Mobile Roofs.. 177

Lifting/Sliding Roof. Convertible Top... Emergency operation of the convertible top. Windstop... Hardtop.. Targa... Roof Transport System. 204
Practical Tips, Emergency Service. 233
Exercise Extreme Caution when Working on your Vehicle.. Tires/Wheels.. Loading Information.. Wheel Bolts.. Changing a wheel.. Flat Tire... 249 251

Dear Porsche Owner

A lot has gone into the manufacture of your Porsche, including advanced engineering, rigid quality control and demanding inspections. These engineering and safety features will be enhanced by you.

Before driving off.

Check the following items first
f Turn the engine off before you attempt any checks or repairs on the vehicle. f Be sure the tires are inflated correctly. Check tires for damage and tire wear. f See that wheel bolts are properly tightened and not loose or missing. f Check engine oil level, add if necessary. Make it a habit to have engine oil checked with every fuel filling. f Check all fluid levels such as windshield washer and brake fluid levels. f Be sure the vehicle battery is well charged and cranks the engine properly. f Check all doors and lids for proper operation and latch them properly. f Check, and if necessary replace worn or cracked wiper blades. f See that all windows are clear and unobstructed. f Check air intake slots and area between luggage compartment lid and windshield. Ensure that these areas are free of snow and ice, so the heater and the windshield wipers work properly.
f If a child will be riding in the vehicle, check child seat/child seat restraint system to ensure that restraints are properly adjusted. f Child restraint systems will not fit into the Sports bucket seat. Do not install a child restraint system in the Sports bucket seat. The Sports bucket seat cannot be equipped with the LATCH system and thus the airbag system cannot be manually deactivated. f Check all exterior and interior lights for operation and that the lenses are clean. f Check the headlights for proper aim, and if necessary, have them adjusted. f Check under the vehicle for leaks. f Be sure all luggage is stowed securely.

the safe driver.

who knows his/her car and all controls, who maintains the vehicle properly, who uses driving skills wisely and always drives within her/his own capabilities and the level of familiarity with the vehicle. You will find helpful hints in this manual on how to perform most of the checks listed on the following pages. If in doubt, have these checks performed by your authorized Porsche dealer.

Both car doors and the filler flap can be centrally unlocked or locked with the remote control. The vehicle cannot be locked if the drivers door is not completely closed. A short signal from the alarm horn will draw your attention to the fact that the following components are not completely closed when you try to lock the vehicle: Drivers door (the vehicle cannot be locked if the drivers door is not completely closed). Passengers door Luggage compartment lid Engine compartment lid Glass rear hatch (Targa) Glove compartment Unlocking the vehicle by using the key in the door lock and opening the door may activate the alarm system within 10 seconds. Note f On vehicles with the Sport Chrono Package Plus, the PCM can be used to activate automatic door locking. Please observe the chapter Individual Memory in the separate PCM operating instructions.

Automatic relocking

If the car is unlocked by remote control and none of the car doors is opened within approx. 100 seconds, automatic relocking takes place. This relocking time can be adapted to your individual requirements (10 - 100 seconds) by an authorized Porsche dealer.

Locking conditions

f Lock car once. The doors cannot be opened from the outside. Alarm system and passenger compartment monitoring are switched on. If a person or animal remains in the vehicle: f Quickly lock car twice. The doors cannot be opened from the outside. The passenger compartment monitoring is switched off. Unlocking the door with the inner door handle Any person remaining in the locked car can open the door with the inner door handle: 1. Pull inner door handle once to unlock door lock. 2. Pull inner door handle again to open door. Note f Inform any person remaining in the car that the alarm system will be triggered if the door is opened.
Malfunction of the remote control
The remote control may not function correctly due to local radio wave interference. The vehicle will then not lock properly. This can be identified by the missing locking sound and the missing check-back signal of the emergency flasher. If this should occur: f Lock the vehicle with the key in the door.
Emergency operation closing
f Lock the drivers door with the key at the door lock. If there is a defect in the central locking system, all functioning elements of the central locking system will be locked. The alarm system is switched on. The passenger compartment monitoring system is switched off. The fault should be remedied immediately at an authorized Porsche dealer.

Advanced Airbag

Your vehicle is equipped with a weight sensing system for the passenger's seat in accordance with U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208. Depending on the weight acting on the front passenger's seat, the front passenger's airbag will automatically be switched on and off. Depending on the angle and force of impact, the front passenger's airbag which is activated will be triggered during a collision. Precondition for switching the front passenger's airbag on and off, depending on weight: Vehicles equipped with key-operated airbag deactivation device: Switch position AUTO. Ignition key is inserted. Improper handling of the weight sensing system can unintentionally impair switching the passenger's airbag off and on.
Function of the airbag system
Airbags are a supplemental safety system. Your primary protection comes from your safety belts. The front airbags are triggered during a frontal collision of sufficient force and direction. In the event of a side impact of corresponding force, the side airbag on the impact side is triggered. The inflation process generates the amount of gas required to fill the airbags at the necessary pressure in fractions of a second.
Seat adjustment for the front passenger's seat Danger! Safety belts only offer protection when the backrest is upright and the belts are properly positioned on the body. Improperly positioned safety belts can cause serious personal injury or death in an accident. f Do not operate the car with the driver or passenger backrests excessively reclined. f Porsche recommends the use of L.A.T.C.H. (Lower Anchorage and Tether for Children) equipped Porsche child seat. Do not install a child restraint system in the Sports bucket seat. The Sports bucket seat cannot be equipped with the LATCH system. If the seat is in an extreme position (e.g., the backrest is in contact with the rear seat), the backrest can warp. Warping of the backrest can lead to malfunctions. f Correct the seat adjustment. Ensure that the seat is not jammed and is selfsupporting. Ensure that the backrest is in the upright position. f Do not transport a load and objects in the rear footwell and under the passenger's seat. If the load or objects are under the seat, it can cause malfunctions.

Direction of installation for child restraint systems
According to accident statistics, children are safer when properly restrained in the rear seating positions than in the front seating positions. Under all normal circumstances, the forward facing child seat must be placed in the rear. Group 0 and 0+: Children up to 29 lbs (13 kg) Children of this weight must be transported in a restraint system which is installed on the passengers seat facing rearward. Group I: Children in between 20 lbs (9 kg) and 40 lbs (18 kg) Children of this weight are held in child restraint systems facing forward. Whenever possible, these child restraint systems should be installed on the rear seats. Group II: Children in between 33 lbs (15 kg) and 55 lbs (25 kg) Children of this weight are held in child restraint systems facing forward. Whenever possible, these child restraint systems should be installed on the rear seats.
Group III: Children in between 49 lbs (22 kg) and 80 lbs (36 kg) Children of this weight are held in child restraint systems facing forward. Whenever possible, these child restraint systems should be installed on the rear seats. If a child restraint system must be fastened to the passengers seat, the passengers seat must be adjusted to the lower rear position. Note If a child seat with top tether is adapted for use on the front seat, the rear right (passengers side) anchor point must be used for anchoring the top tether. It is then not permitted for a passenger to use the rear right (passengers side) seat. It is then not permitted to install a child restraint system on the rear right (passengers side) seat. f Please see the chapter CHILD RESTRAINT ANCHORAGES on Page 55.
Using child restraint systems in the front passenger seat
f Do not install a child restraint system in the Sports bucket seat. Danger! The use of a child restraint system in the front passenger seat can result in serious personal injury or death to the child from an airbag deployment. To reduce risk of injury from an inflating airbag in an accident, Porsche strongly recommends: f Please see the chapter PASSENGER AIRBAG OFF INDICATOR LAMP DOES NOT LIGHT UP on Page 47. f Please see the chapter CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS on Page 50. f Do not install a child restraint system in the Sports bucket seat. The Sports bucket seat cannot be equipped with the LATCH system.

Light Switch

Lights switched off Daytime driving lights are switched on when the engine is running. Welcome Home Function Daytime driving lights are switched on when the engine is running. Parking lights, side marker lights, license plate light, instrument illumination, daytime driving lights switched off

Cornering light

The dynamic cornering light is activated above speeds of 6 mph (10 km/h).

Welcome Home Lighting

f Move light switch to the HOME position. For improved visibility and security when you get in and out of the car, the daytime driving lights and the tail lights remain on for a certain period of time: When you get out of the car, the lights are turned on for approx. 30 seconds after the door is opened. The off-delay time resumes when the vehicle is locked. On vehicles with the Sport Chrono Package Plus, the PCM can be used to set the off-delay time. This setting also changes the lighting period for unlocking the vehicle. Please observe the chapter Individual Memory in the separate PCM operating instructions. The lights are turned on for approx. 30 seconds when the vehicle is unlocked. The lights go out if the ignition is switched on or when leaving the Welcome Home lighting.
Automatic Headlight Beam Adjustment
Vehicles with Bi-Xenon headlights feature dynamic headlight beam adjustment. When the ignition is switched on, the level of the headlight beam automatically changes in accordance with the vehicle load. The level of the headlight beam is automatically kept constant during acceleration and braking.

Checking operation

1. Switch the low beam on. 2. Insert ignition key and switch ignition on. The light beam first dips all the way down and is then adapted to the vehicle load. If this test item is not met, the headlight beam adjustment system must be checked by an authorized Porsche dealer.
The turn signal lever turns off automatically when the steering wheel is straightened out after completing a turn.
Individual Light Functions
Further individual light functions are available in vehicles with the Sport Chrono Plus package. f Please refer to the chapter Individual Memory in the separate PCM operating instructions.

on the stopwatch on the instrument panel, in the on-board computer menu CHRONO, on the performance display in the PCM. Starting/stopping stopwatch All stopwatch displays are started and stopped via the on-board computer menu CHRONO.

Starting the timing

f Push operating lever forward. The selection field is switched on. f Select CHRONO with the operating lever.
f Push operating lever forward. The time runs on all stopwatch displays. The on-board computer display changes to the Stop timing/Intermediate time selection.
Stopping the timing After time measurement is started, the on-board computer display changes to the Stop timing/Intermediate time. f Select Stop timing with the operating lever.
f Push lever forward. The time is stopped in all stopwatch displays, and the on-board computer display changes to the Continue/Reset selection. The timing can be continued or reset to zero.
Continue timing After timing has been stopped, the on-board computer display changes to the Continue/Reset selection.
f Push operating lever forward. The stopwatch displays continue the timing. The on-board computer display returns to the Stop timing/Intermediate time selection. You can stop the stopwatch or measure an intermediate time.
Resetting the time After timing has been stopped, the on-board computer display changes to the Continue/Reset selection. f Select Reset with the operating lever.
f Push operating lever forward. The display returns to the Start timing selection. The stopwatch displays in the instrument panel and the on-board computer are reset to zero.
A - Lap B - Intermediate time
Displaying intermediate times Several intermediate times can be displayed for a route or for a lap on the race circuit. The intermediate times B are for your information. Measured lap times A can be stored and evaluated if the vehicle is equipped with Porsche Communication Management (PCM).
After timing has been started, the on-board computer display changes to the Stop timing/Intermediate time selection.
f Select Intermediate time with the operating lever and push the operating lever forwards. The intermediate time will be displayed for approx. 5 seconds.
The on-board computer display then returns to the Stop timing/Intermediate time selection. f You can stop the stopwatch or measure another intermediate time.
In order to start timing a new lap: The New lap? selection appears for 5 seconds after selection of Intermediate time. f Select New lap? with the operating lever and push the operating lever forwards.

A - Opening the lifting/sliding roof
f Press rear of rocker switch A until lifting/sliding roof reaches the desired position. One-touch operation f Touch rear of rocker switch A. Lifting/sliding roof opens to its end position. Stop it in any position by touching any button. Note The lifting/sliding roof opens until it reaches the best position relative to noise. It can be opened fully, however, if you press the rocker switch again.
When the ignition is switched on (engine switched on or off) or With doors closed and ignition key withdrawn, but only until a door is first opened.
B - Closing the lifting/sliding roof
f Press front of rocker switch B until lifting/sliding roof reaches the desired position.

Emergency operation

Warning! Risk of serious personal injury and damage to the lifting/sliding roof during emergency operation. f Do not operate the lifting/sliding roof with the rocker switch during and after emergency operation. Before using emergency operation, please check whether defective fuses are the cause of the malfunction. f Please see the chapter ELECTRICAL SYSTEM on Page 257. Closing the sliding roof 1. Carefully unclip both covers A with a screwdriver. If the car is equipped with HomeLink, the HomeLink buttons must be carefully unclipped instead of the covers. 2. Unscrew the two screws B.
C - Lifting the lifting/sliding roof
f Press center of rocker switch C until lifting/ sliding roof reaches the desired position. One-touch operation f Touch the rocker switch C in the center. Lifting/sliding roof opens to its end position. Touch button again to stop in any position.
B - Lowering the lifting/sliding roof
Caution! Risk of damage to the lifting/sliding roof. f After emergency operation, do not operate the lifting/sliding roof using the rocker switch. f Drive slowly to an authorized Porsche dealer in order to have the fault remedied.
3. Fold down the cover of the lifting/sliding roof drive at the rear. Remove the Allen key (arrow) from its holder. 4. Insert the Allen key into the drive axle.
5. Press the Allen key into the drive axle, keep it pressed in and turn it clockwise until the lifting/sliding roof is closed. 6. Remove the Allen key. Close the cover and screw in the screws. 7. Have the fault remedied at an authorized Porsche dealer.

Convertible Top

Brief operating instructions can be found on the back side of the drivers sun visor. f Please see the chapter CAR CARE INSTRUCTIONS on Page 224. Warning! When opening or closing the convertible top, serious personal injury may occur if a persons body parts are near or in the way of the convertible top mechanisms moving parts. f Make absolutely sure that nobody can be injured by the convertible-top mechanism or the convertible-top compartment lid. Do not operate convertible top: At temperatures below 32 F (0 C). When one side of the car is on a curb, a hoist or a jack. When items of luggage or other objects hinder the convertible top movement. With the rollbars extended.

Removing the hardtop

1. Open all four side windows. 2. Pull off plastic cover of the front hardtop lock (arrow).
3. Press red locking button A of the front locking lever. Fully open locking lever B.
4. Take unlocking handle D from the storage tray between the front seats. 5. Position unlocking handle D on the dot marking. Carefully remove the plastic covers C on both sides of the hardtop.
6. Insert unlocking handle D into one of the rear hardtop locks. Unscrew the fastening screw approx. 2 turns, pull off the handle, and completely unscrew the screw by hand (approx. 8 turns). 7. Pull out the fastening screw up to the stop and turn it anticlockwise 2 turns (to prevent damage). 8. Repeat procedure on the other side of the hardtop.
9. Together with a second person on the other side, grasp the hardtop at points E and F. Warning! Danger of pinching fingers or hands at the points F. f Evenly lift the hardtop at both sides. 10.First pull the hardtop rearward and up out of the locking elements. Carefully lift the hardtop up and over the vehicle to the rear.
11.Carefully remove both protection covers J to the rear. 12.Fit both plastic covers C into the trim panel. The marking point must point to the rear. These covers are also used with the hardtop. 13.Close front locking lever. Push on plastic cover of the front hardtop lock.

Putting on the hardtop

Caution! Risk of damage to the windstop and hardtop. f Always remove the windstop before fitting the hardtop. Please see the chapter WINDSTOP on Page 190.
1. Open all four side windows and convertible top. 2. Take unlocking handle D from the storage tray between the front seats. Position unlocking D on the point marking. Carefully remove both plastic covers C on both sides of the hardtop. 3. Carefully fit both protective covers J into the trim panel from behind.
4. Pull off plastic cover of the front hardtop lock.
5. Press red lock button of the front locking lever. Fully open locking lever.
Caution! Danger of damage due to inadvertent operation of the convertible top with the hardtop fitted. f Make sure that the front locking lever G is always correctly locked. This disables the convertible top drive.

Roof Transport System

(Coup only) f Please follow the separate instructions for fitting the Roof Transport System. f Only use Roof Transport Systems from the Porsche Tequipment product range or Roof Transport Systems which have been tested and approved for your car by Porsche. Fitting normal commercially available luggage racks is not possible. The Porsche Roof Transport System allows you to carry various sports and hobby equipment. Your authorized Porsche dealer will be pleased to tell you about the various different uses of the Roof Transport System.
Safety notes! f Completely remove the Roof Transport System before using an automatic car wash risk of damage to the vehicle! f Do not exceed the maximum permitted payload, the maximum permitted gross weight and the maximum permitted axle loads. Please see the chapter WEIGHTS COUP on Page 291. f Distribute load evenly, with heavy items as low as possible. Items of luggage must not project beyond the side of the load area. f Fix and secure every item to the basic carrier with a rope or lashing strap (do not use elastic rubber tensioners). f Before every journey, and at regular intervals during long trips, check that Roof Transport System and load are secure. Re-tighten if necessary and secure additionally by locking.
When the Roof Transport System is loaded, the maximum speed depends on the nature, size and weight of the load being carried. Driving, braking and steering behavior change due to the higher center of gravity and the greater wind-resistant area. You should adapt your driving style appropriately. Since fuel consumption and noise are increased with the Roof Transport System fitted, it should not remain on the vehicle if not in use.

Maintenance, Car Care

Exercise Extreme Caution when Working on your Vehicle... Coolant Level.. Engine Oil.. Engine Oil Level.. Engine Oil Recommendation.. Brake Fluid Level.. Fuel Economy.. Operating your Porsche in other Countries. Fuel Recommendations.. Portable Fuel Containers.. Fuel Evaporation Control.. Emission Control System.. How Emission Control Works.. Washer Fluid.. Power Steering... Air Filter... Combination Filter.. Fluids/Oils for Manual Transmission and Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK). Wiper Blades.. Car Care Instructions.. 223 224
Exercise Extreme Caution when Working on your Vehicle
Danger! Ignoring the following instructions may cause serious personal injury or death. f The engine compartment of any motor vehicle is a potentially hazardous area. If you are not fully familiar with proper repair procedures, do not attempt the adjustments described on the following pages. This caution also applies to the entire vehicle. f Only work on your vehicle outdoors or in a well ventilated area. f Ensure that there are no open flames in the area of your vehicle at any time when fuel fumes might be present. Be especially cautious of such devices such as hot water heaters which ignite a flame intermittently. f Before working on any part in the engine compartment, turn the engine off and let it cool down sufficiently. Hot engine compartment components can burn skin on contact. f Be alert and cautious around engine at all times while the engine is running. If work has to be performed with the engine running, always set the parking brake, and make sure the shift lever is in neutral position or the PDK selector lever in position P or N.

Operating your Porsche in other Countries
Government regulations in the United States and Canada require that automobiles meet specific emission regulations and safety standards. Therefore, cars built for the U.S. and Canada differ from vehicles sold in other countries. If you plan to take your Porsche outside the continental limits of the United States or Canada, there is the possibility that unleaded fuel may not be available; unleaded fuel may have a considerably lower octane rating. Excessive engine knock and serious damage to both engine and catalytic converters could result; service may be inadequate due to lack of proper service facilities, tools or diagnostic equipment; replacement parts may not be available or very difficult to get. Porsche cannot be responsible for the mechanical damage that could result because of inadequate fuel, service or parts availability. If you purchased your Porsche abroad and want to bring it back home, be sure to find out about shipping and forwarding requirements, as well as current import and customs regulations.
f Drive smoothly, avoid abrupt changes in speed as much as possible. f Avoid jack rabbit starts and sudden stops. f Do not drive longer than necessary in the lower gears. Shifting into a higher gear early without lugging the engine will help save fuel. f Prolonged warm up idling wastes gas. Start the vehicle just before you are ready to drive. Accelerate slowly and smoothly. f Switch off the engine if stationary for longer periods.
Warning! Fuel is highly flammable and harmful to health. f Fire, open flame and smoking are prohibited when handling fuel. f Avoid contact with skin or clothing. f Do not inhale fuel vapors. To prevent damage to the emission control system and engine: f Never drive the tank completely out of fuel. f Avoid high cornering speeds after the warning lights have come on. f Please see the chapter FUEL ECONOMY on Page 214. Please see the chapter EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM on Page 218. Please see the chapter LEVEL GAGE on Page 122. Check engine warning light If the warning lights in the instrument panel and onboard computer come on and remain on while driving, it suggests: a potential engine control problem and the need for system service or an improperly fastened tank cap or Maintenance, Car Care refueling with engine running. If there is a defect in the automatic unlocking system: f Open the passenger door. f Pull the ring in the right-hand door aperture (arrow).

Opening the filler flap

The filler opening is under the filler flap in the front right fender. f With the vehicle unlocked, press on the front part of the filler flap (arrow) to open the flap. The filler flap is centrally locked along with the other locks.
1. Important: Stop the engine and switch off the ignition. 2. Slowly unscrew the tank cap. Hang the tank cap's plastic strap on the hook on the inside wall of the filler flap. 3. Insert fuel-hose nozzle fully into the filler neck with the handle of the fuel-hose nozzle facing down. 4. Do not add further fuel once the correctly operated automatic fuel-hose nozzle has switched off. Fuel could spray or could run over in warm temperatures. 5. Replace the tank cap immediately after refueling and turn it until you hear it and feel it engage. If you lose the tank cap, you must replace it only with an original part to reduce the possibility of a fire in the event of a collision. Caution! Risk of damage. Decorative film may fade if it comes into contact with fuel. f Wipe off any emerging fuel immediately.

For checking the headlight adjustment, the vertical position of the cutoff of the lowbeam (see fig.) has to be projected on a vertical screen (wall) in distance of 24.6 ft. (7.5 m) from the front lens of the headlamp. The correct position of the cutoff is 2.0 in. (5 cm) at 24.6 ft. or 7.5 m (0.4) below a horizontal line, x cm from ground to the center of the headlamp lens.
Lateral adjustment of the headlights should be carried out at a specialist workshop with an optical adjustment unit. Distance Visual aim shall be performed at not less than 24.6 ft./7.5 m (this value is a rounded down conversion from the 25-foot distance typical of field aim using a screen). The 24.6 ft./7.5 m distance is measured from the headlamp lens to the viewing screen.
Floor The surface upon which the vehicle rests is flat and approximately level. Screen The screen upon which headlamp beams are projected is perpendicular to the floor and the vehicles longitudinal axis, flat, uniformly light in color, unobstructed, and wide and high enough to accommodate the vehicle beam patterns to be aimed. The screen should be wide enough to provide at least 3.3 ft. (1 m) of space outboard of the vehicles headlamp spacing.

Adjustment screws

B - Headlight vertical adjustment
f Detach side carpeting in luggage compartment. Unscrew plastic nut A. Open the cover of the appropriate adjustment screw. The setting is adjusted by turning the hexagon socket screws right or left, as appropriate.
Vertical adjustment (screw B)
f turn clockwise = beam moves down turn counter-clockwise = beam moves up Note f Do not alter the lateral adjustment.
Certain state statutes and local ordinances prohibit towing with a chain, rope or even a tow bar. In addition, damage to your vehicle may result from improper procedures. Consult your authorized Porsche dealer for details.

Towing hook

The towing hook A is contained in the tool box in the luggage compartment. Caution! Risk of damage to the vehicle. f Use the towing hook only for an emergency to remove the vehicle off the road. The towing hook is to be used only to pull the vehicle onto the flat bed, tractor or towing aparatus if the vehicle will roll freely. Under no circumstances is the vehicle to be secured using the towing hook. f Never use the towing hook to tow this or any other vehicle.

Vehicle towing

Flat bed towing is the preferred type of towing to be used on Porsche vehicles. Under certain circumstances, wheel lifts may be used when the vehicle will not roll. The vehicle must be towed with all four wheels off the ground, otherwise damage to the vehicle may result.

Tires, Rims, Tracks 911 Carrera 4, 911 Carrera 4S, 911 Targa 4, 911 Targa 4S
Tire Summer tires* front rear front rear front rear front rear front rear 235/40 ZR 18 (91Y) 295/35 ZR 18 (99Y) 235/35 ZR 19 (87Y) 305/30 ZR 19 (102Y) XL 235/35 ZR 19 (87Y) 305/30 ZR 19 (102Y) XL 235/40 R 18 91V M+S 295/35 R 18 99V M+S** 235/35 R 19 87V M+S 295/30 R 19 100V XL M+S** Rim 8 J x 18 HJ x 18 HJ x 19 HJ x 19 H2 8.5 J x 19 H2 11.5 J x 19 HJ x 18 HJ x 18 HJ x 19 HJ x 19 H2 Rim offset 57 mm 51 mm 57 mm 51 mm 55 mm 50 mm 57 mm 51 mm 57 mm 51 mm Track 58.6 in./1488 mm 60.9 in./1548 mm 58.6 in./1488 mm 60.9 in./1548 mm 58.6 in./1488 mm 60.9 in./1548 mm 58.6 in./1488 mm 60.9 in./1548 mm 58.6 in./1488 mm 60.9 in./1548 mm
The load capacity coefficient (e.g. 91) and maximum speed code letter (e.g. Y) are minimum requirements. Snow chains Can be mounted only on the rear wheels; maximum speed 30 mph (50 km/h). Use only Porsche authorized fine-link cross-type or edge chains. Snow chain clearance can be guaranteed only on the tire + rim combination marked**. Tire and rim sizes Extensive tests are performed before specific tires and wheels are approved by Porsche. Your Porsche dealer has information about approved tires and wheels and is happy to assist you. If aftermarket tires and/or wheels are installed which are not approved by Porsche, the vehicles driveability, stability while in motion and handling characteristics might be impaired. Since Porsche has no data on such combinations, Porsche cannot stand behind the safety or durability of these aftermarket combinations.
* 911 Carrera 4S, 911 Targa 4S: Summer tires 19-inch only
Danger! Installation of sizes not authorized by Porsche may have a dangerous effect on the driving stability and could result in serious personal injury or death. f Before mounting new tires, check with your Porsche dealer about the current release status.
Tire Pressures for cold tires (68 F / 20 C)
Summer and snow tires 911 Carrera, 911 Carrera S partially loaded (up to 2 persons without luggage) 34 psi (2.3 bar) 38 psi (2.6 bar) 34 psi (2.3 bar) 40 psi (2.7 bar) fully loaded (as of 2 persons with luggage) 37 psi (2.5 bar) 44 psi (3.0 bar) 37 psi (2.5 bar) 44 psi (3.0 bar)

18 inch wheels

front rear front rear

19 inch wheels

Lids... 260 Lifting/Sliding roof.. 179 Tank flap.. 215 Emergency service.. 234 Emergency starting with jumper cables..267, 268 Emission control system. 125, 218, 219 Engine Checking the oil level.. 153 Diagram..299 Exhaust.. 5 Number... 285 Oil consumption.. 10, 208 Oil level... 208 Oil level indicator.. 153 Oil pressure.. 124 Oil temperature.. 116 Oils.. 208, 290 Speeds.. 10 Starting.. 77 Stopping... 78 Engine compartment Blower... 78, 120 Blower fan.. 120 Care.. 227 Lid.. 93, 94 Lid warning light. 93 Engine oil Change... 210 Consumption.. 10 Performance class.. 211 Recommendation.. 210 Topping off...209 Viscosity.. 211
Exhaust Pipes...5 System..57 Tailpipes, stainless steel..229 External antenna...100
Garage Door... 78 Door opener.. 103 Lift.. 254 Gear display.. 112, 114 Gear shift indicator.. 119 Glass rear hatch... 200 Glass rear hatch (Targa) Unlocking.. 16 Glass roof.. 200 Glove compartment.. 92 Gong.. 14, 75, 80, 129 Ground clearance.. 5
Fabric linings...230 Filler flap..215 Filling pressure, tire..289 Fire extinguisher...102 Flat tire..251 Floor mats..230 Fluids..222 Fluids and fuels..290 FM reception..98 Fog light, rear..80 Footbrake...58 Four-wheel drive..63 Fresh air intake..109 Front lid..93, 94 Fuel...122, 215 Containers..5, 217 Economy..214 Evaporation control..217 Fuels containing ethanol..217 Level gage...122 Level warning light..122 Recommendation.216, 217 Recommendations..216 Tank..216 Function keys..39 Fuses, replacing...259
Handbrake... 57 Hardtop... 194 Putting on.. 196 Removing.. 194 Head restraints.. 30 Headlights.. 270 Adjusting.. 278, 279 Beam adjustment.. 81 Cleaning system.. 83, 220 Flasher.. 82 Heated rear window.. 29 Heated rear window/Door mirror heating.. 110 Heater.. 106 High beam Indicator light.. 119 Lever... 80 High-pressure cleaning units. 224 Home mode.. 81 Index
HomeLink... 103 Hoods.. 93, 94 Horn.. 12, 19, 21 Hot exhaust pipes.. 5
Ignition key... 74 Emergency operation.. 76 Ignition lock.. 74 Withdrawing ignition key, PDK transmission.. 172 Immobilizer.. 15 Indicator lights. 112, 114 INFO Warning messages.. 132 Instrument Illumination... 116 Lights.. 80 Panel.. 112, 114, 158 Interior lights.. 71 Interior mirror.. 28

Jumper cables.. 267

Key codes.. 15 Key-operated airbag deactivation device. 49 Keys.. 15, 16
LATCH System.. 54 Launch Control.. 173 Leather care... 230
License plate light...80 Lids...94 Emergency unlocking.260 Lifting vehicle..254 Lifting/sliding roof..178 Light Daytime driving..80 Flasher..80, 82, 119 Low beam..80, 82 Sensor for instrument illumination.112, 114 Switch..80, 82 Light alloy wheels Inscription..245 Lights Care..229 Headlight beam adjustment..81 LIMIT Acoustic warning signal for speed limit.129 Load switch-off..258 Loading information.246 Locking...19 Conditions..21 Locking retractor..53 Low beam..82 Lowering..56 Luggage carrier..291, 292 Luggage compartment..95, 97 Lid..93 Lid warning light.93 Unlocking lid...16 Luggage compartment/ engine compartment lid, warning lights.93 Luggage rack..204

of the standard Sport Chrono Package Turbo, the 911 Turbo S accelerates from a standstill to 60 mph in 3.1 seconds. Top track speed is 195 mph (315 km/h). Extra-light and fade resistant Porsche Ceramic Composite Brakes (PCCB) provides outstanding performance in terms of stopping power and controlled application of the brakes. Other standard equipment on the 911 Turbo S includes Dynamic Corning Lights, 19-inch RS Spyder wheels with central locking, a three-spoke sports steering wheel with gearshift paddles, adaptive sports seats, cruise control, and a CD/DVD changer. The special twin-tone leather upholstery in Black/Cream or Black/Titanium Blue, along with the new Ice Blue Metallic exterior color underlines the exclusivity of the first Turbo S in five years. The 2011 Turbo S Coupe and Turbo S Cabriolet prices are $160,700 and $172,100, respectively, plus 950 for destination. 911 GT3 and GT3 RS The GT3 uses a highly refined version of the 3.8-liter horizontally opposed six-cylinder engine found in other members of the current 911 GT family. The engine, based on the famous GT1, is unique with its application of Porsches VarioCam Plus variable valve-lift and timing technology operating on both intake and exhaust camshafts, rather than solely the intake. The 911 GT3 boasts a variable intake manifold and a special, lowrestriction, large-capacity exhaust system that ensures free engine breathing, yet still keeps sound levels within public-road legal limits. The exhaust systems unique, dual centrally mounted outlets beneath the rear bumper are an instant giveaway to the 911 GT3s identity. The result of these refinements is a powerplant that produces 435 horsepower at 7600 rpm and 317 lb-ft of torque at 6250 rpm. The high-revving engine has a redline of 8500 rpm. As befits its ultra high-performance capabilities and persona, the 911 GT3 comes only with a special six-speed manual gearbox with ratios designed to optimize the engine's extended rev range. Optional dynamic engine mounts are also available. A mechanical limited-slip differential completes the drivetrain. Employing components developed for the awesome Carrera GT, the differential provides asymmetric limited-slip functions of 28 percent under load and 40 percent in overrun.

the new, extra large and adjustable carbon-fiber rear wing and titanium exhaust system. It goes on sale in the United States in early spring 2011 with an MSRP of $135,500, plus $950 for destination. New Carrera builds on time-honored GTS name When it comes to a name, adding the letters GTS has the time-honored prestige of designating the ultimate performer in the renowned Carrera lineup. The new Carrera GTS promises to be one of the brands most exhilarating sports cars ever, dishing out 23 more horsepower than the 911 Carrera S, and thereby narrowing the power gap with its mighty 911 GT3 brethren. Remarkably, the new GTS available as a Coupe and Cabriolet adds this power, while remaining just as economical as the Carrera Smore proof that Porsche Intelligent Performance is much more than a slogan. Again, with each new model, Porsche is proving that high performance and fuel efficiency can go hand in hand. As you would expect, the GTS adds an expressive and visual touch to the Carrera lineup. First, it combines the wider Carrera 4 body of the AWD models, including a wider rear track and wheels, with rear-wheel drive. Other details that distinguish it include 19-inch center-mount RS Spyder wheels, painted black, with high-gloss rim flanges and 305/30 R 19 tires on the rear axle. The GTS also includes the SportDesign front apron with black spoiler edge, special sideskirts, and the Carrera GTS logotype on doors and rear lid. The area between the two tailpipes in the rear is also black. Inside, this new Carrera uses black Alcantara in combination with the standard interior color, ensuring that wherever driver and passenger make contact there is the special feel of the Alcantarafor example on the outside of the new three-spoke SportDesign steering wheel and on the gear and handbrake levers. Of course, as you would expect, the GTS earns its pedigree under the hood, where special attention to the intake and exhaust functions of the famous 3.8-liter flat-six engine allows it to deliver 408 hp, while increasing available torque in the mid-rev range. Maximum torque of 310 lb. ft. (420 Nm) is unchanged, but is available at a more desirable 4,200 rpm; 200 rpm earlier when compared with the Carrera S. The Carrera GTS comes standard with a six-speed manual transmission with the seven-speed Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK) available. In comparison with the Carrera S, top track speed for manual transmission Coupe rises by two mph to 190 (306 km/h). Acceleration from zero to 60 is 4.0 seconds for the GTS Coupe with PDK and Sport Chrono Package Plus. And the new Carrera GTS will offer fuel economy of up to 19 mpg city / 27 mpg highway.

In the U.S., the 911 Carrera GTS Coupe and Cabriolet will be available beginning in early 2011 and MSRP will be $103,100 and $112,900 respectively. Exciting New 911 is fourth model in Porsche history to bear the Speedster name The Speedster pays homage to the first Porsche model to bear the Speedster name the 356 Speedster. Significantly different from other members of the 911 family, this two-seat roadster features a 2.36 (60 millimeter) lower, more raked windscreen and the characteristic speedster double-bubble hardcover for the manual soft top. Helping to define the striking profile of the new Speedster, the 1.73 (44 millimeter) wide-body from the AWD 911 models makes the rear-wheel-drive only Speedster stand out even more. The production run of this special car will be limited to 356 units worldwide, with approximately 100 heading to the U.S.
The new 911 speedster combines the classic features of the now well-known Speedster series with improved performance over the current 911 generation: The 3.8-liter flat six engine delivers 408 horsepower (hp), 23 hp more in comparison with the 911 Carrera S Cabriolet, yet is EPA rated the same at 19 mpg city / 27 mpg highway. The 2011 Speedster reaches 0-60 MPH in 4.2 seconds with Sport Chrono Plus and has a top-track speed of 190 mph (305 km/h) all courtesy of Porsche Intelligent Performance. The seven-speed Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK) transmission transmits power to the rear axle with a limited-slip differential lock, also included as standard equipment. A sixspeed manual transmission is not available. Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) and Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB) are standard, too. Add to that exemplary protection for driver and passengers in the new 911 Speedster as Porsche engineers improved the rollover protection system which is standard in all open-top Porsche cars. In 1953, the Speedster series was launched as a purist sports car based on the Porsche 356. New York Porsche importer Max Hoffman envisioned a lightweight 356 cabriolet that would look and perform in America like no other sports car. The car Porsche created had two sports bucket seats, doors with slide-in plastic windows and a shortened, elegantly curved windscreen and proved to be quite popular, especially in southern California. In 1988, the second Speedster, this time based on the 911 Carrera, celebrated its revival with an added feature: the characteristic double bubbles. In 1993/1994, the next evolutionary stage of the 911 Carrera was ushered in with the third Speedster edition. The conception of the current Speedster comes from Porsche Exclusive the department specializing in individualization of all Porsche cars and limited production models like the 911 Speedster. The 2011 Speedster heralds the 25th anniversary of Porsche Exclusive which will

be celebrated in 2011, and once again, demonstrates the small-series competence of Porsche Exclusive after the European success of the Sport Classic. Living up to the Porsche Exclusive standard, the 911 Speedster features almost all optional equipment of the 911 series and its appeal also comes from its meticulously hand-finished interior in black smoothfinish leather with numerous exterior color painted details exclusive to the Speedster. These include decorative designs with checkerboard patterns in the seat center-section of the adaptive sports seats suggestive of a checkered flag, and the leather side bolsters in the exterior color. The sporty flavor is further enhanced by the exterior color Pure Blue which has been developed exclusively for the Speedster, providing an intriguing contrast with the tinted front lights, black headlight rings, black windscreen surround and other black decorative designs. Upon request, the Speedster is available in Carrara White, at no extra cost. It also features a special front apron, specific sideskirts and a distinct rear apron. In the U.S., the 911 Carrera Speedster will be available beginning in early 2011, MSRP will be $204,000, plus $950 destination charge. Timeless Character: 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera S Coupe and Cabriolets Porsche 911 Carrera is an icon, and its silhouette has been a Porsche design staple since it debuted at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1963 as the successor to the Porsche 356. The 911 Carrera Coupe and Cabriolet feature Porsches 3.6-liter, six-cylinder horizontally opposed or boxer engine producing 345 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 288 lb-ft of torque at 4400 rpm. The 911 Carrera S Coupe and Cabriolet have Porsches 3.8-liter version providing 385 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 310 lb-ft of torque at 4400 rpm. The 911 Coupe sprints form 0 to 60 mph in 4.7 seconds with its standard six-speed manual gearbox on its way to a top test-track speed of 180 mph. Adding PDK lowers the acceleration time to 4.5 seconds, and adding the optional Sport Chrono Package Plus drops the time an additional two-tenths of a second to 4.3 seconds. A PDK-equipped 911 Coupe has a top test track speed of 178 mph. Although equipped with a soft top for quick open-air motoring, the 911 Cabriolet certainly does not fall short on performance. With the standard six-speed manual it accelerates to 60 mph in just 4.9 seconds. Adding PDK lowers this time to 4.7 seconds, and activating Launch Control with the optional Sport Chrono Plus Package further reduces the time to 4.5 seconds. Top track speeds are also 180 mph and 178 mph for models with the six-speed manual gearbox and PDK transmission, respectively.

Yet the Porsche Intelligent Performance development strategy, where technologies such as DFI and lightweight construction are employed to maximize fuel efficiency, is evident between visits to the pump. The 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera S Coupe get 18 mpg city/25 mpg highway with the six-speed manual gearbox, while the 911 Carrera Cabriolet and Carrera S Cabriolet get 18 mpg city/26 mpg highway. The 911 Coupe with the PDK transmission gets 19 mpg city/27 mpg highway and the Cabriolet gets 18 mpg city/27 highway, while the 911 S Coupe and Cabriolet with PDK achieve 19 mpg city/26 mpg highway and 19 mpg city/26 mpg highway, respectively. The 2011 MSRPs are $77,800 for the 911 Carrera Coupe, $90,500 for the 911 Carrera S Coupe, $88,800 for the 911 Carrera Cabriolet, and $101,500 for the 911 Carrera S Cabriolet. Destination is $950. 911 Carrera 4 and 911 Carrera 4S Coupes and Cabriolets The first all-wheel drive 911 available for U.S. buyers, the 911 Carrera 4, arrived on our shores as a 1989 model. For some 22 years, Porsche has offered all-wheel drive 911 models, and today the technology can be found in other Porsche models like the Cayenne SUV and new models of the Panamera Gran Turismo. Mechanically, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4, Carrera 4 Cabriolet and Carrera 4S Coupes and Cabriolets are defined by their all-weather capabilities. These cars benefit from the same electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management (PTM) system found under the awesome Porsche 911 Turbo. PTM can vary the torque split infinitesimally and absolutely between front and rear wheels as needed for optimum traction. However, since most purists feel -- and Porsche engineers staunchly believe -- that rear-drive is critical for optimum sporty driving, PTM directs two thirds of the engines torque to the rear wheels under normal driving conditions. When the system determines the need, PTM diverts engine power and torque to the front axle in millisecond cycles. Particularly at very high speeds, all the driver feels is the cars significant stability. The 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet are powered by the same 3.6-liter, six-cylinder horizontally opposed or boxer engine found in their two-wheel drive siblings. This engine produces 345 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 288 lb-ft of torque at 4000 rpm. And likewise, the 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet feature Porsches 3.8-liter engine providing 385 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 310 lb-ft of torque at 4400 rpm.
In the 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet, this translates to a 0-to-60 mph time of 4.8 and 5.0 seconds, respectively, and a top test-track speed of 177 mph when fitted with the standard sixspeed manual gearbox. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.6 and 4.8 seconds, and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package further improves this sprint time to 4.4 and 4.6 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDK-equipped 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet is 175 mph. The S versions of Porsches all-wheel drive 911 Coupes and Cabriolets significantly raise the bar. Using the 3.8-liter Porsche boxer engine mated to the standard six-speed manual gearbox, 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 4.5 and 4.7 seconds, respectively, on their way to a top test-track speed of 185 mph. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.3 and 4.5 seconds, and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package further improves this sprint time to 4.1 and 4.3 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDKequipped 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet is 183 mph. With the six-speed manual gearbox, the Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet get 18 mpg city/24 mpg highway and 18 mpg city/25 highway, respectively. With PDK, they both get 18 mpg city/26 highway. The MSRP for the Carrera 4 Coupe and Cabriolet is $84,100 and $95,100, respectively, plus $950 for destination. The 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet get 18 mpg city/25 mpg highway with the six-speed manual gearbox. With the PDK transmission they get 18 mpg city/26 mpg highway and 18 mpg city/27 mpg highway, respectively. The 2011 MSRPs for the 911 Carrera 4S Coupe and Cabriolet is $96,800 and $107,800, respectively, plus $950 for destination. 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S In 1967 Porsche introduced American drivers to a new open-top sports car interpretation by offering the 911 Targa. Originally, the idea of employing a removable roof panel with a bandstyle roll bar was Porsches engineering solution to a feared ban on the traditional folding softtop. That ban never happened, but soon after Porsche began offering the 911 Targa, its popularity had been solidified and soon demand far exceeded supply. The 911 Targa, named after the famous Targa Florio where Porsche scored more victories than anyone else, stayed in the 911 model lineup for many years, and today it is offered in the form of the all-wheel drive 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S. The stunning glass-roofed 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S are unique. With roofs made entirely of two glass panels, this transparent cover extends from the windshield header all the way back to the leading edge of the engine cover and spans the width of the roof from side frame to side frame.

The combination of glass roof panels, windshield, side windows and rear glass creates a seethrough canopy for the occupants with an unobstructed view in all directions, yet provides total protection from the elements. The front glass panel, which completely covers the area over the front seats, may be opened like a conventional sunroof. The rear glass panel is hinged and can be opened like a hatch to provide access to the rear seat area. This makes the 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S the only 911 models with this feature. Both panels are made from a specially formulated glass that absorbs nearly all ultraviolet radiation yet remains transparent. An electrically operated roller blind adds insulation against the cold and bright sunlight. Mechanically, these cars are based Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes, and thus retain their all-weather capabilities thanks to the electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management (PTM) system. It can vary torque infinitesimally and absolutely between front and rear wheels as needed, yet directs two thirds of the engines torque to the rear wheels under normal driving conditions to provide more sporty dynamics. The 911 Targa 4 features Porsches 3.6-liter, six-cylinder horizontally opposed engine producing 345 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 288 lb-ft of torque at 4000 rpm. The 911 Targa 4S has the 3.8-liter engine providing 385 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 310 lb-ft of torque at 4400 rpm. The 911 Targa 4 with the standard six-speed manual gearbox accelerates from 0 to 60 mph 5.0 seconds on its way to a top test-track speed of 177 mph. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.8 seconds, and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package further improves this sprint time to 4.6 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDK-equipped 911 Targa 4 is 175 mph. The 911 Targa 4S, using the 3.8-liter Porsche boxer engine mated to the standard six-speed manual gearbox, accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 4.7 seconds. The top test-track speed is an impressive 185 mph. Adding the PDK gearbox drops the 0-to-60 times to 4.5 seconds and adding the optional Sports Chrono Package drops the time to 4.3 seconds. The top test-track speed for a PDK-equipped 911 Targa 4S is 183 mph. The 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S get 18 mpg city/25 mpg highway and 17 mpg city/25 mpg highway with the six-speed manual gearbox. With the PDK transmission the 911 Targa 4 gets 18 mpg city/26 mpg highway while the 911 Targa 4S gets 18 mpg city/27 mpg

Efficiency through Better Breathing The Porsche VarioCam Plus in the DFI engines takes full advantage of free-flowing intake manifolds. The intakes boast a dual chamber design in which there are two openings and separate intake funnels in the rear engine cover. These funnels feed air to separate, round air filters. This optimizes air flow and also means the replacement intervals for the filter is 56,000 miles. As an inherent attribute of 911s, the upper section of the 3.8-liter engine's intake features actively switchable resonance volume. Additional volume is activated as a function of engine speed, with temperature compensation being provided by a vacuum-controlled butterfly, improving the engine's acoustics. The intake manifolds in the engines are themselves made of a special synthetic material. They incorporate a resonance pipe integral with the air-distribution pipe between left and right intake runners, as well as additional resonance chambers. The 3-8-liter engine also has a switchable resonance butterfly, which adjusts the oscillation of the intake charge to maximize torque at lower engine speeds. At full load between 2600 and 5100 rpm, the resonance butterfly is closed; at lower and higher speeds it is open. The exhaust manifolds are essential to the engines supreme performance: the lengths of the individual exhaust runners are intricately equalized and optimized for smoothness and efficiency. Furthermore, the catalytic converters are directly behind the right- and left-hand manifolds, rather than being mounted crosswise behind the engine. Thanks to the engines' DFI, there is also no need to inject secondary air into the exhaust stream to complete combustion. Strong and Light as Well While highly sophisticated and laden with high technology, the horizontally opposed, six-cylinder engines are weight savers as well. Among the critical features to the basic engine design is a two-piece crankcase (previously a four-piece unit). This crankcase has integral crankshaft bearings. In addition, Porsche's engineers have enhanced the thermal and mechanical stability of the engine. With the closeddeck configuration, the tops of the cylinder liners are now connected with the housing by a top plate which incorporates the coolant sleeves. This design increases stability and durability while helping reduce oil consumption and friction. Further weight and complexity are saved through the elimination of the intermediate shaft needed to drive the timing chains in the previous engine from 2008. Thanks to new, highly resistant timing chains, that shaft is not needed. At the time, Porsches engineers also

developed new one-piece cylinder heads that incorporate the camshaft bearings and the guide cylinders for the hydraulic cup tappets. Leaving no stone unturned in their quest for maximum efficiency, Porsche's engine designers developed an engine lubricating oil system that ensures thorough lubrication regardless of driving conditions while minimizing operating losses for improved fuel economy. Given that 911 sports cars are designed to be driven quickly and enthusiastically, every element must withstand extended periods of high levels of lateral acceleration. Drawing from decades of racing success, Porsche's engineers ensured the cars' engines would always be adequately lubricated, even under the most extreme driving conditions. Here, Porsche employs its proven integral dry sump system, with four intakes and one electronically controlled pressure oil pump operating on demand. The engine's electronic management system adjusts the supply of oil by means of a hydraulically activated, axially moved gear in the pressure pump. As the gear is moved, its mesh section width is changed, varying the volume of oil moved. The pump runs on a chain-driven shaft spun by the crankshaft. The result is optimum lubrication with minimal energy consumption. In addition, two suction pumps extract oil from each of the two cylinder heads and feed it to the oil sump where a new baffle plate largely separates the crankcase and the sump, resulting in low splash losses in the crankcase and minimizing oil foaming in the sump. The integrated dry-sump system is so precise at monitoring oil levels that the engines have no engine oil dipstick. Instead, an electronic monitor measures the oil level and displays the result on the instrument cluster. Keeping it Cool Engine cooling for both the 3.6- and 3.8-liter engines is optimized by the cooling around the exhaust valve seat rings, which efficiently dissipates heat in the cylinder heads. Getting the Power Out As before, the 911 Carrera, Carrerra 4 and Targa 4 models, including the S versions, and GTS come equipped with an advanced six-speed manual gearbox as standard. The GT3s and GT2 RS come exclusively with the manual. This highly refined manual transmissions boast high strength and supreme performance. For example, the transmission uses steel rather than brass synchronizing rings as well as thick shafts and wide gears. Still, its weight is kept down by using extra-thin aluminum in the oil chamber walls.

Of course, many 911 models can be equipped with the highly acclaimed and innovative Porsche PDK transmission (standard on the Turbo S models and the Speedster). This sevenspeed can be shifted manually by the driver or used as a lightening-fast automatic transmission. The PDK transmission in the 911 is the result of years of Porsche motorsport competition, and was originally developed in the 1980s for the all-conquering Porsche 962 Group C racecar. Its use in the 911 and other Porsches is the result of the companys hard-earned race track experience and recent advancements in electronic control technology. The PDK allows the driver to shift up and down using either steering-wheel mounted switches, optional paddles, or the console-mounted gear selector. Or the driver can simply leave the PDK in automatic mode and allow it to operate totally on its own. Put extremely simply, the PDK is two manual gearboxes combined into one unit. At its crux, the PDK has a sophisticated electronically controlled valve body overseeing the operation of two separate multi-plate wet-clutch packs, each with its own gearset. One clutch activates first, third, fifth, seventh and reverse, the other acts on second, fourth and sixth. Only one of the clutch packs is engaged at any given moment. As one disengages, the other simultaneously engages. Since each gear is pre-selected and already in mesh when its clutch pack engages, the shift is completed instantly and without any loss of power. Like the clutch packs, the gears' shift forks are electro-hydraulically operated. This all adds up to gear changes that occur in milliseconds, faster and smoother even under full load -- than can be made by even the most adept driver. In manual mode, under load, the PDK upshifts sequentially, alternating between odd and even numbered gearsets. During downshifts, however, the PDK can skip gears, even going from seventh to second. In downshifts within the same gearset, intermediate gears in the other unit are engaged briefly. For example, if the PDK downshifts from sixth to fourth, fifth gear is activated temporarily as fourth gear is selected and the ECU synchronizes engine and transmission speeds. Wait, There's Still More Performance Available For those enthusiast drivers who want even more direct control of the PDK double-clutch transmission, Porsche's engineers have configured the optional Sports Chrono Package Plus to work with PDK. Pressing the Sport or Sport Plus button on the center console allows the driver to select his desired gear directly. The shift points are adjusted infinitely as a function of the drivers style and
the button pressed. An added feature is an aggressive downshifting program whenever the driver hits the gas pedal quickly. The available Sport program provides enhanced driving dynamics by preventing an automatic upshift when the driver lifts off the throttle quickly, as when entering a turn. The transmission won't upshift in curves if the car's lateral acceleration and road speed inform the ECU that the driver is driving aggressively. Automatic and quick downshifts under braking are based on the vehicle's road speed and rate of deceleration. Finally, the program alters the shift points to compensate for elevation above sea level. The driver always has the ability to shift gears directly, regardless of the PDK's program mode. While in the fully automatic mode, the manual gear selections made via the steering-wheel switches or paddles remain in effect for about eight seconds, depending on the vehicle's momentum and lateral acceleration. Porsches Sports Chrono Package Plus includes Launch Control and a special gearshift function for extremely dynamic driving. Launch Control delivers optimum acceleration regardless of conditions and is activated by pressing the Sports Plus button in the center console. For race-like starts, the driver holds down the brake pedal with his left foot while pressing the accelerator pedal with his right, revving the engine to about 6500 rpm. He then releases the brake, and PDK ensures minimal wheelspin with maximum torque. The Sports Chrono Package Plus with PDK also offers a gearshift strategy for extreme performance with shift points optimized for the track. Activated by the Sports Plus button, the PDK switches to the fastest possible reaction and gearshift times, twice as fast as on the Tiptronic S. When shifting up under full load, the engine is revved up to maximum speed with a brief overboost of power. And to optimize performance when downshifting, the transmission automatically applies extra gas in between shifts. Brakes Stopping What Goes Fast Inherent in the Porsche philosophy is that every Porsche must have braking power commensurate with its acceleration and top test-track speed capabilities. Therefore, all 911s are equipped with cross-drilled, internally vented four-wheel disc antilock brakes. The front brakes on the 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera 4 Coupes and Cabriolets, as well as the 911 Targa 4, have 12.99 inch by 1.1 inch (330 mm by 28 mm) rotors on all four corners. The S versions of these models have the same rear rotors, but the front discs are larger, measuring 12.99 inches by 1.34 inches (330 mm by 34 mm). In comparison, the 911 GT3, 911 GT3 RS and 911 Turbo front discs are 14.96 inches by 1.34 inches

(380 mm by 34 mm) and the rear discs measure 13.78 inches by 1.1 inches (350 mm by 28 mm). Four-piston, monobloc fixed calipers on all corners do the heavy work on the 911 Coupe, Cabriolet and Targa models, while the 911 GT3, 911 GT3 RS, Carrera GTS, the 911 Turbo, and Turbo S get six-piston monobloc calipers up front. Porsche's engineers increased caliper strength and stiffness by adding crossbars to the piston-bearing side units. Greater Stopping Power Available Driver's desiring even greater stopping performance than Porsche's already well-renowned braking can specify Porsche Ceramic Composite Brakes (PCCB), which are available as an option on 911s and are standard on the 911 Speedster, 911 GT2 RS and 911 Turbo S. Developed for the extreme use in motorsports, PCCB replaces the standard metal brake rotors with 13.78 inch (350 mm) ceramic discs. Besides delivering otherwise unobtainable levels of consistently superb braking performance under repeated heavy use, the ceramic rotors weigh approximately 50 percent less than the iron ones. PCCB reduces the car's unsprung mass by 34.4 pounds (15.6 kg). Reliable Vacuum Assist As with the brake systems on many cars, the 911 Carrera and 911 Targa models have vacuum-assisted braking. However, unlike most, the Porsches do not rely on intakemanifold vacuum for that assist. A mechanical vacuum pump driven by the right-hand cylinder bank's exhaust camshaft ensures a constant and reliable source of braking assist, regardless of ambient air pressure or steady open-throttle driving. No Heavy Spare To help reduce vehicle weight by 22 pounds (10 kg) and to save space, the 911 models have no spare tire, jack, or tire-changing tools. Instead they have a small electric air compressor and tire sealant, allowing the emergency repair of a small puncture. This gives the driver the safe opportunity to drive at speeds up to 50 mph (80 km/h) to have the tire properly replaced. Keeping Up the Pressure To ensure optimum safety, fuel economy and performance, Porsche engineers provide drivers with a safeguard against driving on a damaged or an under inflated tire: Porsches Tire Pressure Control system (TPC). This system uses sensors at each wheel to constantly monitor inflation pressures. The system offers the driver two levels of warning, should it detect a problem.
Suspension Sporty Handling = Active Safety Knowing full well that all vehicles are safest by avoiding an accident in the first place, Porsche's engineers understand that their cars' awesome dynamic abilities are as much of a safety feature as a performance attribute. To ensure both dynamic safety and an exhilarating driving experience, Porsche's engineers have continued to refine and enhance their cars' suspensions. All 911 models sit on a large, secure footprint. Porsche's engineers also specified a lightweight and technologically advanced suspension system and a low center of gravity for optimum agility and driver confidence assuring stability. Porsche's proven front suspension is a McPherson design with spring strut axles with separately mounted longitudinal and track control arms, conical stump springs with an inner damper, and twin-sleeve gas-pressurized dampers. The dampers on 911s with Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) feature active control. In the rear are Porsche's five-arm, spring-strut suspension with longitudinal and track control arms. The rear coil springs have co-axial, single-sleeve gas-pressure inner dampers. As in front, the rear dampers on the S models boast active control. Better Living through PASM As noted, the 911 Carrera S and 911 Carrera 4S Coupes and Cabriolets and the 911 Targa 4S, 911 Turbo, 911 Turbo S, 911 GT3, 911 GT3 RS, Carrera GTS and 911 GT2 RS come standard with Porsches advanced Active Suspension Management (PASM). This system is optional on the 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera 4 Coupes and Cabriolets and the 911 Targa 4. PASM suspension has refined springs and anti-roll bars for even greater comfort. Porsche's engineers were able to accomplish this by fine-tuning the PASM control function, delivering a smoother ride on bad roads in both the Normal and Sport modes with no degradation in handling. This electronically controlled suspension allows the driver to select either a Normal or Sport setting, depending on the driving situation and conditions. Besides allowing the choice of setups, PASM also lowers the car's ride height by about 0.4 inch (10 mm) as compared to the standard steel spring suspension. At the core of PASM are continuously adjustable dampers, a front and rear accelerometer, and a dedicated electronic control unit. The PASM controller receives data about the vertical movements of the car's body, as well as steering angle, vehicle speed, brake pressure, and engine torque.

The control unit then alters oil flow within the dampers to constantly provide the optimum firmness for the conditions and driver's desire. The system's active dampers have a similar structure as standard shock absorbers but incorporate an electronically controlled internal bypass valve that increases or reduces oil flow as needed. More than merely a two-setting suspension, PASM automatically adjusts to the driver's style. If left in Normal mode, PASM will gradually increase the suspension's firmness if the car is driven with greater enthusiasm, generating higher dynamic forces. Rapid and sudden steering movements indicate to the control unit an immediate need to increase damper forces on both axles to reduce swaying or rocking. By monitoring vertical motions of the body, the system can firm the dampers in Normal mode as reaction to a rough road, minimizing rocking. However, in Sport mode, the same motions alert the controller to reduce the damping forces to ensure that the wheels remain in contact with the road and increase ride comfort. When the driver steps on the brakes, PASM firms the dampers to reduce body dive and, as the braking sequence continues, adjusts to softer damping with different forces front and rear to ensure solid tire-to-surface contact even on broken pavement or rough roads and to minimize stopping distance. PASM also controls body squat during full-throttle acceleration. As the driver may briefly lift off from the throttle during gear shifts, PASM instantly adjusts firmness at front and rear axles to compensate for the brief change in loads. In Normal mode, PASM increases damping to prevent excess squat. In Sport mode, the damping is softened to improve traction The Sports Suspension Porsche engineers have also configured a special PASM variant that is intended for serious and skilled enthusiast driver. The new PASM sports suspension gives the car a firm, at the same time lowering the entire vehicle by 0.79 inches (20 mm) compared to the normal PASM suspension. Compared with a passive system, this suspension improves both handling performance and comfort. The active sports suspension is available together with the mechanical limited-slip differential, and either the manual gearbox or PDK.
Stability is Standard Porsche 911 models are equipped with enhanced Porsche Stability Management (PSM) as standard equipment. For the newest models, PSM now adds both Brake Pre-Filling and Brake Assistant, previously reserved for Porsche's all-wheel drive vehicles. PSM is a computerized system that relies on data from an assortment of sensors to help maintain the car's intended path as the driver pushes it to the edges of its dynamic limits. By comparing movement of the individual wheels, vehicle speed and engine speed, PSM can determine that the car may be beginning to slip sideways or that a tire is losing traction and beginning to spin. To rein the car back under the driver's control, PSM applies individual brake force to a slipping wheel. If more drastic measures are required, PSM works with the engine control module to reduce engine power briefly. PSM is programmed to intervene less quickly when the car is moving below 45 mph (70 km/h) to allow the driver more latitude. PSM uses advanced anti-lock brake sensors that take their readings from multipole seats fitted directly on the wheel bearings. These signals allow more precise processing and control than other types. Instead of conventional shaft valves, linear solenoid valves adjust brake pressure with nearly infinite precision. To provide pressure more quickly, an advanced hydraulic pump is used, thus eliminating the need for a pre-charging pump and its connections. Besides helping ensure stability, PSM boasts new functions. Critical among them is Brake PreFilling which can shorten stopping distances in an emergency. Whenever the driver lifts off the gas pedal abruptly, the system instantly pumps brake fluid from the hydraulic PSM control unit to the brake calipers, placing the pads lightly against the rotors before the driver's foot actually hits the brake pedal. The refined PSM also now has Brake Assistant which helps drivers apply full braking force when needed. If the driver hits the brake pedal hard, but not with full force, PSM instructs the hydraulic pump to apply the rest, right up to the ABS threshold. Like all Porsche dynamic safety-enhancement systems, the enhanced PSM does not interfere with a skilled enthusiast's pleasure. If the driver doesn't increase his pressure on the brake pedal past a certain point, the additional pressure built up by the system is reduced. Critically, the pressure booster does not always cut in. And true to Porsche's philosophy that the driver should always be in command of the vehicle, PSM can be switched off by the driver, unlike some other systems.

When deactivated, the enhanced PSM remains off until the driver firmly hits the brake pedal, reaching the ABS threshold on at least one front wheel. This allows the skilled enthusiast driver more dynamic freedom. As with other Porsche performance-enhancing technologies, PSM is non-intrusive, never abruptly wrestling control of the car from the driver. Sport Chrono Package Plus The optional Sport Chrono Package Plus feature is available as an option with either the manual gearbox or PDK transmission. This enhancement package brings specific control maps to the engine management system and Porsche Stability Management (PSM), as well as to Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) and PDK on vehicles so equipped. The engine control maps strongly favor performance over comfort and provide even quicker engine response, not only on deployment but also on release of the throttle. This helps the PDK shift even more aggressively. Stability thresholds allow more lateral slip before the ABS and PSM intervene. On those cars with PASM, that system switches to its firmer setting to provide more agility in cornering. However, in some instances, such as on wet pavement, a softer suspension setting can be advantageous so the driver using Sport Chrono can press the PASM button to return to the normal damper settings. The Sport Chrono package also includes a digital/analog stopwatch and lap-counting function. Variable-Ratio Steering The 911 models come with standard variable-ratio rack-and-pinion steering. This both increases agility and stability at higher speed maneuvers and reduces steering effort at slow speeds. When the steering wheel is turned within 30 degrees of center, the ratio provides a smooth and calm driving experience, even on rough surfaces. However, when the steering wheel angle exceeds 30 degrees, the ratio becomes more direct, reducing lock-to-lock from 2.98 to 2.62 turns. This gives the driver better control both on winding roads and in slow-speed parking maneuvers. In addition to the variable ratio technology, the steering columns tilt and telescope. The wheel can be adjusted by 1.57 inches (40 mm) in height and reach. Incorporated in the steering system is an electric steering wheel lock as part of the cars antitheft immobilizer.
Safe by Design Thanks to the high- and ultra-high-strength steel as well as the sophisticated spot-welding and bonding techniques used during their manufacture, the 911 bodies are torsionally rigid and extremely flex resistant while still being lightweight. Particular attention was paid in designing and engineering the junction of the A-pillars and the roof frame, as well as the safety structure involved in head-on and offset collisions, including the transition between the door and B-pillars. Forces in a collision can be transferred through the door, around the passenger compartment to the rear of the car. A bulkhead crossbar at the front of the car is made from high-strength boron steel and special assembly processes were developed to minimize intrusion or into the foot well in an offset collision. Six Airbags with POSIP Occupants are protected by six airbags in the event of a collision. There are two front-impact airbags; two front seat-mounted, thorax protecting, side-impact airbags; and the two curtainstyle, door-mounted, side-impact airbags that are part of the Porsche Side Impact Protection (POSIP) system. The frontal airbags are full-size, two-stage front units featuring an organic-based propellant. This propellant reduces the stored airbags' size and weight, and aids in their recyclability. The front passenger seat features sensors that accommodate child safety seats. Should the sensors detect a child sitting in that seat, the airbag is deactivated. The POSIP boasts head airbags that deploy upward from their housings in the door windowsills. These airbags provide a flat cushion that inflates to nearly 500 cu.-in. (8 liters) and are designed to help protect the heads of the driver and front-seat passenger from broken glass and objects that might enter through the window in the event of an accident. ###