The YAESU FT DX Series, born decades ago, soon grew through such best-sellers as the FT DX 401 to represent the very best in high-power DX-ready base stations, and the envy of those unfortunate few who didnt own one. The return of the FT DX series brings back devastating output power, along with the most advanced features and specs, answering the calls for the ultimate DX base station. Throughout the past 50 years, YAESU has poured know-how and passion into our leadership role in the development and perfection of HF SSB technology. This radio is born out of this tradition.
200 W Custom-Configurable Version
Two Pairs of Meters, plus LCD Window VRF Input Preselector Filter Three Key Jacks, and Dual Headphone Jacks 50 V /12 A Internal Switching Regulator Power Supply

200 W Version

Large TFT, Data Management Unit and Flash Memory Slot Built In, Main/Sub Receiver VRF, plus Full Dual Receive Capability Three -Tuning Modules for 160 - 20 M 50 V /12 A Internal Switching Regulator Power Supply
400 W Special Order Version
Two Pairs of Meters, plus LCD Window; Data Management Unit and Flash Memory Slot Built In Main/Sub Receiver VRF, plus Full Dual Receive Capability External 50 V/24 A Switching Regulator Power Supply and Speaker with Audio Filters
Customizing Optional Components
For all versions, you may select the display color at the time of ordering. Additional installation fee applies for installation of different color at later date.
Light Blue Display option (Order via WDXC)

Light Blue

Umber Orange Display option (Order via WDXC)

Umber Orange

FT DX 9000 Contest The joy of creating the most advanced equipment. let it expand your spirit of exploration. That's why, for contest and DX-pedition use, we've developed the FT DX 9000 Contest.
Extra Key and Headphone Jacks
In the FT DX 9000 Contest version, we have optimized the front panel for flexibility in single- or multi-operator station setups. An additional Key jack (for a total of three, two on the front panel) allows multiple keyer paddles to be connected, so two operators can respond to different calling stations. And an additional headphone jack makes it easy for a main operator and a logger to sit side-by-side and work a contest or DXpedition pile-up at high rate!
System Customization Diagrams

TFT Display Unit

TFT-9000
Installation of the TFT Unit requires the concurrent installation of the Data Management Unit. Installation of the TFT Unit after the date of original transceiver purchase involves an installation fee; contact WDXC for details.
Data Management Unit Memory Card (Includes 64 MB Compact Flash

and Card Slot)

External Display (After-market item,

not supplied)

DMU-9000

800 x 600 SVGA

PS2 or USB (After-marketkeyboard supplied) item, not
VRF (Variable RF Filter) 1.MHz Preselector Module Built In Use Your Creativity to Build Your System. Your imagination evolves, and your station follows.
* The Contest version can become the equivalent of the "D" version by installation of all options. * Selection of Umber or Light Blue display color is made at time of transceiver purchase. Modification of display color at later date incurs a modification fee. * Installation of TFT Unit requires concurrent installation of Data Management Unit (DMU-9000). * Installation of TFT Unit after date of original transceiver purchase incurs a modification fee.

VRF Unit VRF-9000

Dual Receive Unit RXU-9000
RF -Tuning Unit A RF -Tuning Unit B RF -Tuning Unit C MTU-160 MTU-80/40 MTU-30/20
160 M Band 80/60 M Bands 30/20 M Bands

FT DX 9000D

The Ultimate, "All Options Installed" Version. With three -Tune modules, for the pinnacle of receiver performance!
Three -Tuning Modules Factory Installed
The D version is equipped, at the factory, with all three -Tuning modules, covering the 160, 80/40, and 30/20 meter Amateur bands.
The Spectrum Scope's bandwidth (span) may be programmed, by the operator, to 25 kHz, 50 kHz, 100 kHz 250 kHz, 500 kHz, 1 MHz, or 2.5 MHz, with the sweep speed remaining constant. Resolution is automatically programmed according to the span width: for 250 kHz and lower, the resolution is 1 kHz, while for wider spans the resolution is set to 6 kHz.
Band-Swept SWR Indication
The SWR graph plots the SWR of your antenna system, as seen at the transceiver's Antenna jack, as you make transmissions across the band.

World Clock Feature

Large, Easy-to-Read TFT Display

The wide-screen 6.5" TFT display is an 800 x 400 dot configuration, for high resolution; the FT DX 9000D is also configured with a rear-panel port allowing connection of an external display.

Log Book Feature

The Logbook feature allows you to connect your own keyboard to the read panel of the transceiver, and then utilize the onboard Logbook function for station recordkeeping.
A unique innovation adopted in the FT DX 9000D's Spectrum Scope is the LBWS (Limited Band Width Sweep) feature, which allows you to engage a high-speed sweep of a particular segment (50 %, 30 %, or 10 %) of the full span. If you select 50 % of the full bandwidth, the sweep speed is doubled; if you select 30 %, the sweep speed is tripled, and at 10 % the sweep speed is ten times faster!

SPAN: 25 kHz

SPAN: 2.5 MHz

Memory Channel List

The Memory Channel List provides details of the 5-Group, 99-Channel memory system. The frequency, mode, and any programmed identification label will all be displayed, and since all the channels are listed, it is easy to look across them quickly so as to locate a particular memory channel of interest.

LBWS Display

LBWS Panadapter, Dual RF Scope
Audio Scope/Oscilloscope Feature
LBWS Features Variable Bandwidth and Center Frequency
Great Circle Direction-Indicating Map

Single Display

Dual Display

Spectrum Display

Waterfall Display

FT DX 9000MP Accessory

FPS-9000H External Power Supply with Dual Speakers and Audio Filters (Output: 50 V/24 A)
Size (WHD): 9.7"X6.5"X17.2" / 246X165X438mm (w/o knobs)

Rotator Control Feature

KEY1/F1 KEY3/F3 KEY5/F5
Antenna Bearing Indication using Great Circle Map

KEY7/F7

FT DX 9000MP The pinnacle of HF Transceiver performance has been reached in the 400-Watt FT DX 9000MP. You'll know that special feeling from the moment your fingertips touch the dial.
Stable, reliable power output from a PA module without peer.

Proprietary Large-digit High-brightness VFD (Fluorescent Character Display Tube)
Main/Sub Band Functional Display LEDs
Convenient indication LEDs are strategically positioned near the knobs or function displays associated with them, and in the case of the two receivers the functions are easily separated due to the Main Receiver being associated with Red LEDs, and the Sub Receiver with Orange. The easy recognition of functions and their status aids in reducing operator stress over long hours of operation, day or night.
Your Station Becomes a Cockpit, with All Meters Facing the Pilot
Just as in a cockpit, the meter faces are inclined at a 2 angle, so as to face the operator directly, thus eliminating glare and difficulty in reading the indications.

Dual Band Display Mode

Monoband Display Mode
Umber and Light Blue Display Options
Among the display options, at the time of purchase, are the normal Umber display or the alternative Light Blue option. Both are outstanding for long hours of operation with minimal fatigue due to eye strain, and the proprietary display design provides outstanding contrast, whichever option you choose. Color modification is available after purchase; the entire display must be changed out in this case.

Indirect Illumination

For ease of nighttime operation, the controls on the front panel are indirectly illuminated, thanks to carefully-positioned lamps in the frame underneath the meters and TFT (depending on model).

Umber Display

Blue Display

Operability

Even the first time you operate the FT DX 9000, you're not searching for a knob you need to turn, but naturally your fingers touch the right location on the front panel; this is the intuitive feeling we have labored to achieve. And the more time you spend with this rig, the more comfortable you'll feel with every aspect of operation. This is superb operability.
Three Large Knobs for Effortless Operation
On the lower right-hand side of the front panel, three large (1.5/39 mm) knobs are provided for several of the most often-used control operations. The AF/RF Gain knobs are high-quality, concentric volume controls with the extreme durability normally found on high-use test equipment. The SHIFT/WIDTH controls utilize a carefully-specified dial tension, so as to ensure both ease and precision in adjustment and stability of the settings.

The Joy of Operating

In the ideal case, you and your transceiver become as one. Besides just being a transmitter for your signal, your rig must be designed with the most important functions immediately available for adjustment. When fleeting opportunities present themselves, the superior operability of the FT DX 9000 lets you seize the moment. Touch the Main Dial, and You Know the FT DX 9000 is Different.

The Main Tuning Dial is a large-diameter (3.2/81 mm) die-cast aluminum dial directly coupled to the magnetic rotary encoder which drives the HRDDS via microprocessor control. Its heavy weight (7 oz./200 g) and quality mounting and construction provide a smooth flywheel effect during operation, ideal for quick cruising up and down a band. The main tuning dial is constructed in two parts, main dial and skirt. When you touch your fingers on main dial, your fingertip feels the air gap between the skirt and main dial. This air gap reduces sweat accumulation on the operators fingertips, enhancing tuning precision during long operating sessions, especially on DX-peditions to hot tropical areas. Ease of operation is further enhanced by the convenient positioning of frequency-determining switches immediately adjacent to the Main Tuning Dial. VFO and Memory selection switches are all located to the right, while the Store and Recall switches for the Quick Memory Bank (QMB) memory registers are easy-to-spot blue switches just to the left of the Main Tuning Dial.

Multi-Function Dial

To the right of the other two primary control knobs is a multifunction knob that serves a number of important purposes. Its most-often-used tasks include VFO-B and Clarifier (offset) tuning, and the large diameter makes precise tuning effortless. When operating in the VFO-B mode, moreover, this knob may be used for tuning in 500 kHz steps (for quick general coverage band change), as well as operating mode selection for VFO-B.
main dial made possible by Torque adjustment of the the dial andisits associated skirt. use of the dual structure of Boasting an ultra-smooth flywheel effect, the dial affords you a light tuning touch, with the profound feeling of quality associated with a heavy, precision dial assembly. Just hold the dial skirt, and rotate the main dial structure, and you can quickly customize the dial torque for just the right feel for your style of tuning. skillful hole in the main From thefrom the way that the fingerknob structure, to dial is carved heavy aluminum the quality and precision of the bearing used to secure the dial drive shaft, youre in for a profoundly enjoyable experience from the simple act of tuning your FT DX 9000!

Dial Swap Feature

The AF and RF Gain controls are large knobs located at the bottom right side of the front panel, and being concentric they are ideally configured for most use.
VFO B AF GAIN VFO A RF GAIN
"My Bands" Feature
When changing bands using the multi-function knob on the right side of the front panel, you can customize the band selection by omitting bands you do not need at the moment, thus reducing clutter and confusion when changing bands in a contest.

1.9MHz 3.5MHz 7MHz 10MHz 14MHz 18MHz 21MHz 24MHz 28MHz 50MHz 3.5MHz 7MHz 14MHz 21MHz 28MHz 3.5

CS Key

Menu Mode
Antenna Switching Optimized for Contest Use
Antenna switching on the FT DX 9000 is accomplished electronically, with one-touch ease of storage and access for arranging your antennas, on the Main and Sub VFOs, for efficient contest and DX operation. A dedicated receive-only jack is provided for Beverage or receiving loop use. And for insertion of a special bandpass filter, preamp, etc., BNC In/Out jacks are provided in Antenna Selection: ANT 1 VFO A: Red LED/ANT 2 VFO B: Orange LED the receiver input path, for quick connection and minimal confusion with other rear-panel jacks.
ANT Selector Antenna Switching System Block Diagram
Select by Customized Band
The Custom Selection (CS) key, located below and to the left of the main tuning dial, serves as a hot key to an often-used Menu selection, providing a quick means of returning to a Menu item you use often.
As you tune the dial, youre in a special seat reserved for true HF enthusiasts.
Many important control functions have been brought out of the configuration menu and placed on the front panel, per the requests of active operators worldwide, and theyre grouped in together for instant access. For CW operation, controls such as Pitch, Keyer Speed, CW Delay, and Keyer On/Off are all closely grouped, while for SSB the VOX Gain and Delay, Mic Gain, Processor Level, and Compression Level metering controls are positioned close together. And operations associated with the Sub Receiver are all assembled in a special area on the bottom left-hand side of the panel, so you may use your left hand for feature selection and your right hand for tuning of the Sub Receiver. Both direct frequency entry and one-touch band change are also provided, for efficient QSY.
Keyboard-based Logbook Feature
The rear panel includes convenient USB and PS-2 keyboard terminals, which may be utilized for connection of an aftermarket computer keyboard (not supplied) for entry of data for the onboard Logbook function. The date, time of day, frequency, and mode are entered automatically by the microprocessor, allowing you to save time by entering just the callsign and personal data of the other station!

Smart Memory Card for Data Storage
The Smart Memory (CF) card may be used to store useful information, such as your favorite band setup configuration, as well as look book data, which you can then download to your PC for utilization with aftermarket logging or stationmanagement software.
External Bandpass Filter, etc. BNC Jack BNC Jack RX ANT Jack (M/ UHF Type) Receive-only Antenna
Identical Antenna Dual Receive
On each band, VFO A/B registers retain antenna selection data.
The close-in, multi-signal environment. This is where a truly high-quality radio makes the difference.
The instant the antenna is connected, you hear a gentle rush, but you immediately notice how low the noise level is. Then you begin to observe weak signals that you probably never knew were there. But this was just the starting point for our research and development team for their elite class HF transceiver for the new decade. Not only did they devote attention to measurement data such as BDR (Blocking Dynamic Range), IDR (IMD Dynamic Range), and IP3 (3rd-Order Intercept Point), which all are in the limelight in the modern HF industry, but they also directed special attention on high performance in the difficult close-in multiple-strong-signal environment by determining the optimum gain allocation for each stage, the purity of all local signals, adequate gain in the mixers, and then followed the research up with exhaustive field tests.
Ultra-Strong RF Front End
YAESU's outstanding RF-stage filtering system cuts off strong signals outside the RF filters' passbands. Then it is the important task of the RF amplifier and first mixer stages to have outstanding characteristics, so as to excel in performance as they confront the many close-in signals within the RF front-end filters. The RF Amplifier stage consists of a pair of SST310 Junction FETs in a parallel push-pull configuration to provide low noise figure and excellent immunity to blocking and Intermodulation. For the 21 MHz and higher bands, push-pull configured 3SK131 FETs are used for optimal noise figure performance on these higher frequencies. Following the RF Amplifier is the 1st Mixer, crafted using four SST310s in a doubly-balanced configuration ideal for optimizing IMD rejection in a multi-signal environment. Gain distribution in the front end is carefully balanced, as are stage gains throughout the receiver. The power supply in the front end runs at 22 Volts, further enhancing strong-signal performance. And the 1st Mixer, being an active type, does not contribute loss to the signal path, so frequently there is no need to use the RF amplifier stage at all (IPOIntercept Point Optimization mode), but rather provide direct feed to the 1st mixer, which improves intermodulation performance further. For operation on the 50 MHz band, a lower Noise Figure is sometimes important, especially for owners in very quiet locations operating EME (Moonbounce) or other very-weaksignal modes. So for 50 MHz operation, Yaesu's engineers have designed a special low-noise GaAs FET RF Amplifier using push-pull SGM2016 devices, while the first mixer utilizes four 2SK520 Junction FETs to push the Noise Figure well below what is required during HF operation. RX Unit (Showing the VRF and BPF Units)

VRF Response Characteristics (7 MHz)
-Tune Circuit Functional Diagram
VFO Dial -T Dial Controller/Tuning Data Memory
New Ultra-High-Stability Oven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator (OCXO)

Stepping Motor

TUNE Button
Position Sensor Marker Probe Position Sensor Position Sensor
Enjoy the New World of YAESU 32-bit Floating-Point DSP, Crafted through Worldwide DXer Input for Uniquely High Performance and Operability
The new IF DSP system, utilizing a TI TMS320C6711 device, is a high-speed 32-bit floating point circuit designed with a unique objective: to do away with the "digital" sound of many DSP filtering systems, and emulate the "Analog Sound" so familiar and comfortable to HF DX and Contest operators. Special attention has been paid to AGC attack/ release time design within the DSP, so as to enhance weak- 32-Bit High-Speed signal reception on crowded bands. Floating-Point DSP
Serving as the master reference oscillator for the transceiver, the 10 MHz OCXO is a large-area (50 x 50 mm/2 x 2) oscillator operating at high temperature, for ultra-high thermal stability for the oscillator components. OCXO Frequency Stability The resulting frequency 0.3 stability precision is truly 0.2 amazing: its rated at 0.03 0.1 ppm over the temperature range -10 to +60 C (-to +140 F). You can be -0.1 proud to utilize the highest stability ever provided an -0.2 -0.3 Amateur rig.

Frequency Drift (Hz)

-10 -55 60

Temperature C

Renowned Interference-Fighting WIDTH/SHIFT Controls: Now DSP-Based!

10 dB/Div 2 MHz/Div

New Mu () Narrow-bandwidth High-Q RF Filters Using Large-Diameter (28 mm) Coils: Helping Weak Signals Rise Out of the Interference and Noise!
Operation on the low bands, especially 1.8 MHz, frequently involves very strong signals from close-by broadcast stations, with signal voltages much greater than on the high bands due to NVIS propagation and large antenna size. Heretofore no RF filtering system in an Amateur Transceiver was fully equipped to cope with this challenge, but Yaesu's new " -Tuning" filter breaks new ground, providing ultra-high-Q RF preselection selectivity on the 14 MHz and lower Amateur bands. A total of three Tuning filter modules are required for this band coverage (1.8 MHz, 3.5/7 MHz, and 10/14 MHz), and all three modules are installed on the FT DX 9000D version; on the other versions, they are available options. When the front panel's " -T" switch is turned on, the VRF circuit is switched out of the receiver input line, and is replaced by the -Tune circuit, which provides much tighter RF selectivity thanks to the high Q (300 or more) afforded by the large 28 mm (1.1") diameter Ni-Zn ferrite magnet toroidal coil stack used in filter construction. As the toroid stack is passed through the coil structure, the center frequency is adjusted, and the resulting 3 dB bandwidth is approximately 12 kHz on 1.8 MHz (-30 dB bandwidth 450 kHz). Insertion of the -Tuning filter alone typically increases the IP3 by 4 dB. The core stack is driven by a high-resolution hybrid stepping motor (4-phase, unipolar motor with 2-phase magnetization and 1.8 step resolution) which is connected to a long-life synchronized belt drive with an operational lifetime of over 10,000 hours. In order to cover the 1.8 MHz bands, the moving core stack is a whopping 2.2 (55 mm) long, and the resonance is controlled automatically by the microprocessor as you tune around the band. Manual override (5 kHz during auto mode, or full manual tuning) is provided, allowing you to make very fine peaking adjustments in the peaking and/or interference suppression of the -Tune filter.

Long-life Synchronizing Drive Belt

Digital Noise Reduction

Capable of reducing atmospheric and other noises using sixteen different unique, original mathematical algorithms, the DSP's Digital Noise Reduction circuitry is a powerful tool for enhancing signal-to- Digital Noise Reduction Performance noise ratio on difficult paths. Different conditions may call for a different noise reduction parameter, and with the proper selection weak signals will literally jump out of the background noise, making copy much easier.
MKR(250):1.555kHz A MAG OUTPUT 0.0dBm SWT 230s IRG 0dBm RBW 10Hz VBW 100Hz DRG 400ms START:10Hz STOP:3.1kHz
The rear panel's RCA, 3.5 mm, and 6 mm connectors are all goldplated, to ensure high reliability and low resistance, especially critical for maintaining integrity and low distortion in low-level audio circuits.

RF -Tuning Unit Photo

Three -Tune Modules Installed in FT DX 9000 Mainframe

SLOPED AGC Feature

The AGC (Automatic Gain Control) circuitry for the receivers is designed to limit the gain through the RF and IF stages, so as to limit gain at a safe level in the interest of preventing distortion in and saturation of the amplifiers and mixers.
LOPED/NORMAL AGC Conceptual Drawing

Sloped Output

Utilizing First-Rate Parts with Superior Durability
In order to secure stable long-term high performance, expensive proprietary high-accuracy sealed-mold potentiometers (similar to those found in high-end audio gear) are used exclusively on Proprietary the FT DX 9000 for the AF/RF Gain Sealed-MoldHigh-Accuracy Potentiometers and SHIFT/WIDTH controls. To ensure stability of impedance over all frequencies, Teflon-dielectric coaxial antenna connectors are employed on the rear panel of the FT DX 9000. Teflon Coaxial Connectors The Data Management Unit, which utilizes its own high-speed VIA C3/667 MHz processor, is isolated, on the right edge, from the weaksignal areas of the transceiver. It's equipped with its own wide-area heat sink, and the combination of the effective shielding and lack of fan noise helps maintain the weaksignal capabilities of the receiver.
Normal (Traditional AGC) AGC Start
Systematic Modular Layout within Each Design Block Yields Superior Heat Dissipation
Long-duration aging was performed during the heat-dissipation design of the FT DX 9000, seeking to secure maximum durability and reliability of all components.

SEP COM

High-fidelity Dual Speaker System Built In!
Receiver audio quality is important to you, and we've made it a high priority on the FT DX 9000. That's why we created a unique speaker enclosure system optimized for enhancing audio quality from a transceiver, utilizing a pair of 3.6" (92 mm) speakers in a housing optimized for the dual-speaker design.
Top-End, but Practical, Operating Features
CW Functions Built-in Electronic Keyer, with Weight control, "Bug" setup option, and key plug connection inversion; speed is variable between 4 and 60 WPM. CW SPOT, using the sidetone pitch (400-1000 Hz) to zero in on incoming signals. Multiple-LED CW Zero-Beat Tuning Indicator. Two Key jacks (Contest version: 3) that may be configured both for paddle and computer-driven keying (simultaneously). CW Reverse, allowing you to tune using the opposite sideband for interference rejection. CW Delay (30 ms - 3 sec, analogous to VOX Delay on voice modes). Full CW Break-in. Multi-function contest message memory keyer with imbedded, incrementing serial

Independent Power Switch and Circuit Breaker (D/Contest Versions)
The main power switch and rear-panel circuit breaker both help to ensure high stability, even with the transceiver turned off. By leaving the circuit breaker turned on, power is supplied to the OCXO (even if the transceiver main power is off); this keeps the reference oscillator stabilized at its operating temperature, and when you turn the transceiver itself on you'll not have to endure a "warm-up time" as the crystal oven reaches its specified operating temperature.
numbers, utilizing supplied FH-2 Remote Control Keypad. Up to five 50-character (PARIS system) message memories are provided. Adjustable CW attack/decay times. Receiver Functions Continuous coverage reception: 30 kHz - 60 MHz (specifications guaranteed only in Amateur bands). Selectable front-end attenuator (Off/3/6/12/18 dB). Four-stage AGC circuit, which can be configured (Off/Slow/Medium/Fast) independently on each operating mode. Transmitter Functions VOX MOX Continuous RF power control. Operation on Alaska Emergency Frequency (5167.5 MHz) and 60-Meter band (U.S. version). Miscellaneous Capabilities YAESU-exclusive one-touch LED/ switches for Main-Sub TX and RX control. During Split operation, one-touch TXW (TX Watch) button lets you listen on your transmit frequency. One-touch VFO switching (A>B, B>A, and A<>B) and Split mode setup. One touch VFO/Memory control (V/M, M>A, A>M). Dial Lock function. Function-based, easy-access menu mode. Versatile scanning functions. 99 Memories (5 memory groups available) with Alpha-numeric labeling available. Five-channel QMB (Quick Memory Bank) one-touch memory bank which stores frequency and mode. Memory Offset Tuning (MT) offers VFO-like tuning off from a memorized frequency. Digital recording of incoming audio, activated by pushing the P.BACK button for 2 seconds, records the most-recent 30 seconds of receiver audio on a running basis; pressing P.BACK while recording changes indicator LED from Red to Orange and begins playback. Fivemessage (20 seconds each) digital voice memory for repetitive transmitted messages, using supplied FH-2 Keypad which also facilitates remote command functions. CAT (Computer-Aided Transceiver) command control via rear-panel RS-232C jack. Repeater Shift and 50 CTCSS Tones (Encode/Decode) for 29/50 MHz repeaters. FM "Narrow" mode. AM Wide/Narrow modes. Automatic Power-Off function can turn transceiver off after a user-defined time period of up to two hours. Miscellaneous Capabilities The rear panel includes a convenient DATA terminal for interconnection to AFSK devices like TNCs and Sound Cards for operation on PSK31, RTTY, HF Packet, SSTV, and WSJT.

The Ultimate in Signal Purity: Class-A Operation
We share your interest in the highest signal quality! From start to finish, the FT DX 9000 design stresses SSB signal quality. Your microphone audio is first passed through the YAESU-exclusive three-band Parametric Microphone Equalizer, allowing you to adjust audio quality more precisely than ever. And the journey ends with the ultra-low-distortion Class-A final amplifier capability, which typically suppresses 3rd-order IMD better than 50 dB and 5th-order and higher responses by 70 dB or more!
Professional-Grade Cannon (XLR) Microphone Connector
For audio professionals, a Cannon-type (XLR) balanced connector is provided on the front panel of the transceiver, affording easy connection to Heil Sound or other high-end microphone systems and processors. And if your microphone has a traditional 8-pin connector, a matching jack is provided on the rear panel of the transceiver. Cannon (XLR) Connector
Microphone Circuitry Block Diagram
(w/48 V Mic Power LED engaged)

Quality Transmit Audio

It's how your signal will be remembered. So it won't do to be less than the best! New-Design High-Power Final Amplifier Automatic, High-Speed
The 200-Watt PA section of the FT DX 9000 utilizes push-pull SD2931 devices in a conservative, high-stability design. The heat sink is a huge 2720 cc aluminum design, using a 3 mm copper plate with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity to spread heat effectively during continuous transmission, or Class-A operation. The thermostaticallycontrolled cooling fan is a 4-3/4" (120 mm) brushless design that cools the heat sink effectively and quietly, and at night the fan will turn at slow speed to minimize noise in your operating room. Heat sink temperature monitoring is provided in the TFT or in a front panel meter (depending on the version), so you can constantly observe the cooling performance of your transceiver and adjust your operating conditions appropriately. Sounds good!!

200-Watt PA Unit

500-Watt-Capable Antenna Tuner

Front Rear

AF Unit Balanced-Unbalanced Conversion BALUN 48 V AMP Front AMP Rear
DSP 3 Stage Parametric EQ f1

Skillfully-Conceived Microphone Circuit for First-Class Transmit Audio Quality Ultra-Low-Distortion Class-A Final Amplifier for Best IMD Suppression on the Band!
Referring to the illustrations below, note the very low distortion obtainable with the FT DX 9000's Class A operating capability. In the FT DX 9000, you have front-panel control over the bias level applied to the final amplifier, affording continuous adjustment of the operating conditions, from Class A to Class AB! In the 400-Watt version, the power output becomes 100 Watts, and typical 3rd-order IMD drops to -50 dB, while 5th- and higher-order IMD drops below -70 dB! The microphone input circuit is a low-noise FET design, using a professional-grade Tamura TpAs-203 audio transformer to ensure high fidelity is preserved. Additionally, when using a professional high-fidelity condenser microphone requiring a 48-Volt supply, this voltage may be enabled on the front panel XLR connector by changing an internal jumper, and a LED on the front panel will light up to confirm that voltage is being supplied to the XLR connector.
Yaesu Exclusive: 3-Stage Parametric Equalizer Microphone Amplifier
Another design breakthrough on the FT DX 9000 Series is the incorporation of the industry's first three-band Parametric Equalizer Microphone Amplifier. The Parametric Equalizer, compared to simpler designs, allows very precise enhancements of three different ranges (bass, mid-range, and treble) of audio frequency response, providing unmatched ability for you to match your radio's response to your voice and microphone. The front and rear microphone Parametric Equalizer Frequency Response inputs may be equalized independently, and the sparkling fidelity from 0 your FT DX 9000 will make you the envy of everyone else on the band!
+10dB Bandwidth/Gain (Q) Level (dB) Gain/Loss -10dB
Class A: Ultra-Low TX IMD (PO: 100 W MP Version) 200-Watt Version Utilizes

Push-Pull SD2931 Devices

Final Amplifier Temperature Display

(MP/Contest Versions)

High-Speed Automatic Antenna Tuner
A comprehensive review of previous antenna tuner designs has resulted in the adoption of a new, high-speed design based on the use of stepper motors to provide high precision and quick recall of previous settings. A total of 100 antenna tuner data memories may be preserved, allowing handsfree return to a particular frequency where tuning data was stored. In the antenna tuning circuit, ultra-rugged relays, coils, and capacitors rated for operation at the 500-Watt level are employed, to ensure high reliability for many years.

The unique capability to set the desired bias operating point, from Class A to AB, allows you to optimize the bias point-on the fly-to conform to the operating conditions you utilize, whether you're in a local, high-fidelity rag-chew or in the heat of battle in a contest, where Class AB will generate less heat in your operating room.
Class AB: Typical IMD at 400 W PEP Output
Renowned Speech Processor Design for that "Sunday Punch" in a Pile-up! Transmitter Monitor Feature Full Duplex Operation Low-Level Transverter Output Jack
FT DX 9000 Standard Equipment Chart

(Special Order Version)

FH-2 Remote Control Keypad

(Supplied Accessory)

Transmitter Power Output AC Input Appearance and Features
Dual Receive Unit (Sub Receiver) RXU-9000 Sub Receiver RF Unit VRF-9000 RF -Tuning Unit A (160 m Band) MTU-160 RF -Tuning Unit B (80/40 m Bands) MTU-80/40 RF -Tuning Unit C (30/20 m Bands) MTU-30/20 Data Management Unit DMU-9000 TFT Display Unit TFT-9000
200 W Universal Input (100-240 VAC) without re-wiring
FPS-9000H AC Power Supply with Dual Speakers and Audio Filters LCD + 2 Dual Meters, no Sub Receiver LCD + 2 Dual Meters, Large 6.5" TFT Display Main Receiver includes VRF Main/Sub Receiver includes VRF Main/Sub Receiver includes VRF
Option Option Option Option Option
Allows interconnection of external LCD display (not supplied) when TFT Unit is not installed.
Message Memory Selection Keys Recording/ Playback Key (same as P. BACK Key on front panel)
Memory Key Message Keyer Navigation Keys (using TFT/LCD) Message Memory Keyer Contest Number Decrement Key

Option Option Option

Option
Option (DMU-9000 required)
Option please specify when ordering. please specify when ordering.

Supplied Accessories

FH-2 Remote Control Keypad 64 MB CF Card Message Keyer, (included with MP/D versions) Audio Message Memory Command and Selection RCA Plugs (6 pcs.) Stereo Plugs (2 pcs.) 3.5 mm Mono Plugs (2 pcs.) 3.5 mm Stereo Plug (1 pc.) 4-Pin DIN Plug (1 pc.) 5-Pin DIN Plug (1 pc.) 7-Pin DIN Plug (1 pc.) For retention of Log Book text data 8-PIN DIN Plug (1 pc.) AC Cord (1 pc.) 8 Pin Modular Mic Adapter Cable (for MD-200A8X,MD-100A8X,MH-31B8) FT DX 9000MP Accessory FPS-9000H External Power Supply with Dual Speakers and Audio Filters (Output: 50 V/24 A) Size (WHD): 9.7"X6.5"X17.2" / 246X165X438mm (w/o knobs)

-66 dB

Light Blue Display Color
please specify when ordering.
Additional installation charges will apply if accessories are ordered after original purchase date for transceiver.

VERTEX STANDARD YAESU EUROPE B.V.
For the latest Yaesu news,visit us on the Internet:
US Headquarters 10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A.
http://www.vxstdusa.com Email: amateursales@vxstdusa.com Phone 714/827-7600; Fax 714/827-8100

http://www.vxstd.com

P.O. Box 75525, 1118 ZN Schiphol, The Netherlands

YAESU UK LTD.

http://www.yaesu.co.uk Email: sales@yaesu.co.uk
Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K.

VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD.

2005.05001NA(U/E) B9200484A Printed in Japan

http://www.vxstd.com.hk

Unit 5, 20 /F., Seaview Centre, 139-141 Hoi Bun Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Major Physical Differences
At first glance, the Contest appears to be an FTDX9000D without the TFT display. True, but only partly. A mammoth tuning knob with a rubberized no-slip grip,

Mark J. Wilson, K1RO

Product Review Editor

k1ro@arrl.org

From March 2006 QST ARRL
superior selectivity (more on that later); the DMU-9000 data management unit ($1575 installed) and its optional TFT-9000 TFT display ($1100 or $1600 for the TFT-9000A installed). If you dont want to spring for the TFT-9000, the DMU-9000 lets you hook up your own external display. Do the math. A loaded Contest will run you $12,135 ($12,635 with the A model TFT display). Thats more than the cost of the D model while still lacking some its features, such as the flash memory card slot. [Prices are typical and approximate. Ed.] The key fact to keep in mind is that with this arrangement a user can have a custom built high-end radio with features optimized for a particular application. This is a radical change in the way amateur gear is marketed. Having these options installed will change the Contests front-panel configuration. For example, the DMU-9000 requires a third tier of front-panel controls (without the DMU-9000, our unit had extra KEY and PHONES jacks). The RF -Tune units add more controls and scrunch the roofing filter setting/display to the right. Add the TFT9000 display, and the Contest will look pretty much like the FTDX9000D.
Table 1 Yaesu FTDX9000 Contest, serial number 5G020107
Manufacturers Specications
Frequency coverage: Receive, 0.03-60 MHz; transmit, 1.8-2, 3.5-4, 5.33, 5.35, 5.37, 5.40, 7-7.3, 10.1-10.15,14-14.35,18.068-18.168, 21-21.45, 24.89-24.99, 28-29.7, 50-54 MHz. Power requirement: 90-264 V ac; receive, 100 VA (no signal); transmit, 720 VA (200 W out).

Measured in the ARRL Lab

Receive and transmit, as specied.

As specied.

Operating modes: SSB, CW, AM, FM, FSK, AFSK. As specied. Receiver SSB/CW sensitivity, 2.4 kHz bandwidth, 10 dB S+N/N: 1.8-30 MHz, 0.2 V; 50-54 MHz, 0.13 V. Receiver Dynamic Testing Noise Floor (MDS), 500 Hz lter: Preamp off Preamp on 1.0 MHz 114 dBm 120 dBm 3.5 MHz 124 dBm 134 dBm 14 MHz 123 dBm 133 dBm 50 MHz 117 dBm 136 dBm 10 dB (S+N)/N, 1-kHz tone, 30% mod: Preamp off Preamp on 1.0 MHz 8.9 V 4.2 V 3.8 MHz 2.2 V 0.89 V 50 MHz 5.4 V 0.80 V For 12 dB SINAD: Preamp off 29 MHz 1.6 V 52 MHz 2.3 V Preamp on 0.46 V 0.29 V

AM sensitivity, 6 kHz bandwidth, 10 dB S+N/N: 0.1-1.8 MHz, 3.2 V; 1.8-30 MHz, 2 V; 50-54 MHz, 1 V.
FM sensitivity, 12 dB SINAD: 28-30 MHz, 0.5 V; 50-54 MHz, 0.35 V.
Blocking dynamic range: Not specied.

On the Air

The 200 W output Contest got uniformly positive reviews from stations I worked during casual operation. While getting the right mic level and IF DSP processor settings took a little bit of tinkering, it sounds terrific on SSB by all accounts. One station sent me a recording of an on-air audio comparison between the Contest and my IC-756PROIII (same mic in both cases a Heil Pro-Set Plus!). The Contest clearly had the edge in audio quality, processor on or off. By the way, the minimum compression level for the processor is about 10 dB, which is the maximum the manual says you should apply. Often less is more when it comes to compressors, however. As do its pricier siblings, the Contest offers a three-band parametric equalizer to tailor transmit audio to suit the users voice and microphone choice. Briefly, parametric equalization lets you specify a center frequency for either boosting or cutting and a bandwidth for each of the three ranges across the transmitted audio passband. While more difficult to use than the bass and treble controls on some radios, the parametric equalizer provides a professional approach appropriate to the XLR mic connector on the front panel. Its unfortunate that the manual does not go into further detail about how to get the most out of this particular feature. Yaesu indicates that that their Web site will provide all manual updates as they become available. The CW keying is excellent (see Figure 2), and you can tinker with menu settings to customize weighting as well as rise time (shape).
Blocking dynamic range, 500 Hz lter: 20 kHz 5 kHz/2 kHz Preamp off/on Preamp off 3.5 MHz 128*/134* dB 118*/97 dB 14 MHz 128*/133* dB 119*/97 dB 50 MHz 114*/130* dB 106*/96 dB Two-tone, third-order IMD dynamic range, 500 Hz lter: 20 kHz 5 kHz/2 kHz Preamp off/on Preamp off 3.5 MHz 99/94 dB 99/79 dB 14 MHz 101/100 dB 98*/78 dB 50 MHz 97/95 dB 91/78 dB 20 kHz 5 kHz/2 kHz Preamp off/on Preamp off 3.5 MHz +27/+10 dBm +27/+0 dBm 14 MHz +35/+20 dBm +32/+1 dBm 50 MHz +33/+8 dBm +27/+6 dBm Preamp off/on, +65/+65 dBm. 20 kHz offset, preamp on: 29 MHz, 85 dB; 52 MHz, 83 dB.
Two-tone, third-order IMD dynamic range: Not specied.
Third-order intercept: Not specied.
Second-order intercept: Not specied. FM adjacent channel rejection: Not specied.

Size (height, width, depth): 6.5 20.4 17.3 inches; weight, 66 pounds.
*Measurement was noise-limited at the value indicated. **Measured with 500 Hz lter. Varies with PITCH control settings. ***The 9th order products at 200 W and 5th, 7th and 9th order products in Class A were below measurable level.
Figure 3 Worst-case spectral display of the FTDX9000 Contest transmitter during keying sideband testing. Equivalent keying speed is 60 WPM using external keying. Spectrum analyzer resolution bandwidth is 10 Hz, and the sweep time is 30 seconds. The transmitter was being operated at 200 W PEP output at 14.2 MHz.

QS0603-PR04

The built-in keyer operates smoothly in semi and full break-in modes, although I did alter the weighting slightly. I used the Contest during the CQ World Wide CW DX Contest and the ARRL 160Meter Contest, also a CW event. Once I got the hang of it, even the weakest signals became copiable with the Contest. Its truly a superior performer. It seemed there was nary a signal I could not copy. For example, the CONTOUR, VRF, NR (noise reduction) and NOTCH features all came in handy while trying to pull TF3CW out of the mud during the CQ WW. While the VRF and NR help keep down noise, the unique CONTOUR feature (menu adjustable) lets you notch or boost within the passband, although you must go to the menu
to switch to or adjust either function. (This feature may be a good choice to program into the C.S custom switch button, which gives quick access to a single menu item.) In addition to zapping unwanted signals or heterodynes, the conventional NOTCH permits additional filter shaping. The D.NOTCH is an auto-notch. On SSB, engaging one or more of these functions will affect audio quality to a greater or lesser degree. Of course, it doesnt hurt to be able to wind the bandwidth down to 200 Hz (it will go as low as 25), or to be able to shift the IF passband as needed, all thanks to the 32-bit floating point DSP. In addition to being able to customize a raft of automatic gain control (AGC) settings,
Reference Level: - 60 dBc/Hz Vertical Scale: dBc/Hz
Frequency Sweep: 2 to 22 kHz from Carrier
Figure 4 Worst-case spectral display of the FTDX9000 Contest transmitter output during composite-noise testing. Power output is 200 W at 14.02 MHz. The carrier, off the left edge of the plot, is not shown. This plot shows composite transmitted noise 2 to 22 kHz from the carrier.
ARRL Lab Data Presentation Changes
In the January 2006 Product Review column, we introduced the new Key Measurements Summarycolor charts showing different test parameters relative to the range of typical values. This month, we introduce two additional changes to the test data prepared by the ARRL Lab for HF transceivers.
0 Reference Level: 10 Vertical Scale: dB0 dBc QS0603-PRA
Close-In Dynamic Range The first change is subtle in appearance but quite significant in impact additional receiver dynamic range measurements at 2 kHz spacing. For several decades, QST Product Reviews have included measurements for IMD dynamic range and blocking dynamic range at a signal spacing of 20 kHz.1 In July 2001, we added measurements taken at 5 kHz spacing to better represent receiver performance on a crowded band.2 The appearance of transceivers with narrow bandwidth roofing filters and upconverting first IFs has spurred interest in dynamic range even closer in. The ARRL Lab has tested dynamic range at offsets as low as 1 kHz since 1996, publishing this data in Expanded Test Result Reports.3 Members have expressed interest in seeing the 2 kHz spacing data in the column, so starting this month we will publish dynamic range measurements at 20 kHz spacing with the preamp on and off, and at 5 kHz and 2 kHz spacing with the preamp off. As always, no one parameter (such as close-in dynamic range) should be considered as the measure of a transceivers performance. Look at all performance parameters and obtain as much information as possible when making a purchase decision. Its especially important to keep in mind that variations of several dB are not significant and are to be expected between any two units of the same model number. CW Keying Sidebands The other new item this month is a plot of the transmitter CW keying sidebands measured on a spectrum analyzer (Figure 3) in addition to the traditional CW waveform measured on an oscilloscope (Figure 2). These plots show different aspects of a transmitters CW output, and together they can be used to evaluate CW keying quality. QST Product Reviews have regularly reported on SSB transmitter intermodulation distortion (IMD) products that can cause interference to nearby stations. Previously published as a spectrum analyzer plot, the level of the 3rd through 9th order IMD products are now listed in the transceiver data table. CW fans are also concerned about the cleanliness of their transmitted signal, especially with regard to splatter that interferes with operators on nearby frequencies. The ARRL Handbook recommends an ideal CW wave shape with rise and fall times of about 5 ms to minimize key clicks and keep the signal within a 150 Hz occupied bandwidth.4 While many rigs come close to this figure, some have much shorter transition times, often resulting in a clicky output. Waveforms with sharp edges (square corners or any rapid shape change) can also be a problem, even if the rise and fall times meet the theoretical ideal. The traditional oscilloscope plot (Figure 2) shows the

another great feature is the ability to slope the AGC response. Once the AGC comes into play, the additional slope provides just a little play in its AGC and can also reduce overall noise. For example, a weak signal next to a fairly strong one will be a bit harder copy at the normal AGC setting than with the sloped setting, even though the desired signal may not sound quite as loud. It can make the difference between copying a weak one or not, however.
CQ SS DE FTDX9000 CONTEST
I used the FTDX9000 Contest in the CW Sweepstakes on the first weekend of November, in single operator two radio (SO2R) configuration alongside my usual transceiver. The colorful front panel display effectively communicates what you need to know, and then some: Separate meters permit simultaneous monitoring of four parameters, including heat sink temperature. The knobs that see the heaviest use during a contest are big, are comfortable to use and operate very smoothly. The main tuning knob is huge but the AF and RF GAIN, bandWIDTH and SHIFT, and CLARifier/VFO B knobs are also generously proportioned and grouped conveniently at the lower right. There is a learning curve for any new equipment, and with a transceiver as complex as the 9000 it is advisable to spend a few hours becoming familiar with the controls and menu options. It is well worth taking the time to familiarize yourself with the receiver AGC, contour and DSP shape/slope settings. You can tailor the sound of the 9000 to suit your ears and to help you dig the weakest signals out of the noise. Dont overlook AGC SLOPE, menu #075, which gives you access to two options for the gain curve of the AGC amplifier. You may prefer the slope setting, which increases audio by 1 dB for each 10 dB increase in received signal strength, to the normal (flat) setting. A very nice feature is the Custom Switch (C.S), which allows instant access to the most-used menu selection. For example, lets say that you want to set your maximum output power to 50 or 100 W because thats all the drive your amplifier requires, but you want access to the full 200 W output when youre bypassing the amplifier. You can use the Custom Switch as a shortcut to TX MAX POWER (menu item #154). There is probably no greater test of receiver performance than 40 meters on a contest weekend. Hooked to a two element Yagi at 94 feet, the 9000 had no trouble coping with the many loud signals contending for band space. I never had to resort to the full 18 dB of front end attenuation that was available. The limiting factor over the CW Sweepstakes weekend was atmospheric noise, which was unusually high for November. In short, the FTDX9000 Contest is aptly named. It can take everything a contest can dish out. David Sumner, K1ZZ, ARRL Chief Executive Officer

Astounding Numbers

The numbers resulting from ARRL Laboratory testing do not suggest a basic model and are among the very best weve measured. In fact, in terms of two-tone, third-order IMD dynamic range, the Contest hit 101 dB on 14 MHz at 20 kHz spacing (outside of the maximum 15 kHz roofing filter setting). At the more critical 5 kHz spacing, the dynamic range only dropped by 3 dB, although the reading was noise-limited. In terms of third-order intercept (IP3), a popular benchmark that takes into account a receivers sensitivity and its dynamic range, the difference was more stark. On 14 MHz at 5 kHz spacing, preamp off, the Contest beat out its bigger brother +32 dBm to +20 dBm. With its -Tune feature enabled, the FTDX9000D barely topped the Contest on the same band and spacing by a mere 2 dBm.

Front Panel Overload

Perhaps befitting a radio of this stature, its front panel is extremely busy. While most of the controls tend to be of industrial proportions, I found some of the legends difficult to read without first front lighting the radio. Before I got acquainted with the extensive layout, I sometimes found myself peering closely and squinting or moving the desk lamp around to get a good look. Even then, with the radio at desk level, some of the controls and/or the panels topography tend to obscure the legends. This is particularly true of some lower-tier controls. Yaesu apparently tried to compensate by providing some top lighting for the controls on either side. While noteworthy, this doesnt quite succeed because (1) the light is amber and quite dim, and (2) the four sizeable knobs on the top right hand row totally block the amber light from reaching the lower-tier controls. The legends for the tightly spaced buttons, arrayed like parentheses around the CLAR/VFO B knob, are minuscule (secondary functions are orange) and difficult to decipher even in adequate auxiliary lighting. The close grouping also makes it simple to punch the wrong button, assuming you can see the button and, if necessary, determine if the dull-amber LED in some of them is lighted or not. Speaking of the CLAR/VFO B knob, I found it was very, very easy to nudge it inadvertently, either while pressing one of the adjacent buttons or when adjusting the VRF or
NOTCH controls immediately above it. Unlike FTDX9000 units with the TFT
display installed, the Contest presents the user with a row of buttons just below the LCD screen and the two smaller analog meters mentioned earlier. These little buttons double as band keys (with triple-stacking registers) and frequency entry keys. Because they serve dual functions, theyre labeled 1/1.8 through 0/28 plus./50, GENeral coverage and the ENTer buttons. The dual labels can be confusing. Oh! I meant to enter 7 but I hit the 4/7 key instead.

the transmitter all the while putting out a 100 W carrier (the manual does advise checking the frequency before firing up the ATU).
Miscellaneous Pluses and Minuses
Operating split is simple, and you can program a preset split, such as 2 kHz, and the TXW key lets you listen on your transmit frequency (no matter how you got into split mode). However, if you hit SPLIT and, say, youve been using the CLAR/VFO B knob for RIT/XIT, it clears that. Pressing SPLIT again doesnt return you to clarifier mode, however. You have to also press the A/B key next to the CLAR/VFO B knob. The August 2005 review praised the quiet fan, but our Contests cooling fan had a distinctive rattle. Yaesu offered that this was not typical and could have resulted from latent shipping damage. The tuning offset indicator, praised in the earlier review for making CW tuning easy, has additional functionality. You can set it to display the relative offset of the clarifier or the manual notch filter (the manual doesnt mention the latter) or the peak position of the VRF or -Tune filter. The first three work great; I couldnt get it to display the VRF peak, however. The FH-2 Remote Control Keypad is a

Automatic Antenna Tuner

The automatic antenna tuner (ATU) offers 100 memory points at least one for each band is set at the factory, and it works on receive as well as transmit (on HF and 6 meters), helping to keep strong out-of-band RF out of the passband. The Operation Manual says the unit can match impedances between 16.5 and 150 an SWR of 3:1 or less. It also allows that the impedance of certain antennas may not be within the impedance matching range of the ATU on all bands. The Contests ATU frequently can take a relatively long time to find a match 30 seconds or more in some cases,
mouse-like outboard accessory keypad (it comes standard with the radio) that plugs into the rear apron. It worked fine to program voice and CW memories. As heard in the monitor in VOX mode, the voice playback seems to skip, but it sounds fine over the air. You have to be very quick in ending a recording or it will leave a noticeable tail of noise. The audio limiter feature (AFL), which limits AF output, offers a wonderful way to conserve your hearing, especially during long periods of contesting. Programming the digital voice recorder requires activating PTT. Unless you have a push-to-talk mic (the Contest doesnt come with a mic), however, youll have to improvise (I used a straight key). Pressing MOX wont cut it. The P.BACK button lets you record and play back a segment of received audio, which is a cool feature. The manual says 30 seconds, but its more like 15. You apparently cannot play back the recorded audio over the air, however. The MOX and DIM buttons have no embedded LEDs to let you know theyre enabled. The VOX button does have one, however. The NAR button is a convenient feature that swaps in a preset narrow filter, but you cant then override that setting using the WIDTH control.

I noticed a few issues with the receiver audio. With the DSP NR enabled, over time the audio developed a crackling sound if I left the receiver controls alone. Adjusting the NR level or turning it off and on returned the audio to normal for a while. Also, I noticed some distortion on CW signals with the sloped AGC enabled. The manual suggests using this feature only when you need it. And finally, the detent-type controls such as NOTCH and VRF made crackling sounds in the audio when rotated. Programming memories which hold gobs of information was less than intuitive. Pressing the V/M button doesnt entirely take you out of memory mode either. You still must press the MCH/GRP key (and, if you want RIT/XIT, the appropriate buttons to enable that function too). The ACS (automatic character spacing) mode on CW is great, but it does take a bit of getting used to as it tries to adjust your character spacing while youre sending. The 164 page Operating Manual was disappointing, riven with typographical and even a few substantive errors. For example, it tells you to select OFF in the appropriate menu item to include a particular band in the My Bands feature. Its just the opposite, however. Also, for a radio in this category, the manual is fairly insubstantial.
Adjusting the bandwidth or IF shift affects both VFOs, no matter what mode theyre in (except AM). The Contest uses a male serial connector to interface with a PC for external control. USB would be a nice option as many PCs dont even have serial ports anymore.
So How Does It All Add Up?
In the Contest you have a performanceoriented transceiver that will appeal to a certain segment of the Amateur Radio community. The Contest is less cutting-edge innovation than solid application of proven technology in a mostly comfortable and classically styled radio package. Its a bit like a performance oriented highend vehicle: Its not for everyone and especially if youve gotten accustomed to having a display screen and other niceties. (But hey, if youre serious about a high performance sports car, you want one that goes, stops and turns and dont care about cup holders or a DVD entertainment system.) For those who value performance over baubles, the Contest with or without some of its custom options could be their next transceiver investment. Manufacturer: Vertex Standard, 10900 Walker St, Cypress, CA 90630; tel 714-8277600; www.vxstdusa.com. Price: $5700 (see text for discussion of options and prices).

Alinco DR-635T Dual-Band FM Transceiver
Reviewed by Dan Henderson, N1ND ARRL Contest Manager If you are looking to add or replace a dual-band (2 meter/70 cm) mobile or home radio, then you will want to take a look at the Alinco DR-635T. The 635T is a relatively compact transceiver that packs a maximum output of 50 W on 2 m and 35 W on 70 cm enough to provide an adequate signal to any repeater within your range. The DR-635T offers 200 memory channels, three transmitter power settings, a removable control head for remote mounting, expanded receive coverage, an alphanumeric display with a choice of colors, and tone access with continuous tone coded squelch system (CTCSS) and digital coded squelch (DCS).5 In addition to the standard features, you can add optional modules for 1200 and 9600 bps packet operation and for Alincos digital voice system.6
Figure 6 The DR-635T is a compact radio with a clear display and large push buttons that make it easy to use.

Initial Impressions

I found the 635T to be very straightforward to use in a home station. After taking the radio out of the box, I attached the substantial
Hallas, Getting to Know Your Radio VHF Squelch Modes, QST, Aug 2005, pp 46-47. dio, see www.arrl.org/tis/info/digivoice.html.
6For more information on digital voice in Amateur Ra-
microphone. Unlike many of the newer radios that have reduced-size microphones, the EMS-57 that came with the radio fills up the palm of your hand. After plugging in a dualband antenna and attaching the fused leads to the power supply, I was ready to go. The first thing that caught my attention was what happened to the display when I turned on the power. The front panel changed
from off, to a violet color, and then to blue. Control your emotions this is normal and highlights a feature of this radio. The 635T has three different color options for its displays amber, violet and blue. The defaults are blue in the receiving mode, amber in transmit and violet in standby. You can change these settings to suit your personal taste. After figuring out that the color change

Installation and Some Features
The 635T comes with a detachable front panel that can be flipped to allow the speaker to fire out the top or bottom useful during mobile operation with limited interior space. Using the EDS-9 separation kit (not reviewed), you can mount the main unit remotely, up to 16.5 feet away. After the initial smoke test to make sure everything was working properly, it was time to start exploring the DR-635Ts many options and features. I first spent some time with the manual to familiarize myself with the 12 buttons and dials on the front panel. Most buttons control more than one function. Some I had learned during the initial setup of the radio. Some would take a little more study. One important element that I look for when purchasing a radio is the quality and ease of use of the instruction manual. While I think the manual accompanying the DR-635T handles many elements well, it could use an alphabetical index to make specific operations easier to find. The manual covers both the USA (DR-635T) and European (DR-635E) versions and in most cases does a good job of differentiating between the two. Cross-band repeater operation is available only on the US version and is covered on an insert sheet. These instructions are sketchy, and I would have liked more

IF Rejection (dB)

Image Rejection (dB)

Img 60

Audio Output (W)

195 121

2M 70 cm

T-R 250

More Choices for Your Listening Pleasure
In addition to amateur FM operation, the 635T can receive a broad range of frequencies including the FM broadcast band, AM aircraft band and NOAA weather channels. So if you get bored listening to amateur chatter, you can tune in your favorite oldies station or the local weather. I was disappointed that the 635T does not include the
Key: * Noise limited at value shown
The Alinco DR-635T is a durable, attractive and easy to use mobile transceiver that offers flexible mounting options.
a good idea to review the rules and regulations regarding crossband repeaters and remote base operation in The ARRL FCC Rule Book or online at www.arrl.org/FandES/eld/ regulations/faq-aux.html.
Table 2 Alinco DR-635T, serial number M000586
Frequency coverage: Receive, 87.5-174,* 335480 MHz; transmit, 144-148, 430-450 MHz. Power requirements: Receive, 0.7 A (max audio); transmit, 11 A (high power). Modes of operation: FM, AM (receive only). Receiver AM sensitivity: Not specied. FM sensitivity, 12 dB SINAD: 0.2 V. FM two-tone, third-order IMD dynamic range: Not specied.
Receive and transmit, as specied. Receive, 0.7 A; transmit, 9.2 A. Tested at 13.8 V. As specied. Receiver Dynamic Testing For 10 dB S+N/N: 120 MHz, 1.9 V. For 12 dB SINAD: 144 MHz, 0.17 V; 430 MHz, 0.18 V. 20 kHz offset: 146 MHz, 63 dB; 440 MHz, 54 dB. 10 MHz offset: 146 MHz, 78 dB; 440 MHz, 68 dB. 76 dB. 20 kHz offset: 146 MHz, 63 dB; 440 MHz, 61 dB. First IF rejection, 146 MHz, 131 dB**; 440 MHz, >135 dB.** Image rejection, 146 MHz, 93 dB; 440 MHz, 111 dB. S9 indication: 146 MHz, 1.7 V; 440 MHz, 2.1 V. At threshold: 146 MHz and 440 MHz, 0.11 V. 2.6 W at 10% THD into 8. Transmitter Dynamic Testing 146 MHz, 48/18/4.2 W; 440 MHz, 33/19/5 W. VHF, 67 dB; UHF, 72 dB. Meets FCC requirements. S9 signal, 146 MHz, 195 ms; 440 MHz, 121 ms. 146 and 440 MHz, 157 ms.

FM two-tone, second-order IMD dynamic range: Not specied. FM adjacent-channel rejection: Not specied. Spurious and image rejection: 70 dB.
S-meter sensitivity: Not specied. Squelch sensitivity: 0.13 V. Audio output: 2 W at 10% THD into 8. Transmitter Power output (H/M/L): 144 MHz, 50/20/5 W; 430 MHz, 35/20/5 W. Spurious and harmonic suppression: 60 dB. Transmit-receive turnaround time (PTT release to 50% audio output): Not specied. Receive-transmit turnaround time (tx delay): Not specied.
several friends who know my voice for a critical evaluation of the transmit audio. Their response was positive, though one friend noted what seemed to be a little distortion when I spoke in low tones. Overall the audio quality seemed fine to my ear. The EMS-57 mic provides a comfortable alternative to using the front panel control buttons. On the top of the microphone are UP/DOWN buttons that duplicate the functions of the main dial on the front panel. The microphone includes a 16 button keypad for direct frequency entry and DTMF functions. Some of the buttons have secondary functions to change bands, access the call channel, change between VFO and memory mode and change power level. Overall I found the Alinco DR-635T to be durable, attractive and easy to use. Its compact size and detachable faceplate make it appealing to someone with limited space in the car for mounting the radio. It has features that appeal to the newcomer or the experienced operator looking to replace an older radio or add a new toy to the collection. Manufacturer: Distributed in the US by Ham Distribution Inc, 15 South Trade Center Pkwy #B5, Conroe, TX 77385; tel 936-2713366; www.alinco.com. Price: DR-635T, $369; EDS-9 separation kit, $45; EJ-47U digital voice module, $179; EJ-50U TNC module, $129.
W4RRY ELECTRONIC BATTERY BOOSTER AVAILABLE AGAIN
We have been informed by Leo Lehner, W4RRY, that his Battery Booster, reviewed in the October 2005 issue of QST, is again available. Leo has contracted with a manufacturing concern reportedly capable of meeting demand. Per Leo, the new price is $115 plus $5 for shipping. To order, send a check to Leo Lehner, 5811 E Crocus Dr, Scottsdale, AZ 85254.
Size (height, width, depth): main unit, 1.65.57.3 inches; weight, 2.2 pounds. Note: Unless otherwise noted, all dynamic range measurements are taken at the ARRL Lab standard spacing of 20 kHz.
*WFM only for 87.5-108 MHz and AM only for 108-136 MHz. **Measurement was noise-limited.
special NOAA weather alert feature that is incorporated into some other FM mobile/base transceivers. The 635T has a wide range of variable settings that allows the owner to set up the radio to best suit his or her needs. For example, you can install the radio so that it turns on and off with the ignition switch in your vehicle. Or you can enable the APO (automatic power off) mode to turn the radio off after 30 minutes of inactivity. If your radio is programmed to open the receiver only when a special tone is transmitted (a popular feature similar to a paging function), this transceiver can be set to sound an alert bell to beckon you to the radio. One special function worth noting is a unique anti-theft alarm that sounds a tone if an alarm cable is removed or cut.

With the addition of an optional digital unit (EJ-47U) it is possible to use the 635T for digital voice communication. APRS is also possible with this transceiver if the optional TNC (EJ-50U) unit and an external GPS unit are installed. The review transceiver did not include these options.
Once programmed with my favorite frequencies, the DR-635T was easy to use. It has all of the basic features I need for VHF/UHF FM operation. In response to a query to the ARRL Lab, I paid some special attention to the transmit and receive audio. On receive, it seemed a bit restricted at the low end of the bass range, but this did not distract from the readability of received stations. I also asked
The ARRL-purchased equipment listed below is for sale to the highest bidder. Prices quoted on the Web page are the minimum acceptable bids, and are discounted from the purchase prices. All equipment is sold without warranty except as noted. Details of equipment offered and bidding instructions can be found on the ARRL members Web page at www.arrl.org/prauction. The following items are available for bid in the March auction: Kuranishi BR-210 SWR analyzer. Hy-Gain HAM-V antenna rotator and DCU-1 digital controller. MFJ860 wattmeter. Vectronics LP-30 low-pass filter. Icom ID-800 digital VHF/UHF mobile FM transceiver. Yaesu VX-6R multiband handheld transceiver.

SHORT TAKES

OSCAR 52 and the International Space Station reception. Since I was also occasionally transmitting on the same antenna, I needed a preamp that could automatically switch itself out of the circuit. The ARR model SP144VDA seemed well suited for the job. This 2 meter preamplifier is RF switched, which means that it automatically bypasses itself whenever it senses RF above a certain threshold. You simply supply the necessary power and the SP144VDA does the rest. The SP144VDA handles up to 25 W, which was fine for my purposes. In terms of gain, the SP144VDA delivers 15 dB with its dualgate MOSFET design. Unfortunately, gain isnt everything when it comes to boosting receive signals. The real trick is to increase gain without adding excessive extraneous noise. There will always be noise to one degree or another, but less is definitely better. The SP144VDA specifies a noise figure of 1.1 dB. Our ARRL Lab tests determined that the preamp we purchased met its gain spec at an even better noise figure of 0.85 dB.

When most hams think of RF loss in transmission lines, their obsession is focused on loss of output power. Its galling to realize that even a single milliwatt of precious RF is lost on the way to the antenna, much less 10s of watts or more. What many hams dont understand, however, is that this loss problem also works in reverse. RF is RF is RF, regardless of whether it comes from your transceiver or is snagged from the space-time continuum by your antenna. In other words, not only do you lose transmitted power in your cables, you lose received signal energy as well. The loss problem is particularly acute when you venture into the VHF, UHF and microwave bands. Depending on the frequency, matching conditions and the length and quality of your coax, losses can be horrendous. Until the day arrives when scientists develop room-temperature superconducting transmission lines, these losses will continue to vex us. On the transmit side, you can compensate for loss to a certain extent by boosting your output. To minimize received signal loss, you need a receive preamplifier.
Introducing the SP144VDA Advanced Receiver Research (ARR) is well-known in the weak signal VHF/UHF community. The company has a reputation for producing high-quality commercial and amateur products. For my particular application, I needed something to give 2 meter satellite signals a kick. I was using an omnidirectional antenna for VuSAT-
Interior view of the SP144VDA.
Installation and Use The SP144VDA is quite small at only 2 inches with a total weight of 5 ounces. The rugged black enclosure offers BNC RF ports, a ground terminal and a feedthrough capacitor tap for the hot side of the dc power source (10 to 16 V). A tiny toggle switch controls the ON/OFF state and a red LED serves as the indicator. Note that the SP144VDA is not designed for outdoor use (ARR offers weatherproof mast-mounted preamps for that purpose). I have a short coax run to the 2 meter antenna, so there was no need to have the preamp on the mast. For longer transmission lines, however, mast mounting is the preferred choice. You want to raise the received signal level before the coaxial cable converts most of it to heat, not after. My SP144VDA fit nicely under my operating desk, out of sight and out of mind. Performance was outstanding. VO-52 signals that were almost inaudible with my omni antenna popped right out of the noise to crystal clarity. Best of all, the increase in signal level didnt come with a noticeable increase in noise it was just pure, clean amplification. This was in stark contrast to the preamp built into my transceiver. Yes, it boosted the signal levels, but it also added a noticeable amount of noise. Not so with the SP144VDA. Whenever I transmitted, I could hear a muffled click as the SP144VDAs relay switched the preamp out of the circuit. There is about a 12 second delay before the relay returns the SP144VDA to the circuit after you stop transmitting. For voice communication, this isnt an issue, but it might present problems for data exchanges or high-speed CW. Although the preamp is rated for 25 W of RF, I accidentally blasted it with about 60 W with no ill effects. This isnt something Id recommend doing on a regular basis, though! The SP144VDA is a worthy addition to any terrestrial or satellite station. The quality is obvious in its construction and performance. The price is right on target, too. Manufacturer: Advanced Receiver Research, Box 1242, Burlington CT 06013; tel 860-485-0310; fax 860-485-0311; e-mail info@advancedreceiver.com; www.advancedreceiver.com/ index1.html. $77.95