Pages 09 User Guide

KKApple Inc.
Copyright 2010 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Use of the keyboard Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for printing or clerical errors. Apple 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 www.apple.com
Apple, the Apple logo, Aperture, AppleWorks, Finder, iBooks, iPhoto, iTunes, iWork, Keynote, Mac, Mac OS, Numbers, Pages, QuickTime, Safari, and Spotlight are trademarks of AppleInc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. iPad and iWeb are trademarks of Apple Inc. App Store and MobileMe are service marks of Apple Inc. Adobe and Acrobat are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. 019-1940 11/2010

Contents

Preface:Welcome to Pages 09 Chapter 1:Pages Tools and Techniques
Pages Templates Word Processing Templates Page Layout Templates Document Viewing Aids Zoom Levels Document Page Views Layout View Formatting Characters (Invisibles) The Toolbar The Format Bar The Inspector Window The Media Browser The Fonts Window The Colors Window Rulers and Alignment Guides The Styles Drawer Scroll Bars, Scroll Arrows, and Thumbnails Research and Reference Tools Keyboard Shortcuts and Shortcut Menus The Warnings Window
Chapter 2:Creating, Opening, and Saving a Document
Creating a New Document Opening an Existing Document Opening a Document from Another Application Viewing and Editing Your Document in Full-Screen Mode Password-Protecting Your Document Saving Your Document Undoing Changes Saving a Document as a Template
Saving a Copy of a Document Automatically Saving a Backup Version of a Document Saving a Document in Outline Mode Closing a Document Without Quitting Pages Viewing Document Information
Chapter 3:Working with Document Parts
Managing Document Settings Selecting Page Orientation and Size Setting Document Margins Using Page and Line Breaks Inserting a Page Break Starting Paragraphs on a New Page Keeping Paragraphs Together on a Page Keeping an Entire Paragraph on the Same Page Inserting a Manual Line Break Preventing Widow and Orphan Lines Using Layouts Defining Columns Defining Column Breaks Defining Layout Breaks Defining Layout Margins Using Left- and Right-Facing Pages Defining Margins for Facing Pages Defining Headers and Footers for Facing Pages Viewing Facing Pages Using Headers and Footers Adding and Editing Footnotes and Endnotes Adding a Footnote Adding an Endnote at the End of a Document Adding an Endnote at the End of a Section Deleting Footnotes and Endnotes Converting Footnotes to Endnotes and Vice Versa Formatting Footnotes and Endnotes Jumping Between a Mark and Its Related Footnote or Endnote Numbering Footnotes and Endnotes Defining Marks for Numbering Footnotes and Endnotes Changing Marks for Numbering Footnotes and Endnotes Restarting Footnote and Section Endnote Numbering Creating Sections Viewing Thumbnails Adding and Deleting Sections Reorganizing Sections

Changing Headers and Footers in a Section Restarting Page Numbering in a Section Setting Up a Unique Format for a Sections First Page Formatting Facing Pages in a Section Reusing Sections Using Master Objects (Repeated Background Images) Using a Table of Contents Creating and Updating a Table of Contents Styling a Table of Contents Adding Citations and Bibliographies Using EndNote
Chapter 4:Reviewing and Revising Documents
Tracking Changes in Your Document A Tour of Tracking Changes in a Document Controlling Tracked Changes Viewing Tracked Changes Tracking Changes in Table Cells Accepting and Rejecting Changes Saving with Tracked Changes Off Using Comments
Chapter 5:Working with Text
Understanding Text Using Placeholder Text Adding New Template Pages Deleting Pages Selecting Text Deleting, Copying, and Pasting Text Formatting Text Size and Appearance Making Text Bold, Italic, or Underlined Adding Shadow and Strikethrough to Text Creating Outlined Text Changing Text Size Making Text Subscript or Superscript Changing Text Capitalization Changing Fonts Adjusting Font Smoothing Adding Accent Marks Viewing Keyboard Layouts for Other Languages Typing Special Characters and Symbols Using Smart Quotes Using Advanced Typography Features Setting Text Alignment, Spacing, and Color
Aligning Text Horizontally Aligning Text Vertically Setting the Spacing Between Lines of Text Setting the Spacing Before or After a Paragraph Adjusting the Spacing Between Characters Changing Text Color Setting Tab Stops to Align Text Setting a New Tab Stop Changing a Tab Stop Deleting a Tab Stop Setting the Default Distance Between Tabs Changing Ruler Settings Setting Indents Setting Indents for Paragraphs Changing the Inset Margin of Text in Objects Creating an Outline Creating Lists Formatting Bulleted Lists Formatting Numbered Lists Formatting Ordered Lists Using Text Boxes, Shapes, and Other Effects to Highlight Text Adding a Floating Text Box Adding an Inline Text Box Linking Floating Text Boxes Setting Character and Paragraph Fill Colors Adding Borders and Rules Presenting Text in Columns Putting Text Inside a Shape Using Hyperlinks and Bookmarks Linking to a Webpage Linking to a Preaddressed Email Message Linking to Other Pages in a Document Linking to Another Pages Document Editing Hyperlink Text Wrapping Text Around an Inline or Floating Object Adjusting Text Around an Inline or Floating Object Adding Page Numbers and Other Changeable Values Using Automatic Hyphenation Automatically Substituting Text Inserting a Nonbreaking Space Checking for Misspelled Words Working with Spelling Suggestions Proofreading Documents
118 Finding and Replacing Text 119 Searching for All Occurrences of Words and Phrases 153
Chapter 6:Working with Styles

182 Working with Rows and Columns in Tables 182 Adding Rows to a Table 183 Adding Columns to a Table 184 Deleting Table Rows and Columns 184 Adding Table Header Rows or Header Columns 185 Adding Table Footer Rows 186 Resizing Table Rows and Columns 186 Alternating Table Row Colors 187 Sorting Rows in a Table 211
Chapter 9:Working with Table Cells
Putting Content into Table Cells Adding and Editing Table Cell Values Working with Text in Table Cells Working with Numbers in Table Cells Autofilling Table Cells Displaying Content Too Large for Its Table Cell Using Conditional Formatting to Monitor Table Cell Values Defining Conditional Formatting Rules Changing and Managing Your Conditional Formatting Adding Images or Color to Table Cells Merging Table Cells Splitting Table Cells Formatting Table Cell Borders Copying and Moving Cells Adding Comments to Table Cells Formatting Table Cell Values for Display Using the Automatic Format in Table Cells Using the Number Format in Table Cells Using the Currency Format in Table Cells Using the Percentage Format in Table Cells Using the Date and Time Format in Table Cells Using the Duration Format in Table Cells Using the Fraction Format in Table Cells Using the Numeral System Format in Table Cells Using the Scientific Format in Table Cells Using the Text Format in Table Cells Using Your Own Formats for Displaying Values in Table Cells Creating a Custom Number Format Defining the Integers Element of a Custom Number Format Defining the Decimals Element of a Custom Number Format Defining the Scale of a Custom Number Format Associating Conditions with a Custom Number Format
Creating a Custom Date/Time Format Creating a Custom Text Format Changing a Custom Cell Format Reordering, Renaming, and Deleting Custom Cell Formats
Chapter 10:Creating Charts from Data
About Charts Adding a New Chart and Entering Your Data Changing a Chart from One Type to Another Editing Data in an Existing Chart Updating a Chart Copied from a Numbers Document Formatting Charts Placing and Formatting a Charts Title and Legend Formatting the Text of Chart Titles, Labels, and Legends Resizing or Rotating a Chart Formatting Chart Axes Formatting the Elements in a Charts Data Series Showing Error Bars in Charts Showing Trendlines in Charts Formatting Specific Chart Types Customizing the Look of Pie Charts Changing Pie Chart Colors and Textures Showing Labels in a Pie Chart Separating Individual Wedges from a Pie Chart Adding Shadows to Pie Charts and Wedges Rotating 2D Pie Charts Setting Shadows, Spacing, and Series Names on Bar and Column Charts Customizing Data Point Symbols and Lines in Line Charts Showing Data Point Symbols in Area Charts Using Scatter Charts Customizing 2-Axis and Mixed Charts Adjusting Scene Settings for 3D Charts

Preface

Welcome to Pages 09
Onscreen help Onscreen help contains detailed instructions for completing all Pages tasks. To open help, open Pages and choose Help > Pages Help. The first page of help also provides access to useful websites. iWork website Read the latest news and information about iWork at www.apple.com/iwork. Support website Find detailed information about solving problems at www.apple.com/support/pages. Help tags Pages provides help tagsbrief text descriptionsfor most onscreen items. To see a help tag, hold the pointer over an item for a few seconds.
PrefaceWelcome to Pages 09
Pages Tools and Techniques
This chapter introduces you to the windows and tools youll use in Pages.
When you create a Pages document, you first select a template to start from.

Pages Templates

When you first open the Pages application (by clicking its icon in the Dock or by double-clicking its icon in the Finder), the Template Chooser window presents a variety of document types from which to choose.
Pick a Word Processing or Page Layout template that best fits your purpose and design goals. To learn more about the distinguishing features of Word Processing and Page Layout templates, see Word Processing Templateson page17 or Page Layout Templateson page17. After selecting a template, click Choose to work with a new document based on the selected template. The new document contains placeholder text, placeholder images, and other items, which represent elements of the finished document:
Merge fields let you personalize documents with Address Book and Numbers document data.
Media placeholders indicate the size and placement of graphics in a document template.
Placeholder text indicates where you can type new text and how your text will look on the page.
The Page View control lets you change a documents onscreen appearance.
The navigation controls lets you go to a specific page or scroll through the document by selection, page, element, or style.
Placeholder text shows you how your text will look on the page. If you click
placeholder text, the entire text area is selected. When you begin typing, the placeholder text disappears and is replaced by what you type. To learn more, see Using Placeholder Texton page75.
Media placeholders can hold images, audio files, and movies. Drag your own images,
audio files, or movies to the placeholder. Media placeholders automatically size and position the image or movie. You can drag media files anywhere in a document (not only to a media placeholder). To learn more, see Replacing Template Images with Your Own Imageson page137.
Chapter 1Pages Tools and Techniques
Many templates also contain merge fields. Merge fields let you easily insert names,
phone numbers, addresses (any data youve defined for contacts in Address Book or a Numbers document) into Pages documents. This capability lets you reuse a document, such as a letter or contract, for multiple people by inserting personspecific data into merge fields in the document. To learn more, see What Are Merge Fields?on page243.

Using Smart Quotes

Smart quotes are opening and closing quotation marks that are curly; the opening quotation marks are different from the closing marks. When you dont use smart quotes, the marks are straight and the opening and closing marks dont differ.
Smart Quotes Straight Quotes
To use smart quotes: mm Choose Pages > Preferences, click Auto-Correction, and then select Use smart quotes.
Using Advanced Typography Features
Some fonts, such as Zapfino and Hoefler, have advanced typography features, which let you create different effects. If you are using a font in a text box that has different typography effects available, you can change many of the effects in the Font submenu of the Format menu. For example, you may be able to adjust the following: Tracking:Place characters closer together or farther apart. Ligature:Use or leave out stylish flourishes between letters or at the end or beginning of lines that combine two or more text characters into one glyph.
Ligature not used Ligature used
In the Ligature submenu, choose Use Default to use ligature settings specified in the Typography window for the font youre using. Choose Use None to turn off ligatures for selected text, or choose Use All to turn on additional ligatures for the selected text. Advanced typography features are available in the Typography window. To open the Typography window: 1 Click Fonts in the toolbar. 2 In the Fonts window, choose Typography from the Action pop-up menu (in the lowerleft corner). To enable ligatures for an entire document, Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Document button, click Document, and then select Use ligatures. To turn off ligatures for a specific paragraph, click in the paragraph, open the Text inspector, click More, and then select Remove ligatures.
Setting Text Alignment, Spacing, and Color
The primary tools for adjusting text attributes are the format bar and the Text inspector. You can make some horizontal alignment adjustments (such as centering text or aligning it on the left) by using the Format menu. Color and alignment controls are also available on the format bar when text is selected. When text in a text box, comment, or shape is selected, you can set the color of text and its background, align text, and set line spacing.

A blue square on the left indicates there are no text boxes linked before this one. Click the blue square on the right to link to another text box or create a new linked text box. A clipping indicator shows the text extends beyond the text box.
mm To link to another text box or create a linked text box, click the blue square on the right side of the text box, and click another text box or click somewhere on the page (or choose Format > Text Box > Add Linked Text Box). To cancel linking, press Escape. The new text box has a solid blue square on its left side. This indicates that this text box is linked to a previous one.
A solid blue square on the right indicates this text box is linked before another one. A solid blue square on the left indicates this text box is linked to a previous one.
A blue square indicates this text box is the last in this series.
mm To link selected text boxes, Command-click to select the text boxes you want to link, and then choose Format > Text Box > Link Selected Text Boxes. The text boxes are linked in the order in which you selected them. mm To break the connection between linked text boxes, choose Format > Text Box > Break Connection into Text Box, or choose Format > Text Box > Break Connection out of Text Box.
mm To hide connection lines between text boxes, choose Format > Text Box > Hide Connection Lines. To display connection lines between text boxes, choose Format > Text Box > Show Connection Lines. mm To reposition the text boxes, select and drag them. The flow of the text inside the boxes always follows the order in which the boxes were created, regardless of where you position them in the document. mm To copy and paste linked text boxes, select all of them, choose Edit > Copy, and choose Edit > Paste without deselecting the original text boxes. The copy is pasted directly over the original text boxes and is selected. Drag the selected copy to its new location. If you copy and paste a single linked box, you will create a single unlinked text box, identical to the one you copied. If a single table flows through linked text boxes, you must copy or duplicate the first text box in which the table appears in order to copy the table as well. mm To select only the text in all the linked text boxes, select text in the first box, and then press Command-A.
Setting Character and Paragraph Fill Colors
For some designs, you may want to highlight text by placing a fill color behind the text. When you place a character or paragraph fill color behind text, the color extends between the layout margins and moves with the text. Use the format bar controls to quickly add character or paragraph fill color to text. Select the text, and then click the Text or Background color well in the format bar. Here are ways to place a character or paragraph fill color behind text: mm To use the Text inspector to add character or paragraph fill color, select the text, click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Text button, and then click More. Select the Character or Paragraph checkbox below Background Fills, and then click the Fill color well and select a color in the Colors window.

Inserting a Nonbreaking Space
You can insert a nonbreaking space between words to make sure that the words always appear in the same line of text. To insert a nonbreaking space: mm Press the Space bar while holding down the Option key.
Checking for Misspelled Words
You can set the spell checker to flag spelling errors as you type, or you can check your entire document or selected text at any time. Misspelled words appear with a red dashed line below them. Here are ways to find misspelled words: mm To check spelling as you type, choose Edit > Spelling > Check Spelling as You Type. To turn off spell checking as you type, click Edit > Spelling > Check Spelling as You Type to deselect it (make sure the checkmark is not visible next to the command). mm To check spelling from the insertion point to the end of the document, click to place the insertion point and choose Edit > Spelling > Check Spelling. To limit spell checking to a specific part of the document, select the text you want to check before choosing the command. The first misspelled word found is highlighted. You can correct it or choose the same command again to continue checking the document. To go through the text more quickly, press Command-semicolon (;) to continue checking the document. mm To check spelling and view suggestions for misspelled words, choose Edit > Spelling > Spelling. The Spelling window opens, and you can use it as Working with Spelling Suggestionson page115 describes. To automatically accept the spelling suggestions, choose Pages>Preferences, click Auto-Correction, and then select Automatically use spell checker suggestions.
Working with Spelling Suggestions
To work with spelling suggestions: 1 Choose Edit > Spelling > Spelling.
Use the Spelling window to work with alternative spellings.
The Spelling window opens and the first misspelled word is highlighted. Each language has a different spelling dictionary. To make sure that the correct language is selected, select the text you want to work with, click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Text button, and then click More. Choose a language from the Language pop-up menu. 2 To replace the incorrect spelling in the text, double-click the correct word or spelling in the list of suggested corrections. 3 If the correct word doesnt appear in the list of suggested corrections but you know the correct spelling, select the misspelled word in the Spelling window, type the correct word, and click Correct. 4 If the current spelling is correct and you want to leave it as it is, click Ignore or Learn. Use Learn if the term is one you use often and you want to add the term to the spelling dictionary. If you used Learn and want to undo the effect of the Learn operation, do one of the following: On Mac OS X version 10.4, type the word into the text field below the list of suggested corrections, and then click Forget. On Mac OS X version 10.5, Control-click the word and choose Unlearn Spelling from the pop-up menu. 5 If no alternative spellings appear in the list of suggested corrections on Mac OS X version 10.4, select the misspelled word in the Spelling window and try a different spelling. Click Guess to see whether new possibilities appear in the list of suggested corrections. 6 Click Find Next and repeat steps 2 through 5 until you find no more spelling errors. You can also hold down the Control key and click a misspelled word. From the pop-up menu you can choose an optional alternative spelling, click Learn, or click Ignore.

Deleting Objects

To delete objects: mm Select the object(s) and press the Delete key. If you accidentally delete an object, choose Edit > Undo Delete.
Moving and Positioning Objects
The way you move an object depends on whether its a floating or inline object. Objects can be grouped together, making it easier to manipulate sets of objects, and locked into position to prevent them from being moved while you work. In addition, objects can be layered (overlapped) to create the effect of depth.
Avoid dragging a floating or inline object by its selection handles because you may inadvertently resize it. Here are ways to manipulate objects directly: mm To move a floating object, click the object to select it (the selection handles appear), and then drag it to a new location. mm To move an inline object, click the object to select it, and then drag it until the insertion point appears where you want the object in the text. You can also select the inline object and choose Edit > Cut. Place the insertion point where you want the inline object to appear, and then choose Edit > Paste. mm To constrain the objects motion to horizontal, vertical, or a 45-degree angle, start dragging the object while holding down the Shift key. mm To move the object in small increments, press one of the arrow keys, causing the object to move a point at a time. To move the object ten points at a time, hold down the Shift key while pressing an arrow key. mm To show the position of the object when you move it, choose Pages> Preferences, and then select Show size and position when moving objects in the General pane. mm To move text or an object inside another object, select the object and choose Edit > Cut. Place the insertion point where you want the object to appear, and then choose Edit > Paste.
To learn how to Change the order of overlapping objects Add, edit, and reposition background objects Align objects Use alignment guides to align objects Create your own alignment guides that remain visible as you work Place objects precisely by using x and y coordinates Set objects to remain together when you move, copy, or paste them Join two objects with a line Lock objects in place so you dont inadvertently move them Go to Moving an Object Forward or Backward (Layering Objects)on page156 Moving an Object to the Backgroundon page157 Quickly Aligning Objects Relative to One Anotheron page157 Using Alignment Guideson page158 Creating Your Own Alignment Guideson page159 Positioning Floating Objects by x and y Coordinateson page159 Grouping and Ungrouping Floating Objectson page160 Connecting Floating Objects with an Adjustable Lineon page160 Locking and Unlocking Floating Objectson page161

Text color well:Click it to select a color to apply to cell values. Font style buttons:Click B to show cell values in boldface, click I to show them in italics, click U to underline cell values, or click T to apply the strikethrough style. Fill color well:Click it to select a cell fill color. As you click, the Sample box displays the effect of your selections. When youre satisfied with the effect, click Done. 6 To add another rule, click the Add button (+) and repeat steps 3 through 5. If more than one rule is defined for a cell, and the cells value satisfies the conditions of multiple rules:
The text color applied is the color associated with the topmost rule with a text color

specified.

The font style applied is the font style associated with the topmost rule that has a

font style specified.

The fill color applied is the fill color associated with the topmost rule that has a fill
color specified. After the text color you specify has been applied to a cell value, if you type new text into the cell after placing an insertion point and changing the text color in the format bar or the Text inspector, the new text appears in the new text color, but the existing text retains the color you set in the rule.
Changing and Managing Your Conditional Formatting
Here are techniques you can use: mm To find all the cells in a table that have the same conditional formatting rules as a particular cell, select the cell, click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Table button, click Show rules in the Format pane, and then click Select All with this Format. Cells with matching rules are selected in the table. mm To remove all conditional formatting associated with cells in a table, select the cells, click Show rules in the Format pane of the Table inspector, and then click Clear All Rules. mm To apply the same conditional formatting rules to cells in different tables, select a cell whose rules you want to reuse, choose Edit > Copy, select one or more cells in a different table, and then choose Edit > Paste. mm To add or remove a conditional formatting rule, click the Add (+) or Delete () button in the Conditional Format window. mm To change a rule, redefine its pop-up menu options, test values, or formatting. Here are some techniques for working with test values that are specified as cell references: To delete a test value thats a cell reference, click in the test value field and press Delete. To replace a cell reference with a different one, click in the test value field and click a different cell in the same table or a different table. To replace a textual test value with a cell reference, click in the test value field, click the small blue circle, and then click a table cell.

mm To display zeros or spaces in front of the integer when it has fewer than a particular number of digits, choose Show Zeros for Unused Digits or Use Spaces for Unused Digits. Then increase or decrease the number of zeros or hyphens displayed in the format field; choose Add Digit, Remove Digit, or Number of Digits from the pop-up menu, or use the Up Arrow or Down Arrow key to set the number of digits.
When you choose Show Separator Hide Separator Show Zeros for Unused Digits and set Number of Digits to 6 This number 100 Is displayed like this 10,000,000100
Defining the Decimals Element of a Custom Number Format The Decimals element lets you customize the appearance of decimal digits in a table cell. Decimal digits are numbers that appear to the right of a decimal point. After adding a Decimals element to a custom number format, you select it, click its disclosure triangle, and then use the items in its pop-up menu to customize the elements display attributes.
See Creating a Custom Number Formaton page205 to learn how to add a Decimals element. Here are ways to use the Decimal elements pop-up menu: mm To display decimal digits as numbers, choose Decimals. To represent unused decimal digits when their number is fewer than a particular number of digits, choose Show Trailing Zeros or Use Spaces for Trailing Zeros. Then increase or decrease the number of zeros or hyphens displayed in the format field; choose Add Digit, Remove Digit, or Number of Digits from the pop-up menu, or use the Up Arrow or Down Arrow key to set the number of digits.
If more decimal digits than the number you specify are entered into a table cell, theyre rounded to match your number of digits. mm To display decimal digits as a fraction, choose Fractions. To specify a fractional unit (for example, Quarters), click the elements disclosure triangle again and choose an item from the pop-up menu. mm To avoid displaying decimal digits when theyre entered into a table cell, dont add the Decimals element to the format field. Displayed values are rounded to the nearest integer when decimal values are entered into a cell.
When you choose Decimals and Show Trailing Zeros, and then set Number of Digits to 6 Fractions, and then choose Up to two digits (23/24) option This number 100.975 Is displayed like this 100.975000

Editing Data in an Existing Chart
To edit the data in an existing chart, you must first open the Chart Data Editor and then enter your new data. As you edit the data, the chart is immediately updated to reflect the new data. To open the Chart Data Editor and edit the data: 1 Select the chart. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Chart button, and then click Edit Data. You can also choose Format > Chart > Show Data Editor. 3 To learn about editing the data in the Chart Data Editor, including switching the data series to use rows or columns, see steps 2 and 3 of Adding a New Chart and Entering Your Dataon page222.
Updating a Chart Copied from a Numbers Document
If youve created a chart in Numbers, you can copy it and paste it into your Pages document. After its been pasted into Pages, the chart remains linked to the data tables it references in Numbers. To change the chart data, open the original Numbers document and edit the data there, save the Numbers document, and then refresh the chart data in Pages.
To update a chart after youve updated its linked Numbers table: mm Select the chart on the page and click the Refresh button that appears. Note:You must save the Numbers document before copying and pasting your chart into your Pages document and after editing the Numbers data tables that the chart references. To unlink the chart from its Numbers table: mm Select the chart on the page and click Unlink. After unlinking the chart, it behaves as any chart created in Pages, and must be updated using the Chart Data Editor Clicking the Source link next to the Refresh button opens the Numbers document that the chart is linked to. (If the Source link is hidden, expand the Refresh button control panel by dragging its handle outward.)

Formatting Charts

Every chart you create has an associated title, chart legend, and labels that you can choose to show or hide in your document or change their look and placement on the page. You can also change the chart colors and textures, the axis scales and tick marks, and the data point labels within the chart. You can rotate 2D charts and adjust the angle and lighting style used in 3D charts. Many of the instructions given here provide details for performing tasks using the Chart inspector. But many of these task steps can also be performed using the format bar. The options in the format bar change, depending on what item you have selected on the page, always providing you with appropriate formatting options.

Using Scatter Charts

Scatter charts display data differently from the other kinds of charts. They require at least two columns or rows of data to plot values for a single data series. To show multiple data series, you use additional two-column (or two-row) pairs. Each pair of values determines the position of one data point. The first data value in the pair is the x-axis of the point. The second data value is the y-axis of the point. If youve already created a chart with data points that dont occur in pairs, and then you change your chart to a scatter chart, Pages may not plot the data as you expect. Depending on how the data is arranged in the table, it may not be possible to create any plot at all. Make sure you have entered x and y point values for each data series you want to plot before choosing to create a scatter chart. Before you can change the look of data point symbols or lines, you must select a symbol or line of interest, and then open the Chart inspector. (See The Inspector Windowon page23 to learn about opening the Inspector.) To change the look of selected data point symbols and lines, do any of the following: mm Choose an item from the Data Symbol pop-up menu, and then adjust the symbols size by entering a value or using the stepper in the adjacent field. mm To connect the points of the selected series with a straight or curved line, choose an item from the Connect Points pop-up menu. mm To change the color of the data points or lines in your chart, select a data point or line that you want to change, and then click the Graphic inspector. (Note that you can change the colors separately for the data points, line, and trend line, even though they represent the same data series.) In the Graphic inspector, click the Stroke color well, and then select a color from the Colors window.
mm To change the style and thickness of any line in your chart, select it and then choose a line style in the Stroke pop-up menu. Enter a value or use the stepper in the adjacent field to adjust the line thickness. To learn about showing a trend line for the selected series, see Showing Trendlines in Chartson page233. In scatter charts, you can display error bars for both x and y axis measurements. To understand more about showing error bars, see Showing Error Bars in Chartson page232. To learn about other formatting options, see Formatting Chartson page225.

To prepare an existing Pages document for export to ePub format: Documents exported to the ePub format automatically appear with page breaks before every chapter. A table of contents is automatically generated, which allows readers to jump quickly to any chapter title, heading, or subheading in the book. In order to create a meaningful table of contents, its important to apply appropriate styles within your document. The ePub reader uses the paragraph styles to determine which items should appear in the table of contents for your book. Note:The Pages document must have been created using a word-processing template. 1 Review your document to be certain that appropriate paragraph styles are applied to all chapter titles, headings, and subheadings in your document. If you want additional items to appear in the table of contents generated by the ePub file, make sure they are also styled with the correct paragraph style. Then open the Document inspector and click TOC. Select all of the paragraph styles that you want to appear in the TOC, and then click Update. For more information about creating a table of contents, see Creating and Updating a Table of Contentson page61. 2 Generate a table of contents in the current document, to verify that it lists only what you expect it to (for example, chapter titles, headings, and subheadings). Correct any errors by selecting or deselecting paragraph styles in the TOC view of the Document inspector (as described, above). 3 Reformat any images, shapes, or other objects in your document to make them inline objects. To learn about inline objects, see What Are Floating and Inline Objects?. To export your document to ePub format: If you have tracked changes in the document you want to export, accept or reject any changes and stop tracking changes before you export. Tracked changes are automatically accepted if no specific action is taken. (See Accepting and Rejecting Changes.) 1 Choose Share > Export. 2 Select ePub from the options shown across the top of the Export window. 3 Fill out the following fields: Title:Type the name of the book. Author:Type the authors name. Genre:Select a genre for the book from the pop-up menu, or type a new genre into the Genre field.
4 Select the checkbox Use first page as book cover image if you want to use a thumbnail image of the documents first page as the icon for this book in your iBooks library, and start the books content from the documents second page. The cover image is also visible opposite the books table of contents. If you leave this checkbox deselected, the book uses the generic icon in your iBooks library. You wont be able to open the ePub file in Pages. The file can only be opened as a book in an ePub reader. In iBooks, the book font is set to the font you choose from within the iBooks application. All the text sizes in the book are displayed only as small, medium, or large, and you can select which size from within iBooks. Colors in the book may not be identical to those in its Pages counterpart.

To delete a layout break, click at the beginning of the line that follows the break and press the Delete key.

Defining Layout Margins

In a word processing document, a layout margin is the space around columns in a layout. To change the layout margin in a word processing document: 1 Click in a column. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Layout Inspector button, and then click Layout. 3 To change the outside margins of the column(s), enter values in the Left and Right fields under Layout Margins. 4 To specify the amount of space above and below the column(s), enter values in the Before and After fields under Layout Margins. The new margins cant extend outside the page margins set for the document in the Document Inspector.
Using Left- and Right-Facing Pages
If you intend to print a document double-sided and bind it, the document will have left- and right-facing pages. The left and right pages of these documents usually have different inside and outside margins. For example, you may want the inside margins of a document that will be bound to be wider than the outside margins. If your document contains sections, such as chapters, you can use different headers or footers for left and right pages when you want to place page numbers on the outer corners of each page.
Defining Margins for Facing Pages
Use the Document Inspector to set up different margins for left and right pages. To create different margins for left- and right-facing pages: 1 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Document Inspector button, and then click Document. 2 Select Facing Pages.
Select to set the margins for left- and right-facing pages independently. Specify a value for the margin that will go into the binding.
Specify a value for the margin on the outside edges of the pages.
3 Set inside and outside margins. The inside margin is the side of left or right pages that goes into the binding. The outside margin is the side that is on the outside edge of left or right pages.
Defining Headers and Footers for Facing Pages
In word processing documents, if your document uses sections, you can set up different headers and footers for left and right pages, such as when you want the page number to appear on the outer edge of the footers. See Using Sections on page 53 for information about defining sections. To set up headers and footers for facing pages in a section: 1 Click inside the section. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Layout Inspector, and then click Section. 3 Select Left and right pages are different. 4 Deselect Use previous headers & footers. 5 On a left page in the section, define the header and footer you want to use for all left pages in the section. See Using Headers and Footers on page 49 for instructions. 6 On a right page in the section, define the header and footer you want to use for all right pages in the section. 7 If you want the first page of the section to have a unique header or footer, select First page is different and define the header and footer on the first page of the section.

When you type, the placeholder text disappears and is replaced by whatever text you are typing. The text you type behaves like regular text. Placeholders in Text Boxes Some placeholder text is contained in text boxes to preserve formatting. When you click placeholder text thats in a text box, a rectangular, gray border appears around it when layout view is turned on. To turn layout view on, Click View in the toolbar and choose Show Layout.
To select the placeholder text inside a text box: m Click once to select the text box, and then click to select the text inside the box. Text box placeholder text is part of the templates default design. To preserve the design, be careful not to press Delete after you select the text box or youll remove the text box from the page. If you accidentally delete a text box, press Command-Z (the shortcut for undo).
Chapter 5 Working with Text
Placeholders in Tables Some tables contain placeholder text. When you select text thats inside a table cell, a highlighted rectangle appears around it.
Individual table cell selected for editing.
To select the placeholder text inside a table: m Click once to select the table, and then double-click to select an individual cell and its placeholder text. The text inside the cell is selected for editing when you select the individual cell. You can tell its placeholder text if it is highlighted; otherwise, its regular text. Table placeholder text is part of the templates default design. To preserve the design, be careful not to press Delete after you select the table or youll remove it from the page. If you accidentally delete a table, press Command-Z. You can also add text to table cells that dont contain placeholder text. See Working with Content in Table Cells on page 175 for instructions. Placeholders in Columns Occasionally, templates may contain placeholder text formatted in columns. It may be easier to work with text columns if the document layout is visible. To show the document layout, click View in the toolbar and choose Show Layout. To select the placeholder text inside a column: m Click the placeholder text in the column.
Adding New Template Pages
Each page of a Pages template has a unique design. You can choose to use the page designs shown when the document first opens. Or, if the page designs dont meet your needs, you can choose from additional pages designed to fit the template. Adding new template pages lets you quickly add pages that already contain text, images, tables, charts, or other formatting options you want to use. To add a new template page: 1 Click in the section you want the new page to follow. A section is a group of one or more pages that have the same layout, numbering, and other document attributes. A chapter is an example of a section.

Formatting a Text Box or Shape
You can change the amount of space between text and the inside border of a text box, shape, or table cell. See Changing the Inset Margin of Text in Objects on page 95 for instructions. Use the Wrap Inspector to set how you want the text on the page to wrap around a text box or shape. For more information about wrapping text around an object, see Wrapping Text Around an Object on page 110. Use the Format Bar and Graphic Inspector to format borders, shadows, opacity, color fill, and more for text boxes or shapes. For more information about setting object properties, see Modifying Objects on page 141 and Filling Objects on page 147. You can create columns in a text box or rectangle by selecting the text box or rectangle and choosing the number of columns you want, just as you would add columns to the document body. For more information about creating and formatting columns, see Using Layouts on page 44.
You can also place shapes, images, and charts inside text boxes and shapes, and you can add tables inside text boxes. Objects added inside text boxes and shapes can only be added as inline objects. To read about adding inline objects, see Using Floating and Inline Objects on page 134.
Using Hyperlinks and Bookmarks
Hyperlinks and bookmarks are used in documents that will be viewed onscreen, either as HTML files or as Pages documents. You can add hyperlinks to jump to another page or to open an email message or a webpage on the Internet. Use bookmarks to mark passages in the document that you want to refer to as you work.
Use this type of hyperlink Webpage Email Message Bookmark To go to A page in a web browser A new mail message with the specified subject and addressee Another page in the same document Notes Provide the URL of the page you want to open. Type the address of the email recipient and a subject line. Navigate quickly through the document as you work.

Linking to a Webpage

You can add a hyperlink that opens a webpage in your default web browser. To add hypertext that opens a webpage: 1 Select the text that you want to turn into a hyperlink. If you use text that starts with www or http, the text automatically becomes a hyperlink. To turn off this feature, choose Pages > Preferences, click Auto-Correction, and deselect Automatically detect email and web addresses. This setting is computerspecific, so if the document is opened on a computer with a different setting, that computers setting is used instead. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Link Inspector button, click Hyperlink, and then select Enable as a hyperlink. 3 Choose Webpage from the Link To pop-up menu.

4 Type the webpages address in the URL field.
The Link Inspector button
Type the URL that you want to link to. Select to disable all hyperlinks so that you can easily edit them.
Linking to a Preaddressed Email Message
You can add a hyperlink that you can click to create a preaddressed email message in your default mail application. To add hypertext that links to an email message: 1 Select the text that you want to turn into a hyperlink. If you include an email address in a document, the text automatically becomes a hyperlink. To turn off this feature, choose Pages > Preferences, click Auto-Correction, and then deselect Automatically detect email and web addresses. This setting is computer-specific, so if the document is opened on a computer with a different setting, that computers setting is used instead. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Link Inspector button, click Hyperlink, and then select Enable as a hyperlink. 3 Choose Email Message from the Link To pop-up menu. 4 Type the email address of the intended recipient in the To field. 5 Optionally type a subject line in the Subject field.
Type the email address of the message recipient. Type the message subject.
Linking to Pages in a Document
To make accessing specific pages in a document fast, you can add bookmarks and click a bookmark in the Link Inspector to go to the bookmarked page. You can also add hypertext that links to the bookmarked page. Here are ways to use bookmarks in your document: m To create a bookmark, select the text you want to turn into a bookmark. Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Link Inspector button, click Bookmark, and then click Add (+).
Click Name or Page to sort the bookmark list. Click a bookmark to jump to it in the document; doubleclick it to edit its name. Click Add or Delete to add new bookmarks or delete a bookmark selected in the list.
m To jump to the bookmark in the document, click a bookmark in the list. m To change a bookmarks name, double-click the bookmark in the list and make the change. m To sort bookmarks by name or page number, click the Name or Page column header. m To add new bookmarks, click the Add (+) button. m To delete a bookmark, select the bookmark in the list and click the Delete () button. m To add a hyperlink that links to a bookmark, select the text you want to turn into the hyperlink, click Hyperlink in the Link Inspector, select the Enable as a hyperlink checkbox, choose Bookmark from the Link To pop-up menu, and then choose the bookmark name.

Wrapping Text Around an Inline Object
Use the Wrap Inspector to wrap text around an inline object. Here are ways to wrap text around an inline object: m To wrap text using the Format Bar, select the object, and choose a text wrap option from the Wrap pop-up menu in the Format Bar. m To wrap text using the Wrap Inspector, select the object, click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Wrap Inspector button, and then select Object causes wrap. Hover the pointer over the text wrap buttons to display a summary of the different text wrap options. Click the text wrap button that shows the way you want text to wrap around an object.
Center object, and wrap text around both sides. Align object to the left, and wrap text around the right. Object is aligned left between lines of text. Object is aligned right between lines of text. Object is centered between lines of text. Align object to the right, and wrap text around the left.
Adjusting Text Around an Inline or Floating Object
Use the Wrap Inspector to adjust text around an inline or floating object. Here are ways to adjust text around an inline or floating object: m To make the text wrap more tightly around an object with an alpha channel, click the right Text Fit button. To make the text wrap more loosely, click the left Text Fit button.
m To specify the minimum space you want to leave between the object and the surrounding text, enter a value in the Extra Space field. m To set the alpha-channel percentage at which you want the text to appear through the transparency, see Removing the Background or Unwanted Elements from an Image on page 161.
Text wraps around the rectangular bounds of an object. Text wraps around an object with an alpha channel more tightly.
Inserting Page Numbers and Other Changeable Values
You can insert such values as page numbers, page count, and date and time in a document by using formatted text fields, which are automatically updated by Pages when they change. Although values such as these are common in headers and footers (see Using Headers and Footers on page 49), you can insert formatted text fields anywhere in your document. Here are ways to insert formatted text fields: m To add page numbers, place the insertion point where you want the page number to appear, and then choose Insert > Page Number. To change the page number format, Control-click a page number and choose a new number format. m To add the total page count, place the insertion point where you want the page count to appear, and then choose Insert > Page Count. To include the total page count with each page number, such as 2 of 10, add a page number, type of, and then choose Insert > Page Count. To change the page count format, Control-click a page count and choose a new number format. m To add and format the date and/or time, place the insertion point where you want the value to appear, and then choose Insert > Date & Time. To change the date and time format, Control-click the date and time value, choose Edit Date & Time, and then choose a date and time format from the pop-up menu. If you want the document to always show the current date and time, select Automatically update on open.

Copying and Pasting Character and Paragraph Styles
You can copy the paragraph or character style of selected text and apply it to different text in the same document by pasting it. You can also copy paragraph formatting to another Pages document. To copy and paste a paragraph or character style: 1 Place the insertion point in a paragraph or word whose style you want to copy. 2 Choose Format > Copy Paragraph Style, or choose Format > Copy Character Style. 3 Place the insertion point in a paragraph or word you want to modify, or select multiple paragraphs or words to modify. 4 Choose Format > Paste Character Style, or choose Format > Paste Paragraph Style. To copy a paragraph or character style to another Pages document, switch to the other document before choosing Format > Paste Style. The text takes on the new style, but its content is not altered.
Modifying and Creating New Paragraph Styles
A paragraph is any block of text followed by a Return character. For these blocks of text (including headings, body text, footers, callout text, and so on) you can define the appearance, tab spacing, margins, background color, page breaks, and more using paragraph styles. If you dont find a paragraph style with exactly the look you want in the Pages templates, you can modify an existing style or create a new style.
Modifying Paragraph Styles
Change a paragraphs appearance, tab stops, margins, background color, page breaks, and more by modifying its paragraph style.
To modify a paragraph style: 1 Click the Styles Drawer button in the Format Bar to open the Styles drawer. Select the paragraph style that most closely matches the style you want to design, or select Free Form. 2 Type some text and format it to look the way you want. For information about formatting the look of text, see Formatting Text Size and Appearance on page 75. 3 Set the text alignment, character and line spacing, and the spacing before and after the paragraph using the controls in the Format Bar or in the Text pane of the Text Inspector. For more information, see Setting Text Alignment, Spacing, and Color on page 84. 4 If the paragraph style requires special tab stops, set them in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector. For more information, see Setting Tab Stops Using the Text Inspector on page 91. 5 If you want the paragraph style to be indented relative to the page margins, set the paragraph indents in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector.

Changing the Style of Borders
For shapes, chart elements, text boxes, and table cells, you can choose a line style and color for the objects border, or you can specify no border. You can also put a border around imported images. You set border line style and color using the Graphic Inspector and the Colors window. Use the Format Bar to quickly change the line style and color of a border. Select the object, and select the line style and line color from the controls in the Format Bar. To set the line style and color of a border using the Graphic Inspector: 1 Select the object that you want to modify. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, and then click the Graphic Inspector button. 3 Choose Line from the Stroke pop-up menu.
4 Choose a line style from the pop-up menu.
Click the color well to choose a line color.
Choose a solid line, dotted line, dashed line, or another line style.
Enter the line thickness in this field. Choose line endpoints from these pop-up menus.
5 To change the line thickness, type a value in the size field (or click the arrows). 6 To change the line color, click the color well and select a color. 7 To give a line endpoints, such as arrowheads or circles, choose left and right endpoints from the pop-up menus.

Framing Objects

Enclose your images, shapes, text boxes, movies, and media placeholders with graphical borders, known as picture frames. Here are ways to work with picture frame borders: m To add a picture frame border, select the media or media placeholder, click Inspector in the toolbar, and then click the Graphic Inspector button. Choose Picture Frame from the Stroke pop-up menu, and then click the thumbnail to choose one. Some picture frames can be adjusted. To adjust your border, use the Scale slider or type a specific percentage in the adjacent field.
Click this arrow or the thumbnail to choose a frame style.
m To change a picture frame, select a framed media or media placeholder, click Inspector in the toolbar, and then click the Graphic Inspector button. Choose Picture Frame from the Stroke pop-up menu, and then click the arrow next to the thumbnail to choose a new picture frame. m To remove a border from your media or media placeholder, select the media or media placeholder and then choose a line style (or None) from the Stroke pop-up menu.

Transforming Corner Points into Curved Points and Vice Versa
You can change one or more points into curves or curves into points. Here are ways to transform corner points into curved points and vice versa: m To change a corner point into a curved point, make the shape editable, and then double-click the corner point. m To change a curved point into a corner point, make the shape editable, and then double-click the curved point. m To change all corner points in one or more shapes into curved points, make the shapes editable, select the shape(s), and then choose Format > Shape > Smooth Path. m To change all curved points in one or more shapes into corner points, make the shapes editable, select the shape(s), and then choose Format > Shape > Sharpen Path. After a shape is editable, you can use the Smooth Path and Sharpen Path commands without making the shape editable again.
Editing Specific Predrawn Shapes
Some predrawn shapes have special built-in editing controls. Editing a Rounded Rectangle The rounded rectangle has a circular control that lets you change the corners.
Drag to straighten or round the corner.
To edit a rounded rectangle: m Select the shape, and drag its circular control to the left to straighten the corners and to the right to round them. Editing Single and Double Arrows The arrows have three special controls.
Drag to change the tail length.
Drag up or down to change the width of the tail. Drag left or right to resize the arrowhead.
Here are ways to edit single and double arrows after selecting them: m Drag the selection handle on the arrows tail or tip of the arrowhead to increase or decrease the tails length without changing the shape of the arrowhead. m Drag the circular control up or down to change the width of the tail. m Drag the circular control left or right to resize the arrowhead. Editing a Star The star shape has a slider for increasing and decreasing the number of points in the star and a circular control for changing the angles between points.
Drag to change the angles between points in the star.
View the number of points currently in the star. Drag to increase or decrease the number of points in the star.
Here are ways to edit a star: m When you select a star shape, the slider appears. Drag the slider to increase or decrease the number of points in the star. m Drag the circular control to change the angles between points in the star. Editing a Polygon The polygon has a slider for increasing and decreasing the number of sides in the polygon.

Here are ways to add an image as an inline object: m Press the Command key, and then drag an image file from the Finder to the document window until you see the insertion point at the place where you want the image to appear. Release the image when you have placed it where you want it. m Click Media in the toolbar, click the Photos button in the Media Browser window, select the album where your picture is located, press the Command key, and then drag a thumbnail to the document window, releasing the image when the insertion point is at the place where you want the image to appear. m Place the insertion point wherever you want the image to appear, choose Insert > Choose, select the image file, and then click Insert.
Masking (Cropping) Images
You can crop images without actually changing the image files by masking parts of them. Cropping an Image Using the Default (Rectangular) Mask You can use a rectangular mask to define the boundaries of an image. To crop an image using the default (rectangular) mask: 1 Import the image you want to mask (see Importing an Image as a Floating Object on page 158 and Importing an Image as an Inline Object on page 158 for instructions). 2 Select the image, and then click the Mask button in the Format Bar or select the image, and then choose Format > Mask. A resizable mask appears over the image, and some mask controls are displayed.
Drag the selection handles to resize the mask. Drag the image to position the part you want to show. Drag the slider to resize the image. Click to show or hide the area outside the mask.
3 To resize the image, drag the slider above the Edit Mask button. 4 Refine the mask by doing any of the following: To resize the mask, drag the selection handles. To constrain the masks proportions, hold down the Shift key as you drag. To rotate the mask, hold down the Command key as you drag a corner selection handle.
5 Drag the image to position the part you want to show. To move the mask, click the dotted edge of the mask and drag it. 6 To make only the area under the mask visible, double-click the mask or image, press Return, click outside the image, or click Edit Mask. 7 To resize or rotate the masked image, drag or Command-drag its selection handles. 8 To reposition the image, drag it. 9 To deselect the image and hide the mask controls, click outside the image. Masking an Image with a Shape You can use a shape to define the boundaries of an image. To mask an image with a shape: 1 Do one of the following: Select the image and choose Format > Mask with Shape > shape. See Importing an Image as a Floating Object on page 158 and Importing an Image as an Inline Object on page 158 for instructions. Shift-click to select a shape and an image, and choose Format > Mask with Selected Shape. See Selecting Objects on page 135 for more information about working with shapes. If the image you import is floating, the shape must be, too. If the image is inline, the shape must also be inline. 2 Drag the image to position it over the area you want to show. To move the mask, click the dotted edge of the mask and drag it. 3 To resize the image, drag the slider above the Edit Mask button. 4 To resize the mask, drag the selection handles. 5 To make only the area under the mask visible, double-click the mask or image, press Return, click outside the image, or click Edit Mask. 6 To resize the masked image, click Edit Mask and drag the selection handles. 7 To deselect the image and hide the mask controls, click outside the image. To modify a masked image, double-click it. Note: If you use a shape containing text as a mask, the text is deleted. To restore the text, choose Edit > Undo Mask with Shape. To use a custom shape (as described in Adding a Custom Shape on page 151), drag an image to the shape, or select the image and the shape and then choose Format > Mask with Selected Shape. You can also drag an image to mask a shape with an image.

If a cell youre formatting already contains a value, the value is assumed to be a decimal value, and its converted into a percentage. For example, 3 becomes 300%. Using the Date and Time Format Use the date and time format to display date and/or time values. To define a date and time format for one or more cells: 1 Select the cell or cells. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Table Inspector button, and then click Format. 3 Choose Date & Time from the Cell Format pop-up menu. 4 To specify how you want a date formatted, choose a format from the Date pop-up menu. 5 To specify how you want a time value formatted, choose a format from the Time popup menu. Using the Fraction Format Use the fraction format to control the display of values smaller than 1. For example, 27.5 displays as 27 1/2 when the format is Halves and as 27 4/8 when the format is Eighths. To define a fraction format for one or more cells: 1 Select the cell or cells. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Table Inspector button, and then click Format. 3 Choose Fraction from the Cell Format pop-up menu. 4 To specify how you want the fractional part of a value formatted, choose an item from the Accuracy pop-up menu. Using the Scientific Format Use the scientific format to display numbers using an exponent raised by the power of 10. The exponent is displayed following an E. For example, the value 5.00 in scientific format displays as 5.00E0. And the value 12345 displays as 1.2345E4. To define a scientific format for one or more cells: 1 Select the cell or cells. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Table Inspector button, and then click Format. 3 Choose Scientific from the Cell Format pop-up menu. 4 Use the Decimals field to specify the number of decimal places to display. Using the Text Format Use the text format when you want all of a cells content to be treated as text, even when its a number.
To define a text format for one or more cells: 1 Select the cell or cells. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Table Inspector button, and then click Format. 3 Choose Text from the Cell Format pop-up menu.

You can easily switch between using columns and rows as data series by using the Plot Row vs. Column button in the Chart Data Editor.
This button makes the columns of data in the Chart Data Editor the data series. This button makes the rows of data in the Chart Data Editor the data series.
Data series are represented differently in different kinds of charts: In column charts and bar charts, a data series is represented by a series of bars in the same fill (color or texture). In a line chart (also called a graph), a data series is represented by a single line. In an area chart, a data series is represented by an area shape. In a pie chart, only a single data set (the first data point in each series) is represented on the chart (whichever is listed first in the Chart Data Editor). In a scatter chart, two columns of data are used to plot values for a single data series. Each pair of values determines the position of one data point.

Adding a Chart

Charts can be added inline with text or floating on the page. Here are ways to add a chart: m To add an inline chart in a word processing document, choose Insert > Chart or click Chart in the toolbar. Drag the chart to wherever you want the chart to appear in the text flow. In a word processing document, you can convert an inline chart to a floating chart and vice versa. Select the chart you wish to convert, and click the Inline or Floating button in the Format Bar. In a page layout document, charts are floating. For more information about using inline and floating objects, see Using Floating and Inline Objects on page 134. m To draw a chart on the page, hold down the Option key as you click Chart in the toolbar. Release the Option key and move the pointer over the page until it becomes a crosshair. Drag across the page to create a chart thats the size you want. To constrain the charts proportions, hold down the Shift key as you drag. A chart containing placeholder data appears on the page, and the Chart Inspector and Chart Data Editor open. Use the Chart Inspector to select the initial chart type and to format your chart. Use the Chart Data Inspector to edit chart data. See Picking an Initial Chart Type on page 204, Formatting General Chart Attributes on page 207, Formatting Specific Types of Charts on page 214, and Editing Chart Data on page 206 for instructions.

Selecting a Chart Type

After youve added a chart, you can set or change its type. Choose from a wide variety of chart types, including bar charts, 3D bar charts, line charts, 3D line charts, and more.

2 Use the Format menu, the Font panel, or the Format Bar to format the text. See Using the Format Menu to Format Text on page 75, Using the Font Panel to Format Text on page 77, and Using the Format Bar to Format Text on page 75 for instructions.
Adding Descriptive Text to a Chart
You can add descriptive text to a chart, such as when you want to provide background information for a particular data point. To add text: 1 Create a text box. See Adding Text Boxes on page 100 for instructions. 2 Drag the text box to where you want it on the chart. 3 Type text in the text box. Optionally group the chart and the text box so the text stays with the chart. Shift-click to select both the chart and the text box, and then choose Arrange > Group.
Formatting Specific Types of Charts
Different chart styles offer unique options for formatting their elements.

Pie Charts

For pie charts, Pages plots only the first data point for each data series. If the data series are in rows, only the first column is charted; if the data series are in columns, only the first row is charted. Thus, one pie chart represents a single data set, and each wedge is one element in that set. You can chart any data set by moving it to the first row or column. You can format a pie chart as a whole, or you can format individual wedges. Selecting Individual Pie Wedges If you want to format one or more wedges, you need to select them first. Here are ways to select pie wedges in a selected pie chart: m To select a single wedge, click it. m To select all the wedges, select any wedge and press Command-A. m To select nonadjacent wedges, hold down the Command key as you select each wedge. m To select a continuous range of wedges, select the first wedge, and then hold down the Shift key as you select the last wedge. Showing Series Names in a Pie Chart On pie charts, you can display series names.
To show series names in a pie chart: 1 Select the chart or individual pie wedges. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Chart Inspector button, and then click Series. 3 Choose Show Series Name from the Data Point Label pop-up menu. 4 Choose Inside or Outside from the Data Point Label pop-up menu. Separating Individual Pie Wedges To make pie wedges more visually prominent, you can separate them from the pie. You can add a series name to separated wedges to further enhance their prominence, as Showing Data Point Labels on page 210 describes.
Set a pie wedge apart by using the Explode slider and giving it a series name.
Here are ways to separate individual pie wedges: m To move a single wedge away from the center of a 2D or 3D pie chart, select it and then drag it or use the Explode control on the Series pane of the Chart Inspector. m To separate all the wedges away from the center of a 3D pie chart, select the chart before using the Explode control. Adding Shadows to Pie Charts and Wedges You can put shadows on individual pie wedges or on the pie as a whole. Putting shadows on individual wedges makes it look as if the wedges are on different layers. When you add a shadow to a pie wedge, its a good idea to separate it first. See Separating Individual Pie Wedges on page 215 for instructions. To add shadows: 1 Select the chart or individual pie wedges. 2 Click Inspector in the toolbar, click the Chart Inspector button, and then click Series. 3 To add shadows to wedges, choose Individual from the Shadow pop-up menu. To add shadows to the chart as a whole, choose Group from the Shadow pop-up menu. 4 To set shadow attributes, use the Graphic Inspector. See Adding Shadows on page 144 for instructions.

Step 2: Define Default Attributes
A template must have default values defined for the following document elements: Paragraph, character, and list styles Table of contents attributes Text box attributes Shape attributes Table attributes Chart attributes Imported graphics attributes
Chapter 13 Designing Your Own Document Templates
You can customize any of these for the template you are creating, or you can use the defaults that already exist in the template you started with (including the Blank and Blank Canvas templates).

Defining Default Styles

If you dont find a paragraph, character, or list style with exactly the look you want in the Pages templates, you can modify an existing style or create a new style. For instructions, see Modifying and Creating New Paragraph Styles on page 123, Modifying and Creating New Character Styles on page 127, and Modifying and Creating New List Styles on page 129.
Defining Default Table of Contents Attributes
You can include a formatted table of contents in your Word Processing template. See Using a Table of Contents on page 58 for information.
Defining Default Attributes for Text Boxes and Shapes
The default attributes of text boxes and shapes determine their color, size, and orientation when theyre first inserted on a page. To define default text boxes and shapes: 1 Place a floating text box and a shape on the page. To read about placing a floating text box, see Adding a Floating Text Box on page 100. To read about placing a floating shape, see Using Floating and Inline Objects on page 134. 2 Type text into the text box and shape, select the text, and then set its attributes. To read about setting text attributes, see Formatting Text Size and Appearance on page 75. 3 Select the text box and the shape, and then set attributes for both. See Modifying Objects on page 141 and Filling an Object with Color on page 147 for more information. Line length and orientation cant be defined within a template. Line attributes such as color, thickness, and opacity must be set separately. 4 Set text wrapping using the Wrap Inspector. To read about setting text wrapping, see Wrapping Text Around an Object on page 110. 5 Select the shape, and then choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Shape Style. Select the text box, and then choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Text Box Style. 6 Delete the text box and shape from the page.