ENGLISH Contents

Main Features....1 Precautions Taking Care of Your PortaTone..1 Setting Up....2 Getting Started Playing the Demo Songs..3 The Panel Display...3 Selecting and Playing Voices The Voice Mode..4 Selecting and Playing Styles The Style Mode.5 About the METRONOME Icon..6 About Multi Fingering....8 One Touch Setting in the Style Mode...9 Selecting and Playing Songs The Song Mode..9 Minus One....10 One Touch Setting in the Song Mode...10 Troubleshooting....10 Song Scores...11 Specifications....21

DEUTSCH Inhalt

Hauptmerkmale....1 Vorsichtsmanahmen Behandlung Ihres PortaTone..1 Vorbereitung des Instruments..2 Fangen wir an Spielen der Demo-Songs...3 Anzeigefeld....3 Einstellen und Spielen von Klangfarben Voice-Modus..4 Whlen und Spielen von Styles Style-Modus..5 Hinweise zum METRONOME-Icon...6 Hinweise zur Multi-Fingering-Begleitautomatik..8 One Touch Setting im Style-Modus...9 Whlen und Spielen von Songs Song-Modus..9 Minus One....10 One Touch Setting im Song-Modus..10 Fehlersuche....10 Demonstrationsstcke...11 Technische Daten...21
FRANAIS Table des matires
Particularits principales....1 Prcautions Entretien de votre PortaTone..1 Prparatifs....2 Mise en marche Les morceaux de dmonstration..3 Panneau d'affichage...3 Slection et excution des sonorits Le mode Voice..4 Slection et excution des styles Le mode Style.5 Quelques mots sur l'icne METRONOME..6 A propos du Multi-fingering (mode plusieurs doigts)..8 Rglage par touche unique en mode Style..9 Slection et excution des morceaux Le mode Song..9 Fonction Minus One...10 Rglage par touche unique en mode Song..10 Guide de dpannage....10 Partition des oeuvres...11 Caractristiques techniques...21

ESPAOL ndice

Caractersticas principales...1 Precauciones Cuidado del PortaTone...1 Preparativos....2 Para empezar Reproduccin de canciones de demostracin.3 Pantalla....3 Seleccin y reproduccin de voces Modalidad VOICE.4 Seleccin y reproduccin de estilos Modalidad STYLE..5 Indicaciones del icono del metrnomo...6 Digitacin mltiple...8 Ajuste de un toque en modalidad STYLE..9 Seleccin y reproduccin de canciones Modalidad SONG.9 Funcin Menos Uno...10 Ajuste de un toque en la modalidad SONG...10 Diagnstico de problemas...10 Partituras de canciones....11 Especificaciones...21
Congratulations on your purchase of the Yamaha PortaTone!
You now own a portable keyboard that combines advanced functions, great sound and exceptional ease-of-use in a highly compact package. Its outstanding features also make it an remarkably expressive and versatile instrument. Read this Owners Manual carefully while playing your new PortaTone in order to take full advantage of its various features.

Main Features

The PortaTone is a sophisticated yet easy-to-use keyboard with the following features and functions:
Exceptionally realistic sounds with 100 AWM (Advanced Wave Memory) Voices, utilizing digital recordings of actual instruments. 100 dynamic auto accompaniment Styles, each with different Intro, Main A and B, four Fill-ins, and Ending sections. Each of the 100 Styles also has its own Jam Track section, featuring specially programmed chord progressions and accompaniment that matches the selected musical Style. Large custom LCD gives you easy, at-a-glance confirmation of all important settings. Convenient control over accompaniment Styles including Tempo, independent Accompaniment Volume, and even accompaniment size (LARGE/SMALL control). 20 Songs, for listening enjoyment or for playing along with when using the Minus One function. One Touch Setting, for automatically calling up an appropriate Voice for playing with the Style or Song you select. High-quality amplifier/speaker system (stereo for the PSR-190).

Precautions

Location
Taking Care of Your PortaTone
Your new PortaTone is a fine musical instrument and should be treated as such. Handle it with care and common sense, and it will give you years of enjoyment.
When Not Using the PortaTone
After use, always turn off the POWER switch. When not using your PortaTone for long periods, be sure to remove the batteries to avoid damage through battery leakage. When using the PortaTone with an AC adaptor, unplug the adaptor from the electrical outlet, if the instrument is not to be used for a long period of time, or during electrical storms.
Avoid exposure to direct sunlight or other sources of heat. Never leave it inside a car where it can get very hot. Also avoid highly humid or dusty places.
Interference From Electromagnetic Fields
Do not use your PortaTone close to television sets, radios or similar equipment since this may cause interference noise in the other appliance.

Cleaning

Clean the exterior with a soft, dry cloth. To remove stubborn stains, use a slightly moistened cloth. Never use alcohol, thinner, or other chemical solvents, since they will damage the finish. Also, do not leave vinyl chloride material on the PortaTone for a long time, since it may adhere to the exterior.
Yamaha is not responsible for damage caused by improper usage.

Handling

Protect your PortaTone from strong impact. Be careful not to drop it or place heavy objects on it. Avoid applying excessive force to the controls and keys.

Setting Up

This section contains information about setting up your PortaTone for playing. Make sure to read this section carefully before using the instrument.

Power Requirements

Your PortaTone can run either on batteries (sold separately) or on normal household current by using the optional Yamaha PA-3/3B Power Adaptor (or another adaptor specifically recommended by Yamaha).
When the Batteries Run Down
When the batteries run low and the battery voltage drops below a certain level, the PortaTone may not sound or function properly or may be reset to the default status. As soon as this happens, replace them with a complete set of six new batteries. Never mix old and new batteries or different types of batteries (e.g., alkaline and manganese).
To prevent possible damage from battery leakage, remove the batteries from the instrument if it is not to be used for an extended period of time.
Using an AC Power Adaptor
To connect your PortaTone to a wall socket, you will need the optionally available Yamaha PA-3/3B Power Adaptor. Use of other AC adaptors could result in damage to the instrument, so be sure to ask for the right kind. Plug the adaptor into a convenient wall outlet and its connector into the DC IN 10-12V jack on the back of your PortaTone.

DC IN 10-12V

Accessory Jack

Using Headphones

For private practicing and playing without disturbing others, connect a set of stereo headphones to the rear panel PHONES /AUX OUT jack. Sound from the built-in speaker system is automatically cut off when you insert a headphone plug into this jack.

PHONES / AUX OUT

Using Batteries

Inserting Batteries

Turn the instrument upside-down and remove the battery compartment lid. Insert six 1.5-volt size D batteries as shown in the illustration, making sure that the positive and negative terminals are properly aligned, and replace the lid.
Connecting a Keyboard Amplifier or Stereo System
Though the PortaTone is equipped with a built-in speaker system, you can also play it through an external amplifier/speaker system. First, make sure the PortaTone and any external devices are turned off, then connect one end of a stereo audio cable to the LINE IN or AUX IN jack(s) of the other device and the other end to the rear panel PHONES/AUX OUT jack on the PortaTone.

Music Stand

Insert the bottom edge of the included music stand into the slot located at the top rear of the PortaTone control panel.

Playing the Demo Songs

The PortaTone has a variety of Demo Songs, specially recorded to showcase the dynamic sounds and rhythms and give you an idea of what you can do with the instrument.

Getting Started

1. First, turn on the power.
Press the POWER ON/OFF button. Whenever the power is turned on, the Voice mode is automatically called up and set to play Voice 01 (PIANO).
3. Press the DEMO button.
The Demo Songs will play from the Song number 01 in sequence. You can play along on the keyboard with the Songs. (Scores for the Demo Songs are provided on pages 11~20) To stop playback, press the DEMO button again or press the START/STOP button.
The Style section and the accompaniment LARGE/SMALL will change according to the Style data while the Demo Song plays.

2. Set the Volume.

Initially, turn the VOLUME control about a third of the way up. You can adjust the control for optimum level once you start playing.

The Panel Display

The PortaTone features a large multi-function display that shows all important settings for the instrument. The section below briefly explains the various icons and indications in the display.

MODE SECTION NAME NUMBER

STYLE VOICE SONG
TEMPO LARGE /SMALL MINUS ONE

SETTING SECTION

ACCOMP VOL

STYLE SECTION

MAIN A

MAIN B

ENDING

JAM TRACK

MODE SECTION
This section indicates which mode is selected Voice, Style, or Song and shows the name and number of the selected Voice/Style/Song. To select the desired mode, press the corresponding button: VOICE, STYLE, or SONG.
To turn the Large/Small, Minus One, and One Touch Setting functions on/off, press the corresponding button: LARGE/SMALL , MINUS ONE, or OTS. To control Tempo and Accompaniment Volume, use the TEMPO and ACCOMP VOL controls, respectively.
This indicates playback of the Styles, or the rhythm/accompaniment patterns. Each Style has different sections Intro, Main A and B, 4 Fill-ins, Ending, and Jam Track each of which is indicated in the display as it plays. These can be played by pressing the appropriate button during accompaniment playback. (See page 6, 7)
This section indicates important settings related to the Style and/or Song modes. These include LARGE/SMALL (page 7), MINUS ONE (page 10), OTS (One Touch Setting; page 9, 10), TEMPO (page 6), and Accompaniment Volume (page 7).
Selecting and Playing Voices

The Voice Mode

The Voice mode features 100 authentic Voices. Many of these Voices have special preset characteristics or embellishments. The Voices are divided into various categories depending on their characteristics or the effects used. Harmony Voices (#45 - #58) automatically add a one-, two- or three-note harmony to the original monophonic Voice. Split Voices (#69 - #79) feature two Voices, each playable from separate sections of the keyboard the lower Voice playable up to B2 and the upper Voice from C3 (middle C). Echo Voices (#80 - #94) provide an echo effect that adds delayed repeats to the original Voice. Finally, Sustain Voices (#95 - #99) extend the sound by adding a natural, slow release. Also included are special Percussion Voices #94 (with Echo) and #00 that let you play various drum and percussion sounds from the keyboard. (Refer to the Percussion Voice chart on page 5) Symbols are also printed above the keyboard, conveniently indicating which sounds are played from which keys.
About the Harmony Voices Since Harmony Voices are designed to automatically play two or more notes with the notes you play on the keyboard, only one note can be played on the keyboard at a time. If several notes are played together, only the last note or highest note played will be heard. The type of harmony used depends on the particular Voice that is selected. When an Auto Accompaniment Style or Song is not playing, the basic key for the harmony is always C. When an Auto Accompaniment Style is playing (or when the Stopped Accompaniment function is active), the harmony changes according to the chord played in the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION of the keyboard, or according to the chord changes in the Intro, Ending, and Jam Track sections. In the Song mode, the harmony changes according to the chord progression of the Song.

2. Select the desired Voice number.
Use the numeric keypad. Available Voices are listed on the upper right of the panel. You can either enter the Voice number directly with the number keys, or step up and down through the Voices by using the +/- keys.

Using the number keys

Be sure to enter a two-digit number, as is printed next to each Voice name on the panel. For example, to select Voice 09, first press 0 on the numeric keypad, then 9.

Using the +/- keys

Press the + key to select the next Voice, and press the key to select the previous Voice. Holding down either key continuously scrolls up or down through the numbers. The +/- keys have a wrap around feature. For example, pressing the + key from the last number returns to Voice 01.
To reset the selected voice to it's default (Voice 01), Simultaneously press the +/- keys. Each Voice is automatically called up with the most suitable octave range setting. Thus, playing middle C with one Voice may sound higher or lower than another Voice at the same key.
Selecting and Playing a Voice
3. Play the selected Voice.
To change to another Voice, repeat step 2 above. You can also play rhythm Styles in the Voice mode by simply pressing the START/STOP button. The Style last selected from the Style mode will be played.
The PortaTone is polyphonic up to a maximum of 12 notes. (Depending on the Voice selected, fewer notes may be available.) This includes not only the Voices played from the keyboard, but also the notes in a Style pattern, and so on. Thus, if you play too many notes at one time, some may not sound and/or others may be cancelled.
1. Select the Voice mode.

Press the VOICE button.

VOICE button VOICE icon in display

Percussion Voice Chart

(Voices 94 and 00)
Sn ar e D R im rum Sh 1 ot H i-h a H t Pe i-h da a l H tC i-h lo at se O pe C n ra sh Sy Cy m nt b h R al im C Sh ra sh ot Sy C nt ym ba h Sy Hi l nt -ha Mu h t H tC e i-h lo at se O pe n
Selecting and Playing Styles

The Style Mode

The Style mode provides dynamic rhythm/accompaniment patterns as well as Voice settings appropriate for each pattern for various popular music styles, as listed on the panel. A total of 100 different Styles are available, in fifteen different categories. Each Style is made up of different sections Intro, Main A and B, 4 Fill-ins, Ending, and Jam Track letting you call up different accompaniment patterns as you perform. Each Styles Jam Track section features specially programmed chord progressions and accompaniment that are ideal for the selected musical Style. If youre a novice and not familiar with playing chords, the convenient Jam Track section automatically plays stylistically appropriate chord changes for you to jam over. The Auto Accompaniment features that are built into the rhythms add the excitement of instrumental backing to your performance, letting you control the accompaniment by the chords you play. Auto Accompaniment effectively splits the keyboard into two sections: The upper is used for playing a melody line, and the lower (labeled AUTO ACCOMP SECTION) is for the Auto Accompaniment function.

B as s B Dr as u Sn s D m 1 ar ru Sn e D m 2 ar ru e m D 2 To rum m 3 To Bas m s To Low m Sp To M Sy las m id n h Hi Sy th Cy gh nt Ba mb h ss a Sy Sn Dr l nt are um h Sy To Dru nt m m h Sy To Bas nt m s Sp Syn h T Lo la th om w sh T M C om id ym H ba ig lM h ut e

PSR-78 PSR-190

Selecting and Playing a Style
1. Select the Style mode.

Press the STYLE button.

STYLE button STYLE icon in display
2. Select the desired Style number.
Use the numeric keypad. Available Styles are listed on the upper left of the panel.
You can either enter the Style number (two digits) directly with the number keys, or step up and down through the Styles by using the +/- keys. 5
3. Start the selected Style.
You can do this in one of three ways:

4. Change chords using

the Auto Accompaniment feature.
Pressing the START/STOP button
The rhythm starts playing immediately without bass and chord accompaniment. The currently selected Main A or B section will play. (You can select either pattern by pressing the appropriate button MAIN/AUTO FILL A or B before pressing the START/STOP button.)
Try playing a few successive single notes with your left hand, and notice how the bass and chord accompaniment change with each key you play. (Refer to the boxed sections on pages 8 for more information on how to use Auto Accompaniment.)
Chords played in the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION of the keyboard are also detected and played when the accompaniment is stopped. In this condition (Stopped Accompaniment function), the Voices used for the bass and chords are automatically selected.
5. Change the tempo of the Style, if you

Using Synchro Start

The PortaTone also has a Synchro Start function that allows you to start the rhythm/accompaniment by simply pressing a key on the keyboard. To use Synchro Start, first press the SYNC-START button (the metronome icon flashes to indicate Synchro Start stand-by), then press one of the keys in the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION of the keyboard.
Use the TEMPO buttons to change the tempo of the Style.
Synchro Start is automatically set to stand-by when you select the Style mode.
Press TEMPO a to increase the speed and TEMPO z to decrease it; holding down the appropriate button continuously increases/decreases the speed. The tempo value appears in the display. Tempo range is from 40 to 240 bpm (in 1 bpm steps). To reset the tempo to its original default setting, press both TEMPO buttons simultaneously.

Default Tempos Each Song and Style has been given a default or standard tempo. If you change the tempo, you can set it back to the original default setting, by pressing both TEMPO buttons simultaneously. Also, the tempo of a Song or Style returns to the default setting when selecting a different Song or Style. If the style is playing and the One Touch Setting function is off (see page 9), the tempo remains even if you select a different style. When you turn on the power of the PortaTone, the tempo is automatically set to the default setting of Style 01.
Using Synchro Start with an Intro pattern
First, press one of the section buttons MAIN/AUTO FILL A, B, or JAM to select which pattern follows the Intro. Next, press the INTRO button, followed by the SYNC-START button. (The INTRO indication in the display lights, and the metronome icon and the MAIN A /B/JAM indication flashes to indicate Synchro Start stand-by.) To actually start the Intro pattern and accompaniment, play one of the keys in the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION of the keyboard.

About the METRONOME Icon

The METRONOME icon in the display flashes in time with the current tempo during playback of a Style (or Song). The flashing pattern provides a visual indication of both the tempo and time signature of the Style or Song.

3/4 Time

1 4/4 Time

Synchro Start waiting

6. Change the Style section (Main A ,
Main B, or Jam Track), if you wish. Main A and Main B
While the Style is playing, you can add variation in the rhythm/accompaniment by pressing the MAIN/AUTO FILL A or B button. This automatically plays one of four Fill-in patterns, and smoothly leads into the next section even if it is the same section.
7. Set the Accompaniment Volume, if you wish.
You may want to adjust the accompaniment volume, separate from the overall instrument volume. To do this, use the ACCOMP VOL buttons.

LARGE /SMALL

MINUS ONE
MAIN/AUTO FILL A and B buttons

A indication in display

Press ACCOMP VOL a to increase the volume and ACCOMP VOLz to decrease it; holding down the appropriate button continuously increases/decreases the volume. The level is shown in the display.
The A or B indication appears in the display, flashing before playback of the pattern and staying lit during playback.

Jam Track

The Jam Track is a special accompaniment pattern that includes automatic and chord progressions that match the selected Style. Press the JAM TRACK button during playback, and the accompaniment will continue, changing chords according to the programmed progression, letting you jam or play along with the changes. The Jam Track accompaniment pattern depends on the Main A or Main B section that has been selected just before pressing the Jam Track button.
To reset the accompaniment volume to its original default setting, press both ACCOMP VOL buttons simultaneously.
The ACCOMP VOL buttons can not be used during song playback or when the SONG mode is selected.
8.Change the accompaniment ensemble
size (LARGE/SMALL), if you wish.
Press the LARGE/SMALL button.

JAM TRACK button

JAM indicator in display LARGE/SMALL button LARGE icon SMALL icon
The JAM indicaton appears in the display, flashing before playback of the pattern and staying lit during playback.
Since the Jam Track progression is based on the last chord played, you may want to play the root chord before pressing JAM TRACK. (For example, if you are playing a song in the key of E, play an E chord before pressing JAM TRACK.)
This switches between large ensemble and small ensemble accompaniment, allowing you change the instrumental texture and dynamics of the Auto Accompaniment as you play. (The icon shows four people when set to LARGE, and one person when set to SMALL.)
If you press the MAIN A or B button, the Fill-in will begin immediately, and the new section will actually begin playing from the top of the next measure, unless the MAIN A or B button is pressed during the last beat of the measure in which case the Fill-in will begin from the first beat of the next measure. The section buttons can not be used during song playback or when the SONG mode is selected.

9. Stop the Style.

You can do this in one of two ways:
The rhythm/accompaniment stops playing immediately.

Using an Ending pattern

Press the ENDING button (the ENDING indication in the display flashes). An ending pattern plays from the next measure, then playback stops. 7

About Multi Fingering

The Auto Accompaniment function automatically generates bass and chord accompaniment for you to play along with, by using Multi Fingering operation. You can change the chords of the accompaniment by playing keys in the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION of the keyboard using either the Single Finger or Fingered method. With Single Finger you can simply play a one-, two- or three-finger chord indication (see Single Finger Chords below). The Fingered technique is that of conventionally playing all the notes of the chord. Whichever method you use, the PortaTone understands what chord you indicate and then automatically generates the accompaniment. Though detection of the Single Finger and Fingered methods is automatic with Multi Fingering, you can set Auto Accompaniment to function exclusively in either the Single Finger or Fingered mode.
To set Auto Accompaniment to Single Finger:
Turn the power off, then hold down the - key on the numeric keypad and simultaneously turn the power on. (SINGLE briefly appears in the display.)
To set Auto Accompaniment to Fingered:
Follow the same steps as above, holding down the + key instead. (FINGERED briefly appears in the display.) To switch back to Multi Fingering operation, simply turn the power off and on again.

Single Finger Chords

Chords that can be produced in Single Finger operation are major, minor, seventh and minor seventh. The illustration below shows how to produce the four chord types. (The key of C is used here as an example; other keys follow the same rules. For example, Bb7 is played as Bb and A.)

Major chord:

Seventh chord:

Minor chord:

Minor seventh chord:
Press the root note of the chord.
Press the root note together with any white key to the left of it.
Press the root note together with any black key to the left of it.
Press the root note together with any white and black key to the left of it (three keys altogether).
In Single Finger, the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION is set between the C1 key (the lowest key) and the C#2 key.

Fingered Chords

Using the key of C as an example, the chart below shows the types of chords that can be recognized in the Fingered mode. Fingered Chords in the Key of C Notes enclosed in parentheses are optional; the chords will be recognized without them.
C C7sus4 Cm Caug(7aug) C7 Cdim(dim7) Cm7

C1+2+5

If the chord is inverted (i.e., C-E-G is played as G-C-E), the PortaTone will still recognize it as a C chord. Minor 6th chords are recognized only in root position, however; all other inversions are interpreted as minor 7th/flatted 5th. If augmented and diminished 7th chords are inverted, the lowest note will be recognized as the root. 7th flatted 5th chords may be played with the lowest note as the root or the 7th.

1+2+5 chords are recognized only in root position; all other inversions are interpreted as suspended 4th. 7th Augmented and diminished 7th chords are interpreted as simple augmented and diminished. Chord Cancel function When the auto accompaniment is set to Fingered, The PortaTone also has a Chord Cancel function to stop the chord accompaniment but allow the rhythm pattern to continue playing. To use Chord Cancel, simultaneously press any three consecutive notes in the AUTO ACCOMP SECTION; for example, C, C# and D.
One Touch Setting in the Style Mode
The One Touch Setting function automatically selects an appropriate Voice, Tempo, Accompaniment volume and Large/Small for playing with the Style you select. In other words, when One Touch Setting is on, the Voice, Tempo and Accompaniment Volume automatically changes when you change the Style. To turn on the One Touch Setting function, press the ONE TOUCH SETTING button. (The OTS icon appears in the display.) To turn the function off, press the button again.
ONE TOUCH SETTING button OTS icon in display
Selecting and Playing Songs

The Song Mode

The Song mode features special Songs that have been created using the rich and dynamic sounds of the PortaTone. The Songs are generally for your listening enjoyment; however, you can also play along with them on the keyboard. Also, by using the Minus One function, you can mute the original melody and play it manually on the keyboard yourself.
3. Start the selected Song.
Press the START/STOP button.
Selecting and Playing a Song

1. Select the Song mode.

Press the SONG button.
You can play along with the Song using the currently selected Voice, or even select a different Voice for playing along. Simply call up the Voice mode while the Song is playing back and select the desired Voice. Changing Voices in this manner overrides the Voice changes that have been programmed into the Song.
SONG button SONG icon in display
4. If you want to change to another
Song, repeat step 2 above.
2. Select the desired Song number.
Use the numeric keypad. Available Songs are listed on the upper right of the panel.

numeric keypad

You can either enter the Song number (two digits) directly with the number keys, or step up and down through the Songs by using the +/- keys.

5. Stop the Song.

Press the START/STOP button. If playback was started by pressing the START/STOP button, the selected Song stops automatically at the end.
If Minus One is on, the selected Song repeats playback indefinitiely. Also, if you start Song playback with the DEMO button, all Songs play back repeatedly in succession from the song number 01, indefinitely.
One Touch Setting in the Song Mode
The One Touch Setting function works with the Minus One function and automatically selects an appropriate Voice for playing the melody along with the Song you select. To turn on the One Touch Setting function, press the ONE TOUCH SETTING button. (The OTS icon appears in the display.)

Minus One

Minus One, as its name implies, takes away the melody part of the Song, allowing you to play that part yourself. You can turn Minus One on before starting a Song, or do it even while a Song is playing. To help you play the missing melody, scores for all Songs have been provided; see pages 11. To use the Minus One function with the selected Song, press the MINUS ONE button. (The Minus One icon appears in the display.)

ONE TOUCH SETTING button

OTS icon in display
To turn the function off, press the button again.
Keep in mind that even with the One Touch Setting function on, there are some Songs which change the selected Voice in the middle of the Song.

MINUS ONE button

MINUS ONE icon in display

Troubleshooting

Problem
When the PortaTone is turned on or off, a buzzing sound is temporarily produced. The sound of the Voices or rhythms seems unusual or strange. The PSR-190/78 is suddently reset to the default status. Not all notes are heard when playing a number of notes simultaneously. The sound of the Voice changes from note to note.
Possible Cause and Solution
This is normal and indicates that the PortaTone is receiving electrical power.
The battery power is too low. Replace the batteries. (See page 2)
Too many keys are pressed at the same time. The PortaTone is polyphonic up to a maximum of 12 notes. (See the note on page 4) The AWM tone generation method uses multiple recordings (samples) of an instrument across the range of the keyboard; thus, the actual sound of the Voice may be slightly different from note to note. Check that nothing is connected to the PHONES/AUX OUT jack on the rear panel. When a set of headphones is plugged into this jack, no sound is output.
There is no sound even when the keyboard is played or when a Song is being played back.
Specifications / Technische Daten Caractristiques techniques / Especificaciones

PSR-190

Keyboard Number of Keys Key Size Register Tone Generation Number of Voices Maximum Polyphony Dual Split Sustain Harmony/Echo Number of Styles Auto Accompaniment Chord Detection Sections Jam Track Number of Songs Minus One 61 Regular C1 - C5 AWM notes Included in Voice Included in Voice Included in Voice Included in Voice 100 Yes Multi Fingering (Single Finger, Fingered) Intro, Main A, Main B, Fill-in x 4, Ending Yes (1 per Style) 20 Yes Yes POWER, VOLUME, DEMO, TEMPO, ACCOMP VOL, SYNC-START, START/STOP,INTRO, MAIN/AUTO FILL A and B, ENDING, JAM TRACK, LARGE/SMALL (MINUS ONE), ONE TOUCH SETTING, STYLE, VOICE, SONG, Numeric Keypad DC IN 10-12V jack, PHONES/AUX OUT jack, Music Stand Stereo; 3.2 W + 3.2 W (with PA-3B adaptor); Mono; 5.5 W (with PA-3B adaptor); 4.5 W + 4.5 W (with batteries) 3.8 W (with batteries) 77 5% impedance 50 5% impedance 10 cm x W (with PA-3B adaptor) 7 W (with PA-3B adaptor) DC 10-12 V: 6 D size/R-20/SUM-1 (1.5 V) batteries, or PA-3/3B Power Adaptor 116 mm 107 mm 36-5/8" 14" 4-1/2" 37-3/8" 12-3/8" 4-1/4" 4.4 kg (9.7 lbs.) 3.8 kg (8.4 lbs.) Polystyrene Music Stand, Owners Manual Headphones (HPE-3 or HPE-150); AC Power Adaptor (PA-3 or PA-3B), Keyboard Stand (L-2L or L-2C) C1 - C6

PSR-78

Effect
Song One Touch Setting Controls
Other Terminals & Fittings Amplifier PHONES/AUX OUT Output Speakers Power Consumption Rated Power Supply Dimensions (W x D x H) Weight Casing Supplied Accessories Optional Accessories
Specifications are subject to change without notice. nderung der Technischen Daten ohne vorherige Ankndigung vorbehalten. Les caractristiques et la prsentation peuvent tre modifies sans avis pralable. Especificaciones sujetas a cambios sin aviso previo.
The serial number of this product may be found on the bottom of the unit. You should note this serial number in the space provided below and retain this manual as a permanent record of your purchase to aid identification in the event of theft.

Model No. PSR Serial No.

Entsorgung leerer Batterien
(nur innerhalb Deutschlands) Leisten Sie einen Beitrag zum Umweltschutz. Verbrauchte Batterien oder Akkumulatoren drfen nicht in den Hausmll. Sie knnen bei einer Sammelstelle fr Altbatterien bzw. Sondermll abgegeben werden. Informieren Sie sich bei lhrer Kommune.

DIGITAL KEYBOARD

Owners Manual

SPECIAL MESSAGE SECTION

This product utilizes batteries or an external power supply (adapter). DO NOT connect this product to any power supply or adapter other than one described in the manual, on the name plate, or specically recommended by Yamaha. WARNING: Do not place this product in a position where anyone could walk on, trip over, or roll anything over power or connecting cords of any kind. The use of an extension cord is not recommended! If you must use an extension cord, the minimum wire size for a 25 cord (or less) is 18 AWG. NOTE: The smaller the AWG number, the larger the current handling capacity. For longer extension cords, consult a local electrician. This product should be used only with the components supplied or; a cart, rack, or stand that is recommended by Yamaha. If a cart, etc., is used, please observe all safety markings and instructions that accompany the accessory product. Battery Notice: This product MAY contain a small non-rechargeable battery which (if applicable) is soldered in place. The average life span of this type of battery is approximately ve years. When replacement becomes necessary, contact a qualied service representative to perform the replacement. This product may also use household type batteries. Some of these may be rechargeable. Make sure that the battery being charged is a rechargeable type and that the charger is intended for the battery being charged. When installing batteries, do not mix batteries with new, or with batteries of a different type. Batteries MUST be installed correctly. Mismatches or incorrect installation may result in overheating and battery case rupture. Warning: Do not attempt to disassemble, or incinerate any battery. Keep all batteries away from children. Dispose of used batteries promptly and as regulated by the laws in your area. Note: Check with any retailer of household type batteries in your area for battery disposal information. Disposal Notice: Should this product become damaged beyond repair, or for some reason its useful life is considered to be at an end, please observe all local, state, and federal regulations that relate to the disposal of products that contain lead, batteries, plastics, etc. If your dealer is unable to assist you, please contact Yamaha directly.
SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE:
The information contained in this manual is believed to be correct at the time of printing. However, Yamaha reserves the right to change or modify any of the specications without notice or obligation to update existing units. This product, either alone or in combination with an amplier and headphones or speaker/s, may be capable of producing sound levels that could cause permanent hearing loss. DO NOT operate for long periods of time at a high volume level or at a level that is uncomfortable. If you experience any hearing loss or ringing in the ears, you should consult an audiologist. IMPORTANT: The louder the sound, the shorter the time period before damage occurs. Some Yamaha products may have benches and / or accessory mounting xtures that are either supplied with the product or as optional accessories. Some of these items are designed to be dealer assembled or installed. Please make sure that benches are stable and any optional xtures (where applicable) are well secured BEFORE using. Benches supplied by Yamaha are designed for seating only. No other uses are recommended.

NAME PLATE LOCATION:

The name plate is located on the bottom of the product. The model number, serial number, power requirements, etc., are located on this plate. You should record the model number, serial number, and the date of purchase in the spaces provided below and retain this manual as a permanent record of your purchase.

NOTICE:

Service charges incurred due to a lack of knowledge relating to how a function or effect works (when the unit is operating as designed) are not covered by the manufacturers warranty, and are therefore the owners responsibility. Please study this manual carefully and consult your dealer before requesting service.
Model Serial No. Purchase Date

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES:

Yamaha strives to produce products that are both user safe and environmentally friendly. We sincerely believe that our products and the production methods used to produce them, meet these goals. In keeping with both the letter and the spirit of the law, we want you to be aware of the following:

Recording Procedure... 52 Song ClearDeleting User Songs.. 55 Track ClearDeleting a Specified Track from a User Song.. 55
Backup and Initialization
Backup... 56 Initialization... 56
Basic Operation and Displays
Basic Operation.. 57 Display Items... 59
Be sure to do the following operations BEFORE turning on the power.

Power Requirements

Although the instrument will run either from an optional AC adaptor or batteries, Yamaha recommends use of an AC adaptor whenever possible. An AC adaptor is more environmentally friendly than batteries and does not deplete resources.
Using an AC Power Adaptor
Make sure that the [STANDBY/ON] switch of the instrument is set to STANDBY.
Use the specied adaptor (PA-130 or an equivalent recommended by Yamaha) only. The use of other adaptors may result in irreparable damage to both the adaptor and the instrument.
Connect the AC adaptor to the power supply jack. Plug the AC adaptor into an AC outlet.
Unplug the AC Power Adaptor when not using the instrument, or during electrical storms.
For battery operation the instrument requires six 1.5V AA size, LR6 or equivalent batteries. (Alkaline batteries are recommended.) When battery power becomes too low for proper operation, make sure to replace all batteries, following the precautions listed below. If necessary, also make sure to save all important User data (see page 56), since custom panel settings are lost when the batteries are removed.
AC power adaptor AC outlet
Use only manganese or alkaline batteries for this instrument. Other types of batteries (including rechargeable batteries) may exhibit a sudden drop in power when the batteries are low, possibly resulting in a loss of ash memory data. Be sure to install the batteries in the same direction, maintaining the correct polarity (as shown). Incorrect battery installation may result in heat, re and/or leaking of corrosive chemicals. When the batteries run down, replace them with a complete set of six new batteries. NEVER mix old and new batteries. Do not use different kinds of batteries (e.g. alkaline and manganese) at the same time. If the instrument will not be used for an extended period of time, remove the batteries to prevent possible uid leakage. Please use the power adaptor when transferring data to ash memory. Batteries (including rechargeable types) can be drained rapidly by this type of operation. If the batteries do become drained during a data transfer, both the data being transferred and the data currently in the transfer destination will be lost.

* Filter effects can sometimes cause distortion in the bass frequencies.
Some hints for using the lter effects are provided on page 22.
Filter Cutoff Filter Resonance
Knob A adjusts the lters cutoff frequency, and therefore the brightness of the sound.

Level Cutoff Frequency

Frequency Frequencies in this range are passed. Frequencies in this range are cut off.
Knob B adjusts the amount of resonance applied at the lters cutoff frequency. Increasing the resonance emphasizes the frequencies at the cutoff frequency, and thus strengthens the perceived effect of the lter.

Level Resonance

Frequency

x Effect

Reverb reproduces the acoustic ambience of a concert hall or club, while chorus produces a layered multi-instrument effect.
Reverb Send Level Chorus Send Level
Knob A adjusts the depth of the reverb effect, and Knob B adjusts the depth of the chorus effect.
c EG (Envelope Generator)
Envelope Generator effects determine how the level of the sound varies over time. You can make the attack faster for a more percussive sound or slower for a violin-like sound, for example. Or you can lengthen or shorten the sustain to most ideally match the music.

Attack Time Release Time

Knob A adjusts attack time (the amount of time it takes the sound to reach maximum level when a key is played). Knob B adjusts release time (the amount of time it takes for the sound to decay to silence after a key is released).

Sustain Level

ATTACK

RELEASE

Key Played

Key Released

v Style Filter
In this case the knobs apply the lter effect to the style being played. Knob A and Knob B have the same functions as for z Filter described on the preceding page.

b Style Tempo

Tempo No Effect
Knob A adjusts the tempo of the style and arpeggios. Rotating the knob clockwise increases the tempo while rotating it counterclockwise decreases the tempo. The knobs center position produces the initial default tempo.

Using the Knobs

Select the voice you want to play on the keyboard.

SquareLd

The name of the currently selected voice will appear in the display when you press the [VOICE] button. Use the dial to select the desired voice. For this example we want to use a synth-lead type voice, so select 97 SquareLd (Square-wave Lead).
Press the [ASSIGN] button as many times as necessary to select z FILTER (z will appear in the display).

z appears here.

Knob A can now be used to adjust the lter cutoff frequency, and Knob B can be used to adjust the resonance.
Rotate Knob B to its maximum setting (all the way to the right).
Rotating the knob to the right while the volume is set to a high level can result in distortion. If this occurs, reduce the volume level.
Play with the right hand while operating Knob A with the left hand.
If you select a different keyboard voice the knobs will be reset and the ideal settings for the selected voice will be automatically recalled. In the same way, if the v STYLE FILTER effect is selected, the knobs will be reset if a different style is selected. If you create an original setting you like, it might be a good idea to save it in the instruments Registration Memory (page 80) so you can recall the same settings again at any time. You can also record performances using original sounds youve created (page 52). The chart below lists some interesting ways to use the various effects that can be assigned to the knobs.
Changing the knob settings does not immediately change the sound. Newly assigned effects will only change the sound when the knobs are rst operated after the new effect has been selected.
Some Ideas for Using the Knobs
Number/Effect Try This Select a synth-type lead or pad voice (page 106). Turn Knob B all the way up and operate Knob A while playing for some spacey, oating 1980s effects. Select a voice that sounds as though it already has reverb and chorus effects applied, and turn Knob A and Knob B all the way down to hear the direct sound of the voice. You can then turn the Knob A and Knob B settings up to add extra impact and richness to the voice. Select a piano voice, and turn Knob B all the way up and Knob A to about the 3 oclock position. This should give you a majestic, organ-like sound. The attack time is quite long so play the keys and hold them to let the sound come in fully. Ideal for slow pieces. Select style 39, Euro Trance. Turn accompaniment on and start style playback (page 34). Set Knob B to about 3 oclock, and Knob A to about 8 oclock. The overall sound of the style should be a bit mufed, with the drums emphasized for solid rhythmic impact. Play a style and/or arpeggio (page 14) and use Knob A to adjust the tempo.

z FILTER x EFFECT

v STYLE FILTER b STYLE TEMPO
This instrument includes a performance assistant technology feature that lets you play along with a song and sound like a great pianist (even though you might be making lots of mistakes)! In fact, you can play any notes and still sound good! So even if you cant play piano and cant read a note of music, you can have some musical fun. Its never too late to start learning!

Refer to page 25 for more information on using performance assistant technology to help you play.

Play with Both Hands

Press the [PERFORMANCE ASSISTANT] button.
The indicator lights when the performance assistant technology feature is on.
Press the [PERFORMANCE ASSISTANT] button to turn the function on or off.

Select a song.

Press the [SONG] button, and the song number and name will be displayed. You can use the dial or other selection controls to select a different song. For this example try selecting the 010 AveMaria.

Song name

AveMaria
Song number The song displayed here will be played.
What is a Song? Of course you know the normal meaning of the word, but for this instrument the term song also refers to the data that makes up a piece of music. You can listen to the songs, use them for lessons, and use them with a range of other functions (page 39).

Press the [

] (START/STOP) button.

Adjusts volume.

Song playback will begin. The basic pattern will repeat. Listen to four measures while memorizing the basic pattern. Its your turn to play the part from the fth measure.

Play on the keyboard.

Before
Play the score on the left along with the accompaniment using both hands. You can even play the same keys over and over: C, E, G, C, E, G, C, E. Performance assistant technology will make sure that the notes will come out as if they were played according to the score on the right. Keep playing, and performance assistant technology will continue to correct the notes that you play. You can stop song playback at any time by pressing the [ STOP) button. ] (START/
Press the [PERFORMANCE ASSISTANT] button to turn the performance assistant technology feature off.
The complete score for Ave Maria is provided on page 102.
Use the Performance Assistant to Play Like a Pro!
To begin, try to feel the rhythm of the song. Then, with your hands spread as shown in the illustration, simply play the keyboard alternately with your left and right hands (any notes will do).
You will get even better results if you match your left-hand rhythm to the rhythm of the chord indicator in the display.
Sounds like youre playing the right notes!
How does it sound? Youll get acceptable results no matter where you play thanks to performance assistant technology! Next try the three playing methods illustrated below. Different ways of playing produce different results.
Play with the left and right hands at the same timingtype 1. Play with the left and right hands at the same timingtype 2. Play alternately with the left and right handstype 3.
Play 3 notes at once with your right hand.
Play 1 note at a time with your right hand (for example: index nger middle nger ring nger).

Press the [ACMP ON/OFF] button to turn auto-accompaniment on (page 34). The keyboard to the left of the split point (default: 54/F#2) becomes the accompaniment range. Play the accompaniment chords in this area of the keyboard.
Split point (default: 54/F#2)

F# G# Bb

C D E F GA B C D E F
Accompaniment range Root notes and the corresponding keys

Easy Chords

Standard Chords

This method lets you produce accompaniment by playing chords using normal ngerings in the accompaniment range of the keyboard.
How to play Standard Chords [Example for C chords]

(9) (9)

This method lets you easily play chords in the accompaniment range of the keyboard using only one, two, or three ngers.
To play a major chord Press the root note of the chord.

C sus4

To play a minor chord Press the root note together with the nearest black key to the left of it. To play a seventh chord Press the root note together with the nearest white key to the left of it.

C M7aug

To play a minor seventh chord Press the root note together with the nearest white and black keys to the left of it (three keys altogether).

C dim7

C 7aug

C 7sus4

C sus2
* Notes enclosed in parentheses ( ) are optional; the chords will be recognized without them.
With this instrument the term song refers the data that makes up a piece of music. You can simply enjoy listening to the 30 internal songs, or use them with just about any of the many functions providedthe performance assistant technology feature, lessons, and more. The songs are organized by category. In this section well learn how to select and play songs, and briey describe the 30 songs provided.
Select and Listen to a Song

Listen

Lesson

Record

Press the [SONG] button.
The song number and name will be displayed. You can use the dial to select a different song.
The currently selected song and number are displayed
Select a song after referring to the preset song category list on page 41. Use the dial to select the song you want to listen to.
You can also play songs you have recorded yourself (User Songs) or songs that have been transferred to the instrument from a computer in the same way that you play the internal songs.

ForElise

The song displayed here can be played
Built in Songs (see next page) User Songs (Songs you record yourself). Songs transferred from a computer (pages 9092)

Listen to the song.

Press the [ ] (START/STOP) button to begin playback of the selected song. You can stop playback at any time by pressing the [ ] (START/ STOP) button again.

Song start!

Using the [DEMO/PC] button Press the [DEMO/PC] button to play Songs 001008 in sequence. Playback will continue repeatedly starting again from the rst Song (001). You can select a song by using the [-] and [+] buttons after pressing the [DEMO/PC] button. You can stop playback at any time by pressing the [DEMO/PC] button.

The practice methods:

Lesson 1.Learn to play the correct notes. Lesson 2.Learn to play the correct notes with the correct timing. Lesson 3.Learn to play the correct notes at the correct timing along with the song.

Lesson 1Waiting

In this lesson, try playing the correct notes. Play the note shown in the display. The song will wait until you play the right note.
Select a song for your lesson.
Press the [SONG] button, and rotate the dial to select the song you want to use for your lesson. As listed on page 42 there are a variety of song types. For this example try selecting the 012 ForElise.
Select the part you want to practice.
Press the [R] button for a right-hand lesson, [L] button for a left-hand lesson, or press both the [R] and [L] buttons simultaneously for a bothhands lesson. The currently selected part is shown in the display.

Right-hand lesson

Left-hand lesson

BothHand

Both-hands lesson

Start Lesson 1.

Press the LESSON [START] button to select Lesson 1. Each time the LESSON [START] button is pressed the lesson modes are selected in sequence: Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Off Lesson 1. The currently selected mode is shown in the display.

Waiting

(Lesson 1)

YourTemp

(Lesson 2)

MinusOne

(Lesson 3)

(Song Lesson off)

Song playback will begin automatically when you select Lesson 1.

Start the lesson!

Play the note shown in the display. When you play the correct note, the next note you need play is shown. The song will wait until you play the correct note.
In this case r1 indicate that right-hand lesson 1 has been selected.

Left-hand part

Right-hand part
(In the case of a right-hand lesson)

Stop the Lesson mode.

You can stop the Lesson mode at any time by pressing the [ (START/STOP) button. Once youve mastered Lesson 1, move on to Lesson 2. ]

Chord Display

Any notes occurring below or above the staff are indicated by 8va in the notation. For a few specic chords, not all notes may be shown in the notation section of the display. This is due to space limitations in the display.
Indicates the name of the chord currently being played back, or the name of the chord being played on the keyboard.

Song Track Display

Information related to the song tracks is shown here. (see page 52, 79)
Indicates that Touch response is turned on. (see page 65)

HARMONY

Indicates that Harmony is turned on. (see page 60)
Indicates that the Dual voice is turned on. (see page 29)
Indicates that the Split voice is turned on. (see page 30)

Beat Display

Indicates the current style or song beat with ashing arrows. (see page 27)

ARPEGGIO

Indicates that the Arpeggio is turned on. (see page 14)
Knob Assign Display Performance assistant technology
Indicates that performance assistant technology is turned on. (see page 23) This display allows you to visually conrm parameters assigned to the knobs. (see page 18)

ACMP ON

Indicates that Accompaniment is turned on. (see page 34)

SYNC STOP

Indicates that SYNC STOP is turned on. (see page 71)

erenc ef R

Harmony
This feature adds harmony notes to the main voice.
1 Press the [HARMONY] button to turn
Harmony feature on. To turn Harmony off, press the [HARMONY] button again.
When you press the [HARMONY] button to turn this feature on, the appropriate harmony type for the currently selected main voice is automatically selected.
2 Press and hold the [HARMONY] button
for longer than a second so that the Harmony Type item appears. HarmType appears in the display for a few seconds, and the currently selected harmony type will be displayed. Use the dial to select a different harmony type.
Hold for longer than a second.

Adding Effects

3 Use the dial to select a harmony type.
When harmony is on the harmony icon will appear in the display.
Refer to the Effect Type List on page 117 for information about the available harmony types. Try playing the keyboard with the harmony function. The effect and operation of each Harmony Type is different-refer to the below section How to sound each Harmony Type as well as the Effect Type List for details.
NOTE The harmony notes can be added only to the Main Voice, not to Dual or Split Voices.
The keys left of the Split Point of the keyboard produce no harmony notes when the auto accompaniment is on (ACMP ON is lit).

Start the metronome

Turn the metronome on and start it by pressing the [METRONOME] button. To stop the metronome, press the [METRONOME] button again.
Adjusting the Metronome Tempo
1 Press the [TEMPO/TAP] button to call

up the tempo setting.

Current Tempo setting
2 Use the dial to select a tempo from 11 to
Indicates the beat number in the measure
Setting the Number of Beats per Measure, and the Length of Each Beat
In this example well set up a 5/8 time signature.
1 Press and hold the [METRONOME] button for longer than a second to select the number of beats per measure function TimesigN.
The available range is from 0 through 60. Select 5 for this example.
NOTE The metronome time signature will synchronize to a style or song that is playing, so these parameters cannot be changed while a style or song is playing.

3 Press the CATEGORY [

TimesigN
Number of beats per measure.
] and [ ] buttons as many times as necessary to select the beat length function TimesigD. The currently selected beat length will be displayed.

TimesigD

2 Use the dial to select the number of

The length of one beat.

beats per measure. A chime will sound on the rst beat of each measure while the other beats will click. All beats will simply click with no chime at the beginning of each measure if you set this parameter to 00.
4 Use the dial to select the beat length.
Select the required length for each beat: 2, 4, 8, or 16 (half note, quarter note, eighth note, or 16th note). Select 8 for this example.
Adjusting the Metronome Volume 1 Press the [FUNCTION] button. 3 Use the dial to set the metronome volume as required.
] and [ ] buttons to select the Metronome Volume item.

MtrVol

Metronome volume

Tap Start

You can supply a count-in at any tempo you like to start playback. Simply tap the [TEMPO/TAP] button at any tempo4 times for time signatures in 4, and 3 times for time signatures in 3and the selected style/ song will begin playing at the tapped tempo.
Touch Response Sensitivity
When touch response is on you can adjust the keyboards sensitivity to dynamics in three steps.

ARP Velo

Original
The currently selected arpeggio velocity.

One Touch Setting

Sometimes selecting the ideal voice to play with a song or style can be confusing. The One Touch Setting feature automatically selects a well-balanced voice for you when you select a style or song. Simply select voice number 000 to activate this feature.
1 Select voice number 000 (steps 1 to 2

on page 28).

4 Use the dial to change songs, then play
the keyboard and listen to the voice.

SweetSpr

Use the dial to select voice number 000.
2 Select and play back any song (steps 1

to 3 on page 39).

3 Play the keyboard and remember the

sound of the voice.

You should hear a different keyboard voice than you played in step 3. Press the [VOICE] button after changing songs to see the name of the voice being used.
If you have stopped playback at some point during this procedure press the [ ] (START/STOP) button to start playback again.
Adjusting the Harmony Volume 1 Press the [FUNCTION] button. 3 Use the dial to set the harmony volume

between 000 and 127.

] and [ ] buttons to select the Harmony Volume item.

HarmVol

Select an EQ Setting for the Best Sound
Five different master equalizer (EQ) settings are provided to give you the best possible sound when listening through different reproduction systemsthe instruments internal speakers, headphones, or an external speaker system.
The currently selected function will appear in the display.

MasterEQ

Speakerl
] and [ ] buttons as many times as necessary to select the master EQ type function MasterEQ. MasterEQ will be shown in the display for a few seconds, then the currently selected EQ type will appear.
The currently selected master EQ type.
3 Use the dial to select the desired Master
EQ setting. Five settings are available: 15. Settings 1 and 2 are best for listening via the instruments built-in speakers, setting 3 is for headphones, and settings 4 and 5 are ideal for listening via external speakers.

Major chord CM Minor chord Cm Augmented chord C aug Diminished chord C dim

Minor 3rd

Major 3rd
The basic characteristics of the chord sound remain intact even if we change the order of the notes to create different inversions. Successive chords in a chord progression can be smoothly connected, for example, by choosing the appropriate inversions (or chord voicings).

Reading Chord Names

Chord names tell you just about everything you need to know about a chord (other than the inversion/voicing). The chord name tells you what the root of the chord is, whether it is a major, minor, or diminished chord, whether it requires a major or atted seventh, what alterations or tensions it uses. all at a glance.
Root note Chord type Major 7 th
Some Chord Types (These are just some of the Standard chord types recognized by the PSR-E413.)
Suspended 4 th 7 th Minor 7 th

Perfect 5 th

Perfect 4 th

Flatted 7 th

Major chord

Minor chord

Major 7 th

Minor/major 7 th

7 th, atted 5 th

Minor 7 th, atted 5 th

7 th, suspended 4 th

Flatted 5 th

7 th chord

Minor 7 th chord

Suspended 4 th chord
Recognized Standard Chords
All chords in the chart are C-root chords.
Chord Name/[Abbreviation] Major [M] Add ninth [(9)] Sixth [6] Sixth ninth [6(9)] Major seventh [M7] Major seventh ninth [M7(9)] Major seventh add sharp eleventh [M7(#11)] Flatted fth [(b5)] Major seventh atted fth [M7b5] Suspended fourth [sus4] Augmented [aug] Major seventh augmented [M7aug] Minor [m] Minor add ninth [m(9)] Minor sixth [m6] Minor seventh [m7] Minor seventh ninth [m7(9)] Minor seventh add eleventh [m7(11)] Minor major seventh [mM7] Minor major seventh ninth [mM7(9)] Minor seventh atted fth [m7b5] Minor major seventh atted fth [mM7b5] Diminished [dim] Diminished seventh [dim7] Seventh [7] Seventh atted ninth [7(b9)] Seventh add atted thirteenth [7(b13)] Seventh ninth [7(9)] Seventh add sharp eleventh [7(#11)] Seventh add thirteenth [7(13)] Seventh sharp ninth [7(#9)] Seventh atted fth [7b5] Seventh augmented [7aug] Seventh suspended fourth [7sus4] Suspended second [sus2] Normal Voicing 1-3-5 1-2-3-- (3) - 5 - - 2 - 3 - (5) - - 3 - (5) - 7 or 1 - (3) - 5 - - 2 - 3 - (5) - - (2) - 3 - #4 - 5 - 7 or 1 - 2 - 3 - #4 - (5) - - 3 - b- 3 - b5 - 7 1-4-- 3 - #- (3) - #5 - - b3 - - 2 - b3 - - b3 - 5 - - b3 - (5) - b- 2 - b3 - (5) - b- (2) - b3 - 4 - 5 - (b7) 1 - b3 - (5) - - 2 - b3 - (5) - - b3 - b5 - b- b3 - b5 - - b3 - b- b3 - b5 - - 3 - (5) - b7 or 1 - (3) - 5 - b- b2 - 3 - (5) - b- 3 - 5 - b6 - b- 2 - 3 - (5) - b- (2) - 3 - #4 - 5 - b7 or 1 - 2 - 3 - #4 - (5) - b- 3 - (5) - 6 - b- #2 - 3 - (5) - b- 3 - b5 - b- 3 - #5 - b- 4 - (5) - b7 1-2-5 Chord (C)

C6: Fast forward B5: Start A5: Stop G5: Rewind F5: Top (move to the beginning of the song) E5: Metronome ON/OFF
NOTE Remote control of MIDI devices will function independently of the PC2 mode.

Initial Send

This function lets you send the panel setup data to a computer. Before you record performance data to a sequencer application running on your computer, it is a good idea to rst send and record the panel setup data before the actual performance data.
3 Press [+/YES] to send, or press [-/NO]

to cancel.

] and [ ] buttons to select the Initial Send item.
Transferring Data between the Computer and Instrument
Songs, styles, or Music Database les residing on a computer or the supplied CD-ROM, can be transferred to the instrument. Backup les can also be transferred from the instrument to the computer and back. In order to transfer les between your computer and the instrument you will need to install the Musicsoft Downloader application and the USBMIDI Driver included on the Accessory CD-ROM on your computer. Refer to the Accessory CDROM Installation Guide on page 93 for installation details.
Data that can be transferred from a computer to this instrument. Data Capacity: 373 KB 256 les total for the Song, Style and Music Database. Data Format Song: (.mid) SMF format 0/1 Style: (.sty) Music Database: (.mfd) Backup File: 08PK61.bup What is SMF (Standard MIDI File)? The SMF (Standard MIDI File) format is one of the most common and widely compatible sequence formats used for storing sequence data. There are two variations: Format 0 and Format 1. A large number of MIDI devices are compatible with SMF Format 0, and most commercially available MIDI sequence data is provided in SMF Format 0.
With the Musicsoft Downloader You Can.
Transfer les from the computer to the instruments ash memory. refer to the procedure described on page 91. The procedure for transferring songs included on the Accessory CD-ROM from your computer to the instrument is given as an example.
Backup les can be transferred from the instrument to a computer and back. refer to the procedure described on page 92.

Shower Thunder Wind Stream Bubble Feed
Laugh Scream Punch Heartbeat Footsteps

Dog Horse Bird Tweet 2

Machine Gun Laser Gun Explosion Firework

Style List

Style No. 57 Style Name 8BEAT BritRock 8BtModrn Cool 8Bt 60sGtPop 8BtAdria 60s8Beat BblgumPp BritPpSw 8Beat Off Beat 60s Rock HardRock RockShfl 8Bt Rock 16BEAT 16Beat PopShf 1 PopShf 2 Gtr Pop 16Bt Up KoolShfl JazzRock HH Light BALLAD PianoBld LoveSong 68Modern 68SlowRk 68OrcBld OrganBld Pop Bld 16Bld 1 16Bld 2 DANCE ClubBeat Electron FunkyHse ChartR&B MellowHH SoulR&B Chillout EuTrance Ibiza DreamDnc NewHipHp Pop R&B TrancPop ChartPop HouseMsk Swing H TcnPolis Clubdanc Club Ltn Garage 1 Garage 2 TcnParty UK Pop HHGroove Hip Shfl HipHopPp Style No. Style Name DISCO ModDisco 70sDsc 1 70sDsc 2 LatinDsc DscPhily SatNight DscChoco DscHands SWING&JAZZ BB Fast BBMedium BBBallad BB Shfl AcidJazz JazzClub Swing 1 Swing 2 OrchSwng FiveFour Jazz Bld Dixie Ragtime AfroCubn Charlstn R&B Soul DetPop 1 60s R&R 6/8 Soul ModrnR&B CroTwist Rck&Roll DetPop 2 Boogie 1 Boogie 2 6/8Blues COUNTRY Cntry8Bt CntryPop CntrySwg CntryBld Cntry2/4 CowboyBg CntryShf Blgrass LATIN BrzSamba Bossa PopBossa Tijuana DscLatin Mambo Salsa Beguine GtrRumba Flamenco RmbIslnd Reggae Style No. Style Name BALLROOM VienWltz EngWaltz Slowfox Foxtrot Quickstp Tango Pasodobl Samba ChaCha Rumba Jive TRAD & WORLD USMarch 6/8March GerMarch PolkaPop OberPlka Trntella Showtune Xmas Swg XmasWltz Reel Hawaiian Indi Pop Bhangra Garba Goa Pop Bhajan WALTZ ItalyWlz MriacWlz Serenade SwingWlz Jz Wlz 1 Jz Wlz 2 CntryWlz OberWltz Musette CHILDREN Learn2/4 Learn4/4 Learn6/8 Fun 3/4 Fun 4/4 PIANIST Stride PnoBls 1 PnoBls 2 Pno Rag Pno R&R PnoBoogi PnoJzWlz PnoJzBld Arpeggio Musical SlowRock 8Pno Bld PnoSwing

Arpeggio List

Arpeggio No. Arpeggio Name UpOct DownOct UpDnOct SynArp1 SynArp2 SynArp3 SynArp4 SyncEcho PulsLine StepLine Random Down&Up SuperArp AcidLine TekEcho VelGruv Trance1 Trance2 SynChrd1 SynChrd2 Hybrid1 Hybrid2 Hybrid3 Hybrid4 PfArp1 PfArp2 PfArp3 PnClub1 PnClub2 PfBallad PfChd8th EPArp PfShfl PfRock Clavi1 Clavi2 ChordUp ChdDance Salsa1 Salsa2 Reggae1 Reggae2 Reggae3 6/8R&B Gospel BlldEP Strum1 Strum2 Pickin GuitChd1 Arpeggio No. Arpeggio Name GuitChd2 GuitChd3 GuitArp FngrPck1 FngrPck2 CleanGt Slowfl Samba1 Samba2 Harp1 Harp2 FngrBass CooFunk SlapBass AcidBas1 AcidBas2 FunkyBs ComboJaz TranceBs LatinBs PercArp Strings1 Strings2 Strings3 StrngDwn StrngUp Orchestr Pizz1 Pizz2 Perc1 Perc2 R&B Funk1 Funk2 HipHop Trance Dream 2 Step Ibiza1 ClubHs1 ClubHs2 EuroTek House Ibiza2 Ibiza3 Garage African Tamb Latin Arabic