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FIGURE 7-12: SETUP: GBIC..... 79 FIGURE 7-13: SOFTWARE UPGRADE..... 80 FIGURE 7-14: SAVE CONFIGURATION..... 81 FIGURE 7-15: DEVICE RESET...... 82 FIGURE 7-16: SYSTEM MANAGER: PASSWORD ADMIN..... 83 FIGURE 7-17: ADVANCED > DISABLE ADVANCED ALERTING..... 84 FIGURE 7-18: PORT MIRRORING..... 85 FIGURE 7-19: PORT TRUNKING..... 86 FIGURE 7-20: TRAFFIC PRIORTIZATION SETTINGS..... 87 FIGURE 7-21: VLANS: VLANS AND PRIMARY VLAN..... 89 FIGURE 7-22: VLAN: VLAN PORT SETTINGS..... 90 FIGURE 7-23: SPANNING TREE: BRIDGE SETTINGS..... 92 FIGURE 7-24: SPANNING TREE: PORT SETTINGS..... 93 FIGURE 7-25: MAC > ADDRESS AGING...... 94 FIGURE 7-26: MAC > STATIC ADDRESSES..... 95 FIGURE 7-27: MULTIMEDIA SUPPORT > ENABLE/DISABLE IGMP.... 96 FIGURE 7-28: MULTIMEDIA SUPPORT > STATIC MULTICAST GROUPS... 97 FIGURE 7-29: SNMP MANAGEMENT: COMMUNITY TABLE..... 98 FIGURE 7-30: SNMP MANAGEMENT > HOST TABLE.... 99 FIGURE 7-31: SNMP MANAGEMENT > TRAP SETTINGS.... 100 FIGURE E-1: RJ-45 PLUG AND RJ-45 CONNECTOR WITH BUILT-IN LEDS... 117 FIGURE F-1: STRAIGHT-THROUGH TWISTED-PAIR CABLE.... 120 FIGURE F-2: CROSSOVER TWISTED-PAIR CABLE..... 120 FIGURE F-3: CATEGORY 5 UTP CABLE WITH MALE RJ-45 PLUG AT EACH END... 120

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Tables
TABLE 2-1. FRONT PANEL LEDS:..... 15 TABLE 4-1. SITE REQUIREMENTS...... 19 TABLE 5-1. COMPARING SWITCH MANAGEMENT METHODS.... 29 TABLE 6-1 STP PORT SETTING PARAMETERS.... 57 TABLE 7-1. STP PORT SETTING PARAMETERS..... 93 TABLE B-1. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART..... 105 TABLE E-1. 10/100 MBPS RJ-45 PLUG AND RJ-45 CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS... 117 TABLE E-2. 100/1000 MBPS RJ-45 PLUG AND RJ-45 CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS... 117 TABLE F-1. ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS OF CATEGORY 5 CABLE.... 119

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Congratulations on your purchase of a NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable, Fast Ethernet Switch! Your NETGEAR Switch is a state-of-the-art, high-performance, IEEE-compliant network solution designed for users who require a large number of ports and want the power of management to eliminate bottlenecks, boost performance, and increase productivity. In addition to providing easy, straightforward management, your switch is expandable and comes with two stacking ports that can connect to other NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switches. Additionally, your switch provides flexible Gigabit speed connections to servers and other Gigabit Ethernet switches. There are two Gigabit Ethernet ports on the switch that can be used either by the built-in RJ-45 ports or by the Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) module bays, both located on the front panel. To simplify installation, the switch is shipped ready for use. Everything necessary for setup comes in the box. This chapter serves as the introduction for using your NETGEAR FSM726S or FSM750S Stackable Switch and provides the following information: Overview Switch Features Package contents

Package Contents
Figure 1-1 shows the package contents for the Managed Stackable Switch (FSM726S shown).
Figure 1-1: Package Contents
Verify that your package contains the following:
One FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch Rubber footpads for tabletop installation Power cord One null-modem cable One stacking cable Rack-mount kit for installing the switch in a 19-inch rack This users guide Support Information Card Warranty & Owner Registration Card If you ordered additional GBIC modules with your switch, they are provided in a separate package. If any item is missing or damaged, contact your place of purchase immediately.

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CHAPTER 2: PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
This chapter describes the hardware features of the NETGEAR Model FSM726S and FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch. Topics include: Front and back panels 10/100 Mbps auto-sensing RJ-45 ports Gigabit Ethernet Ports (RJ-45 and GBIC module bay) LED descriptions Console port Stacking ports

Front Panels

Figures 2-1 and 2-2 show the key components on the front and back panels of the NETGEAR Model FSM726S and FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch
The front panel contains LEDs, RJ-45 jacks, GBIC module bays, and a console port. The back panel has two stacking ports and a standard AC power receptacle for accommodating the supplied power cord.
Figure 2-1: Front Panel of the FSM726S Managed Stackable Switch
Figure 2-2: Back Panel of the FSM726S Managed Stackable Switch
Figure 2-3: Front Panel of the FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch
Figure 2-4: Back Panel of the FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch

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10/100 Mbps RJ-45 Ports
As Figures 2-1 and 2-3 shows, the FSM726S and FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch have either 24 or 48 10/100 Mbps RJ-45 ports. These ports are auto-sensing 10/100 Mbps ports: When you insert a cable into an RJ-45 port, the switch automatically ascertains the maximum speed (10 or 100 Mbps) and duplex mode (half- or full-duplex) of the attached device. The 10/100 Mbps ports support only unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable terminated with an 8-pin RJ-45 plug.
To simplify the procedure for attaching devices, all RJ-45 ports support Auto Uplink. This technology lets you attach devices to the RJ-45 ports using either straight-through or crossover cables. When you insert a cable into the switchs RJ-45 port, the switch automatically: Senses whether the cable is a straight-through or crossover cable, and Determines whether the link to the attached device requires a normal connection (such as when connecting the port to a PC) or an uplink connection (such as when connecting the port to a router, switch, or hub). After ascertaining this information, the switch automatically configures the RJ-45 port to enable communications with the attached device, without requiring user intervention. In this way, the Auto Uplink technology compensates for setting uplink connections, while eliminating concern about whether to use crossover or straight-through cables when attaching devices.

Warning! You must use Link Aggregation (a.k.a. Port Trunking) to create multiple links between switches. Using Auto Uplink to create multiple active paths between any two network devices can cause undesirable loops in the network, resulting in an endless broadcast traffic that disables your network. Loops occur when there are alternate routes between two network devices. In Figure 2-3, for example, a loop is created by connecting two RJ-45 ports on a NETGEAR Model FSM726S Managed Stackable Switch to a router containing a 4-port switch. The Spanning Tree protocol will prevent loops, if that advanced feature is enabled.
Figure 2-5: Warning! Creating Redundant Paths between Network Devices
Gigabit Ethernet Ports (RJ-45 and GBIC module bay)
Your NETGEAR Model FSM726S and FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch have two Gigabit Ethernet ports that can be used as either a
1000BASE-T port or as a GBIC module bay. The default setting for those ports are for the built-in RJ-45 connector to be active, but they can be independently configured to activate either the RJ-45 or the GBIC module, enabling multiple combinations of fiber and copper connections. The Gigabit Ethernet ports provide a full-duplex 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) connection that effectively doubles throughput to 2 Gbps. The GBIC bay accommodates a standard GBIC module, such as the NETGEAR AGM721F 1000BASE-SX GBIC module. This module has an SC connector that is compatible with the IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX standard.

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LED Descriptions
The front panels of the NETGEAR Model FSM726S and FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch have LEDs that provide a quick and accurate display of port speed, activity, collisions, and duplex mode. For stacked use, there are additional LEDs for link status and master unit status (to indicate master/slave status in a stack). The Gigabit Ethernet ports also have LEDs that show link and mode status. Table 2-1 summarizes the LEDs on the switch and Gigabit Ethernet module. Table 2-1. Front Panel LEDs: Label Power Color Green Yellow Green Activity On On Blinking Off On Off On Off ACT Green Green Yellow Green Green Green Blinking Off On On Blinking On Off On Off On Off Description Power is supplied to the switch. Power On Self Test (POST) in progress Hardware failure during POST Power is disconnected Port has a valid link connection. A valid link has not been established on the port.
Link (the port number) LED Mode in (Three LEDs) Max Spd

CHAPTER 3: APPLICATIONS

Your NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch is designed to provide flexibility in configuring your network connections. It can be used as stand-alone devices or used with 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 10/100 Mbps, and 1000 Mbps hubs and switches. It can also be stacked with other FSM700S Switches to create one large virtual switch. This chapter shows how the switch can be used in various network environments. Topics include: Desktop switching Stacked Switching

Desktop Switching

Your NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch can be used as desktop switch to build a small network that enables users to have 1000 Mbps access to a file server. With full-duplex enabled, the switch port connected to the server or PC can provide 2000 Mbps throughput.
Figure 3-1: Example of Desktop Switching

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Stacked Switching
Your NETGEAR Model FSM726S Managed Stackable Switch has two bi-directional stacking ports on the back panel. Using these ports, you can build a full-duplex, switched network for large numbers of users simply by stacking units together. The high-speed stacking ports deliver more than 2 Gbps of throughput across the stacking backplane. A total of 144 10/100 ports can be put into a single stack. Stacked FSM726S Managed Stackable Switches can be assigned a single IP address using the switchs management software. The stack can then be treated as a single manageable unit with one IP address.
Figure 3-2: Example of Switched Stacking

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CHAPTER 4: INSTALLATION
This chapter describes the installation procedures for your NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch. Switch installation involves the following steps: Step 1: Preparing the site Step 2: Installing the switch Step 3: Installing a GBIC module Step 4: Connecting Switches to the Stacks Backplane Step 5: Checking the installation Step 6: Applying AC power Step 7: Connecting to the console port to manage the switch (initial configuration) Step 8: Connecting devices to the switch This chapter also discusses how to add or remove switches to your stack
Step 1: Preparing the Site
Before you install your switch, be sure your operating environment meets the operating environment requirements in Table 4-1. Table 4-1. Site Requirements Characteristics Mounting Desktop installations: Rack-mount installations: Requirements Provide a flat table or shelf surface. Use a 19-inch (48.3-centimeter) EIA standard equipment rack that is grounded and physically secure. You also need the rack-mount kit supplied with your switch.

Connect each device to an RJ-45 network port on the switchs front panel (see Figure 4-9). Use Category 5 (Cat5) unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable terminated with an RJ-45 connector to make these connections. Note: Ethernet specifications limit the cable length between the switch and the attached device to 100 m (328 ft).
Adding or Removing Switches to the stack
For the master unit to properly manage the stack, we recommend the following steps when adding or removing a switch from the stack 1. Power down all switches in the stack.
Note: Do not add or remove stacking cables while the switch is powered up. 2. Remove/Add the necessary switches
Note: the Stack In port on the master unit is always empty. 3. 4. Power up the slave units in the stack. Power up the master unit

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CHAPTER 5: SWITCH MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
This chapter gives an overview of switch management, including the methods you can use to manage your NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch. Topics include: Management Access Overview SNMP Access Protocols Software Upgrade Procedure
Management Access Overview
Your NETGEAR Model FSM726S or FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch gives you the flexibility to access and manage the switch using any or all of the following methods: An administration console Web browser interface External SNMP-based network-management application The administration console and Web browser interface support are embedded in the switchs firmware and available for immediate use. Each of these management methods has advantages. Table 5-1 compares the three management methods.
Table 5-1. Comparing Switch Management Methods Management Method Administration console Advantages Out-of-band access via direct cable connection means network bottlenecks, crashes, and downtime do not slow or prevent access No IP address or subnet needed Menu-based HyperTerminal access to full functionality (HyperTerminal are built into Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT/2000 operating systems) Secure MAKE SURE THE AREA WHERE THE SWITCH IS INSTALLED IS A SECURE AREA. Can be accessed from any location via the switchs IP address Ideal for configuring the switch remotely Compatible with Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator Web browsers Familiar browser interface Graphical data available Most visually appealing Communicates with switch functions at the Management Information Base (MIB) level Based on open standards Disadvantages Must be near switch or use dial-up connection Not convenient for remote users Not graphical

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Figure 6-13: Port Mirroring

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> Port Trunking Port Trunking is a feature that allows multiple links between switches to work as one virtual link or aggregate link. Trunks can be defined for similar port types only. For example, a 10/100 port cannot form a Port Trunk with a gigabit port. For 10/100 ports, trunks can only be formed within the same bank. A bank is ports 1 to 8, ports 9 to 16, ports 17 to 24, or port 25 and port 26 (using an FSM726S as an example), on the same switch unit. Up to four trunks can be enabled at the same time within a stack. To set up a trunk, use the space bar to select the ports that will participate in the trunk. Spanning Tree will treat trunked ports as a single virtual port. Note: you must use straight-though cables for all links in the trunk. Do not use crossover cables. Note: you must disable auto-negotiation on the ports in a trunk prior to setting up the trunk.
Figure 6-14: Port Trunking

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> Traffic Prioritization Port Priority allows the user to specify which ports have greater precedence in situations where traffic may be buffered in the switch due to congestion. The ports with a setting of high will transmit their packets before those with a normal setting. The settings on this page only affect ingress packets that are not already tagged for priority. To raise the priority of a given port, toggle the ports setting from normal to high. The default and normal setting for a port is normal.
Figure 6-15: Traffic Prioritization

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> VLAN Setup A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a means to electronically separate ports on the same switch from a single broadcast domain into separate broadcast domains. By using VLAN, users can group by logical function instead of physical location. This switch supports up to 64 VLANs. This switch supports static, port-based VLANs. The VLAN Setup options are as follows:

Figure 6-16: VLANS

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> VLANS Setup> VLAN Admin Up to 64 VLANs with unique ID numbers and names can be added. VLAN ID numbers must be in the range of 1-4094. Add a VLAN 1. Type a unique numeric VLAN ID and hit Enter 2. Type a unique VLAN name and hit Enter Remove a port or an entire VLAN To remove an entire VLAN, just press Ctrl-X anywhere on that line

Figure 6-25: MAC: Static Address

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> Enable/Disable IGMP In networks where multimedia applications generate multicast traffic, Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) can greatly reduce unnecessary bandwidth usage by limiting traffic forwarding that is otherwise broadcast to the whole network. Enabling IGMP will allow individual ports to detect IGMP queries, report packets, and manage IP multicast traffic through the switch. IGMP Enable The system will detect IGMP queries, report packets, and manage IP multicast traffic through the switch Disable The switch will forward traffic and disregard any IGMP requests.
Figure 6-26: Multimedia Support

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> SNMP You can manage this switch by SNMP from a network management station. SNMP management features on the switch include: o Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Support Standard MIBs: o MIB II (RFC1213) Ethernet Interface MIB (RFC1643) Bridge MIB (RFC1493) Private Enterprise MIB 4-Group RMON (RFC1757) This page has three options: Community Table o Host Table o Trap Setting o
Figure 6-27: SNMP Management

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> SNMP> Community Table You can create up to eight different community strings with combinations of GET, SET and TRAP privileges. These community strings need to be set prior to setting host access, as the host table depends on the existence of community strings. The public string has GET privileges by default.
Figure 6-28: SNMP Management: Community Table

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> SNMP> Host Table The screen, shown in Figure 6-29, grants a host the access rights to the switch. Host Authorization must be enabled to use the host table. Host Authorization is used as a security feature to limit people who are not listed in the host table from accessing the switch. If Host Authorization is enabled, the host must be added to this table, through the Console port connection in order for an end station to be access the switch via SNMP. Add host Enter the host name, IP address, and the community string. Press Enter after each entry to move to the next field. o In the Status field, press the Spacebar until the desired Status is displayed. o Press Ctrl-W to save all changes. o
Figure 6-29: SNMP Management: Host Table

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Main Menu> Advanced Menu> SNMP> Trap Settings Authentication Traps When on, the system will generate an SNMP trap upon a host authorization failure. This failure occurs when a host tries to gain access to the system but the hosts IP is not in the SNMP host table.

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System
This is a welcome page, which displays system information, such as: System Description o o System Name o System Contact o System Location o MAC Address IP Address o Subnet Mask o Default Gateway o Software Version o These parameters are not editable from this screen. They can be modified in the Set Up> System Configuration page.

Figure 7-3: System

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Status

The Status page contains 5 menus: Switch Statistics o o Port Statistics o Port Settings o MAC Address Table o Error Chart Status > Switch Statistics The Switch Statistics Chart allows you to compare one type of statistic across all the ports. Switch Statistics Chart Statistics o Refresh Rate o Color o The type of system data to be monitored The time interval between automatic refreshes (5, 10, 15, 30 seconds) The color setting for the chart
There are 24 kinds of Statistics that you can review on this screen: Inbound Octet Rate: Received Byte per second. Inbound Unicast Packet Rate: Received Unicast packet per second. Inbound Non-unicast Packet rate: Received Non-unicast packet per second. Inbound Discard Rate: Received and is discarded packet per second. Inbound Error Rate: Received error packet per second. Outbound Octet Rate: Transmitted byte per second. Outbound Unicast Packet Rate: Transmitted unicast packet per second. Outbound Non-unicast Packet rate: Transmitted non-unicast packet per second. Outbound Discard Rate: Transmitted and is discarded packet per second. Outbound Error Rate: Transmitted error packet per second. Ethernet Undersize Packet Rate: Less than 64byte length packet per second. Ethernet Oversize Packet Rate: More than 1518byte length packet per second Inbound Octets: Received bytes Inbound Unicast Packets: Received unicast packet Inbound Non-unicast Packets: Received non-unicast packet Inbound Discards: Received and is being discarded packet. Inbound Errors: Received and is a error packet Outbound Octets: Transmitted byte Outbound Unicast Packets: Transmitted unicast packet Outbound Non-unicast Packets: Transmitted non-unicast packet. Outbound Discards: Transmitted and is being discarded packet Outbound Errors: Transmitted and is an Error packet. Ethernet Undersize Packets: Less than 64byte length packet Ethernet Oversize Packets: more than 1518 byte length packet.

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Figure 7-4: Statistics: Switch Statistics

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Status > Port Statistics The Port Statistics Chart shows all the statistic types for one port over time. Port The port on which data will be monitored o Refresh Rate The time interval between automatic refreshes o Color The color setting for the data o There are 12 kinds of Port Statistics Inbound Octets: Received bytes Inbound Unicast Packets: Received unicast packet Inbound Non-unicast Packets: Received non-unicast packet Inbound Discards: Received and is being discarded packet. Inbound Errors: Received and is a error packet Outbound Octets: Transmitted byte Outbound Unicast Packets: Transmitted unicast packet Outbound Non-unicast Packets: Transmitted non-unicast packet. Outbound Discards: Transmitted and is being discarded packet Outbound Errors: Transmitted and is an Error packet. Ethernet Undersize Packets: Less than 64byte length packet Ethernet Oversize Packets: more than 1518 byte length packet.

Figure 7-13: Software Upgrade

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Tools> Save Configuration After making any changes to the screens within the Web Interface, you can save the changed settings to NVRAM. If changes are not saved to NVRAM, then they will be lost during the next switch reset or reboot. Restore the factory configuration by selecting 'Restore'. Note: network IP settings (i.e. IP address, Gateway Address, Network Mask) will not be affected by the Restore command.
Figure 7-14: Save Configuration

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Tools> Device Reset In this screen the user can reset (power cycle) the switch. This is primarily used to upgrade the firmware or restore defaults. Reset the switch by selecting 'Reset'
Figure 7-15: Device Reset

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Security
Passwords The password entered is encrypted on the screen and will display as a sequence of asterisks (*). The user name is admin and cannot be changed. The user name and password are case sensitive. Enable the password protection o Type the new administrator password in the New password field o Type the same password in the Verify field o Click Apply to activate the new password o Note: If you have enabled password protection without setting your own password, the default password is 1234.
Figure 7-16: System Manager: Password Admin

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Advanced
The Advanced page allows professional users to operate more complicated features of the device, which include VLAN, Spanning Tree, Port Trunking, Multimedia support (IGMP), traffic prioritization, SNMP, and port mirroring. These features are powerful and can degrade or damage a networks performance if improperly used. o Port Mirroring: Users can designate a port for monitoring traffic from one or more other ports or of a single VLAN configured on the switch. The switch monitors the network activity by copying all traffic from the specified monitoring sources to the designated monitoring port, to which a network analyzer can be attached. Port Trunking: a feature that allows multiple links between switches to work as one virtual link (aggregate link). Trunks can be defined for o similar port types only. For example, a 10/100 port cannot form a Port Trunk with a gigabit port. For 10/100 ports, trunks can only be formed within the same bank. A bank is a set of eight ports. Up to four trunks can be operating at the same time. Toggle the ports to the correct trunk number to set up a trunk. After clicking Apply, the trunk will be enabled. Spanning Tree will treat trunked ports as a single virtual port. Multimedia Support (IGMP): The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is an Internet protocol that provides a way for network o devices to report multicast group membership to adjacent routers. Traffic Prioritization (CoS): Class of Service (CoS), also referred to as Quality of Service (QoS), is a way of managing traffic in a network, o by treating different types of traffic with different levels of service priority. Higher priority traffic gets faster treatment during times of switch congestion. VLANs: A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a means to electronically separate ports on the same switch from a single broadcast o domain into separate broadcast domains. By using VLAN, users can group by logical function instead of physical location. There are 64 VLAN supported on this switch. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) ensures that only one path at a time is active between any two network nodes. There are maybe more o than two physical path between any two nodes for redundant paths; STP ensures only one physical path is active and the others are blocked. STP will prevent an inadvertent loop in a network, which can disable your network due to a Broadcast storm, the result of a broadcast message traveling through the loop again and again. o MAC: MAC address table management

File transfer is slow or performance degradation is a problem. A segment or device is not recognized as part of the network. FDX LED is blinking yellow excessively.
Half- or full-duplex setting on the switch and the connected device are not the same. One or more devices are not properly connected, or cabling does not meet Ethernet guidelines. Collisions are occurring on the connected segment. Duplex modes are mismatched.
ACT LED is flashing continuously on all connected ports and the network is disabled
A network loop (redundant path) has been created (see Figure 2-3).
Additional Troubleshooting Suggestions
If the suggestions in Table B-1 do not resolve your problem, refer to the troubleshooting suggestions in this section. Network Adapter Cards Make sure the network adapter cards installed in the PCs are in working condition and the software driver has been installed. Configuration If problems occur after altering the network configuration, restore the original connections and determine the problem by implementing the new changes, one step at a time. Make sure that cable distances, repeater limits, and other physical aspects of the installation do not exceed the Ethernet limitations. Switch Integrity If required, verify the integrity of the switch by resetting the switch. To reset the switch, use the Tools> Reset command or remove AC power from the switch and then reapply AC power. If the problem continues, contact NETGEAR technical support. In North America, call 1-888-NETGEAR. If you are outside of North America, please refer to the support information card included with your product. Auto Negotiation The 10/100 Mbps ports negotiate the correct duplex mode and speed if the device at the other end of the link supports auto negotiation. If the device does not support auto negotiation, the switch only determines the speed correctly and the duplex mode defaults to half-duplex. The gigabit port on the Gigabit module negotiates speed, duplex mode, and flow control, provided that the attached device supports autonegotiation.

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APPENDIX C: Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
A Local Area Network (LAN) can generally be defined as a broadcast domain. Hubs, bridges or switches in the same physical segment or segments connect all end node devices. End nodes can communicate with each other without the need for a router. Routers connect LANs together, routing the traffic to appropriate port. A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a local-area network with a definition that maps workstations on some other basis than geographic location (for example, by department, type of user, or primary application). To communicate between VLANs, traffic must go through a router, just as if they were on two separate LANs. A VLAN is a group of PCs, servers and other network resources that behave as if they were connected to a single, network segment even though they may not be. For example, all marketing personnel may be spread throughout a building. Yet if they are all assigned to a single VLAN, they can share resources and bandwidth as if they were connected to the same segment. The resources of other departments can be invisible to the marketing VLAN members, accessible to all, or accessible only to specified individuals, depending on how the IT manager has set up the VLANs. The Advantages of VLANs Easy to do network segmentation Users communicate most frequently with each other can be grouped into common VLANs, regardless of physical location. Each group's traffic is largely contained within the VLAN, reducing extraneous traffic and improving the efficiency of the whole network. Easy to manage The addition of nodes, as well as moves and other changes, can be dealt with quickly and conveniently from a management interface rather than the wiring closet. Increased performance VLANs free up bandwidth by limiting node-to-node and broadcast traffic throughout the network. Enhanced network security VLANs create virtual boundaries that can only be crossed through a router. So standard, router-based security measures can be used to restrict access to each VLAN VLAN Behavior in the FSM726S and FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch Packets received by the switch will be treated in the following way: o When an untagged packet enters a port, it will be automatically tagged with the ports default VLAN ID tag number. Each port has a default VLAN ID setting that is user configurable (the default setting is 1). The default VLAN ID setting for each port can be changed in that ports respective Port Configuration page. When a tagged packet enters a port, the tag for that packet will be unaffected by the default VLAN ID Setting. The packet will now proceed to the VLAN specified by its VLAN ID tag number. If the port in which the packet entered does not have membership with the VLAN specified by the VLAN ID tag, the packet will be dropped. Port VLAN membership settings are changed in the Primary VLAN page. If the port has membership to the VLAN specified by the packets VLAN ID, the packet will be able to be sent to other ports with the same VLAN ID membership. Packets leaving the switch will be either tagged or untagged depending on the setting for that ports VLAN membership properties.

A U for a given port and VLAN will mean that packets leaving the switch from that port and VLAN will be Untagged. Inversely, a T for a given port and VLAN will mean that packets leaving the switch from that port and VLAN will be tagged with the respective VLAN ID in which it participated in.

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Two examples of for setting up VLANs will be given. Example 1 will step through a simple two-group VLAN setup. Example 2 will step through a more elaborate setup illustrating all possible scenarios for a comprehensive understanding of tagged VLANs. Example 1 This example shows the basics of setting up a VLAN. 1. In the VLAN Administration page, add a new VLAN to the list, shown below as First with a VLAN ID value of 2.
In the VLAN Membership page, use the space bar to modify the matrix until the desired ports are all members of the selected VLAN as either tagged or untagged ports.

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To allow untagged packets to participate in the First VLAN, make sure to change the Port VLAN IDs for the relevant ports. Access the PVID Settings page then use the space bar to add an X indicating which Port VLAN ID is assigned to which port.

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Example 2 This example demonstrates several scenarios of VLAN use and how the switch will handle VLAN and non-VLAN traffic. 1) Setup the following VLANs:
Configure the VLAN membership. Each image below shows a different VLAN to be setup. Be sure to set all of them as follows.
Note: this example uses a single switch, but the same principles apply to a VLAN that had ports on several switches in a stack

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Setup the Port VLAN IDs as follows.
Note: Port 01 PVID is set to 2. This must be done in the port specific page since there is no VLAN with ID 2
The specific ports above have the following Port VLAN ID settings (The Port VLAN ID settings for each port are configured in the VLAN Ports page): Port 01: 2 Port 02: 1 Port 03: 1 Port 04: 1 Port 05: 5 Port 06: 1 Port 07: 1 Port 08: 1 Port 09: 10 Port 10: 10 Port 11: 10 Port 12: 10 Port 13: 10 Port 14: 15 Port 15: 1 Port 16: 1
The following scenarios will produce results as described below: 1) 2) 3) 4) If an untagged packet enters Port 4, the switch will tag it with a VLAN tag value of 1. Since Port 4 does not have membership with VLAN ID 1 (default), the packet will be dropped. If a tagged packet with a VLAN tag value 5 enters Port 4, the packet will have access to Ports 5 and 1. If the packet leaves Port 5 and/or 1, it will be stripped of its tag becoming an untagged packet as it leaves the switch. If an untagged packet enters Port 1, the switch will tag it with a VLAN tag value of 2. It will then be dropped since Port 1 has no membership with VLAN ID 2. If a tagged packet with a VLAN tag value 10 enters Port 9, it will have access to Ports: 1, 10, 11, and 12. If the packets leave Ports 1 or 10, they will be tagged with a VLAN ID value of 10. If the packet leaves Ports 11 or 12, it will leave as an untagged packet. If a tagged packet with a VLAN tag value 1 enters Port 9, it will be dropped since Port 9 does not have membership with VLAN ID 1.

Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate, the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device. The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device. Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media-dependent interface ports, called MDI or uplink ports. Most repeaters and switch ports are configured as media-dependent interfaces with built-in crossover ports, called MDI-X or normal ports. Auto Uplink technology automatically senses which connection, MDI or MDI-X, is needed and makes the right connection. Figure F-1 illustrates straight-through twisted pair cable.

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Figure F-1: Straight-Through Twisted-Pair Cable
Figure F-2 illustrates crossover twisted pair cable.
Figure F-2: Crossover Twisted-Pair Cable
Patch Panels and Cables If you are using patch panels, make sure that they meet the 100BASE-TX requirements. NETGEAR recommends Category 5 UTP cable for all patch cables and work area cables to ensure that your UTP patch cable rating meets or exceeds the distribution cable rating. To wire patch panels, you need two Category 5 UTP cables with an RJ-45 plug at each end, as shown in Figure F-3.
Figure F-3: Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End
Note: Flat silver satin telephone cable may have the same RJ-45 plug. However, using telephone cable results in excessive collisions, causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network.

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Using 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 Cable Overview When using the new 1000BASE-T standard, the limitations of cable installations and the steps necessary to ensure optimum performance must be considered. The most important components in your cabling system are patch panel connections, twists of the pairs at connector transition points, the jacket around the twisted-pair cable, bundling of multiple pairs on horizontal runs and punch down blocks. All of these factors affect the performance of 1000BASE-T technology if not correctly implemented. The following sections are designed to act as a guide to correct cabling for 1000BASE-T. Cabling The 1000BASE-T product is designed to operate over Category 5 cabling. To further enhance the operation, the cabling standards have been amended. The latest standard is Category 5e, which defines a higher level of link performance than is available with Category 5 cable. If installing new cable, we recommend using Category 5e cable, since it costs about the same as Category 5 cable. If using the existing cable, be sure to have the cable plant tested by a professional who can verify that it meets or exceeds either ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A:1995 or ISO/IEC 11801:1995 Category 5 specifications. Length The maximum distance limitation between two pieces of equipment is 100 m, as per the original Ethernet specification. The end-to-end link is called the channel. TSB-67 defines the Basic Link which is the portion of the link that is part of the building infrastructure. This excludes patch and equipment cords. The maximum basic link length is 295 feet (90 m). Return Loss Return loss measures the amount of reflected signal energy resulting from impedance changes in the cabling link. The nature of 1000BASE-T renders this measurement very important; if too much energy is reflected back on to the receiver, the device does not perform optimally. Unlike 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, which use only two of the four pairs of wires within the Category 5, 1000BASE-T uses all four pairs of the twisted pair. Make sure all wires are tested this is important. Factors that affect the return loss are: The number of transition points, as there is a connection via an RJ-45 to another connector, a patch panel, or device at each transition point. Removing the jacket that surrounds the four pairs of twisted cable. It is highly recommended that, when RJ-45 connections are made, this is minimized to 1-1/4 inch (32 mm). Untwisting any pair of the twisted-pair cabling. It is important that any untwisting be minimized to 3/8 inch (10 mm) for RJ-45 connections. Cabling or bundling of multiple Category 5 cables. This is regulated by ANSI/EIA/TIA-568A-3. If not correctly implemented, this can adversely affect all cabling parameters.

Near End Cross Talk (NEXT) This is a measure of the signal coupling from one wire to another, within a cable assembly, or among cables within a bundle. NEXT measures the amount of cross-talk disturbance energy that is detected at the near end of the link the end where the transmitter is located. NEXT measures the amount of energy that is returned to the sender end. The factors that affect NEXT and cross talk are exactly the same as outlined in the Return Loss section. The cross-talk performance is directly related to the quality of the cable installation. Patch Cables When installing your equipment, replace old patch panel cables that do not meet Category 5e specifications. As pointed out in the NEXT section, this near end piece of cable is critical for successful operation. Conclusion
For optimum performance of your 1000BASE-T product, it is important to fully qualify your cable installation and ensure it meets or exceeds ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A:1995 or ISO/IEC 11801:1995 Category 5 specifications. Install Category 5e cable where possible, including patch panel cables. Minimize transition points, jacket removal, and untwist lengths. Bundling of cables must be properly installed to meet the requirements in ANSI/EIA/TIA-568A-3.

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FSM750S
48-Port 10/100 Mbps Managed Stackable Switch with Gigabit Ports
High Port Density with Layer 2 Management Flexibility
Help is there when you need it! NETGEAR provides 24x7 telephone and e-mail technical support** in English, with selected local language support during office hours. A 48-port version of NETGEAR's popular FSM726S, this non-blocking, Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Stackable Managed Switch makes it easy for your growing business to keep pace with an increasing workflow. It delivers high port density, flexibility, and ease of use thats intuitive enough for new users but in a switch powerful enough for experienced professionals. You get two user interface options plus everything you need for stackable management. Built-in stacking ports provide simple, cost-effective stacking no optional modules required. Built-in gigabit ports provide dedicated uplink connectivity without sacrificing stacking ports. A stacking cable is included at no extra cost. And GBIC slots offer standards-based flexibility for maximizing uplink bandwidth.

Flexible

Two management options: an easy-to-follow browser-based interface, a command line interface, as well as an unmanaged option. Two built-in gigabit ports can be utilized as either copper gigabit uplinks or GBIC slots for optional fiber links. Can be stacked with additional FSM726S and FSM750S switches using dedicated stacking ports. This non-blocking switch provides high-performance data transfer via 48 10/100 ports, two built-in front gigabit uplinks, and two rear stacking ports that you can use to stack up to 144 ports and 6 gigabit ports. Meets your management needs, supporting SNMP, RMON, DHCP, and BootP. Advanced features include VLAN, DiffServ traffic prioritization 802.1p (QoS), RADIUS, 802.1x, port trunking, Spanning Tree, and port mirroring. Configuration files can be loaded and saved for flexibility and reliability. Use and stack it as an unmanaged switch you can use each of the management features when youre ready for them. All ports are auto-negotiating and support Auto Uplink technology. NETGEAR's Fast Ethernet Stackable Managed Switch comes with stacking ports, gigabit uplinks, a stacking cable, and rack-mounting kit.

Potent

Highly

Capable

Progressive

Complete

Everybodys Connecting.

Technical Specifications

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility: - IEEE 802.3i 10BASE-T - IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX - IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T - IEEE 802.3x Flow Control LEDs: - Per port (10/100 and Gigabit): Link, Speed, Duplex, Activity, Collision - Per device: Power, Stack In, Stack Out, Master Physical Interfaces: - 48 RJ-45 connectors for 10BASE-T and 100BASETX (Auto Uplink on all ports) - Two RJ-45 connectors for 10BASE-T, 100BASETX, and 1000BASE-T (Auto Uplink on all ports) - Two Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) slots for GBIC modules - RS-232 Console Port - Rear Stacking Connectors
Physical Specifications: - Dimensions: 440 x 260 x 86 mm (17.3 x 10.23 x 3.2 in) - Weight: 4.5 kg (10 lbs) Environmental Specifications: - Operating temperature: 0 to 40 C (32 to 104 F) - Storage temperature: -20 to 70 C (-4 to 158 F) - Operating humidity: 90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing - Storage humidity: 95% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing - Operating altitude: 3,000 m (10,000 ft) maximum - Storage altitude: 3,000 m (10,000 ft) maximum Safety: - CE mark, commercial - CSA certified (CSA 22.2 #950) - TUV licensed (EN 60 950) - UL listed (UL 1950)/cUL IEC950/EN60950 Emissions: - CE mark, commercial - FCC Part 15 Class A - VCCI Class A - EN 55022 (CISPR 22), Class A - C-Tick Electromagnetic Immunity: - EN 50082-1 - EN 55024 Warranty: - NETGEAR 5-year warranty
Performance Specifications: - Forwarding modes: Store-and-forward - Bandwidth: 20 Gbps (non-blocking) - Packet forwarding: 13 Mpps - Network latency: < 80 s for 64-byte frames (100 Mbps to 100 Mbps) - Packet buffer memory: 1.8 MB - Addressing: 48-bit MAC address - Address database size: 8,000 media access control (MAC) addresses per system - Acoustic noise: (ANSI-S10.12) 48 dB - Heat Dissipation: 29.866 BTU/hr - Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF): 54,481 hours (~6 years) Management Specifications: - IEEE 802.1x Standard for Port Based Network Access Control* - IEEE 802.1Q Static VLAN (Up to 64) - IEEE 802.1p Class of Service (CoS) - IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol - Port Trunking - Manual as per IEEE802.3ad Link Aggregation - IGMP Snooping Support - Port Mirroring Support - RFC 1157 SNMP - RFC 1757 RMON groups 1, 2, 3, and 9 - RFC 1213 MIB II - RFC 1643 Ethernet Interface MIB - RFC 1493 Bridge MIB - RFC 951 BootP - RFC 2131 DHCP - RFC 2998 DiffServ - RFC 2865 RADIUS - Private Enterprise MIB User Interfaces: - Command Menu Interface via console port - Web-based management via embedded HTTP server - Telnet remote login Electrical Specifications: - Power consumption: 47W maximum - Voltage: 100 - 127/200 - 240 VAC, 50-60 Hz

Package Contents - FSM750S Managed Stackable Switch - Null modem cable - Stacking cable - Rubber footpads for tabletop installation - Power cord - Rack-mount kit - Users guide - Support information card - Warranty card NETGEAR Related Products - FSM726 24+2 Managed Switch - FSM726S 24+2 Managed Stackable Switch - GSM712 Managed Gigabit Switch - AGM721F 1000Base-SX GBIC module

(SC connector)

4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone: 1-888-NETGEAR E-mail: info@NETGEAR.com www.NETGEAR.com
2003 NETGEAR, Inc. NETGEAR, the Netgear logo, The Gear Guy, Everybody's connecting and Auto Uplink are trademarks or registered trademarks of NETGEAR, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Information is subject to change without notice. All rights reserved. ** Free basic installation support provided for 90 days from date of purchase; optional premium support available.
* available via a free download from the Netgear web site in July 2003

D-FSM750S-1.1