MIL (Rostvertol) Mi26T (HALO)
Largest operational helicopter in the world, used for transport and heavy lift work. Now marketed as a pure heavy lifter, a refuelling station for difficult locations, an ambulance/flying hospital, and a fire fighter. Equipped with rear loading ramp capable of accepting large vehicles, overhead trackmounted hoists with 5,510 lb (2,500 kg) capacity. Eight bladed main rotor, five bladed tail rotor. First flew in December 1977. Seating for five crewmembers and up to 85 fully equipped troops or 60 stretchers. Rostvertol is engineering a major upgrade, which involves equipping the helicopter with a new all-weather avionics suite dubbed Avionics-2000 BREO; reducing the number of crew members to two persons (chief pilot and co-pilot-navigator); equipping the crew with night vision goggles and making the interior and exterior light NVG compatible. Power plant: 2 x ZMBK Progress D136 turboshafts rated at 10,000 shp for takeoff. Gross weight: 123,480 lb (56,000 kg). Empty weight: 62,181 lb (28,200 kg). Payload: 44,100 lb (20,000 kg) internal or external. Dimensions: Length: 110.65 ft (33.73 m). Height: 26.72 ft (8.15 m). Rotor diameter: 105 ft (32 m). Performance: Max speed: 159 kt (295 km/h). Typical Range: 432 nm (750 km). Armament: Usually unarmed.

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PZL Mi-2

Light twin-engined helicopter developed over many years. Conventional alloy structure and fully articulated rotor systems. Seating for up to 10 people or smaller number of fully equipped troops. Used in utility, liaison, training, patrol and light attack/escort roles. Armed version designated to operate with ground troops and can be equipped with guns, rockets and missiles. Powerplant: 2 x GTD-350 at 400 shp (295 kW). Fuselage length: 39.2 ft (11.94 m). Overall length: 57.f ft (17.42 m). Rotor diameter: 47.8 ft (14,56 m). Height with tail-rotor running: 14.1 ft (4,29 m). Max take-off weight: 8,157 lb (3,700 kg). Empty weight: 5,313 lb (2,410 kg). Useful load: 2,410 lb (1,290 kg). Max speed: 113 kt (210 km/h). Max cruise speed: 91.8 kt (170 km/h). Max range: 313 nm (580 km). HOGE: 2,953 ft (900 m). HIGE: 5,239 ft (1,600 m). Service ceiling: 13,123 ft (4,000 m). Armament: NS-23 gun, PK guns, rocket launchers type S-5, S-5M, guided missile launchers.

PZL W3WA SOKOL

Twinengined utility and combat support helicopter designed and built in Poland. PZL W3A is standard civil version. PZL W3RM Anakonda is SAR variant. Depending on equipment and armament, the W-3WA may be used for evacuation of casualties on stretchers, for transportation of up to 10 fully equipped troops, for fire support on the battlefield and for engaging point targets both on land and on water. Powerplant: 2 x PZL10W turboshafts rated 900 shp (672 kW) each for takeoff. Gross weight: 14,080 lb (6,400 kg). Useful load: 4, 581 lb (2, 078 kg) Empty weight: 9,528 lb (4,322 kg). Dimensions: Length: (with tail rotor turning) 50.2 ft (15.29 m). Height: (with tail rotor turning) 16.8 ft (5.137 m). Rotor diameter: 51.5 ft (15.7 m). Performance: Max speed: 260 km/h, range 761 km, HOGE 1,900 m, HIGE 3020 m, ROC 9.3 m/sec, VROC 2.3 m/s service ceiling 4,910 m. Armament: GSz23k Cannon, S8, S5 rockets, 9M32M IR guided AA missiles, PLATAN airborne minefield sowing, HOT anti-tank missiles.

SIKORSKY H53 SEA STALLION/SUPER STALLION
CH53E is a threeengined heavylift helicopter for USMC and Navy, derived from twinengined CH53A/D/G (S65). MH53E Sea Dragon for US Navy and S80E export version for Japan are mine countermeasures helicopters. Pave Low Enhanced MH53Js are for US Air Force Special Operations. CH53A/D/G in service with US Marine Corps Reserve, Israeli Air Force (updated to Yasur 2000 standard), German Heeresfliger. RH53D minesweeper in US Navy Reserve. 40 of the 80 German machines being upgraded to serve until around 2030. USMC machines due to be replaced by new Heavy Lift Replacement or HLR standard (formerly CH-53X, now CH-53K) with new fuselage structure, engines, gearboxes, rotor systems and avionics see entry below. This aircraft is a likely candidate for future European heavy lift requirements. H-53E: Powerplant: 3 x General Electric T64GE416 turboshafts rated at 4,380 shp for takeoff. Gross weight: 73,500 lb (33,339 kg). Empty weight: 33,226 lb (15,071 kg). Dimensions: Length: 73.3 ft (22.35 m). Height: 18.7 ft (5.66 m). Rotor diameter: 79 ft (24.08 m). Performance: Max speed: 170 kt (315 km/h). Typical Range: 1,120 nm (2,075 km). Armament: 50 cal or 7.62 mm door and ramp guns.
The U.S. Navys most sophisticated multi-mission helicopters are available to navies worldwide. Developed for littoral zones and open ocean, the newly operational MH-60R and MH-60S are built and integrated with advanced systems to perform missions currently served by six U.S. Navy helicopters anti-submarine and surface warfare, airborne mine countermeasures, combat search and rescue, vertical replenishment and medical evacuation. Congurable to mission preferences. Interoperable with U.S. forces. Supportable worldwide. And in production. The MH-60 multi-mission helicopters. A navys most versatile eet protection asset.

SIKORSKY H-92

H-92 is the military version of commercial S-92. Stand-up cabin and developed S-70 Hawk family dynamics. Higher gross weights, more power and new composite rotor blades. Recent modifications include a larger sliding door to improve access for SAR missions, new glass cockpit. Available as a 22-troop utility and other mission specific configurations, all with cabin-width rear ramp. Selected as the airframe for Canadas shipbased Maritime Helicopter Programme, as the CH-148 Cyclone, following the cancellation of the original CH-148 Petrel and CH-149 Chimo (EH101 variants), with a General Dynamics Canada Integrated Mission System and Sonobuoy Acoustic Processing System, a Telephonics APS-143B radar and an L-3 HELRAS sonar. Powerplant: 2 x General Electric CT7-8 turboshafts rated at 2,500 shp (1,864 kW) for take off. Gross weight: 25,500 lb (11,567 kg) internal load, 26,800 lb (12,156 kg) external load) Hook load: 10,000 lb. Performance: (@ Sea Level, ISA) 25,500 lb/11,567 kg: Maximum cruise speed: 151 kt (280 kph), best range speed 136 kt (252 kph), range 475 nm (880 km), HOGE: 5,500 ft (1,680 m), HIGE: 10,175 ft (3,100 m).

WEAPONS Air-to-air missiles
9M32 STRELA - 2 (SA-7 GRAIL)
Helicopter-launched version of ubiquitous first generation shoulder-launched short range SAM Manufacturer: Sakr, Egypt and CPMIEC, China Range: 4 km Speed: supersonic Propulsion: single-stage solid rocket motor Warhead: 1.8 kg high explosive fragmentation Guidance: passive IR homing Length: 1.34 m Diameter: 70 mm Width: (wingspan) 30 cm unfolded Weight: 10 kg at launch Platforms: SOKO-built Gazelles, Mil Mi-2, Mi-24/25/35. Improved version: STRELA 2M. The SA-7 is in the tube in the lowest position on the pylon in the picture.
Air-to-air missiles WEAPONS
SHORTS MISSILE SYSTEMS STARSTREAK
Air-to-air variant of UK hypervelocity SAM Range: more than 6 km Speed: hypersonic Propulsion: two-stage rocket motor Rate of fire: engagement of one target must be completed before another can be fired upon, but engagements are over very quickly Warhead: three individually guided armour-piercing/explosive darts with delay fuse Guidance: laser beam riding: darts steer themselves into centre line of grid created by vertical and horizontal scanning lasers. Helicopter sights automatically keep centre of grid on target Weight: 37 lb Length: 1.4 m Diameter: 130 mm Width: (wingspan) 250 mm Launcher: two-tube box Platforms: Evaluation/Integration process completed for Apache, but US Army requirement dropped.

MBDA MISTRAL ATAM

Fire-and-forget AAM system using the Mistral SAM, which was designed from the start with modification to an air-to-air role in mind. Range: 5 km + Speed: Mach 2.5 Propulsion: solid rocket motor Rate of fire: up to 1 missile every 3 secs Warhead: 3 kg high explosive, tungsten ball Fusing: active laser proximity fuse Guidance: passive infra-red homing, proportional navigation Length: 1.86 m Diameter: 90 mm Weight: 18.7 kg at launch Platforms: In full operational service on the French Army Aviation Gazelle and qualified on the Tigre attack helicopter. Can be mounted on attack helicopters fitted with an integrated combat system (Tigre, Rooivalk) or on lightweight helicopters (Gazelle, Fennec) and utility helicopters (Cougar) as a stand-alone weapon system.
V A DEGTYAREV PLANT 9M39 IGLA-V (SA-18 GROUSE)
Larger and with higher performance than SA-14, Igla (needle) is another Russian shoulder-launched SAM adapted to helicopter use. Range: 5.2 km Speed: supersonic Propulsion: solid rocket motor Warhead: 2.5 kg highexplosive fragmentation with impact fuse Guidance: passive IR homing. Length: 1.55 m Diameter: 72 mm Width: (wingspan) 35 cm Weight: 16.5 kg Platforms: Mi-8/17, Mi-24, offered as an option on Rostvertol Mi-35s for export customers, and Kamov Ka-50 Werewolf. The manufacturer is based in Kovrov, Russia. MANPADS version pictured.
RAYTHEON AIM-9X SIDEWINDER
AIM-9X is the latest in a long line of Sidewinders. Features imaging seeker, thrust vector control, off-boresight capability and high countermeasures resistance. Range: around 16 km Speed: supersonic, likely to be around Mach 3 to catch fleeing fast jet Propulsion: solid rocket motor Rate of fire: would depend on ability of helicopters sighting systems to acquire new targets and cue missile seeker heads Warhead: 9.5 kg high explosive blast fragmentation with laser proximity fuse Guidance: imaging IR, proportional navigation Length: 3 m Diameter: 127 mm Weight: 85 kg Platforms: Earlier versions operational on USMC Bell AH-1W SuperCobras.

RAYTHEON MISSILE SYSTEMS BGM-71 TOW
Tube-launched Optically tracked Wire-guided missile first entered service with US Army in 1970 and BGM-71 A, B, C and D variants have been developed embodying improvements to warheads and guidance systems. MAPATS is Israeli laser beam riding version, FITOW (Further Improved TOW) is UK version designed to attack thinner top armour of tanks. TOW 2A has precursor warhead on nose probe, TOW 2B likewise has two downward firing warheads to attack vehicles thinner top armour. TOW upgrades Raytheon has proposed a technology insertion programme to extend the weapons range to around 5 km, reduce guidance constraints. Options include a radio command link to replace the wires and an imaging seeker derived from ASRAAM and AIM-9X technology. RF command link to upgrade US Army inventory and those of overseas forces. Specifications refer to BGM-71D TOW 2 Range: 4 km Speed: high subsonic Propulsion: solid rocket motor Rate of fire: engagement of one target must be completed before second missile can be fired Warhead: 6 kg shaped charge Guidance: semi-automatic command to line of sight (SACLOS), wire passes steering commands to missile. Automatic CLOS if sight has autotracker Length: 1.4 m Diameter: 150 mm Width: 45 cm (wingspan) Weight: 21.5 kg at launch Platforms: operational on Bell Cobra/SuperCobra, MD 500 Defender, Agusta 129, Agusta 109, Westland Lynx, Eurocopter BO-105 and Fennec, Bell 206/406 and cleared for carriage on Panther (Dauphin) and Gazelle.
SPECIFICATIONS Anti-armour guided missiles
US ARMY BAE SYSTEMS APKWS II
The Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) is a US Army effort to provide a semi-active laser homing guidance system that can be added to any 2.75 in (70 mm) rocket in the US inventory, filling the point target capability gap between the 30 mm cannon and the Hellfire missile Guidance: Distributed Aperture Semi-Active Laser Seeker (DASALS) a screw-in module between motor and warhead with a tiny laser seeker on four flip-out steering/de-spinning fins. Range: 1.5 km to 5.5 km Speed: supersonic Weight: 35 lb Status: Started life in the mid-90s as the Low Cost Precision Kill (LCPK) demonstration effort leading to the APKWS competition that General Dynamics Armament and Technical Products (GDATP) won as prime with BAE Systems as a sub contractor. APKWS was cancelled and re-competed as APKWS II, which BAES won as prime with GD as sub contractor. The US Army decided to buy APKWS II in April 2006. The weapon was de-funded by the US DoD in 2007.

DENEL OPTRONICS Archer

The helicopter range provides visor-projected displays and night vision enhancement with night vision goggles to provide day and night display capability. Turreted weapons and sensors are slaved to the users line of sight via optical head tracker integrated on the HMDS. The HMDS consist of a twopart helmet system: Inner contains the audio and life-support equipment: Outer contains the optical head tracker, CRTs, optical modules, night vision cameras and electronics. Using the same inner, outers can be configured to cater for differing user and mission requirements. Helmet-Mounted Sight (HMS) providing a fixed-legend display; Helmet-Mounted Display and Sight (HMDS) providing a dynamic display of weapon, navigation, aircraft and flight information; Night Vision Display System (NVDS) providing for clip-on night vision goggles and full symbology displays.
ELBIT SYSTEMS DAY HUD / night hud

DAY HUD

Maximises safety and situational awareness during daytime operations, a plug and play module to the same night interface, compatible with any standard NVG or ANVIS helmet. See-through Field of view: 25 deg outside the clear or dark visor Display types: stroke or raster Flight Panel Display (FPD), Contrast ratio: 1.4:1 Min. (at 10,000 FC), Lightweight: less than 230 g. Quick disconnect for safe egress.

NIGHT HUD

An advanced, performance-proven electro-optical aiming sight and aircraft flight instrumentation, quick mount on any NVG, lightweight (less than 70 gr), and flexible. Flight Panel Display (FPD) technology. Field of view: 32 over 40 night vision.

DENEL OPTRONICS SCOUT

A helmet-mounted cueing and observation system for application in the police, civil, and SAR markets. The system cues a helicopter observation system directly towards an area of interest providing immediate acquisition and tracking of any moving or stationary item, significantly reducing the observers workload and acquisition time.

ELBIT SYSTEMS HELIDASH

HeliDASH is a modular day/night display and sight helmet designed specifically for helicopter applications. It provides the pilot with high-resolution night vision, symbology, day symbology, accurate aiming and cueing via an electromagnetic Line-of-sight tracker. HeliDASH integrates the operational capabilities of proven HMDs, DASH, and ANVIS-HUD systems in a single stateof-the-art unit. Reduces pilot workload by displaying flight-critical information at eye level. Single compact electronic unit drives pilot and copilot helmet systems. Plug & play with installed ANVIS-HUD systems. Features a clear/dark visor. Single LRU drives both display and LOS for pilot and copilot. Night module: ANVIS-HUD with electromagnetic LOS. Day module: DASH 20 FOV visor-projected symbology.

NEWCON OPTIK NIGHT VISION GOGGLES
The NVS 6 night vision goggles provide a safe piloting of helicopters and low attitude planes at night or in low light conditions with two Gen II + or Gen III advanced image intensifier tubes. The mounting systems allows quick attachment of the goggles to the head helmet and possibility to flip the goggles up for unobstructed vision. The unit can use standard AA batteries or an onboard (27 V) power. The device has passed all applicable test and has been accepted for use by several armies around the world. Magnification: 1x Field of view: 40 Lens aperture: 25 mm Exit pupil: 8 mm Eye relief: 22 mm Dyoptric correction: +/- 4 IPD range: 56-72 mm Focus range: 250 mm to infinity Power supply: 2AA Operational temperature: -40 C to +55 C Weight: 0.610 kg
SENSOR TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS (STS) AN/PVS-21
Low profile (less than 8 cm deep) night vision goggle designed to allow aggressive movements in rough terrain. Beam combiner system reduces the distance the goggle projects from the face, enables seamless ops during transitional environments such as dusk and dawn and allows overlay of intensified / unintensified images. It is compatible with existing head straps and helmets, and has a low moment arm compared to conventional NV equipment. Rugged and selfcontained, it is waterproof to 1 atm (10 m). It uses conventional batteries (a single AA, 1.5V alkaline or 3.6V lithium) and features IR LEDs for operation in zero-light areas. Intensified Field-of-view (FoV): 40 +/- 2. Un-aided FoV: 165 horizontal & 90 vertical. Objective focus: 33 cm to infinity. Resolution at infinity: 1.2 cy/mr. Exit pupil: 10 mm on axis. Eye Relief: approx. 15 mm. Adjustments: Tilt - 14 total travel on goggle IPD - 55 mm to 75 mm. Mounts: ballistic and aviation helmets, head straps and harnesses.
NORTHROP GRUMMAN LITTON EOS M949 Aviators Goggle AN/AVS-9
Scene illumination: 10 -6 to 1 fc. Spectral response: visible to 0.9 m. Field of view: 40 deg. Magnification: unity. Resolution: 1.30 cy/mr minimum. Brightness gain: 5,500 fL/fl minimum. Dioptre adjustment: +2.0 to -6. Inter pupil adjustment: 51 - 72mm independent. Vertical adjustment: 16 or 25 mm, model dependent. Fore-and-aft adjustment: 27mm. Tilt adjustment: 10 deg minimum. Exit pupil/eye relief on axis: 14mm @ 25mm. Full-field: 6mm @ 25mm. Automatic breakaway at 11 to 15 g. Battery voltage 2.7 to 3.0 volts DC. Battery type: AA Alkaline. Weight of binocular: 540 g. Weight of mount: 330 g.

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OIP SENSOR SYSTEMS Helimun
High performance night vision system for helicopter pilots, available with 40 and super-wide 60 field of view. Features new XD-4 or XR-5 image intensifiers and a new ANVIS type bracket. Magnification: unity. Resolution: 0.8 mrad/lp or better for 40 goggle, 1.1 for 60 goggle. Dioptre adjustment: -5 to +2 for 40 goggle, -6 to +3 for 60 goggle. Inter-pupil adjustment: 52 to 76 mm. Tilt adjustment: 10 minimum. Exit pupil: 10 mm. Eye relief: 26 mm for 40 goggle, 19 mm for 60 goggle. Focal range: 25 cm to infinity. IR LED incorporated. Minus blue filter. Weight excluding battery pack on back of helmet 610 g. Batteries: 2 x AA alkaline. Can be adapted to all pilots helmets.

OCEAN MASTER

Sea surveillance radar for detection of all types of targets (including small ones) in all sea states. Track while scan: 200 targets. Classification modes: range profile: Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) optional. Weather avoidance: colour display of cloud iso-reflectively. Navigation mode: high range resolution ground mapping. Display: colour display, tactical situation, range scales up to 240 nm. Weight: less than 85 kg including human-machine interface. Maintenance: built in test (no test bench). Status: in production. Sold to French Navy and to export customers.

AN/APS-147(V)

New multi-mode maritime inverse SAR radar. Modes: target imaging, small target/periscope detection, long range surveillance, weather avoidance, all weather navigation, shortrange SAR, enhanced LPI search, target designation. Features: high throughput signal and data processing; claims to detect very small targets and display them with a resolution unmatched by other radar; advanced processing claimed to allow much lower output levels than traditional maritime radar resulting in very low LPI. Installations: will upgrade 300 USN SH-60R LAMPS MkIII helicopters. Status: Completed Technical Evaluation and Operational Evaluations, entered full rate production 2006.

RDR-1700

The RDR-1700 multi-mode, X-band radar has a flexible design that allows installation in helicopters as well as fixed-wing aircraft for support of search and rescue activities that require detection of small vessels. The system has an integral target tracking capability. At a weight of less than 35 kg and with three search modes and 360-degree digital colour scanning.
SARIS is a new generation of SAR/MTI radars for helicopters, UAVs, business jets and fighter aircraft. Designed to detect moving targets and provide real-time submetric class images. When used jointly with image analysis tools, SARIS gives a complete view of the ground tactical situation, claims Thales.
SPECIFICATIONS Electro-optical systems ELECTRO-OPTICAL SYSTEMS

ASELSAN AS

ASELFLIR-200
Gyroscopic Stabilised Gen II Airborne Thermal Imaging Systems. Configurations: FLIR only; FLIR + Colour CCD or FLIR + Eyesafe Laser Range Finder; FLIR + Colour CCD + Eyesafe Laser Range Finder. IR Sensor: 4 x 240 focal-plane array detector which is operating in the 8-12 micrometer band. Daylight Channel: colour CCD, continuous zoom. Laser Range Finder: eye safe laser range finder. Features: gyro and electronic stabilisations; Local Area Processing (LAP) for real-time image enhancement; multimode tracker in video and inertial/radar cued modes; a third FOV for navigation; MIL-STD-1553/Arinc-429 and other discrete data busses to interface with other on board avionics such as radar, inertial sensor, mission computer and weapon systems; analogue and digital video outputs for display, transmission and recording; freeze frame mode; x2 and x4 electronic zoom; gimbal angular coverage: 360 continuous in azimuth and +40/-105 in elevation; head steerable gimbal slew rate; compact design: FLIR only sensor is 12 in and CCD colour camera and/or LRF additional sensor configurations are 13 in turret diameter; fully compliant with MIL-#-5400 and MIL-STD-810.

CINEFLEX V14-MS II

The V14 MS II is a five-axis gyro stabilised multi-sensor turret with high-definition day TV, thermal imaging and laser pointer, rangefinder and illuminator options. The turret weighs about 80 lb and measures 19.5 x 14.5 x 19 inches. Azimuth coverage is unlimited and it can elevate from +36 to -188. The HD sensor can be stabilised in roll from -20 to +20. Features: The thermal imager is a three-field-of-view cooled 3-5 micron InSb mid-wave focal plane array device that measures 640 x 512 pixels. The high-definition TV camera is a Sony HDC CCD 2/3 device with a 25:1 zoom ratio and 2x optical and digital extenders. Laser rangefinder: 1.54 micron erbium glass laser with a range resolution of +/- 2m available. Laser illuminator: 1 or 2 Watt class 4 laser with 1x1 beam divergence. Laser pointer: 5 to 40 mW NVG compatible class IIB laser with 0.2 mrad beam divergence. Options: autotracker; radar and navigation interface; searchlight interface; digital zoom (1 x to 4 x continuous); DVR with continuous loop recording; geo pointing; video fusion (HD day TV and IR); frame grab with SD card drive; moving map interface. 80
SPECIFICATIONS Electro-optical systems
Larger than the FPD-1, the FPD-2 is also a ruggedized high brightness flat panel colour TV display developed for rotaryand fixed-wing aircraft, but also suitable for marine and ground applications. Described as high performance yet extremely costeffective. Applications: patrol aircraft, helicopters cockpits, patrol boats, armored vehicles. Main Features: 8.4 flat panel LCD colour display, 800x600 pixels resolution, very unique high brightness (1400 cd/m2), ruggedized to MIL-STD-810. Voltage supply: 18 to 32 VDC. Video inputs: PAL, NTSC. Options: serial communication links, other monitor sizes, Y/C input, Super VGA input, high altitude (20,000 ft), customized mounting. Image Dimensions: 17 (H) x 12.8 (V) cm. Colours: 262K. Brightness: Very unique, high brightness 1400cd/m2. Time Response: 50 msec. Contrast Ratio: 1/250. Viewing Angle: 60 (H), +60 -45 (V). Window: EMI/RFI protected. Weight: 3.7 kg. Dimensions: 220(W) x 165(H) x 148(D) mm (basic monitor), 275(W) x 165(H) x 148(D) mm (Including side flanges & control unit). Mechanical interface: side flanges. Options: Also available 8.4 or 17 ruggedized flat panel display monitors.

MX-15 Multi-Sensor

US military approved AN/AAQ-35 designation. Large format 3rd generation midwave FLIR with 4 FOV, 4 axis stabilisation and 6 axis isolation, 3 CCD colour TV with 20x lens, daylight camera with dual channel spotter lens and a charged multiplied night spotter with dual channel spotter lens with a 1,000 mm fixed focal length, eye safe laser rangefinder and laser illuminator, image processor to penetrate haze, fog, smoke and humidity.

MX-15D

With laser target designation capability, an enhanced variant of the proven MX-15. Supports 1 to 6 high-performance sensors: Colour daylight camera with zoom lens, mono daylight camera with spotter lens, IR with high magnification 4-step zoom, laser designator with LRF, laser illuminator, Eyesafe laser rangefinder.
NIGHT TARGETTING SYSTEM (NTS)/NTSADVANCED (NTSA)
Upgrade of Cobra familys TOW sight. Includes thermal imager, TV camera and laser rangefinder/designator. Can designate for Hellfire and other laser-guided weapons. NTS-A deletes optical relay tube Turret specifications: Field of regard is 90 left and 95 right in azimuth, +30 to -60 in elevation. Slewing rates 2/ sec to 90/sec, angular acceleration 60/sec2 Thermal imager: 240 x 4 pixel, mercury cadmium telluride, 8-12 micron, scanned detector with time delay integration. Option for 3rd generation 35 m FLIR. TV autotracker: min target dimensions 3x3 pixels, min target contrast 2%, max relative velocity 1 FOV/sec Operating modes: prediction, adjust, offset TV camera: 780 x 576 pixel frame transfer CCD sensor with 3 fields of view. Option to add a colour continuous zoom TV camera Weight: 129 kg (285 lb) excluding installation kit. NTS built in the US by Kollsman.

MX-15i Integrated MCU

This variant supports 1 to 6 high performance sensors. Large format 3rd generation FLIR with 4 FOV, 4 axis stabilisation and 6 axis isolation, 3 CCD colour TV with 20x lens, daylight camera with dual channel spotter lens and a charged multiplied night spotter with dual channel spotter lens with a 1000 mm fixed focal length, eye safe laser rangefinder and laser illuminator. Integrated MCU feature provides an installed weight saving of 25%.
US military approved with an AN/ASX-4 designation, the MX-20 is often selected where observations must be as covert as possible. Large format 3rd generation FLIR with 4 FOV, 3 CCD colour TV with 19x lens, daylight camera with dual channel spotter lens and a charged multiplied night spotter with dual channel spotter lens with a 4 FOV 600-3200mm, eye safe laser rangefinder and laser illuminator. A premier range performance solution offering >75x magnification in the IR sensor and >400x magnification in the EO sensor, it achieves unsurpassed standoff ranges in both sensor types and includes state-of-the-art system features.

GUNSHIP MULTISPECTRAL SENSOR SYSTEM (GMS2)
The electro-optical/infrared fire control system in production for the US Air Force Special Operations Command AC-130U Gunship. This mature, high performance multisensor system is an adaptation of the AH-1Z Target Sight System now in test and evaluation with the US Marine Corps. The GMS2 consists of a large-aperture, mid-wave infrared sensor, two imageintensified television cameras, a near-infrared laser pointer, and a laser designator/rangefinder (with eyesafe mode). These components are integrated into a highly stabilised turret to ensure outstanding image quality and high accuracy line-of-sight pointing for target geo-location and gun fire control.

AN/AAQ-27A

In production for USMC MV-22 Osprey tilt-rotors, the AAQ-27 is a Mid Wave Infrared (MWIR) system that has much in common with the AAQ-16B Infrared camera: 3-5 micron, indium antimonide (InSb), 480 x 640 pixel, staring-array detector with two fields of view; 30 x 40 and 5 x 6.7 System weight: less than 90 lb, turret weight 50 lb Turret dimensions: 14.19 in high x 11.95 in diameter Options: electronic zoom, dual mode tracker.

TARGET SIGHT SYSTEM

TSS is a third-generation multi-sensor EO/IR fire control system developed for the Cobra AH-1Z attack helicopter. The company is beginning production for the US Marine Corps. It consists of a large-aperture mid-wave FLIR, colour TV, laser designator/ rangefinder (with eyesafe mode), laser spot tracker, and ongimbal inertial measurement unit integrated into a highly stabilised turret. TSS identifies and laser designates targets at maximum Hellfire missile ranges, significantly enhancing mission performance, platform survivability, and lethality.
ASQ-228 ATFLIR - ADVANCED TARGETING FORWARD-LOOKING INFRARED
Described as the most advanced targeting pod available for the F/A-18 family, battle tested in Operations Southern Watch, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom and deployed with US fleet squadrons worldwide, ATFLIR provides pinpoint accuracy and real-time target assessment from long standoff ranges, says Raytheon Tactical capabilities: precision targeting; long-range (>40 nautical miles); high-altitude (>50,000 feet) laser designation; first-pass kill and J-series weapon delivery; eyesafe and tactical laser ranging; air and ground target tracking; realtime battle damage assessment/indication Current features: common optical path; continuous auto-boresight alignment; visible (EO) camera; built-in navigation FLIR (optional) 360 roll drive unit Focal plane InSb Spectral band 3.75.0 mm Field of view 0.7, 2.8, 6.0 Reliability >300-hr MTBF Supportability - optional 2-level maintenance Testability detection: 95%, isolation: 98% Weight 420 lb (191 kg) Length 72 in (183 cm) Diameter 13 in (33 cm) Planned enhancements: laser marker, electronics consolidation, sensor fusion, automatic target recognition, improved EO camera and laser spot tracker, increased detection range.

GOES 342

Observing and sighting system for Ka-50 combat helicopter and its modifications. Day-and-night acquisition and recognition of ground and surface targets; laser ranging sighting of machine guns; guns and unguided missiles aircraft missile guidance. Standard components: FOV stabilisation system; TV channel; Module-Avia thermal imaging channel; laser range finder; direction finder. Range of sighting angles: +/- 230 az, -115 to +25 el. Working temp range: +/- 50 C. Dimensions: 460 x 6130 mm. Weight: 185 kg.
INTEGRATED MISSION SYSTEMS
A selection of the major companies that integrate military mission systems into helicopters. Helicopter manufacturers are capable of completing this kind of work, but more are now partnering with outside systems houses such as those listed here. The entries in this section include examples of their work, which is tailored to the requirements of individual customers. Entries are ordered alphabetically by company name.
TITAN 385 MULTI SENSOR TURRET SYSTEM
15 in ruggedised, radar hardened Stabilised turret for 24-hour, all-weather operations. Gimbal: Continuous rotation in azimuth and elevation third axis gyro Stabilised look down. Stability: 80 micro radians. Slewing rate: up to 100 per second. Principal modes: cage, pointing, search and track, sector scan, heading hold, park. Weight: 45 kg. Sensor options: IR camera: 3rd generation staring focal plane array, 3-5m or 8-10m. Narrow FoV: to 1.8 plus electronic magnification. Daylight Camera: monochrome or colour CCD TV, 800 TV lines resolution, 20:1 optical zoom. Low Light Camera: Starlight to sunlight, anti blooming with over exposure immunity. Narrow FoV: 8.8. Laser Range Finder: 1.54m, eye-safe. Pilotage FLIR: Wide FoV, uncooled 256 x 128, 8-12m array. Video display: CCIR 625 lines, 50 Hz or EAI RSlines 60 Hz. Power: 28Vdc

GOES 520

Day-and-night observing system for Ka-50 combat helicopter and its modifications. Standard components: low-level TV channel; thermal imaging channel. Range of sighting angles: +/- 180 az, -85 to +35 el. Working temp range: +/- 50 C. Dimensions: 350 x 500 mm. Weight: 45 kg.
SPECIFICATIONS Integrated mission systems

ELBIT SYSTEMS

HELICOM
Next generation, fully digital, integrated C3 and mission management system designed to provide crew with data communications; accurate, real time tactical pictures and make the whole process easier, friendlier and more accessible than ever before. Advanced GUI and digital map features combine for mission management. The modular system has been designed to grow as needs evolve, from a single helicopter, to a formation, to an air force. Installed in a wide variety of platforms, HELICOM was developed by active pilots whose combat experience is incorporated into all facets. Designed to be intuitive to operate, it features: a graphical user interface with mission editing; touch-screen control and single-hand Mouse/HOCAS operation. It is based on a digital moving map tactical situation display and an advanced data link that operates on up to four independent nets using on-board radios for data communications with voice override. It calculates: times, fuel, distances, and bearings; from the map it works out LoS, obstacles, LoS against height, and threats. It also calculates available performance according to altitude, temperature and available power. The command and control station is based on a rugged laptop.

INTEGRATED TACTICAL AVIONICS SYSTEM (ITAS)
Northrop Grumman is a major producer of tactical information management systems for maritime patrol, anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare, search-and-rescue and related applications. The Northrop Grumman AN/ASN-150 and AN/ASN-123 systems are in use with the US Navy and US Coast Guard, as well as a large number of international customers on such platforms as the SH-2F/G, SH-3H, SH-60F, HH-60H/J, S-70B/C and CH-124B. The latest generation in this family, known as the Integrated Tactical Avionics System (ITAS), introduces the latest processing and display technologies and architectures into such applications for both fixed and rotary-wing platforms. Northrop Grumman also produces a full range of mission support and integration systems to support these airborne applications. Equipment include: Avionics Mission Management Computer; H-1 Integrated Avionics System; Integrated Communications Suites; Integrated Helmet Display and Sighting Subsystem; Integrated Weapons Management and Control; Mission Operational Flight Programs.

RAYTHEON

ARMY AIRBORNE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM (A2C2S)
Command post integrated into a Black Hawk helicopter. The A2C2S operates equally well as an airborne or a ground TOC. The A2C2S provides five work stations and the ability for the Tactical Commander and staff to be where they need to be to most effectively command and control forces during critical missions. Combat Operations in Iraq have proven the A2C2S to be a force multiplier, essential to successful military operations on modern battlefields. It supports echelons above corps, corps, division, and manoeuvre brigade commanders. Offers up to five reconfigurable and removable user stations and two large common displays. Hosts selected ABCS software programs. Open systems architecture implemented. Interoperable with other C2 systems. Replaces obsolete AN/ASC-15B/C C2 consoles. Supports C2 requirements for missions ranging from humanitarian assistance to deep operations in high intensity conflict. Provides situational awareness & C2 through C4I digital connectivity. Enables commander and his staff to traverse battlespace to critical places at critical times. Provides robust line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight voice and digital data communications package.

SAGEM DFENSE SCURIT (SAFRAN GROUP)

HELICOPTER MODERNISATION

Sagem has acquired a unique combination of expertise in all the technologies required for helicopter modernisation, drawn from aircraft systems integration, mission planning, optronics, fire control, airframe modification, cockpit enhancement and logistic support. It is a leader in helicopter flight control and autopilot systems. Other skills developed in house, already chosen for major European helicopter programmes, also allows Sagem to provide complete helicopter retrofit solutions designed to enhance operational capabilities. The systems cover a large range of missions such as: observation, engagement, Combat Search and Rescue (C-SAR) and special operations. Sagem Dfense Scurits modernization packages are generally based on a central computer and flight management system. Depending on needs, the following units can then be added: Gyrostabilized optronics sensors, Navigation system (SIGMA), Attitude sensors (APIRS), glass cockpit, digital cartography, mission planning and post-flight analysis systems, autopilot, night and day-night cameras (FLIR), 3rd generation night vision goggles, self-protection, data links. For military or parapublic applications, the company is involved in important programs such as the AS 350, AS 565 Panther, EC 725 Caracal C-SAR, Tigre, NH90 and UH-72A Lakota.
HELIPSYS, MISSION PREPARATION AND RESTITUTION SYSTEM
Capitalizing on numerous mission planning systems for aircraft, such as the recent MPME (mission preparation module for helicopter crews) for the French Army Aviation (ALAT) awarded by the French Ministry of Defense, Sagem Dfense Scurit offers Helipsys as a mission planning and debriefing system for helicopters. Helipsys provides all the services necessary to prepare and debrief missions, including the following: Analysis of cartographic data; Calculation of the best trajectories by taking into account all data from operational theatres, in particular the presence of identified air defence systems, with intervisibility zones according to topography; Calculation of flight data (mass, centring, performance, autonomy, etc) using the flight manual data; Consideration of tactical situation data by transfer from an operational information system; Read out of mission planning data; Software debriefing and experience feedback; Network operation that allows several helicopters missions to be planned simultaneously so that the best tactical plans can be drawn up. Designed for use in joint and combinedarms foreign operations, Helipsys can be used by mounted helicopter forces on aircraft carriers.