i_,_ode_ No, 580.327700

20oo Watt

A-C Gr_erator

CAUTION: Before using product, read this manual follow all Safety Rules Operating Instructions and

this and

HOURS:
Mon. - Fri, 8 a.m. to 5 p_m, (CST)

SEARS,

Part No

ROEBUCK

Hoffman

Estates,

U.S.Ao

9964 Draft I (3113197)

SAFETY RULES ASSEMBLY OPERATION MAINTENANCE SERVICE AND ADJUSTtvtENTS

2-3 4. 5-8 9-t0 11

STORAGE TROUBLESHOOTING REPLACEMENT PARTS HOW TO ORDER PARTS.

13-19 BACK PAGE

"" L_MtTED ONE Y=AR

WARRANTY

Cr_AF __MAN ON. '=. '

GENERATOR

For one year from the date of purchase, when tMs Craftsman Generator is maintained and operated according to the instructions in the owner's manual, Sears will repair, free of charge, any defect in materiai and workmanship if this generator is used for commercial purposes, this walranty applies lor only 90 days from the date of pur.chase If [his Generator is used for rental purposes, this warranty applies for only 30 days after date of pur.chase This warranty does not cover: Expendable items such as spark plugs and air filters, whictq become worn during normal use o Repairs necessary because of operator abuse or negligence, ing to the instructions contained in the owner's manual WARRANTY SERVICE IS AVAILABLE BY RETURNING THE STORE OR OTHER CRAFTSMAN OUTLET IN THE UNITED This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also state. including failure to maintain the equipment accord. GENERATOR TO THE NEAREST SEARS STATES. have other rights, which vary from state to
AND CO,, D1817 WA, Hoffman

1L 60I79

CAUTION: Always disconnect spark plug wire and place the wire where it cannot contact the spai'k plug. To prevent accidental starting when setting up, transport#_g, adjustinc_ or makin_ rep_irs to your Generator. DANGER: This generato[ is designed for outdoor use only. Do not use this genel'ator inside a_y building m' enclosure including the generatm" compartment of a recreational vehicle (RV). Fire of an eY, losion may result. No user' performed modifications, includi_'_g ve_'_tincjof exhaR._standi'ot' cook p ing ventilation, will eliminate the danger. Also, allow at least b._o feet of clearance on all sides of the generator even while operating the unit outdoors. CAUTION: Before using this p_oduct, read this manual and follow all Safety Rules and Operating Instructions The National Electric Code requires the frame and external electrically conductive parts of generator be properly connected to an approved earth ground Local electricai codes may also require proper grounding of the generator Consult with a local electrician for grounding requirements in your area. Use a ground fault circuit interrupter it1any damp or highly conductive area (such as metal decking or steel work) Do riot _.tseany worn, bare, frayed or otherwise damaged electrical cord sets with the generator. Using any defective cord set may result in electrical shock or damage to equipment and!or property. Operate generator only on level surfaces and where, it will not be exposed to excessive moisture, dirt, dust or co_rosiva vapors,

o The generator produces dangerously high voltage that can cause extremely [_azardouselectrical shock Avoid contact with bare wires, terminals, etc, Never permit any unqualified person to operate or service the generator. Never handle any kind of electrical cord or device while standing in water, while barefoot or while hands or feet are wet. Dangerous electrical shock wilt result
Gasoline highlyFLAMMABLE is anditsvapors are EXPLOSIVE Donotpermit moking, flames, s open sparks r heatin thevicinity hilehandling o w gasoline Avoid spilling gasolinena hotengineComply o with alttaws regulating storagendhandling a ofgasoline , Donot verfill o thefueitank Nways
allow room for fuel expansion li tank is overfilled, iuet can overflow onto a hot engine and cause FIRE or an E>(PLOSION
o, Never start, or stop, the engine-generator with electrical loads connected to receptacles with the connected devices turned ON Start the engine and let it stabilize before connecting electrical loads Disconnecl all electrical loads before shutting down the generator ,, Do not insert any object through cooling slots of the engineogenerator You could damage the unil or injure yourself Never operate generalor {a) in rain, (b) in any enclosed compartment; (c) ii engine speed changes; (d) if connected electrical devices overheat; (e) if electrical output is lost; (f) if engine or generator sparks; (g} if flame or smoke is observed while unit is running; (h) if unit vibrates excessively Note: In the State of Cafifornia a spark arrestor is required by law (Section 4442 of the California Public Resources Code) Other states may have similar taws Federal taws apply on federal lands Note: If you equip the engine of your Generator with a spark arrestor muffler, the spark arrestor must be maintained in effective working order by the owner/operator You can order a spark arrestor (part # 398067) through your Sears Service Center
, Never store generator with fuet in tank where gasoline vapors might reach an open ltame or spark or pilot tigh! (as on a furnace, water healer ol clothes dryer) FIRE or an EXPLOSION might result , Generator exhaust gases contain DEADLY carbon monoxide gas- This dangerous gas, if breathed in sufficient concentrations, can cause unconsciousness or even death Operate this equipment only in the open air where adequate ventilation is available ,, The engine-generator requires an adequate flow ol cooling air for its continued proper operation Never operate the unit inside any room or enclosure where the free flow of cooling air into and out of the unit might be obstructed Without sufficienl cooling air flow, the unil quickly overheats, damaging the generator or nearby property, ,_ Allow at least 2 feet of clearance on all sides d generator, even while operating unit outdoors, or you could damage the unit.

LOOK FOR "ATFENTION!!! THIS SYtVtBOL BECOME ALERT!!! YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED." TO POINT OUT IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS, tT MEANS

CARTON

CON'TENTS

120-VOLT

Tt_e following parts are shipped loose with your Generator: " o Main Unit -- Generator with wheels and guide handle Wire Form
Use only high qualibi, weIFinsutated, extension cords with the generator's 120-volt type electrical receptacles

.,y ,.

120--volt Receptacles.
o Battery Charge Cabtes Become familiar with each piece before assembling the Generator Check all contents against the illustration on Page 6 If any parts are missing or damaged, call the Gene_atoI Helpline at t-800-222-3136.
TO REMOVE GENERATOR CARTON
o Remove loose parts included with Generator Slice two corners at guide handle end of carton from lop to bottom so the panel can be folded down flat, then remove all packing material Raise guide handle and secure in place Loosen knobs to raise handle,,
Check the ratings of all extension co_ds before you use them Extension cord sets used should be rated 125 volts at 15 ac amps or greater for most electrical devices Some devices, however', may not require this type of exfension cord Check the owner's manuals of those devices for the manufacturer's recornmendations Keep extension cords as short as possible, preferably less than 15 feet long to prevent voltage d{op and possible overheating of wires

GROUNDING

THE GENERATOR.

_ "t

Tighten

when handle is straight.

i-._. Remove the unit by rolling it out the opening in the carton, then check carton for additional loose parts
The National Electrical Code requires that the frame and external electrically conductive parts of this generator be properly connected to an approved earth ground Local electrical codes may also require proper grounding of the unit. Foe that purpose, a grounding wing nut is provided on top of base plate
HOW TO SET LIP YOUR GENERATOR

For the most part, your Craftsman Generator has been assembled at the factory You must, however, attach the wire form o Insert the wire support Generally, connecting a No !2 AWG (American Wire Gauge) stranded copper wire to the grounding lug and to an earth-driven copper or brass grounding rod (electrode) provides adequate p_otection against electrical shock However, local codes may vary widely. Consult with a local electrician for grounding requirements in your area Propel grounding of generator wilt help prevent electrical shock in the event of a ground fault condition in the generator or in connected electrical devices Proper grounding also helps dissipate static electricity, which often builds up in ungrounded devices.

KNOW YOUR GENERATOR

Bead the ot_t her I s rnanuat and safer 3, rut_s before op_ratin_ your ggnerator Compare the illustrations with your Generator to familiarize yourself with the locations d various controls and adjustments Save this manual for future reference

Guide Handte Form

H.P, Engine

Drain P_ug

DC Receptacle

120 Volts Rece

15-AMP

AC Circuit

Breaker
t20 VOLTS RECEPTACLES _ May be used to supply electrical power for the operation of t20 volts at I5 amps ac, single phase, 60 Hz, ac electrical lighting, appliance, tool and motor toads RECOIL STARTER -- Used Ior starting the engine manually. 15-AMP AC CIRCUIT BREAKER _ Protects the generator against electrical overload Breaker is push to reset
AIR CLEANER -- Filters intake air as it is drawn through the engine. 5.5 H P, ENGINE -- Provides the power needed to generate 2000 watts of AC output 12-VOLTS DC RECEPTACLE _ Recharge a discharged 12 vofts automotive type battery through this receptacle FUEL TANK _ Tank holds quarts of unleaded gasoline

HOW TO USE YOUR

If necessary, cfean battery posts or terminals. Connectbatterychargecable connector plug to panef receptacle identifiedby the.,'_erds tz-VOL I b 12-VOLT D_C.
IF YOU HAVE ANY PROBLEMS operating your Generator, please call the Generator helpline at t-800.222-3136

CONNECTING

ELECTRICAL
Use this generator to operate t20 volts, single phase, 60 Hz, ac lighting, appliance, tool and motor loads o DO NOT connect 240 volts to 120 volts outlets. DO NOT connect any 3-phase loads to panel receptacles ,, DO NOT connect any 50 Hz loads to the generato_
Add up rated watts of all lights, tool, appliance and motor loads you are powering at one lime This total should NOT be greater than (a) generator's rated wattage capacity, or (b) circuit breaker [ating of the receptacle supplying power See "Don't Overload the Generator" on Page 8
o Connect battery charge cable clamp with red handle to bat. tery post el terminal indicated by a POSITIVE, POS or (+). Connect batterycharge cable clamp with black handle to battery post or terminal indicatedby a NEGATIVE, NEG, or (-)

CHARGING

A BATTERY

,&

WARNING: Storage Batteries give off explosive gas while charging. An explosive mixture will remain around a battery for a long time after it has been charged. The slightest spark can ignite the gas and cause an explosion. Such an ezpiosion can shatter the battery and cause blindness or other serious injury. WARNING: DO NOT uermit smoking, ope_ flame, sparks or any other source of heat around a battery. DO NOR use a lighter or other flame for checldng battery fluid levels. We arprotective goggles, rubber apror_ andrubber gDoves when working around a battery. Battery electrolyte fluid is an extremely caustic sulfuric acid solution that can cause severe burns. DO NOT permit fluid contact with eyes, skin, c6othing, etc. If spill occurs, flush area with clear water immediately.
,, Start engine see "To Start the Engine" on Page 7) Let the engine run while battery recharges. ,' When battery has charged, shut down engine (see "Stopping the Engine" below) NOTE: Use an automotive hydrometer to test-battery state of charge and condition. Follow the hydrometer manufactureCs instructions carefully. Generally, a battery is considered to be at !00% state of charge when specific gravity of its fluid (as measured by hydrometer) is 1.260 or highel'o -_ _OPPQNG THE ENGINE
Your generator has the capability of recharging a discharged 12-vott automotive or utility style storage battery. Do not usei the unit to charge any 6-volt batteries. Do not use the unit to crank an engine having a discharged battery. To recharge 12-vottbatteries, proceed as follows: ,, Check fluid level in all battery cells, if necessary, add ONLY distilled water to cover separators in battery cells, Do Not Use Tap Water, o If the battery is equipped with vent caps, make sure they ate installed and are tight,

Unplug all electrical loads from generator panel receptacles. Never start or stop engine with electrical devices plugged in and turned on. o Let engine run at no-load for several minutes to stabilize the internal temperatures of engine and generatot Move stop switch to "OflF position,

BEFORE

STAF_'r0NG THE GEt,,_ER_'TOR
To operate tile engine you will need to dc_the following: ENGINE OiL
Note: When adding oit to the engine crankcase in the future, use only high quality detergenl oil rated with API service classification SF and SG rated SAE 30 weight Use no special additives Select the oil's viscosity grade according to your expected operating temperature colder _ 32'F _ warmer 5W30 SAE 30 I
IMPORTANT: It is irnportan_ to prevent gurr, deposits from forming in essential fuel system parts such as the carburetor, fuel filter, fuel hose or tank during storage Also, experience indicates that aicohot-bfended fuels (called gasohol, ethanol or methanol) can attract moisture which leads to separation and formation ol acids during storage Acidic gas can damage the fuel system of an engine while in storage To avoid engine problems, the fuel system should be emptied before, storage of 30 days or longer Drain the gas tanlq start the engine and let it run until the fuel lines and carburetol are empty Use fresh fuel next season See "Storage" Instructions on page 1 ! for additional information Never use engine or carburetor cleaner products in the fuel tank or permanent damage may occur Clean area around fuel fill cap, remove cap o Add "UNLEADED" regular gasoline, slowly, to fuet tank. install fuel cap and wipe up any spilled gasoline
Although multi-viscosity oifs (5W30, 10W30, etc ) improve starting in cold weather, these multi-viscosity oils will result in increased oil consumption when used above 32"F Check your engine oil level more frequently to avoid possible damage from running low on oil Oil sump capacity is 20 ounces o o Place Generator on a level surface Cfean area around oil flit and remove oil dipstick
"TO START THE ENGINE
Unplug all electrical loads from generator receptacles before starting the engine. NEVER start or stop engine with electrical devices plugged into the panel receptacles and turned on. Move engine CHOKE CONTROL LEVER to "RUN" position loke Control Lever

This generatol is equipped with one 15-amp circuit breaker The receptacle is protected against electrical overload with the 15-amp breaker Overloading a generator in excess of its rated wattage capacity can result in damage to the generator and to connected electrical devices Observe the following, to prevent overloading tile unit: Add up the totat wattage of all electrical devices to be connected at one time This total should NOT be greater than the generator's wattage capacity WATTAGE

REFERENCE GUIDE

RUNNING WATTS Impact Wrencll *,Jet Pump Lawn Mower.. t 200 !1100 300. 400 225. tto 200. 1750 to to 500 500
RUNNING WA'Tf'S *Air Conditioner (12,000 Btu) Battery Charger (20 amp) Bolt Sander (3") Chain Saw Circular Saw (6-I 2P') Coffee Maker "Compressor (t HP) "Compressor' (314 HP) "Compressor (tl2 PiP} Curling Iron *Freezer Disc Sander (9 _) Edge Trimmer Electric Nail Gun Electric Range (one element) Etectric Skillet *Furnace Fan (1/3 HP) Hair Dryet Hand Drill (1) Hand Drill (t12") Hand Drill (318") Hand Drill (ti4") Hedge Trimmer' 800 to t2000 I800 t500 !I250 !to 1000; 450
Light Bulb Microwave Oven.. *Milk Cooler.. Oil Burner on Furnace.
Oil Fired Space Heater (140,000 Btu) Oil Fired Space Heater (85,000 Btu}.. Oil Fired Space Heater (30.000 Btu) *Paint Sprayer, Airless (ti3 HP). Paint Sprayer, Airless (handhold). Radio.. *Refrigerator Siow Cooker..
*Submersible Pump (1-I/2 HP) *Submersible Pump (1 HP).. *Submersible Pump (I/2 HP).. Sump Pump. 'Table Saw (10").. Television.. Weed Trimmer..
* Allow 2-1/2 times the listed watts for starting these devices
CUSTOI'#_E_ RESPONS_BFLITJES
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE FILL fN DATES AS YOU COMPLETE
HOURLY OPERATING INTERVAL

REGULAn SERVICE

Eveq, 25 I 1 Every 50 Hours or Yeady Evaq, 100 Yeady Hou_s or

MAINTENANCE TASK

ENGINE.. Check oil level..

Use 1 Before Each

Yearly Hours or.

SERVICE DATES

Change engine oil _ Service air cieaner

! I X'" }

Prepare for storage
Prepare unit for storage if it is to remain idle for longer

lthan day 30

$ Change oil niter iirst 8 hours of operation then after every 50 hours Change sooner when operating under heavy load or high ambient temperature "" Clean more o{ten under dirty or dust,,, conditions.

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Generator Specifications Rated Maximum Power RatedVoltaae Rated maximum Load Current Rated Frequencf Phase Engine Specifications Rated Horsepower Oisp!acement Spai'k Plug: Type: 5.5 at 3600 rum 11,57 cubic inches Champion RCJ8 or equivalent 0.030 inch [0.76turn) 1.6 U,S, ctuaris SAE 30 weiahl 00125 inch 2000Watts _2.:OkW) 120 Volts AC 16,7 AC AmPeres 60Hz at 3600 mm Single Phase
Once a year you should clean or replace the spark plug and clean or replace the air filter A new spark ptug and clean air fittel assure proper fuel-air mixture and hetp your engine run better and last longer CAUTION: and place wire where it wire from spark plug Disconnect spark plug cannot come in contact with your spark plug before working on your generator,

_aAINTENANCE

Generator maintenance consists of keeping the unit clean and dry Operate and store the unit in a clean dry environment where it will not be exposed to excessive dust, dirt, moisture or any corrosive vapors Cooling air slots in the generator must not become clogged with snow, leaves,or any other foreign material Check the cleanliness ol the generator frequently and clean when dust, dirt, oil, moisture or other foreign substances are visible on its exterior surface Note: We DO NOT recommend using a garden hose to clean generator Water can enter the engine fuel system and cause problems, in addition, if water enters the gen_ orator through cooling air slots, some of the water wilt be retained in voids and cracks of the rotor and stator winding insulation, Water and dirt buildup on the generator internal windings will eventually decrease the insulation resistance of these windings To clean the Generator: Use a damp cloth to wipe exterior suriaces clean A soft, bristle brush may be used to ioosen caked on dirt, oil, etc A vacuum cleaner may be used to pick up loose dirt and debris Low pressure air (not to exceed 25 psi) may be used to blow away dirt inspect cooling air slots and openings on the generator These openings musl be kept clean and unobstructed

Change the spark plug every !00 hours of operation or once each year, whichever comes first This wilt help your engine to start easier and run better. Replace with Champion RJ-SC or equivalent type spart( plug. Set spark plug gap 0.030 inch (O.76mm). SET PLUG GAP AT 0.030 inch {0.76 ram)

ENGINE SPEED

CAUTION: Engine speed was property adiusted at the factory and should require no additional adjustment,, Do not a_empt to change engine speed tf you believe the engine is running too fast or too stow, take your generator to an authorized Sears Sen, ice Center for repair and adjustment, CHANGING ENGINE GOVERNED SPEED WILL VOID ENGINE WARRANTY.
Low engine speeds impose a heavy load on the engine when sufficient engine power is not available and may shorten engine life The generator will supply correct rated ac frequency and voltage only at tile proper speed Some connected electrical devices could be damaged by incorrect frequer_cy andlor voltage

CARBURETOR

tf you thint.',your carburetor needs adjusting, see your nearest Sears Sel_dce dealer Engine performance may be affected above 4,000 feet in altitude To improve engine performance, see your nearest Sears Service dealer
Your generator engine runs a_ a constant speed This constant operating speed is maintained by a mechanical, flyweight type, fixed speed governor DO NOT try to adjust the governed speed setting for the following reasons:. High engine speeds are dangerous and increase the risk of personal injury or damage to equipment
The generator should be started at least once every seven days and allowed to run at least 30 minutes If this cannot be done and you must store the unit for more than 30 days, use the following information as a guide to prepare it for storage,
CHANGE OIL Whiie engine is still warm, drain oil from crankcase Refill with recommended grade OIL CYLINDER BORE _. CAUTION! Avoid spray from spark plug hole when cranking engine stowiyo

LONG TERM STORAGE

INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING: NEVER store engine with fuel in tank indoors or in enclosed, poorly VentF lated areas where fumes may reach an open flame, spark or pilot light as on a furnace, water heater, clothes dryer or other gas appiiance_ It is important to prevent gum deposits from forming in essential fuel system parts such as the carburetor, fuel filter, fuel hose or tank during storage Also, experience indicates that alcohol-blended fuels (called gasohol, ethanol or methanol) can attract moisture which leads to separation and formation of acids during storage, Acidic gas can damage the fuel system of an engine white in storage To avoid engine problems, the fuel system should be emptied before storage of 30 days or longer Follow these instructions: _ROTECT FUEL SYSTEM WARNING: Drain fuel into approved container eutdoors, away from open flame. Be sure engine is cool. Do not smoke. Remove all gasoline from the fuel tank to prevent gum deposits from forming on these parts and causing possibte malfunction of engine Run engine until engine stops from lack of fueI

Remove spark plug and pour about 1/2 ounce (15rnl) of engine oil into the cylinder. Cover spark plug hole with rag Crank slowly to distribute oil. Install spark plug Do not connect spark plug wire GENERATOR: Clean the generator as outlined on Page 9 ('%o Clean the Generator") Check that cooling air slots and openings on generator are open and unobstructed OTHER STORAGE TIPS: o Do not store gasoline from one season to another . Replace your gasoline can if your can starts to rust Rust and!or dirt in your gasoline wil! cause problems If possible, store your unit indoors and cover it to give protection from dust and dirt BE SURE TO EMPTY THE FUEL TANK. Cover your unit with a suitable protective cover that does not retain moisture Store generator in clean, dry aTea
IMPORTANT: NEVER cover your Generator while engine and exhaust area are warm

PROBLEIVl

Engineis running,but no ACoutpuI is available
1One of the circuil breakersis open 2 Faultin generator 3.Poorconnectionor detective cordset 4 Connected device is bad

CORRECTION

1 Resetcircuitbreaker " 2 ContactSea_'s Service Facility 3 Checkand repair. 4 Connectanotherdevice that is in good condition 1 Disconnectshorted electrical load 2 ContactSearsServiceFacility 3 See "Don'tOverloadthe Generator" 4 ContactSearsServiceFacility t 12 Set switchto RUN. Cleanor reptaceair cleaner Fill fuel tank Draingas tank;fill with freshfuel Connectwire to spark plug Replacespark plug D_aingas tank;iill with fresh fuel Openchoke fully and crankengine ContactSears Service Facility ContactSearsService Facility ContactSearsService Facility. ContactSearsServiceFacifity
Engineruns good at no-load but "bogs down"when bads are connected
1 Shortcircuitin a connectedload 2 Enginespeedis too stow 3 Generators overloaded i 4 Shortedgeneratorci_cuit
Enginewill nol start; or stads and runs rough
I Run/Stop Switch set to STOP 2 Diriy aircteaner 30ul of gasoline 4.Stalegasoline 5 Sparkplugwire not connected to sparkplug 6 Badsparkplug. 7 Waterin gasoline 80verchoking 9 Excessivefy fuelmixture. rich 10,Intake vaive stuck openor'closed 11 Enginehas lost compression 12,{nlake valve stuck openor closed. t Out of gasoline 2,Lowoil tevel, 1 Loadis too high 2 Dirt'), ir fitter a 1 Chokeis openedtoo soon 2 Carburetor runningtoorich is or toolean
Engineshutsdown during operation
1 Flitfuef tank 2, Fill crankcaset{) properlevel, 1 See "Don'tOverloadlhe Generator" 2 Replaceair filter t

Engine lackspower

Engine "hunts"or falters
Move choke 16halNvay positionuntil engine runssmoothty ContactSearsService Facility

GRAFTS_AN2D0O Oontro!

_&_attAC Generator

580.327700

Panel _ E}_pioded View and Parts List

ITEM 9 10

PART 9e_99_845430
DESCRIPTION __ PANEL 12OV 15Aobq-LET P_PAOTOR t25 12VDOCXJTLE7 PHLUPS I-F_D _

t 2 'I 1 ! 1

35 X I8_4_4LG_

Tb_7-E) 83514 84198

13AF__-TAININ_ F 15AAC C_RCJJ_ BPEAKEPrM_t =PESET 1CADC CRGJ[F BqEikKEP_AUTO RESET CAP,CIRCUIT

Drm_,ing No

CFIAFTSMAN Main

2000 Watt

AC Generator View

580,327700

Unit -- Exploded

"\

Dla_ving

No 99695

CRAFFS!_&_,_ 2000 Wa_ AC Generator r_ainUnit -- Parts List
ITEM 't t0 I!17 t8 t2I 40 4t 44 PART NO. DESCROPTION

1 t t 2 tO 4 I 1

99685 67210A 99684 99687J 99849 99688J 49813 66449L 89685 9774'66849A 86307 22'40945
Handle Ground Decal Frame Briggs HP -- VS Engine Base Plate Rotor Assy Bearing Flat Washer (Special) HHCS, 5/16-24 x 5" Stator Assy Control Panel Assy_ PPHMS, 910 x !-1/4 Self Drill Control Panel Decal RBC End Stator Plate Hex Nut M6-1,0 Stator Bolt Bearing Cover Data Sheet Decal (Back Side) Pushnut, 1/2" Die, Diamond Tread Tire HHCS. 9IO-16 x 3/4" Self Drill Locking Nut M6-1.25 Vibration Mount HHCS, M8-1,0 x 35 Carriage Bolt 1/4-20 x 2-!/4 LG Ffandle Clip Anti-Scratch Pfate-SS Handle Knob Ext, Cord Holder Plug 3!4" Square Cap Square Neck Eye Bolt 1-800 Number Decal Danger Instructions Decal Start Instructions Decal Control Box Grommet Axle Assy Battery Charge Rectifier Taptite M5-08 x 20 Screw HHCS, 5/16-24 x 3/4" Lock Washe r-5/16 Flange Lock Nut M6 Wing Nut M6-1.0 Shakeproof Washer, M6-1/4 SHCS, M6-x 20

Drawing

CrmF_SMAN

AC Generator

u8u.3zz700

BRIGGS & STRATTON

4-CYCLE ENGINE I288t2-2393-Ai

124 L=J

'-,,.%

Bsr__%-i

L_____J

i;_r# i

CRAFTSMAN
2800 Wa_ AC u_enera,,o[ 580.c,z_ 700 4-CYCLE ENGgNE _288't2-2393-A1

BR1GGS & STR_'TOK

968 967'

358 GASKET

116AL._

CRAFTSMAN BRIGGS

AC Generator 4-CYCLE
580.327700 t_881=-239o-Al

& STRATTON

ENGINE

CRAFTS{_AI"4 BRtGGS

200{_ _fatt

AC G_nerator 4-CYCLE

& $TRATTON
ENGQNE "_ 28812-233-A'_

615 _ 23O

1!02 24
_80-.o_'_""_ 700 128812-2393-At
c,. _-':"_z_,._ _uN ,_.p,vm -- =NGINE _._,r,. "-_" =-v ,,.,_=

"

GASKET S_"

_7_,,_d _ -_,_

9.77 CARB#R-I_irOR

GA_K_ _ SNT

Ol _!_,._ "63
CRAFTS}_AN 20#8 _"_att AC Genera'_or 580.32TTD0 IBRIIGGS & $TRA'FTOEr_ 4-CYCLE ENGgNE 128812-2393--A!

Ito, 9A !0 tt Pa_ No. "214366 ""0272481 "231933 ""Part Name Cylinder Assembly Bushing Oil Seal Enqine Sump Cyfinder Head Cylinder Head Gasket Brea!her Assembly _reazner L_asket Breather Gasket Hex Screw Breather Tube Crankcase Gasket Hex Screw Oil Drain Plug Crankshaft Oil Seal Hex Screw NOTE: 94612 Hex Screw (Used in Hole Nearest Breather) Flywheel Etywheel Key _is!on Assembly (Standard) _'iston Assembly (O10" OS) Piston Assembly (020" OS ) Histon Assembt';/(,030" O S ) Ring Set (Standard) Hing Set ( 0!0" O S ) Hing Set ( 020" O S.) R!n.g Set.( 030" OS)

i-'ls![ori P'lrl LOCI-f,

3.4O 46 5I 54 -65A t04 t08 1t0

111 !16 116A 1t7

262204 49B275 "272t,398185 ,231371 224449
262715 "280393 "280966 498976
iston Pin (Standard) onnecting Red Hex Screw Exhaust Valve intake Valve Valve Sp.fing , Fly,rhea! GuarG valve Hetainer Governor/Oil Slinger Valve Tappet Cam Gear Intake Gasket He,_. Screw Rewind Starter Housing Starter Pulley Rewind Staffer Spring Starter Rope (Cul to RequiredLength) S!aqer Hope L_rip

Hnlll_PS _crew

Ref No, 187 87A 188 88A 30O 304.,459 46t 6!634 334A 97I 1102

Pa_ No. 94644

Part Name Fuel Line (Cut to Required Length) Fuel Line Hex Screw Mechanical Governor Link Governor ,Spring Governor Lever Washer Fuel Filter Shoulder Screw Exhaust Muffler Blower Housing Hex Screw Cylinder Shield Hex Screw Flywheel Nut Magneto Armature Hex Screw Spark Plug Hex Screw Rocker Switch Sto_ Wire Gasket Set Flywheel Puller ex. Nut Spark Pluq Wrench Flywheel Cup Spdng Hetainer Rachet Pawl Shoulder Screw Dip Stick OilFil! Tube Grommet Carriage Bolt y[inuer. _ame ex. NU_ Fuel Line Clamp (Green) Rewind Starter Shoulder Screw Retainer Governor Crank Intake Manifold Seal Choke Bracket Intake Manifold Choke Shaft Seal (Sold in Kit Only) Foam Washer (Sold in Kit Only) Spark Plug i_,oot ^, _pacer (Includes z,_ _pacer rHction _pfing Timing Gear, Muffler Guaru Lever Sleeve cDip.stictdTubeAssembly Bole/ermlnal Intake Valve Seat Exhaust Valve Seat Guide Bushing (.Exhaust) ote: 63709 Guide BusHing ntake) xhaust Gasket Rewind Guard Fuel Tank Cap Air Filter Air Cleaner Cover Slotted Hex Screw Hex Screw Fuel Tank Support Bracket Float Bowl Carburetor Primer Carburetor Gasket Set Liqht Bracket Label Kit Emission Label Kil Owner's Manual Valve Ovedqaui Gasket Set Guide Pilot
496106 49329_ 263202 "$281085

*262O01

"_498528 232052
12t I127 t30 t3t 146 !6t 163

499059

Aachen Cathedral (Holy Roman Empire capital), Germany, 565 Aalto, Aino, 743 Aalto, Alvar, 726, 74243, 751 Abbasid Caliphate, 293, 295, 304, 306, 333 Abbey Church of Cluny, France, 369 Abbey Church of St. Foy, Conques, France, 333, 369 Abbey Fcamp, France, 370 Abbey of Church of St. Riquier, France, 295, 327, 368 Abbey of Fulda, 295 Abbey of SS. Ulrich and Afra, Neresheim, Germany, 579 Abbey of Vlzalay, France, 647 Abd al-Malik (caliph of Jerusalem), 302 Abd al-Rahman I (caliph), 306, 307 Abhayagiri Vihara, 179 Abiff, Chiram, 108 Abrams, Charles, 765 Absolom, 158 Abuja, Nigeria, 782 Abu Simbel, Egypt, 4, 57, 71, 787 Abu Temple, Tell Asmar, 33 Abydos, Egypt, 6, 7, 20 Achaeans, 122 Achaemenid Dynasty, 115, 116 Acolhua of Texcoco, 435 Acoma Pueblo, Navajo, New Mexico, 476 Acropolis, Greece, 13034 Actium, Battle of, 159 Adam, Robert, 6067, 608, 609, 619, 621, 661 Adina Mosque, Pandua, India, 453 Adi Shankara, 97 Aegean Sea, 76 AEG Pavilion, German Shipbuilding Exhibition of 1908, Berlin, Germany, 703, 726 Aeneas, 154 Afghanistan, 143, 151, 191, 216 Africa, 485 colonialism, 560, 69697, 737 Ethiopia, 41415 Ghana, 321 kingdoms in, 518 Mali, 51819 Mamluk Sultanate, 391, 41213 post-colonial, 782 trade, 411, 412 Zimbabwe, 415 Agade, 32 Ageana culture, 3 Age of Reason, 56061. See also Enlightenment Agha, Mehmet, 517 agriculture, civilizational cultures, 3, 5, 8, 12, 13, 16, 85, 88, 98 Ahas tomb at Umm el-Qaab, Abydos, Egypt, 20 Ahmedabad, India, 454, 761, 78081 Ahmed III (Ottoman sultan), 586 Ahmed Shah (sultan), 454 Ahmose I of Thebes, 64 Ain Mallaha (Levan) culture, 2, 3 air pollution, 636 Ajanta Caves, 231, 23537, 238 Ajatsatru (Indian king), 176 Ajunta, India, 176 Akapana (Tiwanaku temple), 267 Akbar, Jalal-ud-Din (Mughal ruler), 503, 504, 506 Akbar Hotel, India, 780 Akkadian Dynasty, 27, 3233 Aksa Mosque, Jerusalem, 301 Aksum Empire, 98, 191, 192, 193, 213, 414 Alahan monastery, Cilicia, Turkey, 231, 255 Alai Darwaza gate, Quwwat-ul-Islam, India, 406 Alaric (Goth leader), 159 Ala-ud-Din Aibak (Ghaznavid general), 404 Al-Azhar Mosque, Cairo, Egypt, 333, 384, 385, 387 Albany Civic Center, Albany, New York, 757 Al-Barubiyyin, Marrakech, Morocco, 385 Albert Dock, Liverpool, England, 638 Alberti, Leon Battista, 462, 465, 468, 525, 530, 568, 610 Alcoa Building, San Francisco, California, 771 Aleppo, Syria, 7980 Alexander VII (pope of Rome), 536, 540 Alexander the Great (king of Greece), 113, 120, 135, 182, 206 Alexandria, Egypt, 113, 135, 138, 140, 202, 232, 251, 306 Alexandrian Empire, 115 Algiers, 159 Alhambra, Granada, Spain, 391, 42931, 530 Alhambra Palace, Granada, Spain, 385, 651 Allgemeine Elektrizitts-Gesellschaft (AEG), 703, 726 Allison, Ken, 778 Almerico, Paolo, 524 Almoravid Dynasty, 387, 411 Alomohad sultanate, 411, 429 Al-Rifai Mosque, Cairo, Egypt, 655, 676 Altan Khan (Mongol ruler), 499 Altar of Zeus at Pergamon, 104 alternative architecture, 77879, 795 Altes Museum, Berlin, Germany, 599, 62425, 663 Amanat Khan, 507 Amaravati Stupa, India, 176, 193, 214 Amazon societies, 223 Amber Fort, Amer, India, 626 Ambrogio, Giovanni d, 460 Amenhotep III (pharoah 0f Egypt), 64, 108 American Craftsman Style, 682. See also Arts and Crafts movement American Institute of Architects (AIA), 687 American Revolution, 597, 619 American War of Independence, 599 Americas. See Central America; North America; South America; specic American cities, countries and peoples Amiens Cathedral, France, 391, 42122 Amorites, 79 Amsterdam, Netherlands, 54647 Amsterdam Stock Exchange, 655 Amsterdam Town Hall, Netherlands, 485, 547 Amun, Temple of, at Karnak, 57, 68, 69 Amun-Re Temple, 70 Ananda Temple, Pagan, Burma, 391, 396, 397 Ananta Vasudeva, Bhubaneshaw, India, 408 Anarudhapura, Sri Lanka, 176, 179 Anasazi people, 293 Anatolia, 3, 1315, 55, 74 Anatolian highlands, Stone Age, 5 Ancash, 82 Andean people, 27. See also Peru; South America agriculture, 88 Chavn de Huntar, 85, 87, 88, 9192, 151 high Andes, 8283 irrigation, 5557, 85 metalworking, 223 Salinas de Chao, 84 Tiwanaku empire, 261, 262, 267 urbanization, 25, 5254 Ando, Tadao, 788, 789 Andronovo Culture, 25, 36 Angkor, Cambodia, 295, 31820, 331, 391, 634 Angkor Borei (Vyadhapura, South Asian city), 247 Angkor Thom (Khmer capital), 39495 Angkor Wat (Vrah Vishnulok), Cambodia, 389, 39294, 635 Anglican Church, 568, 569, 573, 583 Anhalter Bahnhof, Berlin, Germany, 662 Ani, Armenia, 234, 331, 366 Animal Crackers House, Chicago, Illinois, 784 animal sacrice, 46, 1034, 108 Ankara, Turkey, 740 Anne (queen of England), 571 Ann of Austria (queen of France), 543 Anthemius of Tralles, 272 Anthology Society (Boston, Massachusetts), 658 Antigonid Empire, 135 Antioch Baptist Church, Perry County, Alabama, 795 Antiochus IV, 135 Antium, Battle of, 154 Antonius Pius (emperor of Rome), 247 Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, 192, 218, 354 Anyang, China, 55, 57, 58, 59, 93 Anyuanmiao temple, Chengde, China, 603 Apollodoro of Damascus, 171 Apollo 11 cavestone, 2, 3 Apulia, Italy, 154, 558 Aqmar Mosque, Cairo, Egypt, 384 Arab caliphate, Armenia, 364 Arab mathematics, 151 Arab Muhammad Khan (Uzbek ruler), 633 Arbeitsrat fr Kunst (Germany), 707 arch(es) catenary arch, 570 Etruscan, 101 fornix system, 204

Batlle, Jorge, 772 Batll, Josep, 693 Battle of Actium, 159 Battle of Antium, 154 Battle of Himera, 122 Battle of Kadesh, 74 Battle of Marathon, 130 Battle of Philippi, 163 Battle of Plassey (1757), 596 Battle of Waterloo, 656 Battle of White Mountain (Prague, Bohemia), 536 Bauakademie, Berlin, Germany, 624 Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany, 653, 655, 71819, 723, 726, 727, 741 Bavarian Baroque, 57879 Bawa, Geoffrey, 789 Bayon temple, 394 Bazalgette, Joseph, 636 Beaker People, 25, 27, 4748 Beal, Art, 779 Beardsley, Aubrey, 684 Beauborg Museum, Paris, France, See Centre Georges Pompidou Beaux-Arts style, 669, 680, 684, 686, 692, 698701, 730 Bedouin Arabs, 301 beehive tombs, Atreus, Treasury of, 78 Begg, John, 672 Behrens, Peter, 684, 703, 714, 718, 720, 726, 730 Beihai, Beijing, China, 587, 588 Beijing, China, 403, 435, 43942, 58889 Beikthano, 247 Belau, Paul, 698 Belgium, 684 Bellamont Forest, Ireland, 581 Belper, Derbyshire, England, 637 Belvedere courtyard, Vatican City, Italy, 473 Benedictine order, 370 Bengal, India, 453 Bentham, Jeremy, 632 Bentinck, William, 632 Bent Pyramid, 27, 42 Beopheung (king of Korea), 290 Beowulf (epic poem), 623 Berber Almoravids, 331, 411 Berber tribes, 121 Bering Strait, 5, 52 Berlage, Hendrik Petrus, 684, 712 Berlin Philharmonic Hall, Germany, 723, 766 Berlin Social Science Research Center, Germany, 725, 784 Bern, Switzerland, 160 Bernard Schwartz House, Two Rivers, Wisconsin, 744 Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, 536, 537, 538, 54041, 542, 563, 574 Bernofsky, Gene, 779 Bernofsky, JoAnn, 779 Bernoulli, Jacobus, 570 Bet Challaf, Mastaba K1 at, 7 Beth Elohim Synagogue, Charleston, South Carolina, 599, 651 Bthune, Maximilien (Duc de Sully), 562 Bevis-Marks Synagogue, London, England, 583, 598, 650 Beyazit II (Ottoman ruler), 447 Beyazit Medical Complex, Edirne, Turkey, 437, 447 Bhaja, India, 181 Bhuta Lena cave (No. 26), Junnar, India, 180 Bibi Khanum Friday Mosque, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, 437, 45051 Bibliothque Nationale, Paris, France, 599 Bibliothque St. Genevive, Paris, France, 599, 648, 664 Biblos, 85 Bibracte, 152, 153, 16061 Bicci, Giovanni di, 464 Bijapur, India, 51213 Bing, Siegfried, 685 Bishapur, Iran, 233 Bi Sheng, 356 Black Plague, 391, 435, 437, 457, 470, 474, 56869 Blake, William, 684 Blenheim Palace, London, England, 551, 57172 Blow-Out Village (Cook), 778 Bo Bardi, Lina, 747 Boccioni, Umberto, 707 Boer Wars (1880-1881, 1899-1902), 656, 677, 697 Bogolyubsky, Andrey, 428 Bombay, India. See Mumbai, India Bombay Municipal Hall, Mumbai, India, 679 Bondone, Giotto di, 462 Boniface VIII (pope of Rome), 539 Borghese Villa and Palazzo (Camillo Borghese, Pope Paul V), 532 Borgund Stave Church, Norway, 333, 388 Borobudur, Indonesia, 295, 314, 315 Borromeo, Charles, 536, 538 Borromini, Francesco Castelli, 536, 539, 542 Boston, Massachusetts, 583 Boston Public Library, Boston, Massachusetts, 655, 686 Bosworth, William Welles, 683, 692 Botta, Mario, 785, 786, 792 Boulle, tienne-Louis, 597, 614, 617 Bourbon Dynasty, 553 Bourges Cathedral, France, 421 Boyle, Richard, 582 Brahmagupta, 312 Bramah, Joseph, 599 Bramante, Donato, 471, 47273, 534, 571, 611, 658 Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany, 624 Braque, Georges, 706 Braslia, Brazil, 723, 725, 740, 75657 Brazil, 698, 727, 74647 Brazilian hacienda system, 558 Brazilian Pavilion, New York Worlds Fair of 1939, 743, 74647 Breslau Jahrhunderthalle, Breslau, Germany, 705 Breuer, Marcel, 752, 795 brick construction Constantinople, 255 India, 453 kiln, 19 Rome, 162 Ur, 35, 38 Brick Country House (Mies van der Rohe), 714 bridges, 698 Bridge Street Workhouse, Manchester, Lancashire, England, 640 Britain. See England; United Kingdom British East Africa Company, 737 British East India Company, 55455, 596, 63031, 656 British Empire Building, New York, New York, 738 British Museum, London, England, 632, 644, 659 Brod, Max, 706 Brodrick, Cuthbert, 660 bronze, 13 Bronze Age, 7, 9, 1324, 27, 47, 55, 57, 60, 76, 78, 85 Brown, Denise Scott, 723, 783, 784 Bruce, Thomas, 644 Bruce, William, 606 Brumfeld, William, 428 Brunelleschi, Filippo, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 537 Brussels, Belgium, 688 Brutalism, 723, 755, 777 Brutus, 163 bubonic plague, 250 Buckingham House, Buckingham Palace, London, England, 622 Buddha, 113, 14445, 176, 177, 242 Buddhism, 113, 14445, 293 Ajanta Caves, 231, 23537 China, 296, 331, 587, 602 establishment of, 23843 growth of, 191, 261, 290 Hinduism, 24445, 350 Japan, 260, 486, 490, 494, 590 Korea, 300, 592 Nepal, 593 pagoda, 286 Pure Land Buddhism, 331, 361, 398 reliquary practices, 251 rock-cut temples, 173 South Asia, 113, 17682, 214, 215, 216 Southeast Asia, 24647, 392 Tantrism, 346 Tibet, 295, 317, 499 universities, 31213 Zen Buddhism, 444, 445, 486, 490, 494

Chan-Chaak-Kaknal-Ajaw (ruler of Uxmal), 334 Chan Chan, Trujillo, Peru, 437, 479 Chandella kingdom, 331, 34446 Chandigarh, India, 723, 740, 75861, 780, 797 Chandragupta Maurya (emperor), 143, 144 Changan (Xian), China, 191, 192, 21920, 28485, 293, 295, 29697 Changdeokgung, Seoul, Korea, 437, 443 Changle Palace, Changan, China, 21920 Changlin Park, Changan, China, 220 Chanin Building, New York, New York, 738 Chankillo (Andean ceremonial complex), 83 Chapel of Light, 725 Charlemagne (king of the Franks, Holy Roman Emperor), 250, 293, 32426, 367, 376, 565, 567 Charles, Prince of Wales, England, 723, 784 Charles I (king of England), 568 Charles II (king of England), 568 Charles V (Holy Roman Emperor), 430, 469, 520, 526, 528, 530, 563 Charles the Bald (Holy Roman Emperor), 422 Charles the Simple (Norman king), 370 Charnock, Job, 596 Chartres Cathedral, France, 391, 417, 420, 421 chteau, 474 Chteau de Chambord, Blois, France, 437, 474 Chteau de la Sarraz, France, 730 Chteau de Maisons, Maisons-Latte, Paris, France, 575 Chteau de Vaux-le-Vicomte, Maincy, France, 536, 565 Chteau de Versailles, France, 56365 Chaucer, Geoffrey, 374 Chauvet (France) rock painting, 2 Chavn culture, 151 Chavn de Huntar, 85, 87, 88, 9192, 224 Chayet, Anne, 604 Chelsea Hospital, London, England, 56667 Chengde, China, 597, 599, 6024, 620 Chengdu, China, 183 Chengiz (Ghengis) Khan, 185, 402 Chengzhou, China, 93, 94 Cheni kingdom, 28283 Chennai (Madras), India, 678 Chettinad Mansions, Tamil, India, 673 Chicago, Illinois, 770 Chicago, University of, 683 Chicago Federal Center, Chicago, Illinois, 770 Chichen Itza, 389, 391, 43234, 435 child labor, 636, 656 Chillon river valley, 82 Chimu people, 435 China, 485 Buddhism, 191, 23840, 261, 296, 331, 389, 587, 602 calendar, 151 civilizational cultures in, 810 colonialism, 555, 653, 656 Confucianism, 113 divided dynasties, 263 empire, 597 globalization, 792 Han Dynasty, 151, 153, 183, 185, 191, 192, 193, 21920, 221, 231, 262, 296, 587 instability in, 55 Iron Age, 98 irrigation system, 403 Liao Dynasty, 35860 Ming Dynasty, 185, 437, 439, 485, 49598, 499, 502, 552, 587 Ming Tombs, Beijing, 485, 49598 Mongol Empire, 4023 Parthian Empire, 212 Qin (Chin) dynasty, 113, 18385 Qing Dynasty, 553, 587, 599, 6024 Shang dynasty, 55, 57, 5859 Song Dynasty, 331, 333, 391, 392, 400 401, 699 Stone Age, 3, 4, 5, 7 Sui Dynasty, 238, 28485 Tang Dynasty, 238, 261, 263, 28485, 293, 295, 29697, 333 Tibet, 331 trade, 219, 29697, 400, 502, 551 urbanization, 25, 29697 Warring States Period, 93, 148 Yuan Dynasty, 389, 391, 4023 Zhou Dynasty, 57, 85, 87, 9395, 115, 116, 148 Chinard, Philippe, 424 Chinese calendar, 153 Chinese style, 580 Chinese Teahouse, Sans Souci Palace, Potsdam, Germany, 580 Chiram Abiff, 108 Chisolm, Robert F., 679 Chiswick House, London, England, 582 Chittor Fort, India, 437, 455 chocolate, 559 Choin-in, Kyoto, Japan, 486 Chola kingdom, 295, 331, 35255, 392, 673 Cholamandalam, 35255 cholera epidemics, 566 Choragic Monument of Lysicrates, Athens, Greece, 645 Chosun Dynasty, Korea, See Joseon Dynasty Christianity, 60, 191, 211 baptisteries, 25354 Byzantine Empire, 256, 261 conquistadores, 52627 emergence of, 24952 Holy Roman Empire, 250, 293, 32426 mendicant orders, 423 Mithraism, 248 Native Americans, 610 Nestorian Christianity, 296, 4023 pilgrimage churches, 374 Roman Empire, 268 tombs, 251 urban construction, 389, 41727, 532 Chrysler Building, New York, New York, 738, 770 chthonic phase, mother goddess, 20 Churches of Lalibela, 391 Church of Christ Pantokrator, Istanbul, Turkey, 323, 333, 362 Church of Christ the Worker, Atlntida, Uruguay, 725, 772 Church of La Vera Cruz, Segovia, Spain, 374 Church of Neresheim, Germany, 57879 Church of St. Cyriakus, Gernrode, Germany, 367, 368 Church of Saint Irene, Constantinople, 268 Church of St. John Lateran, Rome, Italy, 231, 25051, 520 Church of St. Paraskeva Piatnitsa, Novgorod, Russia, 428 Church of San Pancrazio, Florence, Italy, 465 Church of San Stefano, Bologna, Italy, 374 Church of Santo Domingo, San Cristbal de Las Casas, Mexico, 528 Church of the Acheiropoietos, 231 Church of the Acheiropoietos, Salonica, 254 Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoe, Russia, 545 Church of the Dormition, Daphni, Greece, 362 Church of the Holy Cross, Aghtamar, Lake Van, Gevash, Armenia, 365 Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, 333, 374, 378 Church of the Immaculate Conception, Turin, Italy, 542 Church of the Intercession of the Virgin, Suzdalia, Russia, 428 Church of the Invalides, Paris, France, 567 Church of the Madeleine, Paris, France, 562 Church of the Prophets, Apostles, and Martyrs, Gerasa, Jordan, 231, 254 Church of the Purication, Aleksandrova Sloboda, Russia, 545 Church of the Savior (Il Redentore), Venice, Italy, 522, 523 Church of the Savior on Blood, St. Petersburg, Russia, 623 Church of the Tithe, Kiev, Russia, 333, 363 Church of Vierzenhnheiligen, Bamberg, Germany, 578 Cilica, 364 Cilician masons, 255 Circular Mound Altar, Temple of Heaven Complex, Forbidden City, Beijing, China, 442 Circus Maximus, Rome, Italy, 99, 168 Cistercian Order, 418, 424 Citadel at Gonur, Margiana, 37 Citt Nuova (SantElia), 707 City Beautiful movement, 653, 686, 696, 758 city-states, 485. See also specic city-states La Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas, Venezuela, 769 Civic Center Plaza, Chicago, Illinois, 783

civilizational cultures China, 810 Egypt, 2021 Europe, 2224 Mesopotamia, 1113, 1719 South Asia, 16 urbanization, 25 civilizational zones, 25 Civil War (U.S.), 655, 672, 687 Classical Period, 115 class structure coffeehouses, 559 Eighteenth Century, 551 Industrial Revolution, 597, 599, 63640 middle class, 64647 South America, 698 Claudius (emperor of Rome), 161 Clrisseau, Charles-Louis, 619 climate change, civilizational cultures, 23. See also desertication Clive, Robert, 596 Cloaca Maxima (Rome, Italy), 99 Clovis Culture, 2 Cluniacs, 331 Coatzacoalcos River, 89 Cobb, Henry N., 770 Cobham, Richard Temple, 585 Cockerell, Charles Robert, 644 Codussi, Mauro, 545 coffeehouses, 559 Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, 560, 563, 565, 668 Cole, Henry, 664 Cole, Thomas, 619 Collegiate Church of St. Cyriakus, Gernrode, Germany, 367, 368 Colombia, 769 Colonial America, 581, 583, 585, 787 colonial forts, 55657 colonialism, 551, 55455 Africa, 69697, 737 China, 555, 653, 656 economic systems, 558 Europe, 597 expansion of, 653 foods, 559 French Empire, 56068, 614 India, 55455, 555, 63032, 656, 67273, 67879, 709 United States, 698 Colosseum, Rome, Italy, 153, 165, 168, 170, 171, 204 Columbia University, New York, New York, 683 Columbus, Christopher, 52, 437, 526, 686 columns, 102, 12324. See also capital(s) Commerzbank, Frankfurt, Germany, 796, 797 commissions, globalization, 792 Commodus (emperor of Rome), 248 Communism, 715, 716, 72627, 750 Complex of Sultan Hassan, Cairo, Egypt, 437, 458 concrete, 156, 255, 327, 700, 704, 705, 708, 726 Confucianism, 10, 113, 238, 356, 443, 499, 592, 602 Confucius, 85, 93, 113, 487 Congrs Internationaux dArchitecture Moderne (CIAM), 723, 730, 743, 746, 756, 776, 783 conquistadores, Christianity, 52627 Constantia, Calcutta, India, 596 Constantine (emperor of Rome), 211, 249, 250, 251, 272, 374, 521, 534 Constantinople, 261, 268, 274, 322, 367. See also Istanbul, Turkey brick construction, 255 fall of, to Ottoman Empire, 448 founding of, 24950 Constructivism, Russian, 715, 716, 783 Contarini, Marin, 457 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 787 Cook, James, 585 Cook, Peter, 723, 778 Copn (Mayan city-state), 261, 295, 329 Copernicus, 312 Copley Square, Boston, Massachusetts, 686 copper, 9, 13 Crdoba, Spain, 293 Corinth (Greek city), 77, 154 Corinthian order, 163, 164, 170, 175, 205 Corinthians, 122 corn, 3, 85, 88 Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 655, 683, 777 Cornwallis, Charles, 631 Correa, Charles, 78081 Corts, Hernn, 432, 477, 526, 557 Cosa (Roman colony), 154 Costa, Lcio, 726, 746, 756, 757, 782 cotton, 672 Counter-Reformation, 520, 52829, 536, 538, 542, 569, 578, 620 County Courts Act of 1846 (U.K.), 661 Court of the Lions, Alhambra, Granada, Spain, 431 Court of the Myrtles, Alhambra, Granada, Spain, 430 court system, 661 Cram, Ralph Adam, 674 Crane, Walter, 684 Cremona, Italy, 376, 377 Cremona Cathedral, Italy, 377 Creswick Residence, Castlecrag, Australia, 696 Crete, 6063, 76 Crimean War (1854-1856), 670 Criss-Cross, Colorado (artist community), 779 cromlech, stone circles, 24 Crompton, Dennis, 778 Cromwell, Oliver, 568 Croton (Greek colony), 122 Crozat, Antoine, 562 Crusades, 370, 374, 375, 566 Cruz, Teddy, 795 Crystal Palace, Great Exhibition of 1851, London, England, 646, 649, 655, 664 Ctesiphon, Iraq, 192, 212, 23233 Cuba, 698, 769 Cubic Dam, Ankara, Turkey, 740 Cubism, 7067, 716, 727, 742 Cubitt, Thomas, 622 Cultivation System, 712 Cumae (Greek colony), 122 cuneiform script, introduction of, 55 Curia Julia, Rome, Italy, 162 Customs House, Albert Dock, Liverpool, England, 638 cut-and-ll engineering process, 89 Cuzco, Peru, 435, 437, 480 Cyaxares (king of Assyria), 116 Cybele (cult), 248 Cyclades, 122 Cyprus, 1213, 76, 173 Cyrus the Great (king of Persia), 116, 117, 118 Czech Cubism, 706 Czechoslovakia, 739 Dacca, Bangladesh, 725, 775 Dacian people, 171 Dadu, 391 Dakhma (funerary tower), 629 Dakshinameru (Rajarajeshwara Temple), Thanjavur, India, 333, 35253 Dalai Lama, 176, 499, 587 Dalhousie, Earl of, 632 Dali kingdom, 392 Damascus, Syria, 301 Daming Palace CIty, China, 263, 28485 Daniel Burnham & Company, 691 Daoism, 113, 150, 238, 441, 499 Darbar Sahib (Golden Temple), Amritsar, Punjab, India, 551, 628 Darby, Abraham, 553 Dario, Rubn, 769 Darius I (king of Persia), 116, 118, 120, 173 Darius III (king of Persia), 120 Darwin, Charles, 653 David (king of Israel), 158 da Vinci, Leonardo, 471, 474, 537 Dawenkou culture, 5 Deane & Woodward, 652 death, civilizational cultures, 21 de Buck, Bob, 77879 Deccan Sultantes, 45255, 626 deforestation, 13, 160, 213. See also desertication de Fries, Heinrich, 706 Dehmel, Richard, 706 Deir-el-Abiad (The White Monastery), Suhag, Egypt, 254 Dekker, Eduard Douwes, 712 Delhi, India, 232, 404

Delhi Sultanate, 391, 4047, 437, 503 Delos, Greece, 113, 135, 136 Delphi, Greece, 125, 12627, 192 democracy, 113, 130, 656, 726 Dens tomb at Umm el-Qaab, Abydos, Egypt, 2021 Dertad III (king of Armenia), 276 Dervishes, 447 Descarte, Ren, 561 desertication. See also climate change Africa, 411 civilizational cultures, 17, 19 deforestation, 13, 160, 213 Egypt, 20 mining, 13 Sabaean kingdom, 107 de Stijl movement, 653, 713 Dezhou, China, garden at, 400 Dharmarajika Monastery, Taxila, Gandharan region, 182 Dholavira, 26, 27, 2829 Dickens, Charles, 656 Dictaean Cave, 60 Diego Rivera Houses, Mexico City, Mexico, 769 Dieste, Eladio, 772 Dilwara Temples on Mt. Abu, 333, 35051 Din-i-Ilahi (religious practice), 506 Dinnaga, 235 Dio, Cassius, 161 Diocletian (emperor of Rome), 208, 248, 254 Diocletians Palace, Split, Croatia, 2089 Dionysus Theater, Athens, Greece, 135 Discalced Spanish Trinitarians, 538 Diwan-i-Khas, India, 506 Djed column, 72 Djemila, Algeria, 194, 195 Dr. Bartholomew House, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 725, 789 Dodecapoli (Etruscan city), 99 Dodge Brothers Motor Car Company, Hamtramck, Michigan, 704 Doges Palace, Venice, Italy, 457 Dogon civilization, Mali, Africa, 485, 51819, 787, 797 Dolmens of Megaliths, 7 dolmen tomb, 23 dome(s), Baroque style, 571 Dome of the Rock (Haram al-Sharif, Jerusalem), 108, 293, 295, 3023, 306 domestic architecture, 38, 157 Dominican Church, Toulouse, France, 389, 423 Dominican Republic, 769 Domitian (emperor of Rome), 168 Domus Augustana (Flavian Palace), Rome, Italy, 168 Domus Aurea, Neros palace complex, Rome, Italy, 153, 166 Domus Flavia, Palace of Domitian, Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy, 153, 16869 Dongjing (Kaifeng), China, 356 Dorian society, 46, 80, 85, 98, 103, 121 Doric order, 12122, 124, 130, 158, 164, 170 Dorje, Rolpay, 602 Doshi, Balkrishna V., 761, 78081 dou-gong bracket system, 401 Dover Castle, England, 375 Downing, Andrew Jackson, 667 Doxiadis, Constantinos, 765 Dr. Bartholomew House, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 725, 789 Drew, Jane, 758, 782 Drop City, Colorado (artist community), 779, 795 Dubos, Ren, 765 Duiker, Johannes, 726 Dulesi Monastery, Jixian, Hebei Province, China, 333, 35960 Dura-Europos, 115, 135 Durand, Jean-Nicolas-Louis, 617, 625, 644, 652, 687 Durbar Square, Patan, Nepal, 553, 593 Durga Temple, Aihole, India, 263, 280 Durham Cathedral, England, 333, 37071 Dur-Sharrukin (Khorsabad), Assyria, 86, 87, 11011 Dutch East India Company, 559 Dutch War (1672-1678), 551, 560 Dvaravati kingdom, 28283 Dymaxion House (Fuller), 724, 734 Dymaxion Map (Fuller), 735 Dynapolis, 765 Eames, Charles, 754 Eames, Ray, 754 Eames House, Pacic Palisades, California, 725, 754 earthquake Andean people, 84 Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey), 366 Rome, Italy, 170 Zapotec culture, 257 East Africa, 321, 411 East Building, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, 777 Eastern State Penitentiary, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 639 cole des Beaux-Arts, Paris, France, 66869, 674 cole Polytechnique, Paris, France, 617 Edo period (Japan), 485, 553, 59091, 599, 600601 Edward I (king of England), 425 Egli, Ernst, 740 Egypt, 437, 698 architectural design, 7273, 174, 676 British invasion of, 653, 656 Bronze Age, 7, 27 calendar, 151 civilizational cultures, 2021 Greece, 121 Kingdom of Kush, 109 New Kingdom, 6473 Ptolemaic Dynasty, 113, 115 Roman Empire, 200 Stone Age, 4, 5, 7 temple construction, 55 timeline, 5657 trade, 412 urbanization, 25, 3946 Egyptian calendar, 153 Egyptian columns, 72 Ehn, Karl, 726 Eiffel Tower, Paris, France, 736, 768 Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany, 655, 708 Eirene (empress of Byzantium), 362 Eisen, Charles, 610 Eisenman, Peter, 723, 785 Ekistics, 765 Elamites, 33, 116 El Arenal, Mexico, 188 Elbe Philharmonic Hall, Hamburg, Germany, 766 El-Deir, Petra, Jordan, 174 Electrical Laboratory for the Ministry of Public Works, International Style Exhibition of 1932, Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, 742 Elephanta, Cave of Shiva at, India, 27879 El Escorial Palace, Madrid, Spain, 485, 530, 610 Eleusinian Mysteries, 125, 200 El-Hakim Mosque, Cairo, Egypt, 301 Elizabethan England, 485, 54850 Elizabeth I (queen of England), 548, 585, 643 Ellora, 176 El Manat (Olmec site), 90, 146 Elmina Castle, Ghana, 552, 556 El Mirado, Mexico, 153, 186 El Mirador, Guatamala, 190 El Openo, 153 El Paraiso, 26, 27, 52, 54 El Salvador, 189, 293 El Tigre (El Mirador, Guatamala), 190 Emerald Buddha, 635 Empire State Building, New York, New York, 738 Endell, August, 684 Engel House, Tel Aviv, Israel, 741 Engels, Frederick, 640 engineering, 698 England, 331, 333, 485, 551, 553, 61819, 622. See also United Kingdom Arts and Crafts movement, 677 Beaker People, 25 civilizational cultures, 23 colonialism, 560, 656, 737 Elizabethan, 54850 Georgian style, 581 globalization, 698 Hanoverian Rule, 599 Industrial Revolution, 636, 638, 640 Norman, 37075 public buildings, 65961 Stone Age, 3, 5, 27 Stuart kings, 553, 56874 English Civil War (1642-1651), 568

Enin, 296 Enlightenment, 555, 597, 611, 616, 619, 624, 631, 639, 641, 658 Enshu, Kobori, 493 Entenza, John, 754 environmentalism, 79697 Ephesus, Turkey, 192, 194, 196 epidemics. See plagues Equitable Life Assurance Society Building, Sydney, Australia, 696 Erechtheum, Athens, Greece, 115, 13233, 202 Eridu, 6, 7, 1719, 32 Eridu Temple, 7 Erlach, Johann Bernhard Fischer von, 574 El Escorial Palace, Madrid, Spain, 485, 530, 610 Esplanade, Calcutta, India, 630 Esposizione Universale di Roma (EUR), 725, 748 Ethiopia, 389 Etruscan society, 85, 87, 98, 99102, 121, 154, 173 animal sacrice, 104 architecture, 99 origins, 99 religion, 100101 temples, 102 Euboeans, 122 Eumenes II (king of Pergamon), 13839 Euphrates River, 1113, 1719, 32, 212 Europe. See also specic countries, kingdoms and cities Bronze Age, 7 Celts, 160 civilizational cultures, 2224 kingdoms of, 417 Minoan culture, 6063 Mycenaean civilization, 7678 steppe invasions, 435, 438 Stone Age, 5 urbanization, 25, 4751 European Baroque style, 536 Evans, Robert, 63 Evreux, Comte d, 562 Exeter Cathedral, England, 391, 425 Exhibition Hall for the Izmir International Fair, Ankara, Turkey, 740 Expo 67 (Montreal (Canada) Worlds Fair of 1967), 735 Expressionism, 653, 7068, 713, 726 Eynan (Levant) culture, 2, 3 Factory Acts (U.K.), 636, 656 factory aesthetic, 7025, 727 factory system, 63637, 702 Fahmi, Hussein, 676 Fallingwater, Bear Run, Pennsylvania, 725, 742, 745 Farnese, Alessandro, 520, 528 Farnese, Octavio, 528 Farnese, Odoardo, 528 Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois, 725, 753, 787 Fascist Germany, 750 Fascist Italy, 723, 74849 Fatehpur Sikri, India, 5045 Fathy, Hassan, 789 Fatimid Caliphate, 333, 38487, 446 Faxian, 238, 296 Federal style, 621, 645 Feininger, Lyonel, 718 Fells Cave, 2, 3 Fengchu ritual complex (Shaanxi Province, China), 87, 94 feng shui, 443 Ferdinand III (king of Spain), 429 Ferdinand V (king of Spain), 47071, 526 Fergusson, James, 678 Ferreri, Bonifacio, 532 Fertile Crescent, 1113 Fes, 429 Finland, 723, 725, 751 Finnish Athenaeum, Helsinki, Finland, 658 Finnish Pavilion, Paris International Exposition of 1937, 751 Fioravanti, Aristotile, 544, 545 re, 162, 165, 372 Fire of London, England (1666), 56869, 570, 573 re temples (Zoroastrianism), 182, 191, 212, 233, 234 First Dynasty (Egypt), 20 First Emperors Tomb, 153 Firuzabad, Iran, 23233 Firuz (Sassanian prince), 296 Fischer, Johann Michael, 578 Fischer, Theodor, 705 Fisher, Mark, 778 Five Rathas, Mamallapuram, India, 263, 280, 281 Flavian Palace (Domus Augustana), Rome, Italy, 168 Florence, Italy, 432, 46065, 531 Florence baptistery, Italy, 378 ying buttress, 372, 420 Foguang Temple, Wutaishan, China, 295, 29899 Fontenay Abbey, Montbard, France, 391, 41819 foods colonialism, 559 corn, 3, 85, 88 funerary, 46 Poverty Point, 81 religion and, 46 Rome, 157 Forbidden City, China, 437, 43942, 587 Ford Motor Company, Detroit, Michigan, 704 Foreign and Commonwealth Ofce, London, England, 659 fornix system, 204 Fort Commenda, Ghana, 556, 557 Fort Manoel, Malta, 556 Forum of Augustus, Rome, Italy, 16263, 171, 172 Forum of Caesar, Rome, Italy, 162, 163, 172 Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, 17172 Forum of Vespasian, Rome, Italy, 172 Forum Romanum, Rome, Italy, 16263 Foster, John, 638 Foster & Partners, 797 Foundling Estate, London, England, 777 Foundling Hospital, Florence, Italy, 461 Fouquet, Nicholas, 565 4D House (Fuller), 734 Four Courts, Dublin, Ireland, 597 Fournier, Colin, 723, 778 France, 367, 437, 474, 536, 543, 553, 61017 Egypt, 676 French Empire, 56068, 670 French Revolution, 597, 599, 614 India, 596 Francis I (king of France), 474, 560, 563 Franciscan Order, 527 Francisco Xavier Church, Dongjiadu, China, 699 frankincense, 85, 107 Franklin, Benjamin, 607 Franks, 208, 254, 268, 296, 322 Frederick II (Holy Roman Emperor), 389, 424, 464 Frederick the Great (emperor of Prussia), 580 French Baroque style, 573, 699 French Cubism, 706 French East India Company, 614 French-Egyptian Museum, Cairo, Egypt, 663 French Empire, 56068, 653 French Empire Building, New York, New York, 738 French Revolution, 597, 599, 614, 618 French Second Empire style, 674 Friday Mosque, Delhi, India, 622 Friday Mosque of Gulbarga, India, 452 Friedrich, Caspar David, 605, 624 Friedrich Krupp Werke, Germany, 703 Friedrichstrassenpassage, Berlin, Germany, 665 Friedrichstrasse Ofce Building, Berlin, Germany, 655, 714 Friedrich Wilhelm II (king of Prussia), 663 Fry, Maxwell, 758, 782 Fu Hao, Tomb of, 59 Fuller, Buckminster, 73435, 765, 779 Fuller, J. A., 672 Funan City-States, 231, 247 Funan culture, 24647 functionalism, 726, 755 funerary foods, 46 Furness, Frank, 674 Future Shack, 795 Futurists, 707 Gabriel, Ange-Jacques, 612 Galeries Saint Hubert, Brussels, Belgium, 665 Galerius (emperor of Rome), 248 La Galgada, 56, 57, 82

Galilee Chapel, Canterbury Cathedral, England, 371 Galileo Galilei, 536 Gallaratese apartments, Milan, Italy, 78485 Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milan, Italy, 655, 665 Gama, Vasco da, 502 Gamble House, Pasadena, California, 655, 681 Gandharan Empire, 151, 191, 214 Gandhi Ashram Museum, Ahmedabad, India, 780, 781 Gangas kingdom, 331 Ganges River, 97, 98 Ganj Dareh, Iran, 11, 12 Ganweriwala, 28 Gaou (emperor of China), 221 Gao Zong (emperor of China), 284 Garamantians, 121 garden(s) China, 400, 58889 England, 58485, 622 Japan, 488, 494 garden carpets, 232 Garden City Movement, 689, 712, 726, 731 Garden of the Master of the Nets, Sozhou, China, 400 Gare Austerlitz, Paris, France, 662 Gare de lEst, Paris, France, 662 Gare de Lyon, Paris, France, 662 Gare Montparnasse, Paris, France, 662 Gare Saint Lazare, Paris, France, 662 Garnier, Charles, 671, 763 Garnisonskirche (Garrison Church), Ulm, Germany, 705 Gate of Justice, Alhambra, Granada, Spain, 430 Gateway Arch, St. Louis, Missouri, 768 Gaudi, Antoni, 653, 684, 69293, 700, 743 Gaul, 13839, 16061, 208 Gaussian vaults, 772 Gautama Buddha, 115 Gaza, 173 Gehry, Frank, 723, 792 General Motors Company, Detroit, Michigan, 704 General Motors Technical Center, Detroit, Michigan, 768 General Post Ofce, London, England, 659 Geni, Maeda (shogun governor), 590 Genyue, garden at, 400 geodesic dome, 735 Geometric Period, Greece, 87, 1035 George I (king of England), 581 George II (king of England), 581 George III (king of England), 606 George IV (king of England), 622 George V (king of England), 709 Georgian architecture, 58183 Gepparo, Katsura Imperial Villa, Kyoto, Japan, 493 Gerasa, 205 Gricault, Thodore, 617 German Fascism, 750 German National Pavilion, Barcelona, 726 German Romantic movement, 624 German Shipbuilding Exhibition of 1908, Berlin, Germany, 703 German tribes, 208 Germany, 331, 684 industrialization, 653, 703 Ottonian, 36769, 424 Germigny-des-Prs, 295 Ggantija temple, Malta, 51 Ghaggar-Hakra civilization, 25, 27, 2829, 55, 96 Ghana Empire, 321, 411 Ghaznavid Empire, 331 Ghengis (Chengiz) Khan, 185, 402 Ghiyas, Mirak Mizra, 503 Giedion, Siegfried, 730, 752, 776 Gilbert, Cass, 691 Gilgamesh (epic), 19 Ginkakuji, the Silver Pavilion, Kyoto, Japan, 437, 445 Ginzburg, Moisei, 715, 716 Giorgis, rock-cut temple, Lalibela, Ethiopia, 414, 415 Giza, Egypt, 26, 39 pyramids at, 4244 Glasgow Necropolis, Scotland, 616 glass construction, 702, 706, 726 Glass House, Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne, Germany, 655, 703 globalization, 690, 698, 79197 Gloucester Cathedral, England, 370, 389, 425 Glyptothek Museum, Munich, Germany, 644 Gbekli Tepe, Turkey, 4 Gobind Singh, Guru, 628 Godaigo (emperor of Japan), 444 Godsell, Sean, 795 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 624 Gk Madrasa, Sivas, Turkey, 381 gold, 171, 526, 532, 633 Golden Gate, Vladimir, Russia, 363 Golden Temple (Darbar Sahib), Amritsar, Punjab, India, 551, 628 Goldnger, Ern, 777 Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur, India, 513 Gltepe, 13 Gomteshware Bahubali, 350 Gondola, Andrea di Pietro della, 523 Gonur, 26, 27, 3637 Gonzlez-Snchez, Guillermo, 769 Goodwin, Philip, 763 Gothic Picturesque style, 609 Gothic style, 331, 42022, 425, 542, 549, 64243, 652, 672, 675, 691 Goths, 159, 168, 208, 256 Government House, Calcutta, India, 597, 599, 619, 632 Government Museum of Chennai, India, 663 Government Secretariat, Mumbai, India, 672 Governors Palace, Kyoto, Japan, 590 Graeff, Werner, 714 granaries, 16 Grand National Assembly Hall, Ankara, Turkey, 726, 740 Grand Theater, Bordeaux, France, 660 Gratian (emperor of Rome), 249 Graves, Michael, 783 Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro (public bath), 25, 3031 Great Depression, 655, 698, 744 Great Exhibition of 1851, London, England, 649, 664 Great Fire of London, England (1666), 56869, 570, 573 Great Mosque of al-Mutawakkil, 305 Great Mosque of Crdoba, Spain, 295, 3067, 373, 387 Great Mosque of Fez, 429 Great Mosque of Isfahan (Masjid-i Jome, Friday Mosque), Iran, 333, 38283 Great Mosque of Samarra, Iraq, 295, 305 Great Plague of 1665 (London, England), 568 Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), 27, 4344 Great Reform Act of 1832 (U.K.), 636 Great Stupa at Sanchi, 17679 Great Wall of China, 183, 185, 214, 502 The Great Zimbabwe, 391, 415, 485 Greece, 3, 85, 87, 98, 268, 658 architecture and terms, 12324, 204 Athenian Propylaea, 134 baths, 206 Delphi, 12627 Erechtheum, 13233 Etruscan society, 100 festivals, 125 geometric period, 1035 Hellinistic Age, 13542 Ionic order, 12829 liberation of, 597, 644 Mediterranean Sea, 113, 121 Mycenaean civilization, 7678 Parthenon, 13031 philosophy, 113, 115 religion, 200 Roman Empire, 198, 200 Telesterion at Eleusis, 125 temple design, 12123 temple form, 1056 theater, 198 Greek cross, 536 Greek Revival movement, 597, 624, 632, 644 45, 657, 674 greenbelts, 730 Greene, Charles Sumner, 681 Greene, David, 778 Greene, Henry Mather, 681 Greene & Greene, 677, 743 Gregorian calendar, 151 Gregory XIII (pope of Rome), 580 Grenville, Thomas, 585 Grey, Forde, 581 Grifn, Walter Burley, 696

Gropius, Walter, 653, 677, 713, 718, 722, 723, 726, 728, 730, 736, 746, 752, 776 Grosseteste, Robert, 422 Gross Schauspielhaus, Berlin, Germany, 706, 707 Guadalajara, Mexico, 188 Guangzhou, China, 314 Guarini, Guarino, 542 Guastavino, Rafael, 686 Guatamala, 88, 90, 147, 189, 263, 26567, 293, 711 Guayabo (Mayan city-state), 330 Gubbio, Italy, 426 Gudea of Lagash, King, 1819 Guevara, Ernesto Che, 773 Guggenheim, Solomon R., 763 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain, 723, 786, 792 Guggenheim Museum, New York, New York, 723, 725, 763, 786 Guimard, Hector, 684 Guntupalli, India, 180 Gupta Caves at Udayagiri, 231 Gupta Empire, 231, 23537, 24445, 278, 312 Gurjara-Pratiharas, 340 Gushri Khan (Mongol ruler), 499 Gyeongbokgung, Seoul, Korea, 437, 443 gypsum plaster, civilizational cultures, 12 hacienda system, 552, 55758 Hadassah University Medical Center, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, 741 Hadrian (emperor of Rome), 108, 171, 194, 199, 200, 201, 202 Hadrians Villa, Tivoli, Italy, 192, 193, 2023, 208 Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey), 255, 261, 263, 27275, 363, 366, 373, 472, 517, 544 Hagia Sophia, Novgorod, Russia, 363 Hagmatana, Median city, 116 El-Hakim Mosque, Cairo, Egypt, 301 Halle au Bl, Paris, France, 622 Hall of Mirrors, Chteau de Versailles, France, 56365 Hall of Supreme Harmony, Forbidden City, Beijing, China, 440, 441 Hall of the Ambassadors, Alhambra, Granada, Spain, 431 Hal Saieni Hypogeum, Malta, 50 Hamburg, Germany, 688 Hampton Court, London, England, 549 Handel, George Frederick, 560 Han Dynasty, 151, 153, 183, 185, 191, 192, 193, 21920, 221, 231, 262, 296, 587 Hanging Gardens of Babylon, 11112 Hangzhou, China, 93, 356 Hanna House, Palo Alto, California, 744 Hanoverian Rule, 599 Han Tombs, 192 Hanyuan Hall, Changan (Xian), China, 28485 Hao (Xian), China, 85, 93, 148 Haram al-Sharif, Jerusalem. See Dome of the Rock (Haram al-Sharif, Jerusalem) Harappa, 6, 7, 2627, 28 Hardouin-Mansart, Jules, 562, 563, 565, 570, 575, 612 Hardwick Hall, Bolsover, Derbyshire, England, 485, 549 Hardy, Adam, 245 Hariharalaya, Cambodia, 293, 31820 Harrison, Peter, 583 Harrison, Wallace, 738, 757 Hashihaka Tomb, Nara, Japan, 260 Hassuna Culture, 12, 17 Hastings, Warren, 631 Hathor cult, 4 Hatshepsut (Queen of Egypt), 65, 68, 107 Mortuary Temple of, 57, 64, 6566, 72 Hattusas, 55, 56, 57, 7475, 77 Hawaii, 698 Hawa Mahall, Jaipur, India, 599, 627 Hawkins, Gerald S., 47 Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 571, 572, 583 Hebei, 359 Hecatompylos, Iran, 191, 233 Heidegger, Martin, 784 Heidi Weber House (Centre Le Corbusier), Zurich, Switzerland, 725, 783 Hejduk, John, 785 Hellinism, 113, 191, 205, 210, 212, 261, 366, 645, 657, 660 Hellinistic Age, 115, 13542 Helvetii, 160 Hengistbury Head, England, 160 Henry II (king of France, Henri dOrlans), 531 Henry III (king of France), 562 Henry IV (king of France), 531, 543, 561, 562 Henry VI (king of Hohenstaufen), 424 Henry VIII (king of England), 532, 568 Hephtalites, 238 Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 777 Hermogenes, 129 Herods Palace, Masada, Israel, 167 Herron, Ron, 778 Hersey, George, 103 Herz, Max, 676 Herzog, Thomas, 797 Herzog & de Meuon, 766 Hideyoshi (shogun of Japan), 486 High Court, Chandigarh, India, 759 High Italian Renaissance, 52025 Las Hildas (Andean ceremonial complex), 83 hilltop cities, 11 Himeji Castle, Japan, 484, 486 Himera, Battle of, 122 Himyar Kingdom, 213 Hinayana Buddhism, 176, 180, 242 Hinduism, 46, 293, 447, 593 architectural terms, 308 Cambodia, 31820 cosmology, 245 India, 62627, 628 Indonesia, 31417 Islam, 4047 Jains, 350 origin and growth of, 24445 Orissia, 408 rock-cut temples, 173, 261 Sanchi, India, 179 South Asia, 214, 27881, 389 Southeast Asia, 246, 247, 283, 392, 635 Hindu States, 391 Hindu temple complex, Isanapura (Chenia city), 282 Hindu Victory Tower, Chittorgarh, India, 679 Hiram of Tyre, 108 Hiroshima memorial, Japan, 776 Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 726 Hitler, Adolf, 723, 750, 752 Hittite Empire, 55, 60, 7475, 79, 85, 98, 110 Hobbes, Thomas, 561 Hoffman, Josef, 684 Hjer, Theodor, 658 Hollyhock House, Los Angeles, California, 655, 711 Holy Roman Empire, 293, 295, 36769, 391, 424 Holzmeister, Clemenz, 726, 740 Homer, 77, 103 Honduras, 293 Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Company Building, China, 699 Hongshan Culture, 5, 810 Honorius (emperor of Rome), 249, 250 Hood, Raymond, 738 Hopewell culture, 151, 191, 193, 228, 336, 337 Hopi people, 47576 Hpital St.-Louis, Paris, France, 566 Hor Aba, Tomb of, 7 Horta, Victor, 653, 685, 743 Horyu-ji Temple, Nara, Japan, 261, 263, 29192 hospitals, 56667 htel concept, 56162 Htel Crozat, Paris, France, 562 Htel des Invalides, Paris, France, 56667, 570, 620 Htel de Sully, Paris, France, 561, 562 Hotte, Pierre, 561 House at Stabio, Switzerland, 785 House for Dr. Bartholomew, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 725, 789 House of German Art, Munich, Germany, 750 Houses of Parliament, London, England, 597, 636, 643, 657, 660 Housmann, Georges-Eugne, 67071 Howard, Ebenezer, 653, 689 Hoysalas, 389, 409 Hoysalesvara Temple, Halebid, India, 409 Hsuan Tsang (Xuanzang), 235, 238, 242, 296, 312

Huaca de la Luna (Moche pyramid), 193, 22223 Huaca del Sol (Moche pyramid), 193, 22223 Huaricoto, 57, 82 Huari empire, 267 Hu, Vietnam, 635 Huitzilapa, Mexico, 188 Huizong (emperor of China), 389, 400401 human migration, prehistory, 1, 3 human sacrice, Andean people, 82 Humanyuns Tomb, 485, 503 Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 624 Hume, David, 607 Hungary, 363 Huns, 278, 435 Hunt, Richard M., 687 hunter-gatherer society, 4 Huntsman, Benjamin, 553 Husni Kubwa, Mozambique, Africa, 411 Hwangnyongsa Temple, Gyeongju, Korea, 263, 290 Hyksos people, 64 hypostyle halls, 67, 68, 69, 70, 141 Ibadan, University of, Nigeria, 782 Ibaraki Kasugaoka Kyokai Church, Osaka, Japan, 788 Iberia (prehistoric), 3 Ibn al Ahmar, 429 Ibrahim II, Tomb of, Bijapur, India, 512 Ice Age, 3 icons, 322 Ictinus, 130 Idaean Cave, 60 Iemitsu (shogun of Japan), 487 Ieyasu (shogun of Japan), 487 Ikshvaku Dynasty, 193 le Longue, South Brittany, France, 22 Il Ges, Rome, Italy, 485, 52829, 536 Illinois Institute of Technology (ITT) Library Building, Chicago, Illinois, 725, 752 Illyrian tribes, 121 Il Redentore (Church of the Savior), Venice, Italy, 522, 523 Imperial Forums, 153 Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, Japan, 711 imperialism, 551 Imperial Palace at Chengde, China, 599 Inca Empire, 435, 47980, 526 Ince Minare Madrasa, Konya, Turkey, 381 Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 787 India, 3, 85, 293, 391, 485, 50313, 780 Ahmedabad, India, 454, 761, 78081 Buddhism, 113, 14445 bungalow, 682 calendar, 151 Chandigarh, 740, 75861 colonial, 55455, 555, 63032, 656, 672 73, 67879, 709 Deccan Sultantes, 45255, 626 Delhi Sultanate, 391, 4047 Mauryan Empire, 98, 115, 143, 144, 153, 176, 214 modernism, 727, 75861 Moghul Empire, 551, 553, 555, 59495, 62629 New Delhi, 697, 709 post-modernism, 78889 Indo-Aryans, 85, 86, 9697, 98 Indonesia, 293, 31417, 331, 712 Indo-Saracenic style, 67879 Indus River Valley, 182 Stone Age, 3, 5, 7, 11, 16, 19 urbanization, 25, 2831 Vedic Indo-Aryans, 85, 86, 9697 Industrial Revolution, 597, 599, 63640, 665, 688 Innocent X (poper of Rome, Giambattista Pamphili), 532 Intercession of the Virgin, 391 International Beaux-Arts style, 698701 International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts (Paris, France, 1925), 717 International Style Exhibition of 1932, Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, Electrical Laboratory for the Ministry of Public Works, 742 Iofan, Boris, 736 Ionian society, 85, 98, 116 Ionic order, 12829, 158, 164, 170 Ipshir Pasha coffeehouse, Aleppo, Syria, 559 Iran, 151, 37983. See also Persian Empire iron, 85, 98, 553, 698 Iron Age, 57, 85, 87, 98, 321 iron construction, 646, 648, 649, 652, 662 Iron Pagoda, Dongjing (Kaifeng), China, 358 Iroquoian Language Culture, 436 Iroquois culture, 610 irrigation China, 284, 403 civilizational cultures, 17, 25, 32, 55, 85, 88, 146 Ghaggar-Hakra Civilization, 2829 Khmer kingdom, 392 Isaac Bell House, Newport, Rhode Island, 655, 680 Isabella of Castile (queen of Spain), 47071, 526 Isanapura (Chenia city), 282 Ischia (Pithekoussai) island (Greek colony), 122 Ise Jingu, Japan, 261, 28789 Ise Shrine, Japan, 262 Isfahan, Persia, 51415 Ishtar Gate (Babylon), 19, 11112 Isidore of Miletus, 272 Isis (cult), 248 Islam, 261 Africa, 321, 411 division of, 331 Fatimid Caliphate, 333, 38487 Hinduism, 4047 Holy Roman Empire, 367 Mongolian armies, 389 rise of, 293, 3017 Seljuk Turks, 331, 366, 37983 Spain, 389, 391, 42931 Islam, Mazharul, 780 Islamabad, Pakistan, 740, 765 Islamic mosques, 232 Island Villa, Hadrians villa, Tivoli, Italy, 203 sle de la Cit, Paris, France, 543 Ismail Khan, 507 Ismail Pasha (ruler of Egypt), 676, 699 Ismet Pasa Girls Institute, Ankara, Turkey, 740 Isozaki, Arata, 788 Israel, 727, 741 Israelite kingdom, 85, 108 Istanbul, Turkey, 448, 485, 51617, 586, 688 Italianate style, 658 Italian city-states, 333 Italian Fascism, 723, 74849 Italian Movement for Rational Architecture (MIAR), 748 Italian Renaissance, 435, 46273 Italy, 85, 98, 254, 268, 37678, 42627, 435, 437, 457, 46173, 485, 52025, 558, 723, 74849 Itsukushima Shrine, Japan, 389, 391, 399 Itten, Johannes, 718 Ivan III (czar of Russia), 544, 545 Ivan IV (czar of Russia), 545 Izmir International Fair, Ankara, Turkey, 740 Jacobs, Swinton, 678 jade, 88 Jaffa, Israel, 741 Jagannath Temple, Puri, India, 408 jaguar, 89 Jahn, Helmut, 784 Jahrhunderthalle, Breslau, Germany, 705 Jain Temples on Mt. Abu, 333, 35051 Jains, 350 Jaipur, India, 62627, 655, 678 Jaipur Town Hall, Jaipur, India, 679 Jalal al-Din Muhammad Shah (sultan of Pandua), 453 Jalisco, 151 James Dakin Bank of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 645 Jami Masjid, Fatehpur Sikri, India, 5045 Jami Masjid at Gulbarga, 437, 452 Jami Masjid of Ahmedabad, India, 437, 454 Jank, Pavel, 706, 742 Jansen, Hermann, 740 Jantar Mantar, Jaipur, India, 627 Japan, 231, 238, 333, 437, 48485, 48694 Buddhism, 260, 261, 287, 290, 296, 486, 490, 494, 590 colonialism, 555, 699 Edo period, 485, 553, 59091, 599, 600601 insularity, 597, 600

Japan (continued) Kinkakuji Japan, 444 Kofun period, 260 Korea, 592 Meiji Restoration, 699, 742 militarism, 699 Muromachi Period, 437, 444, 484 Nanbokucho Period, 391, 437 Nara period, 287 post-modernism, 788 Pure Land Buddhism, 331, 361, 398 Shintoism, 28789, 399 Tokugawa shoguns, 59091 trade, 69899 Japanese motif, 681, 685 Japanese Pavilion, Paris International Exposition of 1937, Paris, France, 725, 742 Jarmo, Iraq, 11, 12 Jasaw Chan Kawiil (Tikal ruler), 264 Java, 502, 712 Jayavarman II (Khmer king), 31820 Jayavarman VII (Khmer king), 394 Jefferson, Thomas, 619, 787 Jenneret, Pierre, 758 Jericho (hilltop city), 3, 11, 15 Jerusalem, 85, 86, 108, 168, 199, 293, 3023 Jesuit Order (Society of Jesus), 52829, 561, 610 Jetavanarama Stupa, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, 193, 218 Jewish calendar, 153 Jewish Museum, Berlin, Germany, 723, 786 Jiahu culture (China), 2, 3 Jian Ping, 240 Ji Cheng, 588 Jinci Temple, Taiyuan, China, 357 Jingdi (emperor of China), 184 Jiroft, 28 Job Charnocks Tomb, Calcutta, India, 596 John F. Kennedy International Airport, TWA Terminal, New York, New York, 725, 768 John Hancock Tower, Boston, Massachusetts, 770 John II Komenos (emperor of Byzantium), 323, 362 Johnson, Philip, 753, 770, 783, 784 Johnson Wax Administration Buildilng, Racine, Wisconsin, 694 Jomon culture (Japan), 2, 3 Jones, Indigo, 550, 582, 585, 621, 622 Jones, William, 631 Jordan, 108, 174 Joseon Dynasty (Chosun Dynasty, Korea), 437, 443, 592 Joyce, James, 726 Judaism, 168, 199, 249, 65051, 741 Judicature Act of 1873 (U.K.), 661 Julian calendar, 151 Julius II (pope of Rome), 472, 534 Junnar, India, 152, 176 Junnar Caves (India), 176, 180 Justinian (emperor of Byzantium), 26871, 272, 322 Justin I (emperor of Byzantium), 268 Juvarra, Filippo, 468, 575, 698 Kabuki theater, 597, 600601 Kadesh, Battle of, 74 Kaffeehaus Jngling, Vienna, Austria, 559 Kagithane garden, Istanbul, Turkey, 586 Kahn, Albert, 683, 704 Kahn, Louis, 741, 755, 774, 775, 781, 786, 789 Kahn System, 704 Kai, Yuwen, 297 Kaifeng, China, 356 garden at, 400 Kaijima, Momoyo, 795 Kailasnath at Ellora, Aurangabad, India, 295, 31011 Kalasasaya Mound, La Paz, Bolivia, 267 Kalcuris people, 261 Kallweit, Richard, 779 Kamakura Period (Japan), 391, 437 Kamei, Tobei, 591 Kaminaljuyu (Mayan city), 115, 146, 147 Kanamaru-za, Kabuki theater, Kotohira, Japan, 599, 600601 Kanauj, India, 340 Kanchenjunga Apartments, Mumbai, India, 781 Kandahar, Afghanistan, 143 Kanishka (emperor of Kushan), 240 Karakorum (Mongol capital), 402 Kark,Vladimir, 739 Karli, 192 Karl-Marx-Hof, Vienna, Austria, 726 Karlsruhe, 553 Karmi, Ram, 741 Karnak, Egypt, 56, 64, 65, 66, 6770 Temple at, 64, 67 Temple of Amun at, 57, 68, 69 Karun River, 15, 32 Kashi (Vedic Indo-Aryan kingdom), 85 Kasi (Indo-Aryan kingdom), 96 Kassite people, 55 Katsura Rikyu (Katsura Imperial Villa), Kyoto, Japan, 485, 49094, 590, 591 Kaufmann, Edgar J., 745 Kaupanger Stave Church, Norway, 388 Kawiil (Tikal rulers), 264 Kaya Federation (Korea), 300 Kbour-er-Roumia (tomb of the Christian woman), Algiers, 159 Kedah kingdom, 247 Keith Arcade, 655 Kelheim, Germany, 160 Kempthorne, Sampson, 640 Kesava (Somnatha) Temple, Somnathpur, India, 391, 409 Khafre mortuary temple at Giza, 43 Khafre Valley Temple at Giza, 43, 45 Khajuraho, India, 333, 345 Khandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho, India, 333, 345 Khasneh al Faroun, Petra, Jordan, 17475 Khiljis dynasty, 452 Khirokitia, Cyprus, 6, 7, 11, 1213, 14 Khiva (Khanate), 633 Khmer kingdom, 31820, 331, 389, 391, 392, 435 Khonsu, Temple of, at Karnak, 73 Khorezm (Khanate), 633 Khrushchev, Nikita, 736 Khufu (pharaoh of Egypt), 43 Khurram Shah Jahan (Mughal ruler), 503 Khusrau I (Sassanian emperor), 232 Khwarezmia, 633 Kievan Russia, 333, 363, 428 Kikutake, Kiyonoro, 776 kiln, brick construction, 19 Kilwa, Tanzania, Africa, 411 Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, 775 Kimmei (emperor of Japan), 290 Kingdom of Granada, 42931 Kingdom of Kush, 85, 87, 109 Kings Chapel, Boston, Massachusetts, 583, 631 kingship. See also politics Buddhism, 176, 389 China, 58, 283 French Empire, 560 Holy Roman Empire, 376, 424 Mesopotamia, 3233 Normans, 370 Kinkakuji, the Golden Pavilion, Kyoto, Japan, 437, 444, 445 Kipling, John Lockwood, 677 Kipling, Rudyard, 677 Kiyomizudera, Kyoto, Japan, 486 Kiyomori, Taira no, 389, 398, 399 Klee, Paul, 718 Klein, Alexander, 741 Klenze, Leon von, 644 Klumb, Henry, 769 Knossos, 56, 57, 6063 Koca Kalesi, Alahan, Cilicia, Turkey, 255 Kofun Culture (Japan), 231, 260, 263 Kogury Kingdom, 263 Koimesis, Nicaea, Greece, 295, 323 Kolbe, Georg, 732 Koolhaas, Rem, 723, 786, 792, 793, 794 Korea, 219, 238, 261, 263, 290, 300, 437, 443, 592, 699 Koroibos, 125 Kosala (Indo-Aryan kingdom), 96 Koshala (Vedic Indo-Aryan kingdom), 85 Kostka, Stanislaus, 537 Kotera, Jan, 706 Koumbi Saleh, Ghana, 411 Kovalam Beach Resort, India, 781 Krac des Chevaliers, Homs, Syria, 333.375 Kraus, Karl, 706 Kremlin, Moscow, Russia, 54445 Krier, Leon, 784

Place de la Concorde, Paris, France, 562 Place des Victoires, Paris, France, 562 Place du Palais, Rennes, France, 562 Place Royale (Place des Vosges), Paris, France, 485, 543 Place Vendme, Paris, France, 536, 562 plagues, 250, 391, 435, 437, 457, 470, 474, 566, 56869, 636 Planalto Palace, Braslia, Brazil, 757 plantations. See hacienda system Plato, 113 Playfair, William Henry, 644 Plaza of the Three Powers, Braslia, Brazil, 757 Pliny, 469, 573 Plutarch, 154 Plymouth Colony, 476 Poelzig, Hans, 706 Point West Place, Framingham, Massachusetts, 784 politics. See also kingship China, 85, 93, 183 civilizational cultures, China, 8, 10 Egypt, 39 Mesopotamia, 3233 philosophy, 113 Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka, 35455 Pompeii, Italy, 152, 155, 157, 170 Pont, Henri Maclaine, 712 Pop Art, 78384, 785 Pope, Alexander, 585, 609 Porden, William, 622 Porta, Giacomo della, 529, 534 port cities, 688 Porticus Eumachiae, Pompeii, Italy, 155 Portonaccio Temple, Veii, Italy, 102 Port Sunlight, England, 689 Portugal, 411, 502, 556, 590 Post and Telegraph Ofces, Mumbia, India, 672 Postmodernism, 723, 78386, 78889 Potala Palace, Lhasa, Tibet, 485, 499501, 604 potato, 88 Potos, Bolivia, 526 Poverty Point, 55, 56, 57, 81, 86, 88, 191 pozzolana cement, Roman architecture, 156 Praeneste (Palestrina), Italy, 156 Prager Strasse, Dresden, Germany, 723 Prague, Czechoslovakia, 706 Prague Academy of Painting, Prague, Czechoslovakia, 706 Prakash, Aditya, 780 Prasat Sambor, Hindu temple complex, Isanapura (Chenia city), 282 Pratihara kingdom, 331 Pratt truss, 702 Prayaga, India, 232 Preah Khan, Cambodia, 39495 prehistory, 14 preservation movement, 647, 787, 797 Presidential Palace, Havana, Cuba, 698 prestige architecture, 76667 Pretoria, South Africa, 697, 709 Priene, Turkey, 115, 129, 135, 13637 Prince of Wales Museum, Mumbai, India, 663 Princes Road Synagogue, Liverpool, England, 651 Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 683 prisons, 639 Privy Council and Board of Trade Building, London, England, 659 professionalism, 687 Propylaea, Athenian, 134 propylon, 79 prostitution, 59091, 600 Protestantism, 520, 532, 536, 546, 554, 568, 569, 581 Providence Plantation, 583 Pruitt-Igoe Housing Project, St. Louis, Missouri, 783 Prussia, Kingdom of, 624 Psamtik (prince of Egypt), 121 Ptolemaic Dynasty, 113, 115, 135, 140 public architecture, 653, 65963, 750 Public Works Ofce, Mumbai, India, 672 Puebloan Cultures, 333, 436, 47576 Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, 293, 333, 33839 Puerto Rico, 769 Pugin, August Charles, 642, 646 Pugin, August Welby, 597, 64243, 661 Pulesi, Chengde, China, 603, 604 Puningsi, Chengde, China, 603 Purcell, Henry, 560 Pure Land Buddhism, 331, 361, 389, 398 Puritanism, 568 Purple Heaven Hall, Mt. Wudang, China, 441 Putuo Zongcheng temple, Chengde, China, 599, 603, 604 Puyousi, Chengde, China, 603 pylon, Egypt, 68, 69, 73 Pylos, Palace of, 7677 Pyoungsan Academy, Hahoe Village, Korea, 592 pyramid(s) Moche people, 22223 Tikal Temple Complex, Mayan city-state, 263, 26567 Pyramide du Louvre, Paris, France, 725, 786 Pyramid Major, Caral, 53 Pyramid of Khafre (Chephren), 45 Pyramid of La Venta (Olmec city), 90 Pyramid of the Moon, Teotihuacn, Mexico, 146, 193, 22527 Pyramid of the Sun, Teotihuacn, Mexico, 193, 22527 pyramids at Giza, 4244 Pythius, 129 Pyu culture, 24647 Qalat Siman, 231 Qalb Lozah, 231 Qatar, UAE, 792 Qazim Khan, 507 Qian, Sima, 183 Qianlong (emperor of China), 176, 238, 587, 588, 597, 602 Qin (Chin) dynasty, 113, 148, 149, 151, 152, 176, 18385, 21920 Qingchui Peak, Chengde, China, 603 Qing Dynasty, 587, 599, 6024 Qingyi garden, Beijing, China, 58889 Qin Shi Huangdi (emperor of China), 149, 183 Qizil Caves, 238 Qosqo (Cuzco, Incan capital), 480 Quadracci Pavilion, Milwaukee Art Museum, Wisconsin, 793 Quanterness, Orkney Islands, Scotland, 22 Quatremre de Quincy, 668 Quebec City, Canada, 560 Queen Anne-style, 666, 680 Quetzalcoatl (Temple of the Feathered Serpent, Teotihuacn, Mexico), 227 Quing Dynasty, 553 Quirigua (Mayan city-state), 294, 330 Qutb Minar, Delhi, India, 407 Qutb-ud-Din Aibak (sultan), 389, 4047, 452 Quwwat-ul-Islam, India, 391, 4056 Rabbat, Nasser, 676 Rabirius, 168 Rading, Adolf, 741 Radio City Music Hall, New York, New YorkFrench, 738 Ra bin Shams bin Mansur, 452 railroad stations, 662 rainforest preservation, 787 Rajarajeshwara Temple (Dakshinameru), Thanjavur, India, 333, 35253 Rajarani Temple, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa, India, 348 Rajasimhesvara Temple, Kanchipuram, India, 295, 3089 Rajput kingdoms, 340 Rakhigarhi, 28 Rama I (king of Angkor), 63435 rammed earth construction, civilizational cultures, China, 10 Ramsses II (pharoah 0f Egypt), 64, 70, 71 Rani-ni-Vav, Patan, India, 34041 Ranjit Singh (Sikh ruler), 628 Rashtrakuta kingdom, 310, 340 Rauschenberg, Robert, 779 Rauza-I Munavvara (Taj Mahal), Agra, India, 485, 503, 5079 Ravenna, Italy, 249, 250, 254, 256, 271 Baptistery at, 253 RCA Building, New York, New York, 738 Rechter, Zeev, 741 record keeping, civilizational cultures, 17 recyled materials, 795 Red Pyramid, 42 Redwood Library, Newport, Rhode Island, 583 Reformation, 417, 520, 52829, 532, 536, 554, 568, 569, 578, 610 Reform Bill of 1832 (U.K.), 656, 657, 661

Shanghai, China, 699, 792 Shanghai Bank, 655 Shang tombs at Anyang, 57, 59 Shang Yang, 148 Shapur I (Sassanian emperor), 232, 233 Shara Mountains, 174 Sharon, Arieh, 741 Shavism, 283 Shchuko, Vladimir, 736 Shelburne House, London, England, 599, 606, 621 Shen Kuo, 356 Sher-e-Banglanagar, Dacca, Bangladesh, 725, 775 Sher Shah Sur (Mughal ruler), 503 Shigenaga, Nishimura, 600 Shi Huangdi (emperor of China), 148, 151, 183, 185, 219, 221, 495 Shiite Islam, 331 Shijiahe (walled city), 6, 7, 10 Shimabara district, Kyoto, Japan, 590, 591, 600 shingle style, 680, 681, 694 Shingonshu Honpukuji, Japan, 788 Shintoism, 261, 28789, 290, 300, 399, 487 Shiva Temple at Elephanta, India, 263, 27879 Shivta (Nabataean city), 173 Shklovsky, Viktor, 716 shopping galleries and passages, 665 Shore Temple at Mamallapuram, 263, 28081 Shrine of Imam Dur, Samarra, Iraq, 385 Shrine of Serapis (Serapeum), Hadrians villa, Tivoli, Italy, 202 Shun Chih (Shunzhi, emperor of China), 587 Shunzhi, 587 Shushtar, Iran, 233 Shuxiangsi temple, Chengde, China, 603 Shwezigon Pagoda, Pagan, Burma, 391, 396, 397 Sicily, 85 Sidon (Phoenician city), 85, 116 Siemens-Schuckert Werke, Germany, 703 Siena, Italy, 376, 42627 Sigiriya (Sri Lanka), 231, 243 Sigler, Jennifer, 793 Sikh movement, 551, 628 silk production, 543 Silk Routes, 173, 191, 219, 246, 293, 296, 331, 400 Silla Dynasty, 295, 300 Silla kingdom, Korea, 290 Silva, Jos Asuncin, 769 silver, 502, 526, 532 Sima Qian, 219 Simpson-Lee House, Mt. Wilson, Australia, 790 Sinan, Mimar, 516, 517 Singh, Sawai Ram, 679 Sintashta Culture, 36 Sirkap, Pakistan (Taxila, Gandharan region), 157, 182, 192, 232 SITE (Sculpture in the Environment), 784 Sixteen Kingdoms Period, 193, 231, 262 Sixtus V (pope of Rome), 620 Skara Brae, Orkney Islands, Scotland, 22 Skidmore Owings & Merrill (SOM), 723, 771 skylights, 702 skyscraper construction, 69092, 698, 714, 738, 770, 771, 792 slab stela, Egyptian, 46 slavery African colonialism, 696 colonialism, 556, 560 England, 571 hacienda system, 55758 Khiva (Khanate), 633 Slavs, 322, 363, 428 Smirke, Robert, 632 Smith, Adam, 584, 606 Smithson, Hugh, 607 Smythson, Robert, 549 Snefru (pharaoh of Egypt), 42, 43 Soane, John, 61819 Social Science Research Center, Berlin, Germany, 725, 784 Society of Contemporary Architects, 715 Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order), 52829 Socrates, 113 Solankis kingdom, 331 Solomon, Temple of, 108 Somapura, Mahavihara at, 295, 31213 Somapura Vihara, 295 Somerset House, London, England, 597 Song Dynasty, 331, 333, 356, 391, 392, 400 401, 444, 699 Songyue Temple Ta (pagoda), Dengfeng, China, 263, 286 Soufot, Jacques-Germain, 611 South Africa, 653, 656, 697 South America. See also Andean people; specic civilizations, countries and cities class structure, 698 irrigation, 55, 85 social organization, 113 Spanish conquest, 52628 Stone Age, 3, 5 trade, 257 urbanization, 5254, 88, 264 South Asia Buddhism, 113, 17682, 261 civilizational cultures, 16, 17 Hinduism, 24445, 261, 389 Kushan Empire, 151, 153, 176, 191, 193, 213, 214, 216 Moghul Empire, 553 religion, 191 Satavahana Empire, 176 Stone Age, 5 Taxila, 182 Temple of Jupiter Heliopolitanus, Baalbek, 21011 trade, 214, 216, 238 urbanization, 2831 Southeast Asia Buddhism, 191 development in, 28283 kingdoms of, 456 temple building, 331 trade, 24648, 392 South Metropolitan Cemetery at Norwood, London, England, 616 Soviety Union, 653, 715, 716, 717, 72627, 736 Spain, 208, 293, 331, 485, 502 Americas conquest, 42931 Counter-Reformation, 536 Islam, 389, 391, 42931 Spanish Baroque, 576 Sparta, 122 Speer, Albert, 750 Speyer Cathedral, Germany, 333, 369, 370, 422 Sri Lanka, 179, 218, 331, 78889 Sri Ram Center for Performing Arts, India, 780 Srivijaya kingdom, 331 S. R. Thompson House, New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, 666 Stalin, Joseph, 723, 736 Stam, Mart, 727 State of Illinois Building, Chicago, Illinois, 784 Statue of Liberty, New York Harbor, New York, 787 stave churches, 333, 388 steam engine, 553 steel construction, 553, 653, 690, 698, 726 Steiner House, Vienna, Austria, 694, 701 Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman, 94 steppe invasions, Europe, 435, 438 Step Pyramid of Zoser, 27, 42 Stern, Robert, 784 Stevens, F. W., 672 Stickley, Gustav, 677 Stirling, James, 784, 786 Stockholm Public Library, Sweden, 655, 710 Stone, Edward Durell, 763 Stone Age, 15 stone circles, civilizational cultures, 2324 Stone-Cone Temple (Uruk), 19 Stonehenge, England, 4, 25, 26, 27, 4749 stone masonry, 256 Armenia, 261, 27677, 36466 Greece, 85, 12122 Kievan Russia, 363 Kushan, 216 revival in, 255 Stowe Gardens, Buckinghamshire, England, 553, 58485 Stratford Hall Plantation, Montross, Virginia, 581 Strauss, Richard, 684 Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, England, 599, 609 Street, George Edmund, 661 Strickland, William, 645 Strutt, Jedediah, 637 Stuart, John, 606 Stuart Dynasty, 553, 56874 Stupa at Guldara, Kabul, Afghanistan, 216

Zeppelilnfeld, 725 Zeppelin Tribune, Nuremberg, Germany, 750 Zeus, 6063, 104 Zevi, Bruno, 747 Zeyrek Camii. See Church of Christ Pantokrator, Istanbul, Turkey Zhao Gong complex, China, 183 Zheng He (Chinese admiral), 484, 502, 634 Zhengtong (emperor of China), 439, 502 Zhengzhou, China, 55, 56, 57, 58, 86 Zhou Dynasty, 57, 85, 87, 9395, 115, 116, 148, 150, 152 Zhu Di (emperor of China), 439, 441, 49596 Zhu Yuanzhang, 439 Ziggurat at Ur, 27, 3435, 716 Zimri-Lim (king of Ugarit), 79, 80 zone of interconnection concept, trade, 25 Zoroastrianism, 113, 182, 191, 212, 233, 234, 629 Zoser Temple complex (Egypt), 25, 3942 Zuiderkerk, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 485, 54647 Zurich, Switzerland, 662 Zwinger, 553