DIGITAL PIANO Model HP 147R

MIDI Implementation

Sostenuto (Controller number 66)
Status 2nd byte 3rd byte BnH 42H vvH * These message can affect only MIDI notes.
Date: Oct. 5, 2000 Version: 1.00

1. Receive Data

Channel Voice Messages

Note off

Status 8nH 9nH 2nd byte kkH kkH 3rd byte vvH 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H-7FH (0-127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON * These message can affect only MIDI notes.
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) kk = note number: 00H-7FH (0-127) vv = note off velocity: 00H-7FH (0-127) * The velocity values of Note Off messages are ignored.
Soft (Controller number 67)
Status BnH 2nd byte 43H 3rd byte vvH

Note on

Status 9nH 2nd byte kkH 3rd byte vvH
Effect 1 (Reverb Send Level) (Controller number 91)
Status BnH 2nd byte 5BH 3rd byte vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) kk = note number: 00H-7FH (0-127) vv = note on velocity: 01H-7FH (1-127) * * Note numbers outside the range of 15-113 are transposed to the nearest octave within this range. Transpose function does not affect the recognized note numbers.
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H-7FH (0-127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON
RPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 100, 101)
Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 65H 64H 3rd byte mmH llH

Control Change

* The value specified by a Control Change message will not be reset even by a Program Change, etc.
Data Entry (Controller number 6, 38)
Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 06H 26H 3rd byte mmH llH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm = upper byte of parameter number specified by RPN (MSB) ll = lower byte of parameter number specified by RPN (LSB) * The value specified by RPN will not be reset even by messages such as Program Change or Reset All Controller.
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm, ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN mm = upper byte (MSB), ll= lower byte (LSB)
Volume (Controller number 7)
Status BnH 2nd byte 07H 3rd byte vvH
**RPN** The RPN (Registered Parameter Number) messages are expanded control changes, and each function of an RPN is described by the MIDI Standard. To use these messages, you must first use RPN MSB and RPN LSB messages to specify the parameter to be controlled, and then use Data Entry messages to specify the value of the specified parameter. Once an RPN parameter has been specified, all Data Entry messages received on that channel will modify the value of that parameter. To prevent accidents, it is recommended that you set RPN Null (RPN Number = 7FH/7FH) when you have finished setting the value of the desired parameter. On the HP 147R, RPN can be used to modify the following parameters. RPN MSB LSB 00H 01H Data entry MSB LSB mmH llH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Volume: 00H-7FH (0-127), Initial Value = 7FH (127) * Received volume messages affect received note event levels, and cannot affect internal keyboard notes.

Expression (Controller number 11)
Status BnH 2nd byte 0BH 3rd byte vvH 7FH 7FH --- ---
Explanation Master Fine Tuning mm, ll: 00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-100 - 0 - +99.99 cents), Initial Value = 40 00H (0 cent) RPN null Set condition where RPN and NRPN are unspecified. The data entry messages after set RPN null will be ignored. (No Data entry messages are required after RPN null). Settings already made will not change. mm, ll: ignored
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Expression: 00H-7FH (0-127), Initial Value = 7FH (127) * These message can affect only MIDI notes.
Hold 1 (Controller number 64)
Status BnH 2nd byte 40H 3rd byte vvH
Copyright 2000 ROLAND CORPORATION All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of ROLAND CORPORATION.

Program Change

Status CnH 2nd byte ppH

Channel Mode Messages

Reset All Controllers (Controller number 121)
Status BnH 2nd byte 79H 3rd byte 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) pp = Program number: 00H.24H (prog.1.prog. 37) Received program change message are assigned as follows. prog. 37 * * * tone Piano Harpsichord Electric Piano Pipe Organ Strings Piano + Harpsichord Piano + Electric Piano Piano + Pipe Organ Piano + Strings Harpsichord + Electric Piano Harpsichord + Pipe Organ Harpsichord + Strings Electric Piano + Pipe Organ Electric Piano + Strings Pipe Organ + Strings
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) * When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset values. Reset value 127 (max) 0 (off) 0 (off) 0 (off)
Controller Expression Hold 1 Sostenuto Soft
Local Control (Controller number 122)
Status BnH 2nd byte 7AH 3rd byte vvH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16) vv = Value: 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON
All Notes Off (Controller number 123)
Status BnH 2nd byte 7BH 3rd byte 00H
11-37 are in Dual Play mode. Any Program Number other than those listed above that are received by the HP 147R are ignored. After a Program Change message is received, the sound will change beginning with the next Note-on. Voices already sounding when the Program Change message was received will not be affected.
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) * When All Notes Off is received, all notes on the corresponding channel will be turned off. However if Hold 1 or Sostenuto is ON, the sound will be continued until these are turned off.
OMNI OFF (Controller number 124)
Status BnH 2nd byte 7CH 3rd byte 00H

n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) * The instrument will behave in the same way as it does when an All Notes Off message is received. The mode will be OMNI OFF, POLY (Mode 3).
OMNI ON (Controller number 125)
Status BnH 2nd byte 7DH 3rd byte 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) * The instrument will behave in the same way as it does when an All Notes Off message is received. The mode will be OMNI ON, POLY (Mode 1).
MONO (Controller number 126)
Status BnH 2nd byte 7EH 3rd byte mmH
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm = mono number: 00H-10H (0-16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received.
POLY (Controller number 127)
Status BnH 2nd byte 7FH 3rd byte 00H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received.

System Realtime Message

Active Sensing
Status FEH * When Active Sensing is received, the unit will begin monitoring the intervals of all further messages. While monitoring, if the interval between messages exceeds 360 msec, the same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off and Reset All Controllers are received, and message interval monitoring will be halted.

2. Transmit Data

Status 8nH 2nd byte kkH 3rd byte 40H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) kk = note number: 0FH-71H (15-113)

System Exclusive Message

Status F0H Data byte iiH, ddH,.,eeH Status F7H
F0H: System Exclusive Message status ii = ID number: an ID number (manufacturer ID) to indicate the manufacturer whose Exclusive message this is. Rolands manufacturer ID is 41H. ID numbers 7EH and 7FH are extensions of the MIDI standard; Universal Non-realtime Messages (7EH) and Universal Realtime Messages (7FH). dd,.,ee = data: 00H-7FH (0-127) F7H: EOX (End Of Exclusive) The System Exclusive Messages received by the HP 147R are; Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive messages, and Data Set (DT1).
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) kk = note number: 0FH-71H (15-113) vv = note on velocity: 01H-7FH (1-127) * Note numbers range can be changed with Key Transpose.
Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive Messages

Identity Request Message

Status F0H Byte FOH 7FH dev 06H 01H F7H * * Data byte 7FH, dev, 06H, 01H Status F7H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm, ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN mm = upper byte (MSB), ll= lower byte (LSB)

Explanation Exclusive status ID number (universal non-realtime message) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Sub ID#1 (General Information) Sub ID#2 (Identity Request) EOX (End Of Exclusive)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON
Status BnH 2nd byte 42H 3rd byte vvH
The dev is own device number (UNIT#-1) or 7FH (Broadcast). UNIT# is always the same as the current MIDI Tx/Rx channel.

Data transmission

HP 147R can transmit and receive the various parameters using System Exclusive messages. The exclusive message of HP 147R data has a model ID of 1AH, and device ID is defined by MIDI UNIT NUMBER. UNIT NUMBER is always the same as the current MIDI Tx/Rx channel.

Data set 1 DT1

This is the message that actually performs data transmission, and is used when you wish to transmit the data. Status F0H Byte F0H 41H dev 1AH 12H aaH bbH ddH sum F7H * * * Data byte 41H, dev, 1AH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ddH, sum Status F7H
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1 - ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON
Explanation Exclusive status ID number (Roland) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Model ID (HP 147R) Command ID (DT1) Address MSB: upper byte of the starting address of the transmitted data Address LSB: lower byte of the starting address of the transmitted data Data: the actual data to be transmitted. Checksum EOX (End Of Exclusive)
n = MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16) vv = Control value: 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm = upper byte of parameter number specified by RPN ll = lower byte of parameter number specified by RPN
If Data Set 1 is transmitted successively, there must be an interval of at least 40 msec between packets. Regarding the address please refer to 3. Parameter Address Map. Regarding the checksum please refer to 4. Supplementary material.
**RPN** HP 147R can transmit Master fine tuning (RPN #1) and RPN null. After sending the master fine tune, immediately the RPN Null shall be sent. RPN MSB LSB 00H 01H Data entry MSB LSB mmH llH

Status F0H Byte F0H 41H dev 1AH 12H aaH bbH ddH sum F7H * * Data byte 41H, dev, 1AH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ddH, sum Status F7H
Explanation Master Fine Tuning mm, ll: 00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-100 - 0 - +99.9 cents) RPN null

7FH 7FH

--- ---
n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16) pp = Program number: 00H.24H (prog.1.prog. 37) * For the correspondence between Program Change numbers and Tones, please refer to Program Change in 1. Receive Data.
Explanation Exclusive status ID number (Roland) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Model ID (HP 147R) Command ID (DT1) Address MSB: upper byte of the starting address of the data to be sent Address LSB: lower byte of the starting address of the data to be sent. Data: the actual data to be sent. Checksum EOX (End Of Exclusive)
Regarding the address please refer to 3. Parameter Address Map. Regarding the checksum please refer to 4. Supplementary material.

Active sensing

Status FEH * This will be transmitted constantly at intervals of approximately 210 msec.
3. Parameter Address Map (Model ID = 1AH)
All the numbers of address, size, Data, and Default Value are indicated in 7-bit Hexadecimal-form. ++ | Address (H)| Description | | |+| | | 00-7F | Reverb Type | | | | 00H 0FH: Type 1 | | | | 10H 1FH: Type 2 | | | | 20H 2FH: Type 3 | | | | 30H 3FH: Type 4 | | | | 40H 4FH: Type 5 | | | | 50H 5FH: Type 6 | | | | 60H 6FH: Type 7 | | | | 70H 7FH: Type 8 | +++
System exclusive messages
Identity Reply and Data Set 1 (DT1) are the only System Exclusive messages transmitted by HP 147R. The exclusive message of HP 147R data has a model ID of 1AH, and device ID is defined by MIDI UNIT NUMBER. UNIT NUMBER is always the same as the current MIDI Tx/Rx channel.

Identity Reply

Status F0H Data byte 7EH, dev, 06H, 02H, 41H, 1AH, 00H, 04H, 02H, 04H, 01H, 00H, 00H Explanation Exclusive status ID number (universal non-realtime message) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Sub ID#1 (General Information) Sub ID#2 (Identity Reply) ID number (Roland) Device family code (LSB) Device family code (MSB) Device family number code (LSB) Device family number code (MSB) Software revision level EOX (End of Exclusive) Status F7H
Byte F0H 7EH dev 06H 02H 41H 1AH 00H 04H 02H 04H 01H 00H 00H F7H *
When Identity Request is received, Identity Reply message will be transmitted.
4. Supplementary material
Decimal and Hexadecimal table
In MIDI documentation, data values and addresses/sizes of exclusive messages etc. are expressed as hexadecimal values for each 7 bits. The following table shows how these correspond to decimal numbers. +-+++++++++++ | Dec.| Hex.|| Dec.| Hex.|| Dec.| Hex.|| Dec.| Hex.| ++++++++++++ | 0 | 00H || 32 | 20H || 64 | 40H || 96 | 60H | | 1 | 01H || 33 | 21H || 65 | 41H || 97 | 61H | | 2 | 02H || 34 | 22H || 66 | 42H || 98 | 62H | | 3 | 03H || 35 | 23H || 67 | 43H || 99 | 63H | | 4 | 04H || 36 | 24H || 68 | 44H || 100 | 64H | | 5 | 05H || 37 | 25H || 69 | 45H || 101 | 65H | | 6 | 06H || 38 | 26H || 70 | 46H || 102 | 66H | | 7 | 07H || 39 | 27H || 71 | 47H || 103 | 67H | | 8 | 08H || 40 | 28H || 72 | 48H || 104 | 68H | | 9 | 09H || 41 | 29H || 73 | 49H || 105 | 69H | | 10 | 0AH || 42 | 2AH || 74 | 4AH || 106 | 6AH | | 11 | 0BH || 43 | 2BH || 75 | 4BH || 107 | 6BH | | 12 | 0CH || 44 | 2CH || 76 | 4CH || 108 | 6CH | | 13 | 0DH || 45 | 2DH || 77 | 4DH || 109 | 6DH | | 14 | 0EH || 46 | 2EH || 78 | 4EH || 110 | 6EH | | 15 | 0FH || 47 | 2FH || 79 | 4FH || 111 | 6FH | | 16 | 10H || 48 | 30H || 80 | 50H || 112 | 70H | | 17 | 11H || 49 | 31H || 81 | 51H || 113 | 71H | | 18 | 12H || 50 | 32H || 82 | 52H || 114 | 72H | | 19 | 13H || 51 | 33H || 83 | 53H || 115 | 73H | | 20 | 14H || 52 | 34H || 84 | 54H || 116 | 74H | | 21 | 15H || 53 | 35H || 85 | 55H || 117 | 75H | | 22 | 16H || 54 | 36H || 86 | 56H || 118 | 76H | | 23 | 17H || 55 | 37H || 87 | 57H || 119 | 77H | | 24 | 18H || 56 | 38H || 88 | 58H || 120 | 78H | | 25 | 19H || 57 | 39H || 89 | 59H || 121 | 79H | | 26 | 1AH || 58 | 3AH || 90 | 5AH || 122 | 7AH | | 27 | 1BH || 59 | 3BH || 91 | 5BH || 123 | 7BH | | 28 | 1CH || 60 | 3CH || 92 | 5CH || 124 | 7CH | | 29 | 1DH || 61 | 3DH || 93 | 5DH || 125 | 7DH | | 30 | 1EH || 62 | 3EH || 94 | 5EH || 126 | 7EH | | 31 | 1FH || 63 | 3FH || 95 | 5FH || 127 | 7FH | ++++++++++++ * * Decimal values such as MIDI channel and program change are listed as one (1) greater than the values given in the above table. A 7-bit byte can express data in the range of 128 steps. For data where greater precision is required, we must use two or more bytes. For example, two hexadecimal numbers aa bbH expressing two 7-bit bytes would indicate a value of aa x 128 + bb.

Example of an Exclusive message and calculating a Checksum
Roland Exclusive messages (DT1) are transmitted with a checksum at the end (before F7) to make sure that the message was correctly received. The value of the checksum is determined by the address and data of the transmitted exclusive message.
How to calculate the checksum (hexadecimal numbers are indicated by H)
The checksum is a value derived by adding the address, size and checksum itself and inverting the lower 7 bits. Heres an example of how the checksum is calculated. We will assume that in the exclusive message we are transmitting, the address is aa bb and the data or size is ccH. aa + bb + cc = sum sum / 128 = quotient. remainder 128 - remainder = checksum
<Example> Set Reverb Type to Type 4
According to the Parameter Address Map, the Address of Reverb Type is 01 03H, and the Value corresponding to Type 4 is 30H. So, the message should be: F0 (1) 41 (2) 00 (3) 1A (4) 12 (5) address 30 data ?? checksum F7 (6)
(1) Exclusive Status, (2) ID (Roland), (3) Device ID (UNIT#-1), (4) Model ID (HP 147R), (5) Command ID (DT1), (6) End of Exclusive * UNIT NUMBER is always the same as the current MIDI Tx/Rx channel. In this example, the MIDI Tx/Rx channel is 1.
Next we calculate the checksum. 01H + 03H + 30H = 1 + 3 + 48 = 52 (sum) 52 (sum) 128 = 0 (quotient) 52 (remainder) checksum = 128 - 52 (remainder) = 76 = 4CH Therefore, the message to send is: F00 1A 4C F7
<Example 1> What is the decimal expression of 5AH?
From the preceding table, 5AH = 90
<Example 2> What is the decimal expression of the value 12 34H given as hexadecimal for each 7 bits?
From the preceding table, since 12H = 18 and 34H = x 128 + 52 = 2356

About tuning

HP 147R is tuned by sending RPN #1 (Master Fine Tuning) to the appropriate MIDI Rx channel. RPN #1 allows tuning to be specified in steps of approximately 0.012 cents (to be precise, 100/8192 cent). One cent is 1/100th of a semi-tone. Frequently used tuning values are given in the following table for your reference. Values are in hexadecimal (decimal in parentheses). ++++ |Hz at A4| cent | RPN #1 | ++++ | 445.0 | +19.56 | 4C 43 (+1603)| | 444.0 | +15.67 | 4A 03 (+1283)| | 443.0 | +11.76 | (+ 964)| | 442.0 | + 7.85 | (+ 643)| | 441.0 | + 3.93 | (+ 322)| | 440.0 | 0 | ( 0 )| | 439.0 | 3.94 | 3D 3D ( 323)| | 438.0 | 7.89 | 3A 7A ( 646)| ++++
Examples of actual MIDI messages
<Example 1> 92 3E 5F
9n is the Note-on status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since 2H = 2, 3EH = 62, and 5FH = 95, this is a Note-on message with MIDI CH = 3, note number 62 (note name is D4), and velocity 95.

<Example 2> CE 08

CnH is the Program Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since EH = 14 and 08H = 08, this is a Program Change message with MIDI CH = 15, program number 08 (Strings in HP 147R).
<Example 3> B7F 65 7F
BnH is the Control Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. For Control Changes, the 2nd byte is the control number, and the 3rd byte is the value. In a case in which two or more messages consecutive messages have the same status, MIDI has a provision called running status which allows the status byte of the second and following messages to be omitted. Thus, the above messages have the following meaning. B3 (B3) (B3) (B3) (B3) (B3) 64 7F 65 7F MIDI ch.4, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (MIDI ch.4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H (MIDI ch.4) upper byte of parameter value: 40H (MIDI ch.4) lower byte of parameter value: 00H (MIDI ch.4) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (MIDI ch.4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH
<Example> Set the tuning of HP 147R to A4 = 442.0 Hz
Send RPN#1 to basic channel. From the above table, the value is 45 03H. If the MIDI Tx/Rx channel is set to ch.1, below is the message we transmit. B0 (B0) (B0) (B0) (B0) (B0) 64 7F 65 7F MIDI ch.1, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (MIDI ch.1) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H (MIDI ch.1) upper byte of parameter value: 45H (MIDI ch.1) lower byte of parameter value: 03H (MIDI ch.1) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (MIDI ch.1) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH
In other words, the above messages specify a value of 40 00H for RPN parameter number 00 01H (Master Fine Tuning) on MIDI channel 4, and then set the RPN parameter number to 7F 7FH (RPN null). Once the parameter number has been specified for RPN, all Data Entry messages transmitted on that same channel will be valid, so after the desired value has been transmitted, it is a good idea to set the parameter number to 7F 7FH to prevent accidents. This is the reason for the (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F at the end.