THE PC88 MADE EASY

A Step by Step Guide
Includes 27 Different Tutorials Designed For Specific Applications Plus Programming Tips, Tricks, and Shortcuts

by David Fox

PC88 Made Easy

Young Chang Distributors

Young Chang America, Inc. PO Box 99995 Lakewood, WA 98499-0995 Tel: (253) 589-3200 Fax: (253) 984-0245 support@kurzweilmusicsystems.com www.kurzweilmusicsystems.com YoungChang Akki Co., Europe GmbH Industriering 45 D-41751 Viersen Germany Tel: 2162-4491 Fax: 2162-41744 www.kurzweil-europe.de support@kurzweil-europe.de Young Chang Canada Corp. 3650 Victoria Park Ave. #105 Toronto, ONT Canada M2H 3P7 Tel: (416) 492-9899 Fax: (416) 492-9299 Young Chang Akki, Co. Ltd. 16th Floor Dongwoo-Bldg No. 708-1 Yoksam-Dong, Kangnam-Gu Seoul, Korea 135-080 Tel: 2-3451-3500 Fax: 2-3451-3596
BASIC CONCEPTS & USER INTERFACE ISSUES
The Two Play Modes User Interface Basics Sound/Setup Select Data Entry Zone Parameters Zone Select Effects Editing Shortcuts -
TUTORIALS Intro 1. Layering Two or More Programs 2. Splitting Two or More Programs 3. Assigning Sliders for Volume in Different Zones 4. Setting Initial Volume Levels for Different Zones 5. Returning Volume Levels to Full Values when Exiting a Setup 6. Adjusting Relative Volumes with One Slider 7. Crossfading Zones 8. Velocity Switching 9. Switching from One Setup to Another With a Pedal 10. Switching from One Program to Another with a Pedal 11. Switching Banks & Programs with a Pedal 12. Customizing the Effects Settings 13. Transposing a Zone with a Button 14. Panning Zones Hard Left & Right 15. Using the Arpeggiator 16. Using the Various Arpeggiator Latch Modes 17. Assigning a Slider to Arpeggiator Velocities 18. Using the Arpeggiator with a Sequencer or External Controller 19. Using the PC88 to Control External Slaves 20. Bank Controller Issues for External Slaves 21. Switching Programs on External Slaves without Playing Them
22. Playing Programs on External Slaves without sending Program Changes 42 23. Working With an External Sequencer 24. Recording Setups to a Sequencer 25. Customizing the Internal Voices Mode

Rev. B

26. Using SysEx to Store Your Setups 27. Trouble Shooting ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A Note About the Physical Controllers Some info on the Global Parameters Using the Copy Function Special characters for naming Setups
This guide walks you step-by-step through a variety of typical programming applications you might use in the creation of Setups on the PC88. The first part of this document reviews some of the basic concepts of the PC88 design and user interface, including editing shortcuts. The second part contains a series of step by step tutorials, each of which demonstrates a different function.

The Two Play Modes

The PC88 has two basic Play Modes - Internal Voices and MIDI Setups. You switch between these two modes using the Internal Voices and MIDI Setups buttons in the Sound/ Setup Select area. If you only need to play one Program at a time, use Internal Voices mode. (Typically a Program will be just one sound, but there are some Programs that have a couple of sounds layered together, such as Piano & Strings). The PC88 is always in Internal Voices mode when you first power it up. If you have a regular PC88, then you have one bank of 64 Programs that you can access. These are most easily accessed by using the 16 Sound Select Buttons, which are labeled by Sound Category. Under each category, there are 4 variations, which you can select using the Next Group and Previous Group buttons. You can also select a Program by typing its number on the numeric keypad and then pressing Enter. Appendix A in the manual lists all the Internal Voice programs and their numbers. In addition, once you are on a program, you can scroll through them in numeric order by using the alpha wheel or the + and - buttons under the wheel. If you have a PC88MX, then you have additional banks of sounds. The banks are as follows: Bank 0 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 3 Internal Voices General MIDI Expansion Voices 64 Note Polyphonic

to copy parameters from one zone to another or even from one Setup to another. The PC88 makes it easy to do this. Details on using the Copy function can be found at the end of this document, after all the tutorials.
PC88 Made Easy TUTORIALS Intro
These tutorials have been designed to start simply and increase in complexity. To avoid a great deal of duplication, later tutorials will refer to steps from previous tutorials. Editing from the Default Setup: All of the tutorials start from the Setup 127, the Default Setup. One thing you want to be careful of - if you start from an existing Setup and make changes, some of the parameters from that original Setup may be set to do specific things, which will affect what you are trying to do. A good example of this is Setup #1. It has the F button assigned to a GoTo Program function in zone 1. If you edit Setup #1 and change the program for zone 1 under the Program button, it will appear that your change doesnt work correctly after you save your Setup. What is happening is that the F button control function overrides the setting of the Program parameter. For this reason, it is usually easier to start with the Default Setup. If you do start with one of the preset Setups, please be sure to look in Appendix E of the manual to see the controller assignments for that Setup. Another thing to be aware of - whenever you call up a Setup, the PC88 copies all of the parameter values into an edit buffer. Any changes you make are made in that edit buffer, and the changes dont go into memory until you Store that Setup. If no Setup exists at a specific location, then nothing is copied into the edit buffer, and so the data in the edit buffer is whatever was there from the last real Setup. For example, lets say you start with a PC88 set to factory defaults (no user Setups saved in memory). Now you call up Setup 1. All the parameters from Setups 1 are placed in the edit buffer. Next you call up Setup #67. But there is no Setup #67 yet in the instrument, so the display says Not Found. Since nothing existed there, the values from Setup #1 are still in the edit buffer and if you start editing those values will be there unless you change them. As you can imagine, this can lead to confusion. So again, the best way to create your own Setup is to either start with Setup 127, or start with another existing Setup if you know how its parameters are set and want to make use of those settings. There are actually two possible Setups you can start with. Setup 127 Default Setup has some of the controllers set to default settings for all 4 zones. For example, the Switch Pedal 1 is set to Sustain and the wheels are set to Mod Wheel and Pitch Bend. Other controllers are unassigned. Setup 128 A Clear Setup has ALL of the controllers unassigned. Typically it is easier to start with Setup 127, since you will normally want those basic controllers set to their default values. The following tutorials assume you have a switch pedal plugged into the Switch Pedal 1 j ack (for Sustain). Some of these tutorials also require that you have a second switch pedal plugged in to the Switch Pedal 2 j ack. If you dont have a second pedal, you can

still follow the example, using the E, F, and G buttons in the Assignable Controllers area to do the same thing.
1. Layering Two or More Programs
To play two or more programs, you must create a Setup with a zone for each program, and each zone set to a different MIDI channel. 1. Press the MIDI Setups button, then type 127, then press Enter on the numeric keypad. 2. Press the MIDI Transmit button. If the display doesnt show Zone 1, press the Zone 1 button. Press 1, then Enter. The button will now be lit green and the display will show it is set to channel 1. 3. Press the Program button. Choose the Program you want for the first zone. You can select it by using the alpha wheel, the + and - buttons, or the numeric keypad. (The programs and their numbers are listed in Appendices A & B in the manual.) Or you can use the Sound Select and Next/ Previous Group buttons, as described at the beginning of this document. 4. Step 3 will allow you to choose any program from the Internal Voice bank. But if you have the VGM board and want to choose a program from one of the VGM banks, then you need to switch banks. There are two ways to do this. If you know exactly which program you want, then the fastest way is to type the bank number, followed by the +/ button, followed by the program number, then Enter. - (The bank numbers were listed at the beginning of this document.) OR If you want to scroll through the programs in a bank, press the << button to get to the Bank parameter. Use the alpha wheel to choose the bank you want. Then press the >> button to get back to the Program parameter and use the alpha wheel to scroll through the programs in that bank. 5. Now that you have chosen your first sound, you will choose your layered sound. Press the MIDI Transmit button, then press the Zone 2 button. Notice that the channel is set to Off and the Zone 2 button is unlit. Set it to channel 2. (You can actually choose any channel but 1, since 1 is being used by zone 1.) The Zone 2 button turns green, showing that it is active. 6. Press the Program button. Repeat steps 3 or 4 to assign a program for your second layer. Play the keyboard. You should hear both sounds together. Notice that the sustain pedal works for both layers. 7. If you want to add a third or fourth layer, j ust repeat steps 5 and 6. (Just make sure to choose a different MIDI channel for each zone.) 8. Thats it!. Now all you have to do is Name and Store your Setup. Press Store. The display says Replace Setup 127?. Press the >> button so that the display says Rename Setup 127?. Press Enter. Now you are in the naming routine. You will see an underline cursor under the first character (D). Press the <<< or >>> soft buttons to move the cursor. Press a button on the numeric keypad one or more times

5. Returning Volume Levels to Full Values when Exiting a Setup
OK, so now you have created a Setup with the sliders set to control volume. Lets say that you are performing a song and you have faded out one or more zones and you go to a new Setup. You play the keyboard but dont hear the sounds on those zones! Keep in mind that all controller information is channel specific. Once a MIDI channel received a message for a controller (like Volume with a value of 0), that MIDI channel stays at that same amount until it either gets a new value of that controller, or it gets the Reset All Controllers message (this is Controller 123, and is sent when you press the Panic button). To avoid this problem, you can use Exit values. 1. Call up the Setup you created in tutorial #4. 2. Hold the Controllers button and move Slider A. If the display doesnt show Zone:1, press the zone 1 button. Press the >> button 5 times. The display should now read Zone:1 Slider A, Exit Value:None. Set the value to 127. 3. Hold the Controllers button and move Slider B. Press the zone 2 button. Press the >> button 5 times. The display should now read Zone:2 Slider B, Exit Value:None. Set the value to 127. 4. Resave your Setup by pressing the Store button. (You can save it back to the same location.) Now when you leave this Setup, the volume on channels 1 and 2 returns to the full amount, no matter where you have moved the sliders. Using Exit values is always a good idea when assigning volume to controllers, but it can have many other uses as well. For example, it could be used to turn off the arpeggiator, or return panning to center, etc.
6. Adjusting Relative Volumes with One Slider
So far we have only shown assigning a controller to one zone. But there is no reason that you cant use one controller to affect two or more zones. Lets say that you want to create a Setup with three layered zones - Piano, Electric Piano, & Strings. Furthermore, lets say you need to control the Piano and Electric Piano volumes separately, but you want to have the Strings volume controlled with the same slider you use to control the Electric Piano. In addition, you need the Strings to always be quieter than the Electric Piano. 1. Follow tutorial #1 to create a 3 zone, layered Setup, with Piano in zone 1, Electric Piano in zone 2, and Strings in zone 3. 2. Hold the Controllers button and move Slider A. If the display is not on zone 1, press the Zone 1 button. The display now shows Zone:1 Slider A, Ctrl Num:None. Press 7, then Enter to assign Slider A to Volume. 3. Press the Zone 2 button Hold the Controllers button and move Slider B. The display now shows Zone:1 Slider B, Ctrl Num:None. Press 7, then Enter to assign Slider B to Volume. 4. Press the Zone 3 button. Press 7, then Enter to assign Slider B to Volume. Play the keyboard and move the two sliders. Notice that Slider B controls the volume on both zones 2 and 3. But the strings are still as loud as the electric piano. 5(a). Press the >> button twice. The display now shows Zone:3 Slider B, Ctrl Offset:0. Press the +/ button, then 37, then Enter. The Offset will now be set to -37. The Offset parameter will subtract (or add if the number is positive) a specific amount to the normal value of the slider. So when the slider is all the way up, the value is 12737=90. So as you move the slider up and down, the strings are always 37 less in volume than the electric piano. As you move the slider down to the normal 37 position, the volume level for the strings would be 37-37=0. What happens when you move the slider lower? MIDI can only send values between 0 and 127, so once the value reaches 0, the slider doesnt send any additional messages as you move it lower. 5(b). There is a second way to accomplish the same thing, although the end results will be slightly different. You should still be on the Offset parameter for Zone 3. Set it back to 0 so there is no Offset, and press the << button once. The display now shows Zone:3 Slider B, Ctrl Scale:100%. Press 71, then Enter. The Scale parameter applies a percentage to the normal slider value. So if you move the slider all the way up, the value will be 127 x.71=90.17 (since MIDI only send integer values this will be rounded to 90). So when the slider is all the way up, it is sending the same value as the example above using Offset.

7. To hear the effect changes better, it will be easier to temporarily mute the VGM effect while you edit the Internal effect. Press the Zone 3 button. Since Zone 3 was already selected, the second button press mutes the zone and the light turns orange. Play the keyboard and you will only hear the Marimba and Metal Marimba patches. 8. Although you can use the buttons in the effects section to quickly call up basic effects settings, you have additional control available within the Zone parameters. Press the Zone 1 button. Press the >> button. The display changes to show Int Rev Wet. dry This is the wet/ mix for the reverb. Try changing the values from low to high, using the alpha wheel, and play the keyboard to hear the difference. After playing with it, set this parameter to 85. 9. Press the >> button. The display now shows Int Rev Time. This sets the overall decay time of the reverb. Again, use the alpha wheel to change the values and play the keyboard to hear the difference. After playing with it, set this parameter to 70. For more on how this parameter works, please see page 7-2 in the manual. 10. Now we will edit the Chorus effect in Zone 3. Press the Zone 3 button twice. The first button press selects the zone and the second one unmutes it. The button is green again. Now we will want to mute the other two zones so we can hear the Electric Piano clearly. But instead of going through all the button presses needed to select those zones and mute them, an easier way is to solo the current zone. Press the Solo button. The Zone 3 button now turns red, showing that it is the only zone you will hear. 11. Press the >> button three times. The display now shows the VGMFx parameter. Notice it is set to Chorus 2, which is what we had selected for this zone, in the Effects section. 12. The VGM effects have an identical set of parameters to those available for the Internal effects. Press the >> button 3 times. You will pass by the VGM Rev Wet and VGM Rev Time. Since we have no reverb on this zone, we wont be using those parameters. The display now shows VGM Eff Wet. This controls the wet/ dry mix of the chorus and reverb. Try changing the values from low to high, using the alpha wheel, and play the keyboard to hear the difference. After playing with it, set this parameter to 75. 13. Press the >> button again. This parameter is VGM Eff Delay, and controls the time of the Delay effect. Since we are using Chorus, changing this parameter wont do anything. Press the Solo button. All of the Zones are now heard if you play the keyboard. 14. Name and Save this Setup.

This Setup was designed so that simply by calling it up, the zones would be panned the way we wanted, but when we leave the Setup, panning is returned to normal. This way, other Setups which use the same MIDI channels wont be panned. Of course, you might want to have all of your Setups panned in the same manner. But by using the Exit State or Exit Value parameters, you can ensure you dont have any unexpected surprises when you select a different Setup.
15. Using the Arpeggiator
One often overlooked feature of the PC88 is the arpeggiator. This can be a lot of fun to play with - you can get many interesting and unusual effects. Basically, an arpeggiator takes notes that you play and repeats them in a pattern. Typically, you might use it to arpeggiate chords that you play, but it can have other uses such as playing percussion patterns. This tutorial will be a bit different from the others - instead of creating a specific arpeggiator effect, we will experiment with various parameters and hear the different results. You can use the Arpeggiator in both the Internal Voices and MIDI Setups mode. We will start in Internal Voices mode, but if you find a specific set of parameter values that you like as you explore through the tutorial, you can simply press the Store button to save the settings as a single zone Setup. 1. Start in Internal voices and call up any sound that you want to work with. To best hear the effects of the arpeggiator, you might want to start with a program that has a percussive attack, such as piano, marimba, guitar, etc. 2. Press the Arpeggiator button. Turn the Arp Active parameter On. Play a chord on the keyboard. You should hear the notes arpeggiated. If you hear nothing at all, go to the Global Menu and check to make sure the Clock parameter is set to Internal. If you hear notes but they arent arpeggiated, press the >> three times to make sure Zone Enable is On and once more to make sure Latch Mode is set to Keys. Try playing a single note. Notice that it is repeated. Try adding more notes. As you press them they are added to the arpeggio. Let go of one of the keys. Notice that note is dropped from the arpeggio while the others continue. Notice that the arpeggiator plays the notes in the specific order that you strike them. Also notice that the loudness of the arpeggiated notes depends on how hard you strike the keys. Hold the sustain pedal and let go of the keys. Notice that even though the notes ring out like they would when you press the sustain pedal, the arpeggiation stops. In order for the arpeggiator to work, the keys must be held down, or otherwise latched (we will cover various latching methods in the next tutorial). Now turn the Arp Active parameter back to Off. 3. Hold the Controllers button and press the F controllers button. Set the Switch Type to Toggle. Press the >> button, then 116, then Enter. The PC88 uses MIDI controller 116 to turn the arpeggiator on and off. Press the >> button and set the On Value to 64. Press the >> button twice and set the Off Value to 0. Since a Switch controllers has only two states (On or Off), any value between 0 and 63 is considered Off and and any value between 64 and 127 is On. Now if you turn the button on andstrike the keys, you will hear arpeggiation. If you turn the button off, then you will just hear the notes you played. Leave the button turned on. 4. As long as we are programming the controllers, we will set something else that we will use later. Hold the Controllers button, strike any key and press down. The display will 29

These three parameters allow you to do some pretty wild things with the arpeggiator. The best thing to do is just experiment with different settings. When you find something you like, you can save it as a Setup. 14. Press the >> button. If you turn the last parameter, Glissando, to On, then the arpeggiator will not only play the notes you strike, it will also play all the notes in between the notes you strike. In addition to making regular arpeggios with pitched instruments, you can get interesting effects with by using the arpeggiator with drum and percussion programs. The PC88 itself has somewhat limited abilities in this area since you cant edit the drum programs, but if you use the PC88 to control an external sound module in which you can edit the sounds, you can create many interesting patterns. The key to this is to create programs that have no sample assigned to specific notes. That way, by including those notes in your arpeggiated pattern, you can get the equivalent of rests, to create more varied rhythmic patterns. You can actually demonstrate this on the PC88 itself (if you have the VGM board), using the Latin Percussion program (#63 in the Expansion Voices bank). This program was designed so that playing certain patterns of keys would create specific rhythms. You can use the arpeggiator to repeat that pattern over and over while you hold the notes instead of having to play them. For example if you set the Play Order to Up and you hold all the notes in a C maj or scale from C4 to C5, you will hear the Latin Tumbao pattern. These patterns are documented in the manual on page C-5. You may want to go through the various parameters we have described to create an arpeggiator setting you want to work with. Then Name and Save this Setup - we will be using it as a starting point for the next few tutorials.
16. Using the Various Arpeggiator Latch Modes
The Latch Mode parameter allows you great variation in deciding which notes that you play should be used (latched) by the arpeggiator. In the previous tutorial, Latch Mode was set to Keys, so that the arpeggiator simply latched any note you pressed and held it only as long as the key was held down. But there are many other possibilities. 1. Start with the Setup you created in the last tutorial. Hold the Controllers button and press the G controllers button. Make sure the Switch Type is set to Toggle. Press the >> button. If the button is not already set to 119 Arp Latch1, assign it to that controller. Press the >> button and set the On Value to 64. Press the >> button twice and set the Off Value to 0. Make sure the button is turned Off (the button itself is not lit). 2. Press the Arpeggiator button. Press the >> button 4 times to get to the Latch Mode parameter. Change the value to Overplay. Play some notes on the keyboard. Notice they do not arpeggiate. Now hold some notes and press the G button. The notes start arpeggiating. Let go of the keys. They still continue to arpeggiate. Play some more notes. Notice they are not added to the arpeggio. When you use Overplay mode, only the notes held when the switch is turned on will be arpeggiated. 3. Turn the G button Off. Change the value of the Latch Mode to Arpeg. Hold some notes on the keyboard, and turn the button on. Let go of the keys. So far, it works identically to Overplay mode. Now press another key. Notice that the note is added to the arpeggio. Let go of the key. The new note is removed from the arpeggio, but the other notes continue to play. 4. Turn the G button Off. Change the value of the Latch Mode to Add. Hold some notes on the keyboard, and turn the button on. Let go of the keys. Again, so far it works identically to Overplay mode. Now press another key. As with Arpeg mode, the note is added to the arpeggio. Let go of the key. Notice that it continues to be arpeggiated. You can keep striking keys and they will keep being added. Note that with Arpeg and Add modes, you dont have to be holding any notes when you turn on the G button. You can turn it on and then play notes and they will start arpeggiating. But if you then let go of the notes, they will stop playing in Arpeg mode but keep playing in Add mode (since you played the keys after turning on the Latch). 5. Turn the G button Off. Change the value of Latch Mode to Auto. The previous 3 modes all used controller 119 to latch the notes for the arpeggiator. Auto does not use controller 119. Play a chord. The notes arpeggiate. Press another key. The note gets added to the arpeggio. Let go of the key. Notice that the note is still part of the arpeggio. In fact you can let go of all keys but one, and every key that you pressed will still be part of the arpeggio. That is the difference between Auto and Keys (our original Latch mode). With Keys, once you let go of the key, the note is removed from the arpeggio. But with auto you can keep striking as many keys as you want to keep adding notes, and as long as you hold one note, you will hear all of the arpeggiated. 6. Finally, change the value of Latch Mode to Pedals. Hold the Controllers button and press the pedal connected to the Switch Pedal 1 j ack. Make sure that the Switch Type is set to Momentary. Press the >> button, then 119, then Enter, to set the pedal to Latch 1.

If you have a second switch pedal, make sure it is plugged into the Switch Pedal 2 jack. Hold the Controllers button and step on that pedal. If you dont have a second pedal, hold the Controllers button and press the E Controllers button. Make sure that the Switch Type is set to Momentary. Press the >> button, then 118, then Enter, to set the pedal to Latch 2. 7. Now, both pedals (or pedal and button) are used to Latch the arpeggiator. Play a chord. The notes are arpeggiated. Let go of the keys. The arpeggiation stops. In Pedals mode, if both are off, then the arpeggiator works as if it is in Keys mode - any notes you play are arpeggiated. Hold a chord and step on the Pedal 1 and hold it down. Let go of the keys. The notes continue to arpeggiate. Play a few more notes. They are added to the arpeggio. With Controller 119 On in Pedals mode, the arpeggiator works as if it is Add mode. Let go of Pedal 1. The arpeggiation stops. Hold a chord and step on Pedal 2 (or press the E button) and hold it down. Let go of the keys. Again the notes continue to arpeggiate. Play a few more notes. This time they are NOT added to the arpeggio. With Controller 118 On in Pedals, mode, the arpeggiator works as if it is Overplay mode. Let go of Pedal 2 (or button E). The arpeggiation stops. The reason we call this Pedals mode is that the two controllers work similarly to the way the two pedals work when they are assigned to Sustain and Sostenuto. With Controller 119, any notes held when you step on the pedal, PLUS any notes played while the pedal is still down are arpeggiated (similar to the way a piano sustains with the sustain pedal). With Controller 118, any notes held when you step on the pedal are arpeggiated, but any notes played after pedal is depressed are NOT arpeggiated (similar to the way a piano sustains with the sostenuto pedal, which is the middle pedal on a 3 pedal piano). As you can see, the latching modes give you a great deal of control over which notes get arpeggiated. We encourage you to play around with these modes as well as the other arpeggiation parameters to see what interesting uses you can find for it. One last thing to remember is that if you have a controller assigned to turn the Arpeggiator On and Off (which we did by assigning button F to this function in tutorial #15), the arpeggiator must be turned On in order for any of the latching functions to work.

what happens is that when you go to the MIDI Receive button and call up a sound for a specific channel, the display changes but the sound doesnt actually change to the new sound! So in this situation, using the second method is better. But since with this second method, Local Control is not turned off globally, when you go to the MIDI Receive button, you will be able to change the programs for individual channels. So whenever you want to sequence, just call up this Setup.
24. Recording Setups to a Sequencer
Again, this is less of a tutorial than an explanation. The thing that you need to remember about a Setup is that it transmits MIDI information on multiple MIDI channels, playing different programs on different channels. This is the same thing a sequencer does - you have different tracks, sending information on different channels. But on most sequencers, a track can only be assigned to a single channel. Therefore one track can't play a Setup, it can only play a Program since it is sending on one channel. Therefore in order to record a Setup, you must set a sequencer to multi-record. Typically this involves recording to 2 or more tracks simultaneously, with each track set to a different channel. (There are some sequencers which let you multi-record to a single track, and the sequencer keeps the various channels of information separate even though they are on one track.) As you record into the sequencer, the data is then routed to different tracks depending on what channel the information is on. Then once you play back the sequence, each track plays the individual programs on the different channels, exactly the same way you played them in the Setup. You will have to consult your sequencer manual to find out how to set it up for multirecording. You should also remember that if a zone in your Setup has the Destination parameter set to Local, the information wont be sent to the sequencer.
25. Customizing the Internal Voices Mode
Now that you have learned about various programming techniques for Setups, you might want to apply some of these things to the Internal Voices mode. Essentially, when you are in Internal Voices mode, you are playing a single zone setup. So all of the zone programming parameters apply. For example, you might want to assign a slider to Tempo Control for the Arpeggiator. This is easily done. 1. Start in Internal Voices mode. 2. Edit any of the parameters found within the MIDI Transmit, Program, Key Range, Transpose, Velocity, Controllers, and Arpeggiator buttons. 3. Press Store. The display will ask if you want to save a Setup and will pick the first empty Setup location. 4. Press the Internal Voices. The display now asks if you want to save to Internal Voices. Press Enter, and you are done. Since there is only one location for the Internal Voices parameters in memory, any changes you make using this method will wipe out the defaults that currently exist for those parameters. But if you Reset the PC88, those defaults will return. (See page 9-5 in the manual for information on resetting the PC88.) There are two parameters which cant be changed from the defaults - the Program and the Bank. Whenever you boot up the PC88, it will always call up Program 0 Classical Piano in the Internal Voices Bank. After that, whatever sound you call up in Internal Voices mode is remembered and the PC88 will switch to that sound if you switch to Internal Voices mode from MIDI Setups mode. In addition, the Effects settings arent set by the above method. Since each individual Program can have its own Effects, the regular method of choosing an Effect setting for a program (as described in the intro section of this document) still applies.

27. Trouble Shooting

If you run into problems while playing or programming, there are several things you can do to help troubleshoot the problem. First of all if you are not getting the expected results from your programming or are having strange results when hooked to an external device, you can use the MIDIScope utility to see exactly what MIDI messages are being received by the PC88s sound engine. Press the Global button, the press >> until you see MIDIScope. (Or you can hold the >> button and it will quickly scroll through the parameters.) Then press Enter. The display says MIDIScope Any Button Quits. Now the display will show EVERY MIDI message that the sound engine part of the PC88 receives, whether that message comes from PC88 itself or from the MIDI In Port. You will see exactly what type of message it is along with the value of that message. For example, a note on message will show you the note number, along with the attack velocity. A controller message will show the controller number along with the controller value. It also shows you the MIDI channel of the message. To leave MIDIScope, j ust press any button on the PC88. The only limitation of MIDIScope is that it can only display one message at a time. Therefore it can be confusing if you are sending multiple channels of information at the same time. If you are testing the PC88 itself, it is best to mute all the zones but one so that you can see what info that zone is sending (or you could use the Solo button). If you are testing info coming from an external source, such as a sequencer, you would also want to mute all the tracks but one. If you suspect a physical problem with the PC88, you can use the diagnostics to test it. The diagnostics are covered in Appendix G of the manual.
PC88 Made Easy ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A Note About the Physical Controllers
The tutorials above specify that you select a particular physical controller. But you can always choose a different controller if you want. For example, you might like to switch a function with a button instead of a pedal. The programming steps are exactly the same you simply choose a different controller. The thing to remember is that the controllers fall into two different types. Switch controllers are designed to have only two states - On or Off. Continuous controllers will send a range of values between 0 and 127. Logically, you will want to pick a particular controller based on what type of message you are trying to send. If you only need to send two different values, then you would typically use a switch controller, whereas if you need to send a range of values, you have to use a continuous controller. The MIDI Controller numbers are grouped by type - Controllers 0-63, are designated for continuous control, 64-69, 96, 97, & 120-127 are switch functions. Others may be continuous or switch depending on how they are used. But there is no reason you cant use a continuous controller for a switch type function, or assign a switch controller to a MIDI continuous controller number. For example, you could assign a Slider to the Arpeggiator On/ Off function (controller #116 in the PC88). If the slider is moved to the halfway point or higher it is On, and if the slider is moved below the halfway point, it is Off. Or, you could assign a button to MIDI Volume and use it to toggle between two different specific volume levels. Another example of this is found in tutorial #14, where we used a button to set pan positions. Finally, you should keep in mind that there are actually two different types of continuous controllers. the Sliders, CC pedals, and Wheel 1, will stay wherever you move them to, but Wheel 2 (which is almost always assigned to pitch bend) and the Mono Pressure strip return to 0 when you let go of them. You would probably never want to assign MIDI Volume to Mono Pressure or you would have to press hard on the keys all the time to hear anything.

Using the Copy Function

To copy all the parameters from one zone to another: 1. Call up the Setup. If you have already entered the Setup Editor, make sure you are NOT on one of the parameters within the Controller menu. 2. Press Copy, then press the zone button for the zone you want to copy. Then press Enter. 3. Press the >> button, then press the Zone button for the zone you want to paste into. Then press Enter.
To copy all the parameters from one zone to a zone in a different Setup: 1. Call up the Setup which has the zone that you want to copy. If you have already entered the Setup Editor, make sure you are NOT on one of the parameters within the Controller menu. 2. Press Copy, then press the zone button for the zone you want to copy. Then press Enter. 3. Press the MIDI Setups button. Select the Setup that you want to paste into. 4. Press the Copy button. Press the >> button, then press the Zone button for the zone you want to paste into. Then press Enter. To copy all the controller parameters from one controller to another: 1. Call up the Setup which has the controller data that you want to copy. Hold the Controllers button and move the controller that you want to copy, to bring up the first parameter for that particular controller. If you are not on the zone which has the controller parameters you want to copy, press the zone button for the correct zone. 2. Press Copy, Enter. 3a. If you want to copy the data to the same controller but in a different zone, press the appropriate Zone button, then press the >> button to get to the Paste parameter, then Enter. 3b. If you want to copy the data to a different controller, hold the Controllers button and move the new controller. You can also choose a different zone at this point by pressing the appropriate zone button. (For example, you might want to copy all the Zone 1, Slider A parameters to Zone 2, Slider B.) Press the Copy button, then the >> button, then Enter. 3c. You can also copy the controller parameters into a different Setup. Press the MIDI Setups button and select the Setup you want to paste into. Hold the controllers button and move the appropriate controller. Press the Zone button for the appropriate Zone. Press the Copy button, then the >> button, then Enter. It is important to keep in mind that you can only copy and paste into similar controllers - the parameters for a switch controller can only go to another switch controller, and those for a continuous controller can only go to another continuous controller. To copy all the Arpeggiator parameters from one Setup to another: 1. Call up the Setup which has the arpeggiator data that you want to copy. Press the Arpeggiator button. 2. Press Copy, Enter. 3. Press the MIDI Setups button. Select the Setup that you want to paste into. Press the Arpeggiator button.

4. Press the Copy button. Press the >> button, then Enter. You should be aware that this will only copy the parameters found within the Arpeggiator menu. If you have any controllers assigned to function such as Arp Latch or Arp Switch, they will not be copied. To copy all the Effects parameters from one effects processor to the other or from one Setup to another: If you have just edited the Internal effects and want the same settings for the VGM effects (or vice versa), you can copy and paste those settings. 1. Call up the Setup which has the effects data that you want to copy. Press the Effects button. If you want to copy the Internal effects, go to step 2. If you want to copy the VGM effects, press the >> button 5 times to get to one of the VGM effects parameters. 2. Press Copy, Enter. 3a. Press the << or >> buttons until the display changes from one of the Internal effects parameters to one of the VGM effects parameters (or vice versa). Go to Step 4. 3b. You can also paste the effects into a different Setup. Press the MIDI Setups button. Select the Setup that you want to paste into. Press the Effects button. If you want to paste into the Internal effects, go to step 4. If you want to paste into the VGM effects, press the >> button 5 times to get to one of the VGM effects parameters. 4. Press the Copy button. Press the >> button, then Enter.
Special characters for naming Setups
Following is a list of all of characters available for Setup names, in the order in which they are found. The easiest way to get to them is to press one of the alphanumeric buttons to select a character close to the one you want, then scroll to it with the alpha wheel. Heres the whole list: ! # $ % & ( ) * + , -. /: ; < = > ? @ A through Z [ \ ] ^ _ a through z (space). We hope this tutorial has been helpful and you now have a much better understanding of how to program the PC88. If you have any questions or comments, please send email to support@kurzweilmusicsystems.com.

DG Audio Repair

Puyallup, WA 98375 phone: 253/770-3766 fax: 253/390-8989 email: dgarvin@dgaudiorepair.com www.dgaudiorepair.com
HARD RESET PROCEEDURES ON KURZWEIL PRO PRODUCTS
THESE PROCEEDURES WILL ERASE ALL THE SETTING YOU HAVE CHANGED AND WILL SET THE UNIT BACK TO FACTORY SETTINGS. MAKE SURE YOU BACK UP YOUR WORK. K2000: TURN UNIT ON, PRESS THE MASTER BUTTON. SELECT THE RESET SOFT BUTTON AND THEN THE YES SOFT BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF YOUR UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN BUTTONS 1, 2 & 3. TURN ON UNIT. ONCE THE PROGRAM SECTION LEDS START LIGHTING UP IN SEQUENCE, RELEASE THE BUTTONS. HERE YOU CAN SELECT HARD RESET OR DIAGNOSTICS. SELECT AN OPTION BY USING THE UP & DOWN ARROW CURSORS AND PRESSING THE ENTER BUTTON. THE BEST WAY TO FLUSH THE MEMORY IS TO ENTER DIAGNOSTICS, RUN THE PSRAM TEST THEN GIVING THE UNIT A HARD RESET. K2500: TURN UNIT ON, PRESS THE MASTER BUTTON (IF YOU HAVE THE KDFX OPTION INSTALLED, SELECT THE MAST2 SOFT BUTTON). SELECT THE RESET SOFT BUTTON AND THEN THE YES SOFT BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF YOUR UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN DISPLAY READS PLEASE WAIT PRESS AND RELEASE THE EXIT BUTTON. THE DISPLAY SHOULD READ BOOT LOADER. SELECT AN OPTION USING THE ARROW CURSORS AND PRESSING OK OR ENTER BUTTON. ANOTHER WAY IS TO ENTER DIAGNOSTICS AND RUN THE RAM/PRAM TEST AND THEN GIVE IT A RESET FROM THE BOOT LOADER PAGE. K2600: SAME AS K2500 WITH KDFX K2661: TURN UNIT ON AND LET IT FULLY COME UP, PRESS THE MASTER BUTTON AND THEN PRESS THE MAST2 SOFT BUTTON. SELECT THE RESET SOFT BUTTON AND THEN THE YES SOFT BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF YOUR UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN DISPLAY READS, PLEASE WAIT PRESS AND RELEASE THE EXIT BUTTON. THE DISPLAY SHOULD READ BOOT LOADER. SELECT THE HARD RESET SOFT BUTTON AND THEN PRESS YES TWICE TO CONFIRM. YOUR K2661 IS NOW RESET. PC88: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS THE GLOBAL BUTTON. PRESS AND HOLD THE RIGHT ARROW BUTTON UNTIL THE SCREEN STOPS SCROLLING. PRESS THE LEFT ARROW BUTTON TWICE. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THE UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN BUTTONS 1, 2 & 3 ON THE FAR RIGHT HAND SIDE. TURN ON UNIT, WAIT ABOUT A QUARTER OF A SECOND AND RELEASE THE THREE BUTTONS. SELECT HARD RESET OR DIAGS. IN DIAGNOSTIC MODE, PRESS THE + OR - BUTTON TO ADVANCE THROUGH THE DIFFERENT TESTS. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TO RUN THE TEST. PRESSING ZONE 2 WILL PUT IT INTO BURNIN MODE. PRESS CANCEL TO STOP THE BURNIN PROCESS AND SEE RESULTS.
PC1X: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS THE GLOBAL BUTTON. PRESS AND HOLD THE RIGHT ARROW BUTTON UNTIL THE SCREEN STOPS SCROLLING. PRESS THE LEFT ARROW BUTTON TWICE. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THAT DIDNT HELP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN DISPLAY READS, PLEASE WAIT PRESS AND RELEASE THE PANIC BUTTON. PRESS LEFT OR RIGHT ARROWS UNDER DISPLAY TO CYCLE THROUGH THE OPTIONS. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TO SELECT THE OPTION. PC2: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS THE GLOBAL BUTTON. PRESS AND HOLD THE RIGHT ARROW BUTTON UNTIL THE SCREEN STOPS SCROLLING. PRESS THE LEFT ARROW BUTTON TWICE. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THAT DIDNT HELP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN DISPLAY READS PLEASE WAIT PRESS AND RELEASE THE PANIC BUTTON. PRESS LEFT OR RIGHT ARROWS UNDER DISPLAY TO CYCLE THROUGH THE OPTIONS. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TO SELECT THE OPTION. ** NOTE ** MOST UNITS WITH THE ORCHESTRAL ROM WILL HAVE THE GENER MIDI LOADED INTO RAM. THIS WILL BE ERASED. TO RELOAD IT, RUN THE GM FILE THAT CAME ON THE PC2 CD WHILE THE UNIT IS ON. PC2R: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS THE GLOBAL BUTTON. PRESS AND HOLD THE RIGHT ARROW BUTTON UNTIL THE SCREEN STOPS SCROLLING. PRESS THE LEFT ARROW BUTTON TWICE. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TWICE. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THAT DIDNT HELP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN DISPLAY READS, PLEASE WAIT PRESS AND RELEASE THE EDIT BUTTON. PRESS LEFT OR RIGHT ARROWS TO THE RIGHT OF THE DISPLAY TO CYCLE THROUGH THE OPTIONS. PRESS THE ENTER BUTTON TO SELECT THE OPTION. ** NOTE ** MOST UNITS WITH THE ORCHESTRAL ROM WILL HAVE THE GENER MIDI LOADED INTO RAM. THIS WILL BE ERASED. TO RELOAD IT, RUN THE GM FILE THAT CAME ON THE PC2R CD WHILE THE UNIT IS ON. SP76/88: TO RESTORE FACTORY DEFAULTS, TURN POWER OFF. HOLD DOWN THE TWO BUTTONS LABELED PANIC. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN THE LEDS HAVE FLASHED TWICE, RELEASE THE TWO BUTTONS. WHEN THE DIPLAY READS P.L.C. PRESS ROW SELECT ONCE. DISPLAY SHOULD NOW SHOW CPU. PRESS COL SELECT ONCE. THE DISPLAY SHOULD FLICKER THEN SHOW rON. PRESS ROW SELECT FIVE TIMES UNTIL DISPLAY SHOWS lnl. PRESS COL SELECT ONCE. PRESS UP ARROW (YES) BUTTON ONCE. THE DISPLAY SHOULD SHOW PAS. TURN UNIT OFF. UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF IT READS FAL THEN THERE IS A HARDWARE PROBLEM. KME-61: HAVE THE UNIT UP AND RUNNING. PRESS AND RELEASE THE MASTER BUTTON. PRESS THE DOWN ARROW BUTTON FOUR TIMES. THE DISPLAY SHOULD NOW READ SYSTEM RESET. SELECT RESET, YES, YES. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET KSP-8: TURN UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN DISPLAY READS, PLEASE WAIT PRESS AND RELEASE THE EXIT BUTTON. THE DISPLAY SHOULD READ BOOT LOADER. SELECT THE HARD RESET SOFT BUTTON AND THENPRESS YES TWICE TO CONFIRM. YOUR KSP8 IS NOW RESET.

RUMOUR/MANGLER: HAVE THE UNIT UP AND RUNNING. PRESS AND RELEASE THE MASTER BUTTON. TURN THE PARAMETER SELECT KNOB UNTIL HARD RESET IS DISPLAYED. PRESS THE LOAD BUTTON AND THEN THE TAP BUTTON. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET. EXPRESSION MATE: TURN OFF. HOLD THE STORE BUTTON AND TUN ON. YOU SHOULD SEE THE RESTORE DEFAULTS MESSAGE. PRESS YES. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. ME-1: NONE KMP-1: NONE
ENTERING DIAGNOSTICS AND HARD RESET PROCEEDURES ON KURZWEIL HOME PRODUCTS
RG100: PRESS AND RELEASE THE FUNCTION BUTTON. PRESS THE HIGHEST NOTE. TURN THE UNIT OFF. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF YOUR UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN DOWN THE VOLUME. HOLD DOWN THE FUNCTION BUTTON. TURN UNIT ON. COUNT TO THREE THEN RELEASE THE FUNCTION BUTTON. ONLY THE SELECT AND POWER LEDS SHOULD BE LIT. PRESS AND RELEASE THE REVERB BUTTON. LET THE TESTS RUN FOR 3 MINUTES. TURN UNIT OFF. THE RG100 IS NOW RESET. RG200: PRESS AND RELEASE THE FUNCTION BUTTON. PRESS THE HIGHEST NOTE. TURN THE UNIT OFF. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THAT DIDNT HELP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. TURN DOWN THE VOLUME. PRESS AND RELEASE THE FUNCTION BUTTON. PRESS AND RELEASE THE SIXTH E FLAT FROM THE LEFT. JUST THE POWER AND PLAY LEDS SHOULD BE LIT. PRESS AND RELEASE THE STAGE/ROOM BUTTON. LET THE TESTS RUN FOR 3 MINUTES. TURN UNIT OFF. THE RG200 IS NOW RESET. THE UNIT MAY PRODUCE BOOMING SOUNDS, WHICH ARE NORMAL. MARK 1: NONE AVAILABLE MARK 2: SAME AS RG100 MARK 3: SAME AS RG200 MARK 5: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS AND HOLD MIDI. WHILE HOLDING THE MIDI BUTTON, PRESS AND RELEASE THE HIGHEST NOTE. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THE UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN THE TRANSPOSE, MIDI AND DEMO BUTTONS. TURN UNIT ON. WAIT 5 SECONDS THEN RELEASE ALL THREE BUTTONS. PRESS AND RELEASE THE CHORUS/ECHO/SYMPHONIC BUTTON. LET THE TESTS RUN FOR 3 MINUTES. TURN UNIT OFF. THE MARK 5 IS NOW RESET. MARK 6: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS AND HOLD MIDI. WHILE HOLDING THE MIDI BUTTON, PRESS AND RELEASE THE HIGHEST NOTE. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THE UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN THE KEY START, PEDAL START AND METRONOME BUTTONS. TURN UNIT ON. WAIT 5 SECONDS THEN RELEASE ALL BUTTONS. PRESS THE CHORUS/ECHO/SYMPHONIC BUTTON. WAIT 3 MINUTES. TURN UNIT OFF. THE MARK 6 IS NOW RESET. MARK 8: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS AND HOLD MIDI. WHILE HOLDING THE MIDI BUTTON, PRESS AND RELEASE THE HIGHEST NOTE. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THE UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN THE BROADWAY/CLASSICAL, 16 BEAT-1/16 BEAT AND FILL TO ORIGINAL BUTTONS. TURN UNIT ON. WAIT 5 SECONDS THEN RELEASE ALL BUTTONS. PRESS THE CHORUS/ECHO/SYMPHONIC BUTTON. WAIT 3 MINUTES. TURN UNIT OFF. THE MARK 8 IS NOW RESET.

MARK 10/110/150: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS AND HOLD MIDI. WHILE HOLDING THE MIDI BUTTON, PRESS AND RELEASE THE HIGHEST NOTE. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THE UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN THE SWING/JAZZ WALTZ AND START/STOP BUTTONS. TURN UNIT ON AND SWIFTLY PRESS AND HOLD THE TRACK 1 BUTTON. WAIT 5 SECONDS THEN RELEASE ALL THREE BUTTONS. THE DISPLAY SHOULD READ 000. PRESS THE UP ARROW BUTTON UNTIL THE DISPLAY READS 003. PRESS AND RELEASE THE VARIATION BUTTON. AFTER A FEW SECONDS THE CHORD HOLD LED SHOULD FLASH INDICATING THE TEST PASSED. TURN UNIT OFF. THE MARK 10 IS NOW RESET. MARK 12/112/152: PRESS THE MIDI/PREF BUTTON. PRESS THE RESET SOFT BUTTON. PRESS THE DO IT SOFT BUTTON. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THE UNIT WONT COME UP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. HOLD DOWN THE KEY START, KEY STOP AND LAYER VOLUME BUTTONS. TURN THE UNIT ON, WAIT 5 SECONDS AND THEN RELEASE ALL THREE BUTTONS. SELECT RUN DIAGS. PRESS THE UP ARROW UNTIL THE DISPLAY READS RAM TEST. PRESS THE START/STOP BUTTON TO RUN THE TEST. WHEN THE DISPLAY READS SUCCESS. TURN UNIT OFF. THE MARK 12 IS NOW RESET. V110/150: TURN THE UNIT ON. PRESS THE PREFERENCES BUTTON AND SELECT THE RESET SOFT BUTTON. SELECT THE FACTORY RESET SOFT BUTTON. YOUR UNIT IS NOW RESET. IF THAT DIDNT HELP, TURN THE UNIT OFF. TURN UNIT ON. WHEN THE SCREEN READS, PLEASE WAIT PRESS THE DEMO BUTTON. WHEN THE DISPLAY READS MAIN MENU PRESS THE LEFT ARROW BUTTON ONCE. THEN PRESS THE SOFT BUTTON ABOVE ENTER IN THE DISPLAY. THEN PRESS THE SOFT BUTTON BELOW YES IN THE DISPLAY RE-210: HAVE THE UNIT TURNED ON. PRESS AND RELEASE THE MIDI/PREF BUTTON. THE BUTTON SHOULD START BLINKING. PRESS AND RELEASE THE PERCUSSION (9) BUTTON. YOU SHOULD NOW SEE Y ? IN THE DISPLAY. PRESS AND RELEASE THE UP BUTTON. THE UNIT IS NOW RESET. KHP-101: NONE DMTI: NONE