POWER AMPLIFIER

Owners Manual Mode demploi Bedienungsanleitung Manual de instruccines
A TEMP PROTECTION POWER 6 40

ON OFF

CLIP SIGNAL 25 30

B 15 10

dB 0 3

EEEngine

Introduction
Thank you for purchasing a Yamaha P4500/3200/1600 series power amplifier.
Main features of the P4500/P3200/P1600 series Three types of input jack (balanced XLR type connectors, balanced phone jacks, and barrier strip), and five-way binding post output jacks are provided, allowing use in a wide variety of situations including installed applications. Three operating modes are provided: STEREO mode in which CHANNEL A and B operate independently, PARALLEL mode in which a mono source is output by two amp systems, and BRIDGE mode in which the unit operates as a single high-power amplifier. A SIGNAL indicator and CLIP indicator is provided for each channel. The PROTECTION indicator shows the status of protective circuitry such as power-on/off protection, output muting, and the DC detection circuit. The TEMP indicator warns of heat sink overheating. Variable-speed low-noise fan(s) ensures high reliability even under demanding conditions. This owner's manual covers the three models P4500, P3200 and P1600. In order to take full advantage of your power amp and enjoy long and trouble-free operation, please read this owner's manual carefully before use.
IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM
Connecting the Plug and Cord
WARNING: THIS APPARATUS MUST BE EARTHED IMPORTANT: The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accordance with the following code: GREEN-AND-YELLOW BLUE BROWN : EARTH : NEUTRAL : LIVE
As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows: The wire which is coloured GREEN and YELLOW must be connected to the terminal in the plug which is marked by the letter E or by the safety earth symbol or coloured GREEN and YELLOW. The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK. The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED. * This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA KEMBLE MUSIC (U.K.) LTD.

English

This series of audio amps was developed from Yamaha's wealth of experience in building PA equipment and its tradition of careful attention to every detail of circuit design. These amps feature high power and superb quality together with superior reliability and stability, guaranteeing the highest possible audio performance.

Precautions

1. Avoid excessive heat, humidity, dust and vibration. Keep the unit away from locations where it is likely to be exposed to high temperatures or humidity such as near radiators, stoves, etc. Also avoid locations which are subject to excessive dust accumulation or vibration which could cause mechanical damage. 2. Ventilation Allow a distance of 10 cm between the unit and the wall so that heat generated from the unit will be released effectively. Also, allow enough space between the unit and other devices. If you mount the unit in an audio rack, keep a space of 10 cm on the top panel, and a space of 1 cm to the side panel. Remove the rear panel of the rack or open a vent hole. If heat release is inadequate, the unit will retain heat inside the unit, which may cause a fire. 3. Avoid physical shocks. Strong physical shocks to the unit can cause damage. Handle it with care. 4. Do not open the case or attempt repairs or modifications yourself. This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Refer all maintenance to qualified Yamaha service personnel. Opening the case and/or tampering with the internal circuitry will void the warranty. 5. Make sure power is off before making or removing connections. Always turn the power OFF prior to connecting or disconnecting cables. This is important to prevent damage to the unit itself as well as other connected equipment. 6. Handle cables carefully. Always plug and unplug cables including the AC cord by gripping the connector, not the cord. 7. Clean with a soft dry cloth. Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to clean the unit. Wipe clean with a soft, dry cloth. 8. Always use the correct power supply. Make sure that the power supply voltage specified on the rear panel matches your local AC mains supply. Also make sure that the AC mains supply can deliver more than enough current to handle all equipment used in your system.

Contents

Controls and Functions... 2 Front Panel... 2 Rear Panel... 3 Modes: STEREO/PARALLEL/BRIDGE.. 4 SPEAKER IMPEDANCE.. 4 Caution for Speaker Connection.. 5 Rack Mounting... 6 Mounting in an EIA standard rack.. 6 Mounting four or fewer amps in an open-backed rack. 6 Mounting five or more amps, or when (even with four or fewer units) the back of the rack cannot be left open.. 6 Portable Rack Mounting.. 7 Positioning the Housed Amplifier... 7 Specifications... 8 General Specifications.. 8 Block Diagram... 9 Dimensions... 9 Performance Graphs... 10 Troubleshooting... 10

Controls and Functions

s Front Panel
1 POWER switch and indicator This is the main POWER switch. Press to power ON the amplifier. Press again to power OFF. The POWER indicator lights up when the amplifier is powered ON. 2 TEMP indicator When the temperature of the heat sink exceeds 85 degrees Celsius, this indicator will light red. 3 PROTECTION indicator This red LED indicator lights up for approximately 3 seconds when the amplifier is powered ON, indicating that the soft-start protection system is working. No sound is output during soft-start up. If one of the protection systems is activated during normal use, this indicator lights up and no sound is output. The speaker system is actually disconnected from the amplifier outputs when this indicator lights up. The protection systems are activated when overheating occurs or a DC voltage is present at the amplifier outputs. If the problem is corrected, the protection systems deactivate automatically, this indicator goes out, and normal amplifier operation is resumed.
4 CLIP indicators These red LED indicators light up when the respective channels output signal distortion exceeds 1% (i.e. clipping). Output signal clipping is usually due to excessive input signal levels. 5 SIGNAL indicators These green LED indicators light up when the respective channels output signal exceeds 2 Vrms. This is equivalent to 1/2 watt into 8, 1 W into 4. 6 Volume controls These volume controls allow you to adjust the volume level in 31 steps in the range between dB and 0 dB. To fix the volume setting by protecting the controls, install the included security cover over the controls and tighten the screws in the holes as shown below.

dB 15 10

s Rear Panel

CHANNEL B G CHANNEL A G

(BRIDGE) (PARALLEL)

BRIDGE

SPEAKERS

CHANNEL B CHANNEL A

(STEREO) 4-8/SP (BRIDGE) 8-16/SP STEREO BRIDGE

STEREO

PARALLEL
MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4 (STEREO) MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8 (BRIDGE)
1 INPUT terminals (CHANNEL A, B) Three types of balanced terminals for channels A and B are provided. Channel A input terminal is used in Bridge and Parallel mode. XLR-3-31 type connector They are wired pin 1ground, pin 2hot (+), and pin 3 cold (-).
3 SPEAKERS terminals For polarity in each mode, refer to the following diagram. STEREO, PARALLEL mode SPEAKERS

Ground

STEREO BRIDGE

BRIDGE mode SPEAKERS

Phone jack They are wired tiphot (+), ringcold (-), and sleeve ground.

Sleeve

Barrier strip Hot (+), Cold (-) and Ground (G). 2 STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL switch This slide switch is used to set the amplifier operating mode: STEREO, BRIDGE or PARALLEL. For details on the functionality of each mode, refer to Modes on page 4.
In BRIDGE mode, the (-) jacks of CHANNELS A and B are not used. The minimum impedance for the connected speaker system is specified in Speaker Impedance on page 4. 4 GND terminals This is the grounding screw terminal. If hum or noise occurs, ground (earth) the unit via this jack, or try connecting it to the chassis of the mixer or preamp, etc.
s Modes: STEREO/PARALLEL/BRIDGE
STEREO mode In this mode, channels A and B operate independently (as a conventional stereo amp). The CHANNEL A input signal will be output from the CHANNEL A output jacks, and the CHANNEL B input signal will be output from the CHANNEL B output jacks. PARALLEL mode In this mode, the CHANNEL A input signal will be output from the output jacks of both channels A and B. The CHANNEL B input jack is not used. The (channel) A and volumes can be adjusted independently. BRIDGE mode In this mode, the CHANNEL A input signal will be output from the BRIDGE output jacks. In this case, use the front panel (channel) A volume control to adjust the volume.

s SPEAKER IMPEDANCE

In STEREO and PARALLEL modes, the minimum load (=speaker) impedance is 4. In BRIDGE mode it is 8. Make sure that the impedance does not fall below this specified impedance.

STEREO mode connections

CHANNEL B

BRIDGE mode connections

CHANNEL A

Set to STEREO

STEREO BRIDGE STEREO PARALLEL MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4 (STEREO) MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8 (BRIDGE)

Set to BRIDGE

4 min.

8 min. Speaker System

Speaker System
PARALLEL mode connections

Set to PARALLEL

Caution for Speaker Connection
1. Turn off the POWER switch. 2. Remove the cover attachment screw(s) and remove the protective cover from the speaker terminals. Speaker fuse The output capacity of your amplifier is very high: 460 W+460 W (8) in stereo and 1240 W (8) in monaural on the P4500; 340 W+340 W (8) in stereo and 880 W (8) in monaural on the P3200; 160 W+160 W (8) in stereo and 400 W (8) in monaural on the P1600. Be sure to use a speaker system that has sufficient input capacity. If the input capacity of your speaker system is lower than the rated output of the power amplifier, you can protect your speakers by connecting a fuse serially between the speaker and amplifier as shown below.
3. After removing approx. 10 mm of insulation from the ends of the speaker cables, pass the bare ends of the speaker wires through the holes in the corresponding speaker terminals and tighten the terminals to securely clamp the wires. Refer to page 3 for speaker porality.

Power amplifier _ + Fuse

Speaker system + _
Use the following formula to determine the fuse capacity according to the speakers input capacity.

Po = I R I = Po/R

At this time make sure that the bare ends of the speaker cables do not extend from the terminals in such a way that they touch the chassis.
P0 [W] : Speakers continuous input capacity (noise or RMS) R [] : Speakers nominal impedance I [A] : Required fuse capacity ex.) Speakers continuous input capacity : 100 W Speakers impedance : 8

I = 100/8

In this example, the required fuse capacity is calculated as 3.5 [A]. Speaker cable If you use a long speaker cable, use as thick a cable as possible to prevent deterioration of the damping factor or power loss inside the cable.
4. Reattach the protective cover over the speaker terminals.

Rack Mounting

s Mounting in an EIA standard rack
If multiple high-power amp units are mounted in a rack with poor ventilation, the heat from the amps will cause the interior of the amp to become very hot, causing the performance of the amps to be impaired. When mounting amps in a rack, you must make provision for ventilation so that the heat can escape. When mounting amps in a rack, please attach ventilation panels above and below the amp to allow air circulation. When doing so, it is necessary for 35% or more of the entire surface area of a 1U size panel to be open. Air circulation will be even better if the top surface of the rack has ventilation openings.

Ventilation panel

Yamaha provides an optional 1U-size ventilation panel VP1.

Unit: mm

s Mounting four or fewer amps in an open-backed rack
Install the ventilation panel above the amps, as shown in the following figure.
Ventilation panel (attach to the front or rear of the rack)
s Mounting five or more amps, or when (even with four or fewer units) the back of the rack cannot be left open
Install ventilation panels above and below each amp, as shown in the following figure.

A TEMP 15 10

CLIP SIGNAL

PROTECTION POWER 25 30

s Portable Rack Mounting
The amplifier intakes cool air through the front panel and exhausts warm air out the rear panel. When mounting amplifiers in a portable rack, make sure the rear panel is completely open for ventilation.

(Side View)

Front Air intake Air exhaust

(Rear View)

Completely open
s Positioning the Housed Amplifier
Place the case so that the ventilation airflow paths are not blocked.

Front Less than 10 cm

Specifications

s General Specifications

P4500 Power Output Level (Rated Power) 20 Hz~20 kHz 0.05% 1 kHz 0.05% 1 kHz, 20 ms, no clip Power Bandwidth Total Harmonic Distortion (THD + N) 20 Hz~20 kHz, Half Power Frequency Response Intermodulation distortion (IMD) 7 kHz: 60 Hz, 1: 4, Half Power Damping factor Input Impedance Residual Noise SN Ratio Vol. min. 12.7 kHz LPF IHF-A network 12.7 kHz LPF IHF-A network 4~8/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 1 kHz, 8 8/STEREO 4/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 8/STEREO 4/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 2/STEREO Half Power, 0.1% 4~8/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 460 W + 460 W 620 W + 620 W 1240 W 520 W + 520 W 720 W + 720 W 1440 W 1300 W + 1300 W 10 Hz~40 kHz 0.05% 10 Hz~50 kHz, +0, 1 dB 0.05% k/Balance, 15 k/Unbalanced 80 dB 105 dB 104 dB 101 dB PW + 340 W 440 W + 440 W 880 W 370 W + 370 W 520 W + 520 W 1040 W 950 W + 950 W PW + 160 W 200 W + 200 W 400 W 175 W + 175 W 230 W + 230 W 460 W 350 W + 350 W

Input 600 shunt

Channel Separation Slew Rate 8 full swing Voltage Gain (Vol. max.) Controls
Half Power, 8, Vol. max. input 600 shunt STEREO BRIDGE
65 dB, 20 Hz~20 kHz 75 dB, 1 kHz >30 V/ sec >50 V/ sec +5.7 dB 32.1 dB +4.2 dB +1.2 dB
Sensitivity (Vol. max.) Rated Power into 8 Front Panel Rear Panel Connectors Input
POWER switch (Push on/Push off) Volume (31 position dB calibrated) Mode switch (STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL) Barrier strip terminal XLR-3-31 type 1/4-inch phone jack (balanced) 5-way binding posts (heatsink temp 85C) POWER switch ON/OFF, Muting, DC detection TEMP (heatsink temp 95C) RL 1 Low speed (50C), Variable, High speed (70C)

Output Indicators POWER TEMP PROTECTION (mute) CLIP OUTPUT SIGNAL
Protection Circuits PC limiter Fan Circuits Power Requirements United States & Canada Europe Other
120 V, 60 Hz 230 V, 50 Hz 240 V, 50 Hz 500 W/650 VA 16 kg Security cover Ventilation panel: VPW/500 VA 15 kg 200 W/250 VA 12 kg 480 103.mm
Power Consumption Dimensions (W H D) Weight Accessories Options
0 dB=0.775 Vrms, Half Power=1/2 Power Output Level (Rated Power) Specifications subject to change without notice.

s Block Diagram

SIGNAL Ach Power Amp CHANNEL A A CHANNEL A (BRIDGE) (PARALLEL) CLIP G INPUT G Temperature Sensor (Heat Sink) CLIP CHANNEL B PARALLEL BRIDGE STEREO Bch Power Amp CHANNEL B PC Limiter SIGNAL Protection Circuit PROTECTION TEMP PC Limiter

s Dimensions

26 61.2 D:455 4.4 H:103.5

s Performance Graphs

Mode:STEREO Both ch Driven RL=4, f=1kHz

Power Consumption [W]

100 1k

Output Power [W]

Troubleshooting
The following table lists the main causes of abnormal operation and the corrective measures required, as well as the protective circuit operation in each case.
Indicator Probable Cause There is a short at a speaker terminal, amplifier terminal, or wire. The amplifier load is excessive. The heat sink temperature has exceed 85C. Remedy Locate and correct the cause of the short. Use a speaker system with an impedance of at least 4 (stereo) or 8 (bridge). Check the ventilation slots, and improve the airflow around the amplifier. Check the amplifier ventilation conditions and take appropriate measures to improve airflow around the amplifier. Consult your dealer or nearest Yamaha service center. Protection Circuit

CLIP indicator lights.

The PC limiter circuit operates to protect the power transistors.

TEMP indicator lights.

Warning by the TEMP indicator.
The heat sink temperature has exceeded 95C. PROTECTION indicator lights.
The thermal protection circuit operates to protect the power transistors.
A DC voltage of +/2 V or greater was generated in the power amplifiers output circuit.
The relay operates to protect the speaker system.

POWER AMPLIFIER

Owner's Manual Mode d'emploi Bedienungsanleitung Manual de instruccines
A TEMP PROTECTION POWER 6 40

ON OFF

CLIP SIGNAL 25 30

B 15 10

dB 0 3

EEEngine

Introduction
Thank you for purchasing a Yamaha P4500/3200/1600 series power amplifier.
Main features of the P4500/P3200/P1600 series Three types of input jack (balanced XLR type connectors, balanced phone jacks, and barrier strip), and five-way binding post output jacks are provided, allowing use in a wide variety of situations including installed applications. Three operating modes are provided: STEREO mode in which CHANNEL A and B operate independently, PARALLEL mode in which a mono source is output by two amp systems, and BRIDGE mode in which the unit operates as a single high-power amplifier. A SIGNAL indicator and CLIP indicator is provided for each channel. The PROTECTION indicator shows the status of protective circuitry such as power-on/off protection, output muting, and the DC detection circuit. The TEMP indicator warns of heat sink overheating. Variable-speed low-noise fan(s) ensures high reliability even under demanding conditions. This owner's manual covers the three models P4500, P3200 and P1600. In order to take full advantage of your power amp and enjoy long and trouble-free operation, please read this owner's manual carefully before use.
IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM
Connecting the Plug and Cord
WARNING: THIS APPARATUS MUST BE EARTHED IMPORTANT: The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accordance with the following code: GREEN-AND-YELLOW BLUE BROWN : EARTH : NEUTRAL : LIVE
As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows: The wire which is coloured GREEN and YELLOW must be connected to the terminal in the plug which is marked by the letter E or by the safety earth symbol or coloured GREEN and YELLOW. The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK. The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED. * This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA KEMBLE MUSIC (U.K.) LTD.

English

This series of audio amps was developed from Yamaha's wealth of experience in building PA equipment and its tradition of careful attention to every detail of circuit design. These amps feature high power and superb quality together with superior reliability and stability, guaranteeing the highest possible audio performance.

Precautions

1. Avoid excessive heat, humidity, dust and vibration. Keep the unit away from locations where it is likely to be exposed to high temperatures or humidity such as near radiators, stoves, etc. Also avoid locations which are subject to excessive dust accumulation or vibration which could cause mechanical damage. 2. Ventilation Allow a distance of 10 cm between the unit and the wall so that heat generated from the unit will be released effectively. Also, allow enough space between the unit and other devices. If you mount the unit in an audio rack, keep a space of 10 cm on the top panel, and a space of 1 cm to the side panel. Remove the rear panel of the rack or open a vent hole. If heat release is inadequate, the unit will retain heat inside the unit, which may cause a fire. 3. Avoid physical shocks. Strong physical shocks to the unit can cause damage. Handle it with care. 4. Do not open the case or attempt repairs or modifications yourself. This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Refer all maintenance to qualified Yamaha service personnel. Opening the case and/or tampering with the internal circuitry will void the warranty. 5. Make sure power is off before making or removing connections. Always turn the power OFF prior to connecting or disconnecting cables. This is important to prevent damage to the unit itself as well as other connected equipment. 6. Handle cables carefully. Always plug and unplug cables including the AC cord by gripping the connector, not the cord. 7. Clean with a soft dry cloth. Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to clean the unit. Wipe clean with a soft, dry cloth. 8. Always use the correct power supply. Make sure that the power supply voltage specified on the rear panel matches your local AC mains supply. Also make sure that the AC mains supply can deliver more than enough current to handle all equipment used in your system.

Contents

Controls and Functions... 2 Front Panel... 2 Rear Panel... 3 Modes: STEREO/PARALLEL/BRIDGE.. 4 SPEAKER IMPEDANCE.. 4 Caution for Speaker Connection.. 5 Rack Mounting... 6 Mounting in an EIA standard rack.. 6 Mounting four or fewer amps in an open-backed rack. 6 Mounting five or more amps, or when (even with four or fewer units) the back of the rack cannot be left open.. 6 Portable Rack Mounting.. 7 Positioning the Housed Amplifier... 7 Specifications... 8 General Specifications.. 8 Block Diagram... 9 Dimensions... 9 Performance Graphs... 10 Troubleshooting... 10

Controls and Functions

s Front Panel
1 POWER switch and indicator This is the main POWER switch. Press to power ON the amplifier. Press again to power OFF. The POWER indicator lights up when the amplifier is powered ON. 2 TEMP indicator When the temperature of the heat sink exceeds 85 degrees Celsius, this indicator will light red. 3 PROTECTION indicator This red LED indicator lights up for approximately 3 seconds when the amplifier is powered ON, indicating that the soft-start protection system is working. No sound is output during soft-start up. If one of the protection systems is activated during normal use, this indicator lights up and no sound is output. The speaker system is actually disconnected from the amplifier outputs when this indicator lights up. The protection systems are activated when overheating occurs or a DC voltage is present at the amplifier outputs. If the problem is corrected, the protection systems deactivate automatically, this indicator goes out, and normal amplifier operation is resumed.
4 CLIP indicators These red LED indicators light up when the respective channels output signal distortion exceeds 1% (i.e. clipping). Output signal clipping is usually due to excessive input signal levels. 5 SIGNAL indicators These green LED indicators light up when the respective channels output signal exceeds 2 Vrms. This is equivalent to 1/2 watt into 8, 1 W into 4. 6 Volume controls These volume controls allow you to adjust the volume level in 31 steps in the range between dB and 0 dB. To fix the volume setting by protecting the controls, install the included security cover over the controls and tighten the screws in the holes as shown below.

dB 15 10

s Rear Panel

CHANNEL B G CHANNEL A G

(BRIDGE) (PARALLEL)

BRIDGE

SPEAKERS

CHANNEL B CHANNEL A

(STEREO) 4-8/SP (BRIDGE) 8-16/SP STEREO BRIDGE

STEREO

PARALLEL
MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4 (STEREO) MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8 (BRIDGE)
1 INPUT terminals (CHANNEL A, B) Three types of balanced terminals for channels A and B are provided. Channel A input terminal is used in Bridge and Parallel mode. XLR-3-31 type connector They are wired pin 1ground, pin 2hot (+), and pin 3 cold (-).
3 SPEAKERS terminals For polarity in each mode, refer to the following diagram. STEREO, PARALLEL mode SPEAKERS

Ground

STEREO BRIDGE

BRIDGE mode SPEAKERS

Phone jack They are wired tiphot (+), ringcold (-), and sleeve ground.

Sleeve

Barrier strip Hot (+), Cold (-) and Ground (G). 2 STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL switch This slide switch is used to set the amplifier operating mode: STEREO, BRIDGE or PARALLEL. For details on the functionality of each mode, refer to Modes on page 4.
In BRIDGE mode, the (-) jacks of CHANNELS A and B are not used. The minimum impedance for the connected speaker system is specified in Speaker Impedance on page 4. 4 GND terminals This is the grounding screw terminal. If hum or noise occurs, ground (earth) the unit via this jack, or try connecting it to the chassis of the mixer or preamp, etc.
s Modes: STEREO/PARALLEL/BRIDGE
STEREO mode In this mode, channels A and B operate independently (as a conventional stereo amp). The CHANNEL A input signal will be output from the CHANNEL A output jacks, and the CHANNEL B input signal will be output from the CHANNEL B output jacks. PARALLEL mode In this mode, the CHANNEL A input signal will be output from the output jacks of both channels A and B. The CHANNEL B input jack is not used. The (channel) A and volumes can be adjusted independently. BRIDGE mode In this mode, the CHANNEL A input signal will be output from the BRIDGE output jacks. In this case, use the front panel (channel) A volume control to adjust the volume.

s SPEAKER IMPEDANCE

In STEREO and PARALLEL modes, the minimum load (=speaker) impedance is 4. In BRIDGE mode it is 8. Make sure that the impedance does not fall below this specified impedance.

STEREO mode connections

CHANNEL B

BRIDGE mode connections

CHANNEL A

Set to STEREO

STEREO BRIDGE STEREO PARALLEL MAX. OUTPUT 450W/4 (STEREO) MAX. OUTPUT 900W/8 (BRIDGE)

Set to BRIDGE

4 min.

8 min. Speaker System

Speaker System
PARALLEL mode connections

Set to PARALLEL

Caution for Speaker Connection
1. Turn off the POWER switch. 2. Remove the cover attachment screw(s) and remove the protective cover from the speaker terminals. Speaker fuse The output capacity of your amplifier is very high: 460 W+460 W (8) in stereo and 1240 W (8) in monaural on the P4500; 340 W+340 W (8) in stereo and 880 W (8) in monaural on the P3200; 160 W+160 W (8) in stereo and 400 W (8) in monaural on the P1600. Be sure to use a speaker system that has sufficient input capacity. If the input capacity of your speaker system is lower than the rated output of the power amplifier, you can protect your speakers by connecting a fuse serially between the speaker and amplifier as shown below.
3. After removing approx. 10 mm of insulation from the ends of the speaker cables, pass the bare ends of the speaker wires through the holes in the corresponding speaker terminals and tighten the terminals to securely clamp the wires. Refer to page 3 for speaker porality.

Power amplifier _ + Fuse

Speaker system + _
Use the following formula to determine the fuse capacity according to the speakers input capacity.

Po = I R I = Po/R

At this time make sure that the bare ends of the speaker cables do not extend from the terminals in such a way that they touch the chassis.
P0 [W] : Speakers continuous input capacity (noise or RMS) R [] : Speakers nominal impedance I [A] : Required fuse capacity ex.) Speakers continuous input capacity : 100 W Speakers impedance : 8

I = 100/8

In this example, the required fuse capacity is calculated as 3.5 [A]. Speaker cable If you use a long speaker cable, use as thick a cable as possible to prevent deterioration of the damping factor or power loss inside the cable.
4. Reattach the protective cover over the speaker terminals.

Rack Mounting

s Mounting in an EIA standard rack
If multiple high-power amp units are mounted in a rack with poor ventilation, the heat from the amps will cause the interior of the amp to become very hot, causing the performance of the amps to be impaired. When mounting amps in a rack, you must make provision for ventilation so that the heat can escape. When mounting amps in a rack, please attach ventilation panels above and below the amp to allow air circulation. When doing so, it is necessary for 35% or more of the entire surface area of a 1U size panel to be open. Air circulation will be even better if the top surface of the rack has ventilation openings.

Ventilation panel

Yamaha provides an optional 1U-size ventilation panel VP1.

Unit: mm

s Mounting four or fewer amps in an open-backed rack

Install the ventilation panel above the amps, as shown in the following figure.
Ventilation panel (attach to the front or rear of the rack)
s Mounting five or more amps, or when (even with four or fewer units) the back of the rack cannot be left open
Install ventilation panels above and below each amp, as shown in the following figure.

A TEMP 15 10

CLIP SIGNAL

PROTECTION POWER 25 30

s Portable Rack Mounting
The amplifier intakes cool air through the front panel and exhausts warm air out the rear panel. When mounting amplifiers in a portable rack, make sure the rear panel is completely open for ventilation.

(Side View)

Front Air intake Air exhaust

(Rear View)

Completely open
s Positioning the Housed Amplifier
Place the case so that the ventilation airflow paths are not blocked.

Front Less than 10 cm

Specifications

s General Specifications

P4500 Power Output Level (Rated Power) 20 Hz~20 kHz 0.05% 1 kHz 0.05% 1 kHz, 20 ms, no clip Power Bandwidth Total Harmonic Distortion (THD + N) 20 Hz~20 kHz, Half Power Frequency Response Intermodulation distortion (IMD) 7 kHz: 60 Hz, 1: 4, Half Power Damping factor Input Impedance Residual Noise SN Ratio Vol. min. 12.7 kHz LPF IHF-A network 12.7 kHz LPF IHF-A network 4~8/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 1 kHz, 8 8/STEREO 4/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 8/STEREO 4/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 2/STEREO Half Power, 0.1% 4~8/STEREO 8/BRIDGE 460 W + 460 W 620 W + 620 W 1240 W 520 W + 520 W 720 W + 720 W 1440 W 1300 W + 1300 W 10 Hz~40 kHz 0.05% 10 Hz~50 kHz, +0, 1 dB 0.05% k/Balance, 15 k/Unbalanced 80 dB 105 dB 104 dB 101 dB PW + 340 W 440 W + 440 W 880 W 370 W + 370 W 520 W + 520 W 1040 W 950 W + 950 W PW + 160 W 200 W + 200 W 400 W 175 W + 175 W 230 W + 230 W 460 W 350 W + 350 W

Input 600 shunt

Channel Separation Slew Rate 8 full swing Voltage Gain (Vol. max.) Controls
Half Power, 8, Vol. max. input 600 shunt STEREO BRIDGE
65 dB, 20 Hz~20 kHz 75 dB, 1 kHz >30 V/ sec >50 V/ sec +5.7 dB 32.1 dB +4.2 dB +1.2 dB
Sensitivity (Vol. max.) Rated Power into 8 Front Panel Rear Panel Connectors Input

POWER switch (Push on/Push off) Volume (31 position dB calibrated) Mode switch (STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL) Barrier strip terminal XLR-3-31 type 1/4-inch phone jack (balanced) 5-way binding posts (heatsink temp 85C) POWER switch ON/OFF, Muting, DC detection TEMP (heatsink temp 95C) RL 1 Low speed (50C), Variable, High speed (70C)
Output Indicators POWER TEMP PROTECTION (mute) CLIP OUTPUT SIGNAL
Protection Circuits PC limiter Fan Circuits Power Requirements United States & Canada Europe Other
120 V, 60 Hz 230 V, 50 Hz 240 V, 50 Hz 500 W/650 VA 16 kg Security cover Ventilation panel: VPW/500 VA 15 kg 200 W/250 VA 12 kg 480 103.mm
Power Consumption Dimensions (W H D) Weight Accessories Options
0 dB=0.775 Vrms, Half Power=1/2 Power Output Level (Rated Power) Specifications subject to change without notice.

s Block Diagram

SIGNAL Ach Power Amp CHANNEL A A CHANNEL A (BRIDGE) (PARALLEL) CLIP G INPUT G Temperature Sensor (Heat Sink) CLIP CHANNEL B PARALLEL BRIDGE STEREO Bch Power Amp CHANNEL B PC Limiter SIGNAL Protection Circuit PROTECTION TEMP PC Limiter

s Dimensions

26 61.2 D:455 4.4 H:103.5

s Performance Graphs

Mode:STEREO Both ch Driven RL=4, f=1kHz

Power Consumption [W]

100 1k

Output Power [W]

Troubleshooting
The following table lists the main causes of abnormal operation and the corrective measures required, as well as the protective circuit operation in each case.
Indicator Probable Cause There is a short at a speaker terminal, amplifier terminal, or wire. The amplifier load is excessive. The heat sink temperature has exceed 85C. Remedy Locate and correct the cause of the short. Use a speaker system with an impedance of at least 4 (stereo) or 8 (bridge). Check the ventilation slots, and improve the airflow around the amplifier. Check the amplifier ventilation conditions and take appropriate measures to improve airflow around the amplifier. Consult your dealer or nearest Yamaha service center. Protection Circuit

CLIP indicator lights.

The PC limiter circuit operates to protect the power transistors.