SB-26 (E)

03.1.14 7:16 PM

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FOREWORD
Thank you for purchasing the Nikon Autofocus Speedlight SB-26. Used with Nikons newest SLRs (F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601M/N6000, F50-Series/ N50, F-401x/N5005, F-401/N4004 and F-401s/ N4004s), it offers you the most advanced and complete system for automatic flash photography available. To get the maximum performance from your new SB-26, be sure to take time to read the instruction manual carefully.
For Effective Use of This Manual
Using this manual is simple. Read the pages with shaded index tabs indicating your camera name. These index tabs lead you to all of the information you need to learn about using the SB-26 with your camera. The SB-26 and todays newest Nikon models offer exceptionally high performance. They include more features than ever before, all of which can help you make great pictures. Because there are so many features, the instruction manual is extensive, and may seem a little intimidating. We urge you, however, to thoroughly read the manuals before you begin using the SB-26. That way you will be fully familiar with the features and the way they work. For the convenience of latest Nikon SLR users, the SB-26 offers automatic adjustment functions when used with certain lenses. Automatic operations is detailed beside manual operation in shaded boxes with mark. By becoming thoroughly familiar with the SB-26, you will be able to use its advanced features more effectively and enjoy great results from the very beginning.
F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 Users F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Users F50-Series/N50 and F-401x/N5005 Users F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
The Nikon N70, N90s, N90, N8008, N8008s, N6006, N6000, N50, N5005, N4004 and N4004s are sold exclusively in the U.S.A. The Nikon N2020 and N2000 are sold exclusively in the U.S.A. and Canada. 2
F3-Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 Users

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Table Of Contents
For Effective Use of This Manual..2 Table of Contents..Checking Battery Power...23 Adjustment Functions Using LCD Panel and Built-in Functions..Adjusting Flash Head To Horizontal/ Front Position..Using LCD Panel For ShootingDistance Computation.Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment).Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment).Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment).For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users: Choosing A Flash Method/Set Up and Practice.Non-TTL Auto Flash A Mode Shooting with Varied Lens Apertures..Manual Flash D Mode Manual LightOutput Control..Synchronization in Continuous Shooting.90 Repeating Flash G Mode For Multiple Exposure...Conserve Energy and Shorten Recycling Time..Guide Number To Calculate a Proper Aperture..118 Diffusing Light To Soften Harsh Shadow...Bounce Flash Photography..122 Using a Diffuser..123 Close-Up Flash Photography in TTL Auto Flash Mode To Flash On A Very Close Subject..Multiple Flash Photography Using More Than One Speedlights..Wireless Slave Flash Photography..Multiple Flash Photography Using Cord.System Chart for TTL Multiple Flash.Accessories for TTL Multiple Flash.136
Chapter 1: Introducing the SB-26 Autofocus Speedlight
Nomenclature...Main Features/Functions SB-26s Flash Capabilities..Fully Automatic Fill Flash..Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash..11 TTL Multi-Sensor Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash With F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70...12 FP High-Speed Sync Flash..Rear-Curtain Sync Flash...15 Red-Eye Reduction Control..16 Repeating Flash...16 SB-26 Feature Comparison: Flash Operations Available with Your Camera..17
Chapter 4: Flash-Shooting Applications
FP High-Speed Sync Flash Flash Photography At Higher Shutter Speeds..Guide number in FP High-Speed Sync Flash..Red-Eye Reduction Control For Better Flash Portraits...104 Rear-Curtain Sync Flash For Natural Light Flows...105 Flash Exposure Compensation To Make FlashIlluminated Subject Lighter or Darker.Exposure Compensation with Cameras Dial To Make Background Lighter or Darker.Open Flash Button For Test Firing.110 Built-In Wide Flash Adapter For Shorter Focal-Length Lenses..111 Zoom-Lock Capability To Fix Zoom-Head Position..Trouble With Wide Flash Adapter..113 AF Assist LED Autofocus Flash Photography in Dim Light..Power Switch Standby (STBY) Position To

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Rear-Curtain Sync Flash
The combination of high shutter-speed range and flash sync capability provides you with more options for flash photography in day-light conditions. It enables you to use a wider aperture to blur the subjects background (create a shallow depth of field), light up shadowed areas in outdoor photography, or even create light flow for fast moving subjects. FP high-speed sync flash is only available in the SB-26s Manual flash mode when using the F5, F90X/N90s and F90Series/N90. For details, see FP High-Speed Sync Flash Flash Photography At Higher Shutter Speeds on page 98. In normal flash synchronization, the flash fires at an early stage of exposure (i.e., front-curtain sync). At slow shutter speeds with a moving subject, this results in unnatural light patterns. For more natural lighting, use Rear-Curtain Sync. With this method, the flash fires at a later stage of the exposure, just before the rear, or second, shutter curtain starts to close (i.e., rear-curtain sync), turning available light into a stream of light that follows the flash-illuminated moving subject. Rear-Curtain Sync is available with the F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006 and F-601M/ N6000. For more details, see Rear-Curtain Sync Flash For Natural Light Flow, page 105 and Flash Sync Mode Selector W vs. q, page 139.

SB-26 sync flash

Y Light output Y Y X: Time duration Y: Shutter curtain movement : Front-curtain movement : Rear-curtain movement : Film surface is exposed to flash light throughout the entire duration. : Film surface is exposed to flash light for only part of the time that the curtain are open.

Front-curtain sync flash

Rear-curtain sync flash
A slow shutter speed could create light flow from a moving subject. Rear-Curtain Sync Flash catches him/her with natural-looking light stream.

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Red-Eye Reduction Control
Red eye effect occurs in flash photography when flash pictures are taken in dim surroundings where the subjects eye pupils will be dilated (opened very wide). Light from the cameras flash reflects off the interior of the eye through the wide-open pupil and back into the cameras lens; the result in the photo appears as bright red eyes. With this function, before the shutter is released the SB-26s red-eye reduction lamp illuminates to make the subjects eye pupils become smaller, thus reducing the appearance of red-eye. The F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 offers this exclusive Red-Eye Reduction Control, for use in any flash mode, except Repeating Flash mode. For more details and setting operation, see page 104, and the cameras instruction manual. Red-eye effect can also be controlled by the angle at which light strikes the subject and is reflected back to the cameras lens. For further details, see Red Eye, page 138.

Repeating Flash

When used with any Nikon SLR, the SB-26 is capable of strobo-effect multiple flash exposure at up to 160 flash per frame; it also allows control of the amount of flash light output. Operation becomes simple once you learn how to match the number and speed of flash to your desired shutter speed. For details, see Repeating Flash G Mode For Multiple Exposure, pages 91 to 96.
SB-26 Feature Comparison: Flash Operations Available with Your Camera
For details regarding your camera, see pages: 1) 33 to 41. 2) 42 to 49. 3) 50 to 58. 4) 59 to 64. 5) 65 to 70. 6) 71 to 76. 7) 77 to 80. TTL Auto Flash 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash Center-Weighted Fill-Flash Spot Fill-Flash Programmed TTL Auto Flash Standard TTL Flash Non-TTL Auto Flash Manual Flash Repeating Flash (strobo effect) FP High-Speed Sync Flash Red-Eye Reduction Control Rear-Curtain Sync Flash Flash Exposure Compensation Open Flash Button (test firing) Built-in Wide Flash Adapter Zoom-Lock Capability AF Assist LED Standby Position (power switch) Bounce Flash (built-in diffuser card) Close-up Photography (TTL Auto Flash) Multiple Flash Photography
pa s ge 4s s 50 N N N 00 s es/ es/ s es/ N4 V 90 ri ri ie 8 /N 6 /N ri /N 4 s/ s ies res /N Se Se er 1/N 1s 1/N 1M Se 1x 1/N 1/N 1/N 01 no er ei 0 0X 90- 70- 4-S -80 -80 -60 -60 50- -40 -50 -30 -40 F-4 A E2 G iko 3-S 2-S M2 G2 F5 F9 F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F N F F F F
Repeating flash mode offers strobo effect, multiple exposure on a single frame.

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Chapter 2

Before Flash Shooting

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WARNING TO AVOID INJURY
DO NOT FIRE FLASH NEAR THE EYES: Firing the flash light very close to any persons eyes can injure the retina, thereby weakening eyesight or causing blindness. DO NOT TOUCH THE FLASH HEAD WHEN FIRING THE SB-26: The flash head generates significant heat during normal operation, which may cause burns. Also, when using the flash, keep delicate materials away from the flash head.
Getting Started SB-26 Set-Up
This section introduces preparations for using the SB-26, such as installing batteries, attaching flash unit to your camera, and finally, turning the unit on. Follow these steps in order, especially when using for the first time. This section should serve as a practical guide for later reference.
Selecting Measurement System, Meters or Feet

Installing Batteries

CAUTION TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO THE SB-26 SPEEDLIGHT
DO NOT MIX OR USE THE SB-26 WITH OTHER MANUFACTURERS CAMERAS, FLASH UNITS, OR ACCESSORIES (INCLUDING EXTERNAL POWER SOURCES): Nikon is not responsible for malfunctions or other problems resulting from use of this product with any equipment other than Nikon brand products. PROPER CARE AND STORAGE OF THE SB-26 SPEEDLIGHT SEE PAGES 140 AND 141, Tips on Speedlight Care. BATTERIES: CARE AND CAUTION SEE PAGE 142, About Batteries. ABNORMAL LC (LIQUID CRYSTAL) DISPLAY AND MALFUNCTIONING In certain cases, due to normal characteristics of the built-in microcomputer, the speedlight may not operate or an abnormal display may appear, even with fresh, properly installed batteries. If this occurs, turn off flash and remove the batteries, then reinstall batteries and turn the power on. This should properly reset the computer.

Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment)
When the desired number appears, press button to complete setting. The indication will stop blinking. The film-speed indicator blinks during adjustment, and stops blinking after eight seconds unless an adjustment is made with an adjustment button. The last blinking number is automatically set in this case.
Push button so an aperture value number starts blinking beside the indication in the LCD panel. Press adjustment button or to set the aperture value. When camera is in programmed auto or shutter-priority exposure mode, be sure to use an aperture indicated in the cameras viewfinder (a controlled aperture). In general, first set the aperture on the camera, then use the same value for the SB-26.
When the desired number appears, press button to complete the setting. The indication will stop blinking. The aperture-value indicator blinks during adjustment, and stops blinking after eight seconds unless an adjustment is made with an adjustment button. The last blinking figure is automatically set in this case.
Press the button until the number in the LCD panel shows the focal length of the lens in use or shorter. When using a zoom lens other than AF Zoom Nikkor, set the shortest focal length of the lens to determine the zoom-head position that covers the full zoom length range.
Also, refer to page 143 on Angle of coverage, an angle which flash light can cover in a zoom-head position.

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Chapter 3
Automatic zoom-head position adjustment: F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU No manual adjustment is required with these camera/ lens combinations, because the SB-26 automatically adjusts the zoom-head position to provide an angle of coverage that matches the focal length of the lens in use. With an AF Nikkor lens of fixed focal length (including the latest D-Type), the zoom head automatically adjusts to the closest available wider focal length setting. With a zoom lens, the zoom head automatically adjusts within the limits of the available coverage (from 24mm to 85mm). You must set zoom-head position manually when using your camera with other lenses or to select a specifically desired position. For manual adjustment (with same camera/lens combinations as above) Press button until your desired zoom-head position appears in the LCD panel, and note the small m above the z (shown as ). Automatic adjustment will resume when the m disappears.

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Chapter 3 TTL Auto Flash H Mode: For F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
The SB-26 enables you to perform the following flash methods. They are described in detail on pages 10 to 13. Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash Center-Weighted Fill-Flash Spot Fill-Flash (not available with the F4-Series or F-801/N8008) Standard TTL Flash Use the chart at right to confirm which flash method you will perform with your camera, the lens in use and the metering system set on the camera. In most cases, the lens/meter combination determines the flash method. In other cases, you may have to switch metering systems, change lenses, or both. By using the SB-26s button, you can also choose Standard TTL Flash, regardless of lens type. For practice, read Set Up and Practice, from page 44 on. Flash Methods: F4-Series Settings and Lenses
Lens in Use 1) (with MultiFinder DP-20) 2) Cameras Metering System Cameras Exposure Mode Matrix Programmed auto (P, PH) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M) CenterWeighted Spot
Flash Methods: F-801/N8008 Settings and Lenses
Cameras Metering System Lens in Use 1) Cameras Exposure Mode Matrix Programmed auto (PD, P, PH) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M) Aperture-priority auto (A) 5) Manual (M) CenterWeighted
Flash Methods: F-801s/N8008s Settings and Lenses
Cameras Metering System Lens in Use 1) Cameras Exposure Mode Matrix Programmed auto (PD, P, PH) Shutter-priority auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M) Aperture-priority auto (A) 5) Manual (M) CenterWeighted Spot
AF Nikkor lenses 3) AI-P lenses
Center- Standard Matrix Balanced Weighted TTL Flash Fill-Flash Fill-Flash
Matrix Balanced FillFlash

CenterWeighted FillFlash

Center- Spot FillMatrix Balanced Weighted Flash Fill-Flash Fill-Flash
AF Teleconverter/ Aperture-priority AF Nikkor auto (A) 4) lenses for F3AF/AItype Nikkor lenses Manual (M) (including AI-S) Programmed auto (P, PH) Shutter-priority Other lenses auto (S) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M)
Other lenses Center- Standard Matrix Balanced Weighted TTL Flash Fill-Flash Fill-Flash
Center-Weighted Fill-Flash 6)

Other lenses

Center-Weighted Fill- Spot FillFlash 6) Flash
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) With AE Action Finder DA-20, Center-Weighted Fill-Flash and Standard TTL Flash can be used. With Waist-Level Finder DW-20 and 6x High-Magnification Finder DW-21, because Matrix and Center-Weighted metering systems cannot be used, only Standard TTL Flash can be used. 3) Includes the latest D-type Nikkor lenses, but excludes AF lenses for F3 Series cameras.

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Chapter 3 TTL Auto Flash H Mode: For FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
Setting Up Your Camera Confirm Settings
Set desired shutter speed*.
Set your chosen aperture.
Set ISO speed of the film in use. Usable film speeds are from ISO 25 to ISO 400 For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set position of the built-in zoom head.

Set aperture in use.

For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. Shooting indicator bars / in the LCD panel move as the figure input changes. Determine approximate flash-shooting distance range by reading indicator bars.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Check if ready-light is on in cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26.
Quick reference on relationship between usable apertures and flash shooting distance Use table on page 146 in this instruction manual. 78 79

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Non-TTL Auto Flash A Mode Shooting with Various Lens Apertures
To use various lens apertures for the same subject or when camera/lens combination is incompatible with TTL Auto Flash mode, set the SB-26s flash mode selector to u for Non-TTL Auto Flash operation. In Non-TTL Auto Flash shooting, light output automatically changes to match the flash-to-subject distance, but instead of light being measured through the lens, it is measured by the light sensor on the front of the SB-26. The SB-26 can be used in Non-TTL Auto Flash mode with any Nikon camera/lens combination. Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE APERTURE-PRIORITY AUTO OR MANUAL EXPOSURE MODE. E USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). Set Up and Practice

selector at Non-TTL Auto

3 ISO film
speed in use and zoom-head position

4 Aperture

APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F5 E F-601M/N6000 E FE2 F90X/N90s E F50-Series/N50 E FG F90-Series/N90 E F-401x/N5005 E Nikonos V F70-Series/N70 E F-501/N2020 E F3-Series F4-Series E F-301/N2000 E F2-Series F-801/N8008 E F-401/N4004 E FM2 F-801s/N8008s E F-401s/N4004s E FG-20 F-601/N6006 E FA E

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For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture on the camera. For manual exposure mode, set desired aperture and shutter speed* on the camera.
Automatic aperture adjustment: F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU The aperture in use and an indicator bar / are automatically indicated in the SB-26s LCD panel. With other lenses, you must operate manually and follow steps 6, 7 and 8. To skip steps 6, 7 and 8, check that subject is standing at the location suggested by the LCDs measurement scale. If not, change aperture by turning the lens aperture ring to adjust the bar.
If necessary, press or button to reset the indicator bar / so it points to the measurement scale that matches or nearly equals the actual flash-to-subject distance (can be read from lens barrel). Manipulating indication bar causes the aperture value in the LCD panel to change.
Set the same aperture value in the SB-26s LCD panel.
On the camera, reset the aperture value obtained in the previous step (the aperture that corresponds to the actual flash-to-subject distance). You have now completed all necessary adjustments for locating the subject within an appropriate shooting distance range for the predetermined light output and aperture. Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button to confirm that subject is in focus. Check that ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26. Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
For instruction, see Setting Aperture Values (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. An indicator bar / appears to show appropriate shooting distance for the selected aperture.
Using guide number Guide number is helpful to calculate exact flash shooting distance in manual flash operation. For details, see Guide Number To Calculate a Proper Aperture, page 118, and Specification, page 143. 88

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Synchronization in Continuous Shooting
The SB-26 is able to recycle fast enough to synchronize with a motor-driven camera firing continuously at up to six frames per sec. at 1/64 light output. This means you can take up to 40 flash pictures in rapid succession. Batteries must be fresh to achieve the rates indicated. Caution Let the flash unit rest at least 10 minutes after continuous firing at a maximum number (see the chart), to allow it to cool off. Overuse generates heat that could shorten the Speedlights life.
Safety range in continuous firing Flash mode Continuous firing in Manual Flash D mode Batteries Optional Inside external powSB-26 er source Light output j k l ; j k l ; j k l ; j k l ; Number of continuous flash (frames) More than 4 More than 8 More than 16 More than 30 More than 6 More than 10 More than 40 More than 40 More than 5 More than 10 More than 20 More than 40 More than 5 More than 10 More than 30 More than 40 TTL Auto H Non-TTL Auto A Manual Flash D Max. number 15 at full (1/1) or 1/2 light output, 40 at 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 or 1/64 light output

* The aperture indicated by the LCD provides a correct exposure with the very first flash, whereas overlapped images are illuminated from the second flash on. It is advisable to take a few additional shots at different apertures (exposure bracketing).

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If necessary, press or button to reset the indicator bar / so it points at the measurement scale that matches or nearly equals the actual flash-to-subject distance (can be read this from the lens barrel). Manipulating the indication bar causes aperture value in the LCD panel to change. Reset aperture value on the camera.
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button to confirm that subject is in focus. Check that ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder g or on the SB-26. Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.

Chapter 4

Use an aperture one or two stops smaller than the LCD panel indicates. This will prevent overexposure for overlapping images (minus exposure compensation).*
* Subject will be correctly exposed with the very first flash, but successive overlapping images (form the second flash on) will not be properly exposed, unless you perform minus exposure compensation as indicated in steps 9 and 10. We recommend you take a few additional shots at different apertures (exposure bracketing).
Background brightness and subject overlap Use as dark a background material as possible (e.g., black curtain or cloth). If the overlapping exposed images are too weak or too strong, try repositioning subject at the location suggested by the indicator bar / (or adjust indicator bar). Conditions vary for each situation try experimenting. 96
Flash-Shooting Applications

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FP High-Speed Sync Flash Flash Photography At Higher Shutter
Unlike other Nikon SLR models the F5, F90X/N90s or F90Series/N90 camera and the SB-26 allow you to use faster shutter speeds up to 1/4000 sec. for flash synchronization. Ordinarily the flash fires only when the curtains are fully opened in regular flash syncs. With FP High-Speed Sync Flash, the flash consecutively emits light at an extremely rapid cycle, while the shutter curtains travel to expose the entire film surface but the curtains are never fully opened (i.e. exposure with a slit). By using a high-speed shutter and flash simultaneously, you can create light flow from a rapidly moving subject. In outdoor photography, it also enables you to use both a wider aperture and a faster shutter speed to achieve a shallower depth of field and purposely blur the subjects background. Note that a guide number for FP High-Speed Sync Flash varies with the selected shutter speed and it is smaller than for regular flash synchronization (i.e. smaller light output). Furthermore, we recommend you use shutter speeds between 1/250 and 1/4000 sec. to avoid uneven exposure. Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE MANUAL EXPOSURE MODE. E USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). E USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE.

Choose a shutter speed* from 1/250 to 1/4000 sec. on the camera
* Although any shutter speed can be used, an uneven exposure may result with speeds outside this range.
Set your desired aperture on the camera. Focus on the subject.
Look into camera viewfinder and compose shot while lightly pressing the shutter release button.
Confirm aperture and shutter speed in the cameras viewfinder. Check whether subject is focused by using the in-focus indicator !.
Shifting to other mode Shutter speed is automatically locked at 1/250 sec., if you have set a shutter speed at 1/250 sec. or faster, then you perform one of the following: a. Switch exposure mode to programmed auto on the camera, or b. Change from FP High-Speed Sync to another flash operation on the Speedlight.
Set the aperture value (from step 7) in the SB-26s LCD panel. See Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. The aperture value is automatically set and indicated in the SB-26s LCD panel when the camera is used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or a Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU. An indicator bar / appears to show the appropriate shooting distance.
In a bright scene After you have adjusted the camera/flash-to-subject distance (with subject standing at the location represented by indication bar /), readjust indicator bar (from step 11) to the left by one or two steps so the bar indicates a position closer than the actual subject location. Experience indicates that a small amount of underexposure may result in a more pleasing photograph. To readjust the indicator bar, perform one or a combination of the following adjustments: 1) Pressing button to switch from FP1 (F with 1) to FP2. 2) Moving further from the subject. 3) Choose a different number for the zoom-head position (wider angle of coverage). We recommend that you not manipulate shutter speed and aperture on the camera.

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Guide number in FP High-Speed Sync Flash

Adjustment factors for other ISO film speeds ISO film speed Factor 25 x 0.x 0.xx 1.xx 2.x4

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Red-Eye Reduction Control For Better Flash Portraits
Light from the cameras flash reflects off the interior of the eye through the wide-open pupil and back into the cameras lens. The result is a portrait with the subjects eyes bright red, a phenomenon known as red-eye effect. When used with the F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70-Series/N70 camera, the SB-26s red-eye reduction lamp lights for a moment before the flash fires and the picture is taken. Red-eye effect can also be affected by the angle at which light flash on the subject and is reflected back to the lens. For further details on red eye, see page 138. Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). E USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE. APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F5 F-601M/N6000 FE2 F90X/N90s E F50-Series/N50 FG F90-Series/N90 E F-401x/N5005 Nikonos V F70-Series/N70 E F-501/N2020 F3-Series F4-Series F-301/N2000 F2-Series F-801/N8008 F-401/N4004 FM2 F-801s/N8008s F-401s/N4004s FG-20 F-601/N6006 FA 104 Hints and Notes
Rear-Curtain Sync Flash For Natural Light Flows
When used with the F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/ N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 camera, the SB-26 lets you synchronize the flash to the instant before the rear (second) curtain begins to close. This turns available light into a stream of light that follows the moving, flash-illuminated subject. Rear-curtain sync flash photography is most effective with slower shutter speeds. You can slow the shutter down to 30 sec., depending on the background situation. Before proceeding: E ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. E TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. E USE SHUTTER-PRIORITY AUTO OR MANUAL EXPOSURE MODE. E USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F5 E F-601M/N6000 E FE2 F90X/N90s E F50-Series/N50 FG F90-Series/N90 E F-401x/N5005 Nikonos V F70-Series/N70 E F-501/N2020 F3-Series F4-Series E F-301/N2000 F2-Series F-801/N8008 E F-401/N4004 FM2 F-801s/N8008s E F-401s/N4004s FG-20 F-601/N6006 E FA Hints and Notes Select TTL Auto H, Non-TTL Auto A or Manual D Flash mode. Choose q position (flash mode selector). With the F-601/N6006 and F-601 M /N6000, you must select REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH on the camera. This sync flash then operates regardless of the SB-26s sync mode setting, either W or q position. With the F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 or F70-Series/ N70, although it is possible to select REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH on the camera, the SB-26s sync mode setting will override what is set on the camera. With the F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F-601/N6006 or F-601M/ N6000 used in programmed auto or aperture-priority auto exposure mode, the camera automatically controls the shutter speed down to as slow as 30 sec. In the following cases Rear-Curtain Sync Flash cannot be performed: 1) When using Vari-Program or Red-Eye Reduction Control with an F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 or F70Series/N70 camera. 2) When performing multiple flash photography with an F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4Series, F-801/ N8008 or F-801s/ N8008s. 3) When shutter speed dial is set at T with an F4Series camera. Use a tripod to minimize camera shake. 105

Set the flash mode selector of the master flash unit to TTL auto, non-TTL auto or manual, as you like. Do not set FP High-Speed sync when the SB-26 or SB-25 is used as a master flash unit. Set the flash mode selector of SB-26 used as a slave flash unit to non-TTL auto or manual. TTL auto flash is not suitable. Set the camera's exposure mode to Aperture-Priority Auto or Manual exposure mode and set the desired aperture on the lens. Locate the master flash unit within the flash shooting distance range (for TTL auto or non-TTL auto flash mode) or at the flash shooting distance (for manual flash mode). If camera/Speedlight combination does not offer automatic aperture adjust ment on the Speedlight, you must first set the aperture value (same as set on the lens) on the Speedlight.

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Multiple Flash Photography Using Cords
Controlling lighting ratio When the master flash unit is set at TTL auto or non-TTL auto flash mode, you can vary the light output amount of the master flash unit by changing lens aperture (and aperture value set on the master flash unit). To vary the light output amount of the slave flash unit when it is set at non-TTL auto flash mode, change the aperture value set on the slave flash unit. Set one-step smaller value to reduce amount of light output to 1/2; set one-step larger value to double the amount of light output. When the flash unit is set at manual flash mode, vary light output amount as desired. (Manual light output adjsutment is possible with the SB-26, SB-25 and SB-24.) For 1:1 lighting ratio For your convenience, the following shows how to set and locate the master and slave flash units for 1:1 lighting ratio. With a slave flash unit set at non-TTL auto flash mode: For 1:1 lighting ratio, read the aperture value on the master flash unit (same as the aperture set on the lens), set it on the slave flash units LCD panel then locate the slave flash unit within the flash shooting distance range indicated on the LCD panel. With a slave flash unit set at manual flash mode: Set any light output amount on the slave flash unit. For 1:1 lighting ratio, read the aperture value on the master flash unit (same as the aperture set on the lens), set it on the slave flash units LCD panel then locate the slave flash unit at the flash shooting distance indicated on the LCD panel. Test firing Test firing is recommended. Making sure the Wireless Slave Flash selector of the slave flash unit set at "D" or"S", press the open-flash button on the master flash unit for test firing. If the slave flash unit does not fire, adjust the direction of the slave unit's Wireless Slave Flash sensor. Or use a reflector so that the slave unit's Wireless Slave Flash sensor catches the light from the master unit. Depending on which terminals are used to connect flash units, TTL multiple flash photography or manual multiple flash photography will be performed. In TTL multiple flash photography, the camera controls flash exposure of all flash units connected (pages 134 to 135); in manual multiple flash photography, each flash unit is set to manual flash mode.

When a second shot cannot be taken (F5, F90X/ N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/ N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601M/ N6000, F50-Series/N50, F-401x/ N5005, and F-501/ N2020) For multiple flash photography, if the electronic current in the synchro circuit exceeds a certain level, you may not be able to take a second shot after taking the first shot. Take care that the combined total of the coefficients (numbers shown in parentheses below) for all Speedlights used at any one time does not exceed 20 at 20C (68F), or 13 at 40C (104F). If you are unable to take a second shot, disconnect the master Speedlight from the camera, or turn each of the Speedlights off once. This resets the circuits so you can resume shooting.
Speedlight coefficients SB-27 (1) SB-26 (1) SB-25 (1) SB-22 (6) SB-21 (4) SB-20 (9) SB-17 (4) SB-16 (4) SB-15 (4) SB-11 (1) SB-24 (1) SB-19 (2) SB-14 (1) SB-23 (4) SB-18 (16) SB-12 (1)
Manual Multiple Flash Photography Use the sync/multiple flash terminal for connection with other Speedlights via optional sync cords. Use optional Sync Cord SC-11 or SC-15. Set and use Manual i Flash mode on each Speedlight for correct exposure.

Page 134

System Chart for TTL Multiple Flash
The SB-11, SB-14, SB-140 and SB-21B cannot be used with the F-401/N4004 or F-401s/N4004s either as a master or slave unit. The SB-21A and SB-23 Speedlights cannot be used as slave units. F5 (with DA-30/DP-30), F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90, F70-Series/N70 F5 (with DW-31/DW-30)

Master flash unit

Slave flash unit
Using SC-18 or SC-19, up to five flash units can be used for multiple flash photography, at a total length of 10m (33 ft.).

SB-16B SB-24 SB-25 SB-26

SB-16B

SC-18 SC-19

SB-15 SB-20 SC-24 SB-15 SB-20 SB-22 SB-23 SB-22 SB-27
F4-Series (with DW-21/DW-20) F4-Series (with DA-20/DP-20), F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s F-601/N6006, F-601M/N6000

SB-21B

SC-23 SB-14140 SB-11

A A A A

SB-21B SB-11 AS-10
SC-17 SC-18 (1.5m/4.9 ft.) SC-19 (3m/9.8 ft.) SC-23 SB-14140 SB-17
F50-Series/N50, F-401x/N5005
F-501/N2020, F-401s/N4004s, F-401/N4004, F-301/N2000 FA, FE2, FG Nikonos V F3-Series 134

V-Type Sync Cord SC-14

SB-16A
SB-17 SB-16A SB-16B SB-24 AS-10 SB-25 SB-21A
Precaution for SC-19/ SC-18 connection Neither of these cords should be used for connecting one camera/ Speedlight combination to another.

03.1.14 7:17 PM

Page 136
Accessories for TTL Multiple Flash
TTL Remote Cord SC-17 Use coiled cord SC-17 for TTL Auto Flash operation when using the SB-26 off the Nikon F5 (with DP-30 or DA-30), F90X/N90s, F90-Series/ N90, F70-Series/N70, F4-Series (with DP-20 or DA-20), F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601 M /N6000, F50-Series/N50, F-401x/ N5005, F-501/ N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004, F-401s/ N4004s, FA, FE2 and FG cameras. The SC-17 provides automatic sync speed setting and the same ready-light viewfinder indication as if the flash unit were directly mounted on the camera. The SC-17 comes with two TTL multiple flash terminals and one tripod socket. It is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long. TTL Remote Cord SC-24 Use SC-24, for TTL Auto Flash operation when using the SB-26 off a Nikon F5 or F4-Series camera fitted either with a 6x High-Magnification Finder DW-31/DW-21 or WaistLevel Finder DW-30/DW-20. The SC-24 comes with two TTL multiple flash terminals and one tripod socket. It is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long. TTL Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 Use Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 when using more than three units for TTL multiple flash operation. The AS-10 comes with three multiple flash terminals and one tripod socket. (Requires SC-18 or SC-19 for each flash use.) TTL Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-18 and SC-19 To connect the flash unit for TTL multiple flash operation, use Sync Cord SC-18 or SC-19. The SC-18 is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long; the SC-19, 3m (9.8 ft.) long.

FP High-Speed Sync flash: Available with the F5, F90X/N90s and F90-Series/N90. Enables higher shutter speeds (1/250 sec. or faster) for flash synchronization. Monitor Preflash: Available with F5, F90X/N90s, F90-Series/N90 and F70Series/N70 cameras when used with an AF Nikkor lens. Other features: External power source terminal, TTL multiple flash terminal and Sync/multiple flash terminal. Dimensions (W x H x D): Approx. 79 x 135 x 101mm (3.1 x 5.3 x 4.0 in.) Weight (without batteries): Approx. 390g (13.8 oz.) Accessory provided: Soft Case SS-24 Specifications and designs are subject to change without notice.

Page 146

Usable Aperture/Flash Shooting Distance Ranges In TTL Auto H and Non-TTL A Flash Modes
ISO film speed 2.5.2 2.5.400 1.2.5.200 1.2.5.Zoom set at 18mm 2.1.1.0.0.6 7.5 0.6 5.0 0.6 3.5 0.6 2.5 0.6 1.7 0.6 1.2 Zoom set at 20mm 2.2.1.0.0.7 7.0 0.6 5.5 0.6 3.8 0.6 2.7 0.6 1.9 0.6 1.3 Shooting distance range (in meters) Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set at 24mm at 28mm at 35mm at 50mm 3.4.4.5.2.2.3.3.1.2.2.2.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.0.7 7.5 0.7 8.0 0.8 9.0 1.0.6 5.3 0.6 5.6 0.7 6.3 0.7 7.4 0.6 3.7 0.6 4.0 0.6 4.5 0.6 5.2 0.6 2.6 0.6 2.8 0.6 3.1 0.6 3.7 0.6 1.8 0.6 2.0 0.6 2.3 0.6 2.6 Zoom set at 70mm 6.4.3.2.1.1.0.8 8.4 0.6 6.0 0.6 4.2 0.6 3.0 Zoom set at 85mm 6.4.3.2.1.1.0.8 8.8 0.6 6.2 0.6 4.4 0.6 3.1

1.2.5.11 16

f/ stop

1.2.5.11

1.2.5.6 8
ISO film speed 2.5.2 2.5.400 1.2.5.200 1.2.5.Zoom set at 18mm 8.5.4.3.2.2.2.2.0 8.2 2.0 5.6 2.0 3.9
Shooting distance range (in feet) Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set Zoom set at 20mm at 24mm at 28mm at 35mm at 50mm at 70mm at 85mm 9.6.8.9.4.6.6.7.8.9.3.4.4.5.6.7.7.2.3.3.3.4.4.5.2.2.2.2.3.3.3.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.0 8.9 2.2.2.2.2.2.2.0 6.2 2.0 8.6 2.0 9.2 2.2.2.2.2.0 4.3 2.0 6.1 2.0 6.5 2.0 7.3 2.0 8.6 2.0 9.8 2.0 10
:Programmed TTL Auto Flash with Nikon F50-Series/N50, F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s. :Non-TTL Auto Flash mode. Usable film speeds depend on the camera model used.

Page 148

No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical articles or reviews), may be made without written authorization from NIKON CORPORATION.

NIKON CORPORATION

FUJI BLDG., 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100, JAPAN PHONE: 81-3-3214-5311 TELEX: NIKON J22601 FAX: 81-3-3201-5856 Printed in Japan 9&126-AO11 (S174) N

SB-25_En

03.1.14 8:18 PM

Page 1

Autofocus Speedlight

Instruction Manual

Page 2

FOREWORD

Thank you for purchasing the Nikon Autofocus Speedlight SB-25. Used with Nikons newest SLRs (F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601M/N6000, F-401x/N5005, F-401/N4004 and F-401s/ N4004s), it offers you the most advanced and complete system for automatic flash photography available. To get the maximum performance from your new SB-25, be sure to take time to read the instruction manual carefully.
For Effective Use of This Manual
Using this manual is simple. Read the pages with shaded index tabs indicating your camera name. These index tabs lead you to all of the information you need to learn about using the SB-25 with your camera. The SB-25 and todays newest Nikon models offer exceptionally high performance. They include more features than ever before, all of which can help you make great pictures. Because there are so many features, the instruction manual is extensive, and may seem a little intimidating. We urge you, however, to thoroughly read the manuals before you begin using the SB-25. That way you will be fully familiar with the features and the way they work. For the convenience of latest Nikon SLR users, the SB-25 offers automatic adjustment functions when used with certain lenses. Automatic operations is detailed beside manual operation in shaded boxes with mark. By becoming thoroughly familiar with the SB-25, you will be able to use its advanced features more effectively and enjoy great results from the very beginning.
F90-Series/N90 Users F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Users F-401x/N5005 Users F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users F-401/N4004 and F-401s/N4004s Users FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V Users
The Nikon N90, N8008, N8008s, N6006, N6000, N5005, N4004 and N4004s are sold exclusively in the U.S.A. The Nikon N2020 and N2000 are sold exclusively in the U.S.A. and Canada.
F3-Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 Users

Page 4

Table Of Contents
For Effective Use of This Manual..2 Table of Contents..Adjustment Functions Using LCD Panel and Built-in Functions..Adjusting Flash Head To Horizontal/ Front Position..Using LCD Panel For ShootingDistance Computation.Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment).Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment).Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment).Mode Shooting Non-TTL Auto Flash with Varied Lens Apertures..Manual Flash Mode Manual LightOutput Control..Synchronization in Continuous Shooting.89 Repeating Flash Mode For Multiple Exposure...Guide Number To Calculate a Proper Aperture..118 Diffusing Light To Soften Harsh Shadow...Bounce Flash Photography..122 Using a Diffuser..123 Close-Up Flash Photography in TTL Auto Flash Mode To Flash On A Very Close Subject..Multiple Flash Photography Using More Than One Speedlights..TTL Multiple Flash Photography.Manual Multiple Flash Photography.129 System Chart for TTL Multiple Flash.Accessories for TTL Multiple Flash.132
Chapter 1: Introducing the SB-25 Autofocus Speedlight
Nomenclature...Main Features/Functions SB-25s Flash Capabilities..Fully Automatic Fill Flash..Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash..11 TTL Multi-Sensor Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash With F90-Series/N90.12 FP High-Speed Sync Flash..Rear-Curtain Sync Flash...15 Red-Eye Reduction Control..16 Repeating Flash...16 SB-25 Feature Comparison: Flash Operations Available with Your Camera..17

Built-in wide flash adapter
Tilting angle scale Flash head rotating lock release lever

Rotating angle scale

Battery chamber lid Slide and lift to open. Flash head tilting lock release lever Meter/Feet select lever (inside battery chamber)
External power source terminal Accepts power cord of Nikon DC unit SD-8/SD-7. Mounting foot locking wheel Terminal cover Keep terminal covered when not in use. TTL multiple flash terminal For TTL-exposure-control multiple flash operation. Sync/multiple flash terminal For manual-exposure multiple flash operation. LCD panel See page 26. Control buttons See page 26.

Mount pin

Battery chamber Accepts four 1.5V AA-type penlight batteries, either 1.5V alkaline-manganese or 1.2V NiCd batteries (voltage for NiCd batteries varies depending on manufacturer; maximum permitted is 1.5V).

Hot-shoe contacts

Mounting foot

Page 10

Main Features/Functions SB-25s Flash Capabilities
The SB-25 is a most versatile Speedlight which offers variety of convenient features to enhance your flash photography. To understand these features/function will help you operate the SB-25 easily, therefore, enjoy more options and creative possibilities. Each of following topics cover particular Nikon SLR models: Fully Automatic Fill Flash: F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601 M / N6000 and F-401x/N5005 Standard TTL Flash: F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601 M / N6000, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004, F-401s/N4004s, FA, FE2, FG and Nikonos V FP High-Speed Sync Flash: F90-Series/N90 Rear-Curtain Sync Flash: F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Red-Eye Reduction Control: F90-Series/N90 Repeating Flash: All the Nikon SLR models covered in this manual
Fully Automatic Fill Flash
Generally performed at night or in dim light, flash photography can also be used to reduce shadows in pictures shot in bright sunlight, resulting in a pleasing, more natural effect. Using a flash this way, with ambient light, is called fillflash. When used with the SB-25, many Nikon SLR cameras provide Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash, to automatically keep flash brightness in balance with the ambient light.
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash

3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash photography: particularly effective for subject standing against a shiny object.
FP High-Speed Sync Flash: Allows a wider aperture, thus, shallower depth of field for a blurred background. 12 13

Page 14

Rear-Curtain Sync Flash
The combination of high shutter-speed range and flash sync capability provides you with more options for flash photography in day-light conditions. It enables you to use a wider aperture to blur the subjects background (create a shallow depth of field), light up shadowed areas in outdoor photography, or even create light flow for fast moving subjects. FP high-speed sync flash is only available in the SB-25s Manual flash mode when using the F90-Series/N90. For details, see FP High-Speed Sync Flash Flash Photography At Higher Shutter Speeds on page 98. In normal flash synchronization, the flash fires at an early stage of exposure (i.e., front-curtain sync). At slow shutter speeds with a moving subject, this results in unnatural light patterns. For more natural lighting, use Rear-Curtain Sync. With this method, the flash fires at a later stage of the exposure, just before the rear, or second, shutter curtain starts to close (i.e., rear-curtain sync), turning available light into a stream of light that follows the flash-illuminated moving subject. Rear-Curtain Sync is available with the F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006 and F-601M/ N6000. For more details, see Rear-Curtain Sync Flash For Natural Light Flow, page 105 and Flash Sync Mode Selector vs. , page 135.

SB-25 sync flash

Y Light output Y Y X: Y: : : 1: F R Time duration Shutter curtain movement Front-curtain movement Rear-curtain movement Film surface is exposed to flash light throughout the entire duration. 2: Film surface is exposed to flash light for only part of the time that the curtain are open. A slow shutter speed could create light flow from a moving subject. Rear-Curtain Sync Flash catches him/her with natural-looking light stream. 15
X 1 FP High-Speed Sync Flash Front-curtain sync flash
X 2 Rear-curtain sync flash

Page 16

Red-Eye Reduction Control
Red eye effect occurs in flash photography when flash pictures are taken in dim surroundings where the subjects eye pupils will be dilated (opened very wide). Light from the cameras flash reflects off the interior of the eye through the wide-open pupil and back into the cameras lens; the result in the photo appears as bright red eyes. The SB-25 fires three consecutive flash prior to the main flash. This causes the subjects pupils to constrict (become smaller), reducing the appearance of red-eye. The F90-Series/N90 offers this exclusive Red-Eye Reduction Control to control preflash, for use in any flash mode, except Repeating Flash mode. For more details and setting operation, see page 104, and the cameras instruction manual. Red-eye effect can also be controlled by the angle at which light strikes the subject and is reflected back to the cameras lens. For further details, see Red Eye, page 134.

Adjusting Flash Head To Horizontal/Front Position
In normal shooting situations, the flash head should face straight forward, tilted in the horizontal position. A tilted/rotated head can be used for special techniques such as close-ups or bounce flash photography.
Tilting/Rotating flash head to a position other than horizontal and straight forward Downward-tilted flash head (-7 position) is used for taking pictures of subjects at a distance of less than 1.5m (approx. 5 ft.). When the head is set at this position, the distance indicator bars blink. An upward-tilted and/or rotated flash head is used for bounce flash photography. When the head is set this way, the distance indicator bars do not appear, to show the distance indication function is not available. See Diffusing Light To Soften Harsh Shadows, pages 119 to 123, for information on bounce flash photography.
Tilt the flash head to the horizontal, until it click-stops.
The flash head locks both at the horizontal, facing straightforward (0 degree), and at the vertical, facing straight-up (90 degrees). To release from the locked position, slide the lock release lever in the > direction, then, while holding the lever, tilt the flash head.
Adjust the flash head so it faces straight forward check that it is not rotated to the right or left. To unlock from the forward position, slide the lock release lever in P direction, then, while holding the lever, rotate flash head to either the right or left.
Confirm indicator bars appear in the flash shooting distance scale (LCD panel). Bars do not appear or will blink if the flash head is not set horizontal and straight ahead. If indicator bars do not appear in the LCD panel at all, check whether the camera is turned on. If it is, lightly press the shutter release button. If not, turn on the camera, then lightly press the shutter release button. Indicator bars appear for eight seconds once activated (they disappear after eight seconds). Lightly pressing the shutter release button causes the bars to reappear.

Page 26

Chapter 2 Adjustment Functions
Using LCD Panel For Shooting-Distance Computation
Note: All LCD (liquid crystal display) figures and marks do not appear simultaneously, as shown below. They are shown together for ease of explanation.

Appears for fully automatic fillflash; disappears for Standard TTL Flash.

3 Flash sync

To perform Matrix Balanced, Center-Weighted or Spot Fill-Flash, confirm appears in the LCD panel. To perform Standard TTL Flash, press the button so that disappears. Choose (flash mode selector position). Confirm in the LCD panel.
Automatic zoom-head/aperture adjustment: AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU The aperture and zoom-head position in use are automatically set and indicated in the SB-25s LCD panel. For other lenses, set manually according to the shooting situation. See Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 and 29, and Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment), pages 29 and 30.
42 value and zoom-head position
Confirm the ISO film speed has been set and appears in the SB-25s LCD panel (automatic ISO film speed adjustment). ISO speed of the film in use is automatically set. If not shown in the LCD panel, lightly press the cameras shutter release button. Confirm the aperture value chosen on the camera and zoom-head position have been set and appear in the SB-25s LCD panel (automatic aperture/zoom-head adjustment).

Page 44

Mode: For F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s Users
Select one of the following exposure modes: a. Programmed auto (either P, PH, PH or PD) b. Shutter-priority auto (S) c. Aperture-priority auto (A) d. Manual (M) Select a metering system: a. Matrix metering system to perform Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash. b. Center-Weighted metering system to perform Center-Weighted Fill-Flash. c. With the F-801s/N8008s, Spot metering system to perform Spot Fill Flash. d. Any metering system can be chosen to perform Standard TTL Flash.

F4-Series

F-801/N8008 and F-801s/N8008s
Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Use AE-L (Auto Exposure Lock) on the camera to capture exact exposure information for your picture composition (except when in manual exposure mode). Confirm controlled aperture and check that the shutter speed falls between 1/60 sec. and 1/250 sec. With F-801/N8008 or F-801s/N8008s, these also appear in the cameras LCD panel. The aperture in use (shown in the viewfinder) and shooting distance indicator bars appear in the SB-25s LCD panel.

Lens in Use

with F-501/N2020 and
SB-25 Flash Programmed TTL Auto Flash
Cameras Exposure Mode Programmed auto (PDUAL, P or PHI) Aperture-priority auto (A) Manual (M)
AI-S type lenses (including AF Nikkor and AI-P) 2)
1) Suitable lenses and use depend on the camera; see instruction manual for information. 2) Except AF lenses for F3AF cameras. For Programmed TTL Auto Flash, use only AI-S lenses, which include AF Nikkor, Nikkor lenses with a built-in CPU and Series E lenses.
You can choose Programmed TTL Auto Flash against Standard TTL Flash by setting camera to a programmed auto exposure mode (either PDUAL, P or PHI). Check charts on the previous page. Before proceeding: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M). USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE. USE FILM WITH A SPEED BETWEEN ISO 25 AND ISO 1000. USE AN AI-S LENS (AF Nikkor, Nikkor lens with built-in CPU or Series E lens).

2 Flash sync mode

selector at NORMAL

3 ISO speed 7 Aperture

To distinguish AI-S lenses from others Look for an orange mark on the minimum aperture scale of the lens.

Page 66

Setting Up Your Camera Confirm Settings
Mode: For F-501/N2020 and F-301/N2000 Users
Select one of the following exposure modes: a. Programmed auto (either PDUAL, P or PHI) to perform Programmed TTL Auto Flash. b. Aperture-priority auto (A) to perform Standard TTL Flash. c. Manual exposure mode to perform Standard TTL Flash. Perform other settings: a. For programmed auto, set lens to minimum aperture (highest f-number). b. For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture. c. For manual exposure mode, set desired shutter speed* and aperture.
Set ISO speed of film in use. Usable film speeds are ISO 25 to ISO 1000. For instruction, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28. Set the built-in zoom head position.
For instruction, see Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment), pages 29 to 30. Shooting indicator bars in the LCD panel move as the figure input changes.
Set aperture in the SB-25s LCD panel*.
For instruction, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. In programmed auto exposure mode, aperture is automatically controlled by the camera. Choose a value, using Shutter speed/aperture settings in Programmed TTL Auto Flash in the following page. In aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode, set the aperture value that you have set on the camera (from step 6). Once aperture is set, indicator bars show the shooting distance range.

Look into camera viewfinder, compose and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm ready-light has come on and subject is in focus. Check if ready-light is on in cameras viewfinder or on the SB-25.
Quick reference on relationship between usable apertures and flash shooting distance Use table on page 142 in this instruction manual.

Page 80

Non-TTL Auto Flash
Mode Shooting with Various Lens Apertures
To use various lens apertures for the same subject or when camera/lens combination is incompatible with TTL Auto Flash mode, set the SB-25s flash mode selector to for Non-TTL Auto Flash operation. In Non-TTL Auto Flash shooting, light output automatically changes to match the flash-to-subject distance, but instead of light being measured through the lens, it is measured by the light sensor on the front of the SB-25. The SB-25 can be used in Non-TTL Auto Flash mode with any Nikon camera/lens combination. Before proceeding: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. USE APERTURE-PRIORITY AUTO OR MANUAL EXPOSURE MODE. USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) OR MANUAL FOCUS (M).

selector at Non-TTL Auto

Choose position (flash mode selector). Confirm appears in the LCD panel. Choose position (flash sync mode selector*).

3 ISO film

speed in use and zoom-head position
position is used for Rear-Curtain Sync Flash, and only with the F90-Series/N90, F4Series, F-801/N8008, and F-801s/N8008s. For details, see page 105.

4 Aperture

Set ISO film speed and position the built-in zoom head. For instructions, see Setting ISO Film Speed (Manual Adjustment), pages 27 to 28, and Setting Zoom-Head Position (Manual Adjustment), pages 29 to 30.
Set desired aperture in the SB-25s LCD panel, then set again on the camera. For instructions, see Setting Aperture Value (Manual Adjustment), pages 28 to 29. Indicator bars show a appropriate shooting distance range.
APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F90-Series/N90 F4-Series F-801/N8008 F-801s/N8008s F-601/N6006 F-601M/N6000 F-401x/N5005
F-501/N2020 F-301/N2000 F-401/N4004 F-401s/N4004s FA FE2 FG
Nikonos V F3-Series F2-Series FM2 FG-20
5 Appears when flash is fully charged and ready
to fire. Push for test firing. Blinks after firing indicates possible underexposure.

Page 82

Chapter 3 Non-TTL Auto Flash Mode
F90-Series/N90s viewfinder
Push button for a test firing (see page 110) when you are not sure whether subject is within the flash shooting range. If ready-light blinks for a few seconds after test firing, flash has fired at its maximum output but light might not have been sufficient. Select a wider aperture or move closer to subject.
Look into the camera viewfinder, compose and lightly the press shutter release button to confirm that subject is in focus. Check that ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder or on the SB-25.

Page 86

Chapter 3 Manual Flash Mode
button to choose desired light output.
You can choose an amount ranging from full power (1/1) to one sixty-fourth (1/64). LCD indications change as: -. With the F90-Series/N90, indication , and then will appear after. At the same time, appears next to. This applies exclusively to FP High-Speed Sync Flash and is discussed in the following pages (see pages 98 to 103).
Fine light-output adjustment: F90-Series/N90 with AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU Additionally, you can manipulate light output in finer increments of 1/3, as long as light output is set between and. Press button and confirm appears in the SB-25s LCD panel. By pressing button, you can increase the light amount by +1/3 (blinking below the mark), by +2/3 (blinking ), or by +1 (blinking ). To decrease, use in the same manner; blinking numbers change from (by -1/3) to (by -2/3) to (by -1).
Automatic aperture adjustment: F90-Series/ N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU The aperture in use and an indicator bar are automatically indicated in the SB-25s LCD panel. With other lenses, you must operate manually and follow steps 6, 7 and 8. To skip steps 6, 7 and 8, check that subject is standing at the location suggested by the LCDs measurement scale. If not, change aperture by turning the lens aperture ring to adjust the bar.
For aperture-priority auto, set desired aperture on the camera. For manual exposure mode, set desired aperture and shutter speed* on the camera.
Using guide number Guide number is helpful to calculate exact flash shooting distance in manual flash operation. For details, see Guide Number To Calculate a Proper Aperture, page 118, and Specification, page 139.

Page 88

Synchronization in Continuous Shooting
If necessary, press or button to reset the indicator bar so it points to the measurement scale that matches or nearly equals the actual flash-to-subject distance (can be read from lens barrel). Manipulating indication bar causes the aperture value in the LCD panel to change.
The SB-25 is able to recycle fast enough to synchronize with a motor-driven camera firing continuously at up to six frames per sec. at 1/64 light output. This means you can take up to 40 flash pictures in rapid succession. Batteries must be fresh to achieve the rates indicated.
Caution Let the flash unit rest at least 10 minutes after continuous firing at a maximum number (see the chart), to allow it to cool off. Overuse generates heat that could shorten the Speedlights life.

In a bright scene After you have adjusted the camera/flash-to-subject distance (with subject standing at the location represented by indication bar ), readjust indicator bar (from step 11) to the left by one or two steps so the bar indicates a position closer than the actual subject location. Experience indicates that a small amount of underexposure may result in a more pleasing photograph. To readjust the indicator bar, perform one or a combination of the following adjustments: 1) Pressing button to switch from FP1 ( with ) to FP2. 2) Moving further from the subject. 3) Choose a different number for the zoom-head position (wider angle of coverage). We recommend that you not manipulate shutter speed and aperture on the camera.

Page 102

Guide number in FP High-Speed Sync Flash
Confirm subject is at the distance shown by the indicator bar in the SB-25s LCD panel (from step 10). To determine the subject-to-camera distance, read the distance scale on the lens barrel. If the bar location matches the subject-to-camera distance from steps 10 and 11, the subject will be correctly exposed with the selected aperture, shutter speed, and light output amount. If the subject-to-camera distance does not match the appropriate shooting distance, readjust the indicator bars by: a. Pressing button to switch from FP1 ( with ) to FP2, or vice versa. The bar location then moves to show an alternate shooting distance. b. Moving closer to or further from the subject. c. Choose a different number for the zoom-head position (altering guide number). Look into cameras viewfinder again, then compose and lightly press the shutter release button to check that the ready-light is on in the cameras viewfinder. Ready-light also appears on the SB-25. Fully depress shutter release button to fire flash.
The guide number helps you determine an exact flashshooting (flash-to-subject) distance for the selected aperture (f/stop number). FP guide numbers vary with the ISO film speed in use, shutter speed and zoom-head position. Use the equation below for your calculations, and check the following chart for guide numbers. This same equation can be applied to determine an appropriate aperture once the distance is known. [guide number] [flash-shooting distance] = [f/stop] For example, in FP1 operation with an aperture of f/4, a shutter speed of 1/500 sec., a zoom-head position of 35mm and a film speed of ISO 100, the chart recommends a guide number of 12 (or 39 for feet): If measuring in meters; 12 [flash-shooting distance] = 4 = 3 if measuring in feet; 39 [flash-shooting distance] = 4 = 9.75 Next, adjust subject and flash/camera location for 3 meters, or 9.75 feet, to obtain correct exposure in FP1 flash operation.

APPLICABLE NIKON SLR MODELS F90-Series/N90 F4-Series F-801/N8008 F-801s/N8008s F-601/N6006 F-601M/N6000 F-401x/N5005 F-501/N2020 F-301/N2000 F-401/N4004 F-401s/N4004s FA FE2 FG Nikonos V F3-Series F2-Series FM2 FG-20

Page 112

Zoom-Lock Capability To Fix Zoom-Head Position
A predetermined zoom-head position is useful when you wish to use an AF Nikkor lens or a Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU interchangeably with another type. It also provides flexibility when using lenses of different focal lengths in rapid succession. Set Up and Practice
Trouble With Wide Flash Adapter
In certain situations, the zoom head may lock at the 20mm position (adapter does not return to original position). If this happens, perform following operation. Although the adjusted zoom-head position and/or indication will blink if the wide flash adapter is stored in its original place, this does not affect normal flash operation.
Press and buttons simultaneously for a few seconds until indication starts blinking.
Next, press button only to set desired zoom-head position. This position remains locked as long as the indication continues blinking.
Press and buttons simultaneously for a few seconds until the previously set number and the indication start blinking.
Press only button to set your desired zoom-head position. To resume automatic adjustment with certain camera/lens combinations (see page 30), press button until the indication above disappears.
To unlock, press the same buttons simultaneously for a few seconds until the indication stops blinking or totally disappears.
Automatic zoom-head position adjustment: F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, or F-801s/ N8008s used with an AF Nikkor lens (including the latest D-Type) or Nikkor lens having a built-in CPU
The SB-25 automatically adjusts the zoom-head position to provide an angle of coverage that matches the focal length of the lens in use. For details, see page 30.

Page 114

AF Assist LED Autofocus Flash Photography in Dim Light
The SB-25s AF assist LED enables you to perform autofocus flash photography in dim light or even total darkness with some Nikon AF cameras. When ambient light is insufficient for autofocus operation, the AF illuminator automatically turns on to start operation and give contrast to a dark subject, allowing the cameras autofocus system to function as though it were daytime. If ambient light is sufficient, the AF illuminator does not light up. Before proceeding: ATTACH SPEEDLIGHT TO CAMERA. TURN ON BOTH SPEEDLIGHT AND CAMERA. USE SINGLE-SERVO AUTOFOCUS (S or A) USE SINGLE-FRAME SHOOTING (S) FILM ADVANCE MODE Hints and Notes In Rear-Curtain Sync Flash with the F-601/N6006, a light pattern from the AF assist LED sometimes affects the picture. To prevent this, confirm that the LED light pattern has disappeared before shooting. Usable autofocus lenses are: With Nikon F-501/N2020: AF Nikkor lenses from 35mm to 105mm (including the latest D-Type) With other cameras: AF Nikkor lenses from 24mm to 105mm (including the latest D-Type) Notes on AF assist LED Autofocus distance range with AF assist LED depends on the lens in use and subjects reflection ratio. For example, with an AF Nikkor 50mm f/1.8 lens (including the latest D-Type lens) and a subject having 35% reflection ratio, you can perform autofocus from approx. 1m (3.3 ft.) to approx. 8m (16.4 ft.), at 20C (68F). If the ready-light does not stay on after the AF assist LED activates, replace batteries.

When a second shot cannot be taken (F90Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008, F-801s/ N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601M/N6000, F-401x/ N5005, and F-501/N2020) For multiple flash photography, if the electronic current in the synchro circuit exceeds a certain level, you may not be able to take a second shot after taking the first shot. Take care that the combined total of the coefficients (numbers shown in parentheses below) for all Speedlights used at any one time does not exceed 20 at 20C (68F), or 13 at 40C (104F). If you are unable to take a second shot, disconnect the master Speedlight from the camera, or turn each of the Speedlights off once. This resets the circuits so you can resume shooting.
Speedlight coefficients SB-25 (1) SB-24 (1) SB-23 (4) SB-22 (6) SB-20 (9) SB-19 (2) SB-18 (16) SB-17 (4) SB-15 (4) SB-14 (1) SB-12 (1) SB-11 (1) SB-21 (4) SB-16 (4)
Use the sync/multiple flash terminal for connection with other Speedlights via optional sync cords. Use optional Sync Cord SC-11 or SC-15. Set and use Manual for correct exposure. Flash mode on each Speedlight
Speedlights for TTL multiple flash photography Master Slave SB-25, SB-24, SB-23, SB-22, SB-21B, SB-20, SB-18, SB-16B or SB-15 SB-25, SB-24, SB-22, SB-21B, SB-20, SB-18, SB-17, SB-16A, SB-16B and/or SB-15 129

Page 130

System Chart for TTL Multiple Flash
Note: The SB-11, SB-14, SB-140 cannot be used with the F-401/N4004 or F-401s/ N4004s either as a master or slave unit.

SC-14 SB-21A

Slave flash unit

SC-23 SB-21B

Using SC-18 or SC-19, up to five flash units can be used for multiple flash photography, at a total length of 10m (33 ft.).

SC-18 SC-19 SB-14140

SB-16A

SB-11 SB-15 SB-16B

F3-Series

SB-17 SB-11

SC-18 SC-19

DA-20 DP-20

Master flash unit
SB-21B SB-20 SC-23 SB-14140 AS-10 SB-22 SB-24 SB-25

F90-Series/N90

SC-18 (1.5m/4.9 ft.) SC-19 (3m/9.8 ft.)
F-801/N8008, F-801s/N8008s
F-601/N6006, F-601M/N6000

F-501/ N2020

F-401/N4004, F-401s/ N4004, F-401x/N5005

SB-15 SB-16B

SB-16A AS-10 SB-23 SB-16B

F-301/N2000

SB-24 SB-25

Nikonos V

V-Type Sync Cord

AS-10 AS-10

Precaution for SC-19/ SC-18 connection Neither of these cords should be used for connecting one camera/ Speedlight combination to another.

Page 132

Accessories for TTL Multiple Flash
TTL Remote Cord SC-17 Use coiled cord SC-17 for TTL Auto Flash operation when using the SB-25 off the Nikon F90-Series/N90, F4-Series (with DP-20 or DA-20), F-801/ N8008, F-801s/N8008s, F-601/N6006, F-601 M /N6000, F-401x/N5005, F-501/ N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/N4004, F-401s/N4004s, FA, FE2 and FG cameras. The SC-17 provides automatic sync speed setting and the same ready-light viewfinder indication as if the flash unit were directly mounted on the camera. The SC-17 comes with two TTL multiple flash terminals and one tripod socket. It is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long. TTL Remote Cord SC-24 Use SC-24, for TTL Auto Flash operation when using the SB-25 off a Nikon F4-Series camera fitted either with a 6x High-Magnification Finder DW-21 or Waist-Level Finder DW-20. The SC-24 comes with two TTL multiple flash terminals and one tripod socket. It is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long. TTL Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 Use Multi-Flash Adapter AS-10 when using more than three units for TTL multiple flash operation. The AS-10 comes with three multiple flash terminals and one tripod socket. (Requires SC-18 or SC-19 for each flash use.) TTL Multi-Flash Sync Cord SC-18 and SC-19 To connect the flash unit for TTL multiple flash operation, use Sync Cord SC-18 or SC-19. The SC-18 is approx. 1.5m (4.9 ft.) long; the SC-19, 3m (9.8 ft.) long.

Chapter 5

SC-17 SC-24

Notes on Speedlight

Page 134

Red Eye

Red eye is a common problem in flash photography. Normally, flash pictures are taken when the surroundings light is dim, and under such conditions the subjects eye pupils will be dilated (open very wide). Red-eye effect occurs when light from the cameras flash reflects off the interior of the eye and back into the cameras lens. The wide-open pupil allows much light to enter, and as a result, the center portions of a subjects eyes can appear bright red (white in a black and white picture). It is interesting to note that the intensity of the red-eye effect varies among individuals, and with two people in the same photograph, one may have red-eye and the other may not. The appearance of red-eye is also based on the angle at which the light flash on the subject and is reflected back to the cameras lens. If the angle is 2 to 2.5 degrees or narrower, red-eye will occur. As you move closer to a subject, the angle becomes wider, and the likelihood of red-eye effect decreases. As you move farther from a subject, the angle narrows and the incidence of red-eye increases. When you get very far from a subject, the size of the eye in the picture may become so small that red-eye is not apparent, but when you switch to a lens with a longer focal length the redeye will become more apparent. Angle of reflection vs. distance to subject

Flash Sync Mode Selector

The SB-25 is capable of synchronizing flash output with shutter curtain movement, for either the front (first) curtain or rear (second) curtain. At position, the Speedlight synchronizes flash output at the moment the front curtain has fully opened (at the end of front curtain movement) but before the rear curtain has started to travel. This is called frontcurtain sync flash, and is the most popular sync method in flash photography. At position, the unit synchronizes the flash to the instant before the rear curtain starts to close (the end of film exposure). Therefore, it is called rear-curtain sync flash. The position can be chosen to create special effects, and is most effective for freezing a moving subject at the end of a light flow, especially in flash photography at a slow shutter speed.

Position

For F90-Series/N90, F4-Series, F-801/N8008 and F-801s/ N8008s Users: Front-curtain sync is performed at setting. Rear-Curtain Sync flash is performed at setting. For F-601/N6006 and F-601M/N6000 Users: The sync mode, whether front- or rear-curtain, or slow or not, must be set on the camera. The selection is executed regardless of the SB-25s selector position. Therefore, we recommend you leave the selector switch on the position in any circumstances. For F-401x/N5005, F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, F-401/ N4004, F-401s/ N4004s, FA, FE2, FG, Nikonos V, F3Series, F2-Series, FM2 and FG-20 Users: Front-curtain sync is performed at either or setting. These models are not capable of rear-curtain sync. Therefore, regardless of circumstances, we recommend you leave the selector switch on position.
A narrow angle of reflection (: less than 2.5) increases the likelihood of red eye.
It is sometimes possible to reduce red-eye effect by moving closer to the subject, or the right or left, thereby increasing the angle of reflection.

Page 136

Tips on Speedlight Care
To remove smudges, wipe with a silicon-treated or other soft, dry cloth. Never use thinner, benzine or alcohol they might damage plastic parts.
Never disassemble or repair the Speedlight. If the SB-25 malfunctions, take it immediately to an authorized Nikon dealer or service center.
Keep the SB-25 away from salt water and out of the rain.
Keep the SB-25 away from high temperatures, and do not store in a damp place.
When not using the SB-25, remove batteries to avoid damage due to battery leakage. If leakage occurs, take the SB-25 to your nearest Nikon dealer.
When not using the SB-25, perform the following once a month: 1. Install batteries, turn on the SB-25. 2. Wait until the ready-light comes on. 3. Fire flash a few times to refresh the main capacitor and lengthen the units life. 4. Turn off the SB-25, and remove the batteries.