$5.00 US

MUSIC VIDEO 101
Home Camcorder Production
Copyright 1993 - 2006 Timothy Dwelle. All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved. No Part Of This Publication May Be Reproduced Or Distributed In Any Form Or By Any Means Without The Prior Written Consent Of The Publisher. Published In The U.S.A. By DASH Entertainment Productions, Inc.
This e-Book was published in January 2001, and includes all text, graphics, and photos from the 1993 booklet.
Click on the links to open a Web page TIMTV.com
http://www.timtv.com TIMTV Blog http://www.timtv.blogspot.com MySpace http://www.myspace.com/timtv2
Visit my Web site and watch my video clips, courtesy of YouTube and Google Video
E-mail: webmaster@timtv.com Correspondence: TIMTV P.O. Box 2251 Douglasville GA 30133
Visit the Music Video 101 Update 2006 Web page
New information, and video production links! http://www.timtv.com/update2001 Special thanks to the following companies for providing photographs: JVC Panasonic Sony Newtek-Video Toaster In 1986, the original Music Video 101 was written about in Billboard magazine (September 13), and USA Today (Todays Tip-Off, Life section, October 2). Condensed excerpts appeared in the May/June 1988 issue of Videomaker magazine.
Here's what they've had to say about MUSIC VIDEO 101:
"MUSIC VIDEO 101 is the best how-to manual that anyone making videos can use." Anne Leighton, Managing Editor Hit Parader magazine, June 1994 issue Video View Column, Page 114
"A how-to manual for beginners and anyone looking to produce a demo-quality video, Music Video 101 is basic but thorough, and as user-friendly as any aspiring videomaker could want." Lorena Alexander, Executive Editor Guitar magazine, February 1995 issue Street Noise Column, Page 12
"Aspiring video makers seeking a production primer may want to explore 'Music Video 101- Home Camcorder Production'." Deborah Russell, Music Video Editor Billboard magazine, April 30, 1994 issue The Eye Column, Page 50
The 1986 and 1993 versions of MUSIC VIDEO 101 were created with Atari ST computers
About The Author. Since 1981, Ive done a little bit of everything in broadcast video production: Camera Operator, Director, Producer, Scriptwriter, Editor, Lighting Director, VCR Field Operator, Audio Mixer, Grip, Tele-prompter Operator, Video Assist Operator, Dolly Operator, Grip Truck/Van Driver, and Voice-Over Talent. My career began in April 1981, when I graduated with honors, from the Music Business Institute in Atlanta. I returned to MBI as a part time Class Projects music video instructor from March 1984 to February 1985. I taught students how to produce, direct, shoot, and edit broadcast-quality music videos on 3/4 broadcast videotape. (MBI was purchased by the Art Institutes Of Atlanta. MBI was founded in 1979 by Mert Paul. thanks Mert.) Career Highlights MTV music videos (1) Storm Inside My Head by Fortnox - Epic Records. Camera Operator and Associate Producer, for Group 7 Productions, 1983. Fortnox later changed their name to Bombay. (2) Rumble Tonight by Bombay, MTV Basement Tapes winner, April 14, 1985. Producer, Director, Scriptwriter, Co-editor. (Theres more about the show below.) * 8 television commercials for Warner Brothers-Elektra-Atlantic Records - WEA Atlanta, 1984-86. * Camera Operator for NBC Sports, Behind The Scenes, 1996 Summer Olympics. July 18 - August 5, Atlanta GA. * Hand-held Camera Operator for the NFLs Super Bowl Channel, on the SportSouth cable network, January 27-30, 1994. Georgia World Congress Center, Atlanta. * SuperStation WTBS, 1990-93. Freelance Camera Operator for WCW - World Championship Wrestling. * WATL-TV, Fox 36 Atlanta, 1993. Freelance studio Camera Operator for La Toya Jackson Step Up Workout home video. * For Video Tape Associates, Atlanta. Freelance Camera Operator for A Current Affair (interview), and Sound Mixer for an Aerosmith-Geffen Records TV commercial shoot, April 1988. * Freelance Camera Operator for Henderson/Crowe Productions Atlanta - TV station sales promos, taped in Hollywood CA (April 1984) with the late actor Vincent Price, for

a nationally-syndicated show called Halloween Thriller. HT featured Mr. Price as host, a magician, and music videos. Visit http://www.timtv.com to see the Greatest Hits & Photo Gallery from my television career. Visit my Web site and watch my video clips, courtesy of YouTube and Google Video. For fun, I enjoy the beach (any beach!), and playing basketball, golf, and several musical instruments. From (2) above: In the mid-1980s, MTVs Basement Tapes appeared once a month, and featured 6 bands, and their music videos. After the clips were shown, each band was given its own 1-900 telephone number, and viewers voted by calling the number (at 5O cents per call) of their favorite group. The winner was determined by the band with the most calls at the end of the show. On April 14,1985, Rumble won with 43% of the vote, and the band won a $5,000 Fostex 8-track recording system! On this particular night, the show was hosted by MTV VJ Martha Quinn, and comedian/actor Billy Crystal. After 6 shows, the winning videos competed in the Basement Tapes Finals, and the winner would receive a 4-song EP recording contract from a major record label. (In this case, Elektra Records.) Bombay appeared in the August 1985 Finals competition, which was won by The Sharks from New Jersey. Foreword The original MUSIC VIDEO 101 was published in July 1986, and sold for $25. It showed how to create a music video for the least amount of money, using broadcast TV equipment and personnel. This time around, Ive created something for everyone. from junior high school students to professional musicians. And hopefully, some readers will be inspired to pursue TV production as a career. Always take the work very seriously, but not yourself. Even if its just for fun, everyone involved should take a professional approach to the project. And you may encounter some musicians with tremendous egos, who are sometimes difficult to work with. Always keep your eyes, ears, and mind open to new innovations and education. Never be satisfied with what youve already learned, theres always something new. There are many types of instruction books and courses on audio cassette and videotape, including film and video production books. Business courses, music lessons, and foreign languages can be learned in the privacy of your home. Music lesson cassettes and videotapes are advertised in magazines like Guitar World, Keyboard, and Guitar Player. Take lessons from a star! And if you develop a passion for a career or project, develop a plan of action, and GO FOR IT! Especially, if someone tells you not to.

Table Of Contents

CHAPTER 1 - THE LEAST EXPENSIVE METHOD
The Difference Between Film And Video Major Music Video Costs Home Camcorder Connection List: Seven Requirements For The Least Expensive Method Requirement 1 - A Camcorder And Blank Videotape Camcorder Audio Input Rental Options Earphone Jack Camcorder Defined Record Times For Different Tape Formats Pickup Tubes Power (AC Or Battery) Fade Options Credits Auto/Manual Focus Control Zoom Iris Control Care Of Tape Stock Requirement 2 - A Camcorder Operator Hand-Held And Tripod Camcorder Operation Static Shot Camera Moves - Pan And Tilt (Diagram) Practice Tips Shaky Cam Requirement 3 - Lighting Outdoors With Sunlight Cloud Cover Indoor Lighting Auto/Manual White Balance Switch Requirement 4 - Shoot Location Options Requirement 5 - Performer(s) Instrument/Lip Sync Practice Tips For Performers Clothing Requirement 6 - Master Audio Audio Recording Options Live Performance and Multi-Track Audio Playback During The Shoot Requirement 7 - Special Audio Cables "Y" Audio Adapters Recording-Line Level Attenuator Plug Audio Cable Connection (Diagram) Two Options For Shooting The Least Expensive Music Video Without Editing
(Diagrams) Shooting Inside A Room (Diagram) Building An Outdoor "Room" Plastic Sheeting Plastic Garbage Bags Balloons Styrofoam And Cardboard Producer And Director Defined
CHAPTER 2: PRE-PRODUCTION PLANNING FOR SHOOTING AND EDITING How To Find An Editing Facility The Easiest Approach Editing Visuals In Sync With Vocals And Music "Source Footage" And "Take" Defined Reference Audio Audio For Scenes Before And/Or After The Song Stereo Master Audio Countdown Reference Audio Playback Audio Playback Operator Production Assistants Extras More Shoot Locations Extra Lighting Camera Mounts Snap Zoom Lens Filters Phrases A Director Uses During A Shoot Continuity Renting An Industrial Camcorder Cable TV Public Access Option Equipment Photos Diagram For Taping A Choir Performance CHAPTER 3: SCRIPTWRITING AND STORYBOARDS Beat Sheet Storyboard Blank Beat Sheet Form Shot Descriptions Scene Descriptions Camera Angles Cut Fade Headroom Take Cutaway Shots Overhead Maps For Shooting Planning Shots Beat Sheet Example

Take Sheet Slate After The Shoot Checklist For The Shoot Blank Take Sheet Form CHAPTER 4: BASIC EDITING Video-Only Insert Edits Cuts-Only Editing Frames Per Second (FPS) Control Track Crystal Black Slate Credits Elements Appearing On The Master Videotape Audio-Only Insert Edit Safety Master Video-Only Insert Edit In Point Preroll Editing With The Cuts-Only System Equipment Photos Pausing A VCR Freeze-Frame Editing Random Shots Without Syncing Visuals To Vocals And Music Editing In Sync With Vocals And Music Digital Displays On The Edit Controller Programming The In Points and Out Points Preview VCR Slipping Editing Off The Downbeat Making The First Edit In Sync With Vocals And Music Fading From Black Time Estimates Editing Checklist Computer Special Effects
The Least Expensive Broadcast Editing Options "Ballpark" Cost Estimates Tape Stock Dissolve A/B Roll Mix Time Code Recommended Reading (now part of the Update 2006 Web page)
Visit the Music Video 101 Update 2006 Web Page
New information, and video production links! timtv.com/update2001
http://www.timtv.com/update2001 Visit my Web site and watch my video clips, courtesy of YouTube and Google Video!
TIMTV.com http://www.timtv.com
TIMTV Blog http://www.timtv.blogspot.com MySpace http://www.myspace.com/timtv2

Chapter 1

THE LEAST EXPENSIVE METHOD
The Difference Between Film and Video Major Music Video Costs Home Camcorder Connection List: Seven Requirements For The Least Expensive Method Requirement 1 - A Camcorder and Blank Videotape Camcorder Audio Input Rental Options Earphone Jack Camcorder Defined Record Times For Different Tape Formats Pickup Tubes Power (AC Or Battery) Fade Options Credits Auto/Manual Focus Control Zoom Iris Control Care Of Tape Stock Requirement 2 - A Camcorder Operator Hand-Held and Tripod Camcorder Operation Static Shot Camera Moves - Pan and Tilt (Diagram) Practice Tips Shaky Cam Requirement 3 - Lighting Outdoors With Sunlight Cloud Cover Indoor Lighting Auto/Manual White Balance Switch Requirement 4 - Shoot Location Options
Requirement 5 - Performer(s) Instrument/Lip Sync Practice Tips For Performers Clothing Requirement 6 - Master Audio Audio Recording Options Live Performance and Multi-Track Audio Playback During The Shoot Requirement 7 - Special Audio Cables "Y" Audio Adapters Recording-Line Level Attenuator Plug Audio Cable Connection (Diagram) Two Options For Shooting The Least Expensive Music Video Without Editing (Diagrams) Shooting Inside A Room (Diagram) Building An Outdoor "Room" Plastic Sheeting Plastic Garbage Bags Balloons Styrofoam and Cardboard Producer and Director Defined * * *

tape. CREDITS - Some camcorders have a built-in Character Generator, which creates electronic lettering on the videotape. If your camcorder has flying erase heads, there will be a Cut ( a clean and instant transition) between shots every time the camcorder is paused. Credits can be shot after the music video. Before the shoot, print the lettering with a large Magic Marker on a sheet of paper, or with a typewriter or computer desktop publishing system. Tape each sheet to a wall. Use a camcorder tripod for steady shots. Shoot about 5 seconds of each page. For multiple pages, pause the camcorder as you change each sheet, or shoot continuously as a hand removes each page. Credits could be printed with chalk on a chalkboard, then erased (show the hand and eraser) at the end of each shot. FOCUS - Camcorders have an AUTO/MANUAL Focus control. AUTO mode will automatically focus the lens during taping. MANUAL allows focusing by hand. On some models, Manual focus is motorized, and controlled by pushing a button. While shooting, maintain a steady distance from the performers, and use the MANUAL setting. Zoom In all the way to one performer. Using your left hand (or button), turn the focus ring back or forth until a clear, sharp picture is seen through the viewfinder. Zoom Out all the way. Proceed to shoot. ZOOM - Most home video camcorders have a Zoom lens with a power Zoom control, which makes it possible to shoot several different shots from one camera position. During a Take, the camera operator can Zoom In or Zoom Out to show more or less of an area, object or performer. (Take means shoot attempt.) A Zoom can be slow or fast, and combined with Pans and Tilts in order to maintain proper framing of a moving person or object. Its possible to turn off the power Zoom control on a camcorder, and manually turn the Zoom ring on the lens with your left hand. This allows Zooms to be much faster than with the auto Zoom control. A common music video technique involves manually Zooming In and Out, while leaning left and right, back and forth. Limit power Zooms while shooting. The Zoom control on a home camcorder is not as responsive as an Industrial or broadcast camera. Zoom all the way Out, and move in as close as possible to the performers for proper framing in the viewfinder. IRIS CONTROL - Auto and Manual. The Iris gradually opens or closes to let in more or less light. While looking in the viewfinder, switch to Auto, and Zoom Out wide for a shot of a performer. After 5 seconds, switch to Manual. No further adjustment should be necessary. Always take proper care of videotape stock. Tapes should remain in their individual cases until ready for use. Read and follow the instructions on the package. Keep them away from sunlight, extreme cold, heat or humidity, moisture, and dust. Its a good idea to transport the tapes in a plastic bag until ready for use. Always affix a label to each cassette with the name of the performers, date, etc.

INSTRUMENT/LIP SYNC (To Be Or Not To Be) - Many performers dont know how to Lip Sync properly. The secret is to breathe normally. They cant be lazy, and just mouth along like a puppet. Each vocalist should practice singing their parts out loud, along with a tape recording of the song. (A rehearsal recording is fine for practice purposes.) By singing out loud, theyre forced to breathe like they would in a live performance. They should concentrate on not missing a single syllable, and the smallest of breaths wont get lost. When Lip Syncing with a microphone, the performers approach to the mic should be the same as if it were a live performance. After theyve gotten used to proper Lip Syncing, the band should practice Instrument Syncing along with the tape. If they have a drummer, the volume should be loud enough so that he or she can still rock out if necessary, without drowning out the song. (This would make the others lose their place.) Its not necessary to amplify the other instruments. After the band has gotten used to proper Instrument Syncing, they should practice Instrument/Lip Syncing at the same time. Ask them to pretend theyre on a stage in front of 20,000 people. Ive seen some confident first-time video performers suddenly freeze as soon as the videotape rolls. This is a natural response for someone whos never performed in front of a video camera before, but you can waste a lot of time waiting for them to thaw. Please remind the group in advance that the camcorder is nothing to be afraid of, and they shouldnt worry about making a mistake. Everybody makes mistakes, but those who are prepared make fewer. For vocalists whove never performed in front of a video camera, heres a way for them to rehearse before the shoot. Take a black sheet of construction paper, and cut out a circle that is approximately 3 inches in diameter. Presto! A practice camcorder lens. Each vocalist should have a practice "lens", and practice by themselves, at home. Have them tape the lens to the center of a mirror, stand 3-5 feet away, and practice Lip Syncing with a recording of the song. (Musical instruments are optional.) Encourage them to jive around while Syncing, while maintaining constant eye contact with the lens. Theyll still be able to see themselves with their peripheral vision. After theyve gotten used to staring at the practice lens, they should practice Lip Syncing while maintaining constant eye contact with themselves, and not look directly at the lens. Next, they should practice while looking around at different points on the mirror (like scanning an audience), while avoiding direct eye contact with the lens. This is the time to make intentional Bloopers, so they should relax, loosen-up, and enjoy themselves! By practicing this exercise several times, theyll be more comfortable performing in front of a camcorder. If a color TV will be used while the shoot is in progress, point the screen away from the performers. During taping, they should play towards the camera, and not watch the TV. CLOTHING - The phrase Dress For Success applies to music video, as a bands visual image is extremely important. Some rely on it much more than others. Ripped-up blue jeans, T-shirts, and sports shoes are fine for some; others will want nice clothes, or flashy, custom-made costumes.

When shooting instrument/lip sync scenes, the camcorder records visuals and Reference Audio, which is referred to during editing. Reference Audio will not appear on the Master videotape. During editing, and before each edit, the Reference Audio on the Source videotapes will be used to synchronize the Source video footage with the audio on the Master videotape. To record reference audio, the camcorders microphone can be used, instead of the audio cable and adapters specified in Chapter 1. If your music video will have scenes before and/or after the song, a microphone connected to the VCR can record dialogue or ambient sound effects. These sounds can be edited onto the Master videotape. Any pre-recorded sounds on an audio cassette can be copied to a videotape, then edited onto the Master videotape. Bring an extra videotape as a spare, in case of tape failure. Its unlikely, but youll be prepared. If theres an extra tape left over after the shoot, it could be used as the Master tape in editing. Always use brand-new and name-brand videotapes. Stereo Master Audio - Before videotape editing begins, the Master audio recording must be transferred (copied) to the Master videotape. The edited Master videotape will have 2 audio channels, so the Master audio recording should be transferred in stereo. Of course, when the Master or copies of the Master are played back through a regular mono VCR and/or a mono TV, the sound will be in mono. For recording options, see Master Audio in Chapter 1. If the band will record live audio (with or without an audience), its best to record live audio, then shoot/sync with a copy of the Master audio tape at a later date. If you and the band decide to record audio, and then shoot/sync immediately afterward, a second audio record machine should be used. The song should be recorded simultaneously with both machines. Use common RCA phono audio cables, and go from Audio Out (Left and Right) from the Master deck, to Audio In (L and R) on the second deck. The second machine and tape should be used for sync playback. Have a spare blank audio tape available. If problems develop with the second decks tape, a copy can be recorded from the Master. When recording live audio, the band may have to record the song several times before achieving the best performance and/or recording. Its very important to keep track of each attempt, also referred to as a Take: * About 5 seconds before each attempt begins, a band member should speak into a microphone, and identify each attempt."This is Take 1", "Take 2", and so on. * Before recording the first attempt, the person in charge of the recording should ZERO the tape counter. Then, write down the beginning and ending counter numbers for each attempt. Example: Master Audio Record Machine Counter Numbers Take l - Begin 000 End 123 Take 2 - Begin 124 End 249
Take 3 - Begin 250 End 374 This should eliminate any confusion about which Take to use when making a copy for the sync/shoot, or transferring the Master audio to the Master videotape before editing. If a second audio record machine is used for a same-day shoot/sync, also write down the counter numbers from that machine. If the Master deck and second deck aren't the exact same type, make, and model, the counter numbers will be different. Once the best version of the song has been chosen, this will make it easy to find the starting point on the second audio machine. COUNTDOWN - Whether in a studio, or playing and recording live, a band will use a countdown before each song, so that the musicians can start at the same time on the first beat. This could be the drummer hitting the drumsticks together 4 times, or a vocalist counting aloud, One, two, three, four". In a multi-track studio, an electronic click audio track is sometimes used, and is perfectly timed to the beat of the music. Countdowns are usually eliminated from the final mix of a Master audio tape. However, if the first beat of your music video will show musicians playing or vocalists singing, it would be best if a countdown can be heard on the copy of the song thats used for syncing. This will allow the performers to be in visual sync on the first beat. If needed, ask the band to record a countdown on the copy thats used for syncing. The countdown can be eliminated during video editing, by making an audio-only edit. REFERENCE AUDIO PLAYBACK - During an Instrument/Lip Sync shoot, the camcorder will record REFERENCE AUDIO (the song) during each Sync attempt. Its very important to use a high-quality audio tape machine for audio playback. The goal is for the audio on the Source tapes and the audio on the Master videotape to play as close to the same speed as possible. During editing, the reference audio on the Source videotapes will be used to synchronize the Source video footage with the AUDIO on the Master videotape. The audio tape that is used for syncing purposes will be subjected to a lot of stops, starts, and pauses. NEVER use a Master audio tape for playback during the shoot. A COPY of the Master should always be used. It wouldnt hurt to have a spare copy on hand, in case of problems with copy #1. For options, search the text in Chapter1 for AUDIO PLAYBACK DURING THE SHOOT. AUDIO PLAYBACK OPERATOR - If the band will provide the audio playback machine during the shoot, see if they can also provide someone to serve as Audio Playback Operator. Other candidates include a friend or Production Assistant. PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS - A PA lends a helping hand during the shoot. If needed, ask your friends if they could assist with simple tasks like helping to build props, loading and unloading the bands equipment, taping down cables with duct tape, running extension power cords, etc. Aspiring video professionals often get their foot in the door by working as a PA. EXTRA EXTRA - In addition to band members, music videos often feature actors and

actresses to help tell a story. You shouldnt have any problem finding family members, relatives, and friends who will volunteer to be part of the action. However, be careful when selecting Extras! Dont choose someone who is prone to being late! Never underestimate any persons ability to throw a monkey wrench into your plans by being late, unprepared or by not showing up, especially if they are expected to work for free. Give everyone a written schedule that includes the arrival time, a map to the location, and your phone number. It wouldnt hurt to call everyone 2-3 hours before the scheduled time of arrival. Determine how much time will be required for setting up video equipment, lights, and props. Ask the band to determine how much time it will take to set up their equipment. Lets say that you want to shoot at 12:00 Noon, and it will take 3 hours for you to set up, and 2 hours for the band. Then you and your crew (if any) need to be at the location no later than 9:00 AM, and the band no later than 10:00 AM. After setting up, everyone should take a short 15-minute break, and relax. Make Sure that everyone understands the importance of being Prepared, On Time, and at the Right Location, particularly if they depend on someone else for transportation. Too Many Cooks Can Spoil The View - As soon as each Take is completed, play back the footage for review - either in the camcorders viewfinder or on a color TV. If using a TV, its a natural desire for the band to want to see it too, especially if theyve never seen themselves on TV before. Unfortunately, this is when EVERYBODY becomes a Director, making comments and suggestions. If there are friends of the band or family members watching, the amount of unnecessary talking can get ridiculous, and waste shoot time. As a Director, let everyone know in advance that the goal is to shoot, review, and make decisions as quickly as possible. MORE LOCATIONS CLUBS - A local club with its own PA system and lights is an ideal location choice. The best time to shoot would be during off hours. Some bands may be able to obtain the use of a club for free, as a favor. Many clubs can be rented, and money talks. As an option, the band could offer to play one or two free concerts in exchange for use of the facility. However, theyll probably have to pay the house sound/light person to come in early for the shoot. For a low-budget shoot, its unlikely that youll get to shoot during normal business hours, which are usually at night. (Some cities have 24-hour clubs!) Repeatedly syncing to one song would be a disruption to non-participating customers, who have no reason to cooperate. The last thing a club owner or manager wants to do is lose customers. When shooting with an audience, dont make open invitations to Come Be A Part Of Our Music Video Extravaganza, or every troublemaker and rival band in town will show up. Try to hand-pick the audience, if possible. The audience wont be needed for the entire shoot because they wont be seen in every shot. Plan to tape the shots that will show any part of the audience first, then thank them from the bottom of your heart, and MAKE THEM LEAVE! Take a break, then tape the shots that wont show any

A Wide shot of a stage would show the entire stage, and all of the band members. A Wide shot of a performer would show the person from head to toe. A Medium shot of a stage would show a smaller area, and fewer band members. A Medium shot of a performer would show the person from the waist-up. A Close-Up shot would show a performer from the shoulders-up, or a guitarists hands and part of the guitar, during a lead solo. An Extreme Close-Up is a very tight shot. An example would be a persons face or a ring on a finger. Shot Description examples: Close-up of Lead Vocalists face, then slow Zoom Out to show from shoulders-up; Close-Up of Guitarists hands during solo. Include any camera moves when writing down a Shot Description on the Beat Sheet. SCENE DESCRIPTION - The action that should take place when taping a scene. As a Director, you should discuss the action with the performers and crew, before each Take. Examples: John looks nonchalant as the fire-breathing dragon crashes into the stage; Paul runs from stage left to stage right; Olivia should maintain eye contact with camcorder lens while singing. CAMERA ANGLES - Low, Eye Level, High A Low angle camera position shoots up at a performer, and makes them appear important, in charge, larger than life, etc. (Imagine standing front row center at a major concert, looking up at a performer.) An Eye Level angle camera position is the perspective of standing there eye to eye with a performer. A High angle camera position shoots down on a performer. It is often used to make someone look less important. CUT - When watching videotape playback, a Cut is an instant transition from one shot to the next. Editing involves the use of a Cuts-Only editing system, which can play back only one Source tape at a time. Editing with this type of system is simply a matter of copying shots - one at a time - from the Source tapes onto the Master videotape. A Cut is the point where one shot ends, and the next one begins. Note: During a Take, a Director may see or hear a problem and yell, "Cut!" to stop the action. FADE - Most music videos begin by Fading In from Black, and end by Fading Out to Black. In other words, the first shot gradually appears from Black, and the last shot
gradually disappears to Black. If your camcorder has the Fade from/to Black option, its possible to create the Fades when shooting the first and last shots of the music video. Some editing systems can generate the Black signal electronically, and allow the speed of a Fade to be variable, from very slowly to very fast. (A very fast Fade will simulate a Cut.) HEADROOM - Maintain proper framing in a camcorders viewfinder by leaving a small space between the top of a persons head, and the top of the viewfinder screen.

Preview, go ahead. However, the In Points will have to be entered again before making the edit. Regardless of whether or not an edit system is slipping, a Preview of every edit is not absolutely necessary. If its slipping, and a Preview occurs before each edit, it will take more time to edit, since the In Points will have to be reentered for each edit. Editing Off The Downbeat - Sometimes, a vocal part will begin just before a downbeat. To make an edit where the vocal actually begins, ask the Editor to: * Play back the Source tape, and press Pause on the first downbeat after the vocal starts. Zero the counter. While looking at the Source tape monitor, Jog the Source tape in reverse one frame at a time, until the vocalists mouth is closed. Pause. For example, lets say that the Source VCR tape counter now reads - 00:00:00:28 This means that the vocal begins 28 frames (almost 1 second) before the downbeat. * Play back the Master tape (Edit/Record VCR), and press Pause on the first downbeat after the vocal starts. Zero the counter. Jog the Master tape in reverse 28 frames (as per the example). Pause. * Zero both tape counters. These are the In Points for the edit. * Determine the Outpoint. Watch a Preview or make the edit. The procedure can also be used for an instrument part (like a guitar solo) that begins before the first downbeat. If the first shot of the music video will be in sync with vocals and/or music, heres how to make the first edit. Ask the Editor to: * Search the Source tape for the first shot, and Jog to the frame where the first sound is heard. Pause the tape. Zero the counter. (A) If the shot Fades-In from Black and the Fade was created by the camcorder, Jog the Source tape in reverse until a totally Black screen appears in the monitor, then Jog in reverse for 30 more frames. Pause. Example: Lets say that the Source counter now says -00:00:01:22 (1 second, 22 frames). Search the Master tape, and Jog to the frame where the first sound is heard. Pause the tape. Zero the counter. Slowly Jog in reverse for 1 second and 22 frames. Pause the tape. Zero both VCR counters. These are the In Points for the edit. Determine the Outpoint. Watch a Preview, or make the edit. (B) If the Fade from Black will be created by the editing system: Find the frame with the

first sound on both VCRs, and Pause both machines. Determine how long you want the Fade to last, from Black to 100% video. Example: Lets say that you want a 1-second Fade, and 1 second of video before the music begins. Jog the Source tape in reverse for 2 seconds (-60 frames). Pause the tape. Jog the Master tape in reverse for 2 seconds (-60 frames). Pause the tape. Zero both VCR counters. These are the In Points for the edit. Start the Fade from Black just after the edit begins. It may take more than one attempt to get the timing right. If there won't be a Fade from Black: Find the frame with the first sound on both VCRs, and Pause both machines. Jog the Source tape in reverse for 30 frames. Pause the tape. Jog the Master tape in reverse for 30 frames. Pause the tape. Zero both VCR counters. These are the In Points for the edit. * * *
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE? The number of hours spent editing will depend on the number of edits, the skill of your Editor, and how many Previews take place. The Beat Sheet will be a tremendous time-saver, as youll know exactly what you want, and where to find each shot before arriving at the edit session. Create a Beat Sheet Storyboard and determine the number of edits in advance, then discuss editing time estimates with your Editor. Like the shoot, I have no way of knowing your particular situation, but I can give you a ballpark estimate: For Syncing Visuals With Vocals And Music - During an edit session with a professional Editor, making an average of 6 edits per hour (one every 10 minutes) is a very reasonable and achievable goal. Some Editors will be faster. Example: Let's suppose that your music video will be 4 minutes long, and have 48 edits. (an average of one edit every 5 seconds) 48 (edits) divided by 6 (edits per hour) = 8 hours of editing. Simply take the total number of edits from your Beat Sheet Storyboard and divide it by 6 to get an idea of how many editing hours will be needed. If you wont be syncing visuals and vocals/music, your Editor may be able to make more edits per hour. Dont forget that it will take some time to transfer the Master Audio to the Master videotape. Blacking of the tape, and adding Credits or Slate will also take extra time. The fewer number of people present during editing, the better. Regardless of how many people attend the session, more will be accomplished in less time if the Editor and
Director can concentrate, and communicate without unnecessary interruptions. Everyone else should remain quiet.
Editing Checklist To print this checklist, visit http://www.timtv.com/mv101/edit.html
Videotape Formats: Source VCR___________ Edit VCR (Master Videotape)_________ Number Of Videotapes Needed______ Editing Studio Rate - $_____ Per Hour Number Of Videotapes Needed For Copies Of The Master_____ Copies Of The Master: ____ Copies X $____ Per Copy Other ____________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ Computer Special Effects Desktop video is now the rage. Many companies manufacture computer-based effects equipment, with amazing effects and 3D animation, for a reasonable price. And they are available for IBM PC compatible and Apple Macintosh computers. There are many types and manufacturers of special effects, which are used during videotape editing. Basic effects allow you to alter the color of video Source footage. The most expensive equipment commands high dollars - the sale price of the equipment, and the hourly rate charged to a client. Many small editing studios offer special effects at reasonable prices. When talking with editing studios, ask each one what type. of effects they have, and the cost. If youre interested, ask to see a demonstration. This could change the way you approach a script and shoot. The common and best way to edit with effects is to use an editing system with built-in effects equipment. As each edit is made, the Source footage is routed into the effects gear, and the output is recorded onto the Master tape. Another way is to edit with a Cuts-Only system. Then, using an editing system with effects, playback the Master (in its entirety) as a Source tape, while routing the video signal through the effects gear. The Edit/Record VCR will record a new Master, with effects. Another way is to record copies of all of the original Source tapes, as they are

Recommended Reading

* This section is now Online *
New information, and video production links! http://www.timtv.com/update2001
Visit my Web site and watch my video clips, courtesy of YouTube and Google Video!
Copyright 1993 - 2006 Timothy Dwelle. All Rights Reserved.

3-255-983-12 (1)

DVD Player

Operating Instructions

Owners Record
The model and serial numbers are located on the bottom of the unit. Record these numbers in the space provided below. Refer to these numbers whenever you call upon your Sony dealer regarding this product. Model No. MV-101 Serial No. For installation and connections, see the supplied installation/connections manual.

MV-101

2003 Sony Corporation

Warning

You are cautioned that any changes or modifications not expressly approved in this manual could void your authority to operate this equipment.

Welcome !

Thank you for purchasing this Sony DVD Player. You can enjoy its various features even more with: DVD/Video CD/Audio CD playback. Support DTS/Dolby digital through optical digital output terminal. MP3 file playback. CD-R/CD-RW which can have a session added can be played (page 5). Supplied controller accessory Card remote commander RM-X135

CAUTION

The use of optical instruments with this product will increase eye hazard.
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.

Copyrights

This product incorporates copyright protection technology that is protected by method claims of certain U.S. patents, other intellectual property rights owned by Macrovision Corporation, and other rights owners. Use of this copyright protection technology must be authorized by Macrovision Corporation, and is intended for home and other limited viewing uses only unless otherwise authorized by Macrovision Corporation. Reverse engineering or disassembly is prohibited. Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories. Dolby, Pro Logic, and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. Confidential unpublished works. Copyright 1998-1999 Dolby Laboratories. All rights reserved. DTS, DTS Digital Surround and DTS Digital Out are trademarks of Digital Theater Systems, Inc.

DANGER

INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION WHEN OPEN. AVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM.
This is located on the drive unit's internal chassis.

Table of Contents

Precautions.. 4 About this manual.. 4 About discs this player can play. 5 Notes on discs.. 7 About MP3 files.. 8 Location of controls.. 10

Changing Setup

Displaying the multi-angle notice ANGLE MARK.. 20 Displaying captions for viewers with hearing difficulties CAPTIONS.. 21 Setting the screen saver SCR SAVER.. 22 Selecting the speaker mode SPEAKER SETUP.. 22 Selecting the audio output mode AUDIO OUT.. 23 Selecting the compression setting for the sound DYNAMIC.. 23 Selecting the TV color system COLOR SYSTEM.. 24 Selecting the audio language for DVD AUDIO.. 24 Displaying the subtitles for DVD SUBTITLE.. 25 Selecting the DVD menu language DISC MENU.. 25 Preparing for the initial parental setting. 26
Setting the password.. 26 Selecting the desired parental setting PARENTAL.. 26 Changing your password PASSWORD.. 27

Getting Started

Resetting the player.. 12

DVD/Video CD/ CD Player

Playing a disc.. 13
Searching a chapter/title/track directly.. 14 Resume playback.. 14 Turning off this player... 14 MP3 file playback with the menu display. 15
Displaying running time.. 15 Changing the subtitle language.. 16 Using a DVD menu.. 17
Using the TOP MENU button.. 17 Using the MENU button.. 17
Changing the audio language. 18 Changing angles.. 18 Changing the audio output.. 19 Using the PBC (playback control) function. 19
Returning this player to the factory setting DEFAULTS.. 28 Setting the menu display for MP3 files SMART NAV.. 28

Additional Information

Maintenance... 29 Specifications.. 30 Troubleshooting.. 31 Error display.. 33 Language Code List.. 34

Precautions

To avoid the risk of injury or accident, read the following precautions before installing and operating the player.

About this manual

Conventions Instructions in this manual describe how to use this player by using the controls on the supplied wireless remote commander. The icons below are used in this manual: Icon Meaning Indicates a DVD function. Indicates a Video CD function. Indicates an Audio CD function. Indicates the function of a CD containing MP3 file.

For driver's safety

Comply with your local traffic rules and regulations. While driving The driver must not watch or operate the player. It may lead to distraction and cause an accident. Park your car in a safe place to watch and operate the player. While operating Do not insert your hands, fingers or foreign object into the player. It may cause injury or damage to the player. Keep small articles out of the reach of children. If the player does not work, check the connections first. If everything is in order, check the fuse. If your car was parked in direct sunlight, allow the player to cool off before operating it. Avoid installing the player in places: subject to temperature below 30 C ( 22 F) or above 65 C (113 F). subject to direct sunlight. near heat sources (such as heaters). exposed to rain or moisture. exposed to excessive dust or dirt. subject to excessive vibration. subject to heat: Keep all products away from nearby hot vehicle components that heat up over time such as hoses, high current wires, and braking systems components. Make sure to leave enough room for ventilation on openings and slots to protect from over heating. If you have any questions or problems concerning this player, please consult your nearest Sony dealer.

Moisture condensation

On a rainy day or in a very damp area, moisture condensation may occur inside the lenses. Should this occur, the player will not operate properly. In such a case, remove the disc and wait for about an hour until the moisture has evaporated.

To maintain high sound quality
Be careful not to splash juice or other soft drinks onto the player or discs.
About discs this player can play
This player can play 12 cm (4 7/10 in) disc only. DVD Video CD Audio CD CD-R/CD-RW Disc type DVD Videos Label on the disc
Region code of DVDs this player can play
This player has a region code printed on the rear of the player and will only play DVDs that are labeled with identical region codes. DVDs labeled will also be played on this player. If you try to play any other DVD, the message WRONG REGION will appear on the screen. Depending on the DVD, the region code indication may not appear even if the DVD is prohibited by area restrictions.
MODEL NO. DVD PLAYER DC:12

Region code

Video CDs

Audio CDs

Cautions This player CANNOT play these discs. DVD-Audio DVD-RAM DVD-ROM DVD-RW DVD-R Active-Audio (Data) Photo-CD VSD CD-Extra (Data) Mixed CD (Data) CD-ROM a disc recorded in Multi Session This product incorporates copyright protection technology that is protected by method claims of certain U.S. patents and other intellectual property rights owned by Macrovision Corporation and other rights owners. Use of this copyright protection technology must be authorized by Macrovision Corporation, and is intended for home and other limited viewing uses only unless otherwise authorized by Macrovision Corporation. Reverse engineering or disassembly is prohibited.

MP3 files

continue to next page t
Notes on CD-Rs (recordable CDs)/ CD-RWs (rewritable CDs)
Some CD-Rs/CD-RWs (depending on the equipment used for its recording or the condition of the disc) may not play on this unit. You cannot play a CD-R/CD-RW that is not finalized*. You can play MP3 files recorded on CDROMs, CD-Rs, and CD-RWs.
* A process necessary for a recorded CD-R/CD-RW disc to be played on the audio CD player.
Note on PBC (Playback Control) (Video CDs) This player conforms to Ver. 1.1 and Ver. 2.0 of Video CD standards. You can enjoy two kinds of playback according to the disc type. Disc type You can

Terms for discs

DVD structure

Disc Title Chapter

Video CDs without Video playback (moving pictures) as well as music. PBC functions (Ver. 1.1 discs) Video CDs with PBC functions (Ver. 2.0 discs) Interactive software with menu screens displayed on the monitor (PBC Playback) Video playback functions High-resolution still pictures if they are included on the disc.

Video CD/Audio CD structure

Disc Track

Note on DTS-encoded CDs When playing DTS*-encoded CDs, excessive noise will be heard from the analog stereo outputs. To avoid possible damage to the audio system, the consumer should take proper precautions when the analogue stereo outputs of this player is connected to an amplification system. To enjoy DTS Digital Surround playback, an external 5.1-channel DTS Digital Surround decoder system must be connected to the digital output of this player.
* DTS, DTS Digital Surround and DTS Digital Out are trademarks of Digital Theater Systems, Inc.
Title The longest section of a picture or music feature on a DVD, e.g., a movie for video software, or an album for audio software, etc. Chapter Sections of a picture or a music feature that are smaller than titles. A title is composed of several chapters. Each chapter is assigned a chapter number enabling you to locate the chapter you want. Depending on the disc, chapters may not be recorded. Track Sections of a picture or a music feature on a Video CD/Audio CD. Each track is assigned a track number enabling you to locate the track you want. Scene On a Video CD with PBC (playback control) functions, the menu screens, moving pictures and still pictures are divided into sections called scenes. Each scene is assigned a scene number enabling you to locate the scene you want.

Notes on discs

To keep the disc clean, do not touch the surface. Handle the disc by its edge. Keep your discs in their cases or disc magazines when not in use. Do not subject the discs to heat/high temperature. Avoid leaving them in parked cars or on dashboards/rear trays.
You cannot play 8 cm (3 in) CDs. Before playing, clean the discs with a commercially available cleaning cloth. Wipe each disc from the center out. Do not use solvents such as benzine, thinner, commercially available cleaners, or antistatic spray intended for analog discs.
Music discs encoded with copyright protection
Do not attach labels, or use discs with sticky ink/residue. Such discs may stop spinning when used, causing a malfunction, or may ruin the disc. This product is designed to play back discs that conform to the Compact Disc (CD) standard. Recently, various music discs encoded with copyright protection are marketed by some record companies. Please be aware that among those discs, there are some that do not conform to the CD standard and may not be playable by this product.

If a disc is already inserted, press u to start playback.
Searching a chapter/title/track directly

Turning off this player

Press (POWER) to turn off this player.
During playback or pause, press (SEARCH) to display search screen. DVD Each time you press (SEARCH), the search screen toggles between Title and Chapter. Video CD (only when PBC is off)/Audio CD The track search screen appears. Press the number buttons to enter the desired chapter/title/track number. Press (ENTER).

Note You cannot set 0.

Resume playback
During playback, press x to stop. The player memorizes the point where playback is stopped. DVD/Video CD/Audio CD PRESS PLAY TO CONTINUE flashes on the screen. Press u to start playback. When resume playback is activated, playback starts from the point where playback is stopped. When resume playback is deactivated, playback starts from the beginning. MP3 When resume playback is activated, playback starts from the beginning of the MP3 file (track) during which you stopped playback.
Notes To deactivate the resume function, press x again while playback is stopped or eject the disc from the player. The player stores the point where you stopped playback for the disc currently in the player. The resume function will be deactivated: when the disc is ejected. If the resume function is activated during fast/ slow forward or fast/slow reverse playback, normal playback starts when you press u.
MP3 file playback with the menu display
If you have set SMART NAV to WITH MENU (page 28) and play a CD containing MP3 files, the menu display for folder names and MP3 file names will appear. You can easily search the desired MP3 file with the SMART NAV menu display.

Displaying running time

You can display the running time of DVDs, Video CDs and Audio CDs.
Insert a CD containing MP3 files in this player. The SMART NAV menu display appears.

SMART NAVI

ROOT ROOT FOLDER 1 FOLDER 2 FOLDER 3
Press the number buttons to select the desired folder. M/,/m/< buttons are also available to select the desired folder. If you select the folder 1, the MP3 file names in the folder 1 appear.
During playback, press (DISPLAY). The running time is displayed at the upper left. DVD 1 Press (DISPLAY) while the running time is displayed. 2 Each time you press (DISPLAY), the display changes as follows:
TITLE 01/01 CHAPTER 02/05 00:24:50 Dolby D* TITLE REMAIN Dolby D* 01:25:41 CHAPTER ELAPSED Dolby D* 00:01:48

ROOT FOLDER 1 FOLDER 2 FOLDER 3 __ SCHUBERT BACH MOZART CHOPIN BRAHMS 4 5
Press the number buttons to select the desired MP3 file. M/,/m/< buttons are also available to select the desired MP3 file. Playback starts.
CHAPTER REMAIN Dolby D* 00:03:26 OFF
To turn off the menu display for MP3 files, set SMART NAV to NO MENU (page 28).
Note To deactivate the resume function, press x again while playback is stopped or eject the disc from the player.
* The format of the sound source (Dolby D, DTS, or LPCM) may appear.
To exit the display for running time, press (DISPLAY) repeatedly to select OFF. continue to next page t
Video CD (when PBC is set to OFF)/CD 1 Press (DISPLAY) while the running time is displayed. 2 Each time you press (DISPLAY), the display changes as follows:
SINGLE ELAPSED 00:00:12 SINGLE REMAIN 00:04:45
Changing the subtitle language
Some DVDs have recorded subtitles in one or more languages. You can turn the subtitles on or off, or change the subtitle language on such DVDs.

TOTAL ELAPSED 00:06:32

TOTAL REMAIN 00:41:15 OFF

MENU ENTER AUDIO ANGLE

To exit the display for running time, press (DISPLAY) repeatedly to select OFF.
Press (SUBTITLE), during playback. The subtitle language is displayed at the upper left.
Example: a subtitle language display

02/32 : ENGLISH

Each time you press (SUBTITLE), the language switches within the list of subtitle languages recorded on the disc. When the display for the language code appears, input the language code corresponding to the desired language (page 34).
Notes You can also change the subtitle languages by changing Setup*. See Displaying the subtitles for DVD SUBTITLE (page 25). * You can change to a specific subtitle language using a setup menu, only if the language is included in both the disc and the setup screen. If you want to hide the subtitles, press (SUBTITLE) repeatedly to select OFF. This function varies or may not work, depending on the DVD.

Using a DVD menu

With some DVDs you can use the original menu such as Title menu and DVD menu. You can play your favorite scene or song by selecting titles of songs and scenes during a DVD playback. You can select an item, subtitle language, audio language etc. by selecting a DVD menu. The contents of title menus and DVD menus differ, depending on the DVD. There may be some DVDs which have no recorded menus.

Using the MENU button

Some DVDs have more comprehensive Menu that includes such things as the audio languages, subtitle languages, titles, and chapters, etc.
During a DVD playback, press (MENU). The DVD menu is displayed. Press M/,/m/< to select the desired item. Press (ENTER)*.
* If additional selection screens appear, repeat step 2 and 3.

MENU ANGLE ENTER AUDIO

M/m </,

INPUT MONITOR POWER

Notes Some DVDs do not have a DVD menu and on some DVDs, the contents of the DVD menu and title menu are the same. On some DVDs, DVD Menu may be expressed as MENU. Some DVDs, Press ENTER may be expressed as Press SELECT in step 3. The contents of the DVD menu differ, depending on the DVD. Read the instruction manual supplied with a DVD.
Using the TOP MENU button
Some DVDs have a title menu. From the title menu you can select a title for playback. Titles are the longest sections of a picture or music feature on a DVD, e.g., a movie, or an album for audio software, etc. The TOP MENU button is available to display the initial menu screen.
During DVD playback, press (TOP MENU). The top menu* (titles) is displayed.
* The contents of the top menu differ, depending on the DVD.
Press M/,/m/< to select the desired title. Press (ENTER). The title you selected starts to play.
Changing the audio language
Some DVDs have multiple audio languages you can choose from.

Changing angles

Some DVDs have multiple alternative angles recorded for certain scenes. If you have set ANGLE MARK to ON (page 21), a notice appears for 3 seconds at the scene. If ANGLE MARK is not set to ON, the notice does not appear at the scene.

AUDIO SETUP

During playback, press (AUDIO) repeatedly to select the desired audio language. The current audio language is displayed at the upper left. Example: an audio language display

AUDIO 1/2: Dolby D 5.1 ENGLISH
The format of the sound source (Dolby D, DTS, or LPCM) may appear.
During playback of a DVD having multiple alternative angles recorded, press (ANGLE)when a notice appears. The number of the currently selected angle is displayed at the upper right. Press (ANGLE) repeatedly to select your favorite angle number, while the angle number is displayed. Each time you press (ANGLE), the angle number switches.
When the display for the language code appears, input the language code corresponding to the desired language (page 34).
Notes You can switch the audio language only if multiple audio languages are recorded on the DVD. You can also change the audio languages by using the DVD menu (page 17) or the setup screen* (page 24). * You can change to a specific audio language using a setup screen, only if the language is included in both the disc and the setup screen. This function varies or may not work, depending on the DVD.
The angle number you have currently selected/the total number of multiple alternative angles
Notes You can switch the angle only if multiple angles are recorded on the DVD. The total number of recorded angles differs depending on the DVD and scene. You can only switch the angle during normal playback. You cannot switch the angle during fast forward/reverse playback. When the selected scene with multi angles appears, the angle is automatically switched to the angle number you selected in step 2.
Changing the audio output
You can select the desired audio output from STEREO, L-MONO, R-MONO, or MIXMONOduring Video CD or Audio CD playback.
Using the PBC (playback control) function
During playback of a PBC compatible Video CD, you can display the PBC menu and select the item from the menu.
MENU ENTER MENU ENTER AUDIO ANGLE

O AUDIO

SETUP SETUP

./> u

During playback, press (AUDIO). The current output is displayed at the upper left.
Example: an audio output display

L-MONO

Press (AUDIO) to select the desired output from STEREO, L-MONO, RMONO, or MIX-MONO while the output is displayed. Each time you press(AUDIO), the output switches.
Insert a Video CD, then press (TOP MENU) repeatedly to select PBC ON. Depending on the Video CD, the PBC menu may be displayed automatically after inserting a Video CD. Each time you press (TOP MENU), the PBC menu function turns on or off. Press u. The PBC menu is displayed. While the PBC menu screen is displayed; press the number buttons to select the number of the desired item. press./> to go to the previous/ next page. Button functions vary or may not work, depending on the Video CD.
Notes To display the PBC menu during playback of a Video CD, press (TOP MENU) repeatedly to select PBC ON, then press u. During playback of a Video CD with PBC ON, press the number buttons or./> to change the item. The PBC menu is not displayed but the item you selected starts to play. During playback of a Video CD with PBC ON, press O to display the PBC menu. The PBC menus differ, depending on the Video CD. Read the instruction manual supplied with the Video CD.

Press M or m repeatedly to select ANGLE MARK, then press ,.
-- GENERAL PAGE - ANGLE MARK ON OFF
You can set up and adjust this player using the on-screen setup menu. Most settings need to be set when you first use this player.
CAPTIONS SCR SAVER MAIN PAGE

TURN ANGLE MARK ON

Press M or m repeatedly to select ON. Press (ENTER). ANGLE MARK ON is displayed at the lower left on the monitor.
To turn off the multi-angle notice, select OFF in step 4. To return to normal play screen, press (SETUP) anytime.
Displaying the multi-angle notice ANGLE MARK
If various angles (multi-angles) for a scene are recorded on the DVD and you have set the ANGLE MARK to ON, a notice appears at the scene.
Note To return to the main page for setup, press M/m/< repeatedly to select MAIN PAGE, then press (ENTER).
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. PREFERENCES is only available when playback is stopped.
SETUP MENU -- MAIN PAGE GENERAL SETUP SPEAKER SETUP AUDIO SETUP PREFERENCES EXIT SETUP

GENERAL SETUP

Press M or m repeatedly to select GENERAL SETUP, then press (ENTER).
Displaying captions for viewers with hearing difficulties CAPTIONS
Captions are the words displayed on the monitor that describe the audio or sound portion of a DVD. Captions allow viewers with hearing difficulties to follow the dialog and the action of a scene simultaneously. This function is only available when a DVD containing captions is played.
Press M or m repeatedly to select GENERAL SETUP, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select CAPTIONS, then press ,. Press M or m repeatedly to select ON. Press (ENTER).
-- GENERAL PAGE - ANGLE MARK CAPTIONS SCR SAVER MAIN PAGE ON OFF

CLOSED CAPTION NOW ON

To turn off the captions, select OFF in step 4. To return to normal play screen, press (SETUP) anytime.

Setting the screen saver

SCR SAVER
If you set the SCR SAVER setting to ON, the screen saver image appears when you leave the player in pause or stop mode for more than 15 minutes. The screen saver will help prevent the monitor from becoming damaged.
Selecting the speaker mode SPEAKER SETUP
You can select the speaker mode setting from LT-RT or STEREO. The downmix function is used to create stereo (2-channel) signals from more than 5 separated digital signals of a source. LT-RT: theater downmix mode. STEREO: stereo downmix mode.
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select GENERAL SETUP, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select SCR SAVER, then press ,. Press M or m repeatedly to select ON. Press (ENTER).
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select SPEAKER SETUP, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select DOWNMIX, then press ,.

-- SPEAKER SETUP PAGE - DOWNMIX MAIN PAGE STEREO LT/RT

SET LT/RT DOWNMIX

SCREEN SAVER NOW ON
Press M or m repeatedly to select the desired item from LT/RT or STEREO. Press (ENTER). LT/RT DOWNMIX is displayed at the lower left on the monitor, for example if you select LT/RT in step 4.
To turn off the screen saver setting, select OFF in step 4. To return to normal play screen, press (SETUP) anytime.
To return to normal play screen, press (SETUP) anytime.
Selecting the audio output mode AUDIO OUT
You can select the audio output setting from SPDIF/RAW or SPDIF/PCM. SPDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is a standard of audio transfer file format. SPDIF allows the transfer of audio, however, signal quality may be degraded. SPDIF/RAW: outputs the original audio data in SPDIF format. SPDIF/PCM: outputs the sampling of the original audio data in SPDIF format.
Selecting the compression setting for the sound

DYNAMIC

You can select the compression setting for the sound. If you set the DYNAMIC setting to OFF and watch an exciting movie, you can enjoy dynamic sound to its best effect. However, for example, if the sound is too dynamic and loud to hear low level sound such as human voices, try adjusting the dynamic range.
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select AUDIO SETUP, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select AUDIO OUT, then press ,.
-- AUDIO SETUP - AUDIO OUT DYNAMIC MAIN PAGE SPDIF/RAW SPDIF/PCM
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select AUDIO SETUP, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select DYNAMIC, then press ,.
-- AUDIO SETUP - AUDIO OUT DYNAMIC HIGH MAIN PAGE MID LOW OFF FULL

RAW DATA VIA SPDIF

FULL DYNAMIC RNG COMPRESSION
Press M or m repeatedly to select the desired item from SPDIF/RAW or SPDIF/PCM. Press (ENTER). SPDIF/RAW OUTPUT is displayed at the lower left on the screen, for example if you select SPDIF/RAW in step 4.
Press M or m repeatedly to select the desired item from FULL, HIGH, MID or LOW. Press (ENTER).
To turn off the dynamic range of sound volume, select OFF in step 4. To return to normal play screen, press (SETUP) anytime.
Selecting the TV color system COLOR SYSTEM
The color system differs, depending on your country. You can change the TV color system for the monitor.
Selecting the audio language for DVD

AUDIO

Some DVDs have multiple audio languages you can select from.
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select PREFERENCES, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select COLOR SYSTEM, then press ,.
-- PREFERENCES PAGE - COLOR SYSTEM AUDIO SUBTITLE DISC MENU PARENTAL PASSWORD DEFAULTS SMART NAVI NTSC TV NTSC PAL

Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select PREFERENCES, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select AUDIO, then press ,.
-- PREFERENCES PAGE - COLOR SYSTEM AUDIO SUBTITLE DISC MENU PARENTAL PASSWORD DEFAULTS SMART NAVI SET PREFERENCE TO ENGLISH ENGLISH FRENCH SPANISH JAPANESE OTHERS
Press M or m repeatedly to select the desired item from NTSC or PAL. Press (ENTER). SET TO NTSC is displayed at the lower left on the screen, for example if you select NTSC in step 4.
Press M or m repeatedly to select the desired item from ENGLISH, FRENCH, SPANISH, JAPANESE. If you select OTHERS, select and enter a language code from Language Code List (page 34). Press (ENTER). PREFERENCE SET TO ENGLISH is displayed at the lower left on the screen, for example if you select ENGLISH in step 4.
Notes To return to the main page for setup, press M/m/ < repeatedly to select MAIN PAGE, then press (ENTER). If your connected monitor is not PAL compatible, do not set COLOR SYSTEM to PAL, as your monitor will not display, and operations will not be possible.
Notes To return to the main page for setup, press M/m/ < repeatedly to select MAIN PAGE, then press (ENTER). Regardless of setting to the desired language, other language may be automatically activated, depending on the DVD.
Displaying the subtitles for DVD SUBTITLE
If subtitles are recorded on the discs, you can change the subtitles or turn the subtitles on and off when playback is stopped or the disc is ejected.
Selecting the DVD menu language DISC MENU
You can select the display language for the DVD menu.
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select PREFERENCES, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select SUBTITLE, then press ,.

-- PREFERENCES PAGE - -

Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select PREFERENCES, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select DISC MENU, then press ,.
-- PREFERENCES PAGE - COLOR SYSTEM

Refer to the following table. Parental levels of the table are on the MPAA (Motion Picture Association of America) rating system. If you set this player to level 4 for example, DVDs with levels 5, 6, and 7 cannot be played.
Changing your password PASSWORD
You can change your password for parental setting here. Follow the steps below.

This Player

OFF* 2 1

MPAA Rating System

NC-17: No one 17 and under admitted R: Restricted : PG-13: Parents strongly cautioned PG: Parental guidance suggested : G: General audience
* If you select level OFF, you can play all discs.
Press , to select CHANGE, and press (ENTER). Press the number buttons to enter your old password, new password, then new password again to confirm it.
Returning this player to the factory setting

DEFAULTS

You can return this player to the factory setting except your password (page 26, 27) and parental setting (page 26). Follow the steps below.
Setting the menu display for MP3 files

SMART NAV

If you have set SMART NAV to WITH MENU and play a CD containing MP3 files, the menu display for folder names and MP3 file names appear. You can easily search the desired MP3 file with the SMART NAV menu display.
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select PREFERENCES, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select DEFAULTS, then press ,.
-- PREFERENCES PAGE - COLOR SYSTEM AUDIO SUBTITLE DISC MENU PARENTAL PASSWORD DEFAULTS SMART NAVI LOAD FACTORY SETTINGS RESET
Press (SETUP). The main page for setup appears. Press M or m repeatedly to select PREFERENCES, then press (ENTER). Press M or m repeatedly to select SMART NAV, then press ,.
-- PREFERENCES PAGE - COLOR SYSTEM AUDIO SUBTITLE DISC MENU PARENTAL PASSWORD DEFAULTS SMART NAVI NO MENU NO MENU WITH MENU
Press , to select RESET. Press (ENTER). FACTORY SETTINGS LOADED is displayed at the lower left on the screen.
Press , to select WITH MENU. Press (ENTER). WITH MENU is displayed at the lower left on the screen.
To turn off the menu display for MP3 files, select NO MENU in step 4. To return to normal play screen, press (SETUP) anytime.

Maintenance

Fuse replacement
When replacing the fuse, be sure to use one matching the amperage rating stated on the original fuse. If the fuse blows, check the power connection and replace the fuse. If the fuse blows again after replacement, there may be an internal malfunction. In such a case, consult your nearest Sony dealer.