Preface
This in-depth manual for the TS-480 was written by the engineers who actually planned and designed the product. It is our hope that this guide will serve to convey the joys of HF and all the benefits of owning and using the TS-480 to whoever reads this guide whether you have already purchased a TS-480, an accomplished operator, thinking of buying a transceiver, or just thinking of taking up Amateur Radio as a hobby. We believe the TS-480 will appeal to everyone.

CONTENTS

Design Objectives 2 Development Objectives for the TS-480 Series 5 Circuitry 7 TX circuits 7 RX circuitry 13 Auxiliary Features 19 Features of the Built-in DSP 21 Tips28 Structural Features 36 New Option: Voice Guide & Storage Unit (VGS-1) 42 New Option: ARCP-480 (Freeware) 45 New Option: ARHP-10 (Freeware) 51

TS-480HX TS-480SAT

200W output (HF: 200W50MHz: 100W) 100W output (HF: 100W 50MHz: 100W built-in automatic antenna tuner)

Design Objectives

Determination to create a unique transceiver
The concept of a compact HF transceiver first saw the light of day with Kenwoods TS-50. From then on, such equipment has become an essential part of the Amateur Radio world. Equipment has now evolved with the appearance of multi-band models. In developing this new HF transceiver, Kenwood has boldly chosen not to follow this path, because we wanted to develop a transceiver unlike any other available. If we had developed a product along the same lines as the others currently in the market, the customers would not have found it a very attractive buy and few would choose it. This is why we wanted to develop a unique and attractive Kenwood product, something that would effectively serve to create a new market. It was with these thoughts that we embarked on our new project and began to mull over the details. It was not to be an easy task. After all, every engineer involved in development wants to create something special and innovative. We had to find a way to put it into practice.
Back to basics: The appeal of HF lies in DXing.
The search for a completely new kind of transceiver sounds like it might turn out to be a wild goose chase, and in truth it is in the nature of things that such ideas rarely amount to much. But as part of our brainstorming, we went back to basics. What first emerged as a key concept was this: The appeal of HF lies in DXing. This is simple to say, but maybe more difficult to realize. From here the discussion moved ahead rapidly once it was decided to develop a compact HF transceiver. According to conventional wisdom, a compact HF transceiver is by definition a mobile transceiver, and a fixed, base station is physically large. But we refused to stick to these stereotypes as we fleshed out the concept for a compact HF transceiver designed to make DXing really enjoyable. Even if it were to be a mobile unit, as an HF transceiver we wanted to ensure it would offer the operating ease and basic performance needed to enjoy DXing. Consequently, it should also be able to serve as a fixed station. The typical shack today has been equipped with a computer and there is not a great deal of room available for a large transceiver. This PC-transceiver combination would become even more common. Operating both as a mobile and as a fixed station, this new model would target customers dissatisfied with the compact transceivers currently on the market. This was the concept that we started with.

Standalone control panel

For mobile operations, a separate control panel is ideal, but what if the transceiver is also to be used as a base station? This was the problem we faced. With a large desktop rig, it is no easy matter to shift things around to find the best position, so perhaps it would be a good idea to have a separate control panel that could be moved easily. Also, a desktop unit has various kinds of cables connected to it. What with the heat the main unit produces and the noise of the fan, etc., and considering that it does not have to be on the desk in front of you, it would surely be better to separate the control panel and place the main unit elsewhere. With the appearance of computers in todays shacks, it is certainly desirable to tidy up the desktop as much as possible. We felt that we could contribute to this evolutionary process. By opting for a completely separate panel, we could ensure that it would be large enough to offer sufficient operating ease, since its dimensions would not be dictated by those of the compact main unit. This was how we arrived at the idea of a standalone control panel that is slightly larger than the main unit.

Focus on basic performance
The appeal of HF lies in DXing those places near and far. For this reason, we put a priority on operating ease and basic performance. At this point the project team had already excluded any idea of incorporating the V/UHF bands. Our approach was this: Rather than spending development money on the V/UHF bands, lets spend money on HF performance. If someone needs the V/UHF bands, then they can buy another product that is tailored for these bands. This meant we had confidence that our product would offer more than enough punch to perform well even on grueling DXpeditions.

The 200W challenge

As explained, our initial starting point was a desire to create a transceiver like no other. But we would not have succeeded in meeting this objective with just a standalone control panel and an emphasis on basic performance. We needed something more if we were to make the product truly special and stand out from the crowd. The answer was to be found in the realization that DX operations depend on basic performance and power. Real power in a transceiver is something that many people look for. So a radical proposal was made: Rather than making the output 100 watts, lets go all out for 200 watts! But in fact the only transceivers on the market with 200W output were the expensive high-end models. What we were developing was a compact transceiver. We seemed to have run up against a wall: Did this mean that in terms of size and cost we would inevitably end up creating a high-end transceiver? After long discussions, we made a straightforward decision to challenge the status quo: If conventional wisdom dictated that a 200W output was only available from a high-end transceiver, then we would change that dynamic. At this point we could not see how this could be possible, but we stuck to our conviction that a 200W transceiver did not have to be expensive. We were determined to provide the customer with a 200W transceiver at a reasonable price. As a result of our single-mindedness, we were eventually able to achieve our goal, creating a product of about the same size as the TS-50 and, of course, it had heavy-duty specs.
Adding appeal to fixed station operations
It is now increasingly common to see a PC sitting beside the transceiver in the shack, but we wanted to expand the interaction between computers and transceivers. It was with this in mind that Kenwood came up with the idea of an Internet remote-controlled transceiver. You may be away on a business trip, but you want to operate, or you may want to use a large Yagi antenna out in the suburbs from your downtown apartment. In these and many other ways, fixed station operations are becoming more varied and more difficult. However, laws governing radio transmissions vary from country to country. In Japan, we had just about resigned ourselves to the fact that this could only be implemented as an RX feature when fortunately the law changed: starting January 13, 2004, both TX and RX operations became possible. This made all our development work worthwhile for our market in Japan and worldwide.

The TS-480 concept began with development of the TS-570?
We first started looking in detail at the technical feasibility not of the 200W model but of the model with the internal antenna tuner. Today, there is nothing special about a built-in AT, but for the TS-570 we developed a relay-type AT. This replaced the previous motor-driven variable capacitor type of AT. Naturally this technology was used elsewhere and by other manufacturers, but if applied not to TX but to RX also, it is possible to use it for receiver front-end passive tuning. For transmission purposes, it is smaller than the conventional type of AT of the time, especially with regard to height, making it a good choice for building into a compact set. In 1996, when on a visit to the US to promote the TS-570 a local salesman asked whether we were next going to put an AT into the TS-50. Well, perhaps that was where the TS-480 got its start!
Achieving 200W output in a compact transceiver
In achieving our goal of 200W there was one major constraint namely, we could not raise the voltage of the power supply. The TS-480 Series was to be sold not only in Japan but internationally. If we had been looking only at our domestic market, things would have been different since the output of mobile transceivers here is limited to 50W, but conditions are different abroad, especially in the US. In the US, since there are no limitations on the output of either mobile or fixed stations, mobile transceivers in the several hundred watt class are not unusual. A common pattern for operations is not to hook up a 100W unit to a linear amp and mount a 200W fixed transceiver in a car. Moreover, the most common type of vehicle is a pickup with a 12V battery, so people expect to obtain a 200W output with a regular 13.8V power supply. If one thinks of the way people operate such transceivers here in Japan, a question arises: Why add that much power if it cannot be used as a mobile rig? The TS-480 has been designed with a priority on operating ease. One reason for this is that we saw the TS-480 being used as a fixed station in Japan, where 200W mobile operations are not permitted. Most 200W HF transceivers are high-end and their price reflects this. But in the workhorse class, most models offer only 100W output. So we can say that our new product can fulfill the wishes of those who have received an advanced permit and thus want a 200W rig as long as it is not expensive.

Focusing on HF

Raising power output and adding an antenna tuner are both moves in the right direction, but limiting the transceiver to the HF bands when the mainstream nowadays is HF~V/UHF would seem to be going against the tide of the times. Yet opting for the multi-band route inevitably leads to larger dimensions and higher prices. In this genre, price is an important factor, so by limiting the TS-480 to HF, we developed what is in fact a compact transceiver that stands apart from the competition. The TS-480 is designed to ensure not only excellent TX performance but also superior RX performance.

100W final section

Like the 200W final section, the 100W final section uses 2SC2782 transistors. The drive and peripheral circuits are virtually identical to those in the 200W model, enabling 100W output for the HF~50MHz bands. For the Japanese market, there are 50W and 10W (50MHz: 20W) models, allowing buyers to choose whichever best suits them that is, their license and their intended use (mobile or fixed). It should be pointed out that it is possible to increase the output of these models: the 50W model to 100W, and the 10W model to 50W or 100W. A TS-480 owner who acquires a more advanced license and wants to make use of this capability should go to the nearest service center. Note that it is not possible to upgrade to 200W output. Also, 50W mobile transceiver warranty certification is available for both 200W and 100W models used as fixed stations. Ever since the TS-570, Kenwood has adopted a method of converting transceivers to higher output specifications that does not require a kit. Conversion cannot be performed by the individual user, but because this method does not depend on finding stock of the appropriate kit it is proving popular.
Antenna tuner (TS-480SAT)
The 100W model is equipped with the relay-driven antenna tuner that was developed for the TS-570. Since there is no variable capacitor, gears or other rotating parts, this antenna tuner is very responsive and trouble-free. Thanks also to the several preset memories supplied for each band, you can instantly call up settings when moving up or down a band. You can see the 200W and 100W final sections in Figs. 4 and 5, respectively.
Fig. 4: 200W final section
Fig. 5: 100W final section with antenna tuner

FM circuit

There were two approaches used for the FM circuit of the conventional all-mode transceiver. Either there was a dedicated modulation circuit using a 10.695MHz crystal, or the modulation was performed by the VCO on the 2nd OSC. The latter was not an option for the TS-480, and since the whole transceiver had to be compact, we did not adopt the former approach. How then is FM handled by the TS-480? What we have employed for the TS-480 is something that is rarely seen these days in ham radios: the reactance modulation approach, which does not have the modulation applied directly to the oscillating circuit. This type of circuit was widely used in the days when a crystal was used to change channels in FM car transceivers, but it dropped from sight when PLL became the norm. It is not a new circuit, but it has excellent characteristics. In the TS-480, this reactance modulation circuit is connected to the output of the DDS, which serves as the source for the PLL reference frequency, so effectively it is modulating the 1st OSC. This approach offers several advantages: Since frequency modulation is not conducted in the TX signal circuitry, even if the TX RF signal is passed through a roofing filter, it will not suffer from any delay distortion caused by the filter; Since there is no need for an oscillator to perform modulation, one-shot frequency management is permitted when transmitting on FM with the same precision as SSB; This approach saves on space and cost. Fig. 6: FM modulation block diagram

RX circuitry

Front end
As explained in the section on development objectives, what distinguishes the TS-480 Series are incomparable features and performance that result from our focus on HF. Of special note are the dynamic range characteristics in the HF bands, demonstrating the fact that, despite the compact dimensions of this transceiver, there has been no design compromise. One of the circuits that is important in determining dynamic range is the first mixer. Now there are some compact transceivers covering HF~V/UHF that are designed to cover all frequency bands with a single mixer. Since HF~50MHz is the home turf for the TS-480 Series, it has an advantage as in regards to the operating conditions for the mixer. Since developing the TS-950, Kenwood has exclusively employed J-FET quad mixers, and the TS-480 is no exception. Fig.7 illustrates the mixer circuit. Fig. 7: RX 1st mixer
How well does it actually perform? Fig. 8 is a graph illustrating the dynamic range characteristics when changing the separation of two interfering signals. For the sake of reference, results for the TS-480 are plotted against those obtained using other compact mobile transceivers (on the market) under the same conditions. Fig. 8: RX dynamic range
Looking at Fig. 8, results higher up the graph indicate wider dynamic range. When the RX frequency is 14.100MHz, and for example there is simultaneous interference from two signals at 14.150MHz and 14.200MHz, with the nonlinearity of the RX section, spurious signals are generated at 14.100MHz and 14.250MHZ, enabling reception. Since the frequency separation at this point is 14.200MHz -14.150MHz = 50kHz, the +50.0KHz point on the horizontal axis of Fig. 8 corresponds to these conditions. Under these conditions, if there were interfering signals that were faintly picked up by the other transceivers in this comparison, the strength of those interfering signals would have to rise by 10~15dB for the TS-480 to begin suffering the same effects. When there is interference in close proximity to the RX frequency, there is no difference between these models, with one notable exception. In this area we are approaching the bandwidth of the roofing filter, so to put it another way, the fact that we can observe a difference between the transceivers at the +50kHz point where the interference is sufficiently eliminated by the roofing

The DNL works in SSB, CW, FSK and AM modes, and it can be used in conjunction with other interference reduction and noise elimination features.

Noise reduction

There are two methods available for noise reduction: NR1 and NR2. NR1 is a line enhancer that employs adaptive filter technology. By shaping a filter that lets through signals with a certain amount of periodicity, as with voice and CW, it can suppress noise that falls outside the passband. NR2 employs what is known as SPAC (speech processing by auto correlation) technology. What results from looping one cycle of the RX signals autocorrelation coefficient is then output as the received audio. What this means is that only periodic signals found in the received audio emerge. In principle this approach can result in a small amount of noise at the seam where the periodic signal is looped together, but in practice it proves extremely effective at noise compression. NR1 is a good choice for SSB and other audio signals, while NR2 is especially effective when used with single frequencies, as with a CW signal. Figs. 15~17 demonstrate the effect of applying NR1 and NR2. For comparison purposes, the same weak sine signal was received, with the audio output monitored by an FFT analyzer.

Fig. 15: NR OFF

Fig. 16: NR1 ON

Fig. 17: NR2 ON

Beat cancel
Beat cancel (BC), as its name implies, is designed to cancel unpleasant beat interference. Like NR1, it uses adaptive filter technology, tracking a beat and canceling it by shaping. It is very similar to a band elimination filter. Even if there are multiple beats, BC can track and cancel them all. However, since BC operates at the AF stage, should powerful beat interference be experienced during DX operations, even though beat cancel works properly, by then the AGC has already attenuated both the interference and the target signal. To combat this sort of beat, IF shift is used to eliminate the interference. Figs. 18 and 19 show how BC cancels beat signals, as monitored by an FFT analyzer. You can see how the three beats present in the signal are removed with almost surgical precision. Fig. 18: BC OFF

Fig. 19: BC ON

There are two methods available for beat cancellation: BC1 and BC2. These have been tuned so that BC1 is effective against weak or continuous beat interference, while BC2 cancels intermittent beat such as a CW Morse signal. (Note that since BC is designed to remove the beat, and does not function in CW mode.)

After completion of tuning, there is still approximately 10W of output, so this is useful if you want to go on to tune the linear amp. The internal antenna tuner can also be used during RX. Depending on conditions, sensitivity can vary by enough to see a change in the S-meter. It can also reduce low-frequency interference. If you own an AT-300, you can connect it to the TS-480; however, operation is limited by the capabilities of the AT-300. You can control the linear amp independently for the HF and 50MHz bands. And if the amp is not compatible with full break-in, you can add in a delay for the TX attack. With the VGS-1 Voice Guide and storage unit installed, you can engage constant record for the RX signal. Maximum playback time is 30 seconds. This is not just for contest CQ machines; it can be used as a simple beacon. Interval time can be adjusted up to a maximum of 60 seconds.

Message playback

Repeat playback of voice/CW messages Interval time for #31
Keying priority over playback CW RX pitch / TX sidetone frequency

FSK 43 FM 44

CW keying weight ratio Reverse CW keying auto weight ratio Bug key function Swap dot & dash paddle position Auto CW TX in SSB mode Define CW tune frequency FSK shift FSK keying polarity FSK tone frequency Mic gain for FM Filter bandwidth for data communications AF input level for data connector AF output level for data connector
Without switching off the repeat playback for messages, you can start keying. Select RX pitch frequency between 400Hz and 1000Hz. At the same time, sidetone frequency changes with the pitch frequency. This can be used to zero in on a target signal by matching the sidetone frequency with the RX beat. Change the dot/dash weight ratio. This is usually set to AUTO. You can change the AUTO setting for #35. Manual TX can be enabled for dashes only. Swap the paddle position to suit either right-handed or left-handed use. Automatically switch mode to CW transmission by simply operating the paddle. Useful if used in combination with #39, as there is no need to operate the dial to zero in on a target. Standard FSK operating parameters are covered by these menus.
You can adjust FM mic gain (3 levels) This enables you to pick the appropriate DSP filter for data communications using the filter switch on the control panel. Adjust input and output levels independently when the TS-480 is connected to a SoundBlaster card or other external device.
Data 45 communicat ions 46 47

PF keys

Assign PF keys on the control panel Mic PF1 key Mic PF2 key Mic PF3 key Mic PF4 key Split frequency transfer Permit to write #54 to target VFOs TX inhibit COM port communication speed DTS polarity

You can assign functions to the PF keys on the control panel as detailed in the separate table. You can assign functions to the PF keys on a multifunction mic as detailed in the separate table.
Split frequency transfer TX inhibit
Transfer modes/frequencies between compatible transceivers. Useful when one is being used as a slave receiver. Inhibits TX, which is useful if the transceiver is to be used for RX only as it prevents unintentional transmissions. Select 4800115200bps. In data communications this switches the logic for transmission. You should match polarity to the external device you are using. You can select BSY lockout to inhibit transmission when busy. Power can be switched off automatically in the absence of any operations. Select either the mic or the data input for VOX activation. Standby wiring may not be required provided that the method used is compatible with data communications. (Be careful to ensure correct TX delay.)
PC data rate 56 External devices TX inhibit APO 57
Busy lockout APO (auto power off) function Select input for VOX

VOX source 60

Functions that can be assigned to PF keys
Assigned function MENU #0060 Voice1 Voice2 RX monitor RX DSP monitor Main encoder lock SEND key TX tuning LSB/USB toggle CW/FSK toggle FM/AM toggle
Use The selected menu item can be called up directly, making this useful for menu functions that you often use. In addition to the automatic Voice Guide, you can have frequency and other displayed data read out when you press a PF key. S-meter reading is read out when you press a PF key. The squelch can be forced open for as long as the PF key is depressed. Useful for monitoring when setting CTCSS, etc. The TS-480 will receive using the widest passband available in that mode for as long as the PF key is depressed. This is a quick way to check on nearby interference. You can lock the main encoder. This prevents unintentional operation of the encoder when the transceiver is being used in a vehicle. There is no SEND key on the control panel, but this role can be assigned to a PF key. Irrespective of the current operating mode and power, this function allows you to transmit a continuous carrier at a fixed output. Useful for configuring external devices. Toggle between LSB and USB when LSB (USB) is displayed. Toggle between CW and FSK when CW (FSK) is displayed. Toggle between FM and AM when FM (AM) is displayed.
TF-SET Q MR Q MI SPLIT A/B M/V A=B SCAN M >V M.IN CW TUNE CH1 CH2 CH3 FINE CLR MTR MHz ANT 1/2 NB NR BC DNL OFF
You can assign a function you often use to a PF key on the mic. Also, a function defined by pressing the key for 1 second can be called up instantly. For example, if you find yourself frequently switching between antennas, you can save time if you assign a panel PF key to ANT 1/2.
No function is assigned to the PF key.
Making menus easier to use

Fig. 26: Cooling diagram Blue: Die-cast aluminum chassis Red: Heat flow from final transistors Brown: Circuit boards Gray: Air flow (from front panel on left)
As you can tell from this diagram, the cooling fans located at the rear must be powerful enough to be able to suck in fresh air through the intakes on the front panel. In order to make the TS-480 as compact as possible the mounting density of the internal components has been increased; for this reason, we decided to install a pair of powerful cooling fans so as to ensure a strong flow of air and the increased cooling efficiency that would result.
The TS-480HX is equipped with 4 final transistors (2 in the case of the SAT model), and the heat produced by these disperses through the die-cast aluminum chassis. In order to efficiently transfer this heat outside the transceiver, cooling fins are absolutely essential. We would like to provide as many of these fins as possible, but in fact on more than one occasion we have found that, owing to space limitations, we were not able to fit in the normal complement of cooling fins. In the case of the TS-480, in order to make the transceiver compact we provided a single row of tall, highly efficient cooling fins right above the final transistors. This compensated for the lack of cooling fins dictated by the design restrictions. Our decision to suspend the filter unit was made in order to fit in as many cooling fins as possible by packing in the components. Figs. 27~29 are photographs of the TH-480HX die-cast aluminum chassis. The final transistors are positioned on the four raised areas (circled) that can be seen in the middle of the chassis (underside). On the opposite side to the final transistors, running across the middle of the upper side of the chassis, can be seen a row of relatively tall, flat cooling fins.
Fig. 27: Upper side Fig. 28: Underside

Fig. 29: Fin

The air that is sucked in from the front is divided into two flows, one through the top of the chassis and the other through the bottom. The upper flow of air must pass through these high-efficiency cooling fins, absorbing the heat from them before it is expelled to the outside. These fins, which also serve as a partition between the TXRX unit and the filter unit, are set diagonally so as to offer a degree of shielding.
Now lets have a look at the rise in temperature of the different parts when the TS-480HX transmits continuously (14MHz) for 30 minutes at 200W. To provide a comparison, plotted on the same graph is test data compiled for a compact 100W model (designed so as not to power-down during continuous transmission at 100W). Fig. 30: Temperature rise around final transistors
Fig. 31: Temperature rise of die-cast aluminum chassis around GND terminal on rear
Fig. 32: Temperature rise measured at center of the upper case of the main unit

6. VFO mode, direct frequency entry Let us say you are operating at 7.033MHz and in VFO mode you press the PF key, the Voice Guide will announce VFO, A or B, and 7.033.00. If you use the key pad to input ENT, 2, 1, 1, 9, 5, ENT, you will hear each key announced Enter, 2, 1, point, 1, 9, 5, and finally Enter. On confirming with the Enter key, you will hear a beep to indicate T and then the input frequency will be read out. Note that in memory channel mode you can also specify channel number for frequency entry. 7. Memory channel Let us imagine that the last memory channel you used was 89. Selecting memory channel mode from VFO mode will cause the Voice Guide to announce Channel, 89 and the stored frequency. Selecting memory scroll mode from VFO mode will cause the Voice Guide to announce Memory in, the channel number, Blank if the channel is unused or the stored frequency if it is in use. To store a frequency in a memory channel, pick the desired channel and once again press QMI; you will hear a beep to indicate T and the data will be written to the memory channel. It will return to VFO mode when the write has been completed. With quick memory mode, you can call up a stored frequency with QMR and the Voice Guide will announce Quick Memory, the channel number and the stored frequency. 8. Variable Voice Guide speed With Menu #16 you can adjust the speed (5 levels) of the Voice Guide to suit your preference. The factory setting is level 1. Note that as the speed increases, the tone of the voice changes. 9. S-meter level By assigning the Voice2 function to a PF key, you can hear the S-meter level being read out, according to the table below. (After operating PF(VOICE2))

Meter level

Voice guide

S0 S1 S2 S3 S4

S5 S6 S7 S8 S9
10dB 20dB 30dB 40dB 50dB 60dB
Other features This is not connected with the Voice Guide, but the TS-480 is also equipped with a feature that has proved popular on previous models namely, it issues a beep that serves as an SWR alert when an error is detected in Morse mode with AT tune. Also, the TS-480 offers a range of beep functions to facilitate operations. These include issuing an end stop beep to mark an end stop for options, differential beeps to distinguish between ON and OFF when toggling a key, or to distinguish between configuration mode and completion when adjusting TX output, etc. Note: For those people who do not require the Voice Guide, it is possible to disable it by simply turning the volume to OFF. Just proceed to menu #15 and select OFF.
New Option: ARCP-480 (Amateur Radio Control Program for TS-480) Freeware
Kenwoods ARCP software has proven very popular. For the TS-480 we have made some significant improvements, releasing it as ARCP-480. KNS added ARCP-480 is compatible with the Kenwood Network Command System, enabling control of the TS-480 over a network and, using H.323 (VoIP), making voice transmission/reception possible. So that you can enjoy easy control of the TS-480 from your computer, both ARCP-480 and ARHP-10 programs (explained later) are available free and can be downloaded from Kenwoods website. URL: http://www.kenwood.com/i/products/info/amateur.html There is ARCP software for the TS-870 and TS-570, as well as for the TS-2000. As with ARCP-2000 and the TS-2000, the new ARCP-480 program allows you to control virtually all of the functions on the TS-480 transceiver. What follows is an explanation of the major differences between ARCP-2000 and ARCP-480.

3. Adjust PC volume Whether hosting via a WAN or within a LAN, it is recommended that you test your setup at least once using a KNS environment arranged with host and remote on the same LAN. This should allow you to adjust volume to the appropriate level. To adjust terminal level, display the recording control, confirm that MIC input is selected, and adjust the level. For speaker output level adjustment, adjust WAVE. 4. User setup Open the setup window and set the COM port to be used for commands, whether or not to use voice communications, session time, and whether or not to keep a log. By clicking on Add, you can then input the name and password of the user to connect. The host administrator then informs the remote PC user of the above user name and password, as well as other relevant information such as how to make up an audio cable (for use with either the DATA terminal or MIC/EXP-SP). The remote PC user can then connect to this host using the information provided. Note that a red X mark within the user frame indicates that this user is temporarily barred from connecting to the host. After the setup is completed, you can return to the main window and click on CON; the button will then appear yellow. This completes the setup: the host is now ready for the remote PC user to make a connection. Once the audio cable has been made up, connect the various cables to your PC as illustrated below. In addition, connect your PC to the TS-480 with an RS-232 cable.

Troubleshooting

Network & Operations Problem Solution Is it possible to use an analog We recommend a broadband connection. Otherwise, if you have a narrowband connection of about 50kbps, it dial-up connection? might work, though this will depend on network traffic conditions. You must also expect to encounter some noise and to lose audio contact intermittently. Yes, it is compatible provided that your ISP provides a I have broadband but is it global IP address, VoIP ports, and a command port. compatible? Can I use my router with KNS? We do not guarantee that KNS will work through a router. Nevertheless, if your router offers DMZ or virtual computer features, you may be able to set it up by yourself to enable KNS to work properly. You will have to make the required adjustments, referring to the instruction manuals for the devices you are currently using, at your own risk. Generally speaking, you can use any modem that is compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting. If your operating system is XP, switch off the ICF (personal firewall) provided by Windows. If the ICF (personal firewall) of Windows XP is switched on, you should switch it off; however, be aware that this can represent a security risk. Switch to a modem that is not inside a router. Open the ports required for KNS: a command port and H.323 control ports (if the router is compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting). If you must use a router with built-in modem, try setting up a bridge. In this case, however, some ISPs will not issue an IP address. To solve this, you can either set up another router (compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting) externally, or have an IP address issued using a PPPoE* client. (A PPPoE* client is available as a standard feature of Windows XP.) Be aware that you do all of this at your own risk.

Listed below are typical problems that you might encounter.
With a high-speed modem connected directly to my PC running Windows XP, KNS does not work. I am using a high-speed modem connected directly to my PC, but the modem is inside the router.
I cannot get KNS to work over the Internet connection that is provided as a collective service to my apartment block. Can I use a software-based firewall? I want to time-out TX after a set time. Is KNS compatible with digital communications (PSK31, SSTV, etc.)? Is KNS compatible with full break-in or quick break-in times?
It is possible that one of more of the ports required by KNS is blocked. Talk to your network administrator to see if the requisite ports can be opened.
KNS will probably work with your firewall, provided that it is set up for the ports required by ARCP and ARHP to be open. Set the TOT to whatever duration you require. However, since this simply times your transmission, once the time is up, it will return the transceiver to RX even if you are in the middle of transmission. There is a delay with KNS. If you are using a WAN, this delay increases, so it is not suitable for the various types of digital communications or other operations that demand a quick response. It is also not recommended if audio quality is a priority. Owing to the delays inherent in a network, this system is not compatible with full break-in. For this same reason, it is also not recommended for operations that require strict TX/RX timing (contests or pileups). Also, break-in time should be set longer than usual.
Sound Problem The sound does not get through (host PC). Solution First check that the audio cable is connected properly. Check what audio input method (MIC/EXP-SP or DATA) has been selected for the transceiver. If the DATA terminal is used: Use menus #46 & #47 to check that I/O levels are correct. If MIC/EXT-SP is used: Check that AF level and mic gain are correct. Check your computer: Check that the computer can produce sound; update drivers as necessary. Connect the transceivers RX audio to the input of your computer and bring up the recording control window. Check that the input terminal you are using is active and that it is set to an appropriate level. Bring up the playback control window; make sure that it is not muted and that it is set to an appropriate level. Check that you can hear something from the speakers connected to your computer. After you have completed these checks, mute the PC output. Check that you are using a compatible operating system. Check that Voice is checked in the ARHP-10 setup window. If using a WAN, check that KNS will work locally over your LAN. If using a WAN, check your communications hardware and ISP settings. (If you are using a router, try removing it temporarily to see if that makes a difference.) Check that KNS VOICE is illuminated in the ARCP-480 display. If it is not, recheck your operating system for compatibility and also your network settings (including your ISP service). First check that the host audio is connected properly. Check what audio input method (MIC/EXP-SP or DATA) has been selected for the transceiver on the host side. If the DATA terminal is used: Use menus #46 & #47 to check that I/O levels are correct. (Normally, there would be no need for the remote PC user to think about this.) If MIC/EXT-SP is used: Check that AF level and mic gain are correct. Check your computer:

The sound does not get through (remote PC).
Check that the computer can produce sound; update drivers as necessary. Connect a microphone to the computer and bring up the recording control window. Check that the input terminal you are using is active and that it is set to an appropriate level. Bring up the playback control window; make sure that it is not muted and that it is set to an appropriate level. Check that you can hear something from the speakers connected to your computer. Check that you are using a compatible operating system. Check that Voice is checked in the ARHP-10 setup window on the host computer. Check that KNS VOICE is illuminated in the ARCP-480 display. If it is not, recheck the host computer operating system for compatibility and also the network settings (including the ISP service for the host computer). If using a WAN, check that KNS will work locally over your LAN. If using a WAN, check your communications hardware and ISP settings. (If you are using a router, try removing it temporarily to see if that makes a difference.) Check that Voice is checked in the ARCP setup window. Check the modulation line. Check that the host PC audio cable connection method in the TX Control frame of the Setup window is the same. TX/RX audio breaks up, is distorted or faint. Bring up the playback and recording control windows on both host and remote computers and try adjusting the levels. If the RX audio seems faint, and if the Line-in terminal is being used for input on the host computer, try switching to the Mic-in terminal. If modulation seems faint during TX, and if the Line-out terminal is being used for output on the host computer, try switching to the Speaker-out terminal.

TS-480 In-Depth Manual

Published in April 2004 by Kenwood Corporation Communications Equipment Division Unauthorized reproduction is forbidden. Copyright 2004 KENWOOD CORPORATION

PRECAUTIONS

Please observe the following precautions to prevent fire, personal injury, and transceiver damage: Connect the transceiver only to a power source described in this manual or as marked on the transceiver itself. Route all power cables safely. Ensure the power cables can neither be stepped upon nor pinched by items placed near or against the cables. Pay particular attention to locations near AC receptacles, AC outlet strips, and points of entry to the transceiver. Take care not to drop objects or spill liquid into the transceiver through enclosure openings. Metal objects, such as hairpins or needles, inserted into the transceiver may contact voltages resulting in serious electrical shocks. Never permit children to insert any objects into the transceiver. Do not attempt to defeat methods used for grounding and electrical polarization in the transceiver, particularly involving the power input cable. Adequately ground all outdoor antennas for this transceiver using approved methods. Grounding helps protect against voltage surges caused by lightning. It also reduces the chance of a build-up of static charge.
EXAMPLE OF ANTENNA GROUNDING
GROUND CLAMP ANTENNA LEAD IN WIRE ANTENNA DISCHARGE UNIT GROUNDING CONDUCTORS ELECTRIC SERVICE EQUIPMENT GROUND CLAMPS POWER SERVICE GROUNDING ELECTRODE SYSTEM
Minimum recommended distance for an outdoor antenna from power lines is one and one-half times the vertical height of the associated antenna support structure. This distance allows adequate clearance from the power lines if the support structure fails for any reason. Locate the transceiver so as not to interfere with its ventilation. Do not place books or other equipment on the transceiver that may impede the free movement of air. Allow a minimum of 10 cm (4 inches) between the rear of the transceiver and the wall or operating desk shelf. Do not use the transceiver near water or sources of moisture. For example, avoid use near a bathtub, sink, swimming pool, or in a damp basement or attic. The presence of an unusual odor or smoke is often a sign of trouble. Immediately turn the power OFF and remove the power cable. Contact a KENWOOD service station or your dealer for advice.
Locate the transceiver away from heat sources such as a radiator, stove, amplifier or other devices that produce substantial amounts of heat. Do not use volatile solvents such as alcohol, paint thinner, gasoline or benzene to clean the cabinet of the transceiver. Use a clean cloth with warm water or a mild detergent. Disconnect the input power cable from the power source when the transceiver is not used for long periods of time. Remove the transceivers enclosure only to do accessory installations described in this manual or accessory manuals. Follow provided instructions carefully, to avoid electrical shocks. If unfamiliar with this type of work, seek assistance from an experienced individual, or have a professional technician do the task. Enlist the services of qualified personnel in the following cases: a) The power supply or plug is damaged. b) Objects have fallen or liquid has spilled into the transceiver. c) The transceiver has been exposed to rain. d) The transceiver is operating abnormally or performance has seriously degraded. e) The transceiver has been dropped or the enclosure damaged. Do not attempt to perform any kind of configuration or menu setup configuration while driving your car. Do not wear headphones while driving. Install the transceiver in a safe and convenient position inside of your vehicle so as not to subject yourself to danger while driving. Consult your car dealer for the transceiver installation to ensure safety. HF/ 50 MHz mobile antennas are larger and heavier than VHF/ UHF antennas. Therefore, use a strong and rigid mount to safety and securely install the HF/ 50 MHz mobile antenna.

q [ ] (POWER) switch Press and hold briefly to switch the transceiver power ON. Press again to switch the power OFF {page 18}. w PF key You can assign a function to this Programmable Function key. The default function is VOICE1. To use the Voice Guide and Storage functions, the optional VGS-1 is required {page 64}. e ATT/PRE/ ANT1/2 key Press to cycle between receiver attenuator ON, preamplifier ON and OFF {pages 49, 61}. Press and hold for 1 second, then release it to select either ANT 1 or ANT 2 {page 60}. r AT Press to activate the internal antenna tuner {page 60} or an external antenna tuner. Press and hold to start tuning the automatic antenna tuner. t SQL control Used for muting (squelching) the speaker, the head phones and the AF output on DATA (8-pin mini DIN connector) when no receive signal is present on the transceiver {page 19}. y AF control Turn to adjust the audio volume on the transceiver {page 18}. u CH1/ 1/ REC, CH2/ 2/ REC, CH3/ 3/ REC key Press to play back the CW or voice messages (the VGS-1 is required) {page 40}. Press and hold to record the voice messages (the VGS-1 is required) {page 68} or CW messages that are associated with the internal electronic keyer {page 40}. i PWR/ 4/ TX MONI key Press to adjust the transmission output power. Press and hold to adjust the volume of the transmission signal monitor function {page 65}.
o MIC/ 5/ RF.G key Press to adjust the microphone gain {page 27}. While the Speech Processor function is ON, press to adjust the Speech Processor output level {page 37}. Press and hold to adjust the receiver RF gain {page 18}. !0 KEY/ 6/ DELAY key Press to adjust the internal electronic keyer speed. Press and hold to adjust the VOX delay time {page 36} or Break-in time (Full Break-in/ Semi Break-in time) for CW mode {page 39}. !1 NB/T/ 7 key Press to switch the Noise Blanker ON or OFF. Press and hold to adjust the Noise Blanker level {page 47}. In FM mode, press to turn the Tone function ON or OFF {page 32}. Press and hold to select a sub-audible tone for the Tone funtion {page 32}. !2 VOX/ 8 key In voice mode, press to turn the VOX (VoiceOperated Transmit) function ON or OFF {page 36}. In CW mode, press to turn the Break-in function ON or OFF {page 39}. Press and hold to adjust the microphone input gain for VOX operation. The VOX icon appears when the VOX (Voice)/ Break-in (CW) function is active. !3 PROC/ 9 key Press to turn the Speech Processor ON or OFF {page 37}. Press and hold to adjust the Speech Processor input level. The PROC icon appears when the Speech Processor function is ON.

3 GETTING ACQUAINTED

!9 @0 @1 @2 @3

!4 !5 !6

!8 @4 @5 @6
!4 MTR/ CLR key Press to select the meter scales {page 20} or exit from, abort, or reset various functions. Press and hold to clear memory channels {page 54}. !5 AGC/ 0/ OFF key Press to toggle the fast or slow response time for the Automatic Gain Control (AGC). Press and hold to switch the AGC OFF {page 35}. !6 ENT key Press to enter your desired frequency using the keypad {page 34} or lock out memory channels from the scan list {page 54}. !7 FINE/ STEP key Press to activate the Fine tuning function to allow more precise tuning {page 35}. Press and hold to select the frequency step size for the MULTI control {page 34}. !8 SCAN/ SG.SEL key Press to start or stop the Scan function {page 56}. Press and hold to select a Scan group {page 59}. !9 NR key Press to select the DSP Noise Reduction function, NR1, NR2 or OFF {page 47}. When the Noise Reduction function is turned ON, press and hold key to change the parameter of the Noise Reduction function {page 47}. @0 DNL key Press to turn the DNL (Digital Noise Limiter) function ON or OFF. The DNL icon appears when it is ON. Press and hold the key to change the level of DNL function {page 47}. @1 FIL/ NAR key Press to configure the low-cut and high-cut filter frequency for the DSP filter (AF). Press and hold to select the narrow IF filter if available {page 45}.
@2 BC/ CW.T key Press to select the DSP Beat Cancel funtion, BC1 (Beat Cancel 1), BC2 (Beat Cancel 2) or OFF {page 47}. In CW mode, press to start the Auto Zerobeat in CW mode {page 29}. @3 LED Lights red when the transceiver is transmitting, lights green when the transceiver is receiving signals, and turns OFF when the transceiver mutes with the squelch function. @4 MODE key Press to change the operating mode pair. There are 4 pairs: USB/ LSB, CW/ CWR, FSK/ FSR, and AM/ FM. Press and hold for a second to toggle the mode within each pair: USB LSB, CW CWR, FSK FSR, or AM FM {page 19}. @5 MENU/ F.LOCK key Press to enter Menu mode {page 22}. Press and hold to activate the Frequency Lock function {page 63}. @6 MHz key Press to turn the MHz Up/ Down function ON or OFF. The MHz digit increases or decreases when you turn the MULTI control. Press and hold to change the increment/ decrement step value {page 34}. @7 Tuning control torque adjustment lever The lever behind the Tuning control adjusts the control torque level; turn clockwise for light torque or counterclockwise for heavy torque. @8 Tuning control Turn to select the desired frequency {page 19}. Use the convenient finger-tip cavity for continuous tuning.

#8 #7 #6

TF-SET

IF SHIFT

@9 #0 #1 #2
@9 QMI/ M.IN key Press to store data to the Quick Memory. Press and hold to store the current operating frequencies and other data to the Memory channel. #0 QMR/ MsVFO key Press to recall data from the Quick Memory {page 55}. Press and hold to transfer the Memory Channel frequencies and other data to the VFO. #1 A/B / M/V key Press to select either VFO A or VFO B {page 18}. Press and hold to toggle between Memory and VFO modes. #2 A=B/ SPLIT key Press to duplicate the data in the currently selected VFO to the other VFO {page 35}. Press and hold to enter split-frequency operation which allows you to use different transmission and reception frequencies {page 30}. #3 MULTI control In VFO mode, rotate to step the operating frequency up or down {page 34}. In Memory Channel mode, rotate to select a Memory Channel {page 51}. Also, used for selecting Menu numbers when accessing the Menu mode {page 22} and as a selector to choose settings for various functions activated by Remote Control panel keys. #4 IF SHIFT control Rotate to shift the center frequency of the IF passband either lower or higher, to remove interference {page 45}. #5 / key Normally, press to step through all the Amateur radio bands consecutively {page 19}. Also used to make selections from the Menu {page 22} and to check the Start and End frequencies of the Scan function {page 53}. When both the split-frequency and the frequency lock function are actived, press and hold to perform the TF-SET function {page 30}.

FM In FM mode, you cannot change the reception IF filter bandwidth. The bandwidth is fixed at 12 kHz.

IF SHIFT (SSB/ CW/ FSK)

Shifting the center frequency of the filter pass band is an additional method of removing adjacent frequency interference. Shifting this center frequency does not change the current reception frequency. To remove interference that is higher in frequency than the desired signal, turn the IF SHIFT control counterclockwise. To remove interference that is lower in frequency than the desired signal, turn the IF SHIFT control clockwise.

IF pass band

IF filter bandwidth Mode Normal SSB AM
Narrow 1.8 kHz1/ 500 Hz2/ 270 Hz3 2.4 kHz

2.4 kHz 6.0 kHz

Optional YF-107SN filter must be installed. Optional YF-107C filter must be installed and Menu No. 17 must be set to ON. Optional YF-107CN filter must be installed and Menu No. 17 must be set to ON.
Desired Interfering signal signal
CW/ FSK When you operate in CW or FSK mode, the wide filter or narrow filter is automatically selected according to the DSP filter bandwidth that you select. The following table describes how the optional filter is selected as you change the bandwidth of DSP filter. You cannot manually select the IF filter. To change the DSP filter bandwidth, refer to CHANGING THE DSP FILTER BANDWIDTH {page 46}.
10 REJECTING INTERFERENCE

DSP FILTERS

KENWOOD digital signal processing (DSP) technology is adapted to this transceiver. Using DSP filtering (AF), you can control the bandwidth, cancel the multiple jamming beat, and reduce the noise level using DSP filtering technology.

Adjust

Mode SSB/ FM AM SSB/ FM AM
Frequency Selections (Hz) 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800, 3000, 3400 (default), 4000, 5000 2500, 3000 (default), 4000, 5000 0, 50, 100 (default), 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 0, 100 (default), 200, 500
CHANGING THE DSP FILTER BANDWIDTH
For improving interference reduction capability, this transceiver also provides the DSP filtering (AF) along with IF filters. When in SSB, FM, or AM mode, you can change the filter bandwidth by altering its low and/ or high cut-off frequency. For CW and FSK modes, you can change the filter bandwidth by directly specifying a bandwidth. Changing the DSP filter bandwidth (AF) does not affect the current reception frequency. SSB/ FM/ AM 1 Press [MODE] to select SSB, FM, or AM mode. 2 Press [FIL/ NAR]. The current high-cut filter frequency for the mode appears on the sub-display. LO

Temporary Frequency Changes After retrieving frequencies and associated data in Memory Recall mode, you can temporarily change the data without overwriting the contents of the memory channel. 1 Access Menu No. 07 and select on. Skip this step when changing only the associated data (not the frequency). 2 Recall a memory channel. 3 Change the frequencies and associated data. Use only the Tuning control to select a frequency. 4 If necessary for future use, store the changed data in another memory channel. Refer to Channel Channel Transfer {below}.
Note: If Menu No. 07 is selected on, the frequency of the splitmemory channel can be changed while using the TF-SET function.
Channel 00 ~ 89 RX frequency TX frequency Mode for RX Mode for TX RX frequency step TX frequency step Tone frequency CTCSS frequency Tone/ CTCSS ON/ OFF status Memory Name Memory Channel Lockout ON/ OFF Channel 90 ~ 99 TX/ RX frequency Mode for TX/ RX TX/ RX frequency step (simplex) Tone frequency CTCSS frequency Tone/ CTCSS ON/ OFF status Memory Name Memory Channel Lockout ON/ OFF a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Channel 90 ~ 99 TX/ RX frequency (simplex) Mode for TX/ RX (simplex) TX/ RX frequency step (simplex) Tone frequency CTCSS frequency Tone/ CTCSS ON/ OFF status Memory Name Memory Channel Lockout OFF Channel 00 ~ 89 RX frequency TX frequency Mode for RX Mode for TX RX frequency step TX frequency step Tone frequency CTCSS frequency Tone/ CTCSS ON/ OFF status Memory Name Memory Channel Lockout OFF 6 Turn the Tuning control or MULTI control to select the end frequency. 7 Press [QMI/ M.IN] to store the end frequency in the memory channel. The previous data stored in the channel is overwritten. Confirming Start/ End Frequencies Use this procedure to check the start and end frequencies that you stored in channels 90 to 99. 1 Press [A/B / M/V] (1 s) to enter Memory Recall mode. 2 Turn the MULTI control, or press Mic [UP]/ [DWN] to select a memory channel from 90 to 99. 3 Press [ ] to check the start frequency and [ to check the end frequency. ] You can also select a channel by entering a 2-digit number. Press [9], [0] for example.

STORING FREQUENCY RANGES

Memory channels 90 to 99 allow you to store frequency ranges for VFO tuning and Program Scan. Program Scan is described in the next chapter. To tune or scan frequencies within a specified range, store the start and end frequencies for that range in advance. 1 Press [A/B / M/V] to select VFO A or VFO B. 2 Select the desired start frequency. 3 Press [QMI/ M.IN] (1 s) to enter Memory Scroll mode. To exit Memory Scroll mode and abort the storage process, press [MTR/ CLR]. 4 Turn the MULTI control, or press Mic [UP]/ [DWN] to select a memory channel in the range of 90 to 99.

Pressing [ENT] (1 s) toggles between adding and removing the channel from the scan list.
Available alpha-numeric characters
A + B C D / 0 E S 1 F T 2 G H U I 5 J 6 K Y 7 L 8 M N 9

O P Q R

SP represents a space character.

QUICK MEMORY

Quick Memory is designed to quickly and temporarily save data without specifying a particular memory channel. Use Quick Memory to store data you will not use in future operating sessions. For example, as you tune across the band looking for DX, it is convenient to store stations that you want to contact. You can quickly jump between several different memory channels as you monitor them. This transceiver provides 10 Quick Memory channels (0_ to 9_) that can store the following data:
Each time [QMI/ M.IN] is pressed, the current VFO data is written to the Quick Memory.
Note: When RIT or XIT is ON, this ON status and the offset will

also be stored.

RECALLING QUICK MEMORY CHANNELS
You can recall a Quick Memory channel only when you operate the transceiver in VFO mode. 1 Press [QMR/ MsVFO]. s The current memory channel number appears.
VFO A frequency and operating mode RIT ON/ OFF RIT/ XIT offset frequency Noise Blanker ON/ OFF DSP Noise Reduction OFF/ 1/ 2 Digital Noise Limiter OFF/ 1 ~ 3
VFO B frequency and operating mode XIT ON/ OFF DSP filter bandwidth FINE ON/ OFF DSP Beat Cancel OFF/ 1/ 2 TX/ RX functions
If there is no data stored in any Quick Memory channel, the data cannot be recalled to the current VFO, an error beep sounds.
2 Turn the MULTI control to select a Quick Memory channel (0 to 9). You cannot change memory channels while transmitting. 3 To exit, press [QMR/ MsVFO] again. s
Note: Memory channels cannot be changed while using the TF-SET function.
STORING INTO QUICK MEMORY
Each time you store a new frequency, all previously stored frequencies are bumped to the next respective Quick Memory channel. When all 10 memory channels contain frequencies, storing one more frequency bumps the contents of memory channel 9 off the stack (the data is lost). The following diagram illustrates how the Quick Memory stacks the data in memory each time you press [QMI/ M.IN].

3 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] or [MTR/ CLR] to return to the current VFO mode. 4 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] to start the VFO Scan. 5 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] or [MTR/ CLR] to stop the VFO Scan.
While scanning, you can change the scan speed by turning the RIT/ XIT control. Turn the control clockwise/ counterclockwise to decrease/ increase the scan speed. The speed indicator appears on the sub-display, where P1 is the fastest speed and P9 is the slowest. You cannot change the VFO Scan speed in FM mode.

PROGRAM SCAN

Program Scan monitors the range between the start and end frequencies that you have stored in Memory channels 90 ~ 99 (VGROUP0 ~ 9). Refer to STORING FREQUENCY RANGES {page 53} for details on how to store the start and end frequencies to Memory channels 90 ~ 99 (VGROUP0 ~ 9). You can select a maximum of 10 memory channels (VGROUP 0 to 9) and sequentially scan the frequency ranges that you stored in these channels. If the current VFO frequency falls within the selected VGROUP frequency range, the Program Scan starts from the VGROUP number and then continues to scan the next larger VGROUP number. If the current VFO frequency is outside all of the VGROUP frequency ranges, the Program Scan starts from the smallest VGROUP number that is selected as on (each VGROUP can be set to either on or oFF). 1 Press [A/B / M/V] to select VFO A or VFO B. 2 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] (1 s).

VFO SCAN

VFO Scan scans the entire frequency range that is available for the current VFO. When the Program Scan frequency range is not programmed or no Scan Group is selected for the Program Scan, the transceiver also scans the entire frequency range available for the current VFO. The memory channel numbers 90 ~ 99 have alias names, VGROUP. VGROUP0 represents channel 90, VGROUP1 represents channel 91, VGROUP2 represents channel 92, and so on up to VGROUP9 which represents channel 99. If one or more Program Scan frequency ranges are programmed in VGROUP0 to 9 (Memory channel numbers 90 ~ 99 in other words): 56
3 Turn the MULTI control or press Mic [UP]/ [DWN] to select the memory channel (VGROUP0 to

12 SCAN

VGROUP9). As you select the Memory Channel, on or oFF appears on the main frequency display. on signifies that the memory channel is active for the Program Scan and oFF signifies that the memory channel group is inactive for the Program Scan. 4 To activate the Program Scan frequency range, select the desired VGROUP number by turning the MULTI control. Then, press [ ] to select on for the VGROUP (channel). When a channel is activated for the Program Scan, on appears on the display.
Note: At least one of the valid Program Scan channels (from 90 to 99) must be programmed and selected to perform the Program Scan. If no VGROUP (memory channel 90 ~ 99) is selected for the Program Scan, the transceiver performs the VFO Scan {above}.
PROGRAM SCAN PARTIALLY SLOWED
You can specify a maximum of 5 frequency points for each memory channel from 90 to 99 so that the Program Scan slows down the scanning speed. To specify the slow down frequency points, first program the start and end frequencies into a memory channel (90 ~ 99) {page 53}. 1 Access Menu No. 08 to confirm that the function is ON (default is ON). 2 You can further configure the slow down frequency width. Access Menu No. 09 to select the range from 100 Hz to 500 Hz (default is 300 Hz).

During the Program Scan, you can turn the RIT/ XIT control to adjust the scanning speed. Turn the control clockwise/ counterclockwise to slow down/ speed up the scan. The Program Scan speed indicator appears on the main dot-matrix display during the Program Scan; P1 is the fastest speed and P9 is the slowest. You cannot change the Program Scan speed in FM mode. You can specify the Program Scan slow down frequency point in FM mode but it does not function.

SCAN HOLD

This function stops Program Scan for approximately 5 seconds, then resumes Scan when you jump to the desired frequency by turning the Tuning control or the MULTI control, or by pressing Mic [UP]/ [DWN]. To use this function, access Menu No. 10, and select on. The default is OFF. 57

MEMORY SCAN

Memory Scan monitors all memory channels in which you have stored frequencies (All-channel Scan) or only a desired group of memory channels (Group Scan). Scan automatically stops at a channel where a signal is present, regardless of the operating mode. The transceiver will either remain on that channel for a short time (Time-Operated mode) or until the signal drops out (Carrier-Operated mode). Use Menu No. 11 to select the mode. The default is to (TimeOperated).

ALL-CHANNEL SCAN

Use the following procedure to scan all the memory channels that contain frequency data in sequence, ignoring the Memory Group number. 1 Select Time-operated or Carrier-operated mode via Menu No. 11. 2 Press [A/B / M/V] (1 s) to enter Memory Recall mode. 3 Turn the SQL control to adjust the squelch threshold to mute the speaker. 4 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] (1 s) to enter Scan Group Select mode. Turn the MULTI control to select the Memory channel group. MGROUP0 represents Memory channel 0 ~ 9, MGROUP1 represents Memory channel 10 ~ 19 and so on up to MGROUP9 which represents Memory channel 90 ~ 99 {page 53}. 5 As you select the Memory Groups using the MULTI control, press [ ] to select oFF for all Memory Groups. 6 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] to return to Memory Recall mode. 7 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] to start All-channel Scan. Scan starts from the current memory channel and ascends up through the channel numbers. (The scan direction cannot be changed.) To jump to a desired channel while scanning, turn the MULTI control, or press Mic [UP]/ [DWN]. 8 To stop Scan, press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] or [MTR/ CLR].

SCAN RESUME METHOD

Scan Group Select

You can select one or more groups to be scanned. First, select the groups to be scanned. 1 Press [A/B / M/V] (1 s) to enter Memory Recall mode. M.CH appears. 2 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] (1 s) to enter Scan Group Select mode. 3 As you turn the MULTI control, the MGROUP number on the sub-display changes. MGROUP0 represents Memory channel 0 ~ 9, MGROUP1 represents Memory channel 10 ~ 19 and so on up to MGROUP9 which represents Memory channel 90 ~ 99.
If you have turned the SQL control clockwise, far beyond the squelch threshold, Scan may fail to stop at a channel in which a signal is present. If this happens, turn the SQL control slightly counterclockwise. When the current channel is within one of the groups that you selected, Scan starts with the current channel. When the current channel is outside all the groups that you selected, Scan starts with the group number that is larger than and closest to the group number of the current channel. Starting Memory Scan switches OFF the RIT and XIT functions.
4 Press [ ] to select on to add the group to the Group Scan list. If you do not wish the selected Group to be scanned, press [ ] to select oFF.
5 Press [SCAN/ SG.SEL] to exit the Scan Group Select mode.

OPERATOR CONVENIENCES

ANTENNAS
Two antenna connectors are available for the HF/ 50 MHz band on the TX/ RX unit rear panel {page 16}. Press [ATT/PRE/ ANT1/2] (1 s) to select ANT 1 or ANT 2. 1tANT or ANTs2 appears to indicate which antenna is selected. 2 Press [ATT/PRE/ ANT1/2] (1 s) to select 1tANT or ANTs2. If the external antenna tuner (AT-300) is connected to the ANT 1 connector, select ANT 2 to use the internal antenna tuner. The internal antenna tuner is automatically bypassed if the external antenna tuner (AT-300) is connected to ANT 1. 3 Press [AT] momentarily. ATsT appears, indicating that the antenna tuner is in-line (not bypassed).
The ANT 1/ ANT 2 setting will automatically be stored in the antenna band memory. Next time you select the same band, the same antenna will be automatically selected.
Antenna Selection Frequency Range (MHz) 0.03 ~ 2.5 4.1 ~ 6.9 7.5 ~ 10.5 14.5 ~ 18.5 21.5 ~ 25.5 30.0 ~ 60.0
Note: Connect an external tuner to the ANT 1 connector only, then
2.5 ~ 4.1 6.9 ~ 7.5 10.5 ~ 14.5 18.5 ~ 21.5 25.5 ~ 30.0
4 Press [AT] (1 s). CW mode is automatically selected and tuning begins. ATsT blinks and the LED lights red. To cancel tuning, press [AT] again. If the SWR of the antenna system is extremely high (more than 10:1), an alarm (SWR in Morse code) sounds and the internal antenna tuner is bypassed. Before attempting to tune again, adjust the antenna system to lower the SWR. 5 Monitor the display and check that tuning has successfully finished. If the tuning was successful, ATsT stops blinking and the red LED turns OFF. If tuning does not finish within approximately 20 seconds, an alarm (5 in Morse code) sounds. Press [AT] to stop the alarm and tuning. If you want the transceiver to stay in transmission mode after the tuning completes, access Menu No. 25 and select on. If you access Menu No. 26 and select on, received signals will also pass through the internal antenna tuner. When this function is ON, RtAT appears. This may reduce interference on the receive frequency.

REMOTE terminal pin assignment (8-pin mini DIN)
Linear Amp. TS-480HX/ SAT

Pin No. 1

Pin Name SPO COM SS MKE BRK ALC RL
Function Speaker output Common terminal of the relay Ground this terminal to transmit. ANI (DATA connector) terminal turns OFF. Connects to COM (pin 2) when the transceiver transmits. Connects to COM (pin 2) when the transceiver receives. ALC input from amplifier (7 V) Approx. +12 V DC is output when the transceiver transmits (10 mA max.). RTTY (FSK) keying input. Ground this terminal to alternate Mark and Space. Ground

ELE KEY

To antenna
Use the supplied mini DIN (8-pin) connector to interface with the Linear Amp.
Internal relay for the Linear amplifier.

u i t w r

8 Metal cover
REMOTE connector (Front view)

ANTENNA TUNER

Use the ANT 1 and AT connectors to connect an AT-300 external antenna tuner. If you connect the external antenna tuner to the ANT 2 connector, it will not function.
Note: When the AT-300 is used with the TS-480HX transceiver, the TX output power is automatically reduced to 100 W (AM mode: 25 W). Also, the AT-300 cannot be used for 50 MHz operation.

1 DC 2 13.8 V

ANT 1 connector

MCP AND TNC

Use the DATA connector to connect the AF input/ output lines from a Terminal Node Controller (TNC) for Packet operation, a Multimode Communications Processor (MCP) for operation on AFSK, Packet, PacTOR, AMTOR, G-TORTM, PSK31, or FAX, or a Clover interface. Also use the DATA connector to connect SSTV and phone patch equipment (1 male, 6-pin mini DIN connector (E57-0404-XX) is supplied). Connect the TNC or MCP to the DATA connector using a cable equipped with a 6-pin mini DIN plug. Connecting the TNC or MCP to a personal computer or dumb terminal requires an RS-232C cable. Select LSB or USB mode (it depends on the communication mode) when you operate the MCP/ TNC.
Do not share a single power supply between the transceiver and the TNC or MCP. Keep as wide a separation as possible between the transceiver and the computer to reduce noise-pickup by the transceiver. The mini DIN connectors (REMOTE and DATA connectors) look alike. Confirm the number of pins before plugging into the transceiver connectors. The DATA connector is a 6-pin mini DIN connector and the REMOTE connector is an 8-pin mini DIN connector.
Power Supply for MCP/ TNC

Mini DIN male (6-pin)

MCP/ TNC
DATA connector pin assignment (6-pin mini DIN)
Pin No. Metal cover 78 Pin Name ANI ANG DTS NC ANO SQC GND Function Audio input from MCP/ TNC Audio signal ground Ground this terminal to transmit. When it is grounded, the microphone input turns OFF. No connection Audio output for MCP/ TNC Squelch status Squelch open: Low impedance Squelch close: High impedance Ground

DC Power Supply for the transceiver
DATA connector (Front view)

DX PACKETCLUSTER TUNE

If you have a TM-D700 transceiver, you can connect the TM-D700 to the TS-480 transceiver to use the DX PacketCluster Tune function. Connect the 2 transceivers with a cross-wired RS-232C cable as shown below. Configure the TM-D700 transceiver to the DX PacketCluster node frequency.
TS-480 transceiver TM-D700 transceiver

MIC RESET

1 Press [MENU/ F.LOCK] and turn the MULTI control to select Menu No. 56 on the TS-480 transceiver. 2 Press [ ]/ [ ] to select the same communication baud rate configured on the TM-D700 transceiver. 3 Tune to the DX PacketCluster node frequency on the TM-D700 transceiver. 4 Press [F] (1 s), [TNC] on the TM-D700 transceiver. TNC APRS appears on the TM-D700 transceiver. 5 Press [F] (1 s), [DX] on the TM-D700 transceiver. 6 Select a desired DX station data with [c]/ [d] on the TM-D700 transceiver. c d 7 Press [MHz] on the TM-D700 transceiver to transfer the frequency data to the TS-480 transceiver. If the transferred frequency data is available on the TS-480 transceiver, the frequency data will be overwritten to the current operating frequency. Otherwise, the operating frequency of the TS-480 transceiver remains unchanged. For more detailed operation on the DX PacketCluster operation of the TM-D700 transceiver, refer to page 6 of the TM-D700 instruction manual (Specialized Communications).

CROSSBAND REPEATER

If you have a TM-D700 transceiver, you can connect the TM-D700 transceiver to the TS-480 transceiver to use the Crossband repeater function. Connect the 2 transceivers with a mini DIN cable (6-pin) as shown below.
To DATA connector To DATA connector
After connecting the 2 transceivers with the cable, access Menu No. 57 (DTS polarity) on the TS-480 transceiver and select on. You will further need to adjust the audio input/ output level of the TS-480 transceiver using Menu Nos. 46 and 47.

TS-480 t y

ANI ANG DTS NC ANO SQC

TM-D700 q w e r t y

PKD DE PKS PR9 PR1 SQC

q w e r t y

Mini DIN 6-pin male
14 CONNECTING PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT SKY COMMAND II (K-TYPE ONLY)

TM-D700A

In order to connect the TS-480 transceiver to the TM-D700A transceiver, you need to prepare 3 cables by yourself. For the connection between the COM connectors on the 2 transceivers, you may use a commercially available RS-232C crosswired cable.

TM-D700A transceiver

TS-480 transceiver

COM connector

Switch OFF both the TM-D700 and TS-480 transceiver before making the connection. The TM-D700A transceiver automatically transmits its call sign in Morse code at regular intervals because of legal requirements; therefore, transmit sidetone must be output from the TS-480 transceiver. When the TM-D700A transceiver is too close to the TS-480 transceiver, unwanted feedback may cause malfunction. Do not share a regulated power supply between the TM-D700A transceiver and the TS-480 transceiver. Unwanted feedback may cause malfunction.

2, 3 88

The transceiver does 1 Procedures are not being not respond correctly followed precisely. after pressing key 2 The Frequency Lock function is combinations or turning ON. controls per instructions 3 The microprocessor and its in this manual. memory need resetting.

ii 63 88

The frequency cannot be changed.
The Frequency Lock function or Lock All function is ON.
SSB audio quality is very poor; the high or low audio frequencies are absent.
1 The wrong operation mode is selected for the receiver. 2 The AF DSP filter is incorrectly set. 3 Noise Reduction 1 or 2 is ON. 4 Beat Cancel 1 or 2 is ON.
Problem No signals are received or receive sensitivity seems poor. Probable Cause 1 The SQL control is fully clockwise. 2 The Attenuator function is ON. 3 Mic [PTT] is pressed. 4 The IF filter bandwidth was incorrectly set. 5 The wrong antenna connector (ANT 1 or ANT 2) was selected. 6 The preamplifier is OFF. No signals are received or receive sensitivity seems poor; S-meter is reading full scale. Received signals are totally unintelligible. Memory Scan will not start scanning. The RF gain was set too low. Corrective Action 1 Turn the SQL control counterclockwise. 2 Press [ATT/PRE/ ANT1/2] until ATT and PRE disappear. 3 Release Mic [PTT]. 4 Review DSP FILTERS, CHANGING THE IF FILTER BANDWIDTH and set the controls accordingly. 5 Press [ATT/PRE/ ANT1/2] (1 s) to select the other antenna connector. 6 Press [ATT/PRE/ ANT1/2] to switch the function ON. Press [MIC/ 5/ RF.G] (1 s) and turn the MULTI control clockwise to increase the RF gain. Page Ref. 20 45, 46
The wrong modulation mode was selected. 1 The SQL control was not set correctly. 2 Less than 2 memory channels were unlocked. 3 Less than 2 memory channels were programmed.
Press [MODE] or [MODE] (1 s) to select the correct modulation mode. 1 Adjust the SQL control to just eliminate background noise. 2 Unlock at least 2 memory channels. 3 Store data in at least 2 memory channels.
Memory Scan will With Group Scan selected, the channel Select the Memory Group that contains not scan one of the you want to scan is in a different group. the memory channel you want to scan. stored channels; the desired channel is NOT locked out. Program Scan will not start scanning. AT does not finish successfully (TS-480SAT or TS-480HX with AT-300). The start and end frequencies are identical. Store different start and end frequencies.
The impedance of the coaxial cable and Adjust the antenna system to lower the antenna was not matched. SWR. Tuning does not successfully finish depending on conditions although the SWR meter indicates smaller than 3:1. Adjust the antenna system to lower the SWR.