or other flammable materials. The hot parts of the exhaust system could set such materials on fire, thereby causing both property damage and serious personal injury or death. A tire sealant and compressor with pressure tester are located in the luggage compartment. f Please observe the safety and operating instructions on the special sealant bottle with a special Porsche part number and on the compressor these are essential.

5. Use the black jumper cable to connect the negative terminal of the donor battery to the door arrester D. 6. Press button 2 on the remote control for approx. 2 seconds to unlock the luggage compartment lid. The alarm system is switched off. 7. Disconnect the negative cable first, then the positive cable. 8. Push positive terminal C into the fuse box and push on the plastic fuse box cover.
The battery is located in the luggage compartment under a black plastic cover. f Please see the chapter EMERGENCY OPERATION PULLING OUT THE IGNITION KEY on Page 76. f Please see the chapter EMERGENCY UNLOCKING OF THE LUGGAGE COMPARTMENT LID on Page 260. Warning! Risk of short circuit, fire and damage to alternerator and electronic control units, resulting in serious personal injury or death. f Observe all warning notes on the battery. f Disconnect the negative terminal on the battery during all work on the electrical system. f Do not lay tools or other metal objects on the battery as they could cause a short circuit across the battery terminal. Hydrogen gas generated by the battery could cause an explosion, resulting in serious personal injury or death. f Do not expose the battery to an open flame, electrical spark or a lit cigarette. f Do not wipe battery with a dry cloth. Risk of serious personal injury or death and damage to the fabric, metal or paint.

f Wear eye protection.

f Do not allow battery acid to come in contact with your skin, eyes, fabric or painted surfaces. f If you get electrolyte, which is an acid, in your eyes or on your skin, immediately rinse with cold water for several minutes and call a doctor. f Spilled electrolyte must be rinsed off at once with a solution of baking soda and water to neutralize the acid. Battery posts, terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. f Always protect your skin by washing thoroughly with soap and water. Risk of explosion as a result of static charge, resulting in serious personal injury or death. f Do not wipe the battery with a dry cloth. f Eliminate potential electrostatic charge by touching the vehicle before touching the battery.

Charge state

A well-charged battery prevents starting problems and has a longer service life. Traffic density, requirements regarding noise, exhaust gas and fuel consumption reduce the engine speed and, hence, the alternator output. However, the large number of electrical loads has markedly increased the demand for electrical power. In order to avoid discharging the battery unintentionally:
f Switch off unnecessary electrical loads in city traffic, on short trips or in a line or traffic. f Always remove the ignition key from the ignition switch when leaving the car. f Avoid frequent operation of the convertible top and operation of the Porsche Communication Management system when the engine is not running. f In the cold season in particular or if the vehicle is used primarily for short journeys, it may be necessary to recharge the battery from time to time.

THE CARRERA LINE UP For 2011, Porsche is bringing even more excitement to the venerable 911 model line up with the addition of the fastest Porsche 911 production car everthe 911 GT2 RS. This limitededition 911 joins new model additions to the 911s high-performance stable, including the 911 Turbo S, the high-octane GT3 RS, the Carrera GTS and the exclusive new 911 Speedster. Also making news for 2011 is a longer list of standard equipment for most 911 models. This year 911s come equipped with Bluetooth hands-free phone interface and a universal audio interface that provides connections for a MP3 player that can be controlled through Porsches Communication Management system. Also new on the value front are 911 equipment packages (excluding the Turbo, GT models, GTS and Speedster in which this equipment is standard) that offer significant savings of up to 30 percent on the most popular option bundles. These include the Comfort and Infotainment packages, with the Comfort package offering power seats, heated front seats, and automatically dimming mirrors. The Infotainment package offers a Bose Surround-Sound System, Navigation and XM Satellite Radio. New color options for 2011 include Platinum Silver Metallic, Ruby Red and Amethyst Metallic are new. The Limited-Edition Porsche 911 GT2 RS The Most Powerful, Street Legal Porsche Ever There is a new ultimate 911 and it extracts 620 ultra-efficient, twin-turbocharged horsepower from 3.6 liters to provide the industrys best-in-class power-to-weight ratio and surprisingly efficient fuel economy This new limited-edition 911 is the fastest and most powerful road-going sports car ever built in the history of Porsche. With horsepower (hp) up by 90 and weight down by 154 lbs in comparison with the previous 911 GT2, the new 911 GT2 RS has a power-to-weight ratio of just 4.9 lbs per horsepower, by far the best power/weight ratio in its class. These are the ideal ingredients for an ultra-high-performance sports car with supreme agility and truly blistering performance on the road.
Perfectly illustrating Porsche Intelligent Performance, the 2011 GT2 RS achieves a reduction of approximately 5 percent for both fuel consumption and CO2 emissions when compared with the previous 911 GT2. The 3.6 liter six-cylinder boxer engine features two variable turbine geometry turbochargers and provides power to the rear wheels exclusively through a six-speed manual gearbox. Equally impressive stopping power comes from standard Porsche Composite Ceramic Brakes (PCCB). New tires were specifically developed for the 911 GT2 RS and measure 245/35 ZR 19 at the front and 325/30 ZR 19 at the rear, delivering cornering performance to match the straightline speed. Extreme cornering dynamics are ensured by the setup of the springs, Porsche Adaptive Suspension Management (PASM), unique anti-roll bars, specific Porsche dynamic engine mounts and recalibrated Porsche Stability Management (PSM), whose stability and traction control functions can be switched off individually. The combined effect of these developments is evident on the racetrack. In fact, the ultimate 911 accelerates from 0-60 in 3.4 seconds, boasts a top-track speed of 205 mph and laps the famed Nrburgring-Nordschleife racetrack in just 7 minutes and 18 seconds. In its looks, the new 911 GT2 RS stands out clearly from the other 911 models through the lavish use of carbon-fiber-reinforced components with a matt-black surface finish, even wider wheels (including flared wheel arches at the front), new light-alloy wheels with central mounting and GT2 RS model designations on the doors and rear lid. Matte-finish carbon-fiber also graces the redesigned front spoiler lip and the 3/8th of an inch (10 mm) taller rear spoiler lip which both enhance aerodynamics and provide extra downforce. The interior of the 911 GT2 RS also exudes sporting performance in virtually every detail. Lightweight two-piece bucket seats made of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic are standard, as are lightweight door panels with fabric straps instead of traditional door handles. The interior color is black, which contrasts with red elements, such as the seat center sections, the roof lining and segments of the steering wheel rim. The gearshift and handbrake lever are also finished in red Alcantara. Limited to just 500 units worldwide, all of which have been accounted for, the 911 GT2 RS will be delivered to eager customers in the U.S. beginning in February 2011. It carries a MSRP of $245.000.
The Venerable 911 Turbo While their acceleration, braking and handling capabilities make it a true super sports car, the 911 Turbo Coupe and Cabriolet go about their business with a thriftiness that is equally remarkable and by no means the norm in the class. The 2011 Porsche 911 Turbo features the flat-six boxer engine that delivers 500 horsepower, with a maximum torque of 516 lb-ft when equipped with the optional Sport Chrono Package Turbo. All of this means that the 911 Turbo can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 3.2 seconds when combined with the new, highly acclaimed Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK) seven-speed dual clutch transmission. The top track speed for both the Coupe and the Cabriolet model is 194 mph. Remarkably, with all this performance and power, the new Coupe offers best-in-class fuel economy when equipped with the PDK transmission, delivering an EPA rated 17 mpg in the city and 25 mpg on the highway. Pricing for the 2011 Turbo Coupe and Turbo Cabriolet is $135,500 and $146,800, respectively, plus $950 for destination. The First new 911 Turbo S in five years provides 530 hp and 25 mpg The 911 Turbo S Never satisfied, Porsche 911 engineers have developed a range-topping Turbo designed to deliver the ultimate in terms of power, performance and driving dynamics: the 911 Turbo S. The heart of this exclusive high-performance athlete is the six-cylinder boxer engine boosted by two exhaust gas turbochargers with variable turbine geometry. The flat-six engine has an increase in power over the 911 Turbo by 30 to 530 hp and maximum torque is a most impressive 516 lb-ft. Despite its significant increase in power and dynamic performance, the new 911 Turbo S does not consume any more fuel than the Porsche 911 Turbo, making it by far the most efficient sports car in its class. The 911 Turbo S Coupe is EPA rated at 17 mpg city, 25 highway. The 911 Turbo S comes exclusively with the seven-speed Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK), Porsches Double-Clutch Gearbox, delivering power to the Porsche Traction Management (PTM) all-wheel drive system. The increase in driving enjoyment is ensured by the now standard Dynamic Engine Mounts and Porsche Torque Vectoring (PTV), including the standard mechanical differential lock on the rear axle. In conjunction with Launch Control, part

The astounding results are the 911 GT3's ability to run from 0 to 60 mph in just 4.0 seconds. The car continues to 100 mph in only 8.2 seconds. The GT3 attains a track-tested top speed of 194 mph. The 2011 MSRP is $115,700, plus $950 for destination. Delivering even more engine power, lower weight and shorter transmission ratios, as well as upgraded body and suspension components than all previous 911 GT3s, the new Porsche 911 GT3 RS sets the foundation for homologating the race version of the 911 GT3. The heart of the new, uncompromising 911 GT3 RS is the power unit. Like the engine featured in the 911 GT3, the naturally aspirated RS power unit now displaces 3.8 liters and delivers even more power, while revving up even faster to its 8500 rpm redline. It now delivers 450 horsepower, 15 more horsepower than its 911 GT3 counterpart. Even with a specific output of more than 118 horsepower per liter from the six-cylinder boxer engine, the power unit in the new 911 GT3 RSthe most potent naturally aspirated engine in any street-legal 911 remains fully suitable for everyday use. The new 911 GT3 RS comes exclusively with a six-speed manual gearbox optimized for short gearshift travel, low weight and high efficiency. To enhance the level of performance throughout the entire range of engine and road speed, the transmission comes with shorter ratios than found in the 911 GT3, deliberately conceding an even higher potential top track speed. Dynamic engine mounts are standard and serve to improve the cars handling to an even higher level. Depending on driving conditions, the mounts change in their stiffness and damping effect, improving the connection between the engine and the body when driving under very lively conditions, yet allow for more comfortable conditions during everyday street use. Porsche introduces another 911 GT3 RS option in 2011, a lightweight lithium-ion battery. Delivered with the car, and when replacing the conventional lead-acid battery, it reduces the weight by more than 22 lbs and is mainly intended for the track. This special battery is also available in the Boxster Spyder, and GT3. To further improve its sporting behavior, the new 911 GT3 RS comes with a purpose-built and specially set up PASM suspension, a wider front and rear track and corresponding bodywork. The front axle comes with nine-inch-wide wheels running on 245/35 ZR 19 sports tires while the rear axle features twelve-inch-wide wheels incorporating 325/30 ZR 19 sports tires. Sharing many parts with the 911 GT3 RSR raced in ALMS, the new 911 GT3 RS shows its close connection to motorsport through its dynamic looks, in particular by its low ride height,

In the 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet, this translates to a 0-to-60 mph time of 4.8 and 5.0 seconds, respectively, and a top test-track speed of 177 mph when fitted with the standard sixspeed manual gearbox. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.6 and 4.8 seconds, and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package further improves this sprint time to 4.4 and 4.6 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDK-equipped 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet is 175 mph. The S versions of Porsches all-wheel drive 911 Coupes and Cabriolets significantly raise the bar. Using the 3.8-liter Porsche boxer engine mated to the standard six-speed manual gearbox, 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 4.5 and 4.7 seconds, respectively, on their way to a top test-track speed of 185 mph. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.3 and 4.5 seconds, and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package further improves this sprint time to 4.1 and 4.3 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDKequipped 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet is 183 mph. With the six-speed manual gearbox, the Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet get 18 mpg city/24 mpg highway and 18 mpg city/25 highway, respectively. With PDK, they both get 18 mpg city/26 highway. The MSRP for the Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet is $84,100 and $95,100, respectively, plus $950 for destination. The 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet get 18 mpg city/25 mpg highway with the six-speed manual gearbox. With the PDK transmission they get 18 mpg city/26 mpg highway and 18 mpg city/27 mpg highway, respectively. The 2011 MSRPs for the 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet is $96,800 and $107,800, respectively, plus $950 for destination. 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S In 1967 Porsche introduced American drivers to a new open-top sports car interpretation by offering the 911 Targa. Originally, the idea of employing a removable roof panel with a bandstyle roll bar was Porsches engineering solution to a feared ban on the traditional folding softtop. That ban never happened, but soon after Porsche began offering the 911 Targa, its popularity had been solidified and soon demand far exceeded supply. The 911 Targa, named after the famous Targa Florio where Porsche scored more victories than anyone else, stayed in the 911 model lineup for many years, and today it is offered in the form of the all-wheel drive 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S. The stunning glass-roofed 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S are unique. With roofs made entirely of two glass panels, this transparent cover extends from the windshield header all the way back to the leading edge of the engine cover and spans the width of the roof from side frame to side frame.

The combination of glass roof panels, windshield, side windows and rear glass creates a seethrough canopy for the occupants with an unobstructed view in all directions, yet provides total protection from the elements. The front glass panel, which completely covers the area over the front seats, may be opened like a conventional sunroof. The rear glass panel is hinged and can be opened like a hatch to provide access to the rear seat area. This makes the 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S the only 911 models with this feature. Both panels are made from a specially formulated glass that absorbs nearly all ultraviolet radiation yet remains transparent. An electrically operated roller blind adds insulation against the cold and bright sunlight. Mechanically, these cars are based Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes, and thus retain their all-weather capabilities thanks to the electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management (PTM) system. It can vary torque infinitesimally and absolutely between front and rear wheels as needed, yet directs two thirds of the engines torque to the rear wheels under normal driving conditions to provide more sporty dynamics. The 911 Targa 4 features Porsches 3.6-liter, six-cylinder horizontally opposed engine producing 345 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 288 lb-ft of torque at 4000 rpm. The 911 Targa 4S has the 3.8-liter engine providing 385 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 310 lb-ft of torque at 4400 rpm. The 911 Targa 4 with the standard six-speed manual gearbox accelerates from 0 to 60 mph 5.0 seconds on its way to a top test-track speed of 177 mph. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.8 seconds, and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package further improves this sprint time to 4.6 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDK-equipped 911 Targa 4 is 175 mph. The 911 Targa 4S, using the 3.8-liter Porsche boxer engine mated to the standard six-speed manual gearbox, accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 4.7 seconds. The top test-track speed is an impressive 185 mph. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.5 seconds and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package drops the time to 4.3 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDK-equipped 911 Targa 4S is 183 mph. The 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S get 18 mpg city/25 mpg highway and 17 mpg city/25 mpg highway with the six-speed manual gearbox. With the PDK transmission the 911 Targa 4 gets 18 mpg city/26 mpg highway while the 911 Targa 4S gets 18 mpg city/27 mpg

DFI also has benefits from an emissions standpoint since it is designed to allow for a very thorough combustion. During start-up, the DFI engine benefits from high-pressure stratification of the injected fuel. Then to quickly light off the catalysts, the DFI heats the exhaust rapidly through multiple injection. To increase the temperature of the exhaust gas to an even higher level, ignition timing is very late, further minimizing start-up emissions. The Porsche DFI system also employs multiple fuel injections during periods of combined high loads and engine speeds up to about 3500 rpm; for example, when the driver floors the throttle at slower speeds. During the multiple injection phases, the injectors split the fuel charge into several successive bursts during the piston's intake stroke. Otherwise, the fuel is injected in one phase during each intake stroke. Both the 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter engines are equipped with Porsche's VarioCam Plus intake valve timing and lift system. When the DFI was first launched in 2009, Porsche's engineers refined the elements and operation of the VarioCam Plus to optimize the benefits of the DFI. The engineers re-aligned the profiles of both the intake and the exhaust camshafts. For example the diameter of the intake tappets was reduced, which resulted in a reduction in mass that allowed the engineers to safely raise the engines redlines to 7500 rpm. Two Camshafts in One As with all Porsche engines, VarioCam Plus adjusts intake valve lift and timing based on engine speed and load, and is under the umbrella of the engine's main electronic controller. Though the VarioCam Plus operates far too quickly for the driver to be aware of it, the results are obvious. The effect is that of an engine with two different intake camshaft profiles, one set up for smooth and efficient around-town driving, the other a high-performance camshaft designed for high-speed. Each of these two designs usually precludes the other and most cars have a compromise of the two. Porsche's VarioCam Plus removes the compromise and the driver benefits from the best of both driving worlds. Valve timing is controlled via a vane cell adjuster which continuously varies the two intake camshafts positions relative to crankshaft. Valve lift is varied by a system utilizing two cup tappets, one resting in the other. These tappets are actuated by separate cam lobes of differing size. The engine control module directs oil pressure to the appropriate tappet based on engine speed and load parameters. When non-pressurized, the tappet moves under the camshaft lobe, but exerts no pressure on the valve, in effect free wheeling.

developed new one-piece cylinder heads that incorporate the camshaft bearings and the guide cylinders for the hydraulic cup tappets. Leaving no stone unturned in their quest for maximum efficiency, Porsche's engine designers developed an engine lubricating oil system that ensures thorough lubrication regardless of driving conditions while minimizing operating losses for improved fuel economy. Given that 911 sports cars are designed to be driven quickly and enthusiastically, every element must withstand extended periods of high levels of lateral acceleration. Drawing from decades of racing success, Porsche's engineers ensured the cars' engines would always be adequately lubricated, even under the most extreme driving conditions. Here, Porsche employs its proven integral dry sump system, with four intakes and one electronically controlled pressure oil pump operating on demand. The engine's electronic management system adjusts the supply of oil by means of a hydraulically activated, axially moved gear in the pressure pump. As the gear is moved, its mesh section width is changed, varying the volume of oil moved. The pump runs on a chain-driven shaft spun by the crankshaft. The result is optimum lubrication with minimal energy consumption. In addition, two suction pumps extract oil from each of the two cylinder heads and feed it to the oil sump where a new baffle plate largely separates the crankcase and the sump, resulting in low splash losses in the crankcase and minimizing oil foaming in the sump. The integrated dry-sump system is so precise at monitoring oil levels that the engines have no engine oil dipstick. Instead, an electronic monitor measures the oil level and displays the result on the instrument cluster. Keeping it Cool Engine cooling for both the 3.6- and 3.8-liter engines is optimized by the cooling around the exhaust valve seat rings, which efficiently dissipates heat in the cylinder heads. Getting the Power Out As before, the 911 Carrera, Carrerra 4 and Targa 4 models, including the S versions, and GTS come equipped with an advanced six-speed manual gearbox as standard. The GT3s and GT2 RS come exclusively with the manual. This highly refined manual transmissions boast high strength and supreme performance. For example, the transmission uses steel rather than brass synchronizing rings as well as thick shafts and wide gears. Still, its weight is kept down by using extra-thin aluminum in the oil chamber walls.

Of course, many 911 models can be equipped with the highly acclaimed and innovative Porsche PDK transmission (standard on the Turbo S models and the Speedster). This sevenspeed can be shifted manually by the driver or used as a lightening-fast automatic transmission. The PDK transmission in the 911 is the result of years of Porsche motorsport competition, and was originally developed in the 1980s for the all-conquering Porsche 962 Group C racecar. Its use in the 911 and other Porsches is the result of the companys hard-earned race track experience and recent advancements in electronic control technology. The PDK allows the driver to shift up and down using either steering-wheel mounted switches, optional paddles, or the console-mounted gear selector. Or the driver can simply leave the PDK in automatic mode and allow it to operate totally on its own. Put extremely simply, the PDK is two manual gearboxes combined into one unit. At its crux, the PDK has a sophisticated electronically controlled valve body overseeing the operation of two separate multi-plate wet-clutch packs, each with its own gearset. One clutch activates first, third, fifth, seventh and reverse, the other acts on second, fourth and sixth. Only one of the clutch packs is engaged at any given moment. As one disengages, the other simultaneously engages. Since each gear is pre-selected and already in mesh when its clutch pack engages, the shift is completed instantly and without any loss of power. Like the clutch packs, the gears' shift forks are electro-hydraulically operated. This all adds up to gear changes that occur in milliseconds, faster and smoother even under full load -- than can be made by even the most adept driver. In manual mode, under load, the PDK upshifts sequentially, alternating between odd and even numbered gearsets. During downshifts, however, the PDK can skip gears, even going from seventh to second. In downshifts within the same gearset, intermediate gears in the other unit are engaged briefly. For example, if the PDK downshifts from sixth to fourth, fifth gear is activated temporarily as fourth gear is selected and the ECU synchronizes engine and transmission speeds. Wait, There's Still More Performance Available For those enthusiast drivers who want even more direct control of the PDK double-clutch transmission, Porsche's engineers have configured the optional Sports Chrono Package Plus to work with PDK. Pressing the Sport or Sport Plus button on the center console allows the driver to select his desired gear directly. The shift points are adjusted infinitely as a function of the drivers style and

the button pressed. An added feature is an aggressive downshifting program whenever the driver hits the gas pedal quickly. The available Sport program provides enhanced driving dynamics by preventing an automatic upshift when the driver lifts off the throttle quickly, as when entering a turn. The transmission won't upshift in curves if the car's lateral acceleration and road speed inform the ECU that the driver is driving aggressively. Automatic and quick downshifts under braking are based on the vehicle's road speed and rate of deceleration. Finally, the program alters the shift points to compensate for elevation above sea level. The driver always has the ability to shift gears directly, regardless of the PDK's program mode. While in the fully automatic mode, the manual gear selections made via the steering-wheel switches or paddles remain in effect for about eight seconds, depending on the vehicle's momentum and lateral acceleration. Porsches Sports Chrono Package Plus includes Launch Control and a special gearshift function for extremely dynamic driving. Launch Control delivers optimum acceleration regardless of conditions and is activated by pressing the Sports Plus button in the center console. For race-like starts, the driver holds down the brake pedal with his left foot while pressing the accelerator pedal with his right, revving the engine to about 6500 rpm. He then releases the brake, and PDK ensures minimal wheelspin with maximum torque. The Sports Chrono Package Plus with PDK also offers a gearshift strategy for extreme performance with shift points optimized for the track. Activated by the Sports Plus button, the PDK switches to the fastest possible reaction and gearshift times, twice as fast as on the Tiptronic S. When shifting up under full load, the engine is revved up to maximum speed with a brief overboost of power. And to optimize performance when downshifting, the transmission automatically applies extra gas in between shifts. Brakes Stopping What Goes Fast Inherent in the Porsche philosophy is that every Porsche must have braking power commensurate with its acceleration and top test-track speed capabilities. Therefore, all 911s are equipped with cross-drilled, internally vented four-wheel disc antilock brakes. The front brakes on the 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera 4 Coupes and Cabriolets, as well as the 911 Targa 4, have 12.99 inch by 1.1 inch (330 mm by 28 mm) rotors on all four corners. The S versions of these models have the same rear rotors, but the front discs are larger, measuring 12.99 inches by 1.34 inches (330 mm by 34 mm). In comparison, the 911 GT3, 911 GT3 RS and 911 Turbo front discs are 14.96 inches by 1.34 inches

(380 mm by 34 mm) and the rear discs measure 13.78 inches by 1.1 inches (350 mm by 28 mm). Four-piston, monobloc fixed calipers on all corners do the heavy work on the 911 Coupe, Cabriolet and Targa models, while the 911 GT3, 911 GT3 RS, Carrera GTS, the 911 Turbo, and Turbo S get six-piston monobloc calipers up front. Porsche's engineers increased caliper strength and stiffness by adding crossbars to the piston-bearing side units. Greater Stopping Power Available Driver's desiring even greater stopping performance than Porsche's already well-renowned braking can specify Porsche Ceramic Composite Brakes (PCCB), which are available as an option on 911s and are standard on the 911 Speedster, 911 GT2 RS and 911 Turbo S. Developed for the extreme use in motorsports, PCCB replaces the standard metal brake rotors with 13.78 inch (350 mm) ceramic discs. Besides delivering otherwise unobtainable levels of consistently superb braking performance under repeated heavy use, the ceramic rotors weigh approximately 50 percent less than the iron ones. PCCB reduces the car's unsprung mass by 34.4 pounds (15.6 kg). Reliable Vacuum Assist As with the brake systems on many cars, the 911 Carrera and 911 Targa models have vacuum-assisted braking. However, unlike most, the Porsches do not rely on intakemanifold vacuum for that assist. A mechanical vacuum pump driven by the right-hand cylinder bank's exhaust camshaft ensures a constant and reliable source of braking assist, regardless of ambient air pressure or steady open-throttle driving. No Heavy Spare To help reduce vehicle weight by 22 pounds (10 kg) and to save space, the 911 models have no spare tire, jack, or tire-changing tools. Instead they have a small electric air compressor and tire sealant, allowing the emergency repair of a small puncture. This gives the driver the safe opportunity to drive at speeds up to 50 mph (80 km/h) to have the tire properly replaced. Keeping Up the Pressure To ensure optimum safety, fuel economy and performance, Porsche engineers provide drivers with a safeguard against driving on a damaged or an under inflated tire: Porsches Tire Pressure Control system (TPC). This system uses sensors at each wheel to constantly monitor inflation pressures. The system offers the driver two levels of warning, should it detect a problem.

Suspension Sporty Handling = Active Safety Knowing full well that all vehicles are safest by avoiding an accident in the first place, Porsche's engineers understand that their cars' awesome dynamic abilities are as much of a safety feature as a performance attribute. To ensure both dynamic safety and an exhilarating driving experience, Porsche's engineers have continued to refine and enhance their cars' suspensions. All 911 models sit on a large, secure footprint. Porsche's engineers also specified a lightweight and technologically advanced suspension system and a low center of gravity for optimum agility and driver confidence assuring stability. Porsche's proven front suspension is a McPherson design with spring strut axles with separately mounted longitudinal and track control arms, conical stump springs with an inner damper, and twin-sleeve gas-pressurized dampers. The dampers on 911s with Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) feature active control. In the rear are Porsche's five-arm, spring-strut suspension with longitudinal and track control arms. The rear coil springs have co-axial, single-sleeve gas-pressure inner dampers. As in front, the rear dampers on the S models boast active control. Better Living through PASM As noted, the 911 Carrera S and 911 Carrera 4S Coupes and Cabriolets and the 911 Targa 4S, 911 Turbo, 911 Turbo S, 911 GT3, 911 GT3 RS, Carrera GTS and 911 GT2 RS come standard with Porsches advanced Active Suspension Management (PASM). This system is optional on the 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera 4 Coupes and Cabriolets and the 911 Targa 4. PASM suspension has refined springs and anti-roll bars for even greater comfort. Porsche's engineers were able to accomplish this by fine-tuning the PASM control function, delivering a smoother ride on bad roads in both the Normal and Sport modes with no degradation in handling. This electronically controlled suspension allows the driver to select either a Normal or Sport setting, depending on the driving situation and conditions. Besides allowing the choice of setups, PASM also lowers the car's ride height by about 0.4 inch (10 mm) as compared to the standard steel spring suspension. At the core of PASM are continuously adjustable dampers, a front and rear accelerometer, and a dedicated electronic control unit. The PASM controller receives data about the vertical movements of the car's body, as well as steering angle, vehicle speed, brake pressure, and engine torque.

The control unit then alters oil flow within the dampers to constantly provide the optimum firmness for the conditions and driver's desire. The system's active dampers have a similar structure as standard shock absorbers but incorporate an electronically controlled internal bypass valve that increases or reduces oil flow as needed. More than merely a two-setting suspension, PASM automatically adjusts to the driver's style. If left in Normal mode, PASM will gradually increase the suspension's firmness if the car is driven with greater enthusiasm, generating higher dynamic forces. Rapid and sudden steering movements indicate to the control unit an immediate need to increase damper forces on both axles to reduce swaying or rocking. By monitoring vertical motions of the body, the system can firm the dampers in Normal mode as reaction to a rough road, minimizing rocking. However, in Sport mode, the same motions alert the controller to reduce the damping forces to ensure that the wheels remain in contact with the road and increase ride comfort. When the driver steps on the brakes, PASM firms the dampers to reduce body dive and, as the braking sequence continues, adjusts to softer damping with different forces front and rear to ensure solid tire-to-surface contact even on broken pavement or rough roads and to minimize stopping distance. PASM also controls body squat during full-throttle acceleration. As the driver may briefly lift off from the throttle during gear shifts, PASM instantly adjusts firmness at front and rear axles to compensate for the brief change in loads. In Normal mode, PASM increases damping to prevent excess squat. In Sport mode, the damping is softened to improve traction The Sports Suspension Porsche engineers have also configured a special PASM variant that is intended for serious and skilled enthusiast driver. The new PASM sports suspension gives the car a firm, at the same time lowering the entire vehicle by 0.79 inches (20 mm) compared to the normal PASM suspension. Compared with a passive system, this suspension improves both handling performance and comfort. The active sports suspension is available together with the mechanical limited-slip differential, and either the manual gearbox or PDK.
Stability is Standard Porsche 911 models are equipped with enhanced Porsche Stability Management (PSM) as standard equipment. For the newest models, PSM now adds both Brake Pre-Filling and Brake Assistant, previously reserved for Porsche's all-wheel drive vehicles. PSM is a computerized system that relies on data from an assortment of sensors to help maintain the car's intended path as the driver pushes it to the edges of its dynamic limits. By comparing movement of the individual wheels, vehicle speed and engine speed, PSM can determine that the car may be beginning to slip sideways or that a tire is losing traction and beginning to spin. To rein the car back under the driver's control, PSM applies individual brake force to a slipping wheel. If more drastic measures are required, PSM works with the engine control module to reduce engine power briefly. PSM is programmed to intervene less quickly when the car is moving below 45 mph (70 km/h) to allow the driver more latitude. PSM uses advanced anti-lock brake sensors that take their readings from multipole seats fitted directly on the wheel bearings. These signals allow more precise processing and control than other types. Instead of conventional shaft valves, linear solenoid valves adjust brake pressure with nearly infinite precision. To provide pressure more quickly, an advanced hydraulic pump is used, thus eliminating the need for a pre-charging pump and its connections. Besides helping ensure stability, PSM boasts new functions. Critical among them is Brake PreFilling which can shorten stopping distances in an emergency. Whenever the driver lifts off the gas pedal abruptly, the system instantly pumps brake fluid from the hydraulic PSM control unit to the brake calipers, placing the pads lightly against the rotors before the driver's foot actually hits the brake pedal. The refined PSM also now has Brake Assistant which helps drivers apply full braking force when needed. If the driver hits the brake pedal hard, but not with full force, PSM instructs the hydraulic pump to apply the rest, right up to the ABS threshold. Like all Porsche dynamic safety-enhancement systems, the enhanced PSM does not interfere with a skilled enthusiast's pleasure. If the driver doesn't increase his pressure on the brake pedal past a certain point, the additional pressure built up by the system is reduced. Critically, the pressure booster does not always cut in. And true to Porsche's philosophy that the driver should always be in command of the vehicle, PSM can be switched off by the driver, unlike some other systems.

When deactivated, the enhanced PSM remains off until the driver firmly hits the brake pedal, reaching the ABS threshold on at least one front wheel. This allows the skilled enthusiast driver more dynamic freedom. As with other Porsche performance-enhancing technologies, PSM is non-intrusive, never abruptly wrestling control of the car from the driver. Sport Chrono Package Plus The optional Sport Chrono Package Plus feature is available as an option with either the manual gearbox or PDK transmission. This enhancement package brings specific control maps to the engine management system and Porsche Stability Management (PSM), as well as to Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) and PDK on vehicles so equipped. The engine control maps strongly favor performance over comfort and provide even quicker engine response, not only on deployment but also on release of the throttle. This helps the PDK shift even more aggressively. Stability thresholds allow more lateral slip before the ABS and PSM intervene. On those cars with PASM, that system switches to its firmer setting to provide more agility in cornering. However, in some instances, such as on wet pavement, a softer suspension setting can be advantageous so the driver using Sport Chrono can press the PASM button to return to the normal damper settings. The Sport Chrono package also includes a digital/analog stopwatch and lap-counting function. Variable-Ratio Steering The 911 models come with standard variable-ratio rack-and-pinion steering. This both increases agility and stability at higher speed maneuvers and reduces steering effort at slow speeds. When the steering wheel is turned within 30 degrees of center, the ratio provides a smooth and calm driving experience, even on rough surfaces. However, when the steering wheel angle exceeds 30 degrees, the ratio becomes more direct, reducing lock-to-lock from 2.98 to 2.62 turns. This gives the driver better control both on winding roads and in slow-speed parking maneuvers. In addition to the variable ratio technology, the steering columns tilt and telescope. The wheel can be adjusted by 1.57 inches (40 mm) in height and reach. Incorporated in the steering system is an electric steering wheel lock as part of the cars antitheft immobilizer.
Safe by Design Thanks to the high- and ultra-high-strength steel as well as the sophisticated spot-welding and bonding techniques used during their manufacture, the 911 bodies are torsionally rigid and extremely flex resistant while still being lightweight. Particular attention was paid in designing and engineering the junction of the A-pillars and the roof frame, as well as the safety structure involved in head-on and offset collisions, including the transition between the door and B-pillars. Forces in a collision can be transferred through the door, around the passenger compartment to the rear of the car. A bulkhead crossbar at the front of the car is made from high-strength boron steel and special assembly processes were developed to minimize intrusion or into the foot well in an offset collision. Six Airbags with POSIP Occupants are protected by six airbags in the event of a collision. There are two front-impact airbags; two front seat-mounted, thorax protecting, side-impact airbags; and the two curtainstyle, door-mounted, side-impact airbags that are part of the Porsche Side Impact Protection (POSIP) system. The frontal airbags are full-size, two-stage front units featuring an organic-based propellant. This propellant reduces the stored airbags' size and weight, and aids in their recyclability. The front passenger seat features sensors that accommodate child safety seats. Should the sensors detect a child sitting in that seat, the airbag is deactivated. The POSIP boasts head airbags that deploy upward from their housings in the door windowsills. These airbags provide a flat cushion that inflates to nearly 500 cu.-in. (8 liters) and are designed to help protect the heads of the driver and front-seat passenger from broken glass and objects that might enter through the window in the event of an accident. ###