When you interrupt a graph, a partial graph is displayed. To return to the home screen, press or any nongraphing key. To restart graphing, press a graphing key or select a graphing instruction.

TI-83 Plus Edit Keys

Keystrokes Result

~ or | } or

Moves the cursor within an expression; these keys repeat. Moves the cursor from line to line within an expression that occupies more than one line; these keys repeat. On the top line of an expression on the home screen, } moves the cursor to the beginning of the expression. On the bottom line of an expression on the home screen, moves the cursor to the end of the expression.

y| y~

Moves the cursor to the beginning of an expression. Moves the cursor to the end of an expression. Evaluates an expression or executes an instruction. On a line with text on the home screen, clears the current line. On a blank line on the home screen, clears everything on the home screen. In an editor, clears the expression or value where the cursor is located; it does not store a zero.
Deletes a character at the cursor; this key repeats. Changes the cursor to an underline (__); inserts characters in front of the underline cursor; to end insertion, press y 6 or press |, }, ~, or.

Keystrokes

Result
Changes the cursor to ; the next keystroke performs a 2nd operation (an operation in yellow above a key and to the left); to cancel 2nd, press y again. Changes the cursor to ; the next keystroke pastes an alpha character (a character in green above a key and to the right) or executes SOLVE (Chapters 10 and 11); to cancel , press or press |, }, ~, or. Changes the cursor to ; sets alpha-lock; subsequent keystrokes (on an alpha key) paste alpha characters; to cancel alpha-lock, press. If you are prompted to enter a name such as for a group or a program, alpha-lock is set automatically. Pastes an X in Func mode, a T in Par mode, a q in Pol mode, or an n in Seq mode with one keystroke.

Setting Modes

Checking Mode Settings Mode settings control how the TI-83 Plus displays and interprets numbers and graphs. Mode settings are retained by the Constant Memory feature when the TI-83 Plus is turned off. All numbers, including elements of matrices and lists, are displayed according to the current mode settings. To display the mode settings, press z. The current settings are highlighted. Defaults are highlighted below. The following pages describe the mode settings in detail.

complex result8Rect returns a+bi.

4Polar

4Polar (display as polar) displays a complex result in polar form. It is valid
only at the end of an expression. It is not valid if the result is real.
complex result8Polar returns re^(qi).
MATH PRB (Probability) Operations
MATH PRB Menu To display the MATH PRB menu, press |.
MATH NUM CPX PRB 1: rand 2: nPr 3: nCr 4: ! 5: randInt( 6: randNorm( 7: randBin(
Random-number generator Number of permutations Number of combinations Factorial Random-integer generator Random # from Normal distribution Random # from Binomial distribution
rand (random number) generates and returns one or more random
numbers > 0 and < 1. To generate a list of random-numbers, specify an integer > 1 for numtrials (number of trials). The default for numtrials is 1.

rand[(numtrials)]

Tip: To generate random numbers beyond the range of 0 to 1, you can include rand in an expression. For example, rand5 generates a random number > 0 and < 5.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 92
With each rand execution, the TI-83 Plus generates the same randomnumber sequence for a given seed value. The TI-83 Plus factory-set seed value for rand is 0. To generate a different random-number sequence, store any nonzero seed value to rand. To restore the factoryset seed value, store 0 to rand or reset the defaults (Chapter 18).
Note: The seed value also affects randInt(, randNorm(, and randBin( instructions.

nPr, nCr

nPr (number of permutations) returns the number of permutations of items taken number at a time. items and number must be nonnegative integers. Both items and number can be lists.

items nPr number

nCr (number of combinations) returns the number of combinations of items taken number at a time. items and number must be nonnegative integers. Both items and number can be lists.

items nCr number

! (Factorial)
! (factorial) returns the factorial of either an integer or a multiple of.5. For a list, it returns factorials for each integer or multiple of.5. value must be

Function Graphing

Defining Graphs
TI-83 PlusGraphing Mode Similarities Chapter 3 specifically describes function graphing, but the steps shown here are similar for each TI-83 Plus graphing mode. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 describe aspects that are unique to parametric graphing, polar graphing, and sequence graphing. Defining a Graph To define a graph in any graphing mode, follow these steps. Some steps are not always necessary. 1. Press z and set the appropriate graph mode. 2. Press o and enter, edit, or select one or more functions in the Y= editor. 3. Deselect stat plots, if necessary. 4. Set the graph style for each function. 5. Press p and define the viewing window variables. 6. Press y. and select the graph format settings.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 107
Displaying and Exploring a Graph After you have defined a graph, press s to display it. Explore the behavior of the function or functions using the TI-83 Plus tools described in this chapter. Saving a Graph for Later Use You can store the elements that define the current graph to any of 10 graph database variables (GDB1 through GDB9, and GDB0; Chapter 8). To recreate the current graph later, simply recall the graph database to which you stored the original graph. These types of information are stored in a GDB.

Y= functions

Graph style settings Window settings Format settings
You can store a picture of the current graph display to any of 10 graph picture variables (Pic1 through Pic9, and Pic0; Chapter 8). Then you can superimpose one or more stored pictures onto the current graph.

Setting the Graph Modes

Checking and Changing the Graphing Mode To display the mode screen, press z. The default settings are highlighted below. To graph functions, you must select Func mode before you enter values for the window variables and before you enter the functions.
The TI-83 Plus has four graphing modes.
Func (function graphing) Par (parametric graphing; Chapter 4) Pol (polar graphing; Chapter 5) Seq (sequence graphing; Chapter 6)
Other mode settings affect graphing results. Chapter 1 describes each mode setting.
Float or 0123456789 (fixed) decimal mode affects displayed graph

coordinates.

Radian or Degree angle mode affects interpretation of some functions. Connected or Dot plotting mode affects plotting of selected functions. Sequential or Simul graphing-order mode affects function plotting

Format settings define a graphs appearance on the display. Format settings apply to all graphing modes. Seq graphing mode has an additional mode setting (Chapter 6). Changing a Format Setting To change a format setting, follow these steps. 1. Press , ~, }, and | as necessary to move the cursor to the setting you want to select. 2. Press to select the highlighted setting.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 125

RectGC, PolarGC

RectGC (rectangular graphing coordinates) displays the cursor location as rectangular coordinates X and Y. PolarGC (polar graphing coordinates) displays the cursor location as polar coordinates R and q.
The RectGC/PolarGC setting determines which variables are updated when you plot the graph, move the free-moving cursor, or trace.
RectGC updates X and Y; if CoordOn format is selected, X and Y are displayed. PolarGC updates X, Y, R, and q; if CoordOn format is selected, R and q
are displayed. CoordOn, CoordOff
CoordOn (coordinates on) displays the cursor coordinates at the bottom of the graph. If ExprOff format is selected, the function number is
displayed in the top-right corner.
CoordOff (coordinates off) does not display the function number or
GridOff, GridOn Grid points cover the viewing window in rows that correspond to the tick marks on each axis.
GridOff does not display grid points. GridOn displays grid points.

AxesOn, AxesOff

AxesOn displays the axes. AxesOff does not display the axes.
This overrides the LabelOff/ LabelOn format setting. LabelOff, LabelOn
LabelOff and LabelOn determine whether to display labels for the axes (X and Y), if AxesOn format is also selected.

ExprOn, ExprOff

ExprOn and ExprOff determine whether to display the Y= expression
when the trace cursor is active. This format setting also applies to stat plots. When ExprOn is selected, the expression is displayed in the top-left corner of the graph screen. When ExprOff and CoordOn both are selected, the number in the top-right corner specifies which function is being traced.

Displaying Graphs

Displaying a New Graph To display the graph of the selected function or functions, press s. TRACE, ZOOM instructions, and CALC operations display the graph automatically. As the TI-83 Plus plots the graph, the busy indicator is on. As the graph is plotted, X and Y are updated. Pausing or Stopping a Graph While plotting a graph, you can pause or stop graphing. Press to pause; then press to resume. Press to stop; then press s to redraw.
Smart Graph Smart Graph is a TI-83 Plus feature that redisplays the last graph immediately when you press s, but only if all graphing factors that would cause replotting have remained the same since the graph was last displayed.

Tip: On the TI-83 Plus, you must type each character of the terms. For example, to enter u(nN1), press y [u] .
Recursive sequences require an initial value or values, since they reference undefined terms. If each term in the sequence is defined in relation to the previous term, as in u(nN1), you must specify an initial value for the first term.
If each term in the sequence is defined in relation to the term that precedes the previous term, as in u(nN2), you must specify initial values for the first two terms. Enter the initial values as a list enclosed in braces ({ }) with commas separating the values.
The value of the first term is 0 and the value of the second term is 1 for the sequence u(n).
Setting Window Variables To display the window variables, press p. These variables define the viewing window. The values below are defaults for Seq graphing in both Radian and Degree angle modes.
nMin=1 nMax=10 PlotStart=1 PlotStep=1 Xmin=L10 Xmax=10 Xscl=1 Ymin=L10 Ymax=10 Yscl=1
Smallest n value to evaluate Largest n value to evaluate First term number to be plotted Incremental n value (for graphing only) Smallest X value to be displayed Largest X value to be displayed Spacing between the X tick marks Smallest Y value to be displayed Largest Y value to be displayed Spacing between the Y tick marks
nMin must be an integer 0. nMax, PlotStart, and PlotStep must be

integers 1.

nMin is the smallest n value to evaluate. nMin also is displayed in the sequence Y= editor. nMax is the largest n value to evaluate. Sequences are evaluated at u(nMin), u(nMin+1), u(nMin+2) ,. , u(nMax).
PlotStart is the first term to be plotted. PlotStart=1 begins plotting on the first term in the sequence. If you want plotting to begin with the fifth term in a sequence, for example, set PlotStart=5. The first four terms are evaluated but are not plotted on the graph. PlotStep is the incremental n value for graphing only. PlotStep does not affect sequence evaluation; it only designates which points are plotted on the graph. If you specify PlotStep=2, the sequence is evaluated at each consecutive integer, but it is plotted on the graph only at every other integer.

Detaching Formulas from List Names
Detaching a Formula from a List Name You can detach (clear) a formula from a list name in several ways. For example: In the stat list editor, move the cursor onto the name of the list to which a formula is attached. Press . All list elements remain, but the formula is detached and the lock symbol disappears. In the stat list editor, move the cursor onto an element of the list to which a formula is attached. Press , edit the element, and then press. The element changes, the formula is detached, and the lock symbol disappears. All other list elements remain. Use ClrList. All elements of one or more specified lists are cleared, each formula is detached, and each lock symbol disappears. All list names remain. Use ClrAllLists (Chapter 18). All elements of all lists in memory are cleared, all formulas are detached from all list names, and all lock symbols disappear. All list names remain.
Editing an Element of a Formula-Generated List As described above, one way to detach a formula from a list name is to edit an element of the list to which the formula is attached. The TI-83 Plus protects against inadvertently detaching the formula from the list name by editing an element of the formula-generated list. Because of the protection feature, you must press before you can edit an element of a formula-generated list. The protection feature does not allow you to delete an element of a list to which a formula is attached. To delete an element of a list to which a formula is attached, you must first detach the formula in any of the ways described above.
Switching Stat List Editor Contexts
Stat List Editor Contexts The stat list editor has four contexts. View-elements context View-names context Edit-elements context Enter-name context
The stat list editor is first displayed in view-elements context. To switch through the four contexts, select 1:Edit from the STAT EDIT menu and follow these steps. 1. Press } to move the cursor onto a list name. You are now in view-names context. Press ~ and | to view list names stored in other stat list editor columns. 2. Press. You are now in edit-elements context. You may edit any element in a list. All elements of the current list are displayed in braces ( { } )in the entry line. Press ~ and | to view more list elements.

Note: L199 and 199 specify infinity. If you want to view the area left of upperbound, for example, specify lowerbound= L199.

normalpdf(

normalpdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the normal distribution at a specified x value. The defaults are mean m=0 and standard deviation s=1. To plot the normal distribution, paste normalpdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is:

f ( x) =

(x) 1 e , >

normalpdf(x[,m,s])

Note: For this example,
Xmin = 28 Xmax = 42 Ymin = 0 Ymax =.25
Tip: For plotting the normal distribution, you can set window variables Xmin and Xmax so that the mean m falls between them, and then select 0:ZoomFit from the ZOOM menu.

normalcdf(

normalcdf( computes the normal distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified mean m and standard
deviation s. The defaults are m=0 and s=1.
normalcdf(lowerbound,upperbound[,m,s])

invNorm(

invNorm( computes the inverse cumulative normal distribution function for a given area under the normal distribution curve specified by mean m and standard deviation s. It calculates the x value associated with an area to the left of the x value. 0 area 1 must be true. The defaults are m=0 and s=1. invNorm(area[,m,s])
tpdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the Student-t distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be >0. To plot the Student-t distribution, paste tpdf( to the Y= editor. The probability
density function (pdf) is: f ( x) = [( df + 1)/2] ( df /2) (1 + x 2/df ) ( df df

+ 1)/2

tpdf(x,df)
Xmin = L4.5 Xmax = 4.5 Ymin = 0 Ymax =.4
tcdf( computes the Student-t distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified df (degrees of freedom), which must be

> 0.

tcdf(lowerbound,upperbound,df)
c2pdf( c2pdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the c2 (chi-square) distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be an integer > 0. To plot the c2 distribution, paste c2pdf( to the Y= editor. The probability density function (pdf) is: f ( x) = 1 (1/2)df /2 xdf /2 1e x /2, x 0 (df /2)

c2pdf(x,df)

Note: For this example, Xmin = 0 Xmax = 30 Ymin = L.02 Ymax =.132

c2cdf(

c2cdf( computes the c2 (chi-square) distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified df (degrees of freedom), which
must be an integer > 0.
c2cdf(lowerbound,upperbound,df)
pdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the distribution at a specified x value. numerator df (degrees of freedom) and denominator df must be integers > 0. To plot the distribution, paste pdf( to the Y=

Probe Temp Light Volt Sonic Time Values (X) stored to:

TTEMP TLGHT TVOLT TDIST

TEMP LIGHT VOLT DIST
Note: These lists are only temporary placeholders for data results for any particular probe. Therefore, every time you collect data for one of the four probes, the list pertaining to that probe is overwritten with data results from the most recently collected data.
If you want to save data results from more than one data collection, copy all list elements that you want to save to a list with a different name. Also, the GAUGE data collection method stores data results to the same list names, overwriting previously-collected data results, even those collected using the DATA LOGGER data collection method.
TI-83 Plus Applications 477
RANGER Selecting the RANGER data collection method runs the CBR RANGER program, a customized program especially for the TI-83 Plus that makes it compatible with the CBR. When the collection process is halted, the CBR RANGER is deleted from RAM. To run the CBR RANGER program again, press and select the CBL/CBR application.
Note: The Ranger data collection method only uses the Sonic probe.
1. Press b. 2. Select 3:RANGER.

3. Press b.

4. Select options.
For detailed information about the RANGER program as well as option explanations, see the Getting Started with CBR guidebook.
TI-83 Plus Applications 478

Starting Data Collection

Collecting the Data After you specify all of the options for your data collection method, select the Go option from the GAUGE or DATA LOGGER options screen. If you are using the RANGER data collection method, select 1:SETUPSAMPLE from the MAIN menu, and then START NOW. If DIRECTNS=Off, GAUGE and DATA LOGGER data collection begin immediately. If DIRECTNS=On, the calculator displays step-by-step directions.
If PROBE=Sonic, the calculator first displays a menu screen asking you to select 1:CBL or 2:CBR. This ensures that you get the appropriate directions. Press 1 to specify CBL 2/CBL or 2 to specify CBR. If you select START NOW from the MAIN menu of the RANGER data collection method, the calculator displays one directions screen. Press b to begin data collection.

Stopping Data Collection

To stop the GAUGE data collection method, press : on the TI-83 Plus. The DATA LOGGER and RANGER data collection methods stop after the specified number of samples have been collected. To stop them before this happens: 1. Press ^ on the TI-83 Plus. 2. Press on the CBR, T on the CBL 2, or P on the CBL. To exit from the GAUGE or DATA LOGGER option menus without beginning data collection, press - l. To exit from the RANGER option menu without beginning data collection, select MAIN menu. Select 6:QUIT to return to the CBLCBR APP menu. Press 4:QUIT from the CBLCBR APP menu to return to the TI-83 Plus Home screen.

CATALOG. cosh( cosh L1(. sinh( sinh L1(. tanh( tanh L1(.
Hyperbolic cosine Hyperbolic arccosine Hyperbolic sine Hyperbolic arcsine Hyperbolic tangent Hyperbolic arctangent

sinh(, cosh(, tanh(

sinh(, cosh(, and tanh( are the hyperbolic functions. Each is valid for real
numbers, expressions, and lists.
sinh(value) cosh(value) tanh(value)
sinhL1(, coshL1(, tanhL1(
sinhL1( is the hyperbolic arcsine function. coshL1( is the hyperbolic arccosine function. tanhL1( is the hyperbolic arctangent function. Each is
valid for real numbers, expressions, and lists.
sinhL1(value) coshL1(value) sinhL1(value)

Chapter 16: Programming

Getting Started: Volume of a Cylinder
Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. A program is a set of commands that the TI-83 Plus executes sequentially, as if you had entered them from the keyboard. Create a program that prompts for the radius R and the height H of a cylinder and then computes its volume.
1. Press ~ ~ to display the PRGM NEW menu.
2. Press to select 1:Create New. The Name= prompt is displayed, and alpha-lock is on. Press [C] [Y] [L] [I] [N] [D] [E] [R], and then press to name the program CYLINDER. You are now in the program editor. The colon ( : ) in the first column of the second line indicates the beginning of a command line.
TI-83 Plus Programming 497
3. Press ~ 2 to select 2:Prompt from the PRGM I/O menu. Prompt is copied to the command line. Press [R] [H] to enter the variable names for radius and height. Press. 4. Press y p [R] [H] [V] to enter the expression pR 2H and store it to the variable V.
5. Press ~ 3 to select 3:Disp from the PRGM I/O menu. Disp is pasted to the command line. Press y 7 [V] [O] [L] [U] [M] [E]['] [I] [S] [V] to set up the program to display the text VOLUME IS on one line and the calculated value of V on the next. 6. Press y 5 to display the home screen. 7. Press to display the PRGM EXEC menu. The items on this menu are the names of stored programs.

Programming

8. Press to paste prgmCYLINDER to the current cursor location. (If CYLINDER is not item 1 on your PRGM EXEC menu, move the cursor to CYLINDER before you press.)
9. Press to execute the program. Enter 1.5 for the radius, and then press. Enter 3 for the height, and then press. The text VOLUME IS, the value of V, and Done are displayed. Repeat steps 7 through 9 and enter different values for R and H.
Creating and Deleting Programs
What Is a Program? A program is a set of one or more command lines. Each line contains one or more instructions. When you execute a program, the TI-83 Plus performs each instruction on each command line in the same order in which you entered them. The number and size of programs that the TI-83 Plus can store is limited only by available memory. Creating a New Program To create a new program, follow these steps. 1. Press | to display the PRGM NEW menu.

variable A variable D Sector 1
Note: Power loss during garbage collection may cause all memory (RAM and Archive) to be deleted.
Using the GarbageCollect Command You can reduce the number of automatic garbage collections by periodically optimizing memory. This is done by using the GarbageCollect command. To use the GarbageCollect command, follow these steps. 1. Press y CATALOG to display the CATALOG.
2. Press or } to scroll the CATALOG until the selection cursor points to the GarbageCollect command. 3. Press to paste the command to the current screen. 4. Press to display the Garbage Collect? message. 5. Select 2:Yes to begin garbage collection.

ERR:ARCHIVE FULL Message

Even if the MEMORY screen shows enough free space to archive a variable or store an application, you may still get an ERR: ARCHIVE FULL message. An ERR:ARCHIVE FULL message may be displayed: When there is insufficient space to archive a variable within a continuous block and within a single sector. When there is insufficient space to store an application within a continuous block of memory.
When the message is displayed, it will indicate the largest single space of memory available for storing a variable and an application. To resolve the problem, use the GarbageCollect command to optimize memory. If memory is still insufficient, you must delete variables or applications to increase space.
Chapter 19: Communication Link
Getting Started: Sending Variables
Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Create and store a variable and a matrix, and then transfer them to another TI-83 Plus.
1. On the home screen of the sending unit, press Q. Press to store 5.5 to Q. 2. Press y H y H y I y H y I y I y > 1. Press to store the matrix to [A]. 3. On the sending unit, press y L to display the MEMORY menu.

Communication Link

4. On the sending unit, press 2 to select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del. The MEMORY MANAGEMENT menu is displayed.
5. On the sending unit, press 5 to select 5:Matrix. The MATRIX editor screen is displayed. 6. On the sending unit, press to archive [A]. An asterisk ( ) will appear, signifying that [A] is now archived.

0:binompdf(

Function or Instruction/ Arguments c2cdf(lowerbound, upperbound,df)

c2.Test(observedmatrix,

expectedmatrix [,drawflag]) Circle(X,Y,radius)
Result Computes the c2 distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified degrees of freedom df. Computes the probability density function (pdf) for the c2 distribution at a specified x value for the specified degrees of freedom df. Performs a chi-square test. drawflag=1 draws results; drawflag=0 calculates results. Draws a circle with center (X,Y) and radius. Clears the contents of the Last Entry storage area. Sets to 0 the dimension of all lists in memory. Clears all drawn elements from a graph or drawing. Clears the home screen.
Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item y=

7:c2cdf( y=

6:c2pdf(

C:c2-Test( y<

9:Circle( yL

MEMORY

3:Clear Entries yL

ClrDraw

4:ClrAllLists y<

ClrHome

1:ClrDraw

8:ClrHome

Function or Instruction/ Arguments ClrList listname1 [,listname2,., listname n] ClrTable
Result Sets to 0 the dimension of one or more listnames. Clears all values from the table.

4:ClrList

conj(value)
Connected CoordOff CoordOn cos(value) cosL1(value) cosh(value) coshL1(value) CubicReg [Xlistname, Ylistname,freqlist, regequ]
Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number or list of complex numbers. Sets connected plotting mode; resets all Y= editor graph-style settings to . Turns off cursor coordinate value display. Turns on cursor coordinate value display. Returns cosine of a real number, expression, or list. Returns arccosine of a real number, expression, or list. Returns hyperbolic cosine of a real number, expression, or list. Returns hyperbolic arccosine of a real number, expression, or list. Fits a cubic regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency freqlist, and stores the regression equation to regequ.

9:ClrTable

1:conj( z Connected y. CoordOff y. CoordOn y@ yN cosh( yN coshL1(

6:CubicReg

Function or Instruction/ Arguments cumSum(list)

value4Dec

Degree DelVar variable
Result Returns a list of the cumulative sums of the elements in list, starting with the first element. Returns a matrix of the cumulative sums of matrix elements. Each element in the returned matrix is a cumulative sum of a matrix column from top to bottom. Calculates the number of days between date1 and date2 using the actual-day-count method. Displays a real or complex number, expression, list, or matrix in decimal format. Sets degree angle mode. Deletes from memory the contents of variable. Sets table to ask for dependentvariable values. Sets table to generate dependentvariable values automatically. Returns determinant of matrix.

Result Moves the specified variables from the user data archive memory to RAM. To archive variables, use Archive. Sets sequence graphs to plot u(n) on the x-axis and v(n) on the y-axis. Sets sequence graphs to plot u(n) on the x-axis and w(n) on the y-axis. Performs one-variable analysis on the data in Xlistname with frequency freqlist. Performs two-variable analysis on the data in Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency freqlist. Returns the variance of the elements in list with frequency freqlist. Draws a vertical line at x.
Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item yL 6:UnArchive

y. uv y. uw

1:1-Var Stats

2:2-Var Stats y9

8:variance( y<
vwAxes Web :While condition :commands :End :command
Sets sequence graphs to plot v(n) on the x-axis and w(n) on the y-axis. Sets sequence graphs to trace as webs. Executes commands while condition is true.

4:Vertical y. vw y. Web

5:While
Function or Instruction/ Arguments valueA xor valueB

ZDecimal

ZInterval s[,listname, freqlist,confidence level] (Data list input) ZInterval s,v,n [,confidence level] (Summary stats input) Zoom In
Result Returns 1 if only valueA or valueB = 0. valueA and valueB can be real numbers, expressions, or lists. Displays a graph, lets you draw a box that defines a new viewing window, and updates the window. Adjusts the viewing window so that @X=0.1 and @Y=0.1, and displays the graph screen with the origin centered on the screen. Redefines the viewing window using these dimensions: Xscl=10 @X=1 Yscl=10 @Y=1 Computes a z confidence interval.
Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item y:

3:xor q

1:ZBox q

4:ZDecimal q

8:ZInteger
Computes a z confidence interval.

7:ZInterval

Magnifies the part of the graph that surrounds the cursor location. Displays a greater portion of the graph, centered on the cursor location.

7:ZInterval q

Zoom Out

2:Zoom In q

3:Zoom Out
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ZoomFit
Result Recalculates Ymin and Ymax to include the minimum and maximum Y values, between Xmin and Xmax, of the selected functions and replots the functions. Graphs the selected functions in a user-defined viewing window. Redefines the viewing window so that all statistical data points are displayed. Immediately stores the current viewing window. Replots the graph using the window variables of the graph that was displayed before you executed the last ZOOM instruction. Adjusts the X or Y window settings so that each pixel represents an equal width and height in the coordinate system, and updates the viewing window. Replots the functions immediately, updating the window variables to the default values.

Tables and Reference Information 719
The variables below are reserved for use by the TI-83 Plus. You cannot store to them. n, v, Sx, sx, minX, maxX, Gy, Gy2, Gxy, a, b, c, RegEQ, x1, x2, y1, z, t, F, c2, , v1, Sx1, n1, lower, upper, r2, R2 and other statistical variables.

Statistics Formulas

This section contains statistics formulas for the Logistic and SinReg regressions, ANOVA, 2.SampTest, and 2.SampTTest. Logistic The logistic regression algorithm applies nonlinear recursive leastsquares techniques to optimize the following cost function:
N c 2 yi J = bxi i =+ ae
which is the sum of the squares of the residual errors, where: x = the independent variable list y = the dependent variable list N = the dimension of the lists
This technique attempts to estimate the constants a, b, and c recursively to make J as small as possible.
SinReg The sine regression algorithm applies nonlinear recursive least-squares techniques to optimize the following cost function: J = [a sin(bxi + c ) + d yi ]

i =1 N 2

This technique attempts to recursively estimate the constants a, b, c, and d to make J as small as possible. ANOVA( The ANOVA statistic is: = Factor MS Error MS
The mean squares (MS) that make up are: Factor MS = Factor SS Factor df

Error MS =

Error SS Errordf
The sum of squares (SS) that make up the mean squares are: Factor SS = ni ( x i x )2

i =1 I

Error SS = ( ni 1) Sxi 2
The degrees of freedom df that make up the mean squares are: Factordf = I 1 = numeratordf for Error df = ( ni 1) = denominator df for

where:

I = = Sxi = ni = x =
number of populations the mean of each list the standard deviation of each list the length of each list the mean of all lists
2.SampTest Below is the definition for the 2.SampTest. Sx1, Sx2 = Sample standard deviations having n1-1 and n2-1 degrees of freedom df, respectively. Sx= -statistic = Sx 2 df(x, n1-1, n2-1) = pdf( ) with degrees of freedom df, n1-1, and n2-1 p = reported p value
2.SampTest for the alternative hypothesis s 1 > s 2. p=

F f ( x, n1 1, n2 1)dx

2.SampTest for the alternative hypothesis s 1 < s 2. p=

0 f ( x, n1 1, n2 1)dx

2.SampTest for the alternative hypothesis s 1 s 2. Limits must satisfy the following: p = 2

f ( x, n1 1, n 2 1)dx =

f ( x, n1 1, n2 1)dx
where: [Lbnd,Ubnd] = lower and upper limits The -statistic is used as the bound producing the smallest integral. The remaining bound is selected to achieve the preceding integrals equality relationship.
2.SampTTest The following is the definition for the 2.SampTTest. The two-sample t statistic with degrees of freedom df is: t= x1 x 2 S

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